Owain Glyndŵr - Knowledge

646:, however, Owain's petition for redress was ignored. Later, in 1400, Lord Grey did not inform Glyndŵr in time about a royal command to levy feudal troops for Scottish border service, thus enabling him to call Glyndŵr a traitor in London court circles. Lord Grey had stature in the royal court of Henry IV. The law courts refused to hear the case, or it was delayed because Lord Grey prevented Owain's letter from reaching the King, which would have repercussions. Sources state that Glyndŵr was under threat because he had written an angry letter to Lord Grey, boasting that lands had come into his possession, and he had stolen some of Lord Grey's horses; and believing Lord Grey had threatened to "burn and slay" within his lands, he threatened retaliation in the same manner. Lord Grey then denied making the initial threat to burn and slay, and replied that he would take the incriminating letter to Henry IV's council and that Glyndŵr would hang for the admission of theft and treason contained within the letter. The deposed king, Richard II, had support in Wales, and in January 1400 serious civil disorder broke out in the English border city of Chester after the public execution of an officer of Richard II. 3668: 3320: 1279: 978: 711: 1192: 1168: 1180: 3418: 1449: 409: 3300: 3265: 997: 3285: 3391: 3403: 1329: 52: 3680: 3572:(the name has since been adopted as the anglicised version of Owain Glyndŵr), wild and exotic; a man who claims to be able to "call spirits from the vasty deep", ruled by magic and tradition in sharp contrast to the more logical but highly emotional Hotspur. Glendower is further noted as being "not in the roll of common men" and "a worthy gentleman,/Exceedingly well read, and profited/ In strange concealments, valiant as a lion/And as wondrous affable and as bountiful/As mines of India." ( 220: 1715:"ard by the church porch and on the western side of it ... It is a flat stone of whitish-grey shaped like a rude obelisk figure, sunk deep into the ground in the middle of an oblong patch of earth from which the turf has been pared away, and, alas, smashed into several fragments." However, a different location has been suggested. In 2006, Adrien Jones, the president of the Owain Glyndŵr Society, said, "Four years ago we visited a direct descendant of Glyndŵr, a John Skidmore, at 842: 803:), where Mortimer was captured. Glyndŵr offered to release Mortimer for a large ransom but, in sharp contrast to his attitude to de Grey, Henry IV refused to pay. Mortimer's nephew could be said to have had a greater claim to the English throne than Henry himself, so his speedy release was not an option. In response, Mortimer negotiated an alliance with Glyndŵr and married one of Glyndŵr's daughters. It is also in 1402 that mention of the French and 702:, all of which were seen as English towns in Wales. The initial revolt got the attention of the King of England after letters were sent asking for military assistance to combat the Welsh rebels. Much of northern and central Wales went over to Glyndŵr, and from then on, Glyndŵr would stay and hiding and only appear to attack his enemy, his army used effective guerrilla warfare tactics against the English occupying territories in Wales. 1305:

changed their strategy. Rather than focusing on punitive expeditions as favoured by his father, the young Prince Henry adopted a strategy of economic blockade. Using the castles that remained in English control, he gradually began to retake Wales while cutting off trade and the supply of weapons. By 1407, this strategy was beginning to bear fruit, and by 1408, the English regained Aberystwyth and then marched north

1727:, where one of Glyndŵr's daughters, Alice, lived. Mr. Skidmore told us that he (Glyndŵr) spent his last days there and eventually died there... It was a family secret for 600 years, and even Mr Skidmore's mother, who died shortly before we visited, refused to reveal the secret. There's even a mound where he is believed to be buried at Mornington Straddle." The 872:. Glyndŵr continued to besiege towns and burn down castles; for 10 days in July that year, he toured the south and southwest of Wales until all of the south joined arms in rebelling against English rule. These actions induced an internal rebellion against the King of England, with the Percys joining the rising. It is around this stage of Glyndŵr's life that 1236:, rather than the enforced English law, establishment of an independent Welsh church as well as two universities, one in south Wales, and one in north Wales. Following this letter, senior churchmen and important members of society flocked to Glyndŵr's banner and English resistance was reduced to a few isolated castles, walled towns, and 791:, designed to coerce submission in Wales, but the result was to create resentment that pushed many Welshmen into the rebellion. In the same year, Glyndŵr captured his archenemy Baron Grey de Ruthyn. He held him for almost a year until he received a substantial ransom from Henry. In June 1402, Glyndŵr defeated an English force led by Sir 1702:

writes that Glyndŵr died on 20 September 1415 at the age of 61 (which would place his birth at approximately 1354). However, there has been confusion as to the place specified as his final resting place. A town of Monnington in England has been mentioned by different people, but there are conflicting

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Despite the initial success of the revolution, in 1407 the superior numbers, resources, and wealth that England had at its disposal eventually began to turn the tide of the war, and the much larger and better-equipped English forces gradually began to overwhelm the Welsh. In times of war, the English

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Glyndŵr managed to escape capture by disguising himself as an elderly man, sneaking out of the castle and slipping past the English military blockade in the darkness of the night. Glyndŵr retreated to the Welsh wilderness with a band of loyal supporters; he refused to surrender and continued the war

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on 9 November 1400. Then, by autumn, Gwynedd and Ceredigion (which temporarily submitted to England for a pardon) and Powys adhered to the rising against the English rule by supporting the rebellion. Glyndŵr's attempts at stoking rebellion with help from the Scottish and Irish were quashed, with the

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Following the intervention of French forces, battling ensued for years, and in 1406 Prince Henry restored fines and redemption for Welsh soldiers to choose their own fate, prisoners were taken after the battle, and castles were restored to their original owners, this same year a son of Glyndŵr died

1644:, Myfanwy and Gwenllian, whilst it is debated whether his son David was born out of wedlock. Ieuan became Glyndŵr's only male descendant to have children. Like his other illegitimate kin, they remained in Wales and married locally into Welsh families. Gwenllian became the wife of Philip ab Rhys ab 766:

was to follow in October, a few months that same year. The rebel uprising had occupied all of North Wales; labourers seized whatever weapons they could, and farmers sold their cattle to buy arms. Secret meetings were held everywhere, and bards "wandered about as messengers of sedition". Henry IV

674:. Then came a number of initial confrontations between Henry IV and Owain's followers in September and October 1400, as the revolt began to spread around North Wales. Glyndŵr, the self appointed Prince of Wales and his hundreds of followers launched an assault on Lord Grey's territories burning 3220:

said: "There is no evidence that Llywelyn had any daughter but Gwenllian, born in the last year of his life and after his death confined for the rest of her days as a nun of the order of Sempringham". Lloyd's assessment has been renewed by other Welsh historians. However, in 19th century, the

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On 21 December 1411, the King of England issued pardons to all Welsh except their leader and Thomas of Trumpington (until 9 April 1413, from which Glyndŵr was no longer excepted). Glyndŵr twice ignored offers of a pardon from the new king Henry V, and despite the large rewards offered for his

1755:. Although Kimbolton is an unexceptional and relatively unknown place outside of Herefordshire, it is closely connected to the Scudamore family. Given the existence of other links with Herefordshire, its place within the mystery of Owain Glyndŵr's last days cannot be discounted. 891:

were leaving their studies to join Glyndŵr, and also that Welsh labourers and craftsmen were abandoning their employers in England and returning to Wales. Owain could also draw on Welsh troops seasoned by the English campaigns in France and Scotland. Hundreds of Welsh

1690:"After four years in hiding, from the king and the realm, Owain Glyndŵr died, and was buried by his followers in the darkness of night. His grave was discovered by his enemies, however, so he had to be re-buried, though it is impossible to discover where he was laid." 1431:

of the Scudamore family – was, in fact, Owain Glyndŵr himself. Similarities have been compared between Siôn Cent and Glyndŵr (including physical appearance, age, education, and character), and claims that Owain spent his last years living with his daughter

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from this time on. Glyndŵr's opportunities were further limited by the death of Sir Gregory Sais in 1390 and the sidelining of FitzAlan, and he probably returned to his stable Welsh estates, living there quietly for ten years during his forties. The

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Nothing certain is known of Glyndŵr after 1412. Despite enormous rewards being offered, he was neither captured nor betrayed. He ignored royal pardons. Tradition has it that he died and was buried possibly in the church of Saints Mael and Sulien at

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In the late 1390s, a series of events occurred which cornered Owain, and forced his ambitions towards a rebellion. The events would later be called the Welsh Revolt, the Glyndŵr Rising (within Wales), or the Last War of Independence. His neighbour,

1081:'s brother), John Hanmer, to negotiate with the French. The result was a formal treaty that promised French aid to Glyndŵr and the Welsh. The immediate effect seems to have been that joint Welsh and Franco-Breton forces attacked and laid siege to 3872:

was known as (Wrexham) Glyndŵr University in his honour. Despite adopting its new name without Glyndŵr in 2023, the university maintains links with the Owain Glyndŵr Society for one of its annual top graduate awards. Glendower Residence, at the

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two days later, but that was to be his final service for the King of England, as he retired his command as leader of the English troops after dealing with Glyndŵr. During that time in the spring of 1401, Glyndŵr appears in South Wales.

3204:(Llywelyn I, The Great d. 1240) who was Gruffudd ap Cynan's great-grandson was Glyndwr's royal ancestor from Gwynedd. Then, alternatively, a third ruler from Gwynedd has been suggested as Glyndwr's last ancestor from Gwynedd, he was 1731:

secret was passed on for centuries, which confirmed Adam Usk's testimony of Glyndŵr's death being common knowledge to those closest to him. The conclusion was that Glyndŵr spent his final years and died in Monnington Straddel in the

1148:. The armies took up battle positions daily and viewed each other from a mile without any major action for eight days. Then, for reasons that have never become clear, the Welsh retreated, and so did the French shortly afterwards. 598:

in December 1387. From 1384 until 1388 he had been active in military service and had gained three full years of military experience in different theatres, and had witnessed some key events and noteworthy people at first hand.

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R. R. Davies noted that certain internal features underscore the roots of Glyndŵr's political philosophy in Welsh mythology: in it, the three men invoke prophecy, and the boundaries of Wales are defined according to Merlinic

5487: 1216:, hence its naming after the location it was written at. Glyndŵr's letter requested to maintain military support from the French to fend off the English in Wales. Glyndŵr suggested that in return, he would recognise 1362:

began to adopt a more conciliatory attitude towards the Welsh. Royal pardons were offered to the major leaders of the revolt and other opponents of his father's regime. As late as 1414, there were rumours that the

7000:(1747–1826) wrote that while raiding English-held territories in Wales, Glyndŵr and his rebels took from the powerful and rich and distributed the loot among the poor, hence why Glyndŵr is often also viewed as a 3264: 3614:(1778, 1781 and 1783), searched out and published many of the legends and places associated with the memory of Glyndŵr. Glyndŵr has been featured in a number of works of modern fiction, including most notably 3510:

in 2000. Also, to celebrate the anniversary of Glyndwr's life, a monument was erected in Machynlleth in 2000, on the 600th anniversary of the beginning of the Glyndŵr Rising. The plinth of the monument has an

7846: 3208:(Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, d. 1282), who was Llywelyn I's grandson from the same dynasty, and also the penultimate Prince of Gwynedd from the final generation of the Aberffraw rulers in Wales before his brother, 6567: 1604:, who had been granted Owain's forfeited lands by the King of England in 1400. Alice's descendant's married into the Scudamore family and her direct descendant John Lucy Scudamore married the daughter of 957:, where he outlined his national programme for an independent Wales. This included such plans as building two national universities (one in the south and one in the north), re-introducing the traditional 3701:

is a historic inn. An earlier building had been a monastery and church dating from the age of Glyndŵr in the 14th century, although the current building mostly dates from the 18th century. The waymarked

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1405 was the "Year of the French" in Wales. A formal treaty between Wales and France was negotiated. On the continent, the French pressed the English as the French army invaded the English Plantagenet

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wrote an elegy for Gwenllian, an illegitimate daughter of Glyndŵr, where it was mentioned that at the time of the Welsh War of independence, the whole of Wales was under Glyndŵr's command, with forty

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Glyndŵr remained free, but he had lost his ancestral home and was a hunted prince. He continued the rebellion, particularly wanting to avenge his wife. In 1410, Owain led a raid into rebel-controlled

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By 1404, no less than four royal military expeditions into Wales had been repelled, and Owain had solidified his control of the nation. In 1404, he was proclaimed by his supporters Prince of Wales (

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totalling 300 men, Owain Glyndŵr prophecised that he was the person to save his people from the English invasions, and proclaimed himself the Prince of Wales. And, after that day, he instigated a

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had been captured by English forces. Glyndŵr refused two royal pardons and retreated to the Welsh hills and mountains with his remaining forces, where he continued to resist English rule by using

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poll of 2003/2004. Stamps were issued with his likeness in 1974 and 2008, and streets, parks, and public squares were named after him throughout Wales. There is a campaign to make 16 September (

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would take the north of England. Although negotiations with the lords of Ireland were unsuccessful, Glyndŵr had reason to hope that the French and Bretons might be more welcoming. He dispatched

3319: 2720: 6976:. However, more modern sources dispute this, instead raising various alternative locations to the original burial. Some common locations raised are: the church of Saints Mael and Sulien at 742:

to bring the country to order. A month later, the King and the English parliament issued an amnesty on 10 March which applied to all rebels with the exception of Owain and his cousins, the

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brought Owain Glyndŵr back into the spotlight and in 2000 celebrations were held all over Wales to commemorate the 600th anniversary of his revolt, including a historic reenactment at the

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were implemented against the Welsh people; this deepened civil unrest and significantly increased support for Glyndŵr across Wales. Then, in 1404, after a series of successful castle

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in Paris. This letter is currently held in the Archives Nationales in Paris. Facsimile copies involving specialist ageing techniques and moulds of Glyndŵr's seal were created by the

6277: 1228:. The letter sets out the ambitions of Glyndŵr for an independent Wales with its own parliament, led by himself as Prince of Wales. These ambitions also included the return of the 544:

Glyndŵr joined the king's military service in 1384 when he undertook garrison duty under the renowned Welshman Sir Gregory Sais (Sir Degory Sais) on the English–Scottish border at

3909:, and is currently used as part of the standard of today's Prince of Wales. Also, the flag has been seen in Wales on commercial products and is also used at Welsh sporting events. 1023:) in Machynlleth is associated with the 1404 parliament but the present building is more recent. Local tradition has it that the stones used came from the original 1404 building. 1470:, also known by her Welsh name Marred ferch Dafydd, and together they had five or six sons and four or five daughters. Also, Owain had some illegitimate children out of wedlock. 2479: 3284: 1747:

suggests in a 2017 monograph that the burial site is in the Kimbolton Chapel near Leominster, the present parish church of St James the Great which used to be the chapelry of

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in May 1405. English forces landed in Anglesey from Ireland and would over time push the Welsh back until the resistance in Anglesey formally ended toward the end of 1406.

