Charles I of Austria

1581:'s peace plan were: (1) the moral force of right ... be substituted for the material force of arms, (2) there must be simultaneous and reciprocal diminution of armaments, (3) a mechanism for international arbitration must be established, (4) true liberty and common rights over the sea should exist, (5) there should be a renunciation of war indemnities, (6) occupied territories should be evacuated, and (7) there should be an examination of rival claims. The best outcome to the war, according to Pope Benedict XV, was an immediate restoration of the status quo without reparations or any form of forced demands. Although the plan seemed unattainable due to the severity of the war thus far, it appealed to Charles, perhaps as a way to fulfill and preserve his role as Catholic Emperor of Austria and Apostolic King of Hungary. The beatification nevertheless raised controversy over the mistaken claim that Charles authorised the use of 1553:. Naturally, Sister Maria Zita was also informed, however, as she did not care much for the Habsburg dynasty, she did not do anything with this information. She told the other sisters that her bedridden state and the coming absence of another sister worried her, and she was again advised to ask for the intercession of the Emperor, but she did not plan on doing so. That evening however, when lying in bed, she was unable to sleep because of the excruciating pain in her right leg. It is then that she decided to say a prayer of intercession and promised to start the next day with a novena to beg for the grace of beatification for the Servant of God. After praying, she did not feel the pain anymore and was able to easily fall asleep. From then on she was able to resume her duties as Mother Superior and would not suffer from any health problems with her legs for the rest of her life. 1754: 1372: 1896: 6364: 9173: 1783: 5674: 1842: 2027: 8490: 2071: 1791: 1912: 2131: 693: 1043: 1956: 1996: 8499: 2054: 580: 49: 1927: 1669: 8507: 1087: 998:, where the emperor agreed and signed the trialist manifesto under the proposed terms set by the delegation, on the condition that the Hungarian part does the same since he swore an oath on the integrity of the Hungarian crown. The delegation went the next day to Budapest where it presented the manifesto to Hungarian officials and Council of Ministers who signed the manifesto and released the king from his oath, creating a third Croatian political entity ( 1298: 320: 2088: 1211: 1329:

him, a chance that could have been seized... Clemenceau called the emperor a "rotten conscience," it's ignoble. Emperor Charles sincerely wanted peace, and therefore was despised by the whole world. A king of France, yes a king, would have had pity on our poor, exhausted, bloodlet nation. However democracy is without a heart and without entrails. When serving the powers of money, it is pitiless and inhuman.

1141:, which dethroned and banished the Habsburgs. Charles was barred from ever returning to Austria. Other male Habsburgs could only return if they renounced all intentions of reclaiming the defunct throne and accepted the status of ordinary citizens. Another law passed on the same day abolished all nobility in Austria. In Switzerland, Charles and his family briefly took residence at Castle Wartegg near 823: 843: 3097:(Hrvatska) Krunidbena zavjernica Karla IV. hrvatskom Saboru 28. prosinca 1916. (sa grbom Dalmacije, Hrvatske, Slavonije i Rijeke iznad teksta), str. 1.-4. Hrvatski Državni Arhiv./ENG. (Croatian) Coronation oath of Karl IV to Croatian Sabor (parliament), 28 December 1916. (with coat of arms of Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia and Rijeka above the text), pp. 1–4 Croatian State Archives 1198:(who had supported Charles' peace efforts in 1917) regarding a Habsburg restoration in Hungary, which meant it would receive French recognition and military backing if successful. In the event of the attempt failing, Briand would deny all involvement, which he indeed did during both attempts. Later in 1921, the Hungarian parliament formally nullified the 1713:"I have done my duty, as I came here to do. As crowned King, I not only have a right, I also have a duty. I must uphold the right, the dignity and honor of the Crown.... For me, this is not something light. With the last breath of my life I must take the path of duty. Whatever I regret, Our Lord and Savior has led me." Addressing Cardinal 1542:. Sister Maria Zita had suffered from pains in her legs since her youth, and later on would suffer from problems with her venous circulation and swellings, for which she was repeatedly treated over the years, but her health issues would not go away for good. In 1957 she became the Mother Superior of Santa Cruz Hospital in 1010:, and another one for saving the trialist monarchy. The last vote for the support of the trialist reorganization of the empire was, however, too late. On 29 October 1918, the Croatian Sabor (parliament) ended the union and all ties with Hungary and Austria, proclaimed the unification of all Croatian lands and entered the 1054:, Charles issued a carefully worded proclamation in which he recognized the Austrian people's right to determine the form of the state and "relinquish every participation in the administration of the State." He also released his officials from their oath of loyalty to him. On the same day, the Imperial Family left 683:

garrison towns. Charles's relations with his great-uncle were not intimate, and those with his uncle Franz Ferdinand were not cordial, with the differences between their wives increasing the existing tension between them. For these reasons, Charles, up to the time of the assassination of his uncle in

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asked for an armistice on 14 October based on the Fourteen Points, and two days later Charles issued a proclamation that radically changed the nature of the Austrian state. The Poles were granted full independence with the purpose of joining their ethnic brethren in Russia and Germany in what was to

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The decisive task of Christians consists in seeking, recognizing and following God's will in all things. The Christian statesman, Charles of Austria, confronted this challenge every day. To his eyes, war appeared as "something appalling". Amid the tumult of the First World War, he strove to promote

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This war without end is criminal. What is abominable is that they do not want to end it. No, they do not want. Do not try to tell me that there was no way to end it. Emperor Charles offered peace; he is the only decent man to have appeared in this war, and he was not listened to. There was, through

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The Lansing note effectively ended any efforts to keep the Empire together. One by one, the nationalities proclaimed their independence; even before the note the national councils had been acting more like provisional governments. Charles's political future became uncertain. On 31 October, Hungary

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Archduke Charles traveled to Villa Pianore, the Italian winter residence of Zita's parents, and asked for her hand; on 13 June 1911, their engagement was announced at the Austrian court. Charles and Zita were married at the Bourbon-Parma castle of Schwarzau in Austria on 21 October 1911. Charles's

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reconciliation. Even as he dealt with elements who were sworn to the goal of destroying his empire he believed that his acts of political grace would affect their conscience. These attempts were totally futile; those people had long ago lined up with our common enemies, and were far from being

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We were of course glad to meet again and became close friends. On my side feelings developed gradually over the next two years. He seemed to have made his mind up much more quickly, however, and became even more keen when, in the autumn of 1910, rumours spread about that I had got engaged to a

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was only interested in negotiating a general peace which would include Germany; Charles himself went much further in suggesting his willingness to make a separate peace. When news of the overture leaked in April 1918, Charles denied involvement until French Prime Minister

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and allow for the creation of a confederation with each national group exercising self-governance. However, the ethnic groups fought for full autonomy as separate nations, as they were now determined to become independent from Vienna at the earliest possible moment.

1546:, but the pains in her right leg also gradually became worse. By the end of 1960 she was unable to leave her bed. Despite wanting to resign her position as Mother Superior because of this, she was unable to, as there was an insufficient number of sisters. 1277:, remaining conscious almost until his last moments. His last words to his wife were "I love you so much." He was 34 years old. His remains except for his heart are still on the island, resting in state in a chapel devoted to the Emperor in the Portuguese 1620:

From the beginning, Emperor Charles conceived of his office as a holy service to his people. His chief concern was to follow the Christian vocation to holiness also in his political actions. For this reason, his thoughts turned to social assistance.

1320:, described Charles as "a dilettante, far too weak for the challenges facing him, out of his depth, and not really a politician." Others have seen Charles as a brave and honourable figure who tried to stop the war in which his Empire was drowning. 1190:), refused to support Charles's restoration. Horthy's action was declared "treasonous" by royalists. Critics suggest that Horthy's actions were more firmly grounded in political reality than those of Charles and his supporters. Indeed, 1102:

on 16 November. An uneasy truce-like situation ensued and persisted until 23 to 24 March 1919, when Charles left for Switzerland, escorted by the commander of the small British guard detachment at Eckartsau, Lieutenant Colonel

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From the beginning of his reign, Charles I favored the creation of a third, Croatian, political entity in the Empire, in addition to Austria and Hungary. In his Croatian coronation oath in 1916, he recognized the union of the

339: 798:, he was entrusted with the command of the XX. Corps, whose affections he won by his affability and friendliness. The offensive, after a successful start, soon came to a standstill. Shortly afterwards, Charles went to the 749:, attended the wedding. He was relieved to see the second-in-line to the throne in a suitable marriage, and was in good spirits, even leading the toast at the wedding breakfast. Archduchess Zita soon conceived a son, and 726:

in 1900, his children were excluded from the succession. As a result, the Emperor pressured Charles to marry. Zita not only shared Charles's devout Catholicism, but also an impeccable royal lineage. Zita later recalled:

740:, who was also my aunt and the natural confidante in such matters. He asked if the rumor was true and when told it was not, he replied, "Well, I had better hurry in any case or she will get engaged to someone else." 341: 773:. The old Emperor took steps to initiate Charles in affairs of state, but the outbreak of World War I interfered with this political education. Charles spent the first phase of the war at headquarters at 1081:

I did not abdicate, and never will I see my manifesto of 11 November as the equivalent to a cheque which a street thug has forced me to issue at gunpoint I do not feel bound by it in any way

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had threatened to invade Hungary if Charles tried to regain the throne. Princess Zita however, claimed that Charles had come to a verbal agreement with the French prime minister and foreign minister

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replied four days later that the Allies were committed to the political independence of the Czechs, Slovaks and South Slavs, and that autonomy inside the Empire was no longer enough. In fact, a

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Edward P. Keleher, "Emperor Karl and the Sixtus Affair: Politico-Nationalist Repercussions in the Reich German and Austro-German Camps, and the Disintegration of Habsburg Austria, 1916-1918."

656:) for the sake of demonstrations in scientific subjects. On the conclusion of his studies at the gymnasium, he entered the army, spending the years from 1906 to 1908 as an officer chiefly in 1706:"I am an officer with all my body and soul, but I do not see how anyone who sees his dearest relations leaving for the front can love war." Addressing Empress Zita after the outbreak of 9118: 9299: 332: 3519: 1069:

in the hope that the people of either Austria or Hungary would vote to recall him. Privately, Charles left no doubt that he believed himself to be the rightful emperor. He wrote to

1014:. The curiosity is that no act of Sabor dethroned King Charles IV, nor did it acknowledge the entering in a state union with Serbia, which is today mentioned in the preamble of the 857:

Charles succeeded to the thrones on 21 November 1916 upon the death of his great-uncle, Emperor Franz Joseph. On 2 December 1916, he assumed the title of Supreme Commander of the

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Charles succeeded to the thrones in November 1916 following the death of his great-uncle, Franz Joseph. He began secret negotiations with the Allies, hoping to peacefully end the

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between Austria and Hungary. Nothing remained of Charles's realm except the predominantly German-speaking Danubian and Alpine provinces, and he was challenged even there by the

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took over it made his memory into that of a traitor. For decades after 1945, both popular and academic interest practically disappeared, but attention has slowly returned.

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leaders have praised Charles for putting his Christian faith first in making political decisions, and for his role as a peacemaker during the war, especially after 1917.

629:, Charles' grandfather, was next in line to the Austro-Hungarian throne. However, his death in 1896 from typhoid made his eldest son, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the new 9304: 1549:

Around this time, another sister, who was an assistant of Sister Maria Zita, received printed leaflets about the life of Emperor Karl, which included prayers for his

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published letters signed by him. This led to Czernin's resignation, forcing Austria-Hungary to give Berlin full control of its armed forces, factories, and railways.

877:, as intermediary. However, the Allies insisted on Austrian recognition of Italian claims to territory and Charles refused, so no progress was made. Foreign minister 9309: 8733: 6974:

Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919.

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Edmund von Glaise-Horstenau, Die Katastrophe. Die Zertrümmerung Österreich-Ungarns und das Werden der Nachfolgestaaten, Zürich – Leipzig – Wien 1929, pp. 302–303.

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Although it has widely been cited as an "abdication", the word itself was never used in either proclamation. Indeed, he deliberately avoided using the word

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After the second failed attempt at restoration in Hungary, Charles and his pregnant wife Zita were arrested by the Hungarian authorities and imprisoned in

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Narodne novine, br. 56/90, 135/97, 8/98 – pročišćeni tekst, 113/2000, 124/2000 – pročišćeni tekst, 28/2001, 41/2001 – pročišćeni tekst, 55/2001 – ispravak

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of Charles. The miracle attributed to Charles was the scientifically inexplicable healing of the Polish-born Brazilian Sister Maria Zita Gradowska of the

7985: 1175:, encouraged by Hungarian royalists ("legitimists"), Charles sought twice in 1921 to reclaim the throne of Hungary, but failed largely because Hungary's 1059: 980: 6363: 9104: 8648: 7712: 7274: 4211: 3659: 8372: 4212:"Stamp: King Charles IV (1887-1922) (Hungary) (Coronation of Charles IV and Queen Zita) Mi:HU 189,Sn:HU 105,Yt:HU 163,Sg:HU 268,AFA:HU 163,PHu:HU 237" 889:

The Austro-Hungarian Empire was wracked by inner turmoil in the final years of the war, with escalating tension between ethnic groups. As part of his

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As the imperial train left Austria on 24 March, Charles issued another proclamation in which he confirmed his claim of sovereignty, declaring that:

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hatever the national assembly of German Austria has resolved with respect to these matters since 11 November is null and void for me and my House.

