730:
742:
Asia during this period took with it Indian traditions and culture to what are now
Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Burma, Cambodia and Laos where it took roots and continues to flourish to this day. It is also during this time that Buddhist monks introduced traditional Indian spices, curry, and coconut milk to Laos. However, unlike most of its neighbours, Lao people's affinity for glutinous or sticky rice and Lao cuisine's heavy focus on sticky rice meant that coconut milk and noodles never played a significant role in Lao cuisine. Instead, coconut milk, curry and noodles are limited to a few Laotian soups, noodle dishes and sticky rice-based desserts.
1800:
27:
580:). Laos has the highest sticky rice consumption per-capita in the world with an average of 171 kilograms (377 lb) of sticky rice consumed annually per person. Sticky rice is deeply ingrained in the culture, religious tradition, and national identity of Laos. It is a common belief within the Lao community that no matter where they are in the world, sticky rice will always be the glue that holds the Lao communities together, connecting them to their culture and to Laos. Affinity for sticky rice is considered the essence of what it means to be
904:
mainstream customers. Because most
Americans are unfamiliar with Laotian food, Lao entrepreneurs have aimed to acquire more business by advertising themselves as Thai restaurants: the latter have successfully achieved popularity with the mainstream population. These restaurateurs would then incorporate Lao dishes onto the menu. Although there are many similarities between Lao and northern Thai cuisine, certain foods will distinguish a true Thai restaurant from a Lao-owned restaurant would be the inclusion of "sticky rice" on the menu...
3271:
2666:
2649:). The greens are usually fresh raw greens, herbs and other vegetables, though depending on the dish they accompany, they could also be steamed or more typically, parboiled. Dishes are not eaten in sequence; the soup is sipped throughout the meal. Beverages, including water, are not typically a part of the meal. When guests are present, the meal is always a feast, with food made in quantities sufficient for twice the number of diners. For a host, not having enough food for guests would be humiliating.
9199:
3537:
2927:
19:
9210:
609:(IRRI) has described Laos as a "collector's paradise". Laos has the highest degrees of biodiversity of sticky rice in the world. As of 2013, approximately 6,530 glutinous rice varieties were collected from five continents (Asia, South America, North America, Europe and Africa) where glutinous rice are grown for preservation at the International Rice Genebank (IRGC). The IRRI gathered more than 13,500 samples and 3,200 varieties of glutinous rice from Laos.
5879:
2731:
1973:
1065:
2573:
3725:
9250:
2475:
9230:
2402:
5670:
5235:
3933:
429:
2073:
60:
9240:
476:
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9187:
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840:(papaya salad), and other Lao favorites were available in Bangkok only around the boxing stadium where northeastern boxers and fans gathered to eat and drink before and after boxing matches. Lao food could also be found outside construction sites in mobile food carts providing construction workers from the northeast with their regional foods and beside gas stations serving long-distance bus drivers.
823:
of migrants from Isan further south to
Bangkok, the Thai capital has in many respects become the epicenter of Lao cuisine. Some estimate that more Lao are there than in any other city in the world, including Vientiane. There are also sizable expatriate communities in places like the United States and France that make for numerous culinary variations abroad.
822:
Any discussion about Lao cuisine cannot be limited to Laos. There are approximately six times more ethnic Lao in the Isan region of northeastern
Thailand than in Laos itself, which makes it necessary to go beyond national boundaries in search of definitively Lao food. In fact, with the recent droves
741:
Like most
Southeast Asian nations, Laos has been heavily influenced by Indian and Chinese culture. From time immemorial, Lao people traded directly with ancient China. It was the Indianization of Laos, however, that has had the most impact. The spread of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam into Southeast
878:
Consequently, Thaification has led to social discrimination against northeasterners, and the word "Lao" became a derogatory term. Being "Lao" was stigmatized as being uneducated and backward, causing many northeasterners to be ashamed to be known as Lao. However, there is a sense of resurgence and
908:
One of the earliest Thai restaurants to open in North
America was by Keo Sananikone, a Lao refugee and early pioneer of Thai food in the US. In 1977, Keo opened a series of Thai restaurants starting with Mekong, Keo's, and Mekong II in Hawaii, which became a hot spot for the Hollywood crowd. Keo
903:
Unlike ethnic specific stores, Lao-owned restaurants are doing better in reaching out to the general public. Although there are some restaurants that advertised as singularly "Laotian", many Lao restaurants are established under the guise of Thai restaurants and Thai/Lao restaurants to entice
852:
and the northeastern railway connecting central
Thailand to its northern provinces created a gateway for one of Thailand's biggest inter-regional migrations during the economic boom of the 1980s, as demand for labour increased. It was estimated that between 1980 and 1990, about 1.1 million
899:) restaurants they are actually eating the Thai versions of traditional Lao food. This accidental reinforcement of Thaification by expatriate Lao communities and Lao restaurateurs is observed by Malaphone Phommasa and Celestine Detvongsa in their article "Lao American Ethnic Economy":
4472:
Description Du
Royaume De Siam, Par Simon De Laloubรจre, envoyรฉ Extraordinaire Du Roy auprรจs Du Roy De Siam: oรน l'on voit quelles sont les opinions, les moeurs & la religion des Siamois: avec plusieurs remarques de physique touchant les plantes & les animaux du
2535:
Grilling, boiling, stewing, steaming, searing and mixing (as in salads) are all traditional cooking methods. Stir-frying is common, and considered to be a
Chinese influence. Stews are often green in color, because of the large proportion of vegetables used as well as
713:
originally came from a northern region that is now part of China. As they moved south they brought their traditions with them. Due to historical Lao migrations from Laos into neighboring regions, Lao cuisine has influenced the mainly Lao-populated region of
3312:โ steamed glutinous rice. Popularly known as "sticky rice". This type of rice is usually kept in a bamboo basket and is shared among all diners. Different ingredients such as coconut milk and red beans can be added to make the rice into a sweet dessert.
913:, in 1985. Keo explains the reason for opening Thai as opposed to Lao restaurants: "I felt that Laotian food would not have been successful in America at that time. Laotian food is very basic and simple, and Thai food is very exotic and colourful."
2563:
Ways Lao food differs from neighboring cuisines include that Lao meals commonly include a large quantity of fresh raw greens, vegetables and herbs served undressed on the side, and that savory dishes are never sweet, and some dishes are bitter.
882:
In the West, even with sizable expatriate communities, Lao cuisine is still virtually unknown, even though much of what is served in Thai restaurants is likely to be Lao or Lao-owned. Unbeknownst to most people, when they eat their favourite
844:
At the conclusion of the
Vietnam War, between 1975 and 1995, it was estimated that approximately 200,000 Lao refugees crossed the Mekong River into Thailand. Most stayed in the refugee camps while others moved to Bangkok looking for work.
864:โby reducing the chili peppers and increasing the sugar, and ignored other dishes such as fermented fish and insects". According to Professor Sirijit Sunanta, these dishes were then represented as Thai food when presented to the world.
802:
around the early-1700s and by the time Pallegoix arrived as missionary to Bangkok, the papaya and chili peppers was already fully integrated in the Lao territory, dependencies and the Southeast Asian food culture as a whole.
827:
According to the cultural anthropologist Penny Van Esterik, during the 1950s and 1960s, Lao food was little known by the central Thais and could be found only where there were gatherings of Lao or northeasterners:
3618:; lit. 'sweet things'). Lao desserts are generally made with the combination of tropical fruits and glutinous rice products. These can vary from types of cakes, to jelly, to drinks, and custards.
6673:
1055:), noodles that are made from rice. This should not be confused with Vietnamese pho. Though the word has Vietnamese origin, the dish it refers to in Laos might not be the same as Vietnamese pho.
856:
Van Esterik also noted that, "n attempting to include northeastern food in a standardized national cuisine, middle-class Bangkok selected and modified the taste of a few dishesโgrilled chicken,
4807:
Stokes, Daniel. 2003. "Low language in high places: social and political perspectives on grammar in the prose of 'Rong Wongsawan'". Thesis (M.A.). University of WisconsinโMadison, 2003. p. 38.
2098:: steamed fish, typically wrapped in banana leaves and tied with bamboo string. It is made with lemongrass, kaffir leaves, green onions, fish sauce, green chiles, shrimp paste, and fresh dill.
5136:
Traditional Recipes of Laos: Being the Manuscript Recipe Books of the Late Phia Sing, from the Royal Palace at Luang Prabang, Reproduced in Facsimile and Furnished With an English Translation
4703:
Sunanta, Sirijit. 2005. "The globalization of Thai cuisine". Paper presented at the Canadian Council for Southeast Asian Studies Conference, York University, 14โ16 October in Toronto, Canada
853:
northeasterners moved from the northeast to central Thailand and Bangkok. This, in turn, helped popularize and create an unprecedented demand for Lao food outside of Laos and the northeast.
4652:
3756:. The custom in Laos is to drink coffee in glasses, with condensed milk in the bottom, followed by a chaser of green tea. The highly regarded tea is also grown on the Bolovens Plateau.
6683:
729:
4331:
867:
Although more ethnic Lao live in Thailand than in Laos and Lao cuisine is key to popularising Thai food abroad, the word "Lao" is hardly mentioned. This is perhaps due to forced
1032:
which are made from rice which has first been fermented for three days, boiled, and then made into noodles by pressing the resulting dough through a sieve into boiling water.
2638:) were used only for noodles. Most food was handled by hand. The reason this custom evolved is probably due to the fact that sticky rice can only be easily handled by hand.
5990:
749:, non-native cropsโsuch as tomato, papaya, sweetcorn, pineapple, and chili peppersโwere introduced to Southeast Asia probably through the various sea ports of modern-day
4553:
Voyage d'exploration en Indochine, effectuรฉ pendant les anneรฉs 1866, 1867 et 1868 par une commission franรงaise prรฉsidรฉe par M. le capitaine de frรฉgate, Doudart de Lagrรฉe
2149:
236:
4566:
Voyage Dans Les Royaumes De Siam, De Cambodge, De Laos Et Autres Parties Centrales De L'Indo-Chine: Relation Extraite Du Journal Et De La Correspondance De L'auteur
2156:
765:. Through trades with the Portuguese and other Europeans, acceptance and cultivation of non-native crops and ingredients quickly spread throughout Southeast Asia.
3396:). Noodles are popular dishes in northern and central Laos. These can vary from "wet noodles" served with broth, or "dry noodles" which are typically stir-fried.
2170:
3998:
2221:
675:
Lao cuisine has many regional variations, corresponding in part to the fresh foods local to each region. A French legacy is still evident in the capital city,
5430:
2244:
2584:
The traditional manner of eating was communal, with diners sitting on a reed mat on the wooden floor around a raised platform woven out of rattan called a
5868:
4140:
200:
4300:
2901:
made with rice paper, vermicelli, lettuce, and various fillings including shrimp. It is usually eaten with peanut sauce or Laotian sweet sauce. Known as
2560:
is grilled fish. Before grilling, the meat may be seasoned with minced garlic, minced coriander root, minced galangal, salt, soy sauce, and fish sauce.
5481:
5848:
5516:
180:
2989:โ is the following salads made with Lao chili peppers, lime juice, tomatoes, fish sauce/paste, and sugar. Crab paste and shrimp paste are optional.
2969:โ a spicy Lao minced meat salad made with fermented fish and herbs. Various meats include fish, duck, chicken, pork, and beef, as well as mushrooms.
5808:
5649:
5278:
140:
2783:โ steamed, boiled egg made by making a hole in the egg to remove the contents and pouring it back in after mixing the yolk with other ingredients.
5578:
4171:
5583:
5450:
247:
5803:
135:
5308:
3080:
311:
5639:
5491:
5445:
8913:
5634:
4358:
9039:
6027:
5644:
5573:
5511:
5338:
3752:
are grown in Laos. Most of the Arabica in Laos is consumed locally and most of the Robusta is exported to Thailand, where it goes into
531:
5046:. Proceedings of a workshop on Asia-Pacific resources and their potential for development. 19โ21 February 2008, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
4448:
Staunton, Sidney Augustus. The War in Tong-King: Why the French Are in Tong-King, and What They Are Doing There. Cupples, Upham, 1884.
3779:
and is served from an earthen jar. It is communally and competitively drunk through straws at festive occasions. It can be likened to
6975:
5552:
5542:
5303:
459:
5328:
8175:
7176:
6945:
5929:
4891:
3348:โ steamed white rice. Jasmine rice is generally used. This type of rice is also used as an ingredient for many stir-fried dishes.
5614:
4917:
4388:
4283:
3360:, chopped peanuts, grated coconut, sliced scallions or shallots, mint, cilantro, lime juice, fish sauce, and other ingredients.
3691:โ a general name for a dessert which can contain tapioca and various fruits including durian, jack fruit, and water chestnuts.
3320:(lit. 'rice wet rice') โ rice porridge. Toppings may contain blood curds, century eggs, fried onions or garlic, and scallions.
2612:
is the exception rather than the rule. The custom is maintained, however, at temples, where each monk is served his meal on a
875:", in which any mention of "Lao" and other non-Thai descriptors were removed and replaced with "northeastern Thai" or "Isan".
