204:
195:
693:
1500:
223:
167:
1168:
1160:
654:
678:
1093:
158:
1609:
1485:
system in eastern
Galicia and other concessions to Ukrainian culture. Thereafter, the Ukrainian national movement spread rapidly among the Ruthenian peasantry and, despite repeated setbacks, by the early years of the 20th century this movement had almost completely replaced other Ruthenian groups as the main rival for power with the Poles. Throughout this period, the Ukrainians never gave up the traditional Ruthenian demands for national equality and for partition of the Galician province into a western (Polish) half and an eastern (Ukrainian) half.
1061:, many significant reforms were carried out by a bureaucracy. The aristocracy was guaranteed its rights, but these rights were considerably circumscribed. The former serfs were no longer mere chattel, but became subjects of law and were granted certain personal freedoms, such as the right to marry without the lord's permission. Their labour obligations were defined and limited, and they could bypass the lords and appeal to the imperial courts for justice. The Eastern Rite "Uniate" Church, which primarily served the Ruthenians, was renamed the
1057:. Blaming the Polish nobility for Galicia's economic backwardness, the Austrian rulers brought in Austrian Germans and Germanized Czechs to reform the province; until 1849 no native Galician was appointed vice-governor. In 1786, Polish laws were abolished and Austrian code introduced instead; all levels of administration were staffed by German speakers, while major urban centers (Lviv, Cracow, Przemyśl) were filled with Austrian soldiers. During these first decades of Austrian rule, while Galicia was firmly governed from
2090:
1345:, advised the Emperor to make a more comprehensive constitutional deal with all of the nationalities - a proposal that would have set up a federal structure. Belcredi worried that an accommodation with the Hungarian interests would alienate the other nationalities. However, Franz Joseph was unable to ignore the power of the Hungarian nobility, and they would not accept anything less than dualism between themselves and the traditional Austrian élites.
976:
1069:; it was given seminaries, and eventually, a Metropolitan. Although unpopular with the aristocracy, among the common folk, Polish and Ukrainian/Ruthenian alike, these reforms created a reservoir of good will toward the emperor which lasted almost to the end of Austrian rule. At the same time, however, Austria extracted from Galicia considerable wealth and conscripted large numbers of the peasant population into its armed services.
1307:
1365:
1207:
the first document to express the idea of unity between the population of
Habsburg monarchy and Ruthenia, a part of the Russian Empire. But leaders of Main Rusyn Rada actively pointed out that Galicia was inhabited by the Rusyn – “Ruthenen” – a people different from the Russians – “Russen” – as well as from Poles; and that it were the Rusyns who were the backbone of Austria-Hungary in the province.
1255:. Although at first pro-Habsburg Ruthenian and Polish peasant representation was considerable in this body (about half the assembly), and the pressing social and Ruthenian questions were discussed, administrative pressures limited the effectiveness of both peasant and Ruthenian representatives and the Diet became dominated by the Polish aristocracy and gentry, who favoured further
1000:
1124:
a few thousand
Galician volunteers participated, many Polish refugees arrived in Galicia. The latter 1830s were rife with Polish conspiratorial organizations, whose work culminated in the unsuccessful Galician insurrection of 1846, easily put down by the Austrians with the help of the Galician peasantry, which remained loyal to the emperor.
1251:, issued its October Diploma, which envisioned a conservative federalization of the empire, but a negative reaction in the German-speaking lands led to changes in government and the issuing of the February Patent which watered down this de-centralization. Nevertheless, by 1861, Galicia was granted a Legislative Assembly or
1041:, and added to the province, which changed the geographical reference of the term Galicia, expanding it much to the west. Lviv (Lemberg, Lwów) served as capital of Austrian Galicia, which was dominated by the Polish aristocracy, despite the fact that the population of the eastern half of the province was mostly
798:
1740:'s annexation of Eastern Galicia, never accepted as legitimate by most Ukrainians, was internationally recognized in 1923. This attitude, among other local problems, contributed to growing tensions between the Polish government and the Ukrainian population, eventually giving the rise to the militant underground
2018:
and civilized, more non-Jewish
Galicians escaped the full extent of German intentions than many other Ukrainians who lived more eastward. Despite the more lenient extent of German control for some of the Galician population, many Galicians, especially Jewish Galicians, were deported to concentration
1190:
The
Habsburg government was trying to prevent Galicia's turning into a "Polish Piedmont", from where the restoration of an independent Polish state could begin; using national and social controversies in Galicia, it started to encourage the Rusyn movement, which was later called “Ukrainian Piedmont”.
1206:
On May 15, 1848, this newspaper published an address of Main Rusyn Rada containing demands for administrative autonomy and free development of national culture and language for
Galician Rusyns, “a part of the great Rusyn people which speaks a single language and amounts to 15 million people”. It was
1123:
The 1820s and 1830s were a period of absolutist rule from Vienna, the local
Galician bureaucracy still being filled by Germans and Germanized Czechs, although some of their children were already becoming Polonized. After the failure of the November insurrection in Russian Poland in 1830–31, in which
1484:
Both Vienna and the Poles saw treason among the
Russophiles, and a series of political trials during the 1880s had the effect of discrediting them. By 1890, an agreement was worked out between the Poles and the "Populist" Ruthenians or Ukrainians which saw the partial Ukrainianization of the school
1139:
In the 1830s, in the eastern part of
Galicia, the beginnings of a national awakening occurred among the Ruthenians. A circle of activists, primarily Greek Catholic seminarians, affected by the romantic movement in Europe and the example of fellow Slavs elsewhere, especially in eastern Ukraine under
1542:
Caused by the backward economic condition of
Galicia where rural poverty was widespread, the emigration began in the western, Polish populated part of Galicia and quickly shifted east to the Ukrainian inhabited parts. Poles, Ukrainians, Jews, and Germans all participated in this mass movement of
1052:
The newly arrived Austrians were shocked by the relationships between nobles and peasants in the former Polish territory. The peasants were seen, by the Austrians, as being treated as slaves over whom the nobles had limitless power, and examples of the nobles' alleged barbarism and "wildness",
2218:
Kratter's work, denouncing the Polish nobility, served the political purpose of Habsburg vindication.(...) In the age of Joseph, in the 1780s, it was possible to articulate a more modern claim to legitimacy before the public, emphasizing the displacement of barbaric cruelty by enlightened
1049:, as they were known at the time). In addition to the Polish aristocracy and gentry who inhabited almost all parts of Galicia, and the Ruthenians in the east, there existed a large Jewish population, also more heavily concentrated in the eastern parts of the province.
1127:
This insurrection only occurred in the western, Polish-populated, part of Galicia, and the conflict was between patriotic, noble, rebels, and unsympathetic Polish peasants. In 1846, as one of the results of this unsuccessful revolt, the former Polish capital city of
1053:
described with "artistic liberty", were distributed in the Austrian press and pamphlets in order to legitimize Habsburg regime in Galicia. The new Habsburg rulers and their supporters thus portrayed themselves as civilizing those whom they described as the savage
984:
1859:. According to its terms, Germany had to scrap its original plan for the Ukrainian Legion. After September 17, 1939, all territory east of the San, Bug and Neman rivers, approximating the former territory of East Galicia, was occupied and annexed by the
1203:“actively attracted and supported...the timid elite of Western Ukraine, hoping to use it as a counterbalance against more aggressive Poles”. Under his guidance, the Main Rusyn Rada was created, and in Lviv a newspaper “The Dawn of Galicia” was founded.