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Glyndŵr, facing years on the run, finally lost his estate in the spring of 1403, when Prince Henry as usual marched into Wales unopposed and burnt down Glyndŵr's houses at

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spoke on a podcast about how he has been working on a potential film about Glyndwr's life and the rebellion, and that the production has been in development for 12 years.

1309:, which also surrendered during the cold winter into 1409. Edmund Mortimer died during the siege, and Owain's wife Margaret along with two of his daughters (including 7127: 6743: 6694: 810:

News of the rebellion's success spread across Europe, and Glyndŵr began to receive naval support from Scotland and Brittany. He also received the support of King

1736:, Herefordshire, England on 20 September 1415, and was buried that night on St. Matthew's day (21st). But it's been speculated his body was removed and taken to 5074:"Owen, Edward: 'Owain Lawgoch – Yeuain de Galles: Some Facts and Suggestions', Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, Session 1899–1900, p. 16" 3881:, was named after Owain Glyndŵr. The residence was opened in 1993, having previously been the Glendower Hotel. The hall of residence houses 135 male students. 310:

and was proclaimed by his supporters as the Prince of Wales, in the presence of envoys from several other European kingdoms, and military aid was given from

548:. His surname Sais, meaning 'Englishman' in Welsh, refers to his ability to speak English, not common in Wales at the time. In August 1385, he served King 7380: 6200: 2806: 2703: 6005: 1014: 984: 6329: 6174: 7720: 1212:

continuing between England and France. On 31 March 1406 Glyndŵr wrote a letter to be sent to Charles VI of France in St Peter ad Vincula church at

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helping Owain was first heard. The French were certainly hoping to use Wales as they had used Scotland: as a base from which to fight the English.

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The war continued, and over the next several years, the English gradually gained control of large parts of Wales. By 1409 Owain’s last remaining

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capture, Glyndŵr was never betrayed by the Welsh. His death was recorded by a former follower in the year 1415, at the age of approximately 56.

1342:, and in 1412, he carried out one of the final successful raids. With his most faithful soldiers, he cut through the King's men in an ambush in 8206: 1255:

to six Welsh institutions in 2009. The royal great seal from 1404 was given to Charles IV of France and contains images and Glyndŵr's title –

294:, the event spiralled into a national revolt which pitted common Welsh countrymen and nobles against the English military. In response to the 6883: 3667: 6517: 6813: 5346: 4910: 614:, himself a Welsh Lord, visited Glyndŵr in Sycharth in the 1390s and wrote a number of odes to Owain, praising his host's liberality and 279:. He was an educated lawyer, forming the first Welsh parliament under his rule, and was the last native-born Welshman to claim the title 6858: 4893: 1278: 3188:

descendant of the final ruling monarchs of Powys and Deheubarth, Owain Glyndwr's ancestors were also descended from the Welsh medieval

528:. However they may have married at an earlier date in the late 1370s. They started a large family and Owain established himself as the 3946: 1289:

In early 1405, the Welsh forces, who had until then won several easy victories, suffered a series of defeats. Glyndŵr's brother, Lord

746:, however, both the Tudurs were eventually pardoned after they gave up Conwy Castle on 28 May that same year. Hotspur won a battle at 1350:('Crooked David'). This was the last time that Owain was seen alive by his enemies, although it was claimed he took refuge with the 1009:

Machynlleth may have been chosen due to its central location in Wales and the recently acquired possession of three nearby castles:

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and family tutor. There are many folk tales of Glyndŵr donning disguises to gain an advantage over opponents during the rebellion.

586:. Upon the death in late 1387 of his father-in-law, Sir David Hanmer, knighted earlier that same year by the then King of England, 7913: 6777: 6724: 6091: 3593:" in his attempts to quell the revolt. But it was not until the late 19th century that Glyndŵr's reputation was revived, when the 1042: 977: 639: 360:

Glyndŵr was never captured or killed, and he was also never betrayed despite being a fugitive of the law with a large bounty. In

814:, who agreed to send French troops and supplies to aid the rebellion. In 1403 Glyndwr had amassed an army of 4,000 in his first 8221: 8022: 7728: 4989: 3569: 1752: 396: 710: 465:(Deheubarth), a widow when he was still a boy. Owain Glyndŵr was a direct descendant of all three Welsh Royal Principalities ( 7390: 7277: 7232: 5989: 5962: 5287: 4415: 3951: 1629: 579: 505: 6839: 3576:, 3.1). His enemies describe him "that damn'd magician", which was in reference to having the weather on his side in battle. 3435:

as the first effective guerrilla leader. It has been suggested that Castro, who may have kept books about the Welshman, and

6481: 1085:. The Welsh could also count on semi-official fraternal aid from the Duchy of Brittany and from Scotland. Scots and French 961:, and establishing an independent Welsh church. There were envoys from other countries including France, Scotland, and the 792: 8196: 8191: 5712: 3726: 3238: 1601: 1518: 830:

and Cadwgan, Lord of Glyn Rhondda, defeated a large English invasion force reputedly led by King Henry IV himself at the

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of Glyndyfrdwy, who died around 1370, leaving Glyndŵr's mother Elen ferch Tomas ap Llywelyn, a woman with an accent from

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Upon Owain's disappearance and death, his eldest (oldest child with descendants) daughter Alice came to be known as the

1244: 590:, Glyndŵr returned to Wales as executor of his estate. Glyndŵr next served as a squire to Henry Bolingbroke (later King 7206: 7174: 6702: 6654: 6447: 5206: 3344: 1191: 779:

who favoured Richard II. All the while Glyndŵr, who was in hiding, had his estate at Sycarth forfeited by the King to

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Insurrection in Wales: the rebellion of the Welsh led by Owen Glyn Dwr (Glendower) against the English Crown in 1400

1045:. The Indenture agreed to divide England and Wales among the three of them. Wales would extend as far as the rivers 7970: 7345: 5761: 5637: 5007: 3234: 2496: 1325:

with guerrilla tactics such as launching sporadic raids and ambushes throughout Wales and the English borderlands.

3917:(Rygbi Gogledd Cymru/North Wales Rugby) rugby union team is named in honour of the year Owain Glyndŵr was crowned 3237:(DNB) did contest the claim. Therefore, the assumption is that Glyndwr's great-grandmother through his Mother was 8068: 7109: 20: 4257:"Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion | 1977 | Welsh Journals – The National Library of Wales" 6404: 6376: 6308: 5894: 5828: 5522: 4745: 4452: 3981: 3226: 1136:

before they were bought off. The combined forces of French and Welsh marched through Herefordshire and on into

818:, and 12,000 soldiers in total. A Welsh army including a French contingent assimilated into forces mainly from 7396: 6330:"Mr. Powys Writes of Ancient Wales; Owen Glendower: An Historical Novel. By John Cowper Powys. 2 vols. 938 pp" 3482:

Glyndŵr is now remembered as a national hero and numerous small groups have adopted his symbolism to advocate

1167: 582:, where he saw action in the English Channel at the defeat of a Franco-Spanish-Flemish fleet off the coast of 7750: 7317: 6023: 5693: 5669: 5564: 3339:, Glyndŵr was never betrayed by his own people whilst in hiding, nor was he ever captured by his enemies. In 1733: 1358:

surrendered while he was away fighting. But by then things were changing. Henry IV died in 1413, and his son

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in battle. By 1408 Glyndŵr had taken refuge in the North of Wales, having lost his ally from Northumberland.

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All of Owain and Margaret's sons from their marriage were either taken prisoner and died in confinement, or

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warfare tactics, until his disappearance in 1415, when he was recorded to have died by one of his followers

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were operating around Wales throughout Owain's war. Scottish ships had raided English settlements on the

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As a response to the situation of warfare in Wales, the English Parliament between 1401 and 1402 enacted

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was communicating with Owain, and reinforcements were sent to the major castles in the north and south.

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Glyndŵr later acquired mythical status as the hero awaiting a call to return and liberate his people.

3545:, ("The Lark's Elegy") which some suppose to have been written about Glyndŵr by one of his followers. 3359:

as a folk hero awaiting a call to return and liberate his people in the classic Welsh mythical role– "

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Glyndwr cited himself as the "Prince of Wales" and noted his "right of inheritance" in these letters.

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In 1403, the revolt became truly national in Wales. Royal officials reported that Welsh students at

175: 7489: 3457: 3242: 2353: 1609: 1318: 996: 715: 494: 7198: 6278:"'A Nation Once Again': Owain Glyndŵr and the 'Cymraec Dream' of Anglophone Welsh Victorian Poets" 3787: 3490:("the Sons of Glyndŵr") claimed responsibility for the burning of English holiday homes in Wales. 326:, where he outlined his plans for Wales which included building two universities, reinstating the 7294: 7060: 6499: 4825: 3886: 3874: 1561: 831: 654:

At Sycharth, in Glyndyfrdwy on 16 September 1400, in front of his immediate family, his in-laws,

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through his Mother, Elen. Some sources allege that Glyndwr was a descendant of the Gwynedd King

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in 1400 and 1401. In 1403, a Breton squadron defeated the English in the Channel and devastated

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1400-1409 could be considered the dates of his reign considering the year of his disappearance.

6817: 4006: 3703: 3620: 3582: 3369:, the name Owain has been connected to the legend of the 'son of destiny'. His position as the 1744: 1686:, a one-time supporter of Glyndŵr, made the following entry in his Chronicle in the year 1415: 1217: 1109:. By 1404, they were raiding the coast of England, with Welsh troops on board, setting fire to 846: 561: 7459: 7145: 4918: 4405: 8186: 8150: 8123: 8039: 7622: 7330: 3859:. The portrait was made in support of a campaign to restore the motte and bailey of Sycharth. 3313:(1726–1798), which chronicles the three journeys he made through Wales between 1773 and 1776. 1605: 1237: 1209: 739: 643: 549: 7188: 7975: 7943: 7868: 7809: 7472:

A history of Wales from the Earliest Period: Including Hitherto Unrecorded Antiquarian Lore

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Glyndwr has been perceived to have a mythical status alongside the likes of other medieval

3290: 3212:. Yet, Llywelyn II was noted by some historians as having only one child, a daughter named 3201: 2607: 1621: 1456:

in a late-night vision. This is one of a number of such sketches known collectively as the

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was named after Glyndŵr. The locomotive is still operational and was one of a few used by

3402: 3196:(d. 1137), via his great-grandmother Gwenllian. However, other sources claim that another 667: 627: 268: 8: 8000: 7921: 7889: 7638: 7607: 7478: 7361: 5816: 5665:"LLYWELYN ap GRUFFYDD ('Llywelyn the Last,' or Llywelyn II), Prince of Wales (died 1282)" 5198: 3814: 3694: 3565: 3390: 2255: 2012: 1695: 815: 800: 743: 671: 591: 517: 385: 7094: 3844:

in 2021. Many schools and organisations commemorate the day, and street parades such as

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in 1995, and in 2007 it was replaced with a larger equestrian statue by Colin Spofforth.

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The contemporary source of Adam of Usk's testimony has been embraced as authentic, with

8158: 8115: 8005: 7905: 7838: 7779: 7736: 7576: 7261: 7100: 7072: 6334: 5746:

Maund, Kari: "The Welsh Kings, Warriors, Warlords and Princes", The History Press, 2006

5545: 4800: 3869: 3542: 3483: 3453: 3409: 3213: 3189: 2910: 2464: 2383: 1776: 1768: 1593: 1359: 1355: 1145: 1121: 904: 566: 545: 490: 486: 474: 440: 346: 291: 272: 200: 190: 5025: 4774: 4208: 3487: 3460:. A statue of Glyndŵr by the sculptor Simon van de Put was installed in The Square in 3373:

Prince of Wales was replicated from his distant relative from Gwynedd, another Owain,

1243:

Glyndŵr's Great Seal and a letter handwritten by him to the French in 1406 are in the

962: 7656: 7499: 7386: 7365: 7334: 7273: 7247: 7228: 7202: 7170: 7151: 7136: 6969: 6744:"Corwen's Gwyl Y Fflam Festival to give guests unique look into Owain Glyndwr's home" 6443: 6400: 6372: 6349: 5985: 5958: 5824: 5518: 5283: 5202: 5125: 4837: 4448: 4411: 4372: 3856: 3776: 3646: 3642: 3615: 3598: 3217: 3193: 2577: 2272: 2240: 2125: 2044: 1899: 1748: 1712: 1704: 1510: 1405: 1290: 884: 804: 776: 350: 139: 5688: 5392: 1090: 8142: 8034: 7670: 7663: 7615: 7194: 7064: 6965: 6676: 5245: 5117: 3855:

On 16 September 2023, a portrait of Glyndŵr was unveiled at Sycharth by the artist

3829: 3757: 3560: 3440: 2140: 2027: 1772: 1728: 1716: 1585: 1506: 1502: 1437: 1409: 1351: 1328: 1252: 1110: 869: 659: 497:, through his granddaughter Eleanor. However the existence of Eleanor is disputed. 482: 470: 429: 390: 7519:"Canolfan & Senedd-Dŷ Owain Glyndŵr (Owain Glyndŵr's Parliament & Centre)" 7312: 5664: 5559: 5515:

Kilvert's Diary: 1870–1879: Life in the English Countryside in Mid-Victorian Times

3941: 3865: 3377:

the previous Welsh title holder a few decades earlier, between the 1363 and 1378.

