210:
of millions of gallons of precious fuel. All the citizens of our Nation will benefit from this legislation. Consumers will benefit, because almost every product we purchase has been shipped by truck, and outmoded regulations have inflated the prices that each one of us must pay. The shippers who use trucking will benefit as new service and price options appear. Labor will benefit from increased job opportunities. And the trucking industry itself will benefit from greater flexibility and new opportunities for innovation.
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geographic regions that they could serve. The law authorized truckers to price freely within a "zone of reasonableness" and so truckers could increase or decrease rates from current levels by 15 percent without challenge. They were encouraged to make independent rate filings with even larger price changes.
223:
A particularly interesting aspect of the legislation is that it was implemented more aggressively, in a pro-competitive direction, than it was written. Promoting independent pricing and open entry were critical to achieving a level of competition, which was made possible by the characteristics of the
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This is historic legislation. It will remove 45 years of excessive and inflationary
Government restrictions and redtape. It will have a powerful anti-inflationary effect, reducing consumer costs by as much as $ 8 billion each year. And by ending wasteful practices, it will conserve annually hundreds
219:
The Act prohibited rate bureaus from interfering with any carrier's rights to publish its own rates. As implemented, it removed most rate making from the rate bureaus, eliminated most restrictions on commodities that could be carried, and deregulated the routes that motor carriers could use and the
228:
in the period immediately following passage of this Act, entry controls were dramatically reduced. In addition, the
Commission interpreted the Act to allow contract rate making without regulatory review, and it opened the field for transport brokers, which could manage better match-ups between the
253:
Deregulation allowed manufacturers to reduce inventories, to move their products more quickly, and to be more responsive to customers. Consumers indirectly benefited from the more efficient, lower-cost transport of goods, according to a comprehensive study from the
Department of Transportation.
183:, the federal government had regulated various transportation modes, starting with the railroad industry, and later the trucking and airline industries. Increasing public interest in deregulation led to a series of federal laws beginning in 1976 with the
232:
Before the law, the industry had simply passed along higher wages and operating costs to shippers. The law had far-reaching consequences, causing a general price reduction for consumer packaged goods, greater price competition, and lower profit margins.
241:
Since the law was passed, the number of new firms has increased dramatically, especially low-cost, non-union carriers. By 1990, the number of licensed carriers exceeded 40,000, more than twice as in 1980. Combined with the
1011:
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Studies of the legislative process leading up to passage of the MCA indicate that the Act resulted from a concert of action by the Carter
Administration, Congressional leaders, including Senator
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This Act was planned to save consumers and in the end created larger cost on trucking companies and tax payers due to creation of overreach DOT and FMCSA
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194:, an extensive coalition of "civil society" organizations which was a follow-on to coalitions created for rail and air transport regulatory reforms, and
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187:. The deregulation of the trucking industry began with the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, which was signed into law by President Carter on July 1, 1980.
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appointed by
Presidents Nixon and Carter who supported the pro-competition objectives of the legislative initiatives of 1971 to 1980 (notably
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The MCA was envisioned to be a sweeping de-regulation of the trucking industry. When
President Carter signed the bill, he proclaimed:
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Administrations, and continued into the 1980s, collectively seen as a part of deregulation in the United States.
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164:, and collective vendor price setting in United States transportation, begun in 1970-71 with initiatives in the
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https://web.archive.org/web/20020129140433/http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/freightplanning/caldwell.htm
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Robyn, Dorothy, Braking the
Special Interests, University of Chicago Press, 1987.
391:
Organization for
Economic Cooperation and Development. International Conference.
289:
Motor
Carrier Act of 1980, Pub. L. No. 96-296, 94 Stat. 793, approved 1980-07-01.