1360:
addressed the Emperor asking for greater autonomy for Galicia. Their demands were not accepted outright, but over the course of the next several years a number of significant concessions were made toward the establishment of Galician autonomy.
60:
claimed the area on his westward way. In the 11th century the area belonged to Poland (1018–1031 and 1069–1080), then reverted to Kievan Rus'. However, at the end of the 12th century the Hungarian claims to the principality turned up. Finally
1356:. Although the Polish and Czech plans for their national areas to be included in the federal structure failed, a slow yet steady process of liberalisation of Austrian rule in Galicia started. Representatives of the Polish aristocracy and
1276:
felt more and more abandoned by Vienna and among the "Old Ruthenians" grouped around the Greek Catholic Cathedral of Saint George, there occurred a turn towards Russia. The more extreme supporters of this orientation came to be known as
1762:
as a third ethnic entity. This effort was suppressed by the Polish government in 1920, and the area was incorporated into Poland. The leaders of the republic were subsequently tried by the Polish government; they were later acquitted.
692:
1293:
society arose which published literature in the Ukrainian/Ruthenian vernacular and eventually established a network of reading halls. Supporters of this orientation came to be known as "Populists", and later, simply as
1156:("The Mermaid of the Dnister"), a collection of folksongs and other materials in the common Ruthenian tongue. Alarmed by such democratism, the Austrian authorities and the Greek Catholic Metropolitan banned the book.
653:
530:, who referred to him as "igemon of Galicia". Roman also married Alexio's niece, the elder daughter of the overthrown emperor Isaak II. The relation with Byzantium helped to stabilize Galicia's relations with the
1669:
controlled almost all of Galicia. However, the victory was short-lived, the Russians were pushed out of Galicia in the spring and summer of 1915 by a combined German, Austro-Hungarian and Turkish offensive.
1218:
the local administration and managed to have Ruthenian ideas of partitioning the province shelved. He was unsuccessful, however, in forcing the Greek Catholic Church to shift to the use of the western or
2330:
1758:
in 1918, initially attempting to unite with Russia, instead of Ukraine. As this was impossible, they later attempted to unite with Rusyns from the area south of the Carpathians, in an attempt to join
1775:
203:
194:
1462:
Conservatives. Together with the eastern Galician conservative Polish landowners and aristocracy called the "Podolians", they gained a political ascendency in Galicia which lasted to 1914.
2258:
568:) and the principality ceased to exist as an independent state. Poland acquired a territory of approximately 52,000 square kilometres (20,000 sq mi) with 200,000 inhabitants.
2221:
In one alleged incident described by the Austrian writer, a nobleman sent a peasant into a tree to clear an owl's nest, and then for his own amusement shot the peasant out of the tree.
2066:
1187:" more than 2,000 Polish landowners and members of their families were killed. In some districts, for example in Tarnow, almost 90 percent of the estates were looted and burned.
598:
and Jewish immigration to the region also occurred in large numbers. Numerous castles were built during this time and some new cities were founded: Stanisławów (Stanyslaviv in
1262:
By 1863, open revolt broke out in Russian Poland and, from 1864 to 1865, the Austrian government declared a State of Siege in Galicia, temporarily suspending civil liberties.
511:. Daniel's dynasty also attempted to gain papal and broader support in Europe for an alliance against the Mongols, but proved incapable of competing with the rising powers of
1934:
June–July 1940 – 67,049 people (approximately 84.6% Jews, 11.0% Poles, 3.3% Ukrainians, 0.4% Germans, 0.7% others) deported to Siberia and the north-east of European Russia;
2057:. Despite these warring factions, and despite Ukrainian Galicians joining the UPA and supporting its anti-Soviet, anti-Polish, and anti-German policies, some also joined
1928:
February 1940 – 89,062 people (approximately 84.8% Poles, 13.8% Ukrainians, 1.4% Jews and others) deported to the north-east of European Russia, Siberia, and Kazakhstan;
77:
settled parts of northern and western Galicia from the 13th to 18th centuries, although the vast majority of the historic province remained independent from German and
2120:
The new Poland/USSR border, with majority Polish-speaking areas to the west, and Ukrainians (Ruthenes) to the east was recognized by the western Allies as part of the
1689:. Upon reclaiming its former territories and perceiving a much greater threat from a Communist Russia, Poland made common cause with the Ukrainian administration in
1341:) began negotiations for a compromise with the Hungarian nobility to ensure their support. Some members of the Imperial government, such as Austrian prime minister
2479:
1779:
479:
In the following century, the area shifted briefly to Poland (1018–1031 and 1069–1080) and then back to Kievan Rus'. As one of many successors to Kievan Rus', the
2334:
2124:
with the Soviet Union. There were however large minority populations on either side of the new frontier and the end of the Second World War saw the forcible
1424:
2381:
1800:, to attack and demoralize the Polish Army in the rear, if resistance from Polish troops were stronger than expected. In early summer of 1939, Germans (
1817:
2128:
of over 500,000 people by the Communist authorities. Many Ukrainians from parts of the region allocated to Poland were transferred to the west during
1578:
A total of several hundred thousand people were involved in this Great Economic Emigration which grew steadily more intense until the outbreak of the
1428:
1964:
After the outbreak of the German-Soviet war, in June 1941, thousands of prisoners have been murdered in mass executions in prisons (among others in
1330:
of 1866, the Austrian empire began to experience increased internal problems. In an effort to shore up support for the Habsburg monarchy, Emperor
2431:І.К. Патриляк. Військова діяльність ОУН(Б) у 1940—1942 роках. — Університет імені Шевченко \Ін-т історії України НАН України Київ, 2004 (No ISBN)
1945:. This was a period of massacres. Evacuating Soviets decided to summarily kill the mass of people waiting in the prisons for deportation to the
2262:
1847:
was aware of these plans and actively tried to counteract them in diplomatic negotiations. Finally, in the immediate diplomatic prelude to the
1821:
904:
876:
1825:
2848:
2472:
1931:
April 1940 – 31,332 people (approximately 70.6% Poles, 25.0% Ukrainians, 3.0% Jews, 1.4% Russians, Germans, others) deported to Kazakhstan;
1698:
677:
1037:
claims to the region. However, a large portion of non-galician and ethnically Polish lands to the west was also incorporated by the same
440:, a Slavic state. The region of what later became known as Galicia appears to have been incorporated, in large part, into the Empire of
723:, prince of Galicia–Volhynia (1211–1212, 1229–1235, 1238–1253), king of Galicia-Volhynia (1253–1264), moved the capital from Galicia to
1976:
1298:". Almost all Ruthenians, however, still hoped for national equality and for an administrative division of Galicia along ethnic lines.
