1105:. Al-Bakri recounts that others joined these early settlers there, until they numbered around four thousand, at which point they laid the groundwork for the city. They elected a leader, 'Isa bin Mazid al-Aswad (the Black), to handle their affairs during the earliest first few years after the town's establishment. However, after ruling for 14 years, he was accused by his companions of corruption and executed. Abu al-Qasim Samgu bin Wasul al-Miknasi, chief of a branch of the Miknasa tribe, became the leader of the town. This Abu al-Qasim and his descendants formed the Midrarid dynasty.
273:
231:
1194:, had miraculous powers and caused a spring to gush forth outside of the city. A Jewish resident of the city witnessed this, and spread the word throughout Sijilmasa that 'Abd Allah was going to attempt to take over the city. At or around the same time, Prince Yasa', the Midrarid ruler, received a letter from the Abbasids in Baghdad, warning him to close his frontiers and be wary of 'Abd Allah. Yasa' was forced to imprison the men he had previously patronized. 'Abd Allah's servant escaped to
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tallies with the frequently repeated statement by the medieval sources that the dynasty lasted for 160 years, and the fact that a person of that name, which the dynasty is named after, is not mentioned before then. It therefore appears that the
Midrarid dynasty either appeared in 823/4, or likely was
1214:
dynasty. The army arrived in the
Tafilalt in the latter half of 909, and laid siege to the city. After Yasa' was killed in that year or the next, the Midrar dynasty began a long process of fragmentation that eventually resulted in a hostile takeover by the Maghrawa Berbers, former clients of the
1124:
took a direct route across the desert, but because of the harsh conditions, this route was abandoned. Instead caravans passed through the
Maghreb to Sijilmasa, then headed south across the Sahara. Sijilmasa's economic wealth is evidenced by Ibn Hawqal's story about a bill issued to a trader in
1133:
from another merchant based out of
Sijilmasa. Ibn Hawqal explains that he has never heard of such a large sum of money in all of his travels. Not only was Ibn Hawqal impressed with the volume of trade with the Maghrib and Egypt,
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in 757/8, and in 772, became its second ruler. According to the second version, the dynasty was established by a smith called Midrar, who fled the suppression of the
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interpretations, but also threatened to the status quo of
Abbasid caliphate. According to legend, 'Abd Allah and his son fulfilled a prophecy that the
1172:, arrived in the Maghreb in 905. 'Abd Allah and his son made their way to Sijilmasa, fleeing persecution by the Abbasids, who not only belonged to the
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to
Sijilmasa. They hid among the population of Sijilmasa for four years under the countenance of the Midrar rulers, specifically one Prince Yasa'.
445:
1737:
973:
903:
1120:, completed around 988 AD, Sijilmasa grew in economic power due to shifting trade routes. At one time trade between Egypt and the
1050:—are not in agreement over the details, and two different traditions are reported. According to the first, the family was founded by a
1301:
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1086:, it is clear that Sijilmasa was already in existence by the late 8th century, but on the other hand, the arrival of Midrar in
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737:
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On account of its wealth, the city was able to assert its independence under the
Midrarid dynasty, freeing itself from the
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was Abu 'Abdallah; he quickly mustered an army to rescue his compatriot. On his way to
Sijilmasa, he subdued
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The exact origin or date of foundation of the
Midrarid dynasty are unclear, as the main sources—in the main,
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364:
1617:
Love, Paul M. Jr. (2010). "The Sufris of
Sijilmasa: Toward a history of the Midrarids".
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in 818, and settled at the site where Sijilmasa was later established. According to
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a separate line descended from Samgu, but any such connection is tentative.
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This story is related in Al-Bakri's account in Levtzion, "Corpus"
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477:
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1101:, Sufrite Kharijites first settled the town in the wake of the
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destabilized the city during the 10th century, beginning with
1116:
between 947 and 951 A.D. According to the account in his
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1026:, starting in the late 8th or early 9th century to 976/7.
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1598:
Levtzion, Nehemia; Hopkins, John F. P., eds. (2000) .
1421:
1069:
1005:
1500:
1683:
1639:
1560:(1968). "Ibn-Hawqal, the cheque, and Awdaghost".
1922:
1190:According to al-Bakri, al-Qasim, the son of the
88:
1597:
1494:
1482:
1470:
1458:
1600:Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West Africa
1523:. New York: Methuen & Co Ltd. p. 22.
1329:, known as al-Muntasir (victorious), 823/4–867
1218:
1745:
1148:as early as 771. Shifting alliances with the
1064:. Samgu led the establishment of the town of
967:
1168:dynasty. 'Abd Allah, accompanied by his son
1667:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 1038–1042.
1257:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1752:
1738:
1707:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1659:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
974:
960:
1715:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 545–546.
1277:Learn how and when to remove this message
1681:
1556:
1518:
1506:
1138:noted gold from Sudan was minted here.
