881:
378:
Studies Center, state that the colonial officials and
Christian missionaries assumed the people of the newly conquered lands to be "savage and anarchic", then worsened the ethnic divisions within the Burundi society by assuming that "the peoples of the world could be neatly divided into distinct racial categories and subcategories" in order to competitively convert them to Christianity. The missionaries did not invent ethnic groups, states Longman, because they pre-existed. However, they did create racial significance when these didn't exist before, inadvertently creating ideological divisions and inequalities.
439:
75:
468:
504:
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456:
374:
the arrival of Free
Methodists and Anglican missionaries. These missions were closely involved with the colonial project. In post-colonial independent Burundi, Christianity has had a deep engagement with political leaders of Burundi, a country with nearly 11 million citizens and one of the most densely populated nations in Africa (over 1000 people per square mile).
382:
Burundi. The assumptions about the ethnic differences, states
Longman, led to discriminatory practices, questionable distribution of property. The resulting conflicts and retaliatory genocide among Hutu and Tutsi ethnic groups, in Burundi - and Rwanda with which Burundi shares history and culture - have attracted widespread dismay and attention.
373:
Larger
Christian missions arrived in Burundi in the early 20th century, during its German colonial rule era, and followed by its Belgian colonial rule era. Catholic and Protestant missionaries arrived in the first two decades of the 20th century, while the 1920s saw the arrival of Baptists, the 1930s
377:
The religious institutions within
Burundi have both been called upon to help heal social divisions, help end civil chaos after political assassinations, and close wounds of mass violence, but they have also been criticized. Some, such as Timothy Longman - a professor and director of the African
381:
Initial conversions to
Catholicism in Burundi were almost exclusively among the Hutu people – the majority in Burundi but one who neither were the rulers nor were part of economic elite. In contrast, the Protestant missionaries gained early conversions in the elite but minority Tutsi people of
1417:
370:
The earliest
Christian missions arrived in 1879, but the missionaries were killed and the king of Burundi who ruled through 1908 had no interest in foreign theology or imported goods.
1076:
429:
In 2022, Freedom House rated
Burundi religious freedom as 3 out of 4, noting that relations between the government and the Catholic Church have worsened in recent years.
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Islam arrived in
Burundi some 200 years before Christianity through Sunni Arab-Swahili traders active in the
1473:
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region. However, Islam has been a minority religion with some presence in the trading towns near the Lake.
49:
438:
919:
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393:'s seat. The traditional Catholic and Protestant community has been losing members to more emotional
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8:
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577:
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1338:
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999:
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171:, 23% follow traditional religions, and 10% are Muslims or adherents of other faiths.
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and its constitution grants complete freedom of religious practice.
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In the post-colonial contemporary era, Mushasha in the
751:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 42–46, 62–63.
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740:
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805:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 14–15.
778:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 46–48.
661:Africa: An Encyclopedia of Culture and Society
640:
849:
735:
718:Routledge Companion to Christianity in Africa
691:Routledge Companion to Christianity in Africa
683:
681:
610:
136:, about 94% of the population of Burundi is
856:
842:
658:Toyin Falola; Daniel Jean-Jacques (2015).
620:Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010).
587:
585:
678:
721:. Routledge. pp. 369–372, 550–551.
626:. Oxford University Press. p. 221.
599:
73:
582:
14:
1466:
863:
418:
837:
156:), while 2.3% or 'other' or 'none'.
121:are recognised as national holidays.
887:Traditional African religions portal
559:from the original on 10 October 2022
32:Religion in Burundi (2020 estimate)
826:Freedom House, Retrieved 2023-04-25
802:Christianity and Genocide in Rwanda
775:Christianity and Genocide in Rwanda
748:Christianity and Genocide in Rwanda
24:
578:CIA Factbook, Retrieved 2023-04-25
79:Mary, Queen of the World Cathedral
25:
1485:
1418:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
1139:Democratic Republic of the Congo
879:
502:
488:
466:
454:
437:
163:in 2010, states that 67% of the
129:According to a 2017 estimate in
819:
792:
765:
694:. Routledge. pp. 365–367.
179:
708:
571:
545:
533:Freedom of religion in Burundi
425:Freedom of religion in Burundi
13:
1:
1047:Traditional African religions
538:
715:Elias Kifon Bongmba (2015).
688:Elias Kifon Bongmba (2015).
7:
1199:Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)
920:Traditional Berber religion
481:
124:
10:
1490:
1455:African diaspora religions
422:
404:
363:
174:
95:being the dominant faith.
1451:
1356:
1075:
905:Ancient Egyptian religion
871:
664:. ABC-CLIO. p. 121.
595:. CIA The World Factbook.
395:Evangelical Protestantism
389:of Burundi serves as its
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68: Other / None (0.2%)
1124:Central African Republic
799:Timothy Longman (2010).
772:Timothy Longman (2010).
745:Timothy Longman (2010).