1924:
The total number of deportees from Western Ukraine was 198,536 people – it should be treated as the minimum of documented casualties:
548:
A succession wars were fought in the years 1340–1392 concerning succession to the rule of the Principality of Galicia–Volhynia. After
1527:(newly unified and economically dynamic) and to Bosnia and then later became a Trans-Atlantic one with large-scale emigration to the
2356:
2465:
1259:. This same year, disturbances broke out in Russian Poland and to some extent spilled over into Galicia. The Diet ceased to sit.
1214:, a conservative representative of the eastern Galician aristocracy, the so-called Podolians, was appointed Viceroy. He began to
768:
1809:
1741:
1408:
and provincial administration had extensive privileges and prerogatives, especially in education, culture, and local affairs.
861:(Daniel of Galicia), the first Ruthenian king of Galicia–Volhynia (1253–1264), crowned by a papal legat, archbishop Opizo in
1179:
occurred in Vienna and other parts of the Austrian Empire. When an uprising inspired by Polish revolutionists took place in
1556:
1140:
the Russians, began to turn their attention to the common folk and their language. In 1837, the so-called Ruthenian Triad (
2101:
2780:
1682:
2575:
1706:
1589:– the "Brazilian Fever" as it was called at the time – was described in contemporary literary works by the Polish poet
1240:
2283:
777:, Lithuanian prince of Galicia (1340–1349) and prince of Volhynia (1323–1366), prince of eastern Volhynia (1366–1384).
213:
180:
2449:
2407:
2318:
2197:
2150:
1918:
782:
557:
109:
495:. However, the Hungarian claims to the Ruthenian principality emerged in 1188. Despite the anti-Mongol campaigns of
2630:
2489:
2000:
1634:
1508:
1030:
129:
1988:
1601:
was instrumental in redirecting Ukrainian migration away from Brazil towards Canada, although the first arrival,
1062:
492:
423:
105:
74:
1732:
The Ukrainians of the former eastern Galicia and the neighbouring province of Volhynia made up about 15% of the
1411:
These changes were supported by many Polish intellectuals. In 1869, a group of young conservative publicists in
560:
advanced claims over the principality. After a prolonged conflict, Galicia–Volhynia was divided between Poland (
2050:
1694:
1499:
945:
939:
626:
1266:
1248:
1211:
1183:, Galician peasants rebelled against the landowners, thus becoming allies of the Austrian government. In the "
2385:
1638:
933:
222:
2022:
Most of the 500 000 Jews (around 12% of the population) were shot on the edge of common graves or killed in
1937:
May/June 1941 – 11,093 people (mostly Ukrainians, also Poles and others) deported to Siberia and Kazakhstan.
1796:) with details of future attack on Poland. In the plan, military brigades from Galicia played the role of a
844:
Andrew (András), the younger brother of Coloman, Hungarian prince, king of Galicia and Lodomeria (1219–1221)
1830:
824:
166:
1852:
1759:
1642:
1494:
549:
117:
2151:"The Alliance between Byzantium and Rus' Before the Conquest of Constantinople by the Crusaders in 1204"
1582:
in 1914. The war put a temporary halt to the emigration which never again reached the same proportions.
1469:
to the Polish landowning class was not welcomed by the Ruthenians, who became more sharply divided into
108:
that existed for the next century and half. By 1352, when the principality was partitioned between the
1941:
After June 22, 1941, the period of Sovietisation came to an end when Germany took East Galicia during
1713:
was established. Eventually, the whole of the province was recaptured by Poland and divided into four
2681:
2615:
2607:
2023:
1980:
1504:
1073:
1026:
1012:
1008:
957:
543:
2306:
2457:
2038:
2033:
between Poles and Ukrainians also intensified during this time, with skirmishes between the Polish
1897:
In 1940–1941, the Soviet authorities conducted four mass deportations from the eastern part of the
1681:, while the local Ukrainian population briefly declared the independence of Eastern Galicia as the
1447:
927:
561:
553:
512:
488:
282:
113:
101:
2750:
1281:". At the same time, influenced by the Ukrainian language poetry of the eastern Ukrainian writer,
2382:"Instytut Pamięci Narodowej - wersja tekstowa (Institute of National Remembrance - text version)"
1646:
1645:
in August 1914 but the second incursion was completely successful. Under the command of generals
1331:
1092:
921:
915:
894:
698:
683:
480:
97:
1167:
1081:
2853:
2773:
2637:
1898:
1733:
1678:
1512:
951:
717:, prince of Galicia–Volhynia (1199–1205) united Galicia and Volhynia into a single principality
2442:
Polacy i Ukraińcy. Sprawa ukraińska w czasie II wojny światowej na terenie II Rzeczypospolitej
1420:
1159:
818:
2189:
1630:
1470:
1455:
1278:
1066:
870:
786:
382:
62:
49:
1942:
1839:
planned, after the defeat of Poland, to create a pro-German Ukrainian state in Galicia and
1755:
1686:
1552:
1342:
1141:
963:
891:, King of Hungary (1342–1382), King of Poland (1370–1382), incorporated Galicia to Hungary
814:
802:
622:
577:
499:, who was crowned the king of Galicia–Volhynia, his state occasionally paid tribute to the
125:
37:
2572:
1953:
forces arrived in the area, they discovered evidence of the mass murders committed by the
1658:
821:, the first nominal king of Galicia who, as a Hungarian prince, reigned from 1188 to 1190.
100:
was formed, and was merged at the end of the century with the neighboring principality of
8:
2737:
2360:
2290:
2125:
1991:, on July 1, 1941. This was done without approval of the Germans, so they arrested many
1327:
1269:
and negotiations on autonomy between the Polish aristocracy and Vienna began once again.
1132:, which had been a free city and a republic, became a part of Galicia, administered from
527:
227:
132:, or simply Galicia, became the largest, most populous, and northernmost province of the
1792:
873:, King of Poland (1333–1370), incorporated Galicia to Poland in the period of 1344–1366
245:
times the region was populated by various tribes of Celto-Germanic admixture, including
2795:
2004:
1805:
1385:
1381:
1286:
1220:
1184:
1101:
1034:
888:
634:
599:
449:
157:
53:
1835:, Kirchhoff) and Slovakia. With the help of the Ukrainian Legion, German intelligence
1608:
2789:
2761:
2647:
2445:
2314:
2193:
2182:
2129:
2054:
2008:
1984:
1702:
1654:
1256:
1176:
1022:
858:
835:
754:
750:
744:
720:
660:
496:
445:
305:
274:
176:
89:
1909:, along with Poles. Approximately 335,000 Polish citizens were deported to Siberia,
278:
2162:
2121:
2046:
1972:
1872:
1868:
1848:
1650:
1590:
1524:
1446:
of 1863-1864 against the Russian Empire, the pamphlets ridiculed the idea of armed
1443:
1323:
1282:
1145:
764:
730:
630:
581:
523:
473:
465:
368:
329:
45:
41:
1416:
2731:
2711:
2659:
2651:
2594:
2070:
1876:
1801:
1726:
1674:
1622:
1579:
1572:
1451:
1377:
1353:
1224:
1196:
1149:
1105:
1054:
714:
603:
519:
484:
352:
137:
133:
121:
1774:
1641:. The initial attack on East Prussia quickly turned into a defeat following the
1523:
of the Galician peasantry occurred. The emigration started as a seasonal one to
1458:
offered by Vienna. This political grouping came to be known as the Stanczyks or
2784:
2720:
2641:
1996:
1666:
1626:
1598:
1564:
1357:
1228:
1120:(Podillya), was returned to Austria from Russia, which had held it since 1809.