1711:

wrote in his diary that he saw the grave of "Owen Glendower" in the churchyard at

1416:

as the prince's allies, and that later in life he supported 62 female pensioners.

1346:, where he captured, and later ransomed, a leading Welsh supporter of King Henry, 7897: 7830: 7771: 7712: 7431: 7424: 7147:

Defenders of the Norman Crown : Rise and Fall of the Warenne Earls of Surrey

7057: 6260: 5979: 5952: 5114:

Medieval Wales, British History in Perspective, Chapter 46: Rebellion and Revenge

3918: 3890: 3638: 3449: 3352: 3250: 1737: 1708: 1514: 1467: 1458: 1420: 1314: 1133: 1082: 1078: 940: 823: 683: 603: 521: 516:, London, for over a period of seven years. He was possibly in London during the 504:, a rising lawyer shortly to be a justice of the King's Bench, or at the home of 369: 306:

and several battlefield victories for the Welsh, Owain gained control of most of

280: 132: 6156: 5630: 5595: 5121: 8044: 7985: 7965: 7677: 7340: 6611: 6392: 5626: 3956: 3837: 3625: 3607: 3366: 3310: 3270:

Owain Glyndŵr's coat of arms. The design is the same as his predecessor as the

1914: 1699: 1372: 1332: 1306: 1259: 1229: 1221: 1137: 1074: 1070: 1010: 958: 946: 920: 912: 908: 755: 444: 377: 342: 331: 251: 6518:"Royal Mail unveils postbox to celebrate coronation outside Owain Glyndwr pub" 6041: 3233:(DNB) recorded that Glyndŵr was actually a descendant of Llywelyn II, but the 1321:. Before his downfall, Glyndŵr was considered the wealthiest of all Welshmen. 51: 8175: 7990: 7547: 7503: 7123: 6997: 6973: 6117: 5089: 4833: 4238: 3906: 3841: 3825: 3772: 3555: 3374: 3340: 3336: 3275: 3222: 2159: 1931: 1724: 1565: 1453: 1401: 1364: 1157: 1141: 1125: 1106: 1062: 877: 727: 691: 553: 509: 433: 361: 7040:, Alex Gibbon argues the case of Jack of Kent being his alias later in life. 6662: 4653: 3679: 3486:

or Welsh nationalism. For example, during the 1980s, a group calling itself

3249:

who married Eleanor Goch, the daughter of Philip ap Ivor, Lord of Iscoed in

7980: 7518: 7483: 7464: 7436: 7355: 7049: 6586:"The "Owen Glendower", East Indiaman, 1000 Tons. (Entering Bombay Harbour)" 5778:

Siddons M P: 'The Development of Welsh Heraldry', Vol. 1, p. 287, NLW 1991.

5086:

Siddons M P: 'The Development of Welsh Heraldry', Vol. 1, p. 287, NLW 1991.

4964: 3878: 3791: 3470: 3432: 1632:. Whilst Margaret married a knight from Monnington, also in Herefordshire. 1625: 1600:

to regain her inheritance as the heiress of Sycarth in Glyndyfrdwy against

1548: 1050: 1046: 841: 747: 731: 687: 655: 501: 260: 3760:

Island, and then in the Channel. Between 1822 and 1824, she served in the

1505:

and had no issue. Of all of them, Gruffudd was noted as being captured in

1424: 931:

in Paris to try (unsuccessfully) to open the Welsh ports to French trade.

520:

of 1381. By 1384, he was living in Wales and married to David's daughter,

7583: 7184: 7076: 6988:

in South Herefordshire, and also another location in the Monnington area.

6778:"Campaigners vow to continue fight to save home of 'last Prince of Wales" 6118:"Meibion Glyndwr: Home Office papers released about holiday home attacks" 3898: 3810: 3753: 3714: 3637:

A highly fictionalized Glyndŵr is featured in the popular YA book series

3436: 3356: 3246: 3230: 3205: 2688: 1764: 1720: 1683: 1653: 1608:

in the early 19th century, and whose daughter in 1852 married the son of

1589: 988: 954: 897: 857: 827: 735: 723: 513: 477:). And through his mother, he was the direct descendant and heir of both 466: 454: 373: 354: 323: 287: 38: 3653:

after his death, and that whoever can "wake" him will be granted a wish.

3554:

After Glyndŵr's death, there was little resistance to English rule. The

876:, a cousin of the Welsh prince, attempted to assassinate Glyndŵr at the 508:. Owain is then thought to have been sent to London to study law at the 8010: 7530: 7001: 6985: 6262:

The Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, Volumes 4–5

3961: 3902: 3795: 3765: 3742: 3738: 3594: 3209: 1805: 1698:(21 September) generally being accepted as the day of his burial. And, 1597: 1397: 1347: 1339: 1129: 1058: 924: 873: 587: 478: 462: 6201:"Glendower or Glyndwr? Shakespeare and the last Welsh Prince of Wales" 5922: 5920: 3734:

At least two ships and two locomotives have been named after Glyndŵr:

1069:

Lords of March would take all of southern and western England and the

8029: 6006:"This St David's Day, let us remember guerrilla leader Owain Glyndŵr" 5347:"This St David's Day, let us remember guerrilla leader Owain Glyndŵr" 3710: 3370: 3348: 3271: 3245:, and her son Thomas ap Llywelyn (Llywelyn I's 3x grandson), Lord of 3185: 1649: 1577: 1233: 1086: 865: 835: 819: 768: 699: 642:, had seized control of some land, for which Glyndŵr appealed to the 611: 365: 295: 42: 4702: 1763:

Owain Glyndŵr's ancestral connection between the three final ruling

7995: 6981: 6927: 6859:"Prifysgol Wrecsam/Wrexham University unveils rebrand and new name" 6421:"A bloody field by Shrewsbury and an end to Sir Henry Percy's life" 6092:"Matthew Rhys reveals battle to get a biopic of Owain Glyndŵr made" 5917: 3914: 3650: 3649:, characters believe that Glyndŵr's body was brought from Wales to 3507: 1707:

or Monnington Straddell is the correct location. In 1875, the Rev.

1428: 1393: 1102: 1098: 1066: 1054: 965:(in Spain). In the summer of 1405, four representatives from every 853: 772: 759: 695: 557: 533: 425: 413: 327: 319: 315: 93: 3905:

rampant) was taken from another member of Gwynedd's Royal family,

3519:

by the poet Dafydd Wyn Jones, which he has translated as follows:

416:, only a mound remains after the building was burnt to the ground. 7643: 7493: 5905: 4461: 3718: 1645: 1617: 1581: 1521:

and the English Crown on 24 February 1416, and receiving a royal

1368: 966: 916: 893: 861: 796: 726:(1 April) 1401, 40 of Glyndwr's men who were led by his cousins, 679: 571: 500:

The young Owain ap Gruffydd was possibly fostered at the home of

449: 338: 185: 5737:

Davies, John: "A history of Wales"; p. 154, Penguin Books, 2007.

4775:"Welsh Parliament: The crowning of Owain Glyndwr in Machynlleth" 3864:

An annual award for achievement in the arts and literature, the

3685:

VoR 2-6-2T No.7 "Owain Glyndwr", built at GWR Swindon Works 1923

1671:

Eminent woman of a knightly family, Her children come in pairs,

754:

In June, Glyndŵr scored his first major victory in the field at

524:; their marriage took place 1383 in St Chad's Church, Hanmer in 7421:

The history of the principality of Wales. : In three parts

7068: 6984:, or on one of the estates of his daughters' husbands, such as 6977: 5174: 5150: 5138: 4945: 4850: 3894: 3698: 3541:

The 600th anniversary also saw a new expansion of the old song

3514: 3461: 1522: 1389: 1343: 1317:. They were all to die in the Tower in 1413 and were buried at 1213: 1094: 675: 575: 529: 436: 311: 4757: 4755: 4601: 7053: 5422: 4874: 4862: 4589: 4579: 4577: 4562: 4519: 4473: 4327: 4219: 4126: 3783: 1517:

in 1410. Whilst, Maredudd was recorded as communicating with

1413: 1205: 1114: 525: 307: 303: 276: 98: 7244:

Owain Glyn Dwr: The War of Independence in the Welsh Borders

6288: 6241: 6211: 3597:("Young Wales") movement recreated Glyndŵr as the father of 1624:

without issue. Then, Janet married into the noble family of

1419:

After his disappearance, a legend arose about the folk hero

1204:

By 1405, most French forces had withdrawn after politics in

5689:"Eleanor de Montfort (c. 1258–1282), princess and diplomat" 5641:. Vol. 14. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 205. 5434: 5280:

The mystery of Jack of Kent & the fate of Owain Glyndŵr

5162: 5054: 4752: 4407:

The Fears of Henry IV: The Life of England's Self-Made King

3645:

as Owen Glendower. In the series, which takes place in the

3325:

Owain Glyndŵr arms used as a sign for a hotel at Pale Hall.

1573: 1225: 608: 602:

King Richard was distracted by a growing conflict with the

583: 574:

on 3 September that year. In March 1387, Owain fought as a

458: 7637: 7165:

Davies, John; Jenkins, Nigel; Baines, Menna, eds. (2008).

5932: 5357: 4933: 4714: 4672: 4574: 4485: 4424: 4385: 4302: 4290: 3558:

saw Welshmen become more prominent in English society. In

1640:

Glyndŵr's illegitimate children with other women included

7111:

Owen Glyndwr and the Last Struggle for Welsh Independence

7038:

The Mystery of Jack of Kent and the Fate of Owain Glyndŵr

4625: 4239:"Virtual reality recreates Owain Glyndwr's Sycharth home" 4024: 1628:

in Herefordshire, whose descendants today are titled the

286:

During the year 1400, Owain Glyndŵr, a Welsh soldier and

5410: 3673:"Owen Glendower", East Indiaman, entering Bombay Harbour 3591:

Cruell lawes against Welshmen made by Henrie the ffourth

238: – 20 September 1415), commonly known as 4114: 560:. Then, in 1386, he was called to give evidence at the 322:. He proceeded to summon the first Welsh parliament in 5823:(Revised ed.). J.M. Dent & Sons. p. 74. 5327: 4552: 4550: 3293:, a flag used by Glyndŵr in his independence campaign. 826:

region commanded by Owain Glyndŵr, his senior general

784:

English showing no mercy and hanging some messengers.

7193:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 293–324. 6968:

oral tradition has it that he died and was buried in

6910:"North Wales summon Owain Glyndwr's spirit in revamp" 5645: 3253:, and his wife Catherine, a daughter of Llywelyn II. 1013:, Aberystwyth Castle and Harlech Castle. The current 493:). He may also have been a descendant of the English 469:). Through his father, he was the heir of the former 19:"Owen Glendower" redirects here. For other uses, see 5576: 5256: 4613: 1509:

by Prince Henry, and was arrested and imprisoned in

1197:

Owain Glyndŵr's Privy seal impression (Coat of arms)