7794: 2268: 230: 7702: 7674: 7492: 7386: 7300: 1534:". On 21 December 2003, the Congregation certified, on the basis of three expert medical opinions, that a miracle in 1960 occurred through the 1508:", the first step in the process. At the beginning of the cause for canonization in 1972 his tomb was opened and his body was discovered to be 972: 7472: 7442: 5673: 5371: 4592: 2817: 1539: 6897: 1034:, advised him that he was in an impossible situation, and his best course was to temporarily give up his right to exercise sovereign power. 9279: 6956: 9444: 8723: 1932: 1504:

or campaign for his canonization began in Vienna in 1949. On 25 April 1951, the cause was transferred to Rome, and Charles was declared "

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On 31 January 2008, after a 16-month investigation, a Church tribunal recognized a second miracle attributed to Charles I. A "devout

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on 3 October 2004. The Pope also declared 21 October, the date of Charles's marriage in 1911 to Princess Zita, to be Charles's

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Charles never left Madeira. On 9 March 1922 he caught a cold in town, which developed into bronchitis and progressed to severe

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Kaiser Joseph II. harmonische Wahlkapitulation mit allen den vorhergehenden Wahlkapitulationen der vorigen Kaiser und Könige

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through diplomatic channels—and politicians in power were irritated by the Emperor's departure without explicit abdication.

865:. His coronation as King of Hungary occurred on 30 December. In 1917, Charles secretly entered into peace negotiations with 9364: 9006: 8320: 7619: 7609: 7477: 7336: 4377: 3507: 2904: 2312: 707:. They had met as children but did not see one another for almost ten years, as each pursued their education. In 1909, his 3902: 684:

1914, obtained no insight into affairs of state, but led the life of a prince not destined for a high political position.

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On 30 December 1916, Hungary issued a postage stamp featuring Charles as part of a series commemorating his coronation.

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He tried to compensate for the evaporation of the ethical power which emperor Franz Joseph had represented by offering

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on 1 April, in the presence of his wife (who was pregnant with their eighth child) and nine-year-old former

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It was during one of these visits that Charles and Zita became reacquainted. Due to Franz Ferdinand's

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into an encyclopedic article, rather than a list of quotations, please do so and remove this message.

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In 2011, the League of Prayers for the promotion of Charles's cause set up a website, and Cardinal

1255: 1099: 952: 803: 526: 6784: 5422: 533:, Charles "renounced any participation" in government affairs, but did not abdicate. However, the 9354: 8489: 8367: 8237: 7192: 6731: 6410: 6342: 6312: 6289: 6008: 5644: 5134: 1412: 1015: 319: 6766: 5521: 8890: 8833: 8715: 8553: 8281: 8264: 7513: 7412: 6965: 6851: 6688: 6430: 6282: 6252: 6216: 5980: 5069: 2697: 2130: 2038: 1900: 1790: 1535: 1389: 1142: 915: 8218: 6306: 5811: 4185: 3917:"Austria's Holy Uproar: Vatican beatification of World War I emperor triggers spirited debate" 3576: 2924: 1644: 692: 9249: 9244: 8986: 8707: 8524: 8357: 8151: 6833: 6779: 6436: 6348: 6297: 6264: 6036: 5649: 4831: 4750: 4247: 3971:"The Order of Malta Federal Association, USA is a lay religious order of the Catholic Church" 3876:"Baptist woman from Kissimmee edges Austro-Hungarian emperor toward Roman Catholic sainthood" 1940: 1904: 1586: 1557: 1187: 1123: 1119: 1042: 866: 858: 847: 791: 733: 704: 479: 175: 8896: 8839: 8253: 6330: 6276: 6270: 3749: 509:, but was unsuccessful. Despite Charles's efforts to preserve the empire by returning it to 9214: 9209: 8991: 8951: 8632: 8193: 8175: 7815: 6818: 6529: 6491: 6474: 6418: 6391: 6336: 6324: 6210: 6193: 5830: 5774: 5639: 5613: 4885: 2849: 2671: 1652: 1226: 1118:

The newly established republican government of Austria was not aware of this "Manifesto of

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S. Matković, "Tko je bio Ivo Frank?", Politički zatvorenik, Zagreb, 17/2007., no. 187, 23.

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and other parliament members and generals went to visit the emperor on 21 October 1918 in

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pp. 2–4, "Emperor of Austria, Hungary and Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia Apostolic King"

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A Mad Catastrophe: The Outbreak of World War I and the Collapse of the Habsburg Empire

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A Mad Catastrophe: The Outbreak of World War I and the Collapse of the Habsburg Empire

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Hopwood, Robert F. "The Conflict between Count Czernin and Emperor Charles in 1918."

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had joined the Allies on 14 October, and the South Slav national council declared an

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A Heart for Europe: The Lives of Emperor Charles and Empress Zita of Austria-Hungary

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The Emperor of Austria, Apostolic King of Hungary and Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia

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formally dethroned the Habsburgs and banished Charles from German-Austria for life.

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Instead, on 12 November, the day after he issued his proclamation, the independent

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The couple and their children, who joined them on 2 February 1922, lived first at

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Historians have been mixed in their evaluations of Charles and his reign. In the

1259: 1195: 1002:). After the signing, two parades were held in Zagreb, one for the ending of the 968: 890: 878: 831: 618: 506: 495: 451: 431: 403: 395: 370: 146: 69: 8498: 8312: 8287: 8208: 8170: 6856: 6562: 3562:

Index ac status causarum beatificationis servorum dei et canonizationis beatorum

9066: 9021: 9011: 8787: 8636: 8473: 6510: 6032: 5384: 4428: 1505: 1321: 1282: 1244: 1191: 1146: 1027: 1023: 964: 931: 927: 894: 807: 518: 514: 439: 107: 48: 8971: 8432: 8258: 8248: 8203: 3775: 9198: 8720: 8712: 8404: 8010: 6908: 6651: 6012: 5935: 5029: 3724:[Historian: poison gas use command by Charles I was "self-defense"]. 3252: 1946: 1550: 1527: 1406: 1358: 787: 598: 9126: 7963: 4252:

The Last Empress: The Life & Times of Zita of Austria-Hungary, 1892–1989

3004:(12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. 1920:: Bailiff Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion, with Distinction for Jerusalem 1556:

Pope John Paul II declared Charles "Blessed" in a beatification ceremony in

753:

was born 20 November 1912. Seven more children followed in the next decade.

9016: 8806: 5557: 4541: 4315:

Kaiser Karl I. Der letzte Kaiser Österreichs. Ein biografischer Bilderbogen

3726: 3121:

NDH u svetlu nemačkih dokumenata i dnevnika Gleza fon Horstenau 1941 – 1944

2227: 1481: 1416: 1310: 1219: 1138: 874: 679:. During the next few years, he carried out his military duties in various 610: 579: 5452: 3036:

The Last Empress: The Life and Times of Zita of Austria-Hungary, 1892–1989

1683: 1636:

was allegedly cured after several recent converts to Roman Catholicism in

761:

Charles, whose father had died in 1906, became heir presumptive after the

529:

broke monarchic ties to Austria by the end of October 1918. Following the

9026: 8466: 8362: 8082: 5536: 4718: 3916: 2075: 1814:

Archduke Charles of Austria, Royal Prince of Hungary, Bohemia and Croatia

1707: 1668: 1590: 1570: 1516: 1486: 1154: 1086: 919: 770: 545: 8506: 5462: 2127:

Charles and Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma had eight children together.

8919: 8862: 6222: 6125: 4051:

zu Ungarn, Böhmen, Dalmatien, Kroatien, Slawonien, Königlicher Erbprinz

3578:

The Forgotten: Catholics of the Soviet Empire from Lenin through Stalin

3297: 2974:"Charles of Austria (1887 – 1922)", Vatican News Service 1985: 1717:

after the defeat of his attempt to regain the Hungarian throne in 1921.

1582: 1455: 1297: 1286: 510: 6723: 6048: 5349: 4570: 1222:. On 1 November 1921 they were transported down the Danube aboard the 6934: 5412: 4468: 1637: 1616:

had great admiration for Emperor Charles I, of whom he was a soldier.

1561: 1543: 1531: 1266: 1233: 1210: 995: 991: 553: 487: 483: 5417: 5432: 4364:

1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War

2258: 1724: 1597: 1443: 1150: 835: 766: 637: 563:. Charles was exiled for a second time to the Portuguese island of 6111: 4140:"Foreign Pour le Mérite Awards: Foreign Awards During World War I" 3674:"Pope Benedict XV's Peace Proposal - World War I Document Archive" 3564:(in Latin). Typis polyglottis vaticanis. January 1953. p. 45. 975:

in Zagreb, President of the Croatian pro-monarchy political party

8228: 6758: 5447: 5427: 3934: 3493:

Hannes Leidinger, " Historiography 1918-Today (Austria-Hungary)"

2315:(11 June 1929 – 20 September 1968); four children. 2135: 2059: 1895: 1633: 1625: 1439: 1251: 1223: 1180: 923: 774: 708: 680: 564: 273: 4353: 4124:

Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie

4109:

Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie

4081:

Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie

3058:

David Stevenson, "The failure of peace by negotiation in 1917."

2952: 2288:(6 May 1923 – 13 September 2023); four children. 2234:(7 April 1930 – 10 January 2022); five children. 846:

Portrait of the recently crowned King Charles IV of Hungary and

8690: 5457: 3722:"Historiker: Giftgas-Einsatzbefehl durch Karl I. war "Notwehr"" 3656:"Beatification of Five Servants of God; Homily of John Paul II" 3524:

Anatole France à La Béchellerie - Propos et souvenirs 1914-1924

1648: 1429: 1285:

in Vienna. His heart and the heart of his wife are entombed in

1176: 1003: 926:

was to have a special status. However, U.S. Secretary of State

657: 641: 2993: 1202:, an act that effectively dethroned the Habsburgs in Hungary. 8700: 8683: 8676: 8669: 8652: 8642: 6155: 5442: 5437: 2318: 1888:

Military Cross for the 60th year of the reign of Franz Joseph

1655:, has been a prominent figure in the campaign for sainthood. 901:

of its peoples. In response, Charles agreed to reconvene the

842: 4147: 4037: 3550:(in German). Leipzig: S. Hirzel. p. 163 (pdf page 165). 3446:

Blessed Emperor Charles, Prince of Peace for a United Europe

2386:(5 August 1916 – 17 April 1991), grandson of 2261:(5 July 1925 – 9 June 1997); seven children. 8662: 3497:(Freie Universität Berlin, 2017) DOI: 10.15463/ie1418.10326 3362:

Uncrowned Emperor - The Life and Times of Otto von Habsburg

3164: 2359:

22 September] 1899 – 6 July 1963).

1612:

Do you know why I was named Charles at baptism? Because my

1316:

Helmut Rumpler, the head of the Habsburg commission of the

822: 3903:"Historians Question the Beatification of Blessed Charles" 3324:(in German). Vienna: Kremayr & Scheriau. p. 117. 3245:

Source Records of the Great War: 1918, the Year of Victory

1651:

has sponsored the cause. One of Charles's granddaughters,

1336:, the German commander in chief, commented in his memoirs: 9300:

Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order

4288:

The Dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, 1867-1918

4274:

Blessed Charles of Austria: A Holy Emperor and His Legacy

3460:"Charles of Austria Dies of Pneumonia in exile on Madera" 661: 4087: 3247:. Vol. VI. New York: National Alumni. p. 385. 3153: 3151: 1604:), was named after Karl. During a private audience with 1309:, he was celebrated in Austria as a military hero. When 1205: 1160: 537:

was proclaimed the following day, and in April 1919 the

3800:"Charles of Habsburg - In his Honor, Wojtyła was Karol" 3798:

Francji, Polska Misja Katolicka we (24 November 2020).

