509:. Illich looked askance at the liberal pity or conservative imperiousness that motivated the rising tide of global industrial development. He viewed such emissaries as a form of industrial hegemony and, as such, an act of "war on subsistence". He sought to teach missionaries dispatched by the Church not to impose their own cultural values. "Throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s, CIDOC was part language school and part free university for intellectuals from all over the Americas." At the CIDOC, "Illich was able to develop his potent and highly influential critique of Third World development schemes and their fresh-faced agents: Kennedy's Alliance for Progress, the
849:' on such basic human activities as health, agriculture, home-building, and learning, leading to a 'war on subsistence' that robs peasant societies of their vital skills and know-how. The result of much economic development is very often not human flourishing but 'modernized poverty', dependency, and an out-of-control system in which the humans become worn-down mechanical parts." Illich proposed that we should "invert the present deep structure of tools" in order to "give people tools that guarantee their right to work with independent efficiency."
418:. At Incarnation, Illich preached under the name of "John Illich", at the suggestion of the parish's pastor, who said that the name Ivan "sounded communist". At Incarnation, Illich rose to prominence as an ally of the large Puerto Rican community in Washington Heights, organizing cultural outlets for them, such as the San Juan Fiesta, a celebration of Puerto Rico and its patron saint which eventually evolved into the still-extant
615:... I loved Goodman very much, but not from the beginning. In 1951, as a twenty-six-year-old man newly arrived in New York, I went to a public debate. This strange person arrived and fascinated everybody with his way of presenting himself. I was just then having my first experiences of sitting through cold turkey with neighbourhood kids from Washington Heights, and this guy carefully phrased his proposal that New York
486:, forbidding Illich from any official role in the organization's Latin American bureau, Illich maintained the support of the influential priest John J. Considine, who continued to push for Illich to have a role in training the Church's missionaries, personally funding trips to Mexico in order for Illich to scout locations.
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adults. Well, I was shocked! I would not have suspected that within three of four years we would be good friends and that during the last part of his life he would spend considerable time with me in
Cuernavaca. I consider Goodman one of the great thinkers I've known, and also a tender, touching person.
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report. While he was not convicted or punished by the
Vatican, it was then that he decided to renounce active priesthood. In 1976, apparently concerned by the influx of formal academics and the potential side effects of its own "institutionalization", Illich shut the center down with consent from the
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in education is the bone in the throat that is choking the public educators." Yet, unlike libertarians, Illich opposes not merely publicly funded schooling, but schools as such. Thus, Illich's envisioned disestablishment of schools aimed not to establish a free market in educational services, but to
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Health, argues Illich, is the capacity to cope with the human reality of death, pain, and sickness. Technology can benefit many; yet, modern mass medicine has gone too far, launching into a godlike battle to eradicate death, pain, and sickness. In doing so, it turns people into risk-averse consuming
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In his 1968 speech at the
Conference on InterAmerican Student Projects (CIASP), Illich strongly opposes the presence of American Roman Catholic missionaries, the Peace Corps and organizations like the CIASP themselves - who invited him to speak - in Mexico. Illich says that the presence of American
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As a historian, I saw that it violated the
American tradition of Church and State separation. As a politician, I predicted that there wasn't enough strength in Catholic ranks to create a meaningful platform and that failure of McManus's party would be disastrous on the already frail prestige of the
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The final sentence, above, clarifies Illich's view that education's institutionalisation fosters society's institutionalisation, and so de-institutionalising education may help de-institutionalize society. Further, Illich suggests reinventing learning and expanding it throughout society and across
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The operation of a peer-matching network would be simple. The user would identify himself by name and address and describe the activity for which he sought a peer. A computer would send him back the names and addresses of all those who had inserted the same description. It is amazing that such a
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Universal education through schooling is not feasible. It would be no more feasible if it were attempted by means of alternative institutions built on the style of present schools. Neither new attitudes of teachers toward their pupils nor the proliferation of educational hardware or software (in
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of all of life. He went on to critique modern mass medicine. Illich was highly influential among intellectuals and academics. He became known worldwide for his progressive polemics about how activity expressive of truly human values could be preserved and expanded in human culture in the face of
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decriminalize all substances you can ingest, because otherwise the city of New York would become an unlivable city within the next few years. He had recently played a major part in getting a law passed which recognized that the state should not interfere with the private activities of consenting
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In his several influential books, he argued that the overuse of the benefits of many modern technologies and social arrangements undermines human values and human self-sufficiency, freedom, and dignity. His in-depth critiques of mass education and modern mass medicine were especially, pointed,
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which heighten the opportunity for each one to transform each moment of his living into one of learning, sharing, and caring. We hope to contribute concepts needed by those who conduct such counterfoil research on education—and also to those who seek alternatives to other established service
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in recent decades of so many of life's vicissitudes—birth and death, for example—frequently caused more harm than good and rendered many people in effect lifelong patients. He marshalled a body of statistics to show what he considered the shocking extent of post-operative side-effects and
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773:, a radical critique of educational practice in "modern" economies. Claiming examples of institutionalised education's ineffectiveness, Illich endorses self-directed education, supported by intentional social relations, in fluid informal arrangements:
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After Illich disobeyed a direct order from McManus forbidding all priests from dining with
Governor Muñoz, McManus ordered Illich to leave his post at the university, describing his presence as "dangerous to the Diocese of Ponce and its institutions."