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6970:
6350:
5719:
5223:
5172:
5158:
4368:
4341:
4266:
606:
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3744:
around the town of Pakxong. This area is sometimes said to be the best place in Southeast Asia for coffee cultivation. Both
697:) are sold on the street and French restaurants are common and popular, which were first introduced when Laos was a part of
9243:
5944:
4488:
The History of Plant Use in Laos: Analysis of European Accounts of Plant Use for Primarily Religious and Medicinal Purposes
3999:"Rice Landscape Analysis - Feasibility of and opportunities for rice fortification in the Lao People's Democratic Republic"
378:
2114:
493:
3134:โ a spicy and sour soup made with lemongrass and various meats such as beef, chicken, pork, and shrimp or other seafood.
8611:
6726:
6012:
5858:
190:
3971:
768:
By the mid-1500s, Europeans were exploring and trading with mainland Southeast Asia, reaching as far as Vientiane and
8713:
6034:
5843:
5143:
5121:
5106:
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4738:
4592:
4224:
2522:
489:
175:
4619:
2504:
9279:
9003:
6803:
6791:
5970:
2952:), is a general name to describe a dish with mixed vegetables, herbs, and spices. Meat salads in Laos are known as
3641:โ jelly-like rice cake, unique for its layers. It is usually green from the use of pandan leaves as an ingredient.
4495:
4109:
Fairbank, J. K., Loewe, M., & Twitchett, D. C. (1986). "The Ch'in and Han Empires 221 B.C.-A.D. 220" (1986).
4486:
7062:
4148:
2500:
772:. Some of the more notable Europeans who had travelled there or wrote extensively about their experiences were
4983:
4308:
8888:
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6164:
452:
3824:
magazine described it as Asia's best beer. In June 2005, it beat 40 other brews to take the silver prize at
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8779:
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6017:
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2496:
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8923:
8908:
8845:
8743:
8374:
6303:
5798:
5732:
5131:
4754:
Jory, PDE (2000). "Multiculturalism in Thailand: Cultural and Regional Resurgence in a Diverse Kingdom".
4057:
130:
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806:
French explorer Mouhot, during his trip to Luang Prabang, noted that the Laotians adored chili peppers.
8988:
8898:
8537:
8507:
7295:
6186:
6108:
5909:
4258:
3799:. However, there is also a popular variant of lao lao made from purple rice, which has a pinkish hue.
2641:
Lao meals typically consist of a soup dish, a grilled dish, a sauce, greens, and a stew or mixed dish (
5624:
8903:
8863:
8589:
8547:
8542:
8517:
8063:
6960:
6850:
6343:
6252:
6242:
6179:
5985:
5778:
5712:
5537:
5216:
4169:
110:
4088:
3627:โ a sweet sticky rice dish made with red beans, coconut, coconut milk, and sugar prepared in bamboo.
9223:
8983:
8938:
8853:
8688:
8666:
8651:
8641:
8626:
8594:
8527:
8522:
8502:
7434:
6845:
6840:
6764:
6678:
6183:
6137:
6022:
5899:
2485:
445:
9097:
8801:
8661:
8646:
8636:
8512:
8460:
8414:
7451:
7107:
7087:
6771:
6638:
6272:
6209:
6103:
5853:
2489:
785:
413:
272:
185:
3205:โ Laotian-styled barbecue. Traditional meats and vegetables are seared on a dome-shaped griddle.
2080:
Although Laos is landlocked, different types of fish are consumed, especially freshwater ones.
1799:
8918:
8769:
8656:
8569:
8200:
7382:
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6950:
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6870:
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6049:
6044:
5934:
5924:
5878:
4028:
5193:
4214:
3814:
795:
773:
8868:
8858:
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8559:
8225:
8180:
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7750:
7616:
7551:
7511:
7305:
6875:
6808:
6558:
6428:
5904:
5231:
5060:
4252:
3356:โ crispy rice salad made with deep-fried rice balls, chunks of fermented pork sausage called
2711:โ sweet and spicy paste made with roasted chilies, pork skin, galangal and other ingredients.
2251:
2134:
715:
213:
7973:
7377:
4895:
9274:
9056:
9051:
9034:
8953:
8796:
8723:
8604:
8599:
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8532:
8270:
8160:
7834:
7829:
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6488:
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5788:
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5027:
4002:
3976:
2207:
1636:
408:
383:
120:
115:
4691:"MURILCA : Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia, Mahidol University"
3685:โ a green, worm-like dessert made with rice jelly, coconut milk, and liquefied palm sugar.
26:
8:
9253:
8302:
8205:
8195:
8170:
8053:
8013:
7983:
7953:
7948:
7770:
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7012:
6955:
6818:
6643:
6563:
6393:
6383:
6075:
6000:
3761:
3759:
There are two general types of traditional alcoholic beverages, both produced from rice:
3561:
9229:
5184:
3649:โ steamed rice wrapped in banana leaf. Various fillings include pork, bananas, and taro.
9066:
8933:
8813:
8429:
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8404:
8292:
8260:
8235:
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5425:
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2602:
will have one or more baskets of sticky rice, which is shared by all the diners at the
2177:
2122:
1874:), used as a green colouring agent and as a seasoning or thickener for soups and stews.
1854:
981:
746:
619:
195:
3547:
Bread is originally a French import, but very popular. The most common form is small
2634:
Traditionally, spoons were used only for soups and white rice, and chopsticks (เปเบกเปเบเบนเป,
9145:
9019:
8883:
8784:
8748:
8718:
8467:
8399:
8389:
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220:
170:
160:
5047:
5042:
4956:
4944:
Asian Americans An Encyclopedia of Social, Cultural, Economic, and Political History
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4281:
2424:. It is shaped like a bucket, with room for a single pot or pan to sit on top. The
9213:
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9152:
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8968:
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7057:
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7017:
7007:
6997:
6920:
6915:
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6830:
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6528:
6508:
6468:
6438:
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6403:
6388:
6378:
6204:
6174:
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5939:
5748:
4946:. Ed. Xiaojian Zhao, Edward J.W. Park, PhD. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2013. 746-747.
3741:
3270:
3002:
2903:
1808:
698:
283:
80:
5013:
798:(1642-1729) observed that the cultivation of the papaya was already widespread in
662:), a spicy mixture of marinated meat or fish that is sometimes raw (prepared like
8973:
8963:
8943:
8835:
8708:
8678:
8497:
8477:
8424:
8379:
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7186:
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6593:
6588:
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pride in Lao identity as it loses its stigma, particularly among the Isan youth.
849:
324:
150:
70:
50:
9233:
8733:
4333:
The Curry Book: Memorable Flavors and Irresistible Recipes from Around the World
2665:
1236:), both leaves and seeds added to dips, marinades, and a wide variety of dishes.
9092:
9029:
8998:
8958:
8728:
8631:
8579:
8564:
8487:
8482:
8419:
8317:
8250:
8220:
8210:
8143:
8088:
8078:
8033:
7938:
7881:
7851:
7824:
7819:
7814:
7688:
7653:
7643:
7596:
7546:
7506:
7486:
7481:
7424:
7409:
7367:
7345:
7268:
7231:
6905:
6865:
6835:
6633:
6613:
6573:
6548:
6498:
6478:
6443:
6373:
6247:
6169:
6093:
5823:
5440:
5343:
4627:
Food and Foodways: Explorations in the History and Culture of Human Nourishment
4187:
2973:
2370:
2326:
2008:
1184:
950:
669:
351:
297:
155:
4999:
4058:"Geographical Distribution of Glutinous Rice in the Greater Mekong Sub-region"
9268:
9125:
9046:
8978:
8878:
8703:
8693:
8621:
8492:
8394:
8327:
8312:
8148:
8138:
8133:
8043:
7765:
7715:
7710:
7648:
7601:
7419:
7300:
7263:
7253:
7117:
7047:
6980:
6892:
6798:
6603:
6578:
6533:
6458:
6359:
6312:
6277:
6267:
6232:
6214:
6149:
5379:
5258:
4942:
Phommasa, Malaphone, and Celestine Detvongsa. "Lao American Ethnic Economy".
4073:
3946:
3860:
3421:
2931:
2790:
2457:
2278:
2037:
1415:
1068:
769:
362:
346:
338:
319:
307:
41:
4817:
3291:; lit. 'food with rice'), are dishes made with rice as the main ingredient.
2842:โ thinly sliced beef jerky with sweeter taste and covered with sesame seeds.
784:(1596), Geebard van Wusthof (1641), Giovanni Filippo de Marini (1642-1648),
9203:
9140:
8948:
8455:
8450:
8344:
8123:
7663:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7516:
6583:
6257:
6194:
5588:
5359:
4213:
White, Daniel; Emmons, Ron; Eveland, Jennifer; Lin-Liu, Jen (9 June 2011).
3808:
3670:
3611:
3593:
3581:
3552:
3389:
3375:
3340:
3284:
3220:
3149:
3057:
3046:
2945:
2806:
2749:
2683:
2433:
2053:
2041:
2029:
2017:
2001:
1989:
1954:
1942:
1931:
1919:
1893:
1881:
1870:
1858:
1847:
1835:
1824:
1812:
1791:
1779:
1775:
1768:
1756:
1745:
1733:
1725:
1713:
1702:
1690:
1675:
1663:
1652:
1640:
1623:
1611:
1596:
1584:
1573:
1561:
1550:
1538:
1523:
1514:
1502:
1491:
1479:
1475:
1464:
1452:
1437:
1425:
1421:
1408:
1396:
1379:
1374:
1362:
1347:
1335:
1324:
1312:
1301:
1289:
1278:
1266:
1255:
1243:
1232:
1223:
1211:
1200:
1188:
1177:
1168:
1156:
1152:
1145:
1133:
1122:
1110:
1106:
1095:
1083:
1051:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1024:
1012:
997:
985:
966:
954:
943:
931:
868:
789:
777:
734:
693:
684:
650:
641:
623:
598:
589:
576:
563:
525:
513:
497:
483:
403:
3536:
3426:
9191:
8823:
8616:
6317:
6007:
5793:
5763:
5686:
5674:
5460:
5404:
5374:
5283:
3938:
3924:
3655:โ coconut dumpling made on a griddle. It may be topped with green onions.
3523:
3112:
2926:
2914:
2898:
2818:
2437:
2306:
2274:
2214:
1981:
1331:
1079:
892:
758:
559:
433:
290:
125:
95:
18:
2624:. In modern homes, the term for preparing the table for a meal is still
602:), which can be translated as 'children or descendants of sticky rice'.
5833:
5813:
5758:
5753:
5593:
5506:
5318:
5313:
5273:
5034:
3838:
3724:
3469:
3425:โ rice flour noodles in chicken broth. Similar to the Vietnamese dish,
3401:
3303:
3116:โ a spicy and sour soup made with coconut milk, mushrooms, and chicken.
2730:
2362:
2358:
2266:
2192:
2013:
1972:
1911:
1831:
1448:
1100:
1064:
971:
710:
581:
555:
165:
145:
90:
85:
3753:
2977:โ a meat-based salad similar to larb. It can also be made into a stew.
9024:
8445:
5568:
5399:
5384:
5369:
5127:
4774:
Linguistic Diversity and National Unity: Language Ecology in Thailand
4254:
Asian Cuisines: Food Culture from East Asia to Turkey and Afghanistan
3951:
3589:
3509:
3437:
3169:โ grilled, marinated duck head. It can be considered as an appetizer.
2767:
2707:
2670:
2572:
2350:
2342:
2314:
2270:
2228:
2184:
2059:
1961:
1392:
1207:
1072:
1008:
1002:
781:
676:
5058:
3316:
2756:), are dishes served as snacks, before the main dish, or with beer.
2652:
The custom is to close the rice basket when one is finished eating.
2594:
which is of a standard size. Where there are many diners, multiple
2474:
737:
during his travels in Laos depicting Laotians cooking over a bonfire
9115:
5919:
5773:
5768:
5619:
5496:
5435:
5389:
5323:
5263:
3645:
3548:
3515:
3487:
3352:
3324:
2586:
2548:
2421:
2401:
2330:
2318:
2302:
2282:
1709:
1262:
1259:), eaten as a garnish or as a substitute for green papaya in salad.
1239:
872:
750:
719:
680:
105:
100:
3828:'s Osiris Beer Festival, which it had entered for the first time.
3485:โ stir-fried noodles mixed with lightly scrambled egg. Similar to
2721:, fish, roast garlic, chilies, lemon grass, and other ingredients.
536:
9120:
8818:
8738:
6735:
6085:
5654:
5547:
5532:
5409:
5333:
5293:
5253:
4514:
Mission Pavie, exploration de l'Indo-Chine: mรฉmoires et documents
4510:
Mission Pavie, exploration de l'Indo-Chine: mรฉmoires et documents
3803:
3767:
3698:
3455:
3130:
3061:
2857:
2826:
2735:
2413:
2382:
2374:
2322:
2072:
1897:), eaten raw, in stews, and can be made into a spicy bean salad (
1686:
975:
884:
762:
754:
664:
544:
6328:
5697:
4439:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. xxxi, 231, 306, 365.
3451:โ pan-fried rice noodles topped with thinly sliced egg omelette.
2103:
Raw shrimp: freshly squeezed lemon juice, spices, and fish sauce
5914:
5598:
5476:
5394:
3868:
3825:
3681:
3623:
3098:
2761:
2718:
2378:
2346:
2338:
2334:
2310:
2290:
2286:
2236:
1938:
1752:
1630:
1607:
1498:
1358:
1308:
1285:
1129:
59:
4733:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 131โ135.