1596:

Pope John Paul II, who was born Karol Józef Wojtyła in

552:

in 1921; but failed due to the opposition of Hungary's

9240:

Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary

241:

Archduchess Charlotte, Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

3148: 1258:, and later moved to a modest residence in Quinta do 1167:

Charles IV of Hungary's attempts to retake the throne

967:; however, the suggestions were always vetoed by the 593:

Charles was born on 17 August 1887, in the Castle of

9345:

Grand Crosses of the Military Order of Maria Theresa

6017:

During his reign obtained non-hereditary royal title

4025: 4013: 4001: 3268:

Kings and Queens of Hungary, Princes of Transylvania

3187:

Stvaranje Države SHS, (Creation of the state of SHS)

1098:

was proclaimed, followed by the proclamation of the

385:; 17 August 1887 – 1 April 1922) was 3989: 3977: 1731: 1281:, in spite of several attempts to move them to the 1122:" at this time—it had been dispatched only to King 383:

Károly Ferenc József Lajos Hubert György Ottó Mária

3091: 9380:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class) 9305:Grand Crosses of the Military Order of Max Joseph 8342: 3575:Zugger, Rev Christopher Lawrence (1 April 2001). 3495:International encyclopedia of the First World War 2576:Princess Maria Annunziata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies 2317:Second marriage (1971) Princess Anna Gabriele of 1037: 1030:State Council. His last Austrian prime minister, 446:), and the last of the monarchs belonging to the 9196: 4169:Hof- und - Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Bayern 3178: 3176: 3029: 3027: 1923: 1269:. Having suffered two heart attacks, he died of 949:Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Dalmatia and Slavonia 897:demanded that the Empire allow for autonomy and 794:. In the spring of 1916, in connection with the 9310:Grand masters of the Order of the Golden Fleece 8373:Privilegiertes uniformiertes Grazer Bürgerkorps 7316:Maximilian Franz, Archbishop-Elector of Cologne 3214: 517:, Austria-Hungary hurtled into disintegration: 375:Karl Franz Josef Ludwig Hubert Georg Otto Maria 264:Karl Franz Josef Ludwig Hubert Georg Otto Maria 9375:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class 4370:Newspaper clippings about Charles I of Austria 4075: 4073: 4071: 4069: 4067: 4065: 4063: 4061: 4059: 3935:"Kaiser Karl Gebetsliga für den Völkerfrieden" 3448:. Archdiocese of Vienna K1238/05. 6 July 2005. 3359: 3227: 3126: 3033: 715:in Bohemia, from where he visited his aunt at 9385:Recipients of the Order of Bravery, 2nd class 9112: 8328: 7993: 7979: 6950: 6739: 6064: 5365: 4586: 4333:Otto d'Asburgo. L'ultimo atto di una dinastia 4117: 4102: 4049:Since 1780 official title used for princes (" 3173: 3024: 544:Charles spent the early part of his exile in 348:Charles I on the Austrian Army in World War I 30:"Karl I" redirects here. For other uses, see 3750:"Blessed Karl of Austria: A Short Biography" 3222:Public proclamation of the Sabor 29.10.1918. 3161:, Hrvatsko pravo, Zagreb, 17/1925., no. 5031 2382:married (1949) Prince Heinrich Karl Vincenz 550:two attempts to reclaim the Hungarian throne 8903:Maximilian Daublebsky Freiherr von Sterneck 8846:Maximilian Daublebsky Freiherr von Sterneck 4056: 3634:. Cambridge University Press. p. 483. 3205: 3113: 1794:Royal monogram as Apostolic King of Hungary 1540:Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul 1376:Charles I of Austria with the habit of the 9119: 9105: 8335: 8321: 7986: 7972: 6957: 6943: 6746: 6732: 6071: 6057: 5372: 5358: 4593: 4579: 3535: 3360:Brook-Shepherd, Gordon (17 January 2004). 3344: 3192: 3159:Povodom njegove pedesetgodišnjice rodjenja 3135: 3132:Jedna Hrvatska "H. Rieči", 1918., no. 2167 1945:Commemorative Medal for the Coronation of 47: 4354:Blessed Emperor Charles League of Prayers 3417:"Charles St. Helena Likely to be Funchal" 2917: 1776:Your Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty 1006:monarchy, which was held in front of the 763:assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand 9390:Venerated Catholics by Pope John Paul II 5957: 5872: 5838: 5804: 5767: 5722: 5688: 3714: 3629: 3623: 3438: 3322:Österreich I: die unterschätzte Republik 3319: 3100: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3011: 2257:married (1952) Princess Anna-Eugénie of 2129: 1826:His Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty 1789: 1781: 1767:His Imperial and Royal Apostolic Majesty 1745:Charles I of Austria & IV of Hungary 1593:. The Emperor actually forbade its use. 1569:the peace initiative of my Predecessor, 1296: 1209: 1085: 1041: 841: 821: 691: 578: 9370:Recipients of the Order of Franz Joseph 9340:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria 6753: 6078: 5379: 4600: 3848: 3842: 3797: 3777:Did Bl. Karl of Austria Use Poison Gas? 3284: 2991: 1786:Imperial monogram as Emperor of Austria 1530:". Charles thereby acquired the title " 941: 777:, but exercised no military influence. 668:concurrently with his military duties. 494:on 3 October 2004, and is known to the 191: 27:Last Habsburg Emperor from 1916 to 1918 14: 9197: 8724:Rudolf Stöger-Steiner von Steinstätten 6964: 4507:King of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia 4452:King of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia 3873: 3867: 3574: 3290: 3265: 2933:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014 2771: 2651: 2647: 2637: 2529: 2419: 2415: 769:in 1914, the event which precipitated 9100: 8783:FML Josef Wilhelm Freiher von Gallina 8316: 7967: 7229:Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias 6938: 6727: 6052: 5353: 4574: 4297:(London: Secker & Warburg, 1973). 4228: 4031: 4019: 4007: 3995: 3983: 3600: 3598: 3554: 3353: 3242: 3236: 3008: 2847: 2837: 2833: 2821: 2815: 2805: 2789: 2779: 2775: 2759: 2753: 2743: 2727: 2717: 2713: 2701: 2695: 2685: 2669: 2659: 2655: 2631: 2621: 2605: 2595: 2591: 2579: 2573: 2563: 2547: 2537: 2533: 2517: 2511: 2501: 2485: 2475: 2471: 2459: 2453: 2443: 2427: 2423: 2321:(born 11 September 1940); one child. 1805:Grand title of the emperor of Austria 1520:Congregation for the Causes of Saints 1206:Exile in Madeira, Portugal, and death 1161:Attempts to reclaim throne of Hungary 955:and during his short reign supported 745:great-uncle, the 81-year-old Emperor 671:In 1907, he was declared of age, and 636:Archduke Charles was raised a devout 567:, where he soon fell ill and died of 289:Archduke Otto Franz Joseph of Austria 9007:Archduke Joseph Ferdinand of Austria 8708:Moritz Ritter Auffenberg von Komarów 7337:Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany 6712:Debatable or disputed rulers are in 4269:, (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1968). 3632:World War One: The Global Revolution 3630:Sondhaus, Lawrence (29 April 2011). 3452: 3202:, Hrvatsko pravo, 20/1928., no. 5160 2987: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2905:List of heirs to the Austrian throne 2608:Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria 2313:Countess Xenia Czernichev-Besobrasov 2100:Knight of Saints Cyril and Methodius 1874:Order of the Cross of Military Merit 1798: 1662: 1526:, promulgated Charles of Austria's " 9280:Beatifications by Pope John Paul II 9057:Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria 8754:Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen 7529:Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany 7234:Philip Prospero, Prince of Asturias 3874:Pinsky, Mark I. (8 February 2008). 3688: 3526:(Léo Delteil, Paris, 1924), p. 166. 1640:prayed for Charles's intercession. 1564:. At the ceremony, the Pope stated: 1012:State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs 932:Czechoslovak provisional government 756: 523:State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs 472:Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria 24: 9445:Pretenders to the Hungarian throne 8744:Archduke Albrecht, Duke of Teschen 8505: 8497: 8488: 7397:Karl Ambrosius, Primate of Hungary 4222: 4174: 3849:Goodman, Tanya (8 February 2008). 3696:"Emperor and mystic nun beatified" 3595: 3364:. London: Hambledon & London. 2730:Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria 2232:Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta 869:. He employed his brother-in-law, 703:In 1911, Charles married Princess 25: 9461: 9450:Pretenders to the Bohemian throne 9430:Monarchs of Galicia and Lodomeria 9400:Deaths from pneumonia in Portugal 9230:20th-century venerated Christians 9225:20th-century archdukes of Austria 8967:Archduke Joseph August of Austria 8797:Friedrich Graf von Beck-Rzikowsky 8734:Supreme Commander of the Imperial 7428:Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany 5240:Frederick IV of the Empty Pockets 4347: 4198:"Knights of the Order of Bravery" 3224:Issued 29.10.1918. no. 299. p. 1. 2978: 2405:Ancestors of Charles I of Austria 2179:Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen 1918:Sovereign Military Order of Malta 1824:21 November 1916 – 3 April 1919: 1817:28 June 1914 – 21 November 1916: 1378:Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary 1171:Following the restoration of the 9360:People from Persenbeug-Gottsdorf 9270:Austrian expatriates in Portugal 9235:20th-century monarchs of Bohemia 9220:20th-century emperors of Austria 9171: 8792:FML Anton Freiherr von Schönfeld 6362: 5672: 4229:Bogle, James and Joanna (2005). 4171:(1909), "Königliche Orden". p. 9 4095:Croatian Coronation Oath of 1916 3658:. 3 October 2004. Archived from 2992:Pribram, Alfred Francis (1922). 2756:Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony 2550:Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies 2114: 2086: 2080:Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown 2069: 2052: 2025: 1994: 1954: 1925: 1910: 1894: 1840: 1752: 1732:Titles, styles, honours and arms 1667: 1370: 1349: 1324:, the French novelist, stated: 1149:, and later moved to Château de 1090:Proclamation of 13 November 1918 1046:Proclamation of 11 November 1918 625:in 1889, the Emperor's brother, 607:Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony 460:Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony 337: 318: 299:Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony 221:Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este 9405:Deaths from respiratory failure 9052:Gottfried Freiherr von Banfield 8716:Alexander Freiherr von Krobatin 8303:indicates acting officeholders. 