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Ellen Illich traveled to Vienna to be attended by the best doctors during birth. Ivan's father was not living in
Central Europe at the time. When Ivan was three months old, he was taken along with his nurse to Split, Dalmatia (by then part of the
269:, argues that industrialised society widely impairs quality of life by overmedicalising life, pathologizing normal conditions, creating false dependency, and limiting other more healthful solutions. Illich called himself "an errant pilgrim."
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Illich mentions being baptized on
Vidovdan, the Day of Great Liberation which appears to be in summer. This is an unresolved discrepancy in his account. There is no mention of which religion he was baptized. Contextually it appears to be
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In the 1980s and beyond, Illich traveled extensively, mainly splitting his time between the United States, Mexico, and
Germany. He held an appointment as a Visiting Professor of Philosophy, Science, Technology, and Society at
917:"do-gooders" is causing more harm than good. Rather, he suggests that the Americans should travel to Latin America as tourists or students, or else stay in their homeland, where they can at least know what they are doing.
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In 1942, Ellen Illich and her three children—Ivan, Alexander, and
Michael—left Vienna, Austria for Florence, Italy, escaping the Nazi persecution of Jews. Illich finished high school in Florence, and then went on to study
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Ivan Illich called himself "an errant pilgrim", "a wandering Jew and a
Christian pilgrim", while clearly acknowledging his Dalmatian roots. He remarked that since leaving the old house of his grandparents on the island
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elites in industrial society, and the need to develop new instruments for the reconquest of practical knowledge by the average citizen. He wrote that "lite professional groups ... have come to exert a '
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but converted to Catholicism upon marriage. Her father, Friedrich "Fritz" Regenstreif, was an industrialist who made his money in the lumber trade in Bosnia, later settling in Vienna, where he built an
388:, as he wanted to become a Catholic priest. He was ordained as a Catholic priest in Rome in 1951 and served his first Mass in the catacombs where the early Roman Christians hid from their persecutors.
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classroom or bedroom), nor finally the attempt to expand the pedagogue's responsibility until it engulfs his pupils' lifetimes will deliver universal education. The current search for new educational
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them, without limits, is a corruption that Illich detailed in his analyses of modern Western institutions, including education, charity, and medicine, among others. Illich often used the Latin phrase
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Puerto Rican Church. As a theologian, I believe that the Church must always condemn injustice in the light of the Gospel, but never has the right to speak in favor of a specific political party.
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After ten years, critical analysis from the CIDOC of the institutional actions by the Church brought the organization into conflict with the Vatican. Unpopular with the local chapter of
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criticises modern society's institutional approach to education, an approach that constrains learning to narrow situations in a fairly short period of the human lifespan. His 1975 book
816:, he asserted, "We can disestablish schools, or we can deschool culture." In fact, he called advocates of free-market education "the most dangerous category of educational reformers."
841:. In this newer work, Illich generalizes the themes that he had previously applied to the educational field: the institutionalization of specialized knowledge, the dominant role of
493:, Mexico, where he founded the Center of Intercultural Formation (CIF) in 1961, originally as a missionary training center. As the center became more influential, it became the
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that abandons the myths of modern societies and looks for other new stories that help us make sense of modernity, drew their inspiration from the ideas of Ivan Illich.
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719:. He argued the oppressive structure of the school system could not be reformed. It must be dismantled in order to free humanity from the crippling effects of the
430:, "a position he managed to keep for several years before getting thrown out—Illich was just a little too loud in his criticism of the Vatican's pronouncements on
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other members of the CIDOC. Several of the members subsequently continued language schools in Cuernavaca, some of which still exist. Illich, who had been made a
497:(CIDOC, or Intercultural Documentation Center), ostensibly a research center offering language courses to missionaries from North America and volunteers of the
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for their positions in favor of birth control and divorce. The bishops also started their own rival Catholic party. Illich later summarized his opposition:
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343:), to be shown to his paternal grandfather. There he was baptized on 1 December 1926. In 1929 twin boys, Alexander and Michael, were born in the family.
290:, to Gian Pietro Ilic (Ivan Peter Illich) and Ellen Rose "Maexie" née Regenstreif-Ortlieb. His father was a civil engineer and a diplomat from a landed
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568:. During the last days of his life he admitted that he was greatly influenced by one of the Indian economists and adviser to M. K. Gandhi,
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at 33, himself resigned from the active priesthood in the late 1960s but continued to identify as a priest and occasionally performed private
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with having "radically obliged" Illich to revise his thinking and is described with great affection in Illich's 1990s interviews with
697:, it invites any believer to seek God's face in everyone encountered. Describing this new possibility for love, Illich refers to the
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399:, the language of his grandfathers, then Ancient Greek and Latin, in addition to Portuguese, Hindi, English, and other languages.
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2848:— an open access, interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed annual publication engaging the thought/writing of Ivan Illich and his circle.