4416:"Maritime Trade in the Philippines During the 15th Century CE"
3716:
9130:
8552:
5486:
3665:
3442:
2765:โ fried snack made of fresh water algae, usually served with
2366:
2354:
2298:
1382:
9186:
5681:
4459:
A New and Interesting Description of Lao Kingdom (1642-1648)
3918:
9164:
9135:
8808:
6704:
5728:
5288:
5234:
5040:
Durst, P.B., D.V. Johnson, R.N. Leslie and K. Shono (eds).
4620:"From Marco Polo to McDonald's: Thai cuisine in transition"
3780:
3430:
3274:
Sticky rice served in a basket at a restaurant in Vientiane
2965:
2126:
1580:
1386:
927:
909:
later wrote an internationally best-selling Thai cookbook,
896:
888:
799:
614:
548:
4653:"Laotians Waiting in Thai Camps for Chance to Fight Again"
2461:
and other foods. It is indispensable in the Lao kitchen.
1149:), a raw accompaniment to noodle soup or cooked in others.
9157:
5629:
5364:
4212:
3407:
2425:
1828:), stir-fried, steamed, or eaten raw as an accompaniment.
4786:
1282:), typically used in soups, mixed dishes, and marinades.
612:
The trifecta of Laos' national cuisine are sticky rice,
4920:. Nationmultimedia.com. 16 January 2012. Archived from
4091:. Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage
2440:. Sticky rice is steamed inside of a bamboo basket, a
818:, Arne Kislenko noted the following about Lao cuisine:
5114:
Ant Egg Soup: The Adventures of a Food Tourist in Laos
4516:, Pierre Lefรจvre-Pontalis. Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1894.
4246:
4134:
4132:
2580:
e, a platform for arranging and presenting a Lao meal.
832:
In the 1950s and 1960s glutinous rice, roast chicken,
4854:"Thailand | history โ geography :: Cuisine"
1204:), used in soups, curries, omelettes, and stir-fries.
871:, an official attempt to promote national unity and "
4881:. 9th ed. Footscray, Vic.: Lonely Planet, 2010. 157.
4389:"Influences portugaises sur la cuisine cambodgienne"
4141:"L.A.'s Idea of Thai Food vs. What Thais Really Eat"
3914:
5151:
Food from Northern Laos โ The Boat Landing Cookbook
4129:
4527:Exploration De L'Indo-Chine: mรฉmoires Et Documents
4475:. Vol. 2, Amsterdam: Chez David Mortier, 1714. 67.
3479:โ wheat noodles in a broth of vegetables and meat.
2444:, which sits on top of a pot, which is called the
5059:Jeff Cranmer; Steven Martin; Kirby Coxon (2002).
5048:http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i1380e/i1380e00.htm
4728:
4124:Real Thai the best of Thailand's regional cooking
3566:
9266:
4985:Food Culture In Southeast Asia Penny Van Esterik
4576:
4574:
4298:
2861:โ pickled pork with pork skin (summer sausages).
4613:
4611:
1059:
4711:
4709:
4126:. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1992. p. 79.
4051:
4049:
3864:โ coconut juice; with or without coconut meat.
2836:โ Laotian beef jerky that is flash-fried beef.
978:content, and is especially sticky when cooked.
895:at their favourite Thai or northeastern Thai (
6720:
6344:
5713:
5217:
5000:"Lao Fish Larb with Lime Lemongrass Dressing"
4776:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
4571:
3972:"A Taste of Sticky Rice, Laos' National Dish"
3417:โ soup made with glass noodles and meatballs.
704:
453:
5014:"Mok Pa (Lao Steamed Fish in Banana Leaves)"
4766:
4608:
4555:, 2 vols. Paris: Hachette et Cie, 1873. 454.
4113:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
3872:โ iced coffee; black or with condensed milk.
2690:), a popular type of dipping sauce in Laos.
1803:Stir-fried water spinach at a Lao restaurant
1418:โ ("Lao dill"), used in stews and eaten raw.
584:. Often the Lao will refer to themselves as
4706:
4617:
4387:Thalias, Nikki Sullivan (7 February 2022).
4046:
4023:
4021:
4019:
3677:) โ rice dumpling stuff with sweet coconut.
3441:โ rice vermicelli soup, also known as "Lao
3181:โ grilled fish mixed with spices and herbs.
3102:โ Luang Prabang style green vegetable stew.
2503:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1627:), shredded and used in spicy papaya salad.
6727:
6713:
6351:
6337:
5720:
5706:
5224:
5210:
5153:. Te Awamutu, New Zealand: Galangal Press
5101:. Rutland, Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle Co.
4877:Burke, Andrew, and Austin Bush. "Eating."
4729:Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2009).
4722:
4508:Pavie, Auguste, Lefรจvre-Pontalis, Pierre.
4413:
4382:
4380:
3791:is more like a whiskey. It is also called
1729:), sour fruit used in soups or as a snack.
1126:), used in stews or boiled as a side dish.
460:
446:
4981:
4842:. 2nd ed. London: Rough Guides, 2002. 43.
4564:Mouhot, Henri, and Ferdinand de. Lanoye.
4329:
4188:"Laos Food - An introduction to Lao Food"
3906:โ Lao rice wine made with glutinous rice.
3465:โ wheat noodles with vegetables and meat.
2879:โ pickled cabbage with pickled pork ears.
2523:Learn how and when to remove this message
631:
5043:Forest insects as food: humans bite back
4580:
4086:
4016:
3723:
3715:
3535:
3332:โ baked sticky rice seasoned with eggs.
3269:
2925:
2729:
2664:
2571:
2400:
2115:List of edible insects by country ยง Laos
2071:
1971:
1798:
1772:), used as a garnish or in papaya salad.
1412:), Isan: เนเธกเธเธฅเธฑเธ used in soups and stews.
1063:
728:
718:, and Lao foods were also introduced to
668:) with a variable combination of herbs,
25:
17:
4680:. St Leonards: AlIen & Unwin; 1996.
4386:
4377:
4356:
4055:
3473:โ rice vermicelli made in coconut milk.
3088:โ a green stew made with bamboo shoots.
1656:), a blossom used in soups and curries.
809:
494:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
9267:
4484:
4435:Mendes Pinto, F. and Catz, R. (2013).
4138:
3527:โ tangy salad made with glass noodles.
3459:โ stir-fried noodles covered in gravy.
1604:), a bitter vegetable often eaten raw.
1472:), used in soups, stews and marinades.
8914:Historical North Indian and Pakistani
6708:
6332:
5701:
5205:
4894:. Tourismthailand.org. Archived from
4676:Phongpaichit, Pasuk and Chris Baker.
4425:– via Journals.openedition.org.
3806:has become very popular in Laos. The
3635:โ sticky rice with coconut and mango.
2052:
2028:
2000:
1953:
1930:
1892:
1869:
1846:
1823:
1790:
1767:
1744:
1724:
1701:
1674:
1651:
1622:
1595:
1572:
1549:
1522:
1513:
1490:
1463:
1436:
1407:
1373:
1355:), typically used in soups and stews.
1346:
1323:
1300:
1277:
1254:
1231:
1222:
1199:
1176:
1167:
1144:
1121:
1094:
1050:
1023:
996:
965:
942:
692:
649:
607:International Rice Research Institute
597:
575:
524:
9219:
4753:
4618:Van Esterik, Penny (30 April 2010).
4299:Deborah S. Hartz (3 December 1997).
4056:Sattaka, Patcha (27 December 2016).
3969:
3029:โ spicy green long/yard beans salad.
2501:adding citations to reliable sources
2468:
1905:
1495:), common ingredient to many dishes.
9239:
5165:Lao Cooking and The Essence of Life
5134:and Jennifer Davidson, eds. (1981)
4089:"Forklife: Children of Sticky Rice"
3592:and condiments, the Lao version of
2703:โ made from roasted sweet tomatoes.
2396:
1633:โ typically used in stews (bitter).
970:), a type of rice which has opaque
921:
13:
5091:
4838:Cranmer, Jeff, and Steven Martin.
4357:Kochhar, Atul (17 December 2015).
4139:Nguyen, Tien (12 September 2011).
3199:โ grilled, marinated chicken feet.
3035:
2464:
14:
9291:
6358:
5727:
5178:
4851:
3240:โ chicken steamed in banana leaf.
3209:
3138:
2995:โ spicy vermicelli noodles salad.
2567:
2083:Notable Lao fish dishes include:
1001:), transparent noodles made from
9248:
9238:
9228:
9218:
9209:
9208:
9197:
9185:
5877:
5680:
5668:
5233:
5112:Du Pont De Bie, Natacha (2004).
4247:Anderson, E.N.; Buell, Paul D.;
3931:
3917:
3831:
3499:โ stir-fried broad rice noodles.
2473:
2113:This section is an excerpt from
1577:), used in soups and stir-fries.
474:
427:
58:
9249:
5052:
5020:
5006:
4992:
4975:
4949:
4936:
4910:
4884:
4871:
4845:
4832:
4810:
4801:
4779:
4747:
4697:
4683:
4670:
4645:
4558:
4545:
4532:
4519:
4502:
4496:North Carolina State University
4478:
4464:
4451:
4442:
4429:
4407:
4350:
4323:
4292:
4275:
4240:
4206:
4180:
3740:in Lao), which is grown on the
3707:โ jelly made with coconut milk.
3336:is also another name for bread.
1935:), used as a general condiment.
636:). The most famous Lao dish is
8904:Historical Indian subcontinent
6674:British Indian Ocean Territory
4719:. London: Reaktion, 2002. 130.
4307:. Sun-Sentinel. Archived from
4163:
4116:
4111:The Cambridge history of China
4103:
4080:
3991:
3970:Ives, Mike (1 February 2011).
3963:
3802:The Lao state-owned brewery's
3265:
3261:โ steak in a banana leaf wrap.
3234:โ fish steamed in banana leaf.
2885:โ Laotian pork roll. Known as
2451:A large, deep mortar called a
2265:Fruits in Laos may consist of
916:
1:
5163:Xaixana Champanakone (2010).
4485:Callis, Kristine Lee (2005).
4336:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
3957:
3543:with omelette, pรขtรฉ and herbs
3163:โ grilled, marinated chicken.
2983:โ spicy puree of cooked fish.
2777:โ stuffed eggs "upside down".
2725:
2697:โ made from roasted eggplant.
2608:In recent times, eating at a
2590:. Dishes are arranged on the
1988:; lit. 'horse urine egg') โ (
1795:), used in stews and curries.
1554:), a bitter green, eaten raw.
1445:, used in stews or eaten raw.
726:where the Lao have migrated.
6734:
5099:Fish and Fish Dishes of Laos
5067:. Rough Guides. p. 49.
3882:
2739:sausage with a dipping sauce
1060:Vegetables, herbs and spices
7:
9088:List of historical cuisines
8924:History of alcoholic drinks
6941:Lowcountry (South Carolina)
5196:Traditional Recipes of Laos
4756:Harvard Asia Pacific Review
4584:Culture and Customs of Laos
4437:The Travels of Mendes Pinto
4360:Atul's Curries of the World
4062:Journal of Mekong Societies
3910:
3732:Lao coffee is often called
3728:A light and a dark Beerlao.
3600:
3567:
3505:โ stir-fried glass noodles.
3011:โ spicy green papaya salad.
2616:Once food is placed on the
2030:[sรฎหn.mวห.sวหm.sรขn]
1348:[maแทหk.kสฐiแทห.huแทหt]
816:Culture and Customs of Laos
632:
537:
34:Culinary traditions of Laos
22:A Lao meal in Don Det, Laos
10:
9296:
8375:Trinidadian and Tobagonian
5138:. London: Prospect Books.
4918:"Isan Meat Salad ( Larb )"
4461:. White Lotus Press, 1998.
4330:McDermott, Nancie (1999).
4259:Berkshire Publishing Group
3783:in appearance and flavor.
3588:) โ baguette stuffed with
3364:
3193:โ grilled, marinated beef.
3187:โ grilled, marinated duck.
3175:โ grilled, marinated pork.
3070:โ vegetable and pork soup.
2412:The typical Lao stove, or
2112:
2107:
1378:), dried sheets of edible
1224:[pสฐรกk.hษฬหm.pษฬหm]
705:Origins of the Lao cuisine
9180:
9108:
9075:
9012:
8844:
8757:
8438:
6891:
6742:
6662:
6622:
6366:
6290:
6223:
6145:
6136:
6071:
6062:
5966:
5957:
5895:
5886:
5875:
5739:
5663:
5607:
5561:
5525:
5469:
5418:
5352:
5246:
5149:Culloty, Dorothy (2010).
5028:"Raw shrimp spicy salads"
4587:. ABC-CLIO. p. 117.
4363:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
4286:17 September 2011 at the
3818:of Asian beers. In 2004,
3711:
3701:, a type of Asian squash.
3674:
3615:
3585:
3556:
3531:
3429:, and the Japanese dish,
3393:
3379:
3288:
3224:
3153:
3050:
2949:
2921:
2799:โ Laotian beef meatballs.