7164: 5926: 4726: 4660: 4547: 3850:("Festival of the Flame") are held to celebrate it. 7336:"Glendower, Owen (1359?–1416?), Welsh rebel" 3589:, written in 1594, commented on the topic of the " 1173:Owain Glyndŵr Great Seal impression (On horseback) 618:, "Rare was it there / to see a latch or a lock." 7313:"Owain Glyndwr (c. 1354–1416), 'Prince of Wales'" 6695:"Glyndŵr Day is worthy of a new national holiday" 6042:"Equestrian statue of Owain Glyndwr in Corwen UK" 3813:, it was withdrawn in June 1965. The train was a 1596:. During 1431, she successfully went to court in 1151: 8173: 5303: 5301: 5299: 1392:close to his home, or possibly on his estate in 1266:– "Owain, by the grace of God, Prince of Wales". 1144:. They met the English army just ten miles from 1124:. Simultaneously, the French landed in force at 911:, then continued to ravage the south by burning 900:left the English service to join the rebellion. 7349:. Vol. 21. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 5844:de Usk, Adam; Thompson, Edward Maunde (1904). 5843: 4746:"BBC Wales – History – Themes – Owain Glyndwr" 4536: 4534: 3335:Despite the large bounty placed on him by the 1396:or on the estates of his daughters' husbands: 934: 263:leader, soldier and military commander in the 7623: 7441: 7304:Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy 5981:The Psychology of Distance: Wales: One Nation 5296: 3868:, is named after Glyndŵr. From 2008 to 2023, 3587:A Dialogue of the Present Government of Wales 3179: 1751:, based upon a number of manuscripts held in 1664:Iolo Goch wrote of Glyndŵr's wife, Margaret: 56:Portrait of Owain Glyndŵr from his great seal 16:Leader of a Welsh revolt against English rule 7222: 6725:"Mold Schoolchildren celebrate Owain Gyndwr" 6294: 6247: 6217: 5911: 5613: 5440: 5363: 5180: 5168: 5156: 5144: 5095: 5060: 4951: 4939: 4880: 4868: 4856: 4761: 4720: 4708: 4678: 4654:"BBC Two – Owain Glyndwr: Last Welsh Prince" 4607: 4595: 4583: 4568: 4525: 4491: 4479: 4467: 4430: 4403: 4391: 4333: 4308: 4296: 4225: 4132: 4046: 4030: 3216:, who died in 1337 without issue. Professor 1452:A sketch of Owain Glyndŵr as he appeared to 1285:did not continue to support Glyndŵr's revolt 621: 6741: 5815: 5786: 5784: 5544:. The Owain Glyndwr Society. Archived from 4531: 4447:. Swansea: Christopher Davies. p. 24. 3845: 3836:), the date Glyndŵr raised his standard, a 3512: 3360: 3256: 1185:Glyndŵr's Great Seal impression (On throne) 1018: 714:Monument to Owain Glyndŵr's victory at the 7630: 7616: 7260: 6816:. Glyndŵr University. 2016. Archived from 6760: 6437: 6275: 5984:. Institute of Welsh Affairs. p. 18. 5481: 5479: 5477: 5224: 5222: 5220: 5218: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4508: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4500: 4165: 4163: 4161: 4041: 4039: 3764:(or "Preventative Squadron") chasing down 3752:. She served in the Baltic Sea during the 1293:, a commander during the war, died at the 1002:Owain Glyndŵr's Parliament at Machynlleth. 403: 145: 50: 7199:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205081.003.0012 5606: 5273: 5271: 5107: 4279: 4277: 4159: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4151: 4149: 4147: 4145: 4143: 4141: 4065: 4063: 4061: 4059: 4057: 4055: 3756:where she participated in the seizure of 1620:. Another daughter, Jane, married Henry, 1105:, while the French made a landing on the 1037:In February 1405, Glyndŵr negotiated the 334:, and build an independent Welsh church. 7378: 7167:The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales 7143: 6440:The Raven King (The Raven Cycle, Book 4) 6391: 5977: 5781: 5756: 5754: 5752: 5705: 5582: 5374: 5372: 4442: 4371:. Lavenham: Terence Dalton. p. 51. 4120: 4103: 4101: 4099: 3439:copied some of Glyndŵr's methods in the 1447: 1443: 1327: 1277: 1273: 845:Depiction of Owain Glyndŵr in battle by 840: 709: 407: 364:he acquired a mythical status alongside 7488: 7129:The Royal Families of England, Scotland 7107: 6930:[North Wales Rugby Club 1404]. 6775: 5950: 5625: 5474: 5451: 5449: 5333: 5215: 5195:Welsh soldiers in the Later Middle Ages 5192: 5008:"Glyndwr letter comes home – as a copy" 4684: 4497: 4314: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4036: 3947:Buildings associated with Owain Glyndŵr 3493: 1723:. He took us to Mornington Straddle in 1251:and presented by the heritage minister 1026: 771:; Henry's army wandered North Wales to 738:. In response, King Henry IV appointed 632: 8174: 7469: 7432:A history of the Principality of Wales 7418: 7353: 7310: 7301: 7223:Davies, R. R.; Morgan, Gerald (2009). 7183: 7169:. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. 6856: 5938: 5868: 5651: 5512: 5277: 5268: 5240: 5238: 5116:. Palgrave, London. pp. 108–132. 4824: 4801:"A national parliament at Machynlleth" 4631: 4366: 4284: 4274: 4170: 4138: 4108: 4052: 3396:The Owain Glyndŵr Stone in Machynlleth 1525:in 1421, but dying a few years later. 762:, however, retaliation by Henry IV on 594:), son of John of Gaunt, at the short 384:. Centuries after Glyndwr's death, in 8207:15th-century Welsh military personnel 7721:The Life and Death of King Richard II 7611: 7286: 7241: 7122: 7092: 6366: 6348: 5847:Chronicon Adae de Usk, A.D. 1377–1421 5749: 5560:"SCUDAMORE family, of Herefordshire." 5428: 5416: 5379: 5369: 5262: 4619: 4096: 4090: 3952:Welsh rebellions against English rule 3713:near to his homelands. As well as in 3171: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3157: 3155: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3098: 3096: 3090: 3088: 3086: 3084: 3082: 3080: 3078: 3076: 3074: 3044: 3042: 3040: 3038: 3036: 3034: 3032: 3030: 3002: 3000: 2998: 2996: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2984: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2976: 2970: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2956: 2954: 2948: 2946: 2944: 2942: 2936: 2931: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2923: 2921: 2919: 2917: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2902: 2878: 2876: 2874: 2872: 2850: 2848: 2846: 2844: 2842: 2836: 2834: 2832: 2830: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2815: 2813: 2804: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2791: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2779: 2777: 2775: 2773: 2771: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2749: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2712: 2710: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2686: 2684: 2682: 2680: 2674: 2672: 2670: 2668: 2666: 2660: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2644: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2636: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2624: 2618: 2616: 2614: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2599: 2597: 2590: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2575: 2573: 2571: 2569: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2539: 2533: 2531: 2529: 2527: 2525: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2513: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2477: 2475: 2473: 2471: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2456: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2430: 2428: 2426: 2420: 2418: 2416: 2414: 2412: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2400: 2394: 2392: 2390: 2381: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2366: 2364: 2362: 2360: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2345: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2333: 2331: 2325: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2303: 2301: 2295: 2293: 2291: 2289: 2283: 2281: 2279: 2270: 2268: 2266: 2264: 2262: 2253: 2251: 2249: 2247: 2238: 2236: 2234: 2232: 2226: 2224: 2222: 2220: 2218: 2212: 2210: 2208: 2206: 2204: 2202: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2190: 2188: 2182: 2180: 2178: 2176: 2170: 2168: 2166: 2157: 2155: 2153: 2151: 2149: 2138: 2136: 2134: 2132: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2117: 2111: 2109: 2107: 2105: 2103: 2097: 2095: 2093: 2091: 2089: 2087: 2081: 2079: 2077: 2075: 2073: 2067: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2042: 2040: 2038: 2036: 2034: 2025: 2023: 2021: 2019: 2010: 2008: 2006: 2004: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1990: 1984: 1982: 1980: 1978: 1976: 1974: 1968: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1942: 1940: 1938: 1929: 1927: 1925: 1923: 1921: 1912: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1891: 1885: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1871: 1869: 1867: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1855: 1853: 1851: 1849: 1847: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1835: 1829: 1827: 1825: 1818: 1816: 1814: 1812: 1810: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1797: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1740:for reburial after being discovered. 580:Richard FitzAlan, 4th Earl of Arundel 506:Richard FitzAlan, 3rd Earl of Arundel 412:The site of Owain Glyndŵr's court at 376:as a folk hero - 'The Foretold Son' ( 250: 7498:(106 ed.). pp. 714, 1295. 7450: 7329: 6442:. Scholastic Press. pp. 1–480. 6177:. Glyndŵr University. Archived from 6136:"Owain Glyndŵr Historic Reenactment" 5446: 5229: 4732: 4696: 4666: 4556: 4541: 4513: 4321: 4076: 4070: 3524:Owain, you're our defiance, – Owain, 1554:Margaret, m. Sir Richard Monnington. 7442:Latimer, Jon; Murray, John (2001). 7093:Lloyd, Jacob Youde W. (1881). "6". 7015:Hutchinson's History of the Nations 6980:(close to his home), his estate in 6306: 5485: 5235: 4894:"Pembroke Castle: Information Pack" 4643:Taliesin Williams: Iolo Manuscripts 4347:"Owain Glyndŵr's Court (Iolo Goch)" 1678: 1043:Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland 781:John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset 539: 13: 7412: 7144:Connolly, Sharron Bennett (2021). 6776:Minchin, Rod (16 September 2023). 6677:"New Owain Glyndwr stamp unveiled" 5872:The scholar's history of England . 3897:(similar to the quartered arms of 3477: 1436:, passing himself off as an aging 1264:Owynus Dei Gratia Princeps Walliae 927:. There had been communication to 705: 649: 424:) was born during 1354 (1359?) in 290:had a dispute with a neighbouring 14: 8248: 7511: 5927:Davies, Jenkins & Baines 2008 5246:"Glyndŵr's burial mystery solved" 5098:, pp. 123–124, 127, 133–134. 5026:"Glyndwr letter returns to Wales" 3815:British Railways Standard Class 7 3365:" ("The Foretold Son"). Also, in 7495:Burke's Peerage & Baronetage 7455:. Vol. 1. pp. 205–207. 7379:Williams, Gruffydd Aled (2017). 7346:Dictionary of National Biography 7043: 6920: 6902: 6876: 6850: 6832: 6806: 6788: 6769: 6763:"Celebrting Owain Glyndŵr's day" 6761:Adam Jones (11 September 2015). 6754: 6742:Arron Evans (8 September 2019). 6735: 6717: 6687: 6669: 6647: 6622: 6604: 6578: 6560: 6535: 6510: 6492: 6474: 6456: 6431: 6413: 6385: 6360: 6342: 6322: 6300: 6269: 6253: 6223: 6193: 6167: 6149: 6128: 6110: 6084: 6066: 6048: 6034: 6016: 5998: 5971: 5944: 5887: 5862: 5837: 5809: 5772: 5740: 5731: 5681: 5657: 5638:Dictionary of National Biography 5619: 5588: 5309:"Owain Glyndwr's resting place?" 3678: 3666: 3456:unveiled a statue to Glyndŵr in 3416: 3401: 3389: 3380: 3318: 3298: 3283: 3263: 3235:Dictionary of National Biography 2497:Gruffudd ap Llywelyn ap Iorwerth 1408:in west Herefordshire. The poet 1382: 1245:Bibliothèque nationale de France 1208:shifted towards peace, with the 1190: 1178: 1166: 995: 976: 400:as a king rather than a prince. 218: 8202:15th-century monarchs in Europe 8069:The Famous Victories of Henry V 7225:Owain Glyn Dŵr: Prince of Wales 7030: 7020: 7007: 6991: 5552: 5534: 5506: 5385: 5339: 5186: 5101: 5080: 5066: 5036: 5018: 5000: 4982: 4957: 4903: 4886: 4818: 4793: 4767: 4738: 4646: 4637: 4436: 4410:. Random House. pp. 226–. 