17:
25:
51:
43:
471:
387:
on
Kneiphof from Haberberg on 13 April, followed by indecisive fighting between Kneiphof and Altstadt from 18 to 19 April. After nine ships from Danzig arrived to aid Kneiphof, Plauen's forces took two bridges and protected them with blockhouses to prevent further reinforcements. When another fifteen
396:
sent a ship. The rebels in
Kneiphof surrendered out of hunger to Plauen on 14 July, with soldiers and citizenry receiving amnesty. Kneiphof remained distrustful of Plauen and the Teutonic Knights, but resented the lack of Polish assistance. Kneiphof continued to conspire with Danzig against the
371:
freemen bringing 300 horses, approached the city on 15 April, with
Altstadt and Löbenicht paying homage in the following days. Kneiphof remained in rebellion, however, protected by water and walls. Langerbein's forces consisted of 1,000 men, including 400 from Danzig. Plauen had the support of
218:, Kneiphof was the youngest of Königsberg's three towns, each of which had its own charter, market rights, church, and fortifications. Settlement by merchants was intensified in 1324 with construction along the Langgasse and the bridges Krämerbrücke and Grüne Brücke. It was granted
388:
ships arrived the
Danzigers were able to recapture one bridge, but took heavy losses trying for the second and retreated after four days of fighting. Plauen resisted sorties from Kneiphof and his forces steadily grew in number; the Landmeister of
362:
Brunau lost the support of
Altstadt and Löbenicht on 24 March 1455 due to spontaneous opposition from craftsmen and workers, with the rebels retreating to Kneiphof. The workers in Kneiphof were too weak to defeat Brunau's rebels. Komtur
273:
Bridges connecting
Kneiphof to Altstadt were the Krämerbrücke (built 1286), the Dombrücke (built ca. 1330, destroyed 1379), and the Schmiedebrücke (built 1379). The Honigbrücke (built 1542) connected Kneiphof to
197:(mouth of the Pregel) was encouraged in 1333, but the German townspeople instead used the Prussian name used in the 1327 charter. A town seal from 1383 and a 15th-century signet name the town as
33:
234:, which occurred from ca. 1330–80. Kneiphof's coat of arms depicted a blue-clad arm extending from waves and holding a crown, flanked by two golden hunting horns in a green field.
494:. In the 1970s the island began to be converted into a park with numerous sculptures. Reconstruction of the cathedral commenced in the 1990s. Former Kneiphof is now known as
448:
merged
Altstadt, Löbenicht, Kneiphof, and their respective suburbs into the united city of Königsberg. Königsberg Castle and its suburbs remained separate until the
356:
397:
Knights, leading Plauen to replace the entire town council and eleven burghers. In 1455 Plauen reaffirmed
Kneiphof's town rights. The war ended in 1466 with a
348:
897:
1032:
450:
340:
126:
545:
Kneiphöfische
Langgasse was one of the busiest thoroughfares in the city. Banks with locations along the street in the 20th century included
347:), Brunau hoped to turn Königsberg into an autonomous city within Poland with control over all Samland. On 19 June Kneiphof's Bürgermeister,
1022:
335:
and recognized the Polish King as rightful ruler. The rebellion in Königsberg was supported by the merchant class and led by
Altstadt's
226:. The new town of Kneiphof encompassed two-thirds of the island; in the same year Orseln granted the eastern third of the island to the
1017:
315:. Both were founding members of the Confederation in March 1440, while Löbenicht was not. In 1454, the Confederation asked Polish King
455:
1027:
479:
1012:
925:
259:
332:
302:
993:
974:
952:
913:
827:
1037:
531:
278:, while the town was connected with Vorstadt by the Grüne Brücke (built 1322) and the Köttelbrücke (built 1377).
262:. Kneiphof's warehouses were built in Vordere Vorstadt. Other places controlled by Kneiphof included the village
934:
445:
320:
962:
263:
926:
Der Kneiphof, zeichnerische Rekonstruktionen und Gedanken zur Wiedergewinnung eines historischen Stadtbildes
890:
Die Geschichte der Stadt Königsberg. Band II: Von der Königskrönung bis zum Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkriegs
878:
Die Geschichte der Stadt Königsberg. Band II: Von der Königskrönung bis zum Ausbruch des Ersten Weltkriegs
215:
86:
36:
426:
418:
364:
161:
origin, referring to a swampy land or area flushed by water; the island was bounded to the north by the
122:
866:
Preussisches Wörterbuch: Ost- und westpreussische Provinzialismen in alphabetischer Folge, Erster Band
539:
535:
417:
when the Teutonic Order's Prussian branch was secularized in 1525, and remained a fief of Poland. The
522:
served as city hall for all of Königsberg from 1724 until 1927, when the administration moved to the
490:
in 1946. Material from former Kneiphof's buildings was used for the reconstruction of cities such as
255:
286:
398:
243:
239:
106:
377:
267:
231:
118:
393:
312:
290:
523:
307:
In February 1440, representatives of both Altstadt and Kneiphof took part in a convention in
158:
316:
227:
28:
Oldest remaining seals of (from top) Altstadt (1360), Löbenicht (1413), and Kneiphof (1383)
173:), branches of the Pregel River. At the start of the 14th century the island was known in
8:
553:, Landesbank der Provinz Ostpreußen, Stadtsparkasse, and Ostbank für Handel und Gewerbe.