4204: 4190: 4162: 4132: 3963: 3949: 3927: 3909: 3895: 3817: 3791: 3768: 3742: 3666: 3648: 3568: 3529: 3512: 3500: 3487: 3409: 3378: 3338: 3313: 3259: 2456:Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria 1864:Military Order of Maria Theresa 1819:His Imperial and Royal Highness 1812:His Imperial and Royal Highness 1810:17 August 1887 – 28 June 1914: 1279:Church of Our Lady of the Mount 1254:at the Villa Vittoria, next to 1071:Friedrich Gustav Cardinal Piffl 909:The new foreign minister Baron 830:at Holy Trinity Column outside 609:. At the time, his great-uncle 478:. In 1911, he married Princess 187: 9042:Viktor Graf von Scheuchenstuel 8924:Adm Karl Kailer von Kaltenfels 8915:Rudolf Graf/Conte Montecuccoli 8858:Rudolf Graf/Conte Montecuccoli 8439:Imperial-Royal Mountain Troops 4550:Reason for succession failure: 4477:Dissolution of Austria-Hungary 4461:Dissolution of Austria-Hungary 3078: 3065: 3052: 2967: 2945: 2514:Archduke Otto Franz of Austria 2430:Archduke Franz Karl of Austria 1879:Bronze Medal of Military Merit 1137:responded on 3 April with the 1038:Proclamations of November 1918 871:Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma 603:Archduke Otto Franz of Austria 13: 1: 8764:Hermann Kövess von Kövessháza 8344:Austro-Hungarian Armed Forces 7102:Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias 5472: 4499:King of Galicia and Lodomeria 4444:King of Galicia and Lodomeria 4360:Charles I, Emperor of Austria 3581:. Syracuse University Press. 3536:Hindenburg, Paul von (1920). 3200:Slava dr. Aleksandru Horvatu! 2818:Infanta Maria Ana of Portugal 2181:(1925–2010); seven children. 1872:Knight Grand Officer of the 1653:Princess Maria-Anna Galitzine 1052:Armistice of 11 November 1918 584: 574: 531:Armistice of 11 November 1918 211:Otto, Crown Prince of Austria 54: 9415:Habsburg monarchs of Bohemia 6914:Independent State of Croatia 6898:Rulers of Croatia after 1102 6039:from the Wittelsbach dynasty 5256:Maximilian I the Last Knight 5159:Maximilian I the Last Knight 4910:Maximilian I the Last Knight 4706:Frederick II the Quarrelsome 4547:28 June 1914 – 16 April 1917 4335:, mgs press, Trieste: 2004. 3293:"Abdanken? Nie – nie – nie!" 3189:, Zagreb, 1958, p. 132.-133. 2018:Military Order of Max Joseph 1939:Honorary Grand Cross of the 1821:The Archduke of Austria-Este 1318:Austrian Academy of Sciences 1214:Tomb of Charles I in Madeira 936:independent South Slav state 696:Charles and Zita's wedding, 486:in the Catholic Church, was 7: 9365:Roman Catholic royal saints 8897:Friedrich Freiherr von Pöck 8891:VAdm Wilhelm von Tegetthoff 8840:Friedrich Freiherr von Pöck 8834:VAdm Wilhelm von Tegetthoff 8816:Arthur Arz von Straußenburg 8802:Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf 8665:Bylandt-Rheydt (der Ältere) 8444:Imperial and Royal Dragoons 8415:Imperial and Royal Infantry 7935:also an infante of Portugal 7097:Charles, Prince of Asturias 5103:Styria, Carinthia, Carniola 4374:20th Century Press Archives 3220:Hrvatska Država, newspaper 3123:, Beograd 1987., p. 56.-57. 3038:. New York: HarperCollins. 3034:Brook-Shepherd, G. (1991). 2998:. In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). 2898: 2396: 2353:George, Duke of Mecklenburg 2122: 2045:Military Order of St. Henry 1854:Knight of the Golden Fleece 1686:using the Transwiki process 1436:Church of Our Lady of Monte 1186:(the last commander of the 826:King Charles IV taking his 687: 673:Prince Zdenko von Lobkowitz 10: 9466: 9435:Royalty of Austria-Hungary 9325:House of Habsburg-Lorraine 8909:Hermann Freiherr von Spaun 8852:Hermann Freiherr von Spaun 8449:Imperial and Royal Hussars 8368:Imperial Austrian Landwehr 7569:Archduke Ladislaus Philipp 7382:Francis IV, Duke of Modena 7162:Charles, Bishop of Wroclaw 6663:House of Habsburg-Lorraine 6360: 4894:Ladislaus I the Posthumous 4392:House of Habsburg-Lorraine 4295:The End of Austria-Hungary 4126:(1918), "Ritter-orden" p. 4111:(1915), "Ritter-orden" p. 3243:Horne, C. F., ed. (1923). 2765: 2649: 2523: 2488:Princess Sophie of Bavaria 2417: 2291: 1832: 1802: 1164: 1096:Republic of German-Austria 732:distant Spanish relative, 711:regiment was stationed at 535:Republic of German-Austria 448:House of Habsburg-Lorraine 32:Charles I (disambiguation) 29: 9335:Hungarian Roman Catholics 9330:Hungarian anti-communists 9320:Field marshals of Germany 9315:Field marshals of Austria 9295:Charles University alumni 9285:Burials in Madeira Island 9260:Austrian beatified people 9180: 9169: 9139: 8947:Archduke Eugen of Austria 8939: 8881: 8824: 8772: 8732: 8623: 8600: 8593: 8568: 8516: 8486: 8454:Imperial and Royal Uhlans 8383:Royal Croatian Home Guard 8350: 8296: 8227: 8184: 8161: 8124: 8092: 8067: 8049: 8026: 8001: 7995:Heads of state of Hungary 7923: 7898: 7891: 7851: 7844: 7824: 7808: 7770: 7763: 7736: 7683: 7665: 7658: 7577: 7501: 7488:Francis V, Duke of Modena 7405: 7324: 7288: 7262: 7221: 7170: 7107:Diego, Prince of Asturias 7089: 7058: 7037: 7021: 7005: 6979: 6972: 6907: 6886: 6867: 6842: 6765: 6710: 6661: 6578: 6553: 6528: 6509: 6490: 6465: 6446: 6409: 6390: 6371: 6203: 6104: 6095: 6086: 6004: 5948: 5863: 5829: 5797: 5758: 5713: 5681: 5670: 5632: 5471: 5400: 5391: 5202: 5097: 4762: 4717: 4618:Leopold I the Illustrious 4608: 4559: 4532: 4524: 4514: 4481: 4467: 4433: 4425: 4420: 4385: 4281:Austrian History Yearbook 3957:"Blessed Karl of Austria" 2953:"Blessed Karl of Austria" 2835: 2827: 2799: 2777: 2773: 2737: 2715: 2707: 2679: 2657: 2653: 2615: 2593: 2585: 2557: 2535: 2531: 2495: 2473: 2465: 2437: 2421: 2286:Princess Yolanda of Ligne 1968:Knight of the Black Eagle 1905:Grand Cross of St. Joseph 1901:Tuscan Grand Ducal Family 1772: 1760: 1751: 1738: 1658: 1480: 1461: 1449: 1426: 1405: 1395: 1384: 1369: 1356: 1292: 1008:Croatian National Theater 738:Archduchess Maria Theresa 326: 314: 304: 294: 284: 272: 263: 258: 254: 201: 169: 152: 129: 125: 113: 103: 93: 82: 64: 46: 41: 9275:Austrian Roman Catholics 9255:Austrian anti-communists 9037:Viktor Dankl von Krasnik 8661:(FZM) Arthur Maximilian 7953:also a prince of Belgium 7941:also a prince of Tuscany 7929:also an infante of Spain 5785:Ladislaus the Posthumous 5143:Frederick V the Peaceful 4902:Frederick V the Peaceful 4690:Frederick I the Catholic 4542:Archduke of Austria-Este 4528:Archduke Franz Ferdinand 4265:Brook-Shepherd, Gordon, 4233:. Gracewing Publishing. 3825:"Cause for Canonization" 3345:Brook-Shepherd, Gordon. 2910: 2792:Ferdinand II of Portugal 1885:; Gold ("Signum Laudis") 1100:First Hungarian Republic 817: 804:Army Group Archduke Karl 456:Archduke Otto of Austria 350:Recorded 5 February 1915 8957:Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli 8928:Adm Maximilian Njegovan 8868:Adm Maximilian Njegovan 8788:Franz Freiherr von John 8637:Franz Freiherr von John 7947:also a prince of Modena 7244:Ferdinand IV of Hungary 6411:Capetian House of Anjou 5633:1198–1306 (Kings) 4698:Leopold VI the Glorious 4634:Adalbert the Victorious 4555:Title abolished in 1860 4317:, Sutton Erfurt, 2012. 4254:, HarperCollins, 1991. 3829:Blessed Karl of Austria 3610:Blessed Karl of Austria 3073:East European Quarterly 3001:Encyclopædia Britannica 2930:Encyclopædia Britannica 2039:Knight of the Rue Crown 1188:Imperial and Royal Navy 1016:Constitution of Croatia 796:offensive against Italy 500:Blessed Karl of Austria 9290:Burials in Switzerland 8736:and Royal Armed Forces 8697:General der Infanterie 8649:General der Kavallerie 8510: 8502: 8493: 8378:Royal Hungarian Honvéd 7514:Maximilian I of Mexico 7509:Emperor Franz Joseph I 6433:(1382–1385; 1386–1395) 6219:(1038–1041; 1044–1046) 5475:870–1198 (Dukes) 5151:Albert VI the Prodigal 4870:Albert III the Pigtail 4816:Leopold I the Glorious 4792:Rudolf II the Debonair 4682:Leopold V the Virtuous 4248:Brook-Shepherd, Gordon 4182:Almanach de Gotha 1923 4084:(1915), Genealogy p. 2 3291:Werner, H. W. (2008). 3157:Dr. Aleksandar Horvat 2698:George, King of Saxony 2139: 2062:: Grand Cordon of the 1795: 1787: 1618: 1575: 1515:On 14 April 2003, the 1347: 1331: 1302: 1215: 1192:neighbouring countries 1116: 1091: 1084: 1047: 916:Second Polish Republic 854: 839: 806:operating against the 780:Charles then became a 742: 700: 590: 443: 427: 419: 399: 382: 374: 8509: 8501: 8492: 8405:Military Intelligence 8358:Austro-Hungarian Army 8152:High National Council 7493:Ferdinand Karl Viktor 7387:Ferdinand Karl Joseph 5423:Přemysl the Ploughman 5232:William the Courteous 5216:Rudolf IV the Founder 5119:William the Courteous 4878:Albert IV the Patient 4854:Rudolf IV the Founder 4751:Ottokar II of Bohemia 4727:Vladislaus of Moravia 4535:— TITULAR — 4484:— TITULAR — 4387:Charles I of Austria 3320:Portisch, H. (1989). 3270:. Budapest: Corvina. 2355:(5 October [ 2133: 1988:, 1st and 2nd Classes 1941:Royal Victorian Order 1803:Further information: 1793: 1785: 1727:held by Empress Zita. 1610: 1587:Austro-Hungarian Army 1566: 1522:, in the presence of 1338: 1326: 1300: 1213: 1124:Alfonso XIII of Spain 1112: 1089: 1079: 1045: 1022:officially ended the 959:suggestions from the 859:Austro-Hungarian Army 845: 825: 792:Austro-Hungarian Army 734:Jaime, Duke of Madrid 729: 705:Zita of Bourbon-Parma 695: 675:was appointed as his 582: 525:were proclaimed, and 480:Zita of Bourbon-Parma 246:Archduchess Elisabeth 176:Zita of Bourbon-Parma 9395:Austrian monarchists 9205:Charles I of Austria 9158:(2007–present) 8992:Karol Durski-Trzaska 8952:Franz Rohr von Denta 8932:RAdm Franz von Holub 8920:Grand Adm Anton Haus 8863:Grand Adm Anton Haus 8633:Feldmarschalleutnant 6909:House of Savoy-Aosta 6767:House of Trpimirović 6392:House of Wittelsbach 5696:Henry the Carinthian 5624:Vladislaus III Henry 5224:Leopold III the Just 5111:Leopold III the Just 4862:Leopold III the Just 4808:Frederick I the Fair 4754:(claimant 1251–1278) 4746:(claimant 1250–1268) 4743:Frederick I of Baden 4738:(claimant 1248–1250) 4730:(claimant 1246–1247) 4674:Henry II Jasomirgott 4666:Leopold the Generous 4658:Leopold III the Good 4397:Cadet branch of the 4276:, (TAN Books, 2020). 3662:on 5 September 2011. 3141:A. Pavelić (lawyer) 2955:. Emperorcharles.org 2850:Maria II of Portugal 2672:John, King of Saxony 2634:Charles I of Austria 2107:, Grade I, 2nd Class 2008:Knight of St. Hubert 1413:Saint Peter's Square 1075:Archbishop of Vienna 977:Pure Party of Rights 969:Hungarian Parliament 942:Trialism and Croatia 938:on 29 October 1918. 873:, an officer in the 646:Reichenau an der Rax 627:Archduke Karl Ludwig 623:Crown Prince Rudolph 621:. Upon the death of 583:Charles as a child, 476:assassinated in 1914 468:Emperor Franz Joseph 231:Archduke Carl Ludwig 216:Archduchess Adelheid 143:Persenbeug-Gottsdorf 9002:Tadeusz Rozwadowski 8825:Commanders-in-Chief 8810:Blasius von Schemua 8645:Kuhn von Kuhnenfeld 8028:Kingdom (1867–1918) 7723:Franz Karl Salvator 7585:Crown Prince Rudolf 7443:Frederick Ferdinand 7413:Emperor Ferdinand I 7239:Charles II of Spain 7112:Philip III of Spain 7029:Philip I of Castile 6888:Croatia in personal 6795:Michael Krešimir II 6448:House of Luxembourg 6080:Monarchs of Hungary 6028:Wittelsbach dynasty 5522:Boleslaus the Brave 4800:Rudolf III the Good 4650:Leopold II the Fair 4602:Monarchs of Austria 4272:Coulombe, Charles, 3301:(in German). Vienna 3266:Gombás, I. (2002). 3183:Budisavljević Srđan 3062:34#1 (1991): 65-86. 