4397: 4360: 4339: 4249: 4231: 4201: 4176: 3817:mixed-traffic steam locomotive. 3305:Arms assigned Owain Glyndŵr in 1674:A beautiful nest of chieftains. 1635: 969:in Wales were sent to Harlech. 903:In 1404, Glyndŵr's forces took 21:Owen Glendower (disambiguation) 7584:Hereditary Lord of Glyndyfrdwy 7382:The Last Days of Owain Glyndŵr 7103:, London: T. Richards Printer. 6958: 6949: 6630:"Nuneaton Station: lnwrns3585" 6074:"Owain Glyndŵr statue, Corwen" 6056:"Owain Glyndwr Statue, Corwen" 4445:Owain Glyndŵr: Prince of Wales 3999: 3974: 3530:See our nation's renaissance. 1659: 1152:Letter to Charles VI of France 1: 8222:Missing person cases in Wales 7589: 7558: 7318:Dictionary of Welsh Biography 7311:Pierce, Thomas Jones (1959). 6572:newhistories.group.shef.ac.uk 6482:"Owain Glyndwr Hotel, Corwen" 6464:"Owain Glyndŵr Hotel, Corwen" 5954:Highlights From Welsh History 5694:Dictionary of Welsh Biography 5670:Dictionary of Welsh Biography 5565:Dictionary of Welsh Biography 3967: 3548: 3528:Our steel, and in your stance 1113:and devastating the coast of 767:heard of a Welsh uprising at 232: 86: 7451:Lowe, Walter Bezant (1912). 7190:The Revolt of Owain Glyn Dŵr 6840:"Wrexham Glyndwr University" 6399:. Headline Book Publishing. 5817:Scott-Giles, Charles Wilfrid 5542:"The Society's Achievements" 3657: 3630:A Bloody Field by Shrewsbury 3504:National Eisteddfod of Wales 3206:Llywelyn II, Prince of Wales 1528: 915:. Then, a court was held at 789:penal laws against the Welsh 394:he appears as the character 210:Elen ferch Tomas ap Llywelyn 7: 7531:"The Owain Glyndŵr Society" 7460:The Heart of Northern Wales 7453:The Heart of Northern Wales 7150:. Pen & Sword History. 6748:denbighshirefreepress.co.uk 6438:Stiefvater, Maggie (2015). 6397:A Blood Field by Shrewsbury 6367:Powys, John Cowper (2004). 6028:www.llangollenmuseum.org.uk 5457:"The Fate of Owain Glyndwr" 5122:10.1007/978-1-349-23973-3_6 3925: 3887:Glyndŵr's personal standard 3500:National Assembly for Wales 3423:Equestrian statue in Corwen 1560:(Catrin) (d. 1413), m. (1) 1354:. In the autumn, Glyndŵr's 953:) and held a parliament at 935:Crowning as Prince of Wales 923:was appointed as the Welsh 443:was the hereditary Prince ( 10: 8253: 8197:14th-century Welsh lawyers 8192:1410s missing person cases 8104:The Merry Wives of Windsor 7554:Prince of Wales (titular) 7270:Liverpool University Press 7096:The History of the Princes 7086: 6928:"Rygbi Gogledd Cymru 1404" 3788:Vale of Rheidol locomotive 3184:As well as being a direct 3180:Gwynedd ancestry confusion 1758: 1155: 1030: 938: 658:from Berwyn, friends from 625: 532:of his ancestral lands at 252:[ˈoʊainɡlɨ̞nˈduːr] 171:Catrin ferch Owain Glyndŵr 18: 8134: 8095: 8053: 7958: 7879: 7847:Henry the Fourth, Part II 7820: 7761: 7694: 7687: 7651: 7600:Maredudd ab Owain Glyndŵr 7596: 7581: 7573: 7565: 7552: 7544: 7323:National Library of Wales 7266:Owain Glyndŵr: A Casebook 6592:. Royal Museums Greenwich 6500:"Corwen Glyndwr, country" 6276:Jane Arron (6 May 2013). 6144:Google Drive uploaded PDF 5895:"Pale Hall hotel gallery" 5869:Ramsay, James H. (1892). 5850:. London : H. Frowde 5762:"Banner of Owain Glyndwr" 5699:National Library of Wales 5675:National Library of Wales 5570:National Library of Wales 4911:"Battle of Woodbury Hill" 4367:Allday, D. Helen (1981). 4188:nationalchurchestrust.org 4093:, pp. 7, 43, 51, 97) 3768:, capturing at least two; 3431:Glyndŵr was described by 3330: 3094: 3092: 3068: 3066: 3064: 3062: 3056: 3054: 3052: 3050: 3048: 3028: 3024: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3016: 3014: 3012: 3010: 3008: 2974: 2972: 2952: 2950: 2896: 2894: 2888: 2886: 2884: 2882: 2870: 2866: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2858: 2856: 2840: 2838: 2769: 2767: 2753: 2751: 2739: 2737: 2664: 2662: 2648: 2646: 2634: 2632: 2553: 2551: 2537: 2535: 2523: 2521: 2440: 2438: 2424: 2422: 2410: 2408: 2329: 2327: 2313: 2311: 2299: 2297: 2216: 2214: 2200: 2198: 2186: 2184: 2101: 2099: 2085: 2083: 2071: 2069: 1988: 1986: 1972: 1970: 1958: 1956: 1875: 1873: 1859: 1857: 1845: 1843: 1584:of the Principalities of 1513:, and later taken to the 1249:National Library of Wales 1132:and attempted to capture 1041:with Edmund Mortimer and 730:and Gwilym ap Tudur took 622:Glyndŵr's Welsh rebellion 269:15-year-long Welsh revolt 214: 206: 196: 184: 161:Maredudd ab Owain Glyndŵr 156:Gruffudd ab Owain Glyndŵr 138: 128: 116: 104: 80: 76: 68: 61: 49: 35: 30: 7523:canolfanowainglyndwr.org 7357:Twenty-One Welsh Princes 7302:Panton, Kenneth (2011). 7242:Hodge, Geoffrey (1995). 6942: 6844:timeshighereducation.com 6634:warwickshirerailways.com 6612:"Great Western Archives" 6295:Davies & Morgan 2009 6248:Davies & Morgan 2009 6218:Davies & Morgan 2009 5912:Davies & Morgan 2009 5614:Davies & Morgan 2009 5596:"Owain Glyndwr ancestry" 5513:Plomer, William (1986). 5441:Davies & Morgan 2009 5431:, pp. 252, 257–258. 5364:Davies & Morgan 2009 5181:Davies & Morgan 2009 5169:Davies & Morgan 2009 5157:Davies & Morgan 2009 5145:Davies & Morgan 2009 5096:Davies & Morgan 2009 5061:Davies & Morgan 2009 5044:"Seal of Owain Glyn Dwr" 4952:Davies & Morgan 2009 4940:Davies & Morgan 2009 4881:Davies & Morgan 2009 4869:Davies & Morgan 2009 4857:Davies & Morgan 2009 4762:Davies & Morgan 2009 4721:Davies & Morgan 2009 4711:, pp. 62, 130, 142. 4709:Davies & Morgan 2009 4679:Davies & Morgan 2009 4608:Davies & Morgan 2009 4596:Davies & Morgan 2009 4584:Davies & Morgan 2009 4569:Davies & Morgan 2009 4526:Davies & Morgan 2009 4492:Davies & Morgan 2009 4480:Davies & Morgan 2009 4468:Davies & Morgan 2009 4431:Davies & Morgan 2009 4392:Davies & Morgan 2009 4334:Davies & Morgan 2009 4309:Davies & Morgan 2009 4297:Davies & Morgan 2009 4226:Davies & Morgan 2009 4133:Davies & Morgan 2009 4047:Davies & Morgan 2009 4031:Davies & Morgan 2009 3526:Yours is our allegiance, 3257:Banners and coat of arms 2354:Madog ap Gruffudd Maelor 1319:St Swithin, London Stone 1077:and his brother-in-law ( 929:Louis I, Duke of Orléans 716:Battle of Mynydd Hyddgen 166:Alys ferch Owain Glyndŵr 7788:Henry the Fouth, Part I 7729:King Richard the Second 7419:Burton, Robert (1730). 7295:Oxford University Press 7227:. Ceredigion: Y Lolfa. 6932:rgc1404.clwbrygbi.cymru 6356:. Simon & Schuster. 5978:Williams, Phil (2003). 5951:Roberts, Emrys (2017). 5821:The Romance of Heraldry 5600:ancientwalesstudies.org 5110:"Rebellion and Revenge" 5048:nationalarchives.gov.uk 4915:hwiccianarchaeology.com 3875:University of Cape Town 3840:in Wales, including by 3824:Glyndŵr came second to 3809:, built in 1951 at the 3239:Countess Eleanor of Bar 1473: 959:Welsh laws of Hywel Dda 832:Battle of Stalling Down 596:Battle of Radcot Bridge 404:Early life and marriage 271:with the aim of ending 201:Lord Gruffydd Fychan II 8062:Holinshed's Chronicles 7354:Turvey, Roger (2010). 7108:Bradley, A.G. (1901). 7075:banner/flag of Prince 7071:was modified from the 6884:"UCT Residence System" 5717:journals.library.wales 5193:Chapman, Adam (2015). 4443:Skidmore, Ian (1978). 4261:journals.library.wales 3846: 3704:long-distance footpath 3539: 3513: 3484:independence for Wales 3361: 1745:Gruffydd Aled Williams 1703:stories as to whether 1692: 1676: 1602:John, Earl of Somerset 1547:Janet, m. Sir John De 1463: 1335: 1286: 1268: 1263: 1238:fortified manor houses 1019: 950: 889:Cambridge Universities 849: 847:Arthur Cadwgan Michael 719: 562:High Court of Chivalry 448: 417: 176:Ieuan ab Owain Glyndŵr 7470:Morgan, Owen (1911). 7287:Lloyd, J. E. (1931). 6857:University, Wrexham. 6205:shakespearecomics.com 5278:Gibbon, Alex (2007). 4470:, pp. 29–32, 35. 4404:Ian Mortimer (2013). 3937:Owain Glyndŵr's Court 3521: 3469:In 2023, Welsh actor 3452:, the prime minister 3408:Statue of Glyndŵr at 1819:(Rulers of 1804:(Rulers of 1753:the National Archives 1688: 1666: 1606:Harford Jones-Brydges 1564:(d. 1409), (2) Roger 1451: 1444:Issue and descendants 1331: 1281: 1274:The rebellion falters 1257: 844: 740:Henry Percy (Hotspur) 713: 552:under the command of 411: 7067:counterchanged. The 6427:. 12 November 2021 . 6060:northeastwales.wales 5548:on 20 December 2008. 4805:history.powys.org.uk 4245:. 12 September 2019. 3762:West Africa Squadron 3628:'s 1972 publication 3498:The creation of the 3494:600 year anniversary 3291:Gold dragon of Wales 3229:) and the historian 3202:Llywelyn ap Iorwerth 2608:Llywelyn ap Gruffudd 1648:, and was died near 1295:Battle of Pwll Melyn 1283:Charles VI of France 1053:, including most of 1039:Tripartite Indenture 1033:Tripartite Indenture 1027:Tripartite indenture 812:Charles VI of France 764:Strata Florida Abbey 678:, they continued to 670:against the rule of 640:Baron Grey de Ruthyn 633:Prequel to rebellion 439:family. His father, 8237:15th-century rebels 8182:14th-century births 8081:Thomas of Woodstock 7639:William Shakespeare 7535:owain-glyndwr.wales 7362:Gwasg Carreg Gwalch 7262:Livingston, Michael 7116:G. P. Putnam's Sons 7052:: Quarterly or and 7013:(Illustration from 6970:Monnington Straddle 6800:kelvinjenkins.co.uk 6796:"the Glyndwr Award" 6683:. 29 February 2008. 6616:greatwestern.org.uk 6425:britishheritage.com 6371:. Harry N. Abrams. 6161:owain-glyndwr.wales 6012:. 28 February 2018. 5941:, pp. 115–116. 5914:, p. 137, 145. 5796:owain-glyndwr.wales 5461:owain-glyndwr.wales 5419:, pp. 252–257. 5397:owain-glyndwr.wales 5353:. 28 February 2018. 5183:, pp. 127–128. 5159:, pp. 129–132. 5147:, pp. 127–129. 4954:, pp. 102–104. 4921:on 28 December 2021 4859:, pp. 107–111. 4634:, pp. 418–425. 4354:owain-glyndwr.wales 4213:owain-glyndwr.wales 4011:owain-glyndwr.wales 4007:"Timeline pre 1400" 3771:Owen Glendower, an 3729:in the city centre. 3695:Owain Glyndwr Hotel 3227:Ulster King of Arms 2013:Maredudd ap Bleddyn 1668:The best of wives. 1622:Lord Grey de Ruthin 1576:of Glyndyfrdwy and 801:Battle of Bryn Glas 616:writing of Sycharth 420:Owain ap Gruffydd ( 386:William Shakespeare 288:Lord of Glyndyfrdwy 8217:House of Mathrafal 8159:Suite from Henry V 8151:At the Boar's Head 8124:Falstaff's Wedding 8116:Sir John Oldcastle 7906:Chimes at Midnight 7839:Chimes at Midnight 7780:Chimes at Midnight 7737:Richard the Second 7577:Gruffydd Fychan II 7479:A History of Wales 7399:on 1 December 2017 7306:. Scarecrow Press. 7246:. Logaston Press. 7101:Great Queen Street 7063:armed and langued 6890:on 1 December 2010 6846:. 19 October 2021. 6705:on 2 December 2022 6655:"100 Welsh Heroes" 6350:Powys, John Cowper 6338:. 26 January 1941. 6335:The New York Times 6282:walesartreview.org 6265:. 1998. p. 9. 6231:"Henry IV, Part 1" 6142:. 20 August 2000. 6024:"Glyndwr's Statue" 5875:London: H. Milford 5632:"Davydd III" 5393:"Uprising summary" 5282:. Stroud: Sutton. 5252:. 6 November 2004. 5108:A.D. Carr (1995). 4830:A History of Wales 4610:, pp. 32, 91. 4544:, p. 429-430) 4049:, pp. 11, 13) 3870:Wrexham University 3741:launched a 36-gun 3717:, in the capital, 3543:Marwnad yr Ehedydd 3454:David Lloyd George 3190:Kingdom of Gwynedd 2911:Gruffudd Fychan II 2465:Gruffudd Maelor II 2384:Llywelyn the Great 1464: 1356:Aberystwyth Castle 1336: 1287: 1210:Hundred Years' War 905:Aberystwyth Castle 850: 720: 644:English Parliament 567:Scrope v Grosvenor 546:Berwick-upon-Tweed 512:, as a student in 491:House of Aberffraw 475:House of Mathrafal 441:Gruffydd Fychan II 432:, into a powerful 418: 8227:Monarchs of Powys 8212:Glyndŵr rebellion 8169: 8168: 7954: 7953: 7606: 7605: 7597:Succeeded by 7566:Succeeded by 7492:(1 August 1999). 7446:. pp. 12–13. 7392:978-1-7846-146-38 7279:978-0-85989-884-3 7234:978-1-84771-127-4 7137:Pall Mall, London 6916:. 6 January 2010. 6699:thenational.wales 6665:on 13 April 2014. 6468:historypoints.org 6309:"A Tour of Wales" 6307:Pennant, Thomas. 6098:. 8 November 2023 6078:historypoints.org 5991:978-1-86057-066-7 5964:978-1-78461-482-9 5488:"A tour in Wales" 5486:Pennant, Thomas. 5313:herefordtimes.com 5289:978-0-7509-3320-9 5199:The Boydell Press 5012:walesonline.co.uk 4883:, pp. 91–95. 4871:, pp. 75–77. 