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372:, a subject to which he would return in his later years. While working on his doctorate, he returned to Italy where he studied
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Edited by Jane C. Kendall, et al., vol. 1, National Society for Internships and Experiential Education, 1990, pp. 314–320
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2301:"Computers For Their Own Sake: From the Dompier Music to the 1980 Computer Faire, An Interview with Lee Felsenstein (Part 2)"
2267:"Convivial Cybernetic Devices, From Vacuum Tube Flip-Flops to the Singing Altair, An Interview with Lee Felsenstein (Part 1)"
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In the 1970s, Illich was popular among leftist intellectuals in France, his thesis having been discussed in particular by
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Solomon Victus, Jesus and Mother Economy: An Introduction to the Theology of J.C.Kumarappa, New Delhi: ISPCK, 2007.
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persons' lifespans. Particularly striking in 1971 was his call for advanced technology to support "learning webs":
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with the hope of gaining legal residency as he was undocumented. He wrote a dissertation focusing on the historian
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The end of Illich's tenure at the university came in 1960 as the result of a controversy involving bishops
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The Political Necessity of Transpersonal Work: Deep Democracy's Potential to Transform Polarized Conflicts
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objects, turning healing into mere science, turning medical healers into mere drug-surgical technicians.
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2786:"Symposium: Radical Nemesis: Re-Envisioning Ivan Illich's Theories on Social Institutions: Foreword"
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drug-induced illness in advanced industrial society. He introduced to a wider public the notion of
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attracted worldwide attention. A résumé of it was published by French social philosopher
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The Rivers North of the Future - The Testament of Ivan Illich as told to David Cayley
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Combining Service and Learning: A Resource Book for Community and Public Service.
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simple utility has never been used on a broad scale for publicly valued activity.
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Waks, Leonard J. (1991). "Ivan Illich and Deschooling Society: A Reappraisal".
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Power in the Highest Degree: Professionals and the Rise of a New Mandarin Order
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Hoinacki, Lee; Mitcham, Carl, eds. (July 2002). The Challenges of Ivan Illich.
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must be reversed into the search for their institutional inverse: educational
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Die philosophischen Grundlagen der Geschichtsschreibung bei Arnold J. Toynbee
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2190:(Repr. ed.). London: Writers and Readers Pub. Cooperative. p. 48.
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Illich, Ivan (1994). 'Health as one's own responsibility: no thank you!',
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Silencing Ivan Illich: A Foucauldian Analysis of Intellectual Exclusion
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Disoccupazione creativa (Creative Disoccupation), Italy, Italian, 1977
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This article is about the Austrian philosopher. For the novella, see
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attain a fundamental shift: a deschooled society. In his 1973 book
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2805:. Philosophy and Technology. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 57–73.
2127:"The Return of 'The Vernacular': A conversation with Sajay Samuel"
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The Prophet of Cuernavaca: Ivan Illich and the Crisis of the West
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The Prophet of Cuernavaca: Ivan Illich and the Crisis of the West
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The prophet of Cuernavaca: Ivan Illich and the crisis of the west
715:, published in 1971, was a groundbreaking critique of compulsory
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Beyond Economics and Ecology: The Radical Thought of Ivan Illich
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In the Vineyard of the Text: A Commentary to Hugh's Didascalicon
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in Washington Heights, at that time a barrio of newly-arrived
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Derber, Charles; Schwartz, William A.; Magrass, Yale (1990).
2455:. Vol. 1. London: Calder & Boyars. pp. 918–21.
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relevant; and perhaps, more timely now than during his life.
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Illich believed that the Biblical God taking human form, the
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1538:. Toronto, Canada: House of Anansi Press. pp. 47, 110.
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Europe, America, and Technology: Philosophical Perspectives
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Bruno-Jofré, Rosa; Zaldívar, Jon Igelmo (October 1, 2012).
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Illich, Ivan (2002). Hoinacki, Lee; Mitcham, Carl (eds.).
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Blasphemy: A Radical Critique of Our Technological Culture
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in print, he was closely associated with major figures in
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Following his departure from Puerto Rico, Illich moved to
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Despite this display of insubordination and an order from
1229:. We the People. Morristown, NJ: Aaron Press. July 1995.
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amid the creation of his planned, new learning centre.
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The Challenges of Ivan Illich: A Collective Reflection
241:; 4 September 1926 – 2 December 2002) was an Austrian
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2517:(April 25, 1970). "Profiles: The Rules of the Game".
906:(1820–1910). Others have since voiced similar views.
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Illich, Ivan. "To Hell with Good Intentions". 1968.
2314:(2). Computer History Association of California: 8.
2280:(1). Computer History Association of California: 2.
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Divine Disobedience: Profiles in Catholic Radicalism
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Ivan Dominic Illich was born on 4 September 1926 in
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2636:Winkler, J.T. The intellectual celebrity syndrome.
1993:Todd, Andrew; La Cecla, Franco (December 9, 2002).
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2534:Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology
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767:Illich gained public attention with his 1971 book
402:Following his ordination in 1951, he moved to the
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3829:Jewish emigrants from Austria after the Anschluss
1937:. State University of New York Press. p. 60.
1879:"Editorial - 'Deschooling Society by Ivan Illich'
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2254:(in French). Encyclopédie scientifique en ligne.
