31:
152:
291:, equal to 7,680 Tower grains (also known as wheat grains). The medieval English pennyweight was thus equal to 32 Tower grains. When Troy weights replaced Tower weights in 1527, the Troy weights were defined in such a way that the old Tower pound came out to exactly 5,400 Troy grains (also known as barleycorns), the Tower pennyweight
339:
The pennyweight is the common weight used in the valuation and measurement of precious metals. Jewellers use the pennyweight in calculating the amount and cost of precious metals used in fabricating or casting jewellery. Similarly, dentists and dental labs still use the pennyweight as the measure of
662:
Applied to nails, such adjectives denote the original price (in 15th c.) per hundred; as fivepenny nail, a nail which cost 5d. a hundred, tenpenny nail, a nail costing 10d. a hundred. (These names persisted after the prices fell, as they began to do in some places before 1500, and they were
586:
Part II Weighing and
Measuring for Trade ... 8 Units of measurement, weights and measures lawful for use for trade ... (2) No person shall use for trade—(a) the ounce troy, except for the purposes of transactions in, or in articles made from, gold, silver or other precious metals, including
305:
Troy grains (and thus approximately 1.46 grams). After 1527, the
English pennyweight was the Troy pennyweight. of 24 Troy grains. Thus the Troy pound, ounce, and pennyweight, with their definitions given in terms of the Troy grain instead of in terms of the Tower grain, were
616:
This section is for those in the trade. Those in the trade include jewellers, dentists and dental laboratories who have a store front, State ID numbers and
Federal ID numbers ... We do not list a dental estimating factor as there is no standard gold percentage for dental
363:
and grains measurement has been used since a new set of scales was purchased by the Egton Bridge Old
Gooseberry Society in 1937. As of 2018, the world record for the heaviest gooseberry of
807:
170:
329:
332:
of 1878; only the troy ounce and its decimal subdivisions remained official. The troy ounce enjoys a specific legal exemption from
797:
416:: the larger the nail, the higher the cost per hundred. The pennyweight also bears no relation to the weight of the American "
554:
244:
629:
779:
The following table gives specifications for The United States Mint legal tender coins presently in circulation
694:
49:
755:
30:
408:
Although the abbreviations are the same, the pennyweight bears no relation to the weight of the
American
417:
680:
736:
643:
802:
546:
260:
8:
536:
766:
688:
288:
730:
599:
550:
243: – (an ancient Roman coin), and later used as the symbol of an old
540:
284:
190:
325:
573:
791:
409:
344:
165:
412:. That name is derived from the price for a hundred nails in 15th century
389:
360:
333:
218:
54:
420:" (1 cent) coin, which weighs 2.5 g (for those minted after 1982).
742:
708:
600:"Precious Metal Buyers, Gold Refiners, Gold Assayers, Waste Management"
204:
356:
324:
The troy pound and the pennyweight lost their official status in the
380:
352:
348:
239:
413:
156:
151:
248:
222:
226:
186:
542:
A dictionary of weights and measures for the
British Isles
287:. At that time, the pound unit in use in England was the
587:
transactions in gold or silver thread, lace or fringe...
171:
National Museum of
Ireland – Decorative Arts and History
728:
606:. Maguire & Strickland Refining. September 22, 2011
524:
1 troy grain = 0.06479891 gram (exact by definition).
367:(64.5 g) was held by Kelvin Archer of Cheshire.
735:. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (MA). p.
808:
Customary units of measurement in the United States
789:
370:The most common abbreviation for pennyweight is
263:'s weight was literally, as well as monetarily,
343:Pennyweight and grains are still used to weigh
674:
663:eventually used to designate sizes of nails.)
390:Decimalisation of the British monetary system
340:precious metals in dental crowns and inlays.
545:. American Philosophical Society. pp.
403:
316:or 6.667% more than the Tower equivalents.
683:under "Penny" with a quote from 1426-1427.
29:
630:"United Kingdom Guinness Records in 2013"
150:
790:
535:
507:1 avoirdupois ounce = 437.50 grains,
504:Calculated using the relationships:
221:pound, approximately 0.054857
13:
521:Calculated using the relationship
14:
819:
732:The Early English Customs System
729:Norman Scott Brien Gras (1918).
677:Medieval Rec. London City Church
748:
722:
574:"Weights and Measures Act 1985"
701:
668:
636:
622:
592:
566:
529:
515:
498:
392:. Alternate abbreviations are
1:
798:Obsolete units of measurement
491:
423:
35:17th-century Irish weight, 8
225:and exactly 1.55517384
7:
384:, was the abbreviation for
10:
824:
693:: CS1 maint: postscript (
604:Precious metals calculator
510:1 troy ounce = 480 grains.
254:
681:Oxford English Dictionary
651:Oxford English Dictionary
351:, northwest UK. Over the
135:
121:
98:
94:
76:
68:
60:
48:
43:
28:
23:
404:Uses unrelated to weight
330:Weights and Measures Act
319:
159:, bearing its weight (4
745:with a quote from 1507.
675:H. Littlehales (1905).
647:(subscription required)
259:In the Middle Ages, an
174:
756:"Coin Specifications"
154:
769:. September 22, 2011
537:Zupko, Ronald Edward
229:. It is abbreviated
431:1 pennyweight
347:in competitions in
89:... is equal to ...