4598:, pp. 47–51. 4571:, pp. 43–44. 4528:, pp. 41–42. 4482:, pp. 32–33. 4417:978-1-4070-6633-2 4336:, pp. 18–20. 4228:, pp. 14–16. 4184:"Hanmer St. Chad" 3932:Owain Glyndŵr Day 3857:Dan Llywelyn Hall 3834:Owain Glyndŵr Day 3777:Blackwall frigate 3647:Shenandoah Valley 3643:Maggie Stiefvater 3616:John Cowper Powys 3599:Welsh nationalism 3458:Cardiff City Hall 3410:Cardiff City Hall 3274:Prince of Wales, 3218:John Edward Lloyd 3194:Gruffudd ap Cynan 3177: 3176: 2704:Llywelyn ab Owain 2578:Gruffudd Fychan I 2480:Maredudd ab Owain 2273:Iorwerth Drwyndwn 2241:Gruffudd Maelor I 2126:Madog ap Maredudd 2045:Gruffudd ap Cynan 1900:Bleddyn ap Cynfyn 1767:of Wales; Powys ( 1749:Leominster Priory 1713:Monnington on Wye 1705:Monnington on Wye 1696:St. Matthew's day 1511:Nottingham Castle 1291:Tudur ap Gruffudd 860:, as well as the 777:Franciscan friars 668:15-year rebellion 628:Glyndŵr rebellion 536:and Glyndyfrdwy. 332:laws of Hywel Dda 298:, discriminatory 229:Owain ap Gruffydd 226: 225: 120:21 September 1415 112:(aged 60–61) 108:20 September 1415 84:Owain ap Gruffydd 8244: 7930:The Hollow Crown 7861:Henry IV, Part 2 7855:The Hollow Crown 7822:Henry IV, Part 2 7802:Henry IV, Part 1 7796:The Hollow Crown 7763:Henry IV, Part 1 7745:The Hollow Crown 7692: 7691: 7671:Henry IV, Part 2 7664:Henry IV, Part 1 7632: 7625: 7618: 7609: 7608: 7594: 7591: 7574:Preceded by 7563: 7560: 7545:Preceded by 7542: 7541: 7538: 7526: 7507: 7490:Moseley, Charles 7475: 7456: 7447: 7444:Deception in War 7428: 7408: 7406: 7404: 7395:. Archived from 7375: 7350: 7338: 7326: 7307: 7298: 7283: 7257: 7238: 7219: 7217: 7215: 7180: 7161: 7140: 7134: 7119: 7104: 7080: 7047: 7041: 7034: 7028: 7024: 7018: 7011: 7005: 6995: 6989: 6966:Scudamore family 6962: 6956: 6953: 6936: 6935: 6924: 6918: 6917: 6906: 6900: 6899: 6897: 6895: 6886:. Archived from 6880: 6874: 6873: 6871: 6869: 6854: 6848: 6847: 6836: 6830: 6829: 6827: 6825: 6810: 6804: 6803: 6792: 6786: 6785: 6773: 6767: 6766: 6758: 6752: 6751: 6739: 6733: 6732: 6731:. 18 April 2013. 6721: 6715: 6714: 6712: 6710: 6701:. Archived from 6691: 6685: 6684: 6673: 6667: 6666: 6661:. Archived from 6651: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6640: 6626: 6620: 6619: 6608: 6602: 6601: 6599: 6597: 6582: 6576: 6575: 6574:. 24 April 2011. 6564: 6558: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6539: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6528: 6514: 6508: 6507: 6504:carfreewalks.org 6496: 6490: 6489: 6488:. 20 April 2013. 6478: 6472: 6471: 6460: 6454: 6453: 6435: 6429: 6428: 6417: 6411: 6410: 6389: 6383: 6382: 6364: 6358: 6357: 6346: 6340: 6339: 6326: 6320: 6319: 6304: 6298: 6292: 6286: 6285: 6273: 6267: 6266: 6257: 6251: 6245: 6239: 6238: 6227: 6221: 6215: 6209: 6208: 6197: 6191: 6190: 6188: 6186: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6153: 6147: 6146: 6132: 6126: 6125: 6124:. 16 March 2017. 6114: 6108: 6107: 6105: 6103: 6088: 6082: 6081: 6070: 6064: 6063: 6052: 6046: 6045: 6038: 6032: 6031: 6020: 6014: 6013: 6002: 5996: 5995: 5975: 5969: 5968: 5948: 5942: 5936: 5930: 5924: 5915: 5909: 5903: 5902: 5891: 5885: 5884: 5882: 5880: 5866: 5860: 5859: 5857: 5855: 5841: 5835: 5834: 5813: 5807: 5806: 5804: 5802: 5788: 5779: 5776: 5770: 5769: 5758: 5747: 5744: 5738: 5735: 5729: 5728: 5726: 5724: 5709: 5703: 5702: 5685: 5679: 5678: 5661: 5655: 5649: 5643: 5642: 5634: 5623: 5617: 5610: 5604: 5603: 5592: 5586: 5580: 5574: 5573: 5556: 5550: 5549: 5538: 5532: 5531: 5510: 5504: 5503: 5501: 5499: 5483: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5467: 5453: 5444: 5438: 5432: 5426: 5420: 5414: 5408: 5407: 5405: 5403: 5389: 5383: 5376: 5367: 5361: 5355: 5354: 5343: 5337: 5331: 5325: 5324: 5322: 5320: 5305: 5294: 5293: 5275: 5266: 5260: 5254: 5253: 5242: 5233: 5226: 5213: 5212: 5190: 5184: 5178: 5172: 5166: 5160: 5154: 5148: 5142: 5136: 5135: 5105: 5099: 5093: 5087: 5084: 5078: 5077: 5070: 5064: 5058: 5052: 5051: 5040: 5034: 5033: 5032:. 22 March 2000. 5022: 5016: 5015: 5004: 4998: 4997: 4986: 4980: 4979: 4977: 4975: 4961: 4955: 4949: 4943: 4937: 4931: 4930: 4928: 4926: 4917:. Archived from 4907: 4901: 4900: 4898: 4890: 4884: 4878: 4872: 4866: 4860: 4854: 4848: 4847: 4822: 4816: 4815: 4813: 4811: 4797: 4791: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4771: 4765: 4759: 4750: 4749: 4742: 4736: 4730: 4724: 4718: 4712: 4706: 4700: 4693: 4682: 4676: 4670: 4664: 4658: 4657: 4650: 4644: 4641: 4635: 4629: 4623: 4617: 4611: 4605: 4599: 4593: 4587: 4581: 4572: 4566: 4560: 4554: 4545: 4538: 4529: 4523: 4517: 4510: 4495: 4489: 4483: 4477: 4471: 4465: 4459: 4458: 4440: 4434: 4428: 4422: 4421: 4401: 4395: 4389: 4383: 4382: 4364: 4358: 4357: 4351: 4343: 4337: 4331: 4325: 4318: 4312: 4306: 4300: 4294: 4288: 4281: 4272: 4271: 4269: 4267: 4253: 4247: 4246: 4235: 4229: 4223: 4217: 4216: 4209:"Family details" 4205: 4199: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4180: 4174: 4167: 4136: 4135:, p. 15-16. 4130: 4124: 4118: 4112: 4105: 4094: 4087: 4074: 4067: 4050: 4043: 4034: 4028: 4022: 4021: 4019: 4017: 4003: 3997: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3978: 3849: 3830:100 Welsh Heroes 3682: 3670: 3574:Henry IV, Part I 3568:portrays him as 3561:Henry IV, Part 1 3537: 3536:Dafydd Wyn Jones 3518: 3441:Cuban Revolution 3420: 3405: 3393: 3364: 3322: 3302: 3287: 3267: 3241:, a daughter of 3198:ruler of Gwynedd 2141:Rhys ap Gruffudd 2028:Gruffudd ap Rhys 1782: 1781: 1729:Scudamore family 1717:Kentchurch Court 1679:Death and burial 1438:Franciscan friar 1423:, also known as 1410:Lewys Glyn Cothi 1352:Scudamore family 1253:Alun Ffred Jones 1194: 1182: 1170: 1022: 1015:Parliament House 999: 985:Parliament House 980: 896:and experienced 664:Dean of St Asaph 660:North-East Wales 540:Military service 518:Peasants' Revolt 483:House of Dinefwr 471:Kingdom of Powys 430:North East Wales 391:Henry IV, Part 1 265:late Middle Ages 255:, anglicised as 254: 249: 237: 234: 222: 149: 111: 91: 88: 54: 28: 27: 8252: 8251: 8247: 8246: 8245: 8243: 8242: 8241: 8172: 8171: 8170: 8165: 8130: 8091: 8049: 7950: 7914:Henry the Fifth 7898:An Age of Kings 7875: 7831:An Age of Kings 7816: 7772:An Age of Kings 7757: 7713:An Age of Kings 7705:King Richard II 7683: 7647: 7636: 7602: 7592: 7587: 7579: 7569: 7561: 7556: 7550: 7529: 7517: 7514: 7425:Paternoster Row 7415: 7413:Further reading 7402: 7400: 7393: 7372: 7341:Stephen, Leslie 7280: 7254: 7235: 7213: 7211: 7209: 7177: 7158: 7132: 7099:. Vol. 1. 7089: 7084: 7083: 7048: 7044: 7035: 7031: 7025: 7021: 7012: 7008: 6996: 6992: 6963: 6959: 6954: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6939: 6926: 6925: 6921: 6908: 6907: 6903: 6893: 6891: 6882: 6881: 6877: 6867: 6865: 6855: 6851: 6838: 6837: 6833: 6823: 6821: 6820:on 8 April 2016 6812: 6811: 6807: 6794: 6793: 6789: 6782:The Independent 6774: 6770: 6759: 6755: 6740: 6736: 6729:dailypost.co.uk 6723: 6722: 6718: 6708: 6706: 6693: 6692: 6688: 6675: 6674: 6670: 6653: 6652: 6648: 6638: 6636: 6628: 6627: 6623: 6610: 6609: 6605: 6595: 6593: 6590:The Collections 6584: 6583: 6579: 6566: 6565: 6561: 6551: 6549: 6547:greatpubs.co.uk 6543:"Owain Glyndwr" 6541: 6540: 6536: 6526: 6524: 6516: 6515: 6511: 6506:. 27 June 2011. 6498: 6497: 6493: 6486:dailypost.co.uk 6480: 6479: 6475: 6462: 6461: 6457: 6450: 6436: 6432: 6419: 6418: 6414: 6407: 6393:Parteger, Edith 6390: 6386: 6379: 6365: 6361: 6347: 6343: 6328: 6327: 6323: 6305: 6301: 6293: 6289: 6274: 6270: 6259: 6258: 6254: 6246: 6242: 6229: 6228: 6224: 6216: 6212: 6199: 6198: 6194: 6184: 6182: 6181:on 9 April 2016 6175:"Owain Glyndŵr" 6173: 6172: 6168: 6155: 6154: 6150: 6140:This Week Wales 6134: 6133: 6129: 6116: 6115: 6111: 6101: 6099: 6090: 6089: 6085: 6072: 6071: 6067: 6054: 6053: 6049: 6044:. 6 April 2016. 6040: 6039: 6035: 6022: 6021: 6017: 6010:counterfire.org 6004: 6003: 5999: 5992: 5976: 5972: 5965: 5949: 5945: 5937: 5933: 5925: 5918: 5910: 5906: 5901:. 21 July 2016. 5899:palehall. co.uk 5893: 5892: 5888: 5878: 5876: 5867: 5863: 5853: 5851: 5842: 5838: 5831: 5814: 5810: 5800: 5798: 5792:"Owain Lawgoch" 5790: 5789: 5782: 5777: 5773: 5760: 5759: 5750: 5745: 5741: 5736: 5732: 5722: 5720: 5711: 5710: 5706: 5687: 5686: 5682: 5663: 5662: 5658: 5650: 5646: 5627:Stephen, Leslie 5624: 5620: 5611: 5607: 5594: 5593: 5589: 5581: 5577: 5558: 5557: 5553: 5540: 5539: 5535: 5525: 5517:. D.R. Godine. 5511: 5507: 5497: 5495: 5484: 5475: 5465: 5463: 5455: 5454: 5447: 5439: 5435: 5427: 5423: 5415: 5411: 5401: 5399: 5391: 5390: 5386: 5377: 5370: 5362: 5358: 5351:counterfire.org 5345: 5344: 5340: 5332: 5328: 5318: 5316: 5307: 5306: 5297: 5290: 5276: 5269: 5261: 5257: 5244: 5243: 5236: 5227: 5216: 5209: 5191: 5187: 5179: 5175: 5167: 5163: 5155: 5151: 5143: 5139: 5132: 5106: 5102: 5094: 5090: 5085: 5081: 5072: 5071: 5067: 5059: 5055: 5042: 5041: 5037: 5024: 5023: 5019: 5014:. 2 April 2013. 5006: 5005: 5001: 4990:"Pennal letter" 4988: 4987: 4983: 4973: 4971: 4969:castlewales.com 4965:"Owain Glyndwr" 4963: 4962: 4958: 4950: 4946: 4938: 4934: 4924: 4922: 4909: 4908: 4904: 4896: 4892: 4891: 4887: 4879: 4875: 4867: 4863: 4855: 4851: 4844: 4836:. p. 195. 4823: 4819: 4809: 4807: 4799: 4798: 4794: 4784: 4782: 4773: 4772: 4768: 4760: 4753: 4744: 4743: 4739: 4731: 4727: 4719: 4715: 4707: 4703: 4694: 4685: 4677: 4673: 4665: 4661: 4652: 4651: 4647: 4642: 4638: 4630: 4626: 4618: 4614: 4606: 4602: 4594: 4590: 4582: 4575: 4567: 4563: 4555: 4548: 4539: 4532: 4524: 4520: 4511: 4498: 4490: 4486: 4478: 4474: 4466: 4462: 4455: 4441: 4437: 4429: 4425: 4418: 4402: 4398: 4390: 4386: 4379: 4365: 4361: 4349: 4345: 4344: 4340: 4332: 4328: 4319: 4315: 4307: 4303: 4295: 4291: 4282: 4275: 4265: 4263: 4255: 4254: 4250: 4237: 4236: 4232: 4224: 4220: 4207: 4206: 4202: 4192: 4190: 4182: 4181: 4177: 4168: 4139: 4131: 4127: 4119: 4115: 4106: 4097: 4088: 4077: 4068: 4053: 4044: 4037: 4029: 4025: 4015: 4013: 4005: 4004: 4000: 3990: 3988: 3982:"Owain Glyndwr" 3980: 3979: 3975: 3970: 3928: 3919:Prince of Wales 3690: 3689: 3688: 3687: 3686: 3683: 3675: 3674: 3671: 3660: 3639:The Raven Cycle 3551: 3538: 3535: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3496: 3488:Meibion Glyndŵr 3480: 3478:Meibion Glyndwr 3450:First World War 3428: 3427: 3426: 3425: 3424: 3421: 3413: 3412: 3406: 3398: 3397: 3394: 3383: 3353:Cynon ap Clydno 3333: 3326: 3323: 3314: 3307:A Tour in Wales 3303: 3294: 3288: 3279: 3268: 3259: 3182: 3146: 2914: 2810: 2795: 2707: 2692: 2611: 2594: 2581: 2500: 2483: 2468: 2387: 2370: 2357: 2276: 2259: 2244: 2163: 2146: 2143: 2129: 2048: 2031: 2016: 1935: 1918: 1903: 1775:) and Gwynedd ( 1771:), Deheubarth ( 1761: 1738:Carmarthenshire 1709:Francis Kilvert 1681: 1662: 1638: 1562:Edmund Mortimer 1531: 1515:Tower of London 1476: 1468:Margaret Hanmer 1459:Visionary Heads 1446: 1385: 1315:Tower of London 1276: 1230:traditional law 1202: 1201: 1200: 1199: 1198: 1195: 1187: 1186: 1183: 1175: 1174: 1171: 1160: 1154: 1134:Pembroke Castle 1083:Kidwelly Castle 1035: 1029: 1007: 1006: 1005: 1004: 1003: 1000: 992: 991: 981: 963:Kingdom of León 943: 941:Prince of Wales 937: 824:Rhondda Valleys 793:Edmund Mortimer 708: 706:Welsh rebellion 652: 650:Initial revolts 635: 630: 624: 604:Lords Appellant 542: 522:Margaret Hanmer 406: 370:Cynon ap Clydno 281:Prince of Wales 247: 235: 180: 143: 142: 133:Margaret Hanmer 124: 121: 109: 97: 92: 89: 85: 63:Prince of Wales 57: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8250: 8240: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8167: 8166: 8164: 8163: 8155: 8147: 8138: 8136: 8132: 8131: 8129: 8128: 8120: 8112: 8099: 8097: 8093: 8092: 8090: 8089: 8077: 8065: 8057: 8055: 8051: 8050: 8048: 8047: 8045:Robert Shallow 8042: 8037: 8032: 8027: 8026: 8025: 8023:Owen Glendower 8015: 8014: 8013: 8003: 7998: 7993: 7988: 7986:Doll Tearsheet 7983: 7978: 7973: 7968: 7966:Ancient Pistol 7962: 7960: 7956: 7955: 7952: 7951: 7949: 7948: 7940: 7926: 7918: 7910: 7902: 7894: 7885: 7883: 7877: 7876: 7874: 7873: 7865: 7851: 7843: 7835: 7826: 7824: 7818: 7817: 7815: 7814: 7806: 7792: 7784: 7776: 7767: 7765: 7759: 7758: 7756: 7755: 7741: 7733: 7725: 7717: 7709: 7700: 7698: 7689: 7685: 7684: 7682: 7681: 7674: 7667: 7660: 7652: 7649: 7648: 7635: 7634: 7627: 7620: 7612: 7604: 7603: 7598: 7595: 7580: 7575: 7571: 7570: 7567: 7564: 7551: 7546: 7540: 7539: 7527: 7513: 7512:External links 7510: 7509: 7508: 7486: 7467: 7448: 7439: 7414: 7411: 7410: 7409: 7391: 7376: 7370: 7351: 7327: 7308: 7299: 7290:Owen Glendower 7284: 7278: 7264:, ed. (2013). 