2094:Kingdom of Bulgaria 2082:, with Crown in Ore 2043:Grand Cross of the 2016:Grand Cross of the 1979:; with Oak Leaves, 1862:Grand Cross of the 1690:If the page can be 1678:is a candidate for 1645:Christoph Schönborn 1577:The main points of 1334:Paul von Hindenburg 1301:Charles as Archduke 1271:respiratory failure 1135:Austrian Parliament 1105:Edward Lisle Strutt 903:Imperial Parliament 724:morganatic marriage 660:, where he studied 601:. His parents were 569:respiratory failure 513:and by championing 86:21 November 1916 – 9410:Dethroned monarchs 9144:Charles I & IV 8511: 8503: 8494: 8388:42nd Inf. Division 8094:Republic (1919–20) 8003:Revolution of 1848 7906:Ferdinand Zvonimir 7178:Philip IV of Spain 7066:Philip II of Spain 6966:Austrian archdukes 6890:union with Hungary 6829:Demetrius Zvonimir 6530:House of Jagiellon 6492:House of Jagiellon 5568:Svatopluk the Lion 5248:Sigismund the Rich 5127:Leopold IV the Fat 4824:Albert II the Wise 4735:Herman VI of Baden 4626:Henry I the Strong 4610:House of Babenberg 4491:Emperor of Austria 4469:Titles in pretence 4436:Emperor of Austria 4290:(Routledge, 2014). 4150:on 31 October 2019 3522:. Marcel Le Goff, 3468:The New York Times 3424:The New York Times 3394:The New York Times 3075:26.2 (1992): 163+. 3060:Historical Journal 2140: 2002:Kingdom of Bavaria 1962:Kingdom of Prussia 1796: 1788: 1558:St. Peter's Square 1303: 1216: 1200:Pragmatic Sanction 1173:Kingdom of Hungary 1092: 1050:On the day of the 1048: 1000:Zvonimir's kingdom 899:self-determination 884:Georges Clemenceau 863:Archduke Friedrich 855: 840: 838:, 30 December 1916 701: 615:Emperor of Austria 591: 387:Emperor of Austria 119:Monarchy abolished 66:Emperor of Austria 9192: 9191: 9185:House of Habsburg 9152:(1922–2007) 9146:(1918–1922) 9094: 9093: 9090: 9089: 8962:Svetozar Boroević 8873:Adm Miklós Horthy 8625:Ministers for War 8310: 8309: 8186:People's Republic 8126:Kingdom (1920–46) 7961: 7960: 7919: 7918: 7887: 7886: 7840: 7839: 7780:Crown Prince Otto 7759: 7758: 7670:Emperor Charles I 7605:Leopold Ferdinand 7347:Alexander Leopold 7332:Emperor Francis I 7213:Sigismund Francis 7208:Ferdinand Charles 7152:Maximilian Ernest 6932: 6931: 6900:(1102–1918) 6860: 6824:Peter Krešimir IV 6805:Svetoslav Suronja 6721: 6720: 6628: 6580:House of Habsburg 6467:House of Habsburg 6358: 6357: 6301: 6293: 6046: 6045: 6000: 5999: 5950:Habsburg-Lorraine 5944: 5943: 5859: 5858: 5825: 5824: 5793: 5792: 5754: 5753: 5709: 5708: 5668: 5667: 5347: 5346: 5340: 5332: 5328:Sigismund Francis 5324: 5320:Ferdinand Charles 5316: 5308: 5300: 5292: 5284: 5276: 5268: 5260: 5252: 5244: 5236: 5228: 5220: 5209: 5204:House of Habsburg 5195: 5187: 5179: 5171: 5163: 5155: 5147: 5139: 5131: 5123: 5115: 5104: 5099:House of Habsburg 5090: 5082: 5074: 5066: 5058: 5050: 5042: 5038:Francis I Stephen 5034: 5026: 5018: 5010: 5009:(1657, 1665–1705) 5002: 4998:Sigismund Francis 4994: 4990:Ferdinand Charles 4986: 4978: 4970: 4969:(1590, 1619–1637) 4962: 4954: 4946: 4938: 4930: 4922: 4914: 4906: 4898: 4890: 4882: 4874: 4866: 4858: 4850: 4842: 4836: 4828: 4820: 4812: 4804: 4796: 4788: 4780: 4769: 4764:House of Habsburg 4755: 4747: 4739: 4731: 4710: 4702: 4694: 4686: 4678: 4670: 4662: 4654: 4646: 4638: 4630: 4622: 4569: 4568: 4560:Succeeded by 4537: 4518:Crown Prince Otto 4515:Succeeded by 4486: 4400:House of Lorraine 4331:Flavia Foradini, 4323:978-3-9540-0076-0 4311:Bernhard A. Macek 4300:Wawro, Geoffrey. 4267:The Last Habsburg 3905:. Deutsche Welle. 3676:. Wwi.lib.byu.edu 3588:978-0-8156-0679-6 3426:. 6 November 1921 3397:. 5 November 1921 3347:The Last Habsburg 3119:Vasa Kazimirović 2895: 2894: 2891: 2890: 2394: 2393: 2390:; five children. 2230:; married (1953) 2033:Kingdom of Saxony 1881:, on red ribbon, 1799:Titles and styles 1780: 1779: 1700: 1699: 1524:Pope John Paul II 1492: 1491: 1421:Pope John Paul II 1396:Venerated in 1275:Crown Prince Otto 1060:Schloss Eckartsau 1056:Schönbrunn Palace 1032:Heinrich Lammasch 981:Aleksandar Horvat 893:, U.S. President 713:Brandýs nad Labem 666:Political Science 654:Schottengymnasium 539:National Assembly 492:Pope John Paul II 462:, Charles became 359: 358: 343: 333:Charles I's voice 309:Roman Catholicism 279:Habsburg-Lorraine 268: 267: 18:Karl I of Austria 16:(Redirected from 9457: 9425:Kings of Croatia 9420:Kings of Hungary 9350:Knights of Malta 9175: 9131:imperial family 9129:Austro-Hungarian 9121: 9114: 9107: 9098: 9097: 9047:Stjepan Sarkotić 9032:Maximilian Ronge 8997:Gheorghe Flondor 8987:Georg Dragičević 8749:Francis Joseph I 8651:(GdK) Alexander 8610:Francis Joseph I 8598: 8597: 8420:Alpine companies 8337: 8330: 8323: 8314: 8313: 7988: 7981: 7974: 7965: 7964: 7896: 7895: 7849: 7848: 7768: 7767: 7663: 7662: 7620:Leopold Salvator 7478:Rainer Ferdinand 6959: 6952: 6945: 6936: 6935: 6925:(king designate) 6854: 6800:Stephen Držislav 6748: 6741: 6734: 6725: 6724: 6623: 6555:House of Zápolya 6511:House of Hunyadi 6373:House of Přemysl 6366: 6296: 6288: 6102: 6101: 6073: 6066: 6059: 6050: 6049: 6024:Elector Palatine 5955: 5954: 5870: 5869: 5836: 5835: 5802: 5801: 5781: 5765: 5764: 5720: 5719: 5686: 5685: 5676: 5619:Henry Bretislaus 5497:Saint Wenceslaus 5474: 5398: 5397: 5374: 5367: 5360: 5351: 5350: 5338: 5330: 5322: 5314: 5306: 5298: 5290: 5282: 5274: 5266: 5258: 5250: 5242: 5234: 5226: 5218: 5207: 5193: 5185: 5177: 5169: 5161: 5153: 5145: 5137: 5129: 5121: 5113: 5102: 5088: 5080: 5078:Francis Joseph I 5072: 5064: 5056: 5048: 5040: 5032: 5024: 5016: 5008: 5000: 4992: 4984: 4976: 4968: 4960: 4952: 4944: 4936: 4928: 4920: 4912: 4904: 4896: 4888: 4880: 4872: 4864: 4856: 4848: 4840: 4834: 4832:Otto I the Merry 4826: 4818: 4810: 4802: 4794: 4786: 4778: 4767: 4753: 4745: 4737: 4729: 4708: 4700: 4692: 4684: 4676: 4668: 4660: 4652: 4644: 4642:Ernest the Brave 4636: 4628: 4620: 4595: 4588: 4581: 4572: 4571: 4557: 4551: 4533: 4525:Preceded by 4482: 4426:Preceded by 4416: 4409: 4383: 4382: 4330: 4309: 4283:4 (1968): 28–43. 4244: 4216: 4215: 4208: 4202: 4201: 4194: 4188: 4180:Justus Perthes, 4178: 4172: 4166: 4160: 4159: 4157: 4155: 4146:. Archived from 4144:pourlemerite.org 4136: 4130: 4121: 4115: 4106: 4100: 4098: 4091: 4085: 4077: 4054: 4048: 4041: 4035: 4029: 4023: 4017: 4011: 4005: 3999: 3993: 3987: 3981: 3975: 3974: 3967: 3961: 3960: 3953: 3947: 3946: 3944: 3942: 3931: 3925: 3924: 3913: 3907: 3906: 3899: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3881:Orlando Sentinel 3871: 3865: 3864: 3863:on 2 April 2010. 3859:. Archived from 3856:Florida Catholic 3846: 3840: 3839: 3837: 3835: 3821: 3815: 3814: 3812: 3810: 3795: 3789: 3788: 3787: 3785: 3772: 3766: 3765: 3763: 3761: 3746: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3730:. 5 October 2004 3718: 3712: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3702:. 3 October 2004 3692: 3686: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3670: 3664: 3663: 3652: 3646: 3645: 3627: 3621: 3620: 3618: 3616: 3602: 3593: 3592: 3572: 3566: 3565: 3558: 3552: 3551: 3549: 3539:Aus meinem Leben 3533: 3527: 3516: 3510: 3504: 3498: 3491: 3485: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3473:Associated Press 3464: 3456: 3450: 3449: 3442: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3421: 3413: 3407: 3406: 3404: 3402: 3390: 3382: 3376: 3375: 3357: 3351: 3350: 3342: 3336: 3335: 3317: 3311: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3288: 3282: 3281: 3263: 3257: 3256: 3240: 3234: 3231: 3225: 3218: 3212: 3209: 3203: 3196: 3190: 3180: 3171: 3168: 3162: 3155: 3146: 3139: 3133: 3130: 3124: 3117: 3111: 3104: 3098: 3095: 3089: 3084:Geoffrey Wawro, 3082: 3076: 3069: 3063: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3031: 3022: 3019: 3006: 3005: 2997: 2989: 2976: 2971: 2965: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2921: 2411: 2410: 2402: 2401: 2384:of Liechtenstein 2378: 2347: 2340: 2338: 2307: 2301:5 September 1919 2280: 2277:11 December 2007 2253: 2250:6 September 2011 2222: 2200: 2173: 2167:20 November 1912 2142: 2141: 2134:The children in 2105:Order of Bravery 2092: 2090: 2089: 2074: 2073: 2072: 2064:Order of Leopold 2058: 2056: 2055: 2031: 2029: 2028: 2000: 1998: 1997: 1960: 1958: 1957: 1935: 1931: 1929: 1928: 1916: 1914: 1913: 1899: 1898: 1846: 1844: 1843: 1756: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1735: 1695: 1671: 1663: 1579:Pope Benedict XV 1432: 1411:3 October 2004, 1374: 1354: 1353: 1128:Pope Benedict XV 989: 973:National Council 802:as commander of 765:, his uncle, in 757:Heir presumptive 699: 631:heir presumptive 589: 586: 464:heir presumptive 394: 369: 345: 344: 322: 256: 255: 195: 193: 189: 163:Funchal, Madeira 159: 139: 137: 99:30 December 1916 89: 88:12 November 1918 59: 56: 51: 39: 38: 21: 9465: 9464: 9460: 9459: 9458: 9456: 9455: 9454: 9265:Austrian exiles 9195: 9194: 9193: 9188: 9176: 9167: 9135: 9125: 9095: 9086: 9077:Georg von Trapp 9072:Giovanni Luppis 8982:Günther Burstyn 8935: 8883: 8877: 8826: 8820: 8774: 8768: 8735: 8728: 8686:von Krieghammer 8659:Feldzeugmeister 8641:FML Franz Kuhn 8619: 8589: 8577:Luftfahrtruppen 8564: 8560:Danube Flotilla 8554:Seefliegerkorps 8512: 8504: 8496: 8495: 8484: 8346: 8341: 8311: 8306: 8292: 8223: 8180: 8163:Second Republic 8157: 8120: 8088: 8069:Soviet Republic 8063: 8045: 8022: 7997: 7992: 7962: 7957: 7915: 7892:19th generation 7883: 7845:18th generation 7836: 7820: 7804: 7772: 7764:17th generation 7755: 7738: 7732: 7728:Hubert Salvator 7685: 7679: 7659:16th generation 7654: 7615:Peter Ferdinand 7610:Josef Ferdinand 7590:Franz Ferdinand 7578:15th generation 7573: 7554:Charles Stephen 7539:Ludwig Salvator 7502:14th generation 7497: 7406:13th generation 7401: 7377:Cardinal Rudolf 7325:12th generation 7320: 7289:11th generation 7284: 7258: 7217: 7203:Leopold Wilhelm 7166: 7085: 7054: 7033: 7017: 7001: 6975: 6968: 6963: 6933: 6928: 6911: 6903: 6889: 6882: 6869:House of Snačić 6863: 6838: 6761: 6752: 6722: 6717: 6706: 6657: 6574: 6549: 6524: 6505: 6486: 6461: 6442: 6405: 6386: 6367: 6354: 6199: 6091: 6082: 6077: 6047: 6042: 5996: 5958:1780–1918 5940: 5873:1526–1780 5855: 5839:1471–1526 5821: 5805:1457–1471 5789: 5779: 5768:1437–1457 5750: 5723:1310–1437 5705: 5689:1306–1310 5677: 5664: 5628: 5467: 5387: 5378: 5348: 5343: 5206: 5198: 5135:Ernest the Iron 5101: 5093: 4766: 4758: 4713: 4604: 4599: 4565: 4563:Archduke Robert 4553: 4552: 4549: 4548: 4546: 4538: 4530: 4520: 4511: 4505: 4503:King of Hungary 4501: 4497: 4495:King of Bohemia 4493: 4487: 4455: 4450: 4448:King of Hungary 4446: 4442: 4440:King of Bohemia 4438: 4431: 4410: 4404: 4403: 4395: 4388: 4350: 4328: 4307: 4286:Mason, John W. 4241: 4225: 4223:Further reading 4220: 4219: 4210: 4209: 4205: 4200:(in Bulgarian). 4196: 4195: 4191: 4179: 4175: 4167: 4163: 4153: 4151: 4138: 4137: 4133: 4122: 4118: 4107: 4103: 4093: 4092: 4088: 4078: 4057: 4043: 4042: 4038: 4030: 4026: 4018: 4014: 4006: 4002: 3994: 3990: 3982: 3978: 3969: 3968: 3964: 3955: 3954: 3950: 3940: 3938: 3933: 3932: 3928: 3915: 3914: 3910: 3901: 3900: 3896: 3886: 3884: 3872: 3868: 3847: 3843: 3833: 3831: 3823: 3822: 3818: 3808: 3806: 3796: 3792: 3783: 3781: 3780:, 10 March 2019 3774: 3773: 3769: 3759: 3757: 3748: 3747: 3743: 3733: 3731: 3720: 3719: 3715: 3705: 3703: 3694: 3693: 3689: 3679: 3677: 3672: 3671: 3667: 3654: 3653: 3649: 3642: 3628: 3624: 3614: 3612: 3604: 3603: 3596: 3589: 3573: 3569: 3560: 3559: 3555: 3547: 3534: 3530: 3517: 3513: 3505: 3501: 3492: 3488: 3478: 3476: 3462: 3458: 3457: 3453: 3444: 3443: 3439: 3429: 3427: 3419: 3415: 3414: 3410: 3400: 3398: 3388: 3384: 3383: 3379: 3372: 3358: 3354: 3343: 3339: 3332: 3318: 3314: 3304: 3302: 3289: 3285: 3278: 3264: 3260: 3241: 3237: 3232: 3228: 3219: 3215: 3210: 3206: 3197: 3193: 3181: 3174: 3169: 3165: 3156: 3149: 3140: 3136: 3131: 3127: 3118: 3114: 3105: 3101: 3096: 3092: 3083: 3079: 3070: 3066: 3057: 3053: 3046: 3032: 3025: 3020: 3009: 2995:"Charles" 2990: 2979: 2972: 2968: 2958: 2956: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2936: 2934: 2923: 2922: 2918: 2913: 2901: 2896: 2399: 2376: 2351:married (1956) 2345: 2336: 2334: 2316: 2311:married (1953) 2305: 2284:married (1950) 2278: 2251: 2220: 2219:7 February 1996 2216:8 February 1915 2198: 2177:married (1951) 2171: 2125: 2117: 2112: 2087: 2085: 2070: 2068: 2053: 2051: 2026: 2024: 1995: 1993: 1981:6 December 1916 1955: 1953: 1926: 1924: 1911: 1909: 1893: 1848:Austria-Hungary 1841: 1839: 1835: 1807: 1801: 1762:Reference style 1744: 1742: 1739: 1734: 1696: 1689: 1672: 1661: 1606:Archduke Rudolf 1602:Austrian Poland 1495:Catholic Church 1476: 1470:Imperial attire 1427: 1400:Catholic Church 1380: 1365: 1364:Karl of Austria 1362: 1361: 1352: 1307:interwar period 1295: 1289:, Switzerland. 