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625:) and palaces, almost all of them several centuries old. Most buildings have acquired a neoclassical look over time, but the basic structures are older and can be seen in their doorways, architectural details and interiors. Vast medieval cellars of the buildings are used as pubs, restaurants and cabarets. The square is lined with many restaurants and cafes. One of the most renowned,
733:. There are passages linking some of the basements, such as the one linking the Town Hall Tower with the Cloth Hall. The Hall itself has a little-known underground trading hall, 100 meters wide (328 ft) and 5 meters high (16.4 ft). Near Sienna Street there is another underground hall (
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is two times larger. The
Project for Public Spaces (PPS) lists the square as the best public space in Europe due to its lively street life, and it was a major factor in the inclusion of Kraków as one of the top off-the-beaten-path destinations in the world in 2016.
320:. The Main Square was designed in its current state with each side repeating a pattern of three, evenly spaced streets set at right angles to the square. The exception is Grodzka Street which is much older and connects the Main Square with the
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In addition to its original merchant functions the Main Square witnessed many historical events, and it was used to stage public executions of prisoners held in the city's Town Hall. It was a place of regal ceremonies as part of the
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is deeply rooted in colorful traditions with the Main Square remaining most lively and crowded year-round. Like other notable old-town squares, Main Market Square in Kraków is also known for its large population of
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style by
Giovani il Mosca from Padua. The arcades were added in the 19th century. The ground floor is continually used for commerce with its many souvenir shops and cafés; upstairs houses the Gallery of the
855:, florist stalls, gift-shops, beer-gardens and horse-drawn carriages. Fiacres first appeared in the 1830s as rented carriages. Now, they offer tours around the Old Town and to the Wawel Royal Castle.
645:'s restaurant, remembered for the great feast of 1364 which, according to the legend, lasted for twenty one days and helped to reach a consensus between the monarchs of Europe.
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Among the square's landmarks is the cloth hall, which was originally designed in the 14th century as a center for cloth trade. It was gutted by fire in 1555 and rebuilt in the
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Originally the market square consisted of more structures that were crucial to the economy and political life of the city and thus created a microcosm of the city. The
703:, which both existed until the 19th century. The foundations of the weigh houses were excavated in the early 21st century and incorporated into an underground museum.
641:, above. Among the many tourism-oriented venues there is also the International Centre of Culture. Probably the most famous of the oldest establishments is the
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built in the 14th century on the ruins of an earlier church destroyed by the Tartar raids of 1241. In the vicinity of the Market Square one can listen to the
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was destroyed along with historical commemorative plaques taken from buildings at the square. After the war, the monument was reconstructed.
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Since its creation, the level of the Market Square has raised, in some places by over 5 metres (16 ft). Underneath there are large
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PPS is a nonprofit organization in partnerships with NGOs worldwide fostering community-based planning in cities and regions.
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movement. In 2013 Lonely Planet travel guides rated Kraków's Main Market Square as the most beautiful in the world.
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to the south. Ever since its creation the square has been considered the center of the city.
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in 1241, the Main Square was rebuilt in 1257 and its commercial role expanded with the
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war crime. Also, the Main Square was central in staging mass demonstrations of the
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Rick Steves' 2006 Europe
Through the Back Door: The Travel Skills Handbook
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Project for Public Spaces PPS website; "Making Places", December 2005.
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The Main Square is a square space surrounded by historic townhouses (
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Jews traded on the square as early as the 15th century. During the
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decorated with carved masks. On one side of the cloth hall is the
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and the city flourished as an important
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were piled up as a symbol of regained independence in 1918.
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that filled nearly a quarter of the square. Kraków was the
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378:), frequented by diplomats and dignitaries traveling to
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Antoni Hawełka biography at the restaurant history page
1010:"Kraków among the most interesting cities in the world"
1055:
Finding Your Jewish Roots in
Galicia: A Resource Guide
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Prague: The Crown of
Bohemia 1347 - 1437 (Google-book)
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The Main Square is surrounded by old brick buildings (
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Large public space in the Old Town of Kraków, Poland
978:
Steane, John: The
Archeology of Power (Google-book)
839:party in Poland. Every year on Christmas Eve, the
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714:. Many cellars are now transformed into pubs and
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936:Fallen: My Travels in Ireland and Eastern Europe
362:taking the oath at the Rynek. 1797 painting by
228:. The center of the square is dominated by the
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316:location of the city by the prince of Kraków,
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382:. In 1364 King Casimir held the Pan-European
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1057:. Teaneck, New Jersey: Avotaynu. p. 4.
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1158:High-res satellite photo of the Main Square
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827:celebrations, Festival of Military Bands,
42:Main Square as seen from the tower of the
905:. Avalon Travel Publishing. p. 496.
799:Learn how and when to remove this message
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554:government's refusal to acknowledge the
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406:, accepting Polish kings' suzerainty, (
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530:placed the Main Square as part of the
476:of Polish armed forces, beginning the
272:). Kraków Main Square does not have a
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1482:Museum of the History of Photography
833:Great Orchestra of Christmas Charity
781:adding citations to reliable sources
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328:road running around it. It was King
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815:selected Kraków's Rynek Główny as
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596:The Main Square is located on the
426:celebrated another victory in the
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1487:Museum of Municipal Engineering
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768:needs additional citations for
488:army and it was where, next to
418:held a victory parade over the
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503:The market square in the 1930s
466:announced the general uprising
455:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
332:who built the original Gothic
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1600:Tourist attractions in Kraków
1492:John Paul II Cathedral Museum
1472:Ethnographic Museum of Kraków
1457:Archdiocesal Museum in Kraków
933:Brian Walters (1 July 2004).