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Solar
Photovoltaic Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1978
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Financial Institutions Regulatory and Interest Rate Control Act of 1978
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Nuclear Safety, Research, Demonstration, and Development Act of 1980
24:
2200:
1982:
1858:
2686:
2144:
1920:
1846:
407:
Sweatshops on Wheels: Winners and Losers in Trucking Deregulation
320:"Motor Carrier Act of 1980 Statement on Signing S. 2245 Into Law"
229:
demand for transport services and the availability of carriers.
156:
Motor carrier deregulation was a part of a sweeping reduction in
384:
Moore, Thomas Gale. "Rail and Truck Reform: The Record So Far."
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2011:
436:
393:
Road Transport Deregulation: Experience, Evaluation, Research.
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1977:
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2416:
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trucking industry. Under Darius Gaskins, the Chair of the
2520:
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Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 1985.
250:
surged, expanding 70 percent between 1981 and 1986.
123:
Motor Carrier Regulatory Reform and Modernization Act
1079:
Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1074:Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
888:Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council
1466:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights
185:Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act
3263:United States federal transportation legislation
3249:
1062:Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
1032:Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act
16:United States federal law; deregulated trucking
322:. The American Presidency Project. 1 July 1980
1721:
452:
930:Tax Reduction and Simplification Act of 1977
817:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
1747:Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
1091:Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act
783:Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978
652:International Emergency Economic Powers Act
2833:Glossary of the American trucking industry
2810:National Motor Freight Traffic Association
1728:
1714:
459:
445:
2784:American Moving & Storage Association
1052:Endangered Species Act Amendments of 1978
945:Crude Oil Windfall Profit Tax Act of 1980
682:Support for Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1290:Jimmy & Rosalynn Carter Work Project
1086:Three Mile Island accident investigation
788:Department of Education Organization Act
168:Administration, carried out through the
995:National Energy Conservation Policy Act
3258:Trucking industry in the United States
3250:
2800:International Brotherhood of Teamsters
1737:Trucking industry in the United States
1000:Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act
401:
3234:Note: Defunct companies are shown in
2805:National Motor Freight Classification
2221:Utility Trailer Manufacturing Company
1709:
1516:Jimmy Carter National Historical Park
1302:Jimmy Carter National Historical Park
750:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978
738:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
440:
968:Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
910:HumphreyâHawkins Full Employment Act
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1775:Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula
1329:Continuity of Government Commission
838:Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1980
805:Federal Emergency Management Agency
13:
1395:We Can Have Peace in the Holy Land
878:Federal Reserve Reform Act of 1977
873:Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
692:IranâUnited States Claims Tribunal
298:Derthick, Martha and Quirk, Paul.
14:
3284:
3064:Eighteen Wheels and a Dozen Roses
672:Engagement with Ruhollah Khomeini
196:Interstate Commerce Commissioners
3167:18 Wheeler: American Pro Trucker
1689:
1688:
1042:Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977
920:National Aquaculture Act of 1980
905:Food and Agriculture Act of 1977
771:Civil Service Reform Act of 1978
466:
23:
1785:International Registration Plan
1481:CarterâMenil Human Rights Prize
1307:Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter House
1280:Presidential Library and Museum
713:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
699:Diplomatic relations with China
377:
181:Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
34:needs additional citations for
3195:Big Rigs: Over the Road Racing
2820:SmartWay Transport Partnership
2815:National Private Truck Council
2789:American Trucking Associations
1372:Palestine: Peace Not Apartheid
898:Right to Financial Privacy Act
833:Agricultural Trade Act of 1978
602:Solar power at the White House
483:President of the United States
334:
312:
292:
283:
226:Interstate Commerce Commission
1:
1569:(2002 television documentary)
1446:Presidential Medal of Freedom
300:The Politics of Deregulation.
