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Giovanni Garbini, (McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, Toronto), General Eds, Bernard S. Myers, New York, Trewin Copplestone, London, c 1966. Numerous examples of the
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that had to be rolled over the soft clay to leave an imprint. From the 12th century BC the previous designs were largely abandoned in favor of
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the stamp seals were common, largely because they served to authenticate legal documents, such as tax receipts, contracts, wills and decrees.
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The oldest stamp seals were button-shaped objects with primitive ornamental forms chiseled onto them. The stamp seals were replaced in the
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and its impression. The impression rotated clockwise 90 degrees probably yields a version of the
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Early Cretan seals: a study of chronology (Marburger
Studien zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte, Bd. 4)
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An impression of a cast copper-alloy seal matrix of medieval date (14th century AD)
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Indus seal, (with modern impression); from ca. mid- to late-3rd millennium BC.(?)
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The
History of Marks from Antiquity to the Middle Ages
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maintained the tradition in their commercial stamps.
235:Stamp seals (bottom row), cylinder seals (top row)
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433:Vikan, Gary (1991-01-01). "Stamps, Commercial".
374:Landmarks of the World's Art, The Ancient World,
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271:Ancient Near Eastern seals and sealing practices
415:Critical Approaches to Ancient Near Eastern Art
412:Brown, Brian A.; Feldman, Marian H. (2013).
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189:probably had a different function from the
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
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40:This article includes a list of general
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191:stamp seals of the Minoan civilization
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435:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
46:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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467:Detail of Stamp seal-Medium Res
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486:Oriental Institute of Chicago
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158:around the first century BC;
475:mcclungmuseum.utk.edu—
403:Di Palma, Salvatore (2015).
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437:. Oxford University Press.
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247:Signaculum PRIMIT ("first")
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482:Gazelle Head, Stamp seal
407:. Société des écrivains.
318:Brown & Feldman 2013
61:more precise citations.
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418:. Walter de Gruyter.
213:Meru-the Answerer of
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384:Yule, Paul (1981).
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452:978-0-19-504652-6
187:Indus stamp-seals
152:introduced their
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123:6th millennium BC
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302:References
286:LMLK seals
155:signaculum
111:stamp seal
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42:references
167:antiquity
160:Byzantine
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265:See also
119:seal die
103:Urartian
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367:Sources
290:Lachish
197:Gallery
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