7258: 7252: 7239: 7233: 7220: 7208:978-0198205081 7207: 7181: 7176:978-0708319536 7175: 7162: 7156: 7141: 7124:Burke, Bernard 7120: 7105: 7088: 7085: 7082: 7081: 7042: 7029: 7019: 7006: 6990: 6957: 6947: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6938: 6937: 6919: 6901: 6875: 6849: 6831: 6805: 6787: 6768: 6753: 6734: 6716: 6686: 6668: 6659:100welshheroes 6646: 6621: 6603: 6577: 6559: 6534: 6509: 6491: 6473: 6455: 6449:978-0545424981 6448: 6430: 6412: 6405: 6384: 6377: 6369:Owen Glendower 6359: 6354:Owen Glendower 6341: 6321: 6299: 6297:, p. 137. 6287: 6268: 6252: 6250:, p. 142. 6240: 6235:sparknotes.com 6222: 6220:, p. 146. 6210: 6192: 6166: 6157:"The Monument" 6148: 6127: 6109: 6083: 6065: 6047: 6033: 6015: 5997: 5990: 5970: 5963: 5943: 5931: 5929:, p. 635. 5916: 5904: 5886: 5861: 5836: 5829: 5808: 5780: 5771: 5748: 5739: 5730: 5704: 5680: 5656: 5644: 5629:, ed. (1888). 5618: 5605: 5587: 5575: 5551: 5533: 5523: 5505: 5492:hdl.handle.net 5473: 5445: 5443:, p. 133. 5433: 5421: 5409: 5384: 5382:, p. 252) 5368: 5356: 5338: 5336:, p. 280. 5326: 5295: 5288: 5267: 5265:, p. 257. 5255: 5250:news.bbc.co.uk 5234: 5232:, p. 434) 5214: 5208:978-1783270316 5207: 5197:. Woodbridge: 5185: 5173: 5171:, p. 135. 5161: 5149: 5137: 5130: 5100: 5088: 5079: 5065: 5063:, p. 101. 5053: 5035: 5017: 4999: 4981: 4956: 4944: 4932: 4902: 4885: 4873: 4861: 4849: 4842: 4817: 4792: 4781:. 13 June 2017 4766: 4764:, p. 104. 4751: 4737: 4735:, p. 432. 4725: 4713: 4701: 4699:, p. 433) 4683: 4671: 4669:, p. 431. 4659: 4645: 4636: 4624: 4622:, p. 250. 4612: 4600: 4588: 4573: 4561: 4559:, p. 430. 4546: 4530: 4518: 4516:, p. 429) 4496: 4484: 4472: 4460: 4453: 4435: 4423: 4416: 4396: 4384: 4377: 4359: 4338: 4326: 4324:, p. 428) 4313: 4301: 4289: 4273: 4248: 4230: 4218: 4200: 4175: 4137: 4125: 4123:, p. 205. 4113: 4111:, p. 173) 4095: 4075: 4073:, p. 427) 4051: 4035: 4023: 3998: 3972: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3965: 3964: 3959: 3957:Welsh heraldry 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3927: 3924: 3923: 3922: 3911: 3910: 3883: 3882: 3861: 3860: 3852: 3851: 3838:public holiday 3821: 3820: 3819: 3818: 3803:Owen Glendower 3799: 3780: 3779:built in 1839; 3769: 3749:Owen Glendower 3731: 3730: 3727:St John Street 3724: 3684: 3677: 3676: 3672: 3665: 3664: 3663: 3662: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3655: 3654: 3634: 3633: 3626:Edith Pargeter 3621:Owen Glendower 3612:Tours in Wales 3608:Thomas Pennant 3603: 3602: 3585:, in his book 3578: 3577: 3570:Owen Glendower 3550: 3547: 3533: 3522: 3495: 3492: 3479: 3476: 3475: 3474: 3466: 3465: 3445: 3444: 3422: 3415: 3414: 3407: 3400: 3399: 3395: 3388: 3387: 3386: 3385: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3367:Welsh folklore 3332: 3329: 3328: 3327: 3324: 3317: 3315: 3311:Thomas Pennant 3304: 3297: 3295: 3289: 3282: 3280: 3269: 3262: 3258: 3255: 3181: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3154: 3152: 3150: 3148: 3147:c. 1354 – 1415 3141: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3122: 3121: 3119: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3111: 3109: 3107: 3105: 3103: 3101: 3099: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3085: 3083: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3075: 3072: 3071: 3069: 3067: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3059: 3057: 3055: 3053: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3039: 3037: 3035: 3033: 3031: 3029: 3027: 3025: 3023: 3021: 3019: 3017: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3009: 3007: 3005: 3003: 3001: 2999: 2997: 2994: 2992: 2991: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2979: 2977: 2975: 2973: 2971: 2969: 2967: 2965: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2940: 2938: 2937: 2935: 2930: 2928: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2918: 2916: 2915:c. 1330 - 1369 2907: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2893: 2891: 2889: 2887: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2879: 2877: 2875: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2867: 2865: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2853: 2851: 2849: 2847: 2845: 2843: 2841: 2839: 2837: 2835: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2825: 2820: 2818: 2816: 2814: 2812: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2797: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2781: 2780: 2778: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2740: 2738: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2727: 2725: 2724: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2700: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2693:c. 1275 – 1304 2685: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2675: 2673: 2671: 2669: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2643: 2641: 2639: 2637: 2635: 2633: 2631: 2629: 2627: 2625: 2622: 2620: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2598: 2596: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2583: 2574: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2564: 2562: 2560: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2509: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2502: 2493: 2491: 2489: 2487: 2485: 2476: 2474: 2472: 2470: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2451: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2437: 2435: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2427: 2425: 2423: 2421: 2419: 2417: 2415: 2413: 2411: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2395: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2380: 2378: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2365: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2340: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2328: 2326: 2324: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2312: 2310: 2308: 2306: 2304: 2302: 2300: 2298: 2296: 2294: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2284: 2282: 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1868: 1866: 1864: 1862: 1860: 1858: 1856: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1848: 1846: 1844: 1842: 1840: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1830: 1828: 1826: 1824: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1811: 1809: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1796: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1760: 1757: 1743:The historian 1700:Thomas Pennant 1680: 1677: 1661: 1658: 1637: 1634: 1630:Croft Baronets 1580:, and heiress 1570: 1569: 1555: 1552: 1545: 1542: 1539:John Scudamore 1530: 1527: 1503:died in battle 1499: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1491:alive in 1417. 1486: 1483: 1475: 1472: 1466:Owain married 1445: 1442: 1384: 1381: 1373:John Oldcastle 1333:Harlech Castle 1307:Harlech Castle 1275: 1272: 1196: 1189: 1188: 1184: 1177: 1176: 1172: 1165: 1164: 1163: 1162: 1161: 1156:Main article: 1153: 1150: 1138:Worcestershire 1091:Llŷn Peninsula 1075:Gruffydd Yonge 1040: 1028: 1025: 1011:Castell y Bere 1001: 994: 993: 982: 975: 974: 973: 972: 971: 936: 933: 921:Gruffydd Young 913:Cardiff Castle 909:Harlech Castle 775:and drove out 756:Mynydd Hyddgen 707: 704: 651: 648: 634: 631: 626:Main article: 623: 620: 541: 538: 423: 405: 402: 397:Owen Glendower 382:Y Mab Darogan) 257:Owen Glendower 224: 223: 216: 212: 211: 208: 204: 203: 198: 194: 193: 188: 182: 181: 179: 178: 173: 168: 163: 158: 152: 150: 136: 135: 130: 126: 125: 122: 118: 114: 113: 106: 102: 101: 82: 78: 77: 74: 73: 70: 66: 65: 59: 58: 55: 47: 46: 33: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8249: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8232:Welsh princes 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8179: 8177: 8161: 8160: 8156: 8153: 8152: 8148: 8145: 8144: 8140: 8139: 8137: 8135:Related music 8133: 8126: 8125: 8121: 8118: 8117: 8113: 8110: 8106: 8105: 8101: 8100: 8098: 8096:Related plays 8094: 8087: 8083: 8082: 8078: 8075: 8071: 8070: 8066: 8064: 8063: 8059: 8058: 8056: 8052: 8046: 8043: 8041: 8038: 8036: 8033: 8031: 8028: 8024: 8021: 8020: 8019: 8018:Owain Glyndŵr 8016: 8012: 8009: 8008: 8007: 8004: 8002: 7999: 7997: 7994: 7992: 7989: 7987: 7984: 7982: 7979: 7977: 7974: 7972: 7969: 7967: 7964: 7963: 7961: 7957: 7946: 7945: 7941: 7938: 7937: 7932: 7931: 7927: 7924: 7923: 7919: 7916: 7915: 7911: 7908: 7907: 7903: 7900: 7899: 7895: 7892: 7891: 7887: 7886: 7884: 7882: 7878: 7871: 7870: 7866: 7863: 7862: 7857: 7856: 7852: 7849: 7848: 7844: 7841: 7840: 7836: 7833: 7832: 7828: 7827: 7825: 7823: 7819: 7812: 7811: 7807: 7804: 7803: 7798: 7797: 7793: 7790: 7789: 7785: 7782: 7781: 7777: 7774: 7773: 7769: 7768: 7766: 7764: 7760: 7753: 7752: 7747: 7746: 7742: 7739: 7738: 7734: 7731: 7730: 7726: 7723: 7722: 7718: 7715: 7714: 7710: 7707: 7706: 7702: 7701: 7699: 7697: 7693: 7690: 7686: 7680: 7679: 7675: 7673: 7672: 7668: 7666: 7665: 7661: 7659: 7658: 7654: 7653: 7650: 7646: 7645: 7640: 7633: 7628: 7626: 7621: 7619: 7614: 7613: 7610: 7601: 7586: 7585: 7578: 7572: 7555: 7549: 7548:Owain Lawgoch 7543: 7536: 7532: 7528: 7524: 7520: 7516: 7515: 7505: 7501: 7497: 7496: 7491: 7487: 7485: 7481: 7480: 7473: 7468: 7466: 7463:, p. 205, at 7462: 7461: 7454: 7449: 7445: 7440: 7438: 7434: 7433: 7426: 7422: 7417: 7416: 7398: 7394: 7388: 7384: 7383: 7377: 7373: 7371:9781845272692 7367: 7363: 7359: 7358: 7352: 7348: 7347: 7342: 7337: 7332: 7328: 7324: 7320: 7319: 7314: 7309: 7305: 7300: 7296: 7292: 7291: 7285: 7281: 7275: 7271: 7267: 7263: 7259: 7255: 7253:1-873827-24-5 7249: 7245: 7240: 7236: 7230: 7226: 7221: 7210: 7204: 7200: 7196: 7192: 7191: 7186: 7185:Davies, R. R. 7182: 7178: 7172: 7168: 7163: 7159: 7157:9781526745323 7153: 7149: 7148: 7142: 7138: 7131: 7130: 7125: 7121: 7117: 7113: 7112: 7106: 7102: 7098: 7097: 7091: 7090: 7078: 7074: 7070: 7066: 7062: 7059: 7055: 7051: 7046: 7039: 7033: 7023: 7016: 7010: 7003: 6999: 6998:Iolo Morganwg 6994: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6975: 6974:Herefordshire 6971: 6967: 6961: 6952: 6948: 6933: 6929: 6923: 6915: 6911: 6905: 6889: 6885: 6879: 6864: 6863:wrexham.ac.uk 6860: 6853: 6845: 6841: 6835: 6819: 6815: 6809: 6801: 6797: 6791: 6783: 6779: 6772: 6764: 6757: 6749: 6745: 6738: 6730: 6726: 6720: 6704: 6700: 6696: 6690: 6682: 6678: 6672: 6664: 6660: 6656: 6650: 6635: 6631: 6625: 6617: 6613: 6607: 6591: 6587: 6581: 6573: 6569: 6563: 6548: 6544: 6538: 6523: 6519: 6513: 6505: 6501: 6495: 6487: 6483: 6477: 6469: 6465: 6459: 6451: 6445: 6441: 6434: 6426: 6422: 6416: 6408: 6402: 6398: 6394: 6388: 6380: 6374: 6370: 6363: 6355: 6351: 6345: 6337: 6336: 6331: 6325: 6318: 6314: 6313:library.wales 6310: 6303: 6296: 6291: 6283: 6279: 6272: 6264: 6263: 6256: 6249: 6244: 6236: 6232: 6226: 6219: 6214: 6206: 6202: 6196: 6180: 6176: 6170: 6162: 6158: 6152: 6145: 6141: 6137: 6131: 6123: 6119: 6113: 6097: 6093: 6087: 6079: 6075: 6069: 6061: 6057: 6051: 6043: 6037: 6029: 6025: 6019: 6011: 6007: 6001: 5993: 5987: 5983: 5982: 5974: 5966: 5960: 5956: 5955: 5947: 5940: 5935: 5928: 5923: 5921: 5913: 5908: 5900: 5896: 5890: 5874: 5873: 5865: 5849: 5848: 5840: 5832: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5812: 5797: 5793: 5787: 5785: 5775: 5767: 5763: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5743: 5734: 5719:. p. 138 5718: 5714: 5708: 5700: 5696: 5695: 5690: 5684: 5676: 5672: 5671: 5666: 5660: 5654:, p. 13. 