666:. His lifework's leading thesis is that Western
302:and wine and olive oil estates on the island of
249:, philosopher, and social critic. His 1971 book
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2084:"Ivan Illich - Austrian philosopher and priest"
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724:multiple thundering forces of de-humanization.
310:family that had converted to Christianity from
16:Austrian philosopher and theologian (1926–2002)
2368:Illich, Ivan; Brown, Jerry (January 1, 2013).
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1137:. Dallas Institute of Humanities and Culture.
3711:The Soul at Work: From Alienation to Autonomy
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2401:Twentieth-century European cultural theorists
1610:. Toronto: House of Anansi Press. p. 79.
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581:While Illich never referred to himself as an
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1992:
1406:Anheier, Helmut K.; Toepler, Stefan (2009).
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1155:ABC: The Alphabetization of the Popular Mind
540:. However, his influence declined after the
2845:The International Journal of Illich Studies
2403:. Detroit, Mich.: Gale Group. p. 212.
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1408:International Encyclopedia of Civil Society
406:in order to pursue postgraduate studies at
3799:Advocates of unschooling and homeschooling
3141:All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy
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3620:In Praise of Idleness and Other Essays
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2215:. Berkeley: Heyday Books. p. 78.
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1107:
1086:
1065:
1046:
1014:
953:
934:
754:
657:
3819:Pennsylvania State University faculty
3564:Anekdote zur Senkung der Arbeitsmoral
2857:
2687:Wtp.org: Ivan Illich with Jerry Brown
2556:
2374:. Marion Boyars Publishers, Limited.
2152:"Deschooling Society, by Ivan Illich"
1738:
1721:
1658:
1580:
1458:. New York: SUNY Press. p. 234.
1152:Illich, Ivan; Sanders, Barry (1988).
495:Centro Intercultural de Documentación
236:
2883:
2800:
2783:
2124:
1804:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1449:
1447:
1316:. Marion Boyars Publishers Limited.
670:, perverting Christianity, corrupts
484:National Catholic Welfare Conference
3824:Austrian people of Croatian descent
2840:of Ivan Illich's speeches and books
2644:Wright, Pearce (January 11, 2003).
2622:. New York: Austin & Winfield.
2021:"Ivan Illich as an esoteric writer"
1565:
23:. For the Russian philosopher, see
13:
3869:20th-century Austrian philosophers
3794:Critics of work and the work ethic
2550:
2019:Cayley, David (January 16, 2019).
2012:
1805:Gray, Francine du Plessix (1970).
1712:
876:
749:
646:Illich died on 2 December 2002 in
428:Catholic University of Puerto Rico
14:
3920:
3613:Future Primitive and Other Essays
2831:
1739:Madar, Chase (February 1, 2010).
1700:"La résistance selon Ivan Illich"
1622:
1612:
1518:
1444:
1218:Journal of Consciousness Studies,
1135:O and the Waters of Forgetfulness
680:Corruptio optimi quae est pessima
662:Illich followed the tradition of
3537:The Working Class Goes to Heaven
2733:10.1111/j.1741-5446.2012.00464.x
1678:Paquot, Thierry (January 2003).
1049:The Right to Useful Unemployment
920:
552:took control of the government.
482:, then general secretary of the
179:
3697:The Revolution of Everyday Life
2361:
2348:
2337:
2326:
2292:
2258:
2240:
2229:
2204:
2179:
2168:"Disestablish Public Education"
2158:
2144:
2125:Hine, Dougald (July 12, 2011).
2118:
2104:
2090:
2076:
2063:
2038:
1986:
1972:. House of Anansi. p. 80.
1961:
1926:
1897:
1888:
1871:
1829:
1817:
1798:
1751:
1706:
1692:
1220:vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 25–31.
1202:. University of Chicago Press.
1023:. London: Calder & Boyars.
382:Pontifical Gregorian University
347:Work in Europe and the Americas
298:, with property in the city of
3884:Literacy and society theorists
3648:On the Poverty of Student Life
3512:Swedish Public Freedom Service
3491:Theater, movies, music and art
3299:Occupational safety and health
3114:Terminology and related topics
2790:Western New England Law Review
2429:. New York, Harper & Row.
1715:"BLUE: OBITUARY - Ivan Illich"
1599:
1574:
1559:
1536:The Rivers North of the Future
1492:
1424:
1399:
624:
1:
3854:Austrian Christian socialists
3683:The Human Use of Human Beings
2663:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12233-7
2461:10.1016/s0140-6736(74)90361-4
2392:
2299:Crosby, Kip (February 1996).
2265:Crosby, Kip (November 1995).
1857:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12233-7
1613:
1456:The Cultivation of Conspiracy
801:According to a review in the
699:Parable of the Good Samaritan
558:Pennsylvania State University
326:). Ellen Illich was baptized
277:
3655:The Society of the Spectacle
3525:The Future of Work and Death
3193:Extermination through labour
1314:Beyond Economics and Ecology
911:To Hell with Good Intentions
807:, "Illich's advocacy of the
704:
272:
7:
3599:Critique of Economic Reason
2811:10.1007/978-94-011-3242-8_4
2603:. Oxford University Press.