2753:
2687:
2655:
2436:, is used for frying and
2260:
2045:
2021:
1993:
1946:
1923:
1885:
1862:
1839:
1816:
1783:
1760:
1746:[bร j.maแทหk.kสฐวหm]
1737:
1717:
1694:
1667:
1644:
1615:
1588:
1565:
1542:
1506:
1483:
1456:
1429:
1400:
1366:
1339:
1316:
1293:
1270:
1247:
1215:
1192:
1160:
1137:
1114:
1087:
1043:
1016:
989:
958:
935:
688:
654:; sometimes also spelled
645:
627:
593:
567:
517:
8994:Scottish royal household
8939:History of vegetarianism
7177:Central African Republic
6429:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
5971:Administrative divisions
4787:"Edith Cowan University"
4772:Smalley, William Allen.
4470:De la Laloubรจre, Simon.
4457:Marini, Gio Filippo de.
4216:Frommer's Southeast Asia
4087:JC Gibbs (18 May 2018).
4029:"Laos at the crossroads"
3812:has described it as the
2877:Som phak kai lum who moo
2150:Brachytrupes portentosus
2121:Insect species eaten in
2024:, Isan: เธเธตเนเธเธซเธกเธนเธชเธฒเธกเธเธฑเนเธ;
1976:Dried water buffalo skin
1958:), Lao-style fish paste.
1848:[pสฐรกk.สฤซห.lษคฬหt]
1551:[maแทหk.lรฎหn.mรขj]
1524:[bร j.sa.la.nษฬห]
1515:[bร j.hษฬหm.lรขหp]
1025:[seแทn.kสฐaแทw.pรปn]
9280:Southeast Asian cuisine
6684:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
5167:. Vientiane Publishing
5097:Davidson, Alan (1975).
4858:encyclopรฆdia Britannica
4581:Kislenko, Arne (2009).
4525:Pavie, Auguste, et al.
4414:Orillaneda, B. (2018).
3661:โ coconut custard cake.
3227:; lit. 'steamed food')
3156:; lit. 'grilled food')
3094:โ green vegetable stew.
3023:โ spicy cucumber salad.
3017:โ spicy eggplant salad.
2830:โ grilled pork sausage.
2660:
2598:will be prepared. Each
2067:
1967:
1181:), seven popular types.
786:Jean-Baptiste Pallegoix
554:The staple food of the
8919:History of agriculture
4568:. Hachette, 1868. 322.
4542:. Ernest Leroux, 1894.
4529:. Ernest Leroux, 1894.
3729:
3721:
3544:
3411:, or rice noodle soup.
3275:
2936:
2822:โ chunky pork sausage.
2805:โ fried moss from the
2740:
2674:
2581:
2409:
2157:Teleogryllus testaceus
2077:
2016:"three-layer pork" โ (
1996:, Isan: เนเธเนเนเธขเธตเนเธขเธงเธกเนเธฒ;
1977:
1918:) โ clear fish sauce (
1871:[bร j.jฤห.nรกหล]
1804:
1792:[maแทหk.kสฐษฬหล]
1545:, Isan: เธซเธกเธฒเธเธฅเธดเนเธเนเธกเน,;
1465:[hวa.sวล.kสฐรกj]
1409:[pสฐรกk.สฤซห.tลซห]
1075:
906:
842:
825:
738:
599:[lรนหkkสฐศwnวaw]
526:[สร ห.hวหnlรกหw]
482:This article contains
31:
23:
8889:Early modern European
8617:Indigenous Australian
8176:Sรฃo Tomรฉ and Prรญncipe
7063:Bosnian-Herzegovinian
5809:Japanese puppet state
4731:A History of Thailand
3727:
3719:
3539:
3273:
2929:
2733:
2668:
2575:
2556:is grilled meat, and
2455:is used for pounding
2404:
2252:Oecophylla smaragdina
2171:Helicopris bucephalus
2135:Omphisa fuscidentalis
2075:
2002:[kสฐฤjjiฤwmรขห]
1975:
1802:
1726:[maแทหk.kสฐวหm]
1653:[dษแทหk.kสฐษฬห]
1597:[pสฐรกk.ka.dร w]
1438:[maแทหk.kสฐษฏฬa]
1256:[maแทหk.tษฬหล]
1096:[bรนa.la.pสฐรกห]
1067:
901:
830:
820:
732:
716:Northeastern Thailand
141:Japanese puppet state
29:
21:
9052:Molecular gastronomy
8984:Pre-contact Hawaiian
8894:Historical Argentine
8780:Mangalorean Catholic
6961:Pacific Northwestern
6599:United Arab Emirates
5945:World Heritage Sites
5608:Equipment / Utensils
4540:Dictionnaire Laotien
4174:3 April 2012 at the
4003:World Food Programme
3977:Smithsonian Magazine
3697:โ custard made with
2552:is grilled chicken,
2497:improve this section
2222:Tessaratoma quadrata
2208:Gryllotalpa africana
1894:[maแทหk.tสฐลซa]
1518:, Isan: เนเธเธชเธฐเธฃเธฐเนเธซเธเน,
1492:[maแทหk.nรกหw]
1375:[kสฐรกj.pสฐษฬn]
1169:[maแทหk.pสฐรฉt]
998:[seแทn.lษฬหn]
967:[kสฐaแทw.nวaw]
810:Lao and Thai cuisine
379:World Heritage Sites
8909:Historical Japanese
8744:Transylvanian Saxon
8612:Indigenous American
6624:States with limited
5844:Vietnamese invasion
5799:French protectorate
5431:Luang prabang salad
5185:Article on Lao food
5116:. London: Sceptre.
5063:Rough guide to Laos
4879:Bangkok: city guide
4818:"Lao Food Movement"
4657:The Washington Post
4512:, Volume 2, Part 2
4311:on 10 November 2021
4122:McDermott, Nancie.
3632:Khao niao mak muang
2853:โ pickled fish roe.
2245:Hydrophilus affinis
1955:[pร ห.dษแทหk]
1842:, Isan: เธเธฑเธเธญเธตเนเธฅเธดเธ,
1769:[maแทหk.lฤn]
1740:, Isan: เนเธเธซเธกเธฒเธเธเธฒเธก,
1703:[bลซa.dษฬหล]
1624:[maแทหk.hลซล]
1459:, Isan: เธซเธฑเธงเธชเธดเธเนเธ;;
1441:), small and round
1311:flower and root โ (
1201:[pสฐรกk.kสฐวห]
1146:[maแทหk.pรฌห]
1052:[seแทn.fษคฬห]
848:The opening of the
796:Simon de la Loubรจre
774:Fernรฃo Mendes Pinto
176:Vietnamese invasion
131:French protectorate
8989:Korean royal court
8934:History of seafood
8899:Historical Chinese
8874:Antebellum America
8714:Pennsylvania Dutch
7326:Equatorial Guinean
7296:Dominican Republic
6109:Telecommunications
5859:History since 1945
5854:History until 1945
5426:Bamboo shoot salad
5189:The New York Times
4924:on 30 October 2014
4852:Keyes, Charles F.
4551:Garnier, Francis.
4192:Laos-guide-999.com
4151:on 13 October 2013
3850:โ sugarcane juice.
3730:
3722:
3545:
3276:
3108:โ spicy fish soup.
2937:
2935:green papaya salad
2741:
2717:โ made from fried
2675:
2582:
2410:
2178:Lethocerus indicus
2123:Vientiane Province
2078:
2054:[nวล.kสฐรฉm]
2050:Lao pronunciation:
2026:Lao pronunciation:
1998:Lao pronunciation:
1978:
1951:Lao pronunciation:
1928:Lao pronunciation:
1890:Lao pronunciation:
1888:, Isan: เธซเธกเธฒเธเธเธฑเนเธง,
1867:Lao pronunciation:
1865:, Isan: เนเธเธขเนเธฒเธเธฒเธ,
1844:Lao pronunciation:
1825:[pสฐรกk.bรปล]
1821:Lao pronunciation:
1805:
1788:Lao pronunciation:
1786:, Isan: เธซเธกเธฒเธเนเธเนเธ,
1765:Lao pronunciation:
1763:, Isan: เธซเธกเธฒเธเนเธฅเนเธ,
1742:Lao pronunciation:
1722:Lao pronunciation:
1699:Lao pronunciation:
1676:[sa.kสฐรขหn]
1672:Lao pronunciation:
1649:Lao pronunciation:
1593:Lao pronunciation:
1591:, Isan: เธเธฑเธเธเธฐเนเธเธฒ,
1570:Lao pronunciation:
1547:Lao pronunciation:
1520:Lao pronunciation:
1511:Lao pronunciation:
1488:Lao pronunciation:
1434:Lao pronunciation:
1432:, Isan: เธซเธกเธฒเธเนเธเธทเธญ;
1405:Lao pronunciation:
1371:Lao pronunciation:
1321:Lao pronunciation:
1302:[ka.tสฐรญam]
1298:Lao pronunciation:
1296:, Isan: เธเธฃเธฐเนเธเธตเธขเธก,
1252:Lao pronunciation:
1233:[pสฐรกk.sฤซห]
1229:Lao pronunciation:
1220:Lao pronunciation:
1197:Lao pronunciation:
1174:Lao pronunciation:
1165:Lao pronunciation:
1142:Lao pronunciation:
1123:[nษฬห.mรขj]
1119:Lao pronunciation:
1099:), eaten raw with
1092:Lao pronunciation:
1076:
1048:Lao pronunciation:
1021:Lao pronunciation:
994:Lao pronunciation:
982:Cellophane noodles
963:Lao pronunciation:
940:Lao pronunciation:
911:Keo's Thai Cuisine
747:Columbian exchange
739:
733:A 1864 drawing by
694:[kสฐศwtษฤซห]
620:green papaya salad
577:[kสฐศwnวaw]
543:) is the national
191:History since 1945
186:History until 1945
32:
24:
9262:
9261:
9004:Thirteen Colonies
8864:Ancient Israelite
8064:Papua New Guinean
6862:Intercontinental
6702:
6701:
6666:other territories
6326:
6325:
6286:
6285:
6132:
6131:
6058:
6057:
6035:Political parties
6023:National Assembly
5991:General Secretary
5986:Foreign relations
5953:
5952:
5869:2007 coup attempt
5839:Laotian Civil War
5829:Ho Chi Minh trail
5804:Japanese invasion
5695:
5694:
5502:Mango sticky rice
5470:Snacks / Desserts
5247:Staples / Entrees
5173:978-9932-00-061-6
5159:978-0-473-17236-7
4961:Honolulu Magazine
4957:"Taste the World"
4892:"About Thai food"
4715:Warren, William.
4498:. pp. 43โ44.
4370:978-1-4729-3277-8
4343:978-0-618-00202-3
4268:978-1-614-72846-7
3565:
3513:โ Laotian-styled
3405:โ Laotian-styled
3302:โ Laotian-styled
3122:โ fish stewed in
3060:โ soup made with
2873:โ pickled greens.
2803:Mekong river moss
2533:
2532:
2525:
2420:and is fueled by
2407:mortar and pestle
2201:Xylotrupes gideon
2164:Acheta domesticus
1932:[nรขm.pร ห]
1906:Pastes and sauces
1819:, Isan: เธเธฑเธเธเธธเนเธ,
1749:), used in soups.
1732:Tamarind leaf โ (
1720:, Isan: เธซเธกเธฒเธเธเธฒเธก,
1697:, Isan: เธเธฑเนเธงเนเธเธ;
1681:Piper ribesioides
1618:, Isan: เธกเธฑเธเธซเธธเนเธ,
1486:, Isan: เธซเธกเธฒเธเธเธฒเธง,
1250:, Isan: เธซเธกเธฒเธเนเธเธ,
1117:, Isan: เธซเธเนเธญเนเธกเน,
1090:, Isan: เธเธฑเธงเธฃเธฐเธเธฒ,
1005:starch and water.
724:Northern Thailand
535:
490:rendering support
470:
469:
201:2007 coup attempt
171:Laotian Civil War
161:Ho Chi Minh trail
136:Japanese invasion
9287:
9252:
9251:
9242:
9241:
9232:
9222:
9221:
9212:
9211:
9204:Drink portal
9202:
9201:
9200:
9190:
9189:
9170:Meal preparation
9083:List of cuisines
8929:History of bread
8854:Ancient Egyptian
8831:Ritual slaughter
8689:Louisiana Creole
8627:Italian American
8446:African American
7435:Greek Macedonian
6729:
6722:
6715:
6706:
6705:
6679:Christmas Island
6664:Dependencies and
6367:Sovereign states
6353:
6346:
6339:
6330:
6329:
6306:
6299:
6143:
6142:
6089:
6069:
6068:
5964:
5963:
5893:
5892:
5881:
5722:
5715:
5708:
5699:
5698:
5685:
5684:
5673:
5672:
5671:
5482:Khanom mor gaeng
5238:
5237:
5226:
5219:
5212:
5203:
5202:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5056:
5050:
5038:
5032:
5031:
5024:
5018:
5017:
5016:. 26 March 2022.
5010:
5004:
5003:
5002:. 22 March 2018.