1236:on the cruiser 1208: 1196:Aristide Briand 1169: 1163: 1040: 1028:German Austrian 983: 944: 891:Fourteen Points 850:with their son 832:Matthias Church 828:coronation oath 820: 759: 698:21 October 1911 697: 690: 619:King of Hungary 587: 577: 507:First World War 496:Catholic Church 470:when his uncle 452:Austria-Hungary 432:King of Bohemia 408:King of Croatia 404:King of Hungary 390: 365: 355: 354: 353: 352: 351: 349: 346: 338: 335: 250: 236:Archduke Rudolf 197: 185: 181: 178: 161: 157: 147:Austria-Hungary 141: 135: 133: 87: 78: 70:King of Hungary 68: 60: 57: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9463: 9453: 9452: 9447: 9442: 9437: 9432: 9427: 9422: 9417: 9412: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9392: 9387: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9355:Exiled royalty 9352: 9347: 9342: 9337: 9332: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9272: 9267: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9237: 9232: 9227: 9222: 9217: 9212: 9207: 9190: 9189: 9181: 9178: 9177: 9170: 9168: 9166: 9165: 9159: 9153: 9147: 9140: 9137: 9136: 9124: 9123: 9116: 9109: 9101: 9092: 9091: 9088: 9087: 9085: 9084: 9079: 9074: 9069: 9067:Franz von Keil 9064: 9059: 9054: 9049: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9022:Oskar Potiorek 9019: 9014: 9012:Rudolf Maister 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8979: 8974: 8969: 8964: 8959: 8954: 8949: 8943: 8941: 8937: 8936: 8934: 8933: 8930: 8925: 8922: 8917: 8911: 8905: 8899: 8893: 8887: 8885: 8879: 8878: 8876: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8854: 8848: 8842: 8836: 8830: 8828: 8822: 8821: 8819: 8818: 8812: 8804: 8799: 8793: 8790: 8784: 8780: 8778: 8770: 8769: 8767: 8766: 8761: 8756: 8751: 8746: 8740: 8738: 8730: 8729: 8727: 8726: 8718: 8710: 8704: 8694: 8687: 8680: 8673: 8668:FZM Ferdinand 8666: 8656: 8646: 8639: 8629: 8627: 8621: 8620: 8618: 8617: 8612: 8606: 8604: 8595: 8591: 8590: 8588: 8587: 8586: 8585: 8572: 8570: 8566: 8565: 8563: 8562: 8557: 8550: 8549: 8548: 8543: 8538: 8533: 8520: 8518: 8514: 8513: 8487: 8485: 8483: 8482: 8477: 8474:Grenz infantry 8470: 8463: 8456: 8451: 8446: 8441: 8436: 8429: 8422: 8417: 8412: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8392: 8391: 8390: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8354: 8352: 8348: 8347: 8340: 8339: 8332: 8325: 8317: 8308: 8307: 8305: 8304: 8297: 8294: 8293: 8291: 8290: 8285: 8278: 8273: 8268: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8233: 8231: 8229:Third Republic 8225: 8224: 8222: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8190: 8188: 8182: 8181: 8179: 8178: 8173: 8167: 8165: 8159: 8158: 8156: 8155: 8148: 8141: 8136: 8130: 8128: 8122: 8121: 8119: 8118: 8111: 8104: 8098: 8096: 8090: 8089: 8087: 8086: 8079: 8073: 8071: 8065: 8064: 8062: 8061: 8055: 8053: 8051:First Republic 8047: 8046: 8044: 8043: 8038: 8036:Francis Joseph 8032: 8030: 8024: 8023: 8021: 8020: 8013: 8007: 8005: 7999: 7998: 7991: 7990: 7983: 7976: 7968: 7959: 7958: 7956: 7955: 7949: 7943: 7937: 7931: 7924: 7921: 7920: 7917: 7916: 7914: 7913: 7908: 7902: 7900: 7893: 7889: 7888: 7885: 7884: 7882: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7855: 7853: 7846: 7842: 7841: 7838: 7837: 7835: 7834: 7828: 7826: 7822: 7821: 7819: 7818: 7812: 7810: 7806: 7805: 7803: 7802: 7797: 7792: 7787: 7782: 7776: 7774: 7765: 7761: 7760: 7757: 7756: 7754: 7753: 7748: 7742: 7740: 7734: 7733: 7731: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7689: 7687: 7681: 7680: 7678: 7677: 7672: 7666: 7660: 7656: 7655: 7653: 7652: 7650:Joseph Francis 7647: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7630:Albrecht Franz 7627: 7625:Franz Salvator 7622: 7617: 7612: 7607: 7602: 7600:Ferdinand Karl 7597: 7592: 7587: 7581: 7579: 7575: 7574: 7572: 7571: 7566: 7561: 7556: 7551: 7546: 7541: 7536: 7531: 7526: 7521: 7516: 7511: 7505: 7503: 7499: 7498: 7496: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7483:Heinrich Anton 7480: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7463:Leopold Ludwig 7460: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7438:Karl Ferdinand 7435: 7430: 7425: 7420: 7415: 7409: 7407: 7403: 7402: 7400: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7364: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7328: 7326: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7318: 7313: 7308: 7303: 7301:Charles Joseph 7298: 7292: 7290: 7286: 7285: 7283: 7282: 7277: 7275:Leopold Joseph 7272: 7266: 7264: 7263:9th generation 7260: 7259: 7257: 7256: 7254:Charles Joseph 7251: 7246: 7241: 7236: 7231: 7225: 7223: 7222:8th generation 7219: 7218: 7216: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7174: 7172: 7171:7th generation 7168: 7167: 7165: 7164: 7159: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7132:Maximilian III 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7093: 7091: 7090:6th generation 7087: 7086: 7084: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7068: 7062: 7060: 7059:5th generation 7056: 7055: 7053: 7052: 7047: 7041: 7039: 7038:4th generation 7035: 7034: 7032: 7031: 7025: 7023: 7022:3rd generation 7019: 7018: 7016: 7015: 7009: 7007: 7006:2nd generation 7003: 7002: 7000: 6999: 6994: 6989: 6983: 6981: 6980:1st generation 6977: 6976: 6973: 6970: 6969: 6962: 6961: 6954: 6947: 6939: 6930: 6929: 6927: 6926: 6919: 6917: 6905: 6904: 6902: 6901: 6894: 6892: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6880: 6873: 6871: 6865: 6864: 6862: 6861: 6848: 6846: 6844:House of Árpád 6840: 6839: 6837: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6816: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6771: 6769: 6763: 6762: 6751: 6750: 6743: 6736: 6728: 6719: 6718: 6711: 6708: 6707: 6705: 6704: 6698: 6695:Francis Joseph 6692: 6686: 6680: 6674: 6667: 6665: 6659: 6658: 6656: 6655: 6649: 6643: 6637: 6631: 6630: 6629: 6615: 6609: 6603: 6597: 6591: 6584: 6582: 6576: 6575: 6573: 6572: 6569:John Sigismund 6566: 6559: 6557: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6547: 6541: 6534: 6532: 6526: 6525: 6523: 6522: 6515: 6513: 6507: 6506: 6504: 6503: 6496: 6494: 6488: 6487: 6485: 6484: 6478: 6471: 6469: 6463: 6462: 6460: 6459: 6452: 6450: 6444: 6443: 6441: 6440: 6434: 6428: 6422: 6415: 6413: 6407: 6406: 6404: 6403: 6396: 6394: 6388: 6387: 6385: 6384: 6377: 6375: 6369: 6368: 6361: 6359: 6356: 6355: 6353: 6352: 6346: 6340: 6334: 6328: 6322: 6316: 6310: 6304: 6303: 6302: 6294: 6280: 6274: 6268: 6262: 6256: 6250: 6244: 6238: 6232: 6226: 6220: 6214: 6207: 6205: 6201: 6200: 6198: 6197: 6191: 6181: 6167: 6153: 6137: 6123: 6108: 6106: 6099: 6097:House of Árpád 6093: 6092: 6087: 6084: 6083: 6076: 6075: 6068: 6061: 6053: 6044: 6043: 6041: 6040: 6033:Prince-elector 6030: 6021: 6018: 6015: 6009:Duke of Poland 6005: 6002: 6001: 5998: 5997: 5995: 5994: 5988: 5986:Francis Joseph 5983: 5978: 5972: 5967: 5961: 5959: 5952: 5946: 5945: 5942: 5941: 5939: 5938: 5933: 5930:Charles Albert 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5876: 5874: 5867: 5861: 5860: 5857: 5856: 5854: 5853: 5848: 5842: 5840: 5833: 5827: 5826: 5823: 5822: 5820: 5819: 5814: 5808: 5806: 5799: 5795: 5794: 5791: 5790: 5788: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5771: 5769: 5762: 5756: 5755: 5752: 5751: 5749: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5732: 5730:John the Blind 5726: 5724: 5717: 5711: 5710: 5707: 5706: 5704: 5703: 5698: 5692: 5690: 5683: 5679: 5678: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5665: 5663: 5662: 5660:Wenceslaus III 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5636: 5634: 5630: 5629: 5627: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5604:Conrad II Otto 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5478: 5476: 5469: 5468: 5466: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5404: 5402: 5395: 5389: 5388: 5377: 5376: 5369: 5362: 5354: 5345: 5344: 5342: 5341: 5333: 5325: 5317: 5309: 5301: 5293: 5285: 5277: 5269: 5261: 5253: 5245: 5237: 5229: 5221: 5212: 5210: 5200: 5199: 5197: 5196: 5188: 5180: 5172: 5164: 5156: 5148: 5140: 5132: 5124: 5116: 5107: 5105: 5095: 5094: 5092: 5091: 5083: 5075: 5067: 5059: 5051: 5043: 5035: 5027: 5019: 5011: 5003: 4995: 4987: 4979: 4971: 4963: 4955: 4947: 4939: 4931: 4923: 4915: 4907: 4899: 4891: 4883: 4875: 4867: 4859: 4851: 4843: 4837: 4829: 4821: 4813: 4805: 4797: 4789: 4781: 4772: 4770: 4760: 4759: 4757: 4756: 4748: 4740: 4732: 4723: 4721: 4715: 4714: 4712: 4711: 4703: 4695: 4687: 4679: 4671: 4663: 4655: 4647: 4639: 4631: 4623: 4614: 4612: 4606: 4605: 4598: 4597: 4590: 4583: 4575: 4567: 4566: 4561: 4558: 4531: 4526: 4522: 4521: 4516: 4513: 4480: 4472: 4471: 4465: 4464: 4457: 4432: 4429:Franz Joseph I 4427: 4423: 4422: 4421:Regnal titles 4418: 4417: 4408:17 August 1887 4396: 4389: 4386: 4381: 4380: 4367: 4356: 4349: 4348:External links 4346: 4345: 4344: 4326: 4305: 4298: 4293:Valiani, Leo. 4291: 4284: 4277: 4270: 4263: 4245: 4240:978-0852441732 4239: 4224: 4221: 4218: 4217: 4203: 4189: 4173: 4161: 4131: 4116: 4101: 4086: 4055: 4036: 4034:, p. 144. 4024: 4022:, p. 143. 4012: 4010:, p. 137. 4000: 3988: 3976: 3962: 3948: 3926: 3908: 3894: 3866: 3841: 3816: 3790: 3767: 3741: 3713: 3687: 3665: 3647: 3641:978-0521736268 3640: 3622: 3594: 3587: 3567: 3553: 3528: 3518:Original text 3511: 3499: 3486: 3475:. 2 April 1922 3451: 3437: 3408: 3377: 3371:978-1852854393 3370: 3352: 3349:. p. 257. 3337: 3330: 3312: 3283: 3276: 3258: 3235: 3226: 3213: 3204: 3191: 3172: 3163: 3147: 3134: 3125: 3112: 3099: 3090: 3088:(2015) p. 371. 