2557:Brown, Jerry (March 2003).
1970:Ivan Illich in Conversation
1906:Ivan Illich in Conversation
1644:. Oxford University Press.
1608:Ivan Illich in Conversation
1335:
1250:Ivan Illich in Conversation
638:, he had never had a home.
10:
3925:
3784:Philosophers of technology
3738:Situationist International
3518:Take This Job and Shove It
3440:Technological unemployment
2559:"A Voice for Conviviality"
2114:Gran Encyclopedia Catalana
1292:Corruption of Christianity
825:
760:
18:
3834:Clergy from Bremen (city)
3779:Philosophers of education
3720:
3553:
3490:
3413:Right to rest and leisure
3252:Honeymoon-hangover effect
3136:Aktion Arbeitsscheu Reich
3113:
3032:
2891:
2838:David Tinapple Collection
2748:Gajardo, Marcela (1993).
2515:du Plessix Gray, Francine
2384:– via Google Books.
2213:Toward a history of needs
2131:The Dark Mountain Project
2071:The First Epistle of John
1933:Farias, Domenico (2002).
1745:The American Conservative
1554:he were, but as Christ...
1435:A Dictionary of Sociology
1410:. Springer. p. 848.
1180:In the Mirror of the Past
1069:Toward a History of Needs
736:The Dark Mountain Project
601:. Goodman is credited in
572:, most notably his book,
459:Governor Luis Muñoz Marín
412:Church of the Incarnation
306:. His mother came from a
168:
145:
127:
117:
107:
103:
84:
58:
49:
34:
3904:Historians of technology
2188:After deschooling, what?
2045:Taylor, Charles (2007).
1883:Marion Boyars Publishers
1585:. Springer. p. 34.
1581:Rowek, Marcella (2018).
1392:
937:Celebration of Awareness
814:After Deschooling, What?
641:
560:. He also taught at the
463:Popular Democratic Party
160:philosophy of technology
21:The Death of Ivan Ilyich
3571:Bartleby, the Scrivener
3531:The Main Thing Is Work!
3121:996 working hour system
2784:Levi, Jennifer (2012).
2698:KPFA, 22 March 22, 1996
2646:"Obituary: Ivan Illich"
2618:Gabbard, D. A. (1993).
2580:Oxford University Press
2248:"Définition André Gorz"
1935:In the Shadow of Jerome
1836:Wright, Pearce (2003).
939:. Calder & Boyars.
930:. Salzburg: Diss. 1951.
420:Puerto Rican Day Parade
416:Puerto Rican immigrants
155:Philosophy of education
112:Contemporary philosophy
3899:Historians of printing
3839:People from Cuernavaca
3634:Manifesto Against Work
3319:Performance punishment
3009:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
2640:, 1987 Feb.21, 1: 450.
2425:Tools for Conviviality
1968:Cayley, David (1992).
1904:Cayley, David (1992).
1826:, pp. 44 & 49
1606:Cayley, David (1992).
1568:Une question de taille
1534:Cayley, David (2005).
1441:. updated 31 May 2020.
1372:Free software movement
1352:Critique of technology
978:Tools for Conviviality
853:Tools for Conviviality
834:Tools for Conviviality
828:Tools for Conviviality
821:Tools for Conviviality
799:
789:
622:
472:
366:University of Salzburg
362:University of Florence
238:[ˈiːvanˈɪlɪtʃ]
3874:Austrian sociologists
3774:Austrian philosophers
3769:Austrian male writers
3669:The Abolition of Work
3592:The Conquest of Bread
3544:Yama—Attack to Attack
3356:Protestant work ethic
2692:May 12, 2018, at the
2597:Hartch, Todd (2015).
2399:Hansom, Paul (2001).
2308:The Analytical Engine
2274:The Analytical Engine
2211:Illich, Ivan (1977).
2186:Illich, Ivan (1976).
2173:The Libertarian Forum
2100:Enciclopedia Treccani
1910:House of Anansi Press
1877:Illich, Ivan (1999).
1780:Hartch, Todd (2015).
1765:. ISBN 9780791454220.
1741:"The People's Priest"
1685:Le Monde diplomatique
1640:Hartch, Todd (2015).
1566:Rey, Olivier (2014).
1500:"Ivan Domenic Illich"
1362:Development criticism
1312:Illich, Ivan (2013).
1270:House of Anansi Press
1254:House of Anansi Press
1198:Illich, Ivan (1993).
1177:Illich, Ivan (1992).
1158:. North Point Press.
1129:Illich, Ivan (1985).
1108:Illich, Ivan (1982).
1087:Illich, Ivan (1981).
1066:Illich, Ivan (1978).
1047:Illich, Ivan (1978).
1015:Illich, Ivan (1975).
996:Illich, Ivan (1974).
975:Illich, Ivan (1973).
954:Illich, Iván (1971).
935:Illich, Ivan (1971).