4996:
4990:
4989:
4979:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4963:. 1 January 2007
4953:
4947:
4940:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4929:
4914:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4903:
4888:
4882:
4875:
4869:
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4866:
4864:
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4843:
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4829:
4827:
4825:
4814:
4808:
4805:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4794:
4783:
4777:
4770:
4764:
4763:
4751:
4745:
4744:
4726:
4720:
4713:
4704:
4701:
4695:
4694:
4687:
4681:
4674:
4668:
4667:
4665:
4663:
4649:
4643:
4642:
4640:
4638:
4624:
4615:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4578:
4569:
4562:
4556:
4549:
4543:
4536:
4530:
4523:
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4506:
4500:
4499:
4493:
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4476:
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4455:
4449:
4446:
4440:
4433:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4422:
4411:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4400:
4384:
4375:
4374:
4354:
4348:
4347:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4316:
4301:"Curry in Favor"
4296:
4290:
4279:
4273:
4272:
4249:Goldstein, Darra
4244:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4233:
4210:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4199:
4194:. 9 October 2014
4184:
4178:
4167:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4156:
4147:. Archived from
4136:
4127:
4120:
4114:
4107:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4096:
4084:
4078:
4077:
4053:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4025:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4009:
3995:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3967:
3941:
3936:
3935:
3934:
3927:
3922:
3921:
3894:โ Lao rice wine.
3795:or, in English,
3742:Bolovens Plateau
3676:
3659:Khanom maw kaeng
3617:
3587:
3570:
3560:
3558:
3395:
3381:
3290:
3226:
3155:
3052:
2951:
2755:
2689:
2528:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2508:
2477:
2469:
2397:Kitchen utensils
2056:
2051:
2047:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1957:
1952:
1949:, Isan: เธเธฅเธฒเนเธเธ,
1948:
1934:
1929:
1926:, Isan: เธเนเธณเธเธฅเธฒ,
1925:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1771:
1766:
1762:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1683:, used in stews.
1678:
1673:
1670:, Isan: เธชเธฐเธเนเธฒเธ;
1669:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1637:Scarlet wisteria
1626:
1621:
1617:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1576:
1571:
1567:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1531:, and eaten raw.
1526:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1508:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1377:
1372:
1369:, Isan: เนเธเนเธเนเธ,
1368:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1281:
1276:
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1217:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1180:
1175:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1148:
1143:
1140:, Isan: เธซเธกเธฒเธเธเธต,
1139:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1000:
995:
991:
969:
964:
960:
946:
941:
937:
922:Rice and noodles
753:, Cambodia, and
699:French Indochina
696:
690:
653:
647:
635:
629:
601:
595:
579:
569:
542:
530:
528:
523:
519:
496: instead of
478:
477:
462:
455:
448:
432:
431:
430:
62:
53:
37:
36:
30:Lao beef nam tok
9295:
9294:
9290:
9289:
9288:
9286:
9285:
9284:
9265:
9264:
9263:
9258:
9198:
9196:
9192:Food portal
9184:
9176:
9104:
9071:
9008:
8840:
8753:
8461:Arab-Indonesian
8434:
8415:Western Saharan
7887:Liechtensteiner
7452:Guinea-Bissauan
7088:Channel Islands
6976:Southwestern US
6896:
6887:
6738:
6733:
6703:
6698:
6667:
6665:
6658:
6639:Northern Cyprus
6627:
6625:
6618:
6409:Burma (Myanmar)
6362:
6357:
6327:
6322:
6309:
6302:
6295:
6282:
6273:Public holidays
6219:
6210:Sex trafficking
6128:
6087:
6054:
6013:Law enforcement
5949:
5930:Protected areas
5882:
5873:
5819:Kingdom of Laos
5735:
5726:
5696:
5691:
5687:Food portal
5679:
5675:Laos portal
5669:
5667:
5659:
5603:
5557:
5521:
5465:
5414:
5348:
5242:
5232:
5230:
5181:
5094:
5092:Further reading
5089:
5079:
5077:
5075:
5057:
5053:
5039:
5035:
5026:
5025:
5021:
5012:
5011:
5007:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4982:Harisha Andra.
4980:
4976:
4966:
4964:
4955:
4954:
4950:
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4937:
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4792:
4790:
4789:. Ro.ecu.edu.au
4785:
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4689:
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4684:
4678:Thailand's boom
4675:
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4351:
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4324:
4314:
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4305:Chicago Tribune
4297:
4293:
4288:Wayback Machine
4280:
4276:
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4245:
4241:
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4176:Wayback Machine
4168:
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3603:
3534:
3367:
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3212:
3141:
3053:; lit. 'soup')
3038:
3036:Soups and stews
2924:
2867:โ pickled fish.
2728:
2663:
2658:
2628:or prepare the
2570:
2546:means grilled.
2529:
2518:
2512:
2509:
2494:
2478:
2467:
2465:Cooking methods
2399:
2381:, corossolier (
2263:
2258:
2257:
2142:Orientopsaltria
2118:
2110:
2070:
2049:
2025:
1997:
1970:
1950:
1927:
1908:
1889:
1878:Yard long beans
1866:
1843:
1820:
1787:
1764:
1741:
1721:
1698:
1671:
1648:
1647:, Isan: เธเธญเธเนเธ,
1619:
1592:
1569:
1546:
1535:Midnight horror
1519:
1510:
1487:
1460:
1443:Kermit eggplant
1433:
1404:
1370:
1351:, Isan: เธกเธฐเธเธฃเธนเธ
1343:
1320:
1297:
1274:
1251:
1228:
1227:, Isan: เธเธฑเธเธเธต,
1219:
1196:
1195:, Isan: เธเธฑเธเธเธฒ,
1185:Climbing wattle
1173:
1164:
1141:
1118:
1091:
1062:
1047:
1020:
993:
962:
944:[kสฐaแทw]
939:
924:
919:
850:Mittraphap Road
812:
707:
521:
510:Laotian cuisine
503:
502:
501:
488:Without proper
479:
475:
466:
434:Laos portal
428:
426:
419:
418:
414:National anthem
399:
398:
389:
388:
374:
373:
357:
356:
342:
341:
330:
329:
315:
314:
312:performing arts
278:
277:
273:Public holidays
268:
267:
242:
241:
232:
231:
208:
207:
206:
205:
151:Kingdom of Laos
74:
73:
51:Culture of Laos
49:
35:
12:
11:
5:
9293:
9283:
9282:
9277:
9260:
9259:
9257:
9256:
9246:
9236:
9226:
9216:
9206:
9194:
9181:
9178:
9177:
9175:
9174:
9173:
9172:
9162:
9161:
9160:
9150:
9149:
9148:
9143:
9133:
9128:
9123:
9118:
9112:
9110:
9106:
9105:
9103:
9102:
9101:
9100:
9093:Lists of foods
9090:
9085:
9079:
9077:
9073:
9072:
9070:
9069:
9064:
9059:
9054:
9049:
9044:
9043:
9042:
9037:
9027:
9022:
9016:
9014:
9010:
9009:
9007:
9006:
9001:
8996:
8991:
8986:
8981:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8961:
8956:
8951:
8946:
8941:
8936:
8931:
8926:
8921:
8916:
8911:
8906:
8901:
8896:
8891:
8886:
8881:
8876:
8871:
8866:
8861:
8856:
8850:
8848:
8842:
8841:
8839:
8838:
8833:
8828:
8827:
8826:
8816:
8811:
8806:
8805:
8804:
8794:
8789:
8788:
8787:
8782:
8777:
8767:
8761:
8759:
8755:
8754:
8752:
8751:
8746:
8741:
8736:
8731:
8726:
8721:
8716:
8711:
8706:
8701:
8696:
8691:
8686:
8681:
8676:
8675:
8674:
8669:
8664:
8659:
8654:
8649:
8644:
8639:
8629:
8624:
8619:
8614:
8609:
8608:
8607:
8602:
8597:
8592:
8587:
8577:
8572:
8570:Greek-American
8567:
8562:
8557:
8556:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8540:
8535:
8530:
8525:
8520:
8515:
8510:
8505:
8495:
8490:
8485:
8480:
8475:
8470:
8465:
8464:
8463:
8453:
8448:
8442:
8440:
8436:
8435:
8433:
8432:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8412:
8407:
8402:
8397:
8392:
8387:
8382:
8377:
8372:
8367:
8362:
8357:
8352:
8347:
8342:
8341:
8340:
8330:
8325:
8320:
8315:
8310:
8305:
8300:
8295:
8290:
8289:
8288:
8283:
8278:
8273:
8268:
8263:
8258:
8253:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8201:Sierra Leonean
8198:
8193:
8188:
8183:
8178:
8173:
8168:
8163:
8158:
8153:
8152:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8131:
8126:
8121:
8116:
8111:
8106:
8096:
8091:
8086:
8081:
8076:
8071:
8066:
8061:
8056:
8051:
8046:
8041:
8036:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8006:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7986:
7981:
7976:
7971:
7966:
7961:
7956:
7951:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7931:
7930:
7929:
7924:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7844:
7839:
7838:
7837:
7832:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7807:
7806:
7805:
7795:
7790:
7785:
7784:
7783:
7778:
7773:
7768:
7763:
7758:
7753:
7748:
7743:
7738:
7733:
7723:
7718:
7713:
7708:
7703:
7702:
7701:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7626:
7625:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7559:
7554:
7549:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7529:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7499:
7494:
7489:
7479:
7474:
7469:
7464:
7459:
7454:
7449:
7444:
7443:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7417:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7391:
7390:
7385:
7383:French Guianan
7380:
7375:
7365:
7360:
7359:
7358:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7313:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7283:
7282:
7281:
7276:
7266:
7261:
7256:
7251:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7235:
7234:
7229:
7224:
7219:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7173:
7172:
7167:
7157:
7152:
7147:
7142:
7137:
7132:
7127:
7122:
7121:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7103:Northern Irish
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6984:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6902:
6900:
6889:
6888:
6886:
6885:
6884:
6883:
6881:Middle Eastern
6878:
6873:
6871:Latin American
6868:
6860:
6855:
6854:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6828:
6827:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6811:
6806:
6796:
6795:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6769:
6768:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6746:
6744:
6740:
6739:
6732:
6731:
6724:
6717:
6709:
6700:
6699:
6697:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6670:
6668:
6663:
6660:
6659:
6657:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6630:
6628:
6623:
6620:
6619:
6617:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6370:
6368:
6364:
6363:
6356:
6355:
6348:
6341:
6333:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6315:
6308:
6307:
6300:
6292:
6291:
6288:
6287:
6284:
6283:
6281:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6235:
6229:
6227:
6221:
6220:
6218:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6191:
6190:
6189:hybrid variant
6177:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6146:
6140:
6134:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6104:Stock exchange
6101:
6096:
6091:
6083:
6078:
6072:
6066:
6060:
6059:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6052:
6050:Prime Minister
6047:
6045:Vice President
6042:
6037:
6032:
6031:
6030:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6004:
6003:
5993:
5988:
5983:
5978:
5973:
5967:
5961:
5955:
5954:
5951:
5950:
5948:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5896:
5890:
5884:
5883:
5876:
5874:
5872:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5824:Indochina Wars
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5779:Luang Phrabang
5776:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5745:
5743:
5737:
5736:
5725:
5724:
5717:
5710:
5702:
5693:
5692:
5690:
5689:
5677:
5664:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5611:
5609:
5605:
5604:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5565:
5563:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5529:
5527:
5523:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5473:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5422:
5420:
5419:Salads / Wraps
5416:
5415:
5413:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5356:
5354:
5350:
5349:
5347:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5279:Lao beef jerky
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5250:
5248:
5244:
5243:
5229:
5228:
5221:
5214:
5206:
5200:
5199:
5194:Excerpts from
5191:
5180:
5179:External links
5177:
5176:
5175:
5161:
5147:
5125:
5110:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5087:
5073:
5051:
5033:
5019:
5005:
4991:
4974:
4948:
4935:
4909:
4898:on 9 June 2014
4883:
4870:
4844:
4831:
4809:
4800:
4778:
4765:
4746:
4739:
4721:
4705:
4696:
4682:
4669:
4644:
4607:
4593:
4570:
4557:
4544:
4531:
4518:
4501:
4477:
4463:
4450:
4441:
4428:
4406:
4376:
4369:
4349:
4342:
4322:
4291:
4274:
4267:
4261:. p. 54.
4239:
4225:
4205:
4179:
4162:
4128:
4115:
4102:
4079:
4045:
4015:
3990:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3943:
3942:
3928:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3907:
3901:
3900:โ Lao whiskey.
3895:
3889:
3884:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3878:โ Laotian tea.
3873:
3865:
3857:
3851:
3843:
3833:
3830:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3708:
3702:
3692:
3686:
3678:
3662:
3656:
3650:
3642:
3636:
3628:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3597:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3520:
3506:
3500:
3492:
3480:
3474:
3466:
3460:
3452:
3446:
3434:
3418:
3412:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3349:
3337:
3321:
3317:Khao piak khao
3313:
3307:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3235:
3211:
3210:Steamed dishes
3208:
3207:
3206:
3200:
3197:Ping theen gai
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3170:
3164:
3140:
3139:Grilled dishes
3137:
3136:
3135:
3127:
3117:
3109:
3103:
3095:
3089:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3024:
3018:
3012:
3006:
2996:
2984:
2978:
2970:
2923:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2908:
2892:
2880:
2874:
2868:
2862:
2854:
2848:
2843:
2837:
2831:
2823:
2815:
2810:
2800:
2794:
2784:
2778:
2772:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2712:
2704:
2698:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2626:taeng pha kao,
2569:
2568:Eating customs
2566:
2531:
2530:
2481:
2479:
2472:
2466:
2463:
2416:, is called a
2398:
2395:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2189:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2138:
2119:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2092:
2091:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2034:
2011:
2009:Pig blood curd
2006:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1936:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1875:
1852:
1829:
1797:
1796:
1773:
1750:
1730:
1707:
1684:
1657:
1634:
1628:
1605:
1578:
1568:, Isan: เนเธซเนเธ,
1555:
1532:
1496:
1473:
1446:
1419:
1413:
1390:
1356:
1353:maak-khii-huut
1329:
1325:[kสฐวล]
1306:
1283:
1279:[kสฐฤห]
1260:
1237:
1210:(cilantro) โ (
1205:
1182:
1178:[pสฐฤซk]
1172:, Isan: เธเธฃเธดเธ,
1150:
1127:
1104:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1033:
1017:เปเบชเบฑเปเบเปเบเบปเปเบฒเบเบธเปเบ
1006:
979:
951:Glutinous rice
948:
923:
920:
918:
915:
811:
808:
706:
703:
672:, and spices.