3077: 3064: 3051: 3044: 3023: 3007: 2977: 2966: 2944: 2915: 2914: 2912: 2909: 2908: 2907: 2900: 2897: 2893: 2892: 2889: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2880: 2878: 2876: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2862: 2859: 2858: 2856: 2853: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2842: 2839: 2838: 2836: 2834: 2832: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2822: 2820: 2814: 2811: 2810: 2807: 2806: 2804: 2801: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2794: 2788: 2785: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2766: 2764: 2761: 2760: 2758: 2752: 2749: 2748: 2745: 2744: 2742: 2739: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2732: 2726: 2723: 2722: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2702: 2700: 2694: 2691: 2690: 2687: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2680: 2678: 2675: 2674: 2668: 2665: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2639: 2638: 2636: 2630: 2627: 2626: 2623: 2622: 2620: 2617: 2616: 2614: 2611: 2610: 2604: 2601: 2600: 2597: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2580: 2578: 2572: 2569: 2568: 2565: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2539: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2525: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2510: 2507: 2506: 2503: 2502: 2500: 2497: 2496: 2494: 2491: 2490: 2484: 2481: 2480: 2477: 2476: 2474: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2466: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2458: 2452: 2449: 2448: 2445: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2432: 2426: 2424: 2422: 2420: 2418: 2416: 2414: 2407: 2406: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2391: 2380: 2379:(aged 70) 2375:7 January 1993 2373: 2370: 2361: 2360: 2349: 2348:(aged 68) 2342: 2332: 2323: 2322: 2309: 2308:(aged 90) 2302: 2299: 2290: 2289: 2282: 2281:(aged 89) 2275: 2272: 2263: 2262: 2255: 2254:(aged 95) 2248: 2245: 2236: 2235: 2224: 2223:(aged 80) 2217: 2214: 2205: 2204: 2202: 2201:(aged 57) 2197:2 October 1971 2195: 2194:3 January 1914 2192: 2183: 2182: 2175: 2174:(aged 98) 2168: 2165: 2156: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2124: 2121: 2116: 2113: 2111: 2110: 2109: 2108: 2102: 2083: 2066: 2049: 2048: 2047: 2041: 2022: 2021: 2020: 2014: 1991: 1990: 1989: 1983: 1973:Pour le Mérite 1970: 1951: 1950: 1949: 1943: 1933:United Kingdom 1921: 1907: 1891: 1890: 1889: 1886: 1876: 1870: 1860: 1836: 1834: 1831: 1830: 1829: 1822: 1815: 1800: 1797: 1778: 1777: 1774: 1770: 1769: 1764: 1758: 1757: 1749: 1748: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1728: 1721: 1718: 1715:János Csernoch 1711: 1704: 1698: 1697: 1675: 1673: 1666: 1660: 1657: 1600:(then part of 1528:heroic virtues 1506:servant of God 1490: 1489: 1484: 1478: 1477: 1475: 1474: 1471: 1467: 1465: 1459: 1458: 1453: 1447: 1446: 1433: 1424: 1423: 1409: 1403: 1402: 1397: 1393: 1392: 1382: 1381: 1375: 1367: 1366: 1363: 1357: 1351: 1348: 1322:Anatole France 1294: 1291: 1283:Habsburg Crypt 1207: 1204: 1165:Main article: 1162: 1159: 1147:Lake Constance 1039: 1036: 1024:personal union 961:Croatian Sabor 943: 940: 928:Robert Lansing 895:Woodrow Wilson 819: 816: 758: 755: 689: 686: 576: 573: 519:Czechoslovakia 515:Austro-Slavism 357: 356: 347: 336: 331: 330: 329: 328: 327: 324: 323: 316: 312: 311: 306: 302: 301: 296: 292: 291: 286: 282: 281: 276: 270: 269: 266: 265: 261: 260: 252: 251: 249: 248: 243: 238: 233: 228: 226:Archduke Felix 223: 218: 213: 207: 205: 199: 198: 183: 179: 174: 173: 171: 167: 166: 160:(aged 34) 154: 150: 149: 140:17 August 1887 131: 127: 126: 123: 122: 115: 111: 110: 108:Franz Joseph I 105: 101: 100: 97: 91: 90: 84: 80: 79: 72: 62: 61: 52: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9462: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9421: 9418: 9416: 9413: 9411: 9408: 9406: 9403: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9391: 9388: 9386: 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9346: 9343: 9341: 9338: 9336: 9333: 9331: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9271: 9268: 9266: 9263: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9231: 9228: 9226: 9223: 9221: 9218: 9216: 9213: 9211: 9208: 9206: 9203: 9202: 9200: 9187: 9186: 9179: 9174: 9164: 9160: 9157: 9154: 9151: 9148: 9145: 9142: 9141: 9138: 9134: 9130: 9127:Heads of the 9122: 9117: 9115: 9110: 9108: 9103: 9102: 9099: 9083: 9082:Janko Vuković 9080: 9078: 9075: 9073: 9070: 9068: 9065: 9063: 9062:Miklós Horthy 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8988: 8985: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8977:Josip Jelačić 8975: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8948: 8945: 8944: 8942: 8938: 8931: 8929: 8926: 8923: 8921: 8918: 8916: 8912: 8910: 8906: 8904: 8900: 8898: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8888: 8886: 8884:Naval Section 8880: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8861: 8859: 8855: 8853: 8849: 8847: 8843: 8841: 8837: 8835: 8832: 8831: 8829: 8823: 8817: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8805: 8803: 8800: 8798: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8785: 8782: 8781: 8779: 8777: 8776:General Staff 8773:Chiefs of the 8771: 8765: 8762: 8760: 8757: 8755: 8752: 8750: 8747: 8745: 8742: 8741: 8739: 8737: 8731: 8725: 8722: 8721:Generaloberst 8719: 8717: 8714: 8713:Feldmarschall 8711: 8709: 8705: 8702: 8698: 8695: 8692: 8689:FZM Heinrich 8688: 8685: 8681: 8678: 8674: 8671: 8667: 8664: 8660: 8657: 8654: 8650: 8647: 8644: 8640: 8638: 8634: 8631: 8630: 8628: 8626: 8622: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8607: 8605: 8603: 8599: 8596: 8592: 8584: 8581: 8580: 8579: 8578: 8574: 8573: 8571: 8567: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8555: 8551: 8547: 8544: 8542: 8539: 8537: 8534: 8532: 8529: 8528: 8527: 8526: 8522: 8521: 8519: 8515: 8508: 8500: 8491: 8481: 8480:Stormtroopers 8478: 8476: 8475: 8471: 8469: 8468: 8464: 8462: 8461: 8460:Standschützen 8457: 8455: 8452: 8450: 8447: 8445: 8442: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8434: 8430: 8428: 8427: 8423: 8421: 8418: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8408: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8400:Rank insignia 8398: 8396: 8393: 8389: 8386: 8385: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8355: 8353: 8349: 8345: 8338: 8333: 8331: 8326: 8324: 8319: 8318: 8315: 8302: 8299: 8298: 8295: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8283: 8279: 8277: 8274: 8272: 8269: 8267: 8266: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8239: 8235: 8234: 8232: 8230: 8226: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8191: 8189: 8187: 8183: 8177: 8174: 8172: 8169: 8168: 8166: 8164: 8160: 8154: 8153: 8149: 8147: 8146: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8131: 8129: 8127: 8123: 8117: 8116: 8112: 8110: 8109: 8105: 8103: 8102:Joseph August 8100: 8099: 8097: 8095: 8091: 8085: 8084: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8074: 8072: 8070: 8066: 8060: 8057: 8056: 8054: 8052: 8048: 8042: 8039: 8037: 8034: 8033: 8031: 8029: 8025: 8019: 8018: 8014: 8012: 8009: 8008: 8006: 8004: 8000: 7996: 7989: 7984: 7982: 7977: 7975: 7970: 7969: 7966: 7954: 7950: 7948: 7944: 7942: 7938: 7936: 7932: 7930: 7926: 7925: 7922: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7903: 7901: 7897: 7894: 7890: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7856: 7854: 7850: 7847: 7843: 7833: 7830: 7829: 7827: 7823: 7817: 7814: 7813: 7811: 7807: 7801: 7798: 7796: 7793: 7791: 7788: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7777: 7775: 7769: 7766: 7762: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7744: 7743: 7741: 7735: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7703:Leopold Maria 7701: 7699: 7696: 7694: 7691: 7690: 7688: 7682: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7667: 7664: 7661: 7657: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7635:Karl Albrecht 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7582: 7580: 7576: 7570: 7567: 7565: 7564:Joseph August 7562: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7550: 7547: 7545: 7544:John Salvator 7542: 7540: 7537: 7535: 7534:Karl Salvator 7532: 7530: 7527: 7525: 7524:Ludwig Viktor 7522: 7520: 7517: 7515: 7512: 7510: 7507: 7506: 7504: 7500: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7448:Wilhelm Franz 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7434: 7431: 7429: 7426: 7424: 7421: 7419: 7416: 7414: 7411: 7410: 7408: 7404: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7367:Rainer Joseph 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7333: 7330: 7329: 7327: 7323: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7309: 7307: 7304: 7302: 7299: 7297: 7294: 7293: 7291: 7287: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7267: 7265: 7261: 7255: 7252: 7250: 7247: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7226: 7224: 7220: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7176: 7175: 7173: 7169: 7163: 7160: 7158: 7155: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7147:Ferdinand III 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7094: 7092: 7088: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7071:Maximilian II 7069: 7067: 7064: 7063: 7061: 7057: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7042: 7040: 7036: 7030: 7027: 7026: 7024: 7020: 7014: 7011: 7010: 7008: 7004: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6984: 6982: 6978: 6971: 6967: 6960: 6955: 6953: 6948: 6946: 6941: 6940: 6937: 6924: 6921: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6910: 6906: 6899: 6896: 6895: 6893: 6891: 6885: 6878: 6875: 6874: 6872: 6870: 6866: 6858: 6853: 6850: 6849: 6847: 6845: 6841: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6768: 6764: 6760: 6756: 6749: 6744: 6742: 6737: 6735: 6730: 6729: 6726: 6715: 6709: 6702: 6699: 6696: 6693: 6690: 6687: 6684: 6681: 6678: 6675: 6672: 6669: 6668: 6666: 6664: 6660: 6653: 6652:Maria Theresa 6650: 6647: 6644: 6641: 6638: 6635: 6632: 6626: 6622: 6621: 6619: 6618:Ferdinand III 6616: 6613: 6610: 6607: 6604: 6601: 6598: 6595: 6592: 6589: 6586: 6585: 6583: 6581: 6577: 6570: 6567: 6564: 6561: 6560: 6558: 6556: 6552: 6545: 6542: 6539: 6538:Vladislaus II 6536: 6535: 6533: 6531: 6527: 6520: 6517: 6516: 6514: 6512: 6508: 6501: 6498: 6497: 6495: 6493: 6489: 6482: 6479: 6476: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6468: 6464: 6457: 6454: 6453: 6451: 6449: 6445: 6438: 6435: 6432: 6429: 6426: 6423: 6420: 6417: 6416: 6414: 6412: 6408: 6401: 6398: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6389: 6382: 6379: 6378: 6376: 6374: 6370: 6365: 6350: 6347: 6344: 6341: 6338: 6335: 6332: 6329: 6326: 6323: 6320: 6319:Ladislaus III 6317: 6314: 6311: 6308: 6305: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6278: 6275: 6272: 6269: 6266: 6263: 6260: 6257: 6254: 6251: 6248: 6245: 6242: 6239: 6236: 6233: 6230: 6227: 6224: 6221: 6218: 6215: 6212: 6209: 6208: 6206: 6202: 6195: 6192: 6189: 6185: 6182: 6179: 6175: 6171: 6168: 6165: 6161: 6157: 6154: 6151: 6147: 6143: 6142: 6138: 6135: 6131: 6127: 6124: 6121: 6117: 6113: 6110: 6109: 6107: 6105:Grand Princes 6103: 6100: 6098: 6094: 6090: 6085: 6081: 6074: 6069: 6067: 6062: 6060: 6055: 6054: 6051: 6038: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6013:Piast dynasty 6010: 6007: 6006: 6003: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5962: 5960: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5947: 5937: 5936:Maria Theresa 5934: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5910:Ferdinand III 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5877: 5875: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5862: 5852: 5849: 5847: 5846:Vladislaus II 5844: 5843: 5841: 5837: 5834: 5832: 5828: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5809: 5807: 5803: 5800: 5796: 5786: 5783: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5772: 