794:
775:
695:First Epistle of John
613:
575:Economy of Permanence
501:program initiated by
499:Alliance for Progress
467:
341:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
263:sociology of medicine
3894:Mass media theorists
3879:Medical sociologists
3704:The Right to Be Lazy
3627:Inventing the Future
3361:Psychological safety
3346:Productivity theater
3339:Digital presenteeism
3309:Orange S.A. suicides
3294:Occupational burnout
3033:Contemporary persons
1912:. pp. 200–201.
1824:du Plessix Gray 1970
1680:"The Non-Conformist"
1000:. Harper & Row.
981:. Harper & Row.
904:Florence Nightingale
721:institutionalization
672:Western Christianity
570:J. C. Kumarappa
562:University of Bremen
457:, who had denounced
451:James Edward McManus
408:Princeton University
137:Christian philosophy
3909:Writers from Vienna
3859:Catholic socialists
3809:Christian humanists
3482:Work–life interface
3304:Occupational stress
3247:Happiness economics
3183:Effects of overtime
3151:Bare minimum Monday
3131:Abusive supervision
3070:Claus Peter Ortlieb
2974:Henry David Thoreau
2969:Friedrich Nietzsche
2537:. New York: Knopf.
1382:Open Source Ecology
957:Deschooling Society
839:Deschooling Society
770:Deschooling Society
763:Deschooling Society
756:Deschooling Society
712:Deschooling Society
658:Philosophical views
604:Deschooling Society
566:University of Hagen
546:François Mitterrand
480:Paul Francis Tanner
261:, importing to the
252:Deschooling Society
175:Ivan Dominic Illich
63:Ivan Dominic Illich
3814:Christian radicals
3789:Critics of Marxism
3351:Professional abuse
3065:Maurizio Lazzarato
2909:Alfredo M. Bonanno
2892:Historical persons
2769:10.1007/BF02195145
2721:Educational Theory
2252:techno-science.net
2086:. August 31, 2023.
1813:. New York: Knopf.
1702:. January 1, 2003.
1377:Holistic education
1114:. Pantheon Books.
1072:. Pantheon Books.
900:iatrogenic disease
890:Limits to Medicine
862:Les Temps Modernes
664:apophatic theology
122:Western philosophy
3864:Anti-consumerists
3849:Cycling advocates
3746:
3745:
3499:À Nous la Liberté
3324:Post-work society
3218:Four-day workweek
3198:Career cushioning
3188:Employee ghosting
3085:Penelope Rosemont
3050:Madeleine Bunting
2820:978-94-010-5429-4
2629:978-1-880921-17-3
2589:978-0-19-503778-4
2523:. pp. 40–92.
2470:978-0-7145-1096-5
2436:978-0-06-080308-7
2410:978-0-7876-4659-2
2222:978-0-930588-26-7
2197:978-0-904613-36-0
1570:. Editions Stock.
1347:Critical pedagogy
1328:: Edited by Prof
1323:978-0-714531-58-8
1301:978-0-660-18099-1
1279:978-0-88784-714-1
1236:978-1-882206-02-5
1209:978-0-226-37235-8
1190:978-0-7145-2937-0
1165:978-0-86547-291-4
1144:978-0-911005-06-6
1121:978-0-394-52732-1
1100:978-0-7145-2711-6
1079:978-0-394-41040-1
1058:978-0-7145-2628-7
1043:Many reprintings.
1030:978-0-7145-1096-5
1007:978-0-06-080327-8
998:Energy and Equity
988:978-0-06-080308-7
967:978-0-06-012139-6
946:978-0-7145-0837-5
867:personal computer
804:Libertarian Forum
589:circles, notably
455:James Peter Davis
424:Cardinal Spellman
370:Arnold J. Toynbee
333:art nouveau villa
172:
171:
73:September 4, 1926
3916:
3641:New Escapologist
3418:Sampo generation
3272:Jobless employed
3177:Dolce far niente
3171:Cycle of poverty
2964:Bertrand Russell
2885:Critique of work
2878:
2871:
2864:
2855:
2854:
2824:
2797:
2780:
2763:(3–4): 711–720.
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1439:Encyclopedia.com
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1327:
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1283:
1267:
1257:
1244:interviews with
1240:
1213:
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1170:Coauthored with
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847:radical monopoly
709:His first book,
676:institutionalize
442:that Illich met
436:the nuclear bomb
240:
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88:December 2, 2002
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3716:
3676:The End of Work
3662:Steal This Book
3578:Bonjour paresse
3549:
3486:
3445:Toxic workplace
3403:Refusal of work
3376:Quiet promotion
3109:
3028:
2979:Herbert Marcuse
2954:Walter Benjamin
2944:Mikhail Bakunin
2887:
2882:
2834:
2826:Leonard J. Waks
2821:
2752:
2694:Wayback Machine
2630:
2611:
2590:
2553:
2551:Further reading
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2451:Medical Nemesis
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1019:Medical Nemesis
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885:Medical Nemesis
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878:Medical Nemesis
871:Lee Felsenstein
830:
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750:Published works
744:Paul Kingsnorth
707:
660:
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503:John F. Kennedy
358:crystallography
349:
316:Austria-Hungary
280:
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265:the concept of
258:Medical Nemesis
243:Catholic priest
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3386:Quiet thriving
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3381:Quiet quitting
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2727:(5): 573–592.