651:[lรขหp]
492:, you may see
480:
473:
472:
471:
468:
467:
465:
464:
457:
450:
442:
439:
438:
437:
436:
421:
420:
417:
416:
411:
406:
400:
396:
395:
394:
391:
390:
387:
386:
381:
375:
371:
370:
369:
366:
365:
359:
358:
355:
354:
349:
343:
337:
336:
335:
332:
331:
328:
327:
322:
316:
306:
305:
304:
301:
300:
294:
293:
287:
286:
280:
279:
276:
275:
269:
263:
262:
261:
258:
257:
251:
250:
244:
243:
240:
239:
233:
229:
228:
227:
224:
223:
217:
216:
210:
209:
204:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
156:Indochina Wars
153:
148:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
111:Luang Phrabang
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
77:
76:
75:
69:
68:
67:
64:
63:
55:
54:
46:
45:
33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9292:
9281:
9278:
9276:
9273:
9272:
9270:
9255:
9247:
9245:
9237:
9235:
9231:
9227:
9225:
9217:
9215:
9207:
9205:
9195:
9193:
9188:
9183:
9182:
9179:
9171:
9168:
9167:
9166:
9163:
9159:
9156:
9155:
9154:
9151:
9147:
9144:
9142:
9139:
9138:
9137:
9134:
9132:
9129:
9127:
9126:Culinary arts
9124:
9122:
9119:
9117:
9114:
9113:
9111:
9107:
9099:
9096:
9095:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9080:
9078:
9074:
9068:
9065:
9063:
9060:
9058:
9055:
9053:
9050:
9048:
9045:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9032:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9018:
9017:
9015:
9011:
9005:
9002:
9000:
8997:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8977:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8957:
8955:
8952:
8950:
8947:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8915:
8912:
8910:
8907:
8905:
8902:
8900:
8897:
8895:
8892:
8890:
8887:
8885:
8882:
8880:
8877:
8875:
8872:
8870:
8869:Ancient Roman
8867:
8865:
8862:
8860:
8859:Ancient Greek
8857:
8855:
8852:
8851:
8849:
8847:
8843:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8825:
8822:
8821:
8820:
8817:
8815:
8812:
8810:
8807:
8803:
8800:
8799:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8790:
8786:
8783:
8781:
8778:
8776:
8775:Goan Catholic
8773:
8772:
8771:
8768:
8766:
8763:
8762:
8760:
8756:
8750:
8747:
8745:
8742:
8740:
8737:
8735:
8732:
8730:
8727:
8725:
8722:
8720:
8717:
8715:
8712:
8710:
8707:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8680:
8677:
8673:
8670:
8668:
8665:
8663:
8660:
8658:
8655:
8653:
8650:
8648:
8645:
8643:
8640:
8638:
8635:
8634:
8633:
8630:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8618:
8615:
8613:
8610:
8606:
8603:
8601:
8598:
8596:
8593:
8591:
8588:
8586:
8583:
8582:
8581:
8578:
8576:
8573:
8571:
8568:
8566:
8563:
8561:
8560:Crimean Tatar
8558:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8544:
8541:
8539:
8536:
8534:
8531:
8529:
8526:
8524:
8521:
8519:
8516:
8514:
8511:
8509:
8506:
8504:
8501:
8500:
8499:
8496:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8471:
8469:
8466:
8462:
8459:
8458:
8457:
8454:
8452:
8449:
8447:
8444:
8443:
8441:
8437:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8416:
8413:
8411:
8408:
8406:
8403:
8401:
8398:
8396:
8393:
8391:
8388:
8386:
8383:
8381:
8378:
8376:
8373:
8371:
8368:
8366:
8363:
8361:
8358:
8356:
8353:
8351:
8348:
8346:
8343:
8339:
8336:
8335:
8334:
8331:
8329:
8326:
8324:
8321:
8319:
8316:
8314:
8311:
8309:
8306:
8304:
8301:
8299:
8296:
8294:
8291:
8287:
8284:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8272:
8269:
8267:
8264:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8249:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8239:
8237:
8234:
8233:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8226:South African
8224:
8222:
8219:
8217:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8207:
8204:
8202:
8199:
8197:
8194:
8192:
8189:
8187:
8184:
8182:
8181:Saudi Arabian
8179:
8177:
8174:
8172:
8169:
8167:
8164:
8162:
8159:
8157:
8154:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8137:
8135:
8132:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8110:
8107:
8105:
8102:
8101:
8100:
8097:
8095:
8092:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8065:
8062:
8060:
8057:
8055:
8052:
8050:
8047:
8045:
8042:
8040:
8037:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7975:
7972:
7970:
7967:
7965:
7962:
7960:
7957:
7955:
7952:
7950:
7947:
7945:
7942:
7940:
7937:
7935:
7932:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7919:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7897:Luxembourgish
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7848:
7845:
7843:
7840:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7828:
7827:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7804:
7801:
7800:
7799:
7796:
7794:
7791:
7789:
7786:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7774:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7762:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7752:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7742:
7739:
7737:
7734:
7732:
7729:
7728:
7727:
7724:
7722:
7719:
7717:
7714:
7712:
7709:
7707:
7704:
7700:
7697:
7695:
7692:
7690:
7687:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7660:
7657:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7631:
7630:
7627:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7617:Uttar Pradesh
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7552:Maharashtrian
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7512:Chhattisgarhi
7510:
7508:
7505:
7503:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7493:
7490:
7488:
7485:
7484:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7426:
7423:
7422:
7421:
7418:
7416:
7413:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7389:
7386:
7384:
7381:
7379:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7370:
7369:
7366:
7364:
7361:
7357:
7354:
7353:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7306:East Timorese
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7271:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7233:
7230:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7215:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7194:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7171:
7168:
7166:
7163:
7162:
7161:
7158:
7156:
7153:
7151:
7148:
7146:
7143:
7141:
7138:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7128:
7126:
7123:
7119:
7116:
7114:
7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7080:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6947:
6946:Midwestern US
6944:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6923:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6903:
6901:
6899:
6894:
6890:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6876:Mediterranean
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6833:
6832:
6829:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6801:
6800:
6797:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6774:
6773:
6770:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6752:
6751:
6748:
6747:
6745:
6741:
6737:
6730:
6725:
6723:
6718:
6716:
6711:
6710:
6707:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6671:
6669:
6661:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6649:South Ossetia
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6621:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6371:
6369:
6365:
6361:
6360:Asian cuisine
6354:
6349:
6347:
6342:
6340:
6335:
6334:
6331:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6310:
6305:
6301:
6298:
6294:
6293:
6289:
6279:
6276:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6243:Dramatic arts
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6230:
6228:
6226:
6222:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6188:
6185:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6165:Ethnic groups
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6147:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6135:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6073:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6061:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6029:
6026:
6025:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6002:
5999:
5998:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5987:
5984:
5982:
5979:
5977:
5974:
5972:
5969:
5968:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5956:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5905:Deforestation
5903:
5901:
5898:
5897:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5885:
5880:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5742:
5738:
5734:
5730:
5723:
5718:
5716:
5711:
5709:
5704:
5703:
5700:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5676:
5666:
5665:
5662:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5610:
5606:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5579:Jeow mak gork
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5524:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5474:
5472:
5468:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5456:Tam mak hoong
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5380:Khao piak sen
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5355:
5353:Soups / Stews
5351:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5269:Khao jee pรขtรฉ
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5236:
5227:
5222:
5220:
5215:
5213:
5208:
5207:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5190:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5174:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5160:
5156:
5152:
5148:
5145:
5144:0-907325-02-5
5141:
5137:
5133:
5132:Alan Davidson
5129:
5126:
5123:
5122:0-340-82567-7
5119:
5115:
5111:
5108:
5107:0-907325-95-5
5104:
5100:
5096:
5095:
5076:
5074:1-85828-905-X
5070:
5066:
5065:
5062:
5055:
5049:
5045:
5044:
5037:
5029:
5023:
5015:
5009:
5001:
4995:
4987:
4986:
4978:
4962:
4958:
4952:
4945:
4939:
4923:
4919:
4913:
4897:
4893:
4887:
4880:
4874:
4859:
4855:
4848:
4841:
4835:
4819:
4813:
4804:
4788:
4782:
4775:
4769:
4761:
4757:
4750:
4742:
4740:9780521759151
4736:
4732:
4725:
4718:
4712:
4710:
4700:
4692:
4686:
4679:
4673:
4658:
4654:
4648:
4632:
4628:
4621:
4614:
4612:
4596:
4594:9780313339776
4590:
4586:
4585:
4577:
4575:
4567:
4561:
4554:
4548:
4541:
4535:
4528:
4522:
4515:
4511:
4505:
4497:
4490:
4489:
4481:
4474:
4467:
4460:
4454:
4445:
4438:
4432:
4417:
4410:
4394:
4390:
4383:
4381:
4372:
4366:
4362:
4361:
4353:
4345:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4326:
4310:
4306:
4302:
4295:
4289:
4285:
4282:
4278:
4270:
4264:
4260:
4256:
4255:
4250:
4243:
4228:
4226:9781118087671
4222:
4218:
4217:
4209:
4193:
4189:
4183:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4135:
4133:
4125:
4119:
4112:
4106:
4090:
4083:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4052:
4050:
4034:
4030:
4024:
4022:
4020:
4004:
4000:
3994:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3966:
3962:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3947:Hmong cuisine
3945:
3944:
3940:
3929:
3926:
3920:
3915:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3844:
3842:โ Lao coffee.
3841:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3832:Non-alcoholic
3829:
3827:
3823:
3822:
3817:
3816:
3811:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3798:
3797:white alcohol
3794:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3763:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3735:
3726:
3720:A Lao coffee.
3718:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3675:เปเบเบปเปเบฒเบซเบเบปเบกเปเบซเบเบ
3672:
3668:
3667:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3633:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3595:
3591:
3586:เปเบเบปเปเบฒเบเบตเปเบเบฒเปเบเป
3583:
3579:
3578:
3577:Khao jee pรขtรฉ
3574:
3573:
3572:
3569:
3563:
3554:
3550:
3542:
3541:Khao chi pate
3538:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3432:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3422:Khao piak sen
3419:
3416:
3415:Kaeng sen lon
3413:
3410:
3409:
3404:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3391:
3387:
3386:
3377:
3373:
3372:
3359:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3289:เบญเบฒเบซเบฒเบเบเบฑเบเปเบเบปเปเบฒ
3286:
3282:
3281:
3280:Ahan kap khao
3272:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3186:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3151:
3147:
3146:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3125:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3028:
3025:
3022:
3021:Tam mak taeng
3019:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3009:Tam mak hoong
3007:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2993:Tam khao poon
2991:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2934:
2933:
2932:Tam mak hoong
2928:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2791:water spinach
2789:โ stir fried
2788:
2787:Khua pak bong
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2720:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2695:Jaew mak khua
2693:
2692:
2691:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2639:
2637:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2620:it becomes a
2619:
2615:
2611:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2588:
2579:
2574:
2565:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2539:
2527:
2524:
2516:
2513:February 2024
2506:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2482:This section
2480:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2458:tam mak hoong
2454:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2403:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2279:custard apple
2276:
2272:
2268:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2116:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2074:
2062:
2061:
2055:
2043:
2039:
2038:water buffalo
2035:
2031:
2022:เบเบตเปเบเปเบนเบชเบฒเบกเบเบฑเปเบ
2019:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2003:
1991:
1987:
1986:khai niaow ma
1983:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1900:
1899:tam mak thoua
1895:
1883:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1851:), eaten raw.