276:
151:
125:, more commonly known as the
2541:United States Postal Service
2465:American Lamprecht Transport
1770:Electronic on-board recorder
1751:Economy of the United States
1522:Georgia State Capitol statue
940:Trade Agreements Act of 1979
863:Electronic Fund Transfer Act
793:U.S. Department of Education
723:1980 Summer Olympics boycott
248:intermodal freight transport
236:
7:
3044:Bonnie Jean (Little Sister)
3039:Big Wheels in the Moonlight
2605:Gentle Giant Moving Company
1795:Motor carrier safety rating
1765:Commercial driver's license
1660:(first cousin once removed)
978:Synthetic Fuels Corporation
257:
214:
58:"Motor Carrier Act of 1980"
10:
3289:
3099:Roll On (Eighteen Wheeler)
2950:The Great Smokey Roadblock
1502:Jimmy Carter Peanut Statue
1461:Philadelphia Liberty Medal
1126:State of the Union Address
1037:Antarctic Conservation Act
853:Community Reinvestment Act
3229:
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2407:Old Dominion Freight Line
2401:New England Motor Freight
2358:Less than truckload (LTL)
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2255:
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2183:
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1790:Motor Carrier Act of 1980
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963:U.S. Department of Energy
953:
915:Motor Carrier Act of 1980
825:
758:
635:EgyptâIsrael peace treaty
615:
512:
474:
271:Staggers Rail Act of 1980
264:Motor Carrier Act of 1935
179:Since the passage of the
135:United States federal law
127:Motor Carrier Act of 1980
3181:American Truck Simulator
2550:Regional parcel carriers
2459:Access America Transport
2384:Consolidated Freightways
1067:National Priorities List
893:National security letter
843:Airline Deregulation Act
776:Senior Executive Service
642:TorrijosâCarter Treaties
3273:Economic liberalization
2929:Smokey & the Bandit
2492:Total Quality Logistics
1379:reaction and commentary
1319:Nairobi Agreement, 1999
1111:Moral Equivalent of War
1047:Clean Water Act of 1977
411:Oxford University Press
388:November/December 1988.
3034:A Tombstone Every Mile
2318:Patriot Transportation
1387:Beyond the White House
1236:running mate selection
1204:running mate selection
1121:A Crisis of Confidence
212:
3074:Girl on the Billboard
2677:Bowlin Travel Centers
2449:Third-party logistics
2184:Trailer manufacturers
1963:Hyundai Motor America
1634:Ruth Carter Stapleton
1616:James Earl Carter Sr.
1364:Our Endangered Values
868:Executive Order 12086
812:Executive Order 12172
800:Executive Order 12148
728:Executive Order 12036
657:Executive Order 12170
580:Judicial appointments
502:Georgia State Senator
207:
202:and Darius Gaskins).
3268:1980 in American law
3217:The Rolling Memorial
3104:Six Days on the Road
3054:Drivin' My Life Away
2133:Engine manufacturers
1622:Lillian Gordy Carter
1456:Silver Buffalo Award
1285:Habitat for Humanity
662:Operation Eagle Claw
413:, USA. p. 272.
348:on January 29, 2002.
43:improve this article
3212:Citizens band radio
3059:East Bound and Down
2943:The Gang's All Here
2936:They Drive by Night
2743:J. Harwood Cochrane
2640:Two Men and a Truck
2390:Estes Express Lines
1816:Truck manufacturers
1628:Gloria Carter Spann
1451:Freedom of the City
1116:Island of Stability
985:National Energy Act
973:Energy Security Act
935:Revenue Act of 1978
718:International trips
705:Goldwater v. Carter
647:Iran hostage crisis
570:Political positions
494:Governor of Georgia
405:(August 24, 2000).
3174:18 Wheels of Steel
2996:B. J. and the Bear
2733:Frederick W. Smith
2682:Dixie Travel Plaza
2438:Yellow Corporation
2293:FFE Transportation
1577:(2007 documentary)
1348:Everything to Gain
1324:One America Appeal
630:Camp David Accords
403:Belzer, Michael H.
3245:
3244:
3225:
3224:
3145:Road Dog Trucking
3003:Ice Road Truckers
2915:Maximum Overdrive
2873:Breaker! Breaker!