14:
1923:
1637:
1446:
1434:
1314:Abu'l-Muntasir al-Yasa ibn Abi'l-Qasim
1302:Abu'l-Qasim Samgu ibn Wasul al-Miknasi
1733:
738:Revolution of the King and the People
1619:The Journal of North African Studies
1616:
1255:adding citations to reliable sources
1222:
1103:Berber revolts against the Umayyads
995:
24:
1308:Abu'l-Wazir al-Yas ibn Abi'l-Qasim
25:
1967:
1602:. New York: Marcus Weiner Press.
332:(8th century BC – 7th century AD)
1227:
939:
925:
650:Bombardment of Casablanca (1907)
271:
229:
204:
1410:Abd Allah ibn Muhammad, 963–976
1210:Kharijite stronghold under the
1537:
1512:
1497:, pp. 45, 47, 381 Note 6.
733:Opposition to European control
13:
1:
1414:
1087:
599:Anglo-Moroccan Treaty of 1856
1320:
7:
1495:Levtzion & Hopkins 2000
1483:Levtzion & Hopkins 2000
1471:Levtzion & Hopkins 2000
1459:Levtzion & Hopkins 2000
1289:
1219:List of rulers of Sijilmasa
1070:
1006:
785:Coup d'état attempt in 1971
583:(beginning 19th century AD)
502:(beginning 11th century AD)
328:Classical to Late Antiquity
10:
1972:
1562:Journal of African History
1550:
1519:Levtzion, Nehemia (1973).
1407:(Muntasir Billah), 958–963
1029:
726:Tangier International Zone
655:French conquest of Morocco
1772:
1631:10.1080/13629380902734136
1574:10.1017/S0021853700008847
1162:Abd Allah al-Mahdi Billah
1099:Book of Routes and Places
446:Territorial fragmentation
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1381:Muhammad Mutazz ibn Saru
1097:According to al-Bakri's
547:other political entities
1956:10th century in Morocco
1353:, 867–877 (second time)
1296:Isa ibn Mazyad al-Aswad
1129:for forty-two thousand
1014:dynasty that ruled the
816:Western Sahara conflict
1951:9th century in Morocco
1521:Ancient Ghana and Mali
1112:visited Spain and the
1022:from their capital of
559:Principality of Debdou
450:(10th–11th century AD)
1946:8th century in Africa
1682:Terrasse, M. (1997).
1449:, pp. 1038–1039.
1389:, 933 / 934–942 / 943
1387:Muhammad ibn Muhammad
1333:Maymun ibn Rustumiyya
426:Barghwata confederacy
384:(8th–10th century AD)
55:Common languages
1638:Pellat, Ch. (1991).
1251:improve this section
1215:Cordoban caliphate.
1150:Caliphate of Córdoba
1108:The Arab geographer
697:Spanish protectorate
604:Hispano-Moroccan War
461:Caliphate of Córdoba
419:Emirate of Sijilmasa
360:Mauretania Tingitana
34:Emirate of Sijilmasa
1357:Muhammad ibn Maymun
1351:Maymun ibn Thakiyya
1347:, 867 (second time)
1339:Maymun ibn Thakiyya
794:Moulay Bouazza plot
692:French protectorate
633:Treaty of Algeciras
594:Franco-Moroccan War
365:Exarchate of Africa
1405:Samgu ibn Muhammad
1399:Muhammad ibn Wasul
1393:Samgu ibn Muhammad
1375:Ahmad ibn Thakiyya
1369:Wasul ibn Thakiyya
1345:Muntasir ibn Yasah
1118:Kitab Surat al-Ard
946:History portal
932:Morocco portal
828:Hirak Rif Movement
823:2011–2012 protests
1918:
1917:
1761:Islamic dynasties
1722:978-90-04-10422-8
1674:978-90-04-08112-3
1558:Levtzion, Nehemia
1461:, pp. 64–87.
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1286:
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983:
618:Treaty of Wad Ras
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466:Fatimid Caliphate
400:Umayyad Caliphate
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225:Almoravid dynasty
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16:(Redirected from
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1685:"Sid̲j̲ilmāsa"
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1507:Levtzion 1968
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1236:This section
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1209:
1206:, the nearby
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829:
826:
824:
821:
820:
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812:
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807:
804:
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800:
799:Years of lead
797:
795:
792:
790:
786:
783:
782:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
765:
760:
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718:
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712:
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695:
693:
690:
689:
686:
685:Treaty of Fez
683:
682:
677:
665:
664:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
642:
639:
638:Agadir Crisis
636:
634:
631:
629:
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624:
621:
619:
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510:
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417:
415:
412:
411:
408:
407:Berber Revolt
405:
404:
401:
398:
396:
393:
392:
387:
380:Early Islamic
375:
374:
366:
363:
361:
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63:
60:
57:
53:
50:
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43:
38:
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19:
1782:
1712:
1705:
1664:
1657:
1622:
1618:
1599:
1565:
1561:
1539:
1520:
1514:
1502:
1490:
1478:
1466:
1454:
1442:
1273:
1264:
1249:Please help
1237:
1191:
1189:
1180:
1140:
1122:Ghana Empire
1117:
1107:
1098:
1096:
1091: 823/4
1033:
987:
985:
937:
923:
881:
787: /
670:Protectorate
545:
343:Carthaginian
194:Succeeded by
193:
188:
1911:(1837–1969)
1905:(1711–1835)
1903:Karamanlids
1899:(1705–1957)
1887:(1549–1659)
1881:(1472–1554)
1875:(1269–1465)
1869:(1235–1556)
1863:(1229–1574)
1857:(1147–1269)
1851:(1059–1158)
1849:Khurasanids
1845:(1040–1147)
1839:(1008–1152)
1819:Sulaymanids
1789:Muhallabids
1702:Lecomte, G.