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2511:
2503:|journal=
2469:
2441:
2435:
2415:
2409:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2380:
2360:
2347:
2336:
2325:
2291:
2257:
2239:
2228:
2221:
2203:
2196:
2178:
2157:
2143:
2117:
2103:
2089:
2075:
2062:
2055:
2037:
2011:
1985:
1978:
1960:
1925:
1918:
1896:
1887:
1870:
1828:
1816:
1797:
1790:
1767:
1750:
1720:
1705:
1691:
1657:
1651:978-0190204563
1650:
1621:
1598:
1591:
1573:
1558:
1544:
1517:
1506:. May 24, 2018
1491:
1464:
1443:
1431:"iatrogenesis"
1423:
1416:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1322:
1309:
1306:
1300:
1290:, ed. (2000).
1284:
1278:
1258:
1248:, ed. (1992).
1241:
1235:
1223:
1214:
1208:
1195:
1189:
1174:
1164:
1149:
1143:
1132:
1126:
1120:
1105:
1099:
1084:
1078:
1063:
1057:
1044:
1029:
1012:
1006:
993:
987:
972:
966:
951:
945:
932:
922:
919:
913:
908:
895:medicalization
880:
875:
826:Main article:
823:
818:
761:Main article:
758:
753:
751:
748:
717:mass education
706:
703:
659:
656:
643:
640:
626:
623:
587:left-anarchist
444:Everett Reimer
348:
345:
279:
276:
274:
271:
170:
169:
166:
165:
163:
162:
157:
151:
149:
147:Main interests
146:
143:
142:
140:
139:
133:
131:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
101:
100:
94:
92:(aged 76)
86:
82:
81:
75:
62:
60:
56:
55:
47:
46:
43:
35:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3921:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3889:Media critics
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3756:
3754:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3719:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3631:
3629:
3628:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3617:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3594:
3593:
3589:
3587:
3586:
3585:Bullshit Jobs
3582:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3519:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3435:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3398:Rage applying
3396:
3392:
3391:Lazy girl job
3389:
3388:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3283:
3282:Loud quitting
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3223:Funemployment
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3213:Forced labour
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3080:Jeremy Rifkin
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3060:Michael Hardt
3058:
3056:
3055:David Graeber
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2959:Antonio Negri
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2949:Paul Lafargue
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2934:Heinrich Böll
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2899:Abbie Hoffman
2897:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2879:
2874:
2872:
2867:
2865:
2860:
2859:
2856:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2827:
2822:
2816:
2812:
2808:
2804:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2751:
2750:"Ivan Illich"
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2656:(9352): 185.
2655:
2651:
2647:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2612:
2610:9780190204587
2606:
2602:
2601:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2529:Postman, Neil
2526:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2496:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2427:
2426:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2396:
2383:
2381:9780714531588
2377:
2373:
2372:
2364:
2357:
2351:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2329:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2268:
2261:
2253:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2232:
2224:
2218:
2214:
2207:
2199:
2193:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2166:
2161:
2153:
2147:
2132:
2128:
2121:
2115:
2107:
2101:
2093:
2085:
2079:
2072:
2066:
2058:
2056:9780674026766
2052:
2048:
2047:A Secular Age
2041:
2026:
2022:
2015:
2000:
1996:
1995:"Ivan Illich"
1989:
1981:
1979:9780887845246
1975:
1971:
1964:
1956:
1944:
1936:
1929:
1921:
1919:9780887845246
1915:
1911:
1907:
1900:
1891:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1851:(9352): 185.
1850:
1846:
1839:
1838:"Ivan Illich"
1832:
1825:
1820:
1811:
1810:
1801:
1793:
1791:9780190204563
1787:
1783:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1746:
1742:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1716:
1713:Barton, Tim.
1709:
1701:
1695:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1653:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1616:
1615:
1609:
1602:
1594:
1592:9783658221133
1588:
1584:
1577:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1553:
1547:
1545:9780887848933
1541:
1537:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1505:
1501:
1495:
1487:
1475:
1467:
1465:9780791454213
1461:
1457:
1450:
1448:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1427:
1419:
1417:9780387939964
1413:
1409:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1342:Credentialism
1340:
1339:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1183:. M. Boyars.
1182:
1181:
1175:
1173:
1172:Barry Sanders
1167:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1136:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1106:
1102:
1096:
1093:. M. Boyars.