898:
618:
453:
57:
2166:
586:
After 1346, the region comprised a Polish possession divided into a number of
2842:
2074:
1884:
1548:
1528:
1478:
1389:
1200:
806:
441:
437:
2069:. The Division SS "Galizien" was commanded by German and Austrian officers (
1080:" in order to legitimize the annexation. That area was lost in 1809, by the
2691:
2655:
2519:
2302:
2058:
1921:
archives in Moscow, exactly 297,280 Polish citizens were deported in 1940.
1863:. This territory was divided into four administrative districts (oblasts):
1813:
1797:
1602:
1405:
1401:
1252:
1215:
1077:
1016:
992:
988:
852:
607:
500:
469:
457:
429:
419:
396:
392:
286:
242:
25:
2530:
2411:
1999:, Yaroslav Stetsko, Roman Ilnytsky and Volodymyr Stakhiv were sent to the
1243:, the Empire entered a period of constitutional experiments. In 1860, the
20:
into the heart of the Central European Plain around 899, Slavic tribes of
2505:
1902:
1864:
1856:
1714:
1594:
1544:
1210:
A decade of renewed absolutism followed, but to placate the Poles, Count
1096:
Coat-of-arms of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria in the 19th century.
848:
797:
587:
141:
48:) territorial claims began to emerge. This area was mentioned in 981 (by
2089:
767:, Mazovian-Ruthenian prince of Galicia–Volhynia (1323–1340), ruled with
460:
strongholds in his military campaign on the border with the land of the
2557:
2259:"Pawns in somebody else's game: little-known facts of Galician history"
1910:
1520:
1474:
1393:
1295:
1273:
1104:, the Lublin area and surrounding regions were ceded by Austria to the
1046:
1042:
1038:
758:
591:
531:
433:
340:
85:
66:
17:
2214:
The Idea of Galicia: History and Fantasy in Habsburg Political Culture
1559:, and the United States, with a very intense emigration from Southern
2042:
2034:
1950:
1906:
1787:
1568:
1349:
1301:
975:
862:
774:
595:
372:
336:
317:
21:
2525:
2487:
1718:
1662:
1459:
1450:
and suggested compromise with Poland's enemies (especially with the
1412:
1265:
1865 brought a return to federal ideas along the lines suggested by
1180:
1129:
2581:
2548:
2188:(3rd (illustrated) ed.). University of Toronto Press. p.
2030:
1880:
1840:
1710:
1437:
1290:
1113:
571:
565:
461:
403:
313:
309:
29:
1625:, Galicia saw heavy fighting between the forces of Russia and the
1352:
of February 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into a dualist
1306:
883:
of Galicia, under the overlordship of the Polish king, (1341–1344)
734:
724:
504:
2067:
14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS Galizien (1st Ukrainian)
1891:
1560:
1397:
1364:
1117:
1021:
In 1772, Galicia was the largest part of the area annexed by the
970:
781:
After the death of Yuri II, Galicia was gradually annexed by the
733:, prince of Galicia–Volhynia (1293–1301), moved the capital from
614:
364:
301:
294:
266:
231:
93:
78:
70:
33:
1917:. According to general Vasily Khristoforov, the director of the
1616:
518:
At the start of the 13th century, the king of Galicia–Volhynia,
2810:
2514:
1836:
1751:
1748:
1737:
1586:
1536:
1532:
1466:
1244:
1058:
407:
388:
378:
325:
262:
1949:
even if their fault was petty crimes or no fault at all. When
2015:
1992:
1946:
828:
358:
321:
270:
258:
246:
235:
1585:
The Great Economic Emigration, especially the emigration to
2539:
2062:
1965:
1958:
1954:
1914:
1890:
Jews who did not adopt Soviet citizenship were deported to
1860:
1844:
1722:
1690:
1551:, but also to Brazil and elsewhere; Ukrainians migrated to
1454:), concentration on economic growth, and acceptance of the
1315:
1311:
1133:
1109:
738:
508:
346:
1736:'s population, and were its numerically largest minority.
999:
983:
212:
Germanic costumes par in Przeworsk culture (2nd century),
1766:
1543:
countryfolk and villagers. Poles migrated principally to
44:
and remained so until around 972, when the first Polish (
2053:, and within Galicia, revenge attacks on Ukrainians and
1481:, who stressed their connections to the common people).
2003:, and Galicia was subsequently incorporated into the
1968:) and during the evacuation (so-called death marches).
907:(Bebek Imre), Hungarian Governor of Galicia (1378–1386)
534:
population of the Lower Dniester and the Lower Danube.
1442:). Only five years after the tragic end of the Polish
621:
in the 16th and 17th centuries, devastated during the
285:, the great migration coincident with the fall of the
2331:"Instytut Pamięci Narodowej :: FSB, Moskwa 2004"
2285:
Ukrainian Legion – allies of Nazis, rivals of Bendera
2245:
Oil Empire: Visions of Prosperity in Austrian Galicia
1431:, published a series of satirical pamphlets entitled
289:, various groups of nomadic people invaded the area:
1905:, Jews, Lithuanians, Russians, Germans, Czechs, and
1116:
Region, including the historical region of Southern
703:
Ladislaus Dei Gracia Dux Opoliensis Wieloniensis et
402:
Overall, Slavs (both West and East Slavs, including
1855:was signed, which divided Poland roughly along the
827:(Kálmán), the first king of Galicia and Lodomeria,
590:. This began an era of Polish settlement among the
2444:, s. 159, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 1993,
2216:. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press. pp.22-23.
2181:
1961:, including mass killing of Poles and Ukrainians.
1302:Period of increasing Galician autonomy (1867-1914)
613:Galicia was many times subjected to incursions by
2425:
910:Benedek, Hungarian Starost of Galicia (1386–1387)
629:(1654–67), disrupted by Swedish invasions during
410:) came to dominate the Celtic-German population.
2840:
2410:(in Polish). Encyklopedia.pwn.pl. Archived from
2354:
1995:activists, between 6 and 11 July 1941. Finally,
1979:" in Lviv, and became the Prime Minister in the
1913:, and the north-east of European Russia, by the
1029:. All annexed territories were organized as the
572:Galicia under the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
2014:As Germany viewed Galicia as already partially
1824:, that had training camps in Germany, Austria (
1633:advanced into the Austro-Hungarian province of
1376:an autonomous province of Austria-Hungary with
552:was poisoned by local nobles in 1340, both the
126:partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
2311:W czterdziestym nas matko na Sybir zesłali ...