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484:, civilians clashed with the
50:in its centre, free-standing
1409:Saints Peter and Paul Church
1034:"The Rynek and its Environs"
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240:style, topped by a attic or
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639:Historical Museum of Kraków
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453:, moved the capital of the
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991:Alex White, Kathy Madden,
870:Culture of medieval Poland
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18:Main Market Square, Kraków
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993:The World's Best Squares.
813:Project for Public Spaces
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515:, the square was renamed
388:Albert I, Duke of Prussia
386:there. On 10 April 1525,
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1262:Łagiewniki-Borek Fałęcki
1087:"Mordercom katyńskim..."
1053:Wynne, Suzan F. (1998).
999:Retrieved June 29, 2013.
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841:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
686:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
574:The Main Square (in red)
521:Adam Mickiewicz monument
258:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
56:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
1605:Market Square in Poland
1507:Jan Matejko Manor House
1497:National Museum, Kraków
1467:Museum of the Armed Act
817:the World's Best Square
729:in the basement of the
404:Grand Duke of Lithuania
1519:Polish Aviation Museum
1399:Basilica of Saint Mary
831:, Gala Concert of the
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1534:Galicia Jewish Museum
1404:Veit Stoss altarpiece
1310:Wzgórza Krzesławickie
1153:at Wikimedia Commons
811:In December 2005 the
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422:and in 1531 nobleman
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330:Casimir III the Great
318:Bolesław V the Chaste
295:Main Square in Kraków
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150:50.06167°N 19.93722°E
1524:Armia Krajowa Museum
1447:Museum of Insurances
899:Rick Steves (2005).
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536:World Heritage Sites
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119:Stare Miasto, Kraków
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591:Krzysztofory Palace
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384:Congress of Kraków
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155:50.06167; 19.93722
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1512:Sukiennice Museum
1477:Geomogical museum
1280:Bieżanów-Prokocim
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912:978-1-56691-721-6
865:Culture of Kraków
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1124:. 2016-10-25
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1012:. 2016-11-10
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789:October 2018
786:
775:Please help
770:verification
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1366:Attractions
1250:Zwierzyniec
1162:Google Maps
1122:Krakow.wiki
716:restaurants
650:Renaissance
410:). In 1514
299:Jan Matejko
297:painted by
238:Renaissance
169:Main Square
153: /
129:Coordinates
64:Native name
31:Main Square
1590:1257 works
1584:Categories
1394:Sukiennice
1268:Swoszowice
1220:Grzegórzki
1128:2019-04-26
1092:2009-10-08
1090:Retrieved
1039:2009-10-08
1016:2016-11-11
886:References
823:Festival,
667:Wit Stwosz
598:Royal Road
560:Solidarity
412:Lithuanian
372:Royal Road
360:Kościuszko
334:Cloth Hall
264:towers of
234:Sukiennice
230:Cloth Hall
141:19°56′14″E
48:Cloth Hall
1379:Kazimierz
1342:Kazimierz
1316:Nowa Huta
1304:Bieńczyce
1244:Bronowice
1238:Krowodrza
1206:Districts
952:April 21,
918:April 21,
720:Maszkaron
708:basements
661:with its
643:Wierzynek
627:Pod Palmą
622:kamienica
584:Pod Palmą
552:communist
548:Home Army
390:paid the
338:town hall
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256:and 1898
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183:) of the
138:50°3′42″N
1552:Timeline
1327:Old Town
1286:Podgórze
1073:39045032
859:See also
825:Lajkonik
699:and the
684:and the
566:Location
526:In 1978
519:and the
486:Austrian
470:pictured
408:pictured
336:and the
226:churches
200:medieval
185:Old Town
115:Location
96:Medieval
84:Namesake
1544:History
1442:Manggha
1424:Museums
1347:Bielany
1337:Kleparz
1318:(XVIII)
1292:Czyżyny
1256:Dębniki
420:Muscovy
344:of the
342:capital
293:at the
280:History
197:largest
46:, with
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1312:(XVII)
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1258:(VIII)
1198:Kraków
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741:Events
727:museum
678:heynal
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635:Vienna
528:UNESCO
490:Ratusz
459:Warsaw
262:Gothic
224:) and
212:Prague
206:, but
204:Europe
189:Kraków
173:Polish
123:Poland
76:Polish
72:
1374:Wawel
1332:Wawel
1306:(XVI)
1294:(XIV)
1282:(XII)
1252:(VII)
1228:(III)
881:Notes
663:Altar
556:Katyn
414:duke
87:Rynek
1300:(XV)
1276:(XI)
1264:(IX)
1246:(VI)
1234:(IV)
1222:(II)
1069:OCLC
1059:ISBN
954:2013
941:ISBN
920:2013
907:ISBN
846:The
669:, a
587:café
402:and
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167:The
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