1849:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1814:
1810:
1809:Water spinach
1807:
1806:
1801:
1793:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1758:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1677:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1654:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1631:Rattan shoots
1629:
1625:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1598:
1586:
1582:
1579:
1575:
1574:[hรฉt]
1563:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1525:
1516:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1470:hua sing-khai
1466:
1454:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1439:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1416:Lao coriander
1414:
1410:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:, similar to
1384:
1381:
1376:
1364:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1349:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1319:, Isan: เธเธดเธ,
1314:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1273:, Isan: เธเนเธฒ,
1268:
1264:
1261:
1257:
1245:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1225:
1213:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1170:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1112:
1108:
1107:Bamboo shoots
1105:
1102:
1097:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1069:Chili peppers
1066:
1053:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1026:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1004:
999:
987:
983:
980:
977:
974:and very low
973:
968:
956:
952:
949:
945:
933:
929:
926:
925:
914:
912:
905:
900:
898:
894:
890:
886:
880:
876:
874:
870:
865:
863:
859:
854:
851:
846:
841:
839:
835:
829:
824:
819:
817:
807:
804:
801:
797:
793:
791:
787:
783:
779:
776:(1542-1545),
775:
771:
770:Luang Prabang
766:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
743:
736:
731:
727:
725:
721:
717:
712:
702:
700:
695:
686:
682:
678:
673:
671:
667:
666:
661:
657:
652:
643:
639:
634:
625:
621:
617:
616:
610:
608:
603:
600:
591:
587:
586:luk khao niao
583:
578:
573:
565:
561:
557:
552:
550:
546:
541:
540:
533:
527:
515:
511:
507:
499:
495:
491:
487:
485:
463:
458:
456:
451:
449:
444:
443:
441:
440:
435:
425:
424:
423:
422:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
401:
393:
392:
385:
382:
380:
377:
376:
368:
367:
364:
361:
360:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
340:
334:
333:
326:
323:
321:
318:
317:
313:
309:
303:
302:
299:
296:
295:
292:
289:
288:
285:
282:
281:
274:
271:
270:
266:
260:
259:
256:
253:
252:
249:
246:
245:
238:
235:
234:
226:
225:
222:
219:
218:
215:
212:
211:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
79:
78:
72:
66:
65:
61:
57:
56:
52:
48:
47:
43:
39:
38:
28:
20:
16:
9057:Note by Note
9035:New American
8724:Pontic Greek
8605:South Indian
8600:North Indian
8271:Extremaduran
8161:Saint Lucian
7856:
7835:South Korean
7830:North Korean
7694:Palembangese
7622:Uttarakhandi
7108:Saint Helena
7098:Gibraltarian
6966:Puerto Rican
6594:Turkmenistan
6559:Saudi Arabia
6237:
6200:Prostitution
6155:Demographics
6119:Trade unions
6081:Central bank
5996:Human rights
5976:Constitution
5584:Jeow mak len
5451:Soop nor mai
5360:Ant egg soup
5239:
5195:
5188:
5164:
5150:
5135:
5113:
5098:
5078:. Retrieved
5064:
5061:
5054:
5041:
5036:
5022:
5008:
4994:
4984:
4977:
4965:. Retrieved
4960:
4951:
4943:
4938:
4926:. Retrieved
4922:the original
4912:
4900:. Retrieved
4896:the original
4886:
4878:
4873:
4861:. Retrieved
4857:
4847:
4839:
4834:
4822:. Retrieved
4812:
4803:
4791:. Retrieved
4781:
4773:
4768:
4759:
4755:
4749:
4730:
4724:
4716:
4699:
4685:
4677:
4672:
4660:. Retrieved
4656:
4647:
4635:. Retrieved
4630:
4626:
4598:. Retrieved
4583:
4565:
4560:
4552:
4547:
4539:
4534:
4526:
4521:
4513:
4509:
4504:
4487:
4480:
4471:
4466:
4458:
4453:
4444:
4436:
4431:
4419:. Retrieved
4409:
4397:. Retrieved
4392:
4359:
4352:
4332:
4325:
4313:. Retrieved
4309:the original
4304:
4294:
4277:
4253:
4242:
4230:. Retrieved
4215:
4208:
4196:. Retrieved
4191:
4182:
4165:
4153:. Retrieved
4149:the original
4144:
4123:
4118:
4110:
4105:
4093:. Retrieved
4082:
4068:(3): 27โ48.
4065:
4061:
4036:. Retrieved
4032:
4006:. Retrieved
3993:
3981:. Retrieved
3975:
3965:
3903:
3897:
3891:
3875:
3867:
3859:
3853:
3845:
3837:
3819:
3815:Dom Pรฉrignon
3813:
3809:Bangkok Post
3807:
3801:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3776:
3772:
3766:
3760:
3758:
3749:
3745:
3738:cafe pakxong
3737:
3733:
3731:
3704:
3694:
3688:
3680:
3664:
3658:
3652:
3644:
3638:
3630:
3622:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3575:
3551:, known as (
3546:
3540:
3522:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3494:
3486:
3482:
3476:
3468:
3462:
3454:
3448:
3436:
3420:
3414:
3406:
3400:
3384:
3383:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3357:
3351:
3345:
3339:
3333:
3329:
3323:
3315:
3309:
3299:
3295:
3279:
3278:
3277:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3231:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3184:
3178:
3172:
3167:Ping hua ped
3166:
3160:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3129:
3123:
3119:
3111:
3105:
3097:
3091:
3086:soup naw mai
3085:
3079:
3076:โ Lao curry.
3073:
3067:
3058:Ant egg soup
3041:
3040:
3039:
3027:Tam mak thua
3026:
3020:
3015:Tum mak khua
3014:
3008:
2998:
2992:
2986:
2980:
2972:
2964:
2957:
2953:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2930:
2910:
2902:
2897:โ a type of
2894:
2886:
2882:
2876:
2871:Som phak kad
2870:
2864:
2856:
2850:
2845:
2839:
2833:
2825:
2817:
2812:
2807:Mekong River
2796:
2786:
2780:
2774:
2766:
2760:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2734:
2714:
2706:
2701:Jaew mak len
2700:
2694:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2669:
2651:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2583:
2577:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2534:
2519:
2510:
2495:Please help
2483:
2456:
2452:
2450:
2445:
2441:
2429:
2417:
2411:
2405:A Lao-style
2390:
2386:
2264:
2250:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2148:
2140:
2133:
2120:
2095:
2087:
2082:
2079:
2058:
1985:
1915:
1898:
1776:Turkey berry
1680:
1601:
1528:
1469:
1422:Lao eggplant
1380:Mekong River
1352:
1187:(acacia) โ (
1153:Chili pepper
1036:Rice noodles
1030:rice noodles
910:
907:
902:
881:
877:
869:Thaification
866:
861:
857:
855:
847:
843:
837:
833:
831:
826:
821:
815:
814:In his book
813:
805:
794:
790:Henri Mouhot
788:(1830), and
778:Diogo Veloso
767:
744:
740:
735:Henri Mouhot
708:
674:
663:
659:
655:
637:
633:tam mak hung
613:
611:
604:
585:
571:
553:
538:
509:
505:
504:
481:
409:Coat of arms
384:Architecture
254:
15:
9275:Lao cuisine
9244:WikiProject
8824:Kosher food
8206:Singaporean
8196:Seychellois
8171:Sammarinese
8054:Palestinian
8014:New Zealand
7984:Montenegrin
7954:Mauritanian
7949:Marshallese
7761:Piedmontese
7689:Minangkabau
7659:Gorontalese
7440:Heptanesean
7356:Kapampangan
7279:Greenlandic
7155:Cameroonian
7023:Bangladeshi
7013:Azerbaijani
6971:Southern US
6956:New Mexican
6951:New English
6926:Californian
6743:Continental
6626:recognition
6544:Philippines
6489:South Korea
6484:North Korea
6374:Afghanistan
6076:Agriculture
6001:LGBT rights
5794:Muang Phuan
5764:Tai peoples
5461:Yum sen lon
5405:Tom kha kai
5375:Keng No Mai
5344:Sticky rice
5309:Pad sen lon
5299:Pad kee mao
5284:Lao sausage
5240:Lao cuisine
4928:17 February
4902:17 February
4863:17 February
4824:17 February
4820:. Chef Seng
4793:17 February
4762:(1): 18โ22.
4538:Massie, M.
4421:19 November
4395:(in French)
4393:Cambodgemag
4232:17 February
4198:17 February
4155:17 February
3939:Laos portal
3925:Food portal
3861:Nam mak pow
3789:Lao alcohol
3777:jar alcohol
3524:Yum sen lon
3503:Pad sen lon
3266:Rice dishes
3113:Tom kha gai
3106:Tom jeaw pa
3081:Keng no mai
3074:Kaeng galee
2999:Tam mak guh
2915:spring roll
2907:in Vietnam.
2899:spring roll
2891:in Vietnam.
2851:Som khai pa
2840:Seen savanh
2715:Jaew padaek
2438:stir frying
2391:mak num nom
2307:water apple
2275:sugar apple
2215:Bombyx mori
1982:Century egg
1679:), stem of
1610:(green) โ (
1527:), used in
1332:Kaffir lime
1080:Asian basil
917:Ingredients
893:sticky rice
759:Philippines
594:เบฅเบนเบเปเบเบปเปเบฒเปเบฝเบง
560:sticky rice
506:Lao cuisine
126:Muang Phuan
96:Tai peoples
9269:Categories
9067:Vegetarian
8846:Historical
8590:Indonesian
8538:Indonesian
8508:Australian
8430:Zimbabwean
8410:Vietnamese
8405:Venezuelan
8293:Sri Lankan
8261:Cantabrian
8236:Andalusian
8186:Senegalese
8166:Salvadoran
8114:Circassian
8084:Portuguese
8069:Paraguayan
8059:Panamanian
8019:Nicaraguan
7994:Mozambican
7974:Monรฉgasque
7927:Sarawakian
7902:Macedonian
7892:Lithuanian
7756:Neapolitan
7629:Indonesian
7587:Rajasthani
7562:Meghalayan
7537:Jharkhandi
7492:Arunachali
7447:Guatemalan
7378:La Rรฉunion
7311:Ecuadorian
7286:Djiboutian
7033:Belarusian
7003:Australian
6931:Floribbean
6604:Uzbekistan
6579:Tajikistan
6499:Kyrgyzstan
6479:Kazakhstan
6394:Bangladesh
6384:Azerbaijan
6263:Literature
6088:(currency)
5910:Ecoregions
5864:Insurgency
5849:Neutrality
5834:Pathet Lao
5814:Lao Issara
5759:Lao people
5754:Khun Borom
5640:Mor kharng
5562:Condiments
5538:Lao coffee
5507:Miang kham
5492:Khanom sun
5487:Khanom nap
5319:Phat si-io
5314:Phat khing
5128:Sing, Phia
3958:References
3856:โ Smoothie
3666:Khanom nab
3653:Khanom kok
3496:Pad ki mao
3470:Mee ka tee
3346:khao neung
3304:fried rice
3254:Ua dok kae
3249:Mok kai pa
3225:เบญเบฒเบซเบฒเบเบซเบเบทเปเบ
3216:Ahan neung
3120:Tom padaek
3068:Kaeng jeut
2775:Khai khuam
2726:Appetizers
2363:mangosteen
2359:star apple
2303:rose apple
2295:Asian pear
2267:watermelon
2232:sp. ?
2063:and stews.
2057:) used in
2014:Pork belly
1994:เปเบเปเบขเปเบฝเบงเบกเปเบฒ
1912:Fish sauce
1840:เบเบฑเบเบญเบตเปเปเบฅเบตเบ
1834:leaves โ (
1832:Wild betel
1620:pronounced
1543:เปเบฒเบเบฅเบตเปเบเปเบกเป
1461:pronounced
1449:Lemongrass
1344:pronounced
1275:pronounced
1216:เบเบฑเบเบซเบญเบกเบเปเบญเบก
1132:flower โ (
522:pronounced
498:Lao script
298:Literature
230:Traditions
196:Insurgency
181:Neutrality
166:Pathet Lao
146:Lao Issara
91:Lao people
86:Khun Borom
9146:sociology
9025:Fast food
9020:Classique
8884:Byzantine
8785:Mennonite
8770:Christian
8758:Religious
8719:Peranakan
8667:Sephardic
8652:Ethiopian
8642:Ashkenazi
8595:Malaysian
8548:Pakistani
8543:Malaysian
8518:Cambodian
8468:Aromanian
8400:Vanuatuan
8390:Uruguayan
8385:Ukrainian
8338:Zanzibari
8333:Tanzanian
8323:Taiwanese
8286:Valencian
8281:Manchegan
8216:Slovenian
8129:Mordovian
8049:Pakistani
8039:Norwegian
7979:Mongolian
7959:Mauritian
7934:Maldivian
7917:Malaysian
7810:Jordanian
7771:Sardinian
7731:Abruzzese
7699:Sundanese
7684:Minahasan
7607:Telangana
7592:Sikkimese
7542:Karnataka
7477:Icelandic
7472:Hungarian
7341:Ethiopian
7291:Dominican
7244:Congolese
7239:Colombian
7207:Hong Kong
7202:Cantonese
7170:Quรฉbรฉcois
7150:Cambodian
7145:Burundian
7135:Burkinabรฉ
7130:Bulgarian
7083:Anguillia
7073:Brazilian
7053:Bhutanese
7028:Barbadian
6993:Argentine
6814:Levantine
6804:Caucasian
6777:Caribbean
6689:Hong Kong
6644:Palestine
6569:Sri Lanka
6564:Singapore
6449:Indonesia
6253:Festivals
6160:Education
6124:Transport
6040:President
6028:President
5981:Elections
5888:Geography
5789:Champasak
5784:Vientiane
5635:Mor gaeng
5630:Maw khang
5569:Jeow bong
5526:Beverages
5400:Thom khem
5385:Khao poon
5370:Kaeng som
4967:20 August
4662:27 August
4315:20 August
4145:LA Weekly
4074:2697-6056
4033:grain.org
3952:Phia Sing
3883:Alcoholic
3639:Khao pard
3607:Khong van
3562:romanized
3549:baguettes
3463:Mee haeng
3438:Khao poon
3427:bรกnh canh
3334:Khao chee
3325:Khao ping
3310:Khao niao
3300:khao phat
3296:Khao khua
3191:Ping seen
3154:เบญเบฒเบซเบฒเบเบเบตเปเบ
3145:Ahan ping
2846:Seen tork
2834:Seen hang
2797:Look seen
2768:jaew bong
2708:Jaew bong
2671:Jaew bong
2630:phah kao.