1654:Pellat, Ch.
1447:Pellat 1991
1435:Pellat 1991
1316:790/1–823/4
1185:Mesopotamia
1040:Ibn Khaldun
1007:Banu Midrār
811:Green March
262:History of
189:Preceded by
163:annexation
134:Middle Ages
1941:Kharijites
1925:Categories
1843:Almoravids
1833:(973–1148)
1809:(790–1066)
1779:(710–1019)
1711:Volume IX:
1663:Volume VI:
1530:0841904316
1415:References
1267:April 2024
1110:Ibn Hawqal
1080:al-Hakam I
1074:revolt in
1044:Ibn Idhari
1018:region in
513:Almoravids
355:Mauretania
296:Mousterian
283:Prehistory
78:Government
1909:Senussids
1897:Husaynids
1879:Wattasids
1867:Zayyanids
1837:Hammadids
1827:(909–973)
1821:(814–922)
1815:(800–909)
1813:Aghlabids
1803:(788–985)
1797:(777–909)
1795:Rustamids
1791:(771–793)
1785:(757–976)
1783:Midrarids
1590:162076182
1395:, 942/943
1377:, 913–921
1371:, 909–913
1365:, 883–909
1359:, 877–883
1321:Midrarids
1310:785–790/1
1304:772–784/5
1298:757/8–772
1238:does not
1146:Caliphate
1136:Al-Masudi
1127:Awdaghust
1066:Sijilmasa
1024:Sijilmasa
1016:Sijilmasa
1001:romanized
996:بنو مدرار
709:Zaian War
674:(1912–56)
530:Wattasids
483:Maghrawas
291:Acheulean
161:Almoravid
147:Sijilmasa
108:Abu Kasim
65:Religion
49:Sijilmasa
1891:'Alawids
1873:Marinids
1855:Almohads
1825:Fatimids
1807:Ifranids
1801:Idrisids
1777:Salihids
1704:(eds.).
1665:Mahk–Mid
1656:(eds.).
1641:"Midrār"
1290:Wasulids
1212:Rustamid
1200:Ifriqiya
1196:Kairouan
1174:Isma'ili
1170:al-Qa'im
1158:Ifriqiya
1154:Fatimids
1152:and the
1078:against
1036:al-Bakri
1010:) was a
899:Military
894:Economic
773:Sand War
768:Ifni War
645:Hafidiya
523:Marinids
518:Almohads
478:Miknasas
473:Ifranids
253:a series
251:Part of
176:Currency
120:Abdallah
82:Monarchy
18:Midrarid
1936:Miknasa
1885:Sa'dids
1861:Hafsids
1765:Maghreb
1713:San–Sze
1551:Sources
1259:removed
1244:sources
1177:Shi'ite
1166:Fatimid
1143:Abbasid
1114:Maghreb
1076:Córdoba
1055:Miknasa
1030:History
1020:Morocco
1003::
789:in 1972
714:Rif War
579:Decline
313:Capsian
301:Aterian
264:Morocco
159:•
145:•
45:Capital
40:757–976
1831:Zirids
1767:region
1719:
1700:&
1671:
1652:&
1606:
1588:
1582:179561
1580:
1527:
1204:Tahert
1131:dinars
1058:Berber
1046:, and
1012:Berber
992:Arabic
904:Postal
889:Jewish
753:Modern
540:Alawis
535:Saadis
498:Empire
255:on the
179:Midrar
149:built
93:
59:Berber
27:Family
1688:. In
1644:. In
1586:S2CID
1578:JSTOR
1341:, 867
1335:, 867
1208:Ibadi
1192:mahdi
1181:mahdi
1071:Ribad
1052:Sufri
875:2010s
870:2000s
865:1990s
860:1980s
855:1970s
348:Roman
69:Sufri
1717:ISBN
1669:ISBN
1604:ISBN
1525:ISBN
1242:any
1240:cite
986:The
89:King
1763:in
1627:doi
1570:doi
1253:by
1156:of
167:976
153:757
1927::
1709:.
1696:;
1692:;
1661:.
1648:;
1623:15
1621:.
1584:.
1576:.
1564:.
1423:^
1088:c.
1060:,
1042:,
1038:,
998:,
994::
1753:e
1746:t
1739:v
1725:.
1677:.
1633:.
1629::
1612:.
1594:.
1592:.
1572::
1566:9
1533:.
1509:.
1280:)
1274:(
1269:)
1265:(
1261:.
1247:.
990:(
975:e
968:t
961:v
20:)
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