2658:
2657:
2244:
2243:
2211:Hyundai Translead
1989:Marmon-Herrington
1829:American LaFrance
1745:Regulated by the
1703:
1702:
1476:Christopher Award
1441:Nobel Peace Prize
1403:White House Diary
1356:The Hornet's Nest
1261:
1260:
1099:
1098:
925:Staggers Rail Act
607:Reagan transition
592:Executive Actions
430:978-0-19-512886-4
361:Missing or empty
143:trucking industry
119:
118:
111:
93:
3280:
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3114:The White Knight
3094:Roll On Big Mama
2989:American Trucker
2982:American Loggers
2964:White Line Fever
2848:
2847:
2582:Moving companies
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1813:
1812:
1800:National Network
1780:Hours of service
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1707:
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1692:
1691:
1411:A Call to Action
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344:. Archived from
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200:A. Daniel O'Neal
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3084:Papa Loved Mama
3022:
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2843:Popular culture
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2824:
2772:
2758:Keith Jesperson
2721:
2712:T/A & Petro
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2576:
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2512:National parcel
2506:
2443:
2377:Con-way Freight
2371:Averitt Express
2352:
2343:Western Express
2323:Roehl Transport
2308:Landstar System
2266:Averitt Express
2240:
2231:Wabash National
2216:Lufkin Trailers
2179:
2128:
2124:Workhorse Group
1804:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1734:
1704:
1699:
1680:Ronald Reagan â
1663:
1658:Hugh Carter Jr.
1592:Rosalynn Carter
1580:
1574:Man from Plains
1527:
1490:
1432:
1425:
1333:
1267:Post-presidency
1257:
1182:
1152:
1095:
1023:
1016:
949:
826:Economic policy
821:
766:Cannabis policy
759:Domestic policy
754:
687:Algiers Accords
677:1979 oil crisis
625:Carter Doctrine
611:
597:Rabbit incident
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3017:Trick My Truck
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2807:
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2797:
2796:(Dial-A-Truck)
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2786:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2768:Reginald Denny
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2729:
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2699:
2697:Pilot Flying J
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2630:North American
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2497:Trailer Bridge
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2478:
2477:
2467:
2462:
2454:
2452:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2434:
2429:
2427:TForce Freight
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2380:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2250:
2249:Motor carriers
2246:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2150:Detroit Diesel
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2114:
2109:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1997:
1992:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1917:
1916:
1909:
1895:
1888:
1886:CNH Industrial
1883:
1878:
1873:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1849:
1844:
1837:
1832:
1825:
1819:
1817:
1810:
1806:
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1803:
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1797:
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1787:
1782:
1777:
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1744:
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1655:
1649:
1643:
1637:
1631:
1625:
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1613:
1607:
1601:
1595:
1588:
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1562:
1557:
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1468:
1463:
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1453:
1448:
1443:
1437:
1435:
1427:
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1423:
1415:
1407:
1399:
1391:
1383:
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1368:
1360:
1352:
1343:
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1335:
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1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
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1309:
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1294:
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1282:
1277:
1271:
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1263:
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1259:
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1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1190:
1188:
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1175:
1169:
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1160:
1154:
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1143:
1138:
1133:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1083:
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1081:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1028:
1026:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1004:
1003:
1002:
997:
992:
990:Energy Tax Act
982:
981:
980:
970:
965:
959:
957:
951:
950:
948:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
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902:
901:
900:
895:
890:
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870:
865:
860:
855:
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845:
840:
835:
829:
827:
823:
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820:
819:
814:
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797:
796:
795:
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780:
779:
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730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
709:
708:
696:
695:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
667:Canadian Caper
664:
659:
654:
644:
639:
638:
637:
627:
621:
619:
617:Foreign policy
610:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
588:
587:
577:
572:
567:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
535:
530:
524:
522:
510:
509:
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498:
487:
475:
472:
471:
464:
463:
456:
449:
441:
434:
433:
419:
399:
396:
395:November 1988.