384:
78:
24:
16:
861:
527:
519:
433:
854:
Nordostdeutsche Städte und Landschaften No. 4: Königsberg: Die Hauptstadt Ostpreussens
989:
970:
948:
930:
909:
849:
823:
223:
837:
499:
459:
421:, the Albertina, was founded just east of the cathedral in 1544. A new campus, the
414:
328:
282:
190:
62:
336:
50:
174:
70:
42:
113:. The town was located on a 10-hectare (25-acre) island of the same name in the
389:
380:, Hans and Adolf von Gleichen, Johann von Wartenburg, and Botho von Eulenburg.
1006:
546:
507:
368:
90:
483:
437:
237:
Along with the island, the town of Kneiphof also had jurisdiction over the
20:
Aerial view of today's Kaliningrad downtown with Kneiphof in the foreground
110:
32:
885:
873:
550:
487:
470:
219:
130:
98:
94:
842:
Geschichte der königl. Haupt- und Residenzstadt Königsberg in Preussen
254:. Haberberg and Alter Garten were granted to Kneiphof by Grand Master
986:
Handbuch der historischen Stätten Deutschlands, Ost- und Westpreussen
491:
352:
247:
674:
376:
freemen, and soldiers led by Silesian and Saxon nobility, including
344:
324:
308:
905:
671:
Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych
530:, was located north of the cathedral and later hosted the combined
373:
251:
114:
436:
in 1701. In the same year the three towns resisted the efforts of
323:, to which the King agreed and signed the act of incorporation in
868:(in German). Berlin: Verlag von Th. Chr. Fr. Enslin. p. 452.
201:, or new town, but this designation was not used in documents.
134:
429:
north of Altstadt, was dedicated in 1861 as its replacement.
275:
988:(in German). Stuttgart: Alfred Kröner Verlag. p. 284.
822:(in German). Leer: Verlag Gerhard Rautenberg. p. 371.
402:
401:, according to which the town became a part of Poland as a
182:
102:
844:(in German). Stuttgart: Hobbing & Büchle. p. 354.
186:
440:
to form a proposed fourth town, Friedrichsstadt. By the
947:(in German). München: Carl Hanser Verlag. p. 736.
542:
were located in the original campus of the university.
105:
that composed the city of Königsberg, the others being
518:
Königsberg Cathedral rose high above the island town.
969:(in German). München: Aufstieg-Verlag. p. 168.
270:, and the tile factory in Genslack near Ottenhagen.
902:
Ostpreußen-Lexikon: für alle, die Ostpreußen lieben
266:, the estates Fischhof and Anker along the Pregel,
54:Reconstruction of Kneiphof in Kaliningrad's museum
1004:
856:(in German). Danzig: A. W. Kafemann. p. 75.
311:, at which a decision was made to establish the
945:Königsberg: Geschichte eine Weltbürgerrepublik
892:(in German). Köln: Böhlau Verlag. p. 761.
880:(in German). Köln: Böhlau Verlag. p. 761.
820:Lexikon der Stadt Königsberg Pr. und Umgebung
896:
961:
860:
1033:Populated places established in the 1320s
145:Medieval variations of Kneiphof included
836:
469:
355:, paid fealty to the Polish chancellor,
189:), because it was used by a vogt of the
49:
41:
31:
23:
15:
942:
848:
817:
1005:
730:
728:
668:
583:
581:
571:
569:
567:
565:
458:on 19 November 1808 during the era of
296:
983:
884:
872:
480:bombing of Königsberg in World War II
327:, and the towns rebelled against the
478:Kneiphof was devastated by the 1944
343:. Based upon the example of Danzig (
725:
578:
562:
486:in 1945, Königsberg was renamed to
331:at the beginning of the subsequent
319:to incorporate the region into the
125:. Its territory is now part of the
13:
908:: Adam Kraft Verlag. p. 328.