2234:Toronto: University of Toronto Press, pg. 193
1326:(Königgrätz) and the defeat of Austria in the
971:Partitions of Poland to the Congress of Vienna
2473:
2256:
1617:First World War and Polish-Ukrainian conflict
1234:
785:, between 1340 and 1366, during the reign of
136:, where it remained until the dissolution of
1223:, or among Ruthenians generally, to replace
1076:, newly annexed polish territory was named "
1396:lifted as well. Galicia formed part of the
503:. Daniel moved his capital from Galicia to
2480:
2466:
1977:Act of Proclamation of Ukrainian Statehood
1567:; and Jews emigrated both directly to the
1473:(who looked to Russia for salvation) and
1100:In 1815, as a result of decisions of the
979:Territorial changes of Galicia, 1772–1918
2179:
1773:
1661:, the next fortress on the road towards
1607:
1503:Economic immigrants from Galicia in the
1498:
1363:
1305:
1166:
1158:
1091:
998:
982:
974:
796:
747:, prince of Galicia–Volhynia (1301–1308)
221:
2148:
2019:camps, much like elsewhere in Ukraine.
1571:and also indirectly via other parts of
922:Kings of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
761:princes of Galicia–Volhynia (died 1323)
522:, became the main military ally of the
241:The region has a turbulent history. In
124:between Poland and Lithuania. Upon the
2841:
2703:New Galicia merged into Galicia, 1803
2665:Bukovina Military District, 1775–1789
2077:) who were delegated to the division.
1808:), with the support of activists from
1742:Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists
1629:. The fighting began in 1914 when the
1488:
40:constituted an autonomous part of the
36:rule. In 955 those areas north of the
2779:
2771:
2742:
2730:
2627:
2612:
2461:
2261:. Eastwest-review.com. Archived from
1987:, the Metropolitan Archbishop of the
2230:Chris Hann, Paul R. Magocsi.(2005).
2084:
1780:14th SS-Volunteer Division "Galicia"
1685:. These competing claims led to the
1033:, in order to underline traditional
537:
387:13th – 14th centuries (east part):
120:, where it still remained after the
2849:History of Galicia (Eastern Europe)
2400:
1786:In 1939 the Supreme Command of the
483:existed from 1087 until 1199, when
428:In 891–892, the territories of the
377:10th – 13th centuries (east part):
13:
2359:. S-ciesielski.com. Archived from
2313:, Publisher: London: Aneks, 1983.
2247:. Harvard University Press. p. 33.
2173:
1894:and northeastern European Russia.
1152:) published "Русалка Днѣстровая",
116:, most of Galicia belonged to the
14:
2865:
1843:. From intelligence reports, the
1547:and the midwestern states of the
1285:, a Ukrainophile movement led by
1241:Austrian military defeat in Italy
901:, Governor of Galicia (1372–1378)
487:finally managed to unite it with
363:6th – 9th centuries (east part):
335:2nd – 5th centuries (east part):
293:3rd century BC - 2nd century AD:
84:The territory was settled by the
2631:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
2490:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
2088:
2001:Sachsenhausen concentration camp
1747:In the western part of Galicia,
1725:(Lwów), Ternopil (Tarnopol) and
1683:West Ukrainian People's Republic
1665:. By the end December 1914, the
1605:, had been a few years earlier.
1404:) of the Dual Monarchy, but the
1065:to bring it onto a par with the
1031:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
691:
676:
652:
202:
193:
165:
156:
130:Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
106:Principality of Galicia–Volhynia
2434:
2374:
2348:
2049:. These conflicts included the
1989:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
1879:(the latter including parts of
1519:Beginning in the 1880s, a mass
1336:
1087:
771:, Andrew's and Leo's II sister.
413:
214:Archaeological Museum of Kraków
181:Archaeological Museum of Kraków
2576:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
2323:
2296:
2276:
2250:
2237:
2224:
2206:
2149:Maiorov, Alexander V. (2015).
2142:
2051:massacres of Poles in Volhynia
1677:became a part of the restored
1380:and (to a much lesser degree)
1199:argues that Galician governor
987:Galicia and its division into
946:Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor
940:Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
507:, and his son Leo moved it to
444:. It is first attested in the
281:cultures). Beginning with the
147:
92:and, in the 12th century, the
1:
2673:Bukovina District, 1789–1849
2243:Alison Fleign Frank. (2005).
2135:
1348:Finally, after the so-called
1195:Ukrainian-Canadian historian
934:Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
897:, Silesian prince, Hungarian
809:Gertrude von Andechs-Meranien
669:Domini Georgi Ducis Ladimerie
2732:"Congress" Kingdom of Poland
2408:"Zbrodnie Sowickie W Polsce"
2357:"Deportacje Polaków do ZSRR"
2333:. Ipn.gov.pl. Archived from
2232:Galicia: Multicultured Land.
1612:Kingdom of Galicia 1846–1918
1388:as official languages. The
930:Holy Roman Empress 1772–1780
840:Reges Galiciae et Lodomeriae
825:Coloman of Galicia-Lodomeria
7:
2823:Other Austrian territories
2384:(in Polish). Archived from
2080:
1901:, inhabited by Ukrainians,
1695:Ukrainian People's Republic
1657:in September and began the
1597:, and many others. Writer
1495:Poverty in Austrian Galicia
1171:Flag of Galicia (1890—1918)
705:Terre Russie Domin et Heres
637:of the early 18th century.
424:Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
10:
2870:
2820:
2818:
2813:
1983:. The act was accepted by
1885:Soviet Republic of Ukraine
1492:
1247:Government, influenced by
1235:Constitutional experiments
1106:Congress Kingdom of Poland
1006:
832:Rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae
645:
640:
575:
541:
436:came under the control of
417:
2809:
2805:
2794:
2749:
2716:
2710:
2702:
2682:Third Partition of Poland
2680:
2672:
2636:including the duchies of
2625:
2616:First Partition of Poland
2614:
2608:First Partition of Poland
2599:
2590:
2580:
2570:
2538:
2496:
2167:10.1163/18763316-04203002
2061:in its fight against the
2029:Conflicts in Galicia and
1505:Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
1392:had been halted and the
1074:Third Partition of Poland
1027:First Partition of Poland
1013:Third Partition of Poland
1009:First Partition of Poland
958:Franz Joseph I of Austria
834:(1215–1219) and his wife
665:Domini Georgi Regis Rusie
273:of Germanic origins (the
249:-based tribes – like the
65:annexed it in 1340–1349.
2180:Subtelny, Orest (2000).
2039:Ukrainian Insurgent Army
1465:The shift in power from
1372:In 1873, Galicia became
928:Maria Theresa of Austria
792:
554:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
513:Great Duchy of Lithuania
464:, incorporated into the
283:Wandering of the nations
114:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
16:With the arrival of the
1853:Molotov–Ribbentrop pact
1826:St. Egyden am Steinfeld
1653:, the Russians won the
1593:, the Ukrainian writer
1322:In 1866, following the
1108:which was ruled by the
606:) and Krystynopol (now
481:Principality of Galicia
175:Celtic costumes par in
32:found themselves under
2355:Stanislaw Ciesielski.