389:
381:
379:
376:
373:
372:
333:
311:
291:
281:
280:
278:
275:
274:
273:
267:
266:
259:
256:
238:
235:
216:
213:
162:entry controls
158:price controls
153:
150:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3285:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3237:
3232:
3231:
3228:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3203:
3197:
3196:
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3178:
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3128:
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3125:
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3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
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3102:
3100:
3097:
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3087:
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3072:
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3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
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3037:
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3032:
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3025:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3007:
3005:
3004:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2986:
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2983:
2979:
2978:
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2898:
2896:
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2881:
2877:
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2874:
2870:
2868:
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2863:
2861:
2860:
2856:
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2840:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2794:DAT Solutions
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2777:Organizations
2775:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
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2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2672:BETO Junction
2670:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2470:C.H. Robinson
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2348:WTI Transport
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2313:PAM Transport
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2165:Mercedes-Benz
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2106:Ward LaFrance
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1995:Mercedes-Benz
1993:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1973:International
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1811:
1809:Manufacturers
1807:
1801:
1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1738:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1719:
1717:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1696:
1695:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1673:â Gerald Ford
1670:
1669:
1666:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
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1599:
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1575:
1571:
1568:
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1563:
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1543:
1540:
1539:
1537:
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1534:
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1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1487:
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1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1428:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1275:Carter Center
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1226:1980 campaign
1224:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1195:
1194:1976 campaign
1192:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:Gubernatorial
1164:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1022:Environmental
1019:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
987:
986:
983:
979:
976:
975:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
958:
956:
955:Energy policy
952:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
885:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
830:
828:
824:
818:
815:
813:
810:
806:
803:
802:
801:
798:
794:
791:
790:
789:
786:
784:
781:
777:
774:
773:
772:
769:
767:
764:
763:
761:
757:
751:
748:
744:
741:
740:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
707:
706:
702:
701:
700:
697:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
649:
648:
645:
643:
640:
636:
633:
632:
631:
628:
626:
623:
622:
620:
618:
614:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
586:
585:controversies
583:
582:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
540:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
525:
523:
520:
515:
511:
503:
499:
495:
492:
488:
484:
481:
477:
476:
473:
469:
462:
457:
455:
450:
448:
443:
442:
439:
431:
427:
422:
420:0-19-512886-9
416:
412:
409:(Hardcover).
408:
404:
400:
397:
394:
390:
387:
383:
382:
368:
355:
347:
343:
337:
321:
315:
309:
308:0-8157-1817-9
305:
301:
295:
286:
282:
272:
269:
268:
265:
262:
261:
255:
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249:
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227:
221:
211:
206:
203:
201:
197:
193:
188:
186:
182:
177:
175:
171:
167:
166:Richard Nixon
163:
159:
149:
146:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: â
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3235:
3193:
3188:Rig 'n' Roll
3186:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3130:Dale Sommers
3015:
3008:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2962:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2922:Over The Top
2920:
2913:
2906:
2901:High-Ballin'
2899:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2864:
2857:
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1640:Billy Carter
1610:Jason Carter
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1510:Jimmy Carter
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1486:Grammy Award
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378:Bibliography
363:|title=
346:the original
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3159:Video games
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2748:Jimmy Hoffa
2738:Iyman Faris
2702:Road Ranger
2664:Truck stops
2140:Caterpillar
2073:Tiger Truck
2046:Shyft Group
1899:Diamond Reo
1864:Caterpillar
1758:Regulations
1652:Hugh Carter
1598:Jack Carter
1554:Mary Prince
1538:Residences
1419:A Full Life
1314:White House
733:Refugee Act
504:(1963â1967)
496:(1971â1975)
485:(1977â1981)
386:Regulation.