2484:does not
2430:maw khang
2351:sapodilla
2343:sugarcane
2315:jackfruit
2271:pineapple
2229:Hierodula
2185:Caelifera
2060:jaew bong
1962:Soy sauce
1589:เบเบฑเบเบเบฐเปเบเบปเบฒ
1558:Mushrooms
1401:เบเบฑเบเบญเบตเปเบเบนเป
1393:Lao basil
1340:เปเบฒเบเบเบตเปเบซเบนเบ
1208:Coriander
1073:Vientiane
1028:), fresh
1009:Khao poon
1003:mung bean
990:เปเบชเบฑเปเบเบฅเปเบญเบ
782:Blas Ruiz
745:With the
681:baguettes
677:Vientiane
628:เบเบณเปเบฒเบเบซเบธเปเบ
572:khao niao
372:Monuments
265:Festivals
221:Languages
121:Champasak
116:Vientiane
9234:Cookbook
9214:Category
9116:Cookbook
9098:Prepared
9062:Nouvelle
9040:Eurasian
8969:Medieval
8765:Buddhist
8699:Ossetian
8684:Livonian
8662:Moroccan
8647:Bukharan
8637:American
8575:Hazaragi
8553:Peruvian
8528:Filipino
8523:Canadian
8503:American
8473:Assyrian
8370:Tuvaluan
8355:Tunisian
8350:Togolese
8298:Sudanese
8276:Galician
8256:Canarian
8246:Balearic
8241:Asturian
8094:Romanian
8074:Peruvian
8029:Nigerian
8009:Nepalese
7999:Namibian
7989:Moroccan
7969:Moldovan
7912:Malawian
7907:Malagasy
7877:Liberian
7867:Lebanese
7803:Okinawan
7798:Japanese
7793:Jamaican
7781:Venetian
7776:Sicilian
7751:Lucanian
7741:Ligurian
7679:Makassar
7674:Madurese
7669:Javanese
7639:Balinese
7634:Acehnese
7557:Manipuri
7532:Kashmiri
7527:Haryanvi
7522:Gujarati
7497:Assamese
7467:Honduran
7430:Epirotic
7415:Ghanaian
7405:Georgian
7395:Gabonese
7373:Corsican
7351:Filipino
7336:Estonian
7331:Eritrean
7316:Egyptian
7249:Croatian
7232:Xinjiang
7217:Shandong
7212:Macanese
7160:Canadian
7125:Bruneian
7113:Scottish
7068:Botswana
7058:Bolivian
7048:Beninese
7043:Belizean
7018:Bahraini
7008:Austrian
6998:Armenian
6936:Hawaiian
6921:American
6916:Algerian
6911:Albanian
6898:regional
6893:National
6858:Oceanian
6831:European
6772:Americas
6736:Cuisines
6634:Abkhazia
6584:Thailand
6539:Pakistan
6524:Mongolia
6519:Maldives
6514:Malaysia
6414:Cambodia
6313:Category
6205:Religion
6195:Language
6180:COVID-19
6018:Military
5959:Politics
5940:Wildlife
5920:Phou Bia
5774:Vat Phou
5769:Lan Xang
5749:Peopling
5733:articles
5645:Mor nung
5620:Khantoke
5574:Jeow het
5512:Nam waan
5497:Khao tom
5436:Nam khao
5390:Khao soi
5339:Som phak
5324:Pฤซng kai
5264:Khao jee
4637:16 April
4284:Archived
4251:(2018).
4172:Archived
3983:16 April
3911:See also
3892:Lao-khao
3793:lao khao
3736:coffee (
3695:Sangkaya
3682:Lod xong
3646:Khao tom
3624:Khao lam
3601:Desserts
3568:khao chi
3557:เปเบเบปเปเบฒเบเบตเป
3516:sukiyaki
3488:pad thai
3449:Khua mee
3353:Nam khao
3341:Khao jao
3330:khao jee
3259:Titi gai
3244:Mok khai
3203:Seen dat
3185:Ping ped
3173:Ping moo
3161:Ping gai
3062:ant eggs
3003:plantain
3001:โ spicy
2913:โ fried
2911:Yaw jeun
2904:gแปi cuแปn
2781:Khai nug
2745:Kap kaem
2614:ka toke.
2604:ka toke.
2596:ka tokes
2592:ka toke,
2554:ping sin
2549:Ping gai
2540:leaf.
2446:maw nung
2422:charcoal
2331:tamarind
2329:, sweet
2321:, young
2319:rambutan
2283:sweetsop
2040:skin โ (
1857:leaf โ (
1761:เปเบฒเบเปเบฅเบฑเปเบ
1738:เปเบเปเบฒเบเบเบฒเบก
1710:Tamarind
1529:goy/laap
1507:เปเบเบซเบญเบกเบฅเบฒเบ
1457:เบซเบปเบงเบชเบดเบเปเบ
1263:Galangal
1240:Cucumber
1044:เปเบชเบฑเปเบเปเบเบต
959:เปเบเบปเปเบฒเปเบฝเบง
873:Thainess
792:(1861).
757:via the
751:Thailand
720:Cambodia
689:เปเบเบปเปเบฒเบเบตเป
679:, where
568:เปเบเบปเปเบฒเปเบฝเบง
539:ahan lao
518:เบญเบฒเบซเบฒเบเบฅเบฒเบง
484:Lao text
284:Religion
248:folklore
106:Vat Phou
101:Lan Xang
81:Peopling
42:a series
40:Part of
9254:Outline
9224:Commons
9141:history
9121:Cooking
9109:Related
8979:Peasant
8974:Ottoman
8944:Hittite
8819:Kashrut
8802:Chinese
8797:Islamic
8709:Pashtun
8679:Kurdish
8657:Mizrahi
8585:English
8513:British
8498:Chinese
8478:Balochi
8425:Zambian
8380:Ugandan
8365:Turkmen
8360:Turkish
8308:Swedish
8266:Catalan
8231:Spanish
8191:Serbian
8156:Rwandan
8119:Cossack
8109:Chechen
8104:Bashkir
8099:Russian
8004:Nauruan
7964:Mexican
7944:Maltese
7922:Sabahan
7872:Lesotho
7862:Latvian
7847:Kuwaiti
7842:Kosovan
7788:Ivorian
7746:Lombard
7736:Apulian
7726:Italian
7721:Israeli
7706:Iranian
7612:Tripuri
7582:Punjabi
7502:Bengali
7462:Haitian
7457:Guinean
7400:Gambian
7388:Occitan
7363:Finnish
7321:Emirati
7274:Faroese
7259:Cypriot
7227:Tibetan
7222:Sichuan
7197:Beijing
7192:Chinese
7187:Chilean
7182:Chadian
7165:Acadian
7140:Burmese
7093:English
7078:British
7038:Belgian
6988:Angolan
6846:Eastern
6841:Central
6809:Central
6750:African
6609:Vietnam
6509:Lebanon
6439:Georgia
6389:Bahrain
6379:Armenia
6297:Outline
6238:Cuisine
6225:Culture
6138:Society
6114:Tourism
6099:Fishing
6064:Economy
5900:Borders
5741:History
5553:Lao tea
5548:Lao-Lao
5543:Lao hai
5533:Beerlao
5441:Nam tok
5410:Tom yum
5334:Som moo
5304:Pad Lao
5294:Lard na
5080:15 July
4717:Bangkok
4600:6 March
4399:18 June
4095:11 June
4038:11 June
4008:11 June
3904:Lao-hai
3898:Lao lao
3888:Beerlao
3854:Nam pun
3804:Beerlao
3785:Lao lao
3773:Lao hai
3768:lao lao
3762:lao hai
3754:Nescafรฉ
3750:Arabica
3746:robusta
3734:Pakxong
3699:kabocha
3689:Nam van
3616:เบเบญเบเบซเบงเบฒเบ
3594:bรกnh mรฌ
3564::
3483:Pad Lao
3477:Mee nam
3456:Lard na
3365:Noodles
3358:som moo
3238:Mok gai
3179:Ping pa
3131:Tom yum
2987:Tam som
2974:Nam tok
2895:Yaw dip
2888:giรฒ lแปฅa
2858:Som moo
2827:Sai oua
2819:Sai kok
2754:เบเบฑเบเปเบเปเบก
2736:Sai oua
2636:mai thu
2622:pha kao
2618:ka toke
2610:ka toke
2600:ka toke
2587:ka toke
2558:ping pa
2538:ya nang
2505:removed
2490:sources
2414:brazier
2387:mak yom
2383:soursop
2375:langsat
2323:coconut
2108:Insects
2046:เปเบฑเบเปเบเบฑเบก
1886:เปเบฒเบเบเบปเปเบง
1863:เปเบเบขเบฒเบเบฒเบ
1817:เบเบฑเบเบเบปเปเบ
1784:เปเบฒเบเปเบเปเบ
1695:เบเบปเปเบงเปเบเบ
1687:Shallot
1660:Sakhaan
1616:เปเบฒเบเบซเบธเปเบ
1430:เปเบฒเบเปเบเบทเบญ
1161:เปเบฒเบเปเบเบฑเบ
1088:เบเบปเบงเบฅเบฐเบเบฒ
976:amylose
885:som tam
763:Malacca
755:Vietnam
665:ceviche
545:cuisine
534::
397:Symbols
325:Theatre
255:Cuisine
237:Costume
71:History
9030:Fusion
9013:Styles
8999:Soviet
8964:Mughal
8959:Muisca
8749:Yup'ik
8739:Tejano
8729:Romani
8672:Syrian
8632:Jewish
8580:Indian
8565:Gagauz
8533:Indian
8488:Buryat
8483:Berber
8439:Ethnic
8420:Yemeni
8318:Syrian
8251:Basque
8221:Somali
8211:Slovak
8144:Udmurt
8089:Qatari
8079:Polish
8034:Niuean
7939:Malian
7882:Libyan
7852:Kyrgyz
7825:Korean
7820:Kenyan
7815:Kazakh
7654:Betawi
7644:Banjar
7597:Sindhi
7547:Kerala
7507:Bihari
7487:Andhra
7482:Indian
7425:Cretan
7410:German
7368:French
7346:Fijian
7269:Danish
6906:Afghan
6866:Global
6836:Balkan
6654:Taiwan
6589:Turkey
6554:Russia
6494:Kuwait
6474:Jordan
6464:Israel
6424:Cyprus
6404:Brunei
6399:Bhutan
6318:Portal
6278:Sports
6248:Emblem
6233:Anthem
6170:Health
6094:Energy
5925:Rivers
5915:Mekong
5731:
5655:Tao-lo
5599:Padaek
5594:Nam pa
5477:Kaipen
5395:Or lam
5329:Pon pa
5171:
5157:
5142:
5120:
5105:
5071:
4737:
4591:
4367:
4340:
4265:
4223:
4072:
3869:Oliang
3847:Nam oi
3839:Ca fay
3826:Russia
3775:means
3712:Drinks
3532:Breads
3232:Mok pa
3124:padaek
3099:Or lam
3005:salad.
2950:เบชเบฐเบซเบผเบฑเบ
2922:Salads
2865:Som pa
2762:Kaipen
2719:padaek
2656:Dishes
2578:ka tok
2418:tao-lo
2389:, and
2379:grapes
2371:santol
2347:pomelo
2339:durian
2335:papaya
2327:orange
2311:banana
2291:litchi
2287:longan
2261:Fruits
2096:Mok pa
2076:Padaek
2036:Dried
1939:Padaek
1916:nam pa
1855:Yanang
1753:Tomato
1718:เปเบฒเบเบเบฒเบก
1668:เบชเบฐเบเปเบฒเบ
1608:Papaya
1484:เปเบฒเบเบเบฒเบง
1367:เปเบเปเบเปเบ
1359:Kaipen
1309:Ginger
1286:Garlic
1248:เปเบฒเบเปเบเบ
1130:Banana
1115:เปเปเปเปเบกเป
972:grains
891:, and
858:somtam
838:somtam
670:greens
618:, and
352:Cinema
214:People
44:on the
9131:Drink
9076:Lists
9047:Haute
8954:Mayan
8879:Aztec
8792:Hindu
8704:Parsi
8694:Malay
8622:Inuit
8493:Cajun
8395:Uzbek
8328:Tajik
8313:Swiss
8303:Swazi
8149:Yamal
8139:Tatar
8134:Sakha
8044:Omani
8024:Niger
7766:Roman
7716:Irish
7711:Iraqi
7649:Batak
7602:Tamil
7420:Greek
7301:Dutch
7264:Czech
7254:Cuban
7118:Welsh
6981:Texan
6819:South
6799:Asian
6787:South
6782:North
6755:North
6694:Macau
6614:Yemen
6574:Syria
6549:Qatar
6529:Nepal
6469:Japan
6444:India
6434:Egypt
6419:China
6304:Index
6268:Music
6215:Women
6184:Delta
6150:Crime
5935:Towns
4623:(PDF)
4492:(PDF)
3443:laksa
3382:) or
3042:Kaeng
2941:Sarad
2813:Miang
2367:melon
2355:guava
2299:mango
2237:Vespa
1947:เบเบฒเปเบเบ
1924:เบเปเบณเบเบฒ
1645:เบเบญเบเปเบ
1602:kadao
1383:algae
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