44:General information
767:United States Mint
175:
143:
137:
131:0.05485714 oz
129:
123:
106:
100:
576:. August 30, 2011
556:978-0-87169-168-2
489:
488:
223:avoirdupois ounce
189:equal to 24
149:
148:
77:Conversions
815:
782:
781:
776:
774:
760:
752:
746:
740:
726:
720:
719:
717:
716:
705:
699:
698:
692:
684:
672:
666:
665:
659:
658:
648:
640:
634:
633:
626:
620:
619:
613:
611:
596:
590:
589:
583:
581:
570:
564:
563:
533:
527:
519:
513:
502:
484:
483:
480:
467:
466:
462:
450:
449:
445:
428:
427:
378:, for the Roman
366:
359:the alternative
315:
314:
310:
304:
303:
299:
296:
282:
281:
277:
273:of an ounce and
272:
271:
267:
216:
215:
211:
202:
201:
197:
144:
138:
130:
124:
116:
115:
111:
107:
101:
33:
21:
20:
823:
822:
818:
817:
816:
814:
813:
812:
788:
787:
786:
785:
772:
770:
758:
754:
753:
749:
727:
723:
714:
712:
707:
706:
702:
686:
685:
673:
669:
656:
654:
646:
642:
641:
637:
628:
627:
623:
609:
607:
598:
597:
593:
579:
577:
572:
571:
567:
557:
534:
530:
520:
516:
503:
499:
494:
481:
478:
476:
464:
460:
459:
447:
443:
442:
426:
406:
364:
322:
312:
308:
307:
301:
297:
294:
292:
285:sterling silver
279:
275:
274:
269:
265:
264:
257:
213:
209:
208:
199:
195:
194:
185:) is a unit of
145:1.555174 g
142:
136:
128:
122:
113:
109:
108:
105:
99:
39:
17:
12:
11:
5:
821:
811:
810:
805:
800:
784:
783:
747:
721:
700:
667:
653:(2nd ed.)
635:
621:
591:
565:
555:
528:
526:
525:
514:
512:
511:
508:
496:
495:
493:
490:
487:
486:
473:
470:
469:
456:
453:
452:
439:
436:
435:
432:
425:
422:
405:
402:
326:United Kingdom
321:
318:
283:of a pound of
256:
253:
147:
146:
140:
133:
132:
126:
119:
118:
103:
96:
95:
92:
91:
86:
79:
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74:
73:
70:
66:
65:
62:
58:
57:
52:
46:
45:
41:
40:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
820:
809:
806:
804:
803:Units of mass
801:
799:
796:
795:
793:
780:
773:September 22,
768:
764:
757:
751:
744:
738:
734:
733:
725:
710:
704:
696:
690:
682:
679:Cited in the
678:
671:
664:
652:
645:
639:
631:
625:
618:
610:September 22,
605:
601:
595:
588:
580:September 22,
575:
569:
562:
558:
552:
548:
544:
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522:
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368:
362:
358:
354:
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346:
341:
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331:
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317:
290:
286:
262:
261:English penny
252:
250:
246:
245:British penny
242:
241:
237:standing for
236:
232:
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206:
192:
188:
184:
180:
172:
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104:
97:
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75:
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67:
63:
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56:
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51:
47:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
778:
771:. Retrieved
762:
750:
731:
724:
713:. Retrieved
703:
676:
670:
661:
655:. Retrieved
650:
638:
624:
615:
608:. Retrieved
603:
594:
585:
578:. Retrieved
568:
561:pennyweight.
560:
541:
531:
517:
500:
485: grams
434:= 24 grains
407:
397:
393:
385:
379:
375:
371:
369:
365:41 dwt 11 gr
345:gooseberries
342:
338:
323:
258:
238:
234:
230:
182:
178:
176:
164:
160:
88:
83:
61:Unit of
36:
18:
16:Unit of mass
711:. sizes.com
468:Troy pound
451:Troy ounce
336:in the UK.
334:metrication
289:Tower pound
179:pennyweight
155:Irish gold
125:Avoirdupois
82:1 dwt
55:Troy weight
50:Unit system
24:Pennyweight
792:Categories
715:2010-01-10
657:2010-05-30
492:References
424:Conversion
410:penny nail
205:troy ounce
117:troy pound
743:sizes.com
741:Cited at
689:cite book
357:Yorkshire
763:About us
539:(1985).
381:denarius
353:Pennines
349:Cheshire
240:denarius
139:SI units
759:(table)
709:"Penny"
644:"Penny"
463:⁄
446:⁄
414:England
388:before
328:in the
311:⁄
300:⁄
278:⁄
268:⁄
255:History
212:⁄
198:⁄
157:pistole
112:⁄
617:solids
553:
191:grains
84:in ...
69:Symbol
549:–84.
477:1.555
418:penny
386:penny
361:drams
320:Usage
247:(see
227:grams
217:of a
203:of a
775:2011
695:link
612:2011
582:2011
551:ISBN
396:and
219:troy
187:mass
102:Troy
64:Mass
737:701
547:280
479:173
465:240
394:pwt
372:dwt
355:in
280:240
251:).
249:£sd
231:dwt
214:240
183:dwt
169:) (
161:dwt
114:240
72:dwt
37:dwt
794::
777:.
765:.
761:.
691:}}
687:{{
660:.
649:.
614:.
602:.
584:.
559:.
482:84
475:=
458:=
448:20
441:=
400:.
398:PW
374:;
313:15
293:22
270:20
233:,
207:,
200:20
193:,
177:A
166:gr
163:7
739:.
718:.
697:)
632:.
461:1
444:1
376:d
309:1
302:2
298:1
295:+
276:1
266:1
235:d
210:1
196:1
181:(
173:)
110:1
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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