192:Ted Kennedy
170:Gerald Ford
139:deregulated
3252:Categories
3109:Teddy Bear
3069:Giddyup Go
2974:Television
2763:Kelly Reno
2615:Interstate
2298:J. B. Hunt
2206:Great Dane
2027:Ram Trucks
1823:AM General
1612:(grandson)
1606:(daughter)
1604:Amy Carter
1542:Birthplace
1433:and honors
1297:The Elders
1241:convention
1209:convention
743:FISA Court
528:Transition
514:Presidency
277:References
152:Background
99:April 2022
69:newspapers
3149:Dave Nemo
3139:Bill Mack
3079:Movin' On
3010:Movin' On
2866:Breakdown
2859:Black Dog
2753:John Hunt
2717:Town Pump
2620:Mayflower
2562:LaserShip
2531:Greyhound
2502:XPO, Inc.
2482:CaseStack
2451:providers
2432:XPO, Inc.
2328:Schneider
2257:Truckload
2160:MaxxForce
2090:UD Trucks
2022:Peterbilt
1906:Diamond T
1876:Chevrolet
1642:(brother)
1508:USS
1231:primaries
1199:primaries
1158:Elections
1057:Superfund
858:DIDMC Act
237:Aftermath
2908:Joy Ride
2894:F.I.S.T.
2625:National
2514:carriers
2283:Covenant
2259:carriers
2226:Vanguard
2201:Fruehauf
2196:Fontaine
2062:Sterling
2001:Moreland
1983:Kenworth
1859:BYD Auto
1853:Brockway
1694:Category
1654:(cousin)
1636:(sister)
1630:(sister)
1624:(mother)
1618:(father)
1251:election
1219:election
1104:Speeches
538:Timeline
519:timeline
354:cite web
326:11 March
258:See also
246:(1980),
215:Contents
3236:italics
3135:Red Eye
2957:Trucker
2707:Roady's
2687:Iowa 80
2650:Wheaton
2272:Celadon
2145:Cummins
2084:Traffic
2056:Spartan
2040:Schacht
2017:Oshkosh
1847:Bremach
1835:Autocar
1556:(nanny)
1532:Related
1375:(2006)
1246:debates
1214:debates
575:Cabinet
133:) is a
83:scholar
3049:Convoy
2880:Convoy
2726:People
2692:Love's
2645:United
2610:Global
2600:Bekins
2590:Allied
2572:OnTrac
2338:Werner
2236:Wilson
2191:Daseke
2170:Paccar
2078:Toyota
2033:Selden
2012:Nissan
1841:Bering
1648:(aunt)
1594:(wife)
1585:Family
1524:(1994)
1518:(1987)
1504:(1976)
1495:Legacy
1431:Awards
1422:(2015)
1414:(2014)
1406:(2010)
1398:(2009)
1390:(2007)
1367:(2006)
1359:(2003)
1351:(1987)
1024:policy
428:
417:
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137:which
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56:
3205:Other
3123:Radio
3027:Music
2595:Atlas
2526:FedEx
2487:Ryder
2395:FedEx
2333:Swift
2175:Volvo
2118:White
2100:Volvo
2068:Tesla
2051:Smith
1978:Isuzu
1968:Hyzon
1947:Hayes
1926:Dodge
1870:Chase
1600:(son)
1339:Books
90:JSTOR
76:books
2887:Duel
2851:Film
2635:PODS
2417:Saia
2288:CRST
2155:Mack
2007:Mack
1958:Hino
1953:Fuso
1936:Ford
1921:Dina
1892:Dart
1547:Home
1178:1970
1173:1966
1146:1981
1141:1980
1136:1979
1131:1978
558:1980
553:1979
548:1978
543:1977
491:76th
480:39th
426:ISBN
415:ISBN
367:help
328:2013
304:ISBN
172:and
141:the
121:The
62:news
2567:LSO
2557:GLS
2536:UPS
2521:DHL
2366:ABF
2278:CFI
2095:VIA
1941:GMC
1913:Reo
1881:CCC
131:MCA
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