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Pyotr Voykov

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1000:, who had been relieved of his post as Ambassador of the Soviet Union to the United Kingdom. Rosengolts was returning from London via Berlin, having been summoned to Moscow. After meeting Rosengolts, Voykov and him went to the railway restaurant to have some coffee. Then, they went to the platform to board the express train that was scheduled to leave Warsaw at 9:55. Rosengolts was to continue his journey to Moscow on this train. As Voykov and Rosengolts passed the sleeper of the train, a man fired a pistol shot at Voykov. Voykov jumped aside and started to run. The assailant, who cried out "Die for Russia!", pursued him and fired more shots. Voykov pulled a pistol from his pocket and returned