677:: Instytut Zachodni. p. XXXI.
46:Postcard of Kneiphöfsche Langgasse
14:
1049:
1023:Former subdivisions of Königsberg
1018:1945 disestablishments in Germany
526:. The island's secondary school,
258:for services rendered during the
532:Stadtgymnasium Altstadt-Kneiphof
222:on 6 April 1327 by Grand Master
1028:Members of the Hanseatic League
799:
790:
781:
768:
759:
750:
737:
712:
703:
694:
681:
662:
653:
506:), in honor of the philosopher
121:and the original campus of the
644:
635:
626:
617:
608:
599:
590:
465:
446:Frederick William I of Prussia
405:held by the Teutonic Knights.
1:
1013:1327 establishments in Europe
811:
408:
392:provided 500 troops and King
303:Thirteen Years' War (1454–66)
209:
963:Mühlpfordt, Herbert Meinhard
513:
432:Kneiphof became part of the
413:Kneiphof became part of the
285:, Kneiphof took part in the
140:
7:
383:Plauen led an unsuccessful
216:state of the Teutonic Order
10:
1054:
984:Weise, Erich, ed. (1981).
787:Górski, pp. 96-97, 214-215
300:
204:
534:. Königsberg's municipal
503:
372:Altstadt, Löbenicht, 300
230:to allow construction of
66:
943:Manthey, Jürgen (2005).
862:Frischbier, Hermann Karl
818:Albinus, Robert (1985).
556:
419:University of Königsberg
365:Heinrich Reuß von Plauen
287:Confederation of Cologne
165:and to the south by the
123:University of Königsberg
101:it was one of the three
37:Coat of arms of Kneiphof
1038:River islands of Russia
924:Königsberg. Im Anhang:
357:Jan Taszka Koniecpolski
967:Königsberg von A bis Z
669:Górski, Karol (1949).
504:остров Иммануила Канта
475:
474:Cathedral. Kaliningrad
444:of 13 June 1724, King
442:Rathäusliche Reglement
394:Christian I of Denmark
313:Prussian Confederation
291:Valdemar IV of Denmark
82:
74:
55:
47:
39:
29:
21:
776:Königsberg in Preußen
745:Königsberg in Preußen
720:Königsberg in Preußen
689:Königsberg in Preußen
473:
53:
45:
35:
27:
19:
317:Casimir IV Jagiellon
232:Königsberg Cathedral
228:Bishopric of Samland
119:Königsberg Cathedral
605:Hermanowski, p. 166
482:. Conquered by the
333:Thirteen Years' War
297:Thirteen Years' War
281:As a member of the
214:Founded within the
117:River and included
898:Hermanowski, Georg
850:Falkson, Ferdinand
765:Manthey, pp. 31-33
641:Mühlpfordt, p. 135
596:Frischbier, p. 389
528:Kneiphof Gymnasium
520:Kneiphof Town Hall
476:
434:Kingdom of Prussia
378:Balthasar of Żagań
171:Natangische Pregel
157:. The name was of
127:Moskovsky District
56:
48:
40:
30:
22:
838:Armstedt, Richard
659:Mühlpfordt, p. 53
349:Jürgen Langerbein
321:Kingdom of Poland
224:Werner von Orseln
1045:
999:
980:
958:
939:
922:Köster, Baldur.
919:
893:
881:
869:
857:
845:
833:
806:
805:Gause II, p. 334
803:
797:
794:
788:
785:
779:
772:
766:
763:
757:
754:
748:
741:
735:
732:
723:
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685:
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633:
630:
624:
621:
615:
612:
606:
603:
597:
594:
588:
585:
576:
573:
505:
460:Prussian reforms
423:Neue Universität
415:Duchy of Prussia
329:Teutonic Knights
283:Hanseatic League
191:Teutonic Knights
68:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1003:
1002:
996:
977:
955:
937:
916:
830:
814:
809:
804:
800:
796:Gause II, p. 65
795:
791:
786:
782:
773:
769:
764:
760:
756:Armstedt, p. 98
755:
751:
742:
738:
734:Armstedt, p. 97
733:
726:
717:
713:
708:
704:
699:
695:
686:
682:
667:
663:
658:
654:
650:Gause II, p. 69
649:
645:
640:
636:
632:Armstedt, p. 50
631:
627:
622:
618:
613:
609:
604:
600:
595:
591:
587:Albinus, p. 163
586:
579:
574:
563:
559:
516:
468:
411:
367:, supported by
305:
299:
212:
207:
143:
12:
11:
5:
1051:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1001:
1000:
994:
981:
975:
959:
953:
940:
929:– Husum 2000;
920:
914:
894:
882:
870:
858:
846:
834:
828:
813:
810:
808:
807:
798:
789:
780:
767:
758:
749:
736:
724:
711:
709:Manthey, p. 32
702:
693:
680:
661:
652:
643:
634:
625:
623:Falkson, p. 64
616:
607:
598:
589:
577:
575:Gause I, p. 37
560:
558:
555:
515:
512:
467:
464:
410:
407:
341:Andreas Brunau
301:Main article:
298:
295:
260:Horsemen's War
211:
208:
206:
203:
142:
139:
97:). During the
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1050:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
997:
995:3-520-31701-X
991:
987:
982:
978:
976:3-7612-0092-7
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
954:3-446-20619-1
950:
946:
941:
936:
932:
928:
927:
921:
917:
915:3-8083-1162-2
911:
907:
904:(in German).