5770: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5757: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5741:Wenceslaus IV 5739: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5727: 5725: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5712: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5693: 5691: 5687: 5684: 5680: 5675: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5655:Wenceslaus II 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5637: 5635: 5631: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5609:Wenceslaus II 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5584: 5583:Vladislaus II 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5558:Bretislaus II 5556: 5554: 5551: 5548: 5547:Vratislaus II 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5512:Boleslaus III 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5479: 5477: 5470: 5464: 5461: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5375: 5370: 5368: 5363: 5361: 5356: 5355: 5352: 5337: 5334: 5329: 5326: 5321: 5318: 5313: 5310: 5305: 5304:Ferdinand III 5302: 5297: 5294: 5289: 5286: 5281: 5278: 5273: 5270: 5265: 5262: 5257: 5254: 5249: 5246: 5241: 5238: 5233: 5230: 5225: 5222: 5217: 5214: 5213: 5211: 5205: 5201: 5192: 5191:Ferdinand III 5189: 5184: 5181: 5176: 5173: 5168: 5165: 5160: 5157: 5152: 5149: 5144: 5141: 5136: 5133: 5128: 5125: 5120: 5117: 5112: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5100: 5096: 5087: 5084: 5079: 5076: 5071: 5068: 5063: 5060: 5055: 5052: 5047: 5044: 5039: 5036: 5031: 5030:Maria Theresa 5028: 5023: 5020: 5015: 5012: 5007: 5004: 4999: 4996: 4991: 4988: 4983: 4980: 4975: 4972: 4967: 4966:Ferdinand III 4964: 4959: 4956: 4951: 4948: 4943: 4940: 4935: 4934:Maximilian II 4932: 4927: 4924: 4919: 4916: 4911: 4908: 4903: 4900: 4895: 4892: 4887: 4884: 4879: 4876: 4871: 4868: 4863: 4860: 4855: 4852: 4847: 4844: 4839:Frederick II 4838: 4833: 4830: 4825: 4822: 4817: 4814: 4809: 4806: 4801: 4798: 4793: 4790: 4785: 4782: 4777: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4765: 4761: 4752: 4749: 4744: 4741: 4736: 4733: 4728: 4725: 4724: 4722: 4720: 4716: 4707: 4704: 4699: 4696: 4691: 4688: 4683: 4680: 4675: 4672: 4667: 4664: 4659: 4656: 4651: 4648: 4643: 4640: 4635: 4632: 4627: 4624: 4619: 4616: 4615: 4613: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4596: 4591: 4589: 4584: 4582: 4577: 4576: 4573: 4564: 4556: 4545: 4544: 4543: 4536: 4529: 4523: 4519: 4510: 4509: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4496: 4492: 4485: 4479: 4478: 4474: 4473: 4470: 4466: 4463: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4453: 4449: 4445: 4441: 4437: 4430: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4407: 4402: 4401: 4394: 4393: 4384: 4379: 4375: 4371: 4368: 4365: 4361: 4358:Robert Rill: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4351: 4342: 4341:88-89219-04-1 4338: 4334: 4327: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4306: 4303: 4299: 4296: 4292: 4289: 4285: 4282: 4278: 4275: 4271: 4268: 4264: 4261: 4260:0-00-215861-2 4257: 4253: 4249: 4246: 4242: 4236: 4232: 4227: 4226: 4213: 4207: 4199: 4193: 4187: 4183: 4177: 4170: 4165: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4135: 4129: 4125: 4120: 4114: 4110: 4105: 4096: 4090: 4083: 4082: 4076: 4074: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4060: 4052: 4046: 4040: 4033: 4028: 4021: 4016: 4009: 4004: 3998:, p. 54. 3997: 3992: 3986:, p. 35. 3985: 3980: 3972: 3966: 3958: 3952: 3936: 3930: 3922: 3918: 3912: 3904: 3898: 3883: 3882: 3877: 3870: 3862: 3858: 3857: 3852: 3845: 3830: 3826: 3820: 3805: 3801: 3794: 3779: 3778: 3771: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3729: 3728: 3723: 3717: 3701: 3697: 3691: 3675: 3669: 3661: 3657: 3651: 3643: 3637: 3633: 3626: 3611: 3607: 3601: 3599: 3590: 3584: 3580: 3579: 3571: 3563: 3557: 3545: 3541: 3540: 3532: 3525: 3521: 3515: 3509: 3503: 3496: 3490: 3474: 3470: 3469: 3461: 3455: 3447: 3441: 3425: 3418: 3412: 3396: 3395: 3387: 3381: 3373: 3367: 3363: 3356: 3348: 3341: 3333: 3331:9783218004855 3327: 3323: 3316: 3300: 3299: 3294: 3287: 3279: 3277:9789631347593 3273: 3269: 3262: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3239: 3230: 3223: 3217: 3208: 3201: 3195: 3188: 3184: 3179: 3177: 3167: 3160: 3154: 3152: 3144: 3138: 3129: 3122: 3116: 3109: 3103: 3094: 3087: 3081: 3074: 3068: 3061: 3055: 3047: 3045:9780002158619 3041: 3037: 3030: 3028: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3003: 3002: 2996: 2988: 2986: 2984: 2982: 2975: 2970: 2954: 2948: 2932: 2931: 2926: 2925:"Charles (I)" 2920: 2916: 2906: 2903: 2902: 2887: 2885: 2883: 2881: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2854: 2851: 2845: 2844: 2841: 2840: 2831: 2830: 2825: 2824: 2819: 2813: 2812: 2809: 2808: 2803: 2802: 2797: 2796: 2793: 2787: 2786: 2783: 2782: 2769: 2768: 2763: 2762: 2757: 2751: 2750: 2747: 2746: 2741: 2740: 2735: 2734: 2731: 2725: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2711: 2710: 2705: 2704: 2699: 2693: 2692: 2689: 2688: 2683: 2682: 2677: 2676: 2673: 2667: 2666: 2663: 2662: 2645: 2644: 2641: 2640: 2635: 2629: 2628: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2618: 2613: 2612: 2609: 2603: 2602: 2599: 2598: 2589: 2588: 2583: 2582: 2577: 2571: 2570: 2567: 2566: 2561: 2560: 2555: 2554: 2551: 2545: 2544: 2541: 2540: 2527: 2526: 2521: 2520: 2515: 2509: 2508: 2505: 2504: 2499: 2498: 2493: 2492: 2489: 2483: 2482: 2479: 2478: 2469: 2468: 2463: 2462: 2457: 2451: 2450: 2447: 2446: 2441: 2440: 2435: 2434: 2431: 2425: 2413: 2412: 2409: 2408: 2404: 2403: 2389: 2388:Prince Alfred 2385: 2381: 2374: 2371: 2369: 2368: 2363: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2343: 2333: 2331: 2330: 2325: 2324: 2320: 2314: 2310: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2297: 2292: 2287: 2283: 2276: 2274:10 March 1918 2273: 2271: 2270: 2265: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2243: 2238: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2218: 2215: 2213: 2212: 2207: 2206: 2203: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2190: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2163: 2159:Crown Prince 2158: 2157: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2143: 2137: 2132: 2128: 2120: 2115:Postage stamp 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2097: 2095: 2084: 2081: 2077: 2067: 2065: 2061: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2036: 2034: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2013: 2009: 2006: 2005: 2003: 1992: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1966: 1965: 1963: 1952: 1948: 1947:King George V 1944: 1942: 1938: 1937: 1934: 1922: 1919: 1908: 1906: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1884: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1871: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1859: 1855: 1852: 1851: 1849: 1838: 1837: 1827: 1823: 1820: 1816: 1813: 1809: 1808: 1806: 1792: 1784: 1775: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1750: 1747: 1737: 1726: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1712: 1709: 1705: 1702: 1701: 1693: 1687: 1685: 1681: 1674: 1670: 1665: 1664: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1615: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1574: 1572: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1554: 1552: 1551:beatification 1547: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1518: 1513: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1498: 1496: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1479: 1472: 1469: 1468: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1434: 1431: 1425: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1408: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1394: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1373: 1368: 1360: 1355: 1350:Beatification 1346: 1343: 1337: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1323: 1319: 1314: 1312: 1308: 1299: 1290: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1268: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1248: 1246: 1242: 1241: 1235: 1232:, across the 1231: 1230: 1225: 1221: 1212: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1184:Miklós Horthy 1182: 1178: 1174: 1168: 1158: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1131: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1115: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1101: 1097: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1063: 1061: 1058:and moved to 1057: 1053: 1044: 1035: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1019: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 993: 987: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 962: 958: 954: 950: 939: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 912: 911:Istvan Burián 907: 904: 900: 896: 892: 887: 885: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 861:, succeeding 860: 853: 849: 844: 837: 833: 829: 824: 815: 813: 809: 805: 801: 800:eastern front 797: 793: 789: 788:Field Marshal 785: 784: 783:Feldmarschall 778: 776: 772: 768: 764: 754: 752: 748: 741: 739: 735: 728: 725: 720: 718: 714: 710: 706: 694: 685: 682: 678: 674: 669: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 634: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 599:Lower Austria 596: 581: 572: 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The son of 453: 450:to rule over 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 409: 405: 401: 397: 393: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 363: 334: 325: 321: 317: 313: 310: 307: 303: 300: 297: 293: 290: 287: 283: 280: 277: 275: 271: 262: 257: 253: 247: 244: 242: 239: 237: 234: 232: 229: 227: 224: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 208: 206: 204: 200: 177: 172: 168: 164: 155: 151: 148: 144: 132: 128: 124: 121: 120: 116: 112: 109: 106: 102: 98: 96: 92: 85: 81: 76: 71: 67: 63: 50: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 9250:Austria-Este 9245:Anti-Masonry 9183: 9143: 9017:Artur Phleps 8882:Heads of the 8807:Generalmajor 8758: 8699:(GdI) Franz 8693:von Pitreich 8614: 8575: 8552: 8525:Kriegsmarine 8523: 8472: 8465: 8458: 8431: 8424: 8300: 8280: 8263: 8236: 8150: 8143: 8113: 8106: 8081: 8040: 8015: 7952: 7946: 7940: 7934: 7928: 7874:Karl Philipp 7746:Joseph Árpád 7713:Franz Joseph 7669: 7418:Joseph Franz 7357:Anton Victor 7198:Ferdinand IV 7076:Ferdinand II 7013:Maximilian I 6877:Petar Snačić 6810:Krešimir III 6713: 6700: 6625:Ferdinand IV 6620:(1637–1657) 6612:Ferdinand II 6500:Vladislaus I 6343:Ladislaus IV 6290:Ladislaus II 6285:(1162–1172) 6187: 6177: 6173: 6163: 6159: 6149: 6145: 6139: 6133: 6129: 6119: 6115: 5990: 5900:Ferdinand II 5831:Jagiellonian 5798:Non-dynastic 5682:Non-dynastic 5645:Wenceslaus I 5594:Sobeslaus II 5573:Vladislaus I 5542:Spytihněv II 5537:Bretislaus I 5507:Boleslaus II 5492:Vratislaus I 5280:Ferdinand II 5085: 4974:Ferdinand IV 4540: 4539: 4534: 4489: 4488: 4483: 4475: 4459: 4434: 4415:1 April 1922 4412: 4405: 4398: 4390: 4332: 4329:(in Italian) 4314: 4301: 4294: 4287: 4280: 4273: 4266: 4251: 4230: 4206: 4192: 4181: 4176: 4168: 4164: 4152:. 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