2307:Irena Grudzińska-Gross
1899:Second Polish Republic
1783:
1734:Second Polish Republic
1613:
1516:
1513:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1369:
1319:
1172:
1164:
1163:Flag of Galicia (1849)
1097:
1004:
1003:Map of Galicia in 1836
996:
980:
952:Ferdinand I of Austria
810:
468:, and the land of the
257:or "Volhynians" – the
238:
2751:Grand Duchy of Kraków
2212:Larry Wolff. (2010).
1777:
1767:Second World War and
1611:
1502:
1456:political concessions
1367:
1309:
1193:Ukraine: the history,
1170:
1162:
1095:
1067:Roman Catholic Church
1063:Greek Catholic Church
1007:Further information:
1002:
986:
978:
871:Casimir III the Great
800:
787:Casimir III of Poland
544:Galicia–Volhynia Wars
357:6th – 8th centuries:
345:4th – 5th centuries:
300:2nd – 5th centuries:
225:
63:Casimir III of Poland
2650:, 1772–1804; of the
1981:Ukrainian government
1943:Operation Barbarossa
1756:Lemko-Rusyn Republic
1687:Polish-Ukrainian War
1643:Battle of Tannenberg
1142:Markiyan Shashkevych
1082:Treaty of Schönbrunn
964:Charles I of Austria
815:Andrew II of Hungary
803:Andrew II of Hungary
623:Khmelnytsky Uprising
578:Ruthenian Voivodship
367:(later Slavicized),
38:Carpathian Mountains
2738:Free City of Cracow
2291:BBC Russian Service
2257:Miroslava Berdnik.
2126:population transfer
1717:, with capitals in
1489:Economic emigration
1421:Stanisław Tarnowski
1328:Austro-Prussian War
1239:In 1859, following
1072:In 1795, after the
995:in the 18th century
879:, Ruthenian boyar,
819:Béla III of Hungary
228:Alexander the Great
2440:Ryszard Torzecki,
2184:Ukraine: A History
2100:. You can help by
2005:General Government
1971:On June 30, 1941,
1806:Erwin von Lahousen
1784:
1679:Republic of Poland
1614:
1517:
1448:national uprisings
1370:
1320:
1287:Anatole Vakhnianyn
1267:Agenor Goluchowski
1249:Agenor Goluchowski
1221:Gregorian calendar
1212:Agenor Goluchowski
1185:Galician slaughter
1173:
1165:
1102:Congress of Vienna
1098:
1005:
997:
981:
895:Władysław Opolczyk
889:Louis I of Hungary
811:
699:Władysław Opolczyk
686:'s duke seal, 1378
684:Władysław Opolczyk
635:Great Northern War
625:(1648–54) and the
450:Vladimir the Great
448:in A.D. 981, when
239:
230:(336-323 BC) from
179:(3rd century BC),
54:Vladimir the Great
2836:
2835:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2762:Duchy of Bukovina
2568:before 1769
2563:
2554:
2545:
2536:
2522:
2511:
2130:Operation Vistula
2118:
2117:
2055:Operation Vistula
2009:Distrikt Galizien
1985:Andrey Sheptytsky
1820:under command of
1790:approved a plan (
1769:Distrikt Galizien
1703:Polish-Soviet War
1659:Siege of Przemyśl
1655:Battle of Galicia
1425:Stanisław Koźmian
1154:Rusalka dnistrova
1023:Habsburg monarchy
859:Daniel of Galicia
836:Salomea of Poland
783:Kingdom of Poland
755:Leo II of Galicia
751:Andrew of Galicia
745:Yuri I of Galicia
721:Daniel of Galicia
661:Yuri I of Galicia
564:) and Lithuania (
558:Kingdom of Poland
538:14th-Century wars
520:Roman Mstislavich
497:Daniel of Galicia
446:Primary Chronicle
306:Przeworsk culture
253:or "Gaulics" and
177:Przeworsk culture
90:Early Middle Ages
2861:
2811:
2654:, 1804–1867; of
2573:
2561:
2552:
2543:
2534:
2520:New Galicia
2518:
2509:
2499:
2498:
2488:Timeline of the
2482:
2475:
2468:
2459:
2458:
2452:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2404:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2388:on July 28, 2011
2378:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2327:
2321:
2303:Jan Tomasz Gross
2300:
2294:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2254:
2248:
2241:
2235:
2228:
2222:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2187:
2177:
2171:
2170:
2146:
2122:Yalta Conference
2113:
2110:
2092:
2085:
2047:Soviet partisans
1973:Yaroslav Stetsko
1849:Second World War
1834:
1818:Ukrainian Legion
1705:, a short-lived
1651:Aleksei Brusilov
1591:Maria Konopnicka
1525:Imperial Germany
1444:January Uprising
1340:
1339: 1848–1916
1338:
1324:Battle of Sadova
1314:(parliament) in
1283:Taras Shevchenko
1146:Yakiv Holovatsky
847:Protectorate by
765:Yuri II Boleslav
731:Leo I of Galicia
695:
680:
656:
627:Russo-Polish War
582:Belz Voivodeship
550:Boleslaw-Yuri II
524:Byzantine Empire
493:Galicia–Volhynia
491:in the state of
474:Duchy of Bohemia
330:Wielbark culture
226:Stater coin, of
206:
197:
169:
160:
96:principality of
42:Duchy of Bohemia
2869:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2788:
2712:Duchy of Warsaw
2685:
2660:Austria-Hungary
2652:Austrian Empire
2648:Habsburg Empire
2645:
2635:
2634:
2571:
2560:
2551:
2542:
2533:
2517:
2508:
2492:
2486:
2456:
2455:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2426:
2417:
2415:
2406:
2405:
2401:
2391:
2389:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2366:
2364:
2353:
2349:
2340:
2338:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2301:
2297:
2282:Sergei Berets.
2281:
2277:
2268:
2266:
2255:
2251:
2242:
2238:
2229:
2225:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2178:
2174:
2155:Russian History
2147:
2143:
2138:
2114:
2108:
2105:
2098:needs expansion
2083:
2071:Walter Schimana
1828:
1802:Wilhelm Canaris
1772:
1729:(Stanisławów).