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
829:3-7921-0320-6
825:
821:
816:
815:
802:
793:
784:
777:
771:
762:
753:
746:
740:
731:
729:
721:
715:
706:
700:Górski, p. 54
697:
690:
684:
676:
673:(in Polish).
672:
665:
656:
647:
638:
629:
620:
614:Weise, p. 101
611:
602:
593:
584:
582:
572:
570:
568:
566:
561:
554:
552:
548:
547:Dresdner Bank
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
511:
509:
508:Immanuel Kant
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
472:
463:
461:
457:
453:
452:
451:Städteordnung
447:
443:
439:
435:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
406:
404:
400:
395:
391:
386:
381:
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375:
370:
366:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
337:Bürgermeister
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
304:
294:
292:
289:against King
288:
284:
279:
277:
271:
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265:
261:
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253:
249:
245:
242:
241:
235:
233:
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100:
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92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
64:
60:
52:
44:
38:
34:
26:
18:
985:
966:
944:
923:
901:
889:
886:Gause, Fritz
877:
874:Gause, Fritz
865:
853:
841:
819:
801:
792:
783:
775:
770:
761:
752:
744:
739:
719:
714:
705:
696:
688:
683:
670:
664:
655:
646:
637:
628:
619:
610:
601:
592:
544:
517:
495:
484:Soviet Union
477:
449:
441:
438:Burgfreiheit
431:
422:
412:
399:peace treaty
382:
369:Old Prussian
361:
306:
280:
272:
246:and village
238:
236:
213:
199:nova civitas
198:
194:
178:
170:
166:
162:
159:Old Prussian
154:
150:
146:
144:
58:
57:
938:(in German)
551:Commerzbank
496:Kant Island
488:Kaliningrad
466:Kaliningrad
427:Paradeplatz
264:Schönfliess
220:Kulm rights
195:Pregelmünde
193:. The name
179:Vogtswerder
167:Alte Pregel
163:Neue Pregel
131:Kaliningrad
99:Middle Ages
95:Kaliningrad
89:of central
1007:Categories
935:3880429235
812:References
409:Modern era
240:Freiheiten
210:Foundation
91:Königsberg
79:Lithuanian
524:Stadthaus
514:Locations
492:Leningrad
353:Stralsund
293:in 1367.
248:Haberberg
141:Etymology
111:Löbenicht
965:(1972).
906:Mannheim
900:(1980).
888:(1968).
876:(1968).
864:(1882).
852:(1888).
840:(1899).
252:Natangia
244:Vorstadt
107:Altstadt
85:) was a
67:Кнайпхоф
59:Kneiphof
778:, p. 44
774:Gause,
747:, p. 43
743:Gause,
722:, p. 42
718:Gause,
691:, p. 41
687:Gause,
540:archive
536:library
500:Russian
425:at the
390:Livonia
374:Sambian
268:Rosenau
205:History
155:Knypabe
87:quarter
83:Knypava
75:Knipawa
63:Russian
992:
973:
951:
933:
912:
826:
675:Poznań
385:attack
345:Gdańsk
325:Kraków
309:Elbląg
256:Albert
175:German
153:, and
151:Knipab
147:Knipaw
135:Russia
115:Pregel
71:Polish
557:Notes
456:Stein
276:Lomse
103:towns
990:ISBN
971:ISBN
949:ISBN
931:ISBN
910:ISBN
824:ISBN
538:and
403:fief
183:Vogt
169:(or
109:and
454:of
351:of
250:in
187:ait
185:'s
177:as
129:of
1009::
727:^
580:^
564:^
549:,
510:.
502::
462:.
359:.
339:,
149:,
137:.
133:,
81::
77:;
73::
69:;
65::
998:.
979:.
957:.
918:.
832:.
498:(
181:(
93:(
61:(
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