5653: 5648: 5640: 5639: 5633: 5628: 5622: 5616:, p. 12) 5615: 5609: 5601: 5597: 5591: 5584: 5583:Williams 2017 5579: 5571: 5567: 5566: 5561: 5555: 5547: 5543: 5537: 5530: 5526: 5520: 5516: 5509: 5494:. p. 393 5493: 5489: 5482: 5480: 5478: 5462: 5458: 5452: 5450: 5442: 5437: 5430: 5425: 5418: 5413: 5398: 5394: 5388: 5381: 5375: 5373: 5366:, p. 13. 5365: 5360: 5352: 5348: 5342: 5335: 5330: 5315:. 14 May 2011 5314: 5310: 5304: 5302: 5300: 5291: 5285: 5281: 5274: 5272: 5264: 5259: 5251: 5247: 5241: 5239: 5231: 5225: 5223: 5221: 5219: 5210: 5204: 5200: 5196: 5189: 5182: 5177: 5170: 5165: 5158: 5153: 5146: 5141: 5133: 5131:9781349239733 5127: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5104: 5097: 5092: 5083: 5075: 5069: 5062: 5057: 5049: 5045: 5039: 5031: 5027: 5021: 5013: 5009: 5003: 4995: 4994:library.wales 4991: 4985: 4970: 4966: 4960: 4953: 4948: 4942:, p. 95. 4941: 4936: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4906: 4895: 4889: 4882: 4877: 4870: 4865: 4858: 4853: 4845: 4843:0-14-014581-8 4839: 4835: 4834:Penguin Books 4831: 4827: 4821: 4806: 4802: 4796: 4780: 4776: 4770: 4763: 4758: 4756: 4747: 4741: 4734: 4729: 4723:, p. 84. 4722: 4717: 4710: 4705: 4698: 4692: 4690: 4688: 4681:, p. 82. 4680: 4675: 4668: 4663: 4655: 4649: 4640: 4633: 4628: 4621: 4616: 4609: 4604: 4597: 4592: 4586:, p. 37. 4585: 4580: 4578: 4570: 4565: 4558: 4553: 4551: 4543: 4537: 4535: 4527: 4522: 4515: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4503: 4501: 4494:, p. 43. 4493: 4488: 4481: 4476: 4469: 4464: 4456: 4450: 4446: 4439: 4433:, p. 34. 4432: 4427: 4419: 4413: 4409: 4408: 4400: 4394:, p. 32. 4393: 4388: 4380: 4378:0-86138-001-0 4374: 4370: 4363: 4355: 4348: 4342: 4335: 4330: 4323: 4317: 4311:, p. 20. 4310: 4305: 4299:, p. 18. 4298: 4293: 4286: 4280: 4278: 4262: 4258: 4252: 4244: 4240: 4234: 4227: 4222: 4214: 4210: 4204: 4189: 4185: 4179: 4172: 4166: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4158: 4156: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4134: 4129: 4122: 4121:Connolly 2021 4117: 4110: 4104: 4102: 4100: 4092: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4080: 4072: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4048: 4042: 4040: 4033:, p. 14. 4032: 4027: 4012: 4008: 4002: 3987: 3983: 3977: 3973: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3943: 3942:Glyndŵr Award 3940: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3930: 3929: 3920: 3916: 3913: 3912: 3908: 3907:Owain Lawgoch 3904: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3880: 3876: 3871: 3867: 3866:Glyndŵr Award 3863: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3842:Dafydd Wigley 3839: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3826:Aneurin Bevan 3823: 3822: 3816: 3812: 3808: 3807:Owain Glyndŵr 3804: 3800: 3797: 3794:until it was 3793: 3789: 3785: 3781: 3778: 3774: 3773:East Indiaman 3770: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3750: 3744: 3740: 3737:In 1808, the 3736: 3735: 3733: 3732: 3728: 3723:Owain Glyndwr 3722: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3709:runs through 3708: 3707:Glyndŵr's Way 3705: 3700: 3696: 3692: 3691: 3681: 3669: 3652: 3648: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3622: 3617: 3613: 3609: 3605: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3562: 3557: 3556:Tudor dynasty 3553: 3552: 3546: 3544: 3531: 3520: 3517: 3516: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3491: 3489: 3485: 3472: 3468: 3467: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3430: 3429: 3419: 3411: 3404: 3392: 3381:Modern legacy 3378: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3363: 3362:Y Mab Darogan 3358: 3354: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3341:Welsh culture 3338: 3337:English crown 3321: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3301: 3296: 3292: 3286: 3281: 3277: 3276:Owain Lawgoch 3273: 3266: 3261: 3260: 3254: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3243:King Edward I 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3223:Bernard Burke 3219: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3174: 3145: 3144:Owain Glyndŵr 3125: 3123: 3073: 3070: 3060: 3058: 3047: 3026: 3006: 3004: 2995: 2993: 2941: 2939: 2934: 2913: 2912: 2901: 2898: 2892: 2890: 2881: 2868: 2854: 2852: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2809: 2808: 2794: 2784: 2782: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2722: 2706: 2705: 2691: 2690: 2679: 2677: 2623: 2621: 2610: 2609: 2593: 2580: 2579: 2568: 2566: 2512: 2510: 2499: 2498: 2482: 2481: 2467: 2466: 2455: 2453: 2399: 2397: 2386: 2385: 2369: 2356: 2355: 2344: 2342: 2288: 2286: 2275: 2274: 2258: 2257: 2243: 2242: 2231: 2229: 2175: 2173: 2162: 2161: 2160:Owain Gwynedd 2145: 2142: 2128: 2127: 2116: 2114: 2060: 2058: 2047: 2046: 2030: 2029: 2015: 2014: 2003: 2001: 1947: 1945: 1934: 1933: 1932:Cynan ab Iago 1917: 1916: 1902: 1901: 1890: 1888: 1834: 1832: 1822: 1807: 1794: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1756: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1741: 1739: 1735: 1734:Golden Valley 1730: 1726: 1725:Herefordshire 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1701: 1697: 1691: 1687: 1685: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1665: 1657: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1633: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1536: 1533: 1532: 1526: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1477: 1471: 1469: 1461: 1460: 1455: 1454:William Blake 1450: 1441: 1439: 1435: 1430: 1427:– the family 1426: 1422: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1402:Herefordshire 1399: 1395: 1391: 1383:Disappearance 1380: 1376: 1374: 1370: 1366: 1365:Herefordshire 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1302: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1284: 1280: 1271: 1267: 1265: 1261: 1256: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1218:Benedict XIII 1215: 1211: 1207: 1193: 1181: 1169: 1159: 1158:Pennal Letter 1149: 1147: 1143: 1142:Woodbury Hill 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1126:Milford Haven 1123: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1107:Isle of Wight 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1063:Herefordshire 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1038: 1034: 1024: 1021: 1016: 1012: 998: 990: 986: 979: 970: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 951:Tywysog Cymru 948: 942: 932: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 910: 906: 901: 899: 895: 890: 886: 881: 879: 875: 871: 868:and parts of 867: 863: 859: 855: 848: 843: 839: 837: 833: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 808: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 785: 782: 778: 774: 770: 765: 761: 757: 752: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 728:Rhys ap Tudur 725: 717: 712: 703: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 657: 647: 645: 641: 629: 619: 617: 613: 610: 605: 600: 597: 593: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 568: 563: 559: 555: 554:John of Gaunt 551: 547: 537: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 510:Inns of Court 507: 503: 498: 496: 495:King Edward I 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 452: 451: 446: 442: 438: 435: 431: 427: 422:Owain Glyndŵr 421: 415: 410: 401: 399: 398: 393: 392: 387: 383: 379: 375: 371: 367: 363: 362:Welsh culture 358: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 335: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 284: 282: 278: 274: 270: 266: 262: 258: 253: 245: 241: 240:Owain Glyndŵr 230: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 202: 199: 195: 192: 189: 187: 183: 177: 174: 172: 169: 167: 164: 162: 159: 157: 154: 153: 151: 148: 147: 141: 137: 134: 131: 127: 119: 115: 107: 103: 100: 95: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 64: 60: 53: 48: 45: 44: 40: 34: 31:Owain Glyndŵr 29: 26: 22: 8187:1410s deaths 8157: 8149: 8141: 8122: 8114: 8108: 8102: 8085: 8079: 8073: 8067: 8060: 8035:Nell Quickly 8017: 7981:Corporal Nym 7942: 7934: 7928: 7920: 7912: 7904: 7896: 7888: 7880: 7867: 7859: 7853: 7845: 7837: 7829: 7821: 7808: 7800: 7794: 7786: 7778: 7770: 7762: 7749: 7743: 7735: 7727: 7719: 7711: 7703: 7695: 7676: 7669: 7662: 7655: 7642: 7582: 7553: 7534: 7522: 7494: 7484:Google Books 7477: 7471: 7465:Google Books 7458: 7452: 7443: 7437:Google Books 7430: 7420: 7401:. Retrieved 7397:the original 7381: 7356: 7344: 7316: 7303: 7289: 7265: 7243: 7224: 7212:. Retrieved 7189: 7166: 7146: 7128: 7110: 7095: 7050:Coat of Arms 7045: 7037: 7036:In his book 7032: 7022: 7014: 7009: 6993: 6960: 6951: 6931: 6922: 6913: 6904: 6892:. Retrieved 6888:the original 6878: 6866:. Retrieved 6862: 6852: 6843: 6834: 6822:. Retrieved 6818:the original 6808: 6799: 6790: 6781: 6771: 6756: 6747: 6737: 6728: 6719: 6707:. Retrieved 6703:the original 6698: 6689: 6680: 6671: 6663:the original 6658: 6649: 6637:. Retrieved 6633: 6624: 6615: 6606: 6594:. Retrieved 6589: 6580: 6571: 6562: 6550:. Retrieved 6546: 6537: 6525:. Retrieved 6521: 6512: 6503: 6494: 6485: 6476: 6467: 6458: 6439: 6433: 6424: 6415: 6396: 6387: 6368: 6362: 6353: 6344: 6333: 6324: 6317:1810 edition 6316: 6312: 6302: 6290: 6281: 6271: 6261: 6255: 6243: 6234: 6225: 6213: 6204: 6195: 6183:. Retrieved 6179:the original 6169: 6160: 6151: 6143: 6139: 6130: 6121: 6112: 6100:. Retrieved 6096:nation.cymru 6095: 6086: 6077: 6068: 6059: 6050: 6036: 6027: 6018: 6009: 6000: 5980: 5973: 5953: 5946: 5934: 5907: 5898: 5889: 5877:. Retrieved 5871: 5864: 5852:. Retrieved 5846: 5839: 5820: 5811: 5801:16 September 5799:. Retrieved 5795: 5774: 5765: 5742: 5733: 5721:. Retrieved 5716: 5707: 5692: 5683: 5668: 5659: 5647: 5636: 5621: 5608: 5599: 5590: 5578: 5563: 5554: 5546:the original 5536: 5529:6 April 1875 5528: 5514: 5508: 5496:. Retrieved 5491: 5464:. Retrieved 5460: 5436: 5424: 5412: 5400:. Retrieved 5396: 5387: 5359: 5350: 5341: 5334:Bradley 1901 5329: 5317:. Retrieved 5312: 5279: 5258: 5249: 5194: 5188: 5176: 5164: 5152: 5140: 5113: 5103: 5091: 5082: 5068: 5056: 5047: 5038: 5029: 5020: 5011: 5002: 4993: 4984: 4972:. Retrieved 4968: 4959: 4947: 4935: 4923:. Retrieved 4919:the original 4914: 4905: 4888: 4876: 4864: 4852: 4829: 4826:Davies, John 4820: 4808:. Retrieved 4804: 4795: 4783:. Retrieved 4778: 4769: 4740: 4728: 4716: 4704: 4674: 4662: 4648: 4639: 4627: 4615: 4603: 4591: 4564: 4521: 4487: 4475: 4463: 4444: 4438: 4426: 4406: 4399: 4387: 4368: 4362: 4353: 4341: 4329: 4316: 4304: 4292: 4264:. Retrieved 4260: 4251: 4242: 4233: 4221: 4212: 4203: 4191:. Retrieved 4187: 4178: 4128: 4116: 4026: 4014:. Retrieved 4010: 4001: 3989:. Retrieved 3985: 3976: 3879:South Africa 3847:Gŵyl y Fflam 3806: 3802: 3792:British Rail 3748: 3629: 3624:(1941), and 3619: 3611: 3590: 3586: 3581:Previously, 3573: 3559: 3540: 3523: 3497: 3481: 3471:Matthew Rhys 3433:Fidel Castro 3334: 3306: 3221:genealogist 3186:genealogical 3183: 3143: 2932: 2909: 2823:Eleanor Goch 2822: 2805: 2792: 2719: 2702: 2687: 2606: 2591: 2576: 2495: 2478: 2463: 2382: 2367: 2352: 2271: 2254: 2239: 2158: 2139: 2124: 2043: 2026: 2011: 1930: 1913: 1898: 1765:royal houses 1762: 1742: 1693: 1689: 1682: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1663: 1639: 1636:Illegitimate 1626:Croft Castle 1610:Edward Lucas 1571: 1500: 1465: 1457: 1421:Jack of Kent 1418: 1386: 1377: 1337: 1323: 1303: 1299: 1288: 1269: 1258: 1242: 1203: 1119: 1036: 1008: 983:Rear of the 944: 902: 882: 851: 809: 786: 753: 748:Cadair Idris 732:Conwy Castle 721: 656:Welsh people 653: 636: 601: 565: 543: 502:David Hanmer 499: 467:royal houses 419: 395: 389: 381: 359: 336: 292:English Lord 285: 267:, who led a 256: 243: 239: 228: 227: 146:among others 144: 110:(1415-09-20) 36: 25: 7593: 1415 7562: 1415 7403:23 November 7385:. Y Lolfa. 7139:: Harrison. 7077:Llywelyn II 7027:literature. 5957:. 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