1675:Western Galicia
1623:First World War
1619:
1580:First World War
1573:Austria-Hungary
1511:(today part of
1497:
1491:
1452:Austrian Empire
1429:Ludwik Wodzicki
1368:Galicia in 1897
1354:Austria-Hungary
1335:
1304:
1272:Meanwhile, the
1237:
1225:Cyrillic script
1197:Orest Subtelnyi
1150:Ivan Vahylevych
1090:
1055:Polish nobility
1019:
973:
916:Kings of Poland
795:
715:Roman the Great
709:
696:
687:
681:
672:
663:(1301–1308) "S
659:King's seal of
657:
648:
643:
604:Ivano-Frankivsk
584:
576:Main articles:
574:
546:
540:
485:Roman the Great
472:, ruled by the
466:Duchy of Polans
426:
418:Main articles:
416:
220:
219:
218:
217:
209:
208:
207:
199:
198:
187:
186:
185:
184:
172:
171:
170:
162:
161:
150:
138:Austria-Hungary
134:Austrian Empire
12:
11:
5:
2867:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2793:
2778:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2741:
2735:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2717:
2715:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2701:
2697:
2696:
2679:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2613:
2611:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2569:
2565:
2564:
2555:
2546:
2544:(Lemberg/Lwów)
2537:
2528:
2523:
2512:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2485:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2462:
2454:
2453:
2433:
2424:
2399:
2373:
2347:
2322:
2295:
2275:
2249:
2236:
2223:
2205:
2198:
2172:
2161:(3): 272–303.
2140:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2116:
2115:
2095:
2093:
2082:
2079:
2065:, forming the
2041:(UPA), German
1997:Stepan Bandera
1975:declared the "
1939:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1778:The emblem of
1771:
1765:
1760:Czechoslovakia
1647:Nikolai Ivanov
1627:Central Powers
1618:
1615:
1565:Western Canada
1490:
1487:
1433:Teka Stańczyka
1358:intelligentsia
1343:Count Belcredi
1303:
1300:
1236:
1233:
1229:Latin alphabet
1089:
1086:
972:
969:
968:
967:
961:
955:
949:
943:
937:
931:
925:
919:
913:
912:
911:
908:
902:
899:count palatine
886:
885:
884:
868:
867:
866:
845:
842:
822:
794:
791:
779:
778:
772:
762:
748:
742:
728:
718:
711:
710:
701:'s duke seal "
697:
690:
688:
682:
675:
673:
658:
651:
647:
644:
642:
639:
633:(1655–60) and
619:Ottoman Turkey
573:
570:
542:Main article:
539:
536:
456:took over the
415:
412:
400:
399:
385:
375:
361:
355:
349:
343:
333:
298:
211:
210:
201:
200:
192:
191:
190:
189:
188:
174:
173:
164:
163:
155:
154:
153:
152:
151:
149:
146:
140:at the end of
110:Polish Kingdom
75:Middle Germany
46:western Polans
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2866:
2855:
2854:Rusyn history
2852:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2822:
2815:
2812:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2791:
2786:
2782:
2776:
2775:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2706:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2669:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2643:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2622:
2621:
2617:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2596:
2592:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2578:
2577:
2567:
2566:
2559:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2541:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2516:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2471:
2469:
2464:
2463:
2460:
2451:
2450:83-01-11126-7
2447:
2443:
2437:
2428:
2414:on 2006-05-21
2413:
2409:
2403:
2387:
2383:
2377:
2363:on 2011-05-21
2362:
2358:
2351:
2337:on 2011-05-15
2336:
2332:
2326:
2320:
2319:0-906601-10-X
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2299:
2293:, 02/09/2009.
2292:
2288:
2286:
2279:
2265:on 2012-12-12
2264:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2240:
2233:
2227:
2220:
2215:
2209:
2201:
2199:0-8020-8390-0
2195:
2191:
2186:
2185:
2176:
2168:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2145:
2141:
2133:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2112:
2103:
2099:
2096:This section
2094:
2091:
2087:
2086:
2078:
2076:
2075:Fritz Freitag
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2025:
2020:
2017:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1969:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1893:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1832:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1816:), created a
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1781:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1701:. During the
1700:
1699:Soviet Russia
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1576:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1549:United States
1546:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1529:United States
1526:
1522:
1514:
1510:
1507:1890, modern
1506:
1501:
1496:
1486:
1482:
1480:
1479:Ukrainophiles
1476:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1417:Józef Szujski
1414:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1390:Germanisation
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1344:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1299:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1268:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1201:Franz Stadion
1198:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1169:
1161:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1125:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1094:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1001:
994:
990:
985:
977:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
909:
906:
903:
900:
896:
893:
892:
890:
887:
882:
878:
875:
874:
872:
869:
864:
860:
857:
856:
854:
850:
846:
843:
841:
837:
833:
830:
826:
823:
820:
817:, the son of
816:
813:
812:
808:
804:
799:
790:
788:
784:
776:
773:
770:
766:
763:
760:
756:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
736:
732:
729:
726:
722:
719:
716:
713:
712:
707:
706:
700:
694:
689:
685:
679:
674:
670:
666:
662:
655:
650:
649:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
611:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
583:
579:
569:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
545:
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
516:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
458:Red Ruthenian
455:
451:
447:
443:
442:Great Moravia
439:
438:Great Moravia
435:
431:
425:
421:
411:
409:
405:
398:
395:peoples from
394:
390:
386:
384:
380:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
360:
356:
354:
351:5th century:
350:
348:
344:
342:
338:
334:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
296:
292:
291:
290:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
237:
233:
229:
224:
215:
205:
196:
182:
178:
168:
159:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
82:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
31:
27:
23:
19:
2792:, 1918–1919
2772:
2764:, 1849–1918
2753:, 1846–1918
2740:, 1815–1846
2734:, 1815–1918
2723:, 1809–1815
2714:, 1809–1815
2692:West Galicia
2690:
2686:
2662:, 1867–1918
2656:Cisleithania
2646:part of the
2629:
2574:
2562:(Czernowitz)
2535:(Neu Sandez)
2441:
2436:
2427:
2416:. Retrieved
2412:the original
2402:
2390:. Retrieved
2386:the original
2376:
2365:. Retrieved
2361:the original
2350:
2339:. Retrieved
2335:the original
2325:
2310:
2298:
2284:
2278:
2267:. Retrieved
2263:the original
2252:
2244:
2239:
2231:
2226:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2183:
2175:
2158:
2154:
2144:
2119:
2106:
2102:adding to it
2097:
2028:
2021:
2013:
1970:
1963:
1940:
1923:
1896:
1889:
1822:Roman Sushko
1814:Richard Yary
1798:Fifth column
1791:
1785:
1768:
1746:
1731:
1715:voivodeships
1707:Galician SSR
1672:
1639:East Prussia
1631:Russian Army
1620:
1603:Ivan Pylypiv
1599:Osyp Oleskiv
1584:
1577:
1541:
1518:
1483:
1464:
1436:
1432:
1415:, including
1410:
1406:Galicia Diet
1402:Cisleithania
1373:
1371:
1347:
1332:Franz Joseph
1321:
1271:
1264:
1261:
1253:Galicia Diet
1238:
1209:
1205:
1192:
1191:In his work
1189:
1174:
1153:
1138:
1126:
1122:
1099:
1088:1815 to 1860
1078:West Galicia
1071:
1051:
1020:
1017:West Galicia
993:West Galicia
989:East Galicia
905:Emeric Bebek
880:
877:Dmitry Detko
855:(1245–1338)
839:
831:
780:
704:
702:
668:
664:
612:
608:Chervonohrad
594:population.