606:U.S. Department of State
593:"Africa :: Burundi"
400:
528:Bahá'í Faith in Burundi
518:Christianity in Burundi
366:Christianity in Burundi
623:Encyclopedia of Africa
288:Encyclopedia of Africa
161:Encyclopedia of Africa
101:Christian denomination
85:
1284:São Tomé and Príncipe
1274:Republic of the Congo
285:Religions of Burundi
189:Religions of Burundi
77:
1474:Religion in Burundi
1040:Serer creation myth
553:"National Profiles"
419:Freedom of Religion
191:CIA Factbook (2008)
159:An estimate by the
89:Religion in Burundi
18:Hinduism in Burundi
1025:Malagasy mythology
935:Bushongo mythology
865:Religion in Africa
86:
50:Traditional faiths
1461:
1460:
1367:other territories
1154:Equatorial Guinea
1052:Tumbuka mythology
1015:Lugbara mythology
1000:Khoe/San religion
945:Dahomean religion
812:978-0-521-19139-5
785:978-0-521-19139-5
758:978-0-521-19139-5
728:978-1-134-50577-7
701:978-1-134-50577-7
671:978-1-59884-666-9
633:978-0-19-533770-9
360:
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91:is diverse, with
16:(Redirected from
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1077:Sovereign states
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1005:Lotuko mythology
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1194:Guinea-Bissau
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1067:Zulu religion
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900:Akan religion
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306:Christianity
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140:(58.6% being
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111:secular state
108:
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94:
90:
84:
80:
76:
61:
51:
41:
33:
27:
19:
1429:
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1358:Dependencies
1309:South Africa
1299:Sierra Leone
1108:
1104:Burkina Faso
940:Christianity
910:Baháʼí Faith
821:
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747:
717:
710:
690:
660:
622:
601:
573:
561:. Retrieved
547:
431:
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369:
320:Traditional
287:
236:Unspecified
180:Christianity
160:
158:
130:
128:
105:
93:Christianity
88:
87:
40:Christianity
31:
26:
1314:South Sudan
1057:Waaqeffanna
148:), 3.4% is
97:Catholicism
1453:See also:
1444:(Tanzania)
1431:Somaliland
1424:St. Helena
1388:(Portugal)
1363:autonomies
1294:Seychelles
1254:Mozambique
1239:Mauritania
1224:Madagascar
1179:The Gambia
1119:Cape Verde
975:Irreligion
563:10 October
539:References
473:Bujumbura
391:archbishop
222:Protestant
169:Christians
146:Protestant
1244:Mauritius
872:Religions
448:Cathedral
445:Bujumbura
295:Religions
207:Catholic
196:Religions
138:Christian
115:Christmas
83:Bujumbura
1468:Category
1442:Zanzibar
1413:(France)
1405:Puntland
1394:(France)
1349:Zimbabwe
1324:Tanzania
1169:Ethiopia
1164:Eswatini
1144:Djibouti
1114:Cameroon
1099:Botswana
965:Hinduism
930:Buddhism
557:Archived
482:See also
152:(mainly
142:Catholic
134:Factbook
125:Overview
1411:Réunion
1400:(Spain)
1398:Melilla
1392:Mayotte
1386:Madeira
1382:(Spain)
1376:(Spain)
1334:Tunisia
1304:Somalia
1289:Senegal
1269:Nigeria
1259:Namibia
1249:Morocco
1214:Liberia
1209:Lesotho
1159:Eritrea
1134:Comoros
1109:Burundi
1084:Algeria
995:Judaism
990:Jainism
352:
339:
324:
311:
300:percent
268:
253:
240:
227:
212:
201:percent
175:History
165:Burundi
107:Burundi
42:(93.4%)
1344:Zambia
1339:Uganda
1279:Rwanda
1229:Malawi
1189:Guinea
1089:Angola
809:
782:
755:
725:
698:
668:
630:
475:Mosque
290:(2010)
249:Other
150:Muslim
119:Easter
66:
62:(2.1%)
58:
56:
52:(4.3%)
48:
46:
38:
36:
1380:Ceuta
1365:, and
1319:Sudan
1264:Niger
1219:Libya
1204:Kenya
1184:Ghana
1174:Gabon
1149:Egypt
1094:Benin
980:Islam
401:Islam
334:Islam
263:Islam
231:23.9%
216:62.1%
154:Sunni
109:is a
60:Islam
1426:(UK)
1329:Togo
1234:Mali
1129:Chad
807:ISBN
780:ISBN
753:ISBN
723:ISBN
696:ISBN
666:ISBN
628:ISBN
565:2022
356:3.6%
272:2.5%
257:3.6%
244:7.9%
117:and
343:10%
328:23%
315:67%
132:CIA
81:in
1470::
737:^
680:^
642:^
612:^
584:^
555:.
397:.
1360:,
857:e
850:t
843:v
815:.
788:.
761:.
731:.
704:.
674:.
636:.
567:.
20:)
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