1092:
1091:
1085:
1081:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1064:
1060:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1013:
1009:
1003:
999:
994:
990:
984:
980:
979:
973:
969:
963:
959:
958:
952:
948:
942:
938:
933:
929:
925:
924:
921:List of works
918:
912:
907:
905:
901:
896:
892:
891:
886:
879:
874:
872:
868:
864:
863:
858:
854:
850:
848:
844:
840:
836:
835:
829:
822:
817:
815:
810:
806:
805:
798:
793:
788:
785:
781:
774:
772:
771:
764:
757:
747:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
722:
718:
714:
713:
702:
700:
696:
692:
687:
685:
682:, in English
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
655:
653:
649:
639:
637:
633:
621:
618:
612:
610:
606:
605:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
576:
571:
567:
563:
559:
553:
551:
547:
543:
542:1981 election
539:
534:
532:
528:
523:
519:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
487:
485:
481:
476:
471:
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
447:
445:
441:
438:." It was in
437:
433:
432:birth control
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:United States
400:
398:
394:
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
360:at the local
359:
355:
344:
342:
336:
334:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
270:
268:
264:
260:
259:
254:
253:
248:
244:
239:
231:
230:
217:
176:
167:
161:
158:
156:
153:
152:
150:
144:
138:
135:
134:
132:
130:
126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
110:
106:
102:
97:
87:
83:
78:
61:
57:
53:
48:
41:
38:
33:
30:
26:
22:
3709:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3667:
3660:
3653:
3646:
3639:
3632:
3625:
3618:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3562:
3542:
3535:
3523:
3506:Office Space
3504:
3497:
3477:Working poor
3462:Wage slavery
3432:
3428:Six-hour day
3371:Quiet hiring
3334:Presenteeism
3286:
3262:Job crafting
3175:
3156:Bullshit job
3100:Claire Wolfe
3095:Nick Srnicek
2989:Josef Pieper
2938:
2849:
2844:
2802:
2793:
2789:
2760:
2756:
2724:
2720:
2710:Google Books
2703:
2697:
2653:
2649:
2637:
2619:
2599:
2573:
2562:
2533:
2518:
2450:
2445:Illich, Ivan
2444:
2424:
2419:Illich, Ivan
2418:
2400:
2370:
2363:
2355:
2350:
2344:Postman 1992
2339:
2333:Illich 1974b
2328:
2311:
2307:
2294:
2277:
2273:
2260:
2251:
2242:
2231:
2212:
2206:
2187:
2181:
2171:
2160:
2146:
2134:. Retrieved
2130:
2120:
2111:(in Catalan)
2106:
2097:(in Italian)
2092:
2078:
2070:
2065:
2046:
2040:
2028:. Retrieved
2025:David Cayley
2024:
2014:
2002:. Retrieved
1999:The Guardian
1998:
1988:
1969:
1963:
1934:
1928:
1905:
1899:
1890:
1873:
1848:
1844:
1831:
1819:
1808:
1800:
1781:
1753:
1744:
1708:
1694:
1683:
1641:
1619:Catholicism.
1614:
1607:
1601:
1582:
1576:
1567:
1561:
1551:
1549:
1535:
1508:. Retrieved
1503:
1494:
1455:
1434:
1426:
1407:
1401:
1330:Sajay Samuel
1313:
1291:
1288:David Cayley
1263:
1249:
1246:David Cayley
1226:
1217:
1199:
1179:
1154:
1130:
1110:
1089:
1068:
1048:
1018:
997:
977:
956:
936:
927:
915:
910:
888:
884:
882:
877:
860:
852:
851:
843:technocratic
838:
832:
831:
820:
813:
802:
800:
795:
790:
783:
779:
776:
768:
766:
755:
740:Dougald Hine
734:
730:
726:
710:
708:
688:
683:
679:
661:
645:
628:
616:
614:
609:David Cayley
602:
591:Paul Goodman
580:
573:
554:
535:
515:
488:
477:
473:
468:
448:
401:
390:
350:
337:
281:
267:medical harm
256:
250:
174:
173:
90:(2002-12-02)
37:The Reverend
29:
3764:2002 deaths
3759:1926 births
3733:CrimethInc.
3721:Communities
3455:Psychopathy
3408:Resenteeism
3267:Job cuffing
3242:Glass cliff
3233:Uberisation
3126:Absenteeism
3105:John Zerzan
3090:Mark Slouka
2999:Max Stirner
2984:Jerry Rubin
2939:Ivan Illich
2708:, p. 0, at
2563:Utne Reader
2236:Illich 1973
2004:January 11,
1951:|work=
1482:|work=
1387:Shadow work
1367:Ecopedagogy
1268:. Toronto:
1252:. Toronto:
1090:Shadow Work
809:free market
787:industries.
691:Incarnation
625:Personality
617:immediately
595:unschooling
550:French Left
511:Peace Corps
507:Third World
440:Puerto Rico
44:Ivan Illich
3753:Categories
3728:R/antiwork
3606:Fight Club
3555:Literature
3472:Workaholic
3467:Work ethic
3450:Narcissism
3237:Gig worker
3146:Autonomism
2929:Guy Debord
2914:André Gorz
2650:The Lancet
2393:References
1845:The Lancet
1763:SUNY Press
1051:. Boyars.
869:, notably
857:André Gorz
538:André Gorz
491:Cuernavaca
378:philosophy
320:Czernowitz
294:family of
278:Early life
247:theologian
69:1926-09-04
25:Ivan Ilyin
3804:Humanists
3690:The Idler
3434:Tang ping
3329:Precariat
3257:Hush trip
3228:Ghost job
3203:Careerism
3004:Max Weber
2994:Karl Marx
2919:Bob Black
2796:(2): 341.
2777:143813429
2757:Prospects
2741:1741-5446
2672:0140-6736
2505:ignored (
2495:cite book
2479:224760852
2320:1071-6351
2286:1071-6351
1953:ignored (
1943:cite book
1484:ignored (
1474:cite book
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