588:voivodeships
585:
547:
517:
515:and Poland.
501:Golden Horde
478:
470:White Croats
427:
420:Red Ruthenia
414:Red Ruthenia
401:
397:Central Asia
393:Turco-Mongol
297:(west part),
287:Roman Empire
254:
250:
240:
128:in 1772 the
118:Polish Crown
83:
26:White Croats
15:
2803:after 1919
2687:New Galicia
2597:, ca. 1769
2219:government.
1903:Belarusians
1857:Curzon line
1829: [
1754:formed the
1727:Stanyslaviv
1637:and German
1621:During the
1595:Ivan Franko
1545:New England
1471:Russophiles
1279:Russophiles
1177:revolutions
1136:(Lemberg).
849:White Horde
757:, the last
528:Alexios III
454:Kievan Rus'
406:as well as
265:of Celtic,
148:Tribal area
142:World War I
67:Low Germans
58:Kievan Rus'
2843:Categories
2769:1918–1919
2758:1849–1918
2747:1846–1849
2728:1815–1846
2708:1809–1815
2700:1803–1809
2678:1795–1803
2670:1789–1795
2623:1775–1789
2604:1772–1775
2588:1769–1772
2558:Chernivtsi
2553:(Tarnopol)
2418:2013-04-08
2367:2013-02-13
2341:2013-02-13
2269:2013-04-08
2136:References
1911:Kazakhstan
1793:Fall Weiss
1697:, against
1521:emigration
1493:See also:
1475:Ukrainians
1438:Stańczyk's
1394:censorship
1296:Ukrainians
1274:Ruthenians
1112:, and the
1039:annexation
863:Dorohychyn
631:The Deluge
434:Red Croats
391:and other
369:Hungarians
341:Sarmatians
318:Bastarnaes
122:1569 union
86:East Slavs
18:Hungarians
2638:Auschwitz
2531:Nowy Sącz
2510:(Zamosch)
2043:Wehrmacht
2035:Home Army
2016:aryanized
1951:Wehrmacht
1907:Armenians
1883:) of the
1873:Drohobych
1869:Stanislav
1788:Wehrmacht
1673:In 1918,
1569:New World
1440:Portfolio
1386:Ruthenian
1382:Ukrainian
1350:Ausgleich
1310:Galician
1227:with the
1175:In 1848,
1047:Ruthenian
1043:Ukrainian
1035:Hungarian
966:1916–1918
960:1848–1916
954:1835–1848
948:1792–1835
942:1790–1792
936:1780–1790
924:1569–1772
918:1387–1569
775:Liubartas
759:Ruthenian
708:" (~1387)
600:Ukrainian
592:Ruthenian
373:Pechenegs
337:Scythians
275:Przeworsk
255:Bolihinii
144:in 1918.
104:into the
34:Hungarian
22:Vistulans
2816:Galicia
2790:Komancza
2582:Moldavia
2549:Ternopil
2392:April 8,
2109:May 2010
2081:Post-war
2031:Volhynia
1881:Volhynia
1877:Ternopil
1841:Volhynia
1711:Ternopil
1667:Russians
1509:Prnjavor
1398:Austrian
1374:de facto
1291:Prosvita
1289:and the
1257:autonomy
1216:Polonize
1114:Ternopil
741:in 1272.
727:in 1240.
596:Armenian
566:Volhynia
556:and the
489:Volhynia
462:Lendians
404:Lendians
383:Karaites
314:Lacringi
310:Hasdingi
112:and the
102:Volhynia
79:Austrian
52:), when
30:Lendians
2798:, 1918
2796:Romania
2777:, 1918
2684:, 1795
2618:, 1772
2610:, 1772
2595:Austria
2059:Germany
1892:Siberia
1635:Galicia
1561:Podolia
1118:Podolia
1025:in the
881:starost
865:in 1253
646:Princes
641:Galicia
615:Tartars
562:Galicia
532:Russian
526:led by
365:Bulgars
302:Vandals
295:Anartes
267:Vandals
259:Lugians
232:Trepcza
98:Galicia
94:Rurikid
88:in the
71:Prussia
2774:Poland
2721:Russia
2526:Kraków
2515:Lublin
2506:Zamość
2448:
2317:
2196:
2045:, and
2037:(AK),
2024:Belzec
1851:, the
1837:Abwehr
1752:Lemkos
1738:Poland
1719:Kraków
1693:, the
1663:Kraków
1587:Brazil
1557:Canada
1553:Brazil
1537:Canada
1535:, and
1533:Brazil
1467:Vienna
1460:Kraków
1413:Kraków
1400:part (
1378:Polish
1245:Vienna
1181:Kraków
1148:, and
1130:Kraków
1059:Vienna
1015:, and
667:", "S
602:, now
408:Rusyns
389:Tatars
379:Cumans
326:Gepids
279:Púchov
263:Cotini
251:Galice
247:Celtic
81:rule.
50:Nestor
28:, and
2785:Lemko
2642:Zator
2502:Area
1993:OUN-B
1947:Gulag
1833:]
1749:Rusyn
853:Khans
807:queen
805:with
801:King
793:Kings
769:Maria
735:Kholm
725:Kholm
505:Kholm
430:White
359:Slavs
353:Avars
322:Goths
271:Goths
243:Roman
236:Sanok
234:/ n.
69:from
2781:WUPR
2689:(or
2640:and
2540:Lviv
2446:ISBN
2394:2013
2315:ISBN
2194:ISBN
2063:USSR
1966:Lviv
1959:NKGB
1957:and
1955:NKVD
1915:NKVD
1875:and
1865:Lviv
1861:USSR
1845:USSR
1723:Lviv
1691:Kiev
1649:and
1427:and
1316:Lviv
1312:Sejm
1134:Lviv
1110:Tsar
1045:(or
991:and
829:lat.
753:and
739:Lviv
617:and
580:and
509:Lviv
432:and
422:and
347:Huns
324:and
277:and
269:and
261:and
73:and
2719:to
2593:to
2163:doi
2104:.
2007:as
1919:FSB
1810:OUN
1709:in
1563:to
1384:or
1334:I (
851:of
737:to
610:).
452:of
320:;
308:, =
56:of
2845::
2787:,
2783:,
2695:)
2658:,
2644:;
2309:,
2305:,
2289:.
2192:.
2190:73
2159:42
2157:.
2153:.
2132:.
2073:,
2026:.
2011:.
1887:.
1871:,
1867:,
1831:de
1804:,
1744:.
1721:,
1575:.
1555:,
1539:.
1531:,
1515:).
1423:,
1419:,
1337:r.
1231:.
1144:,
1084:.
1011:,
838:,
789:.
476:.
381:,
371:,
339:,
316:);
312:,
24:,
2481:e
2474:t
2467:v
2421:.
2396:.
2370:.
2344:.
2287:.
2272:.
2202:.
2169:.
2165::
2111:)
2107:(
1812:(
1782:.
1477:(
1435:(
1318:.
1294:"
1277:"
671:"
332:)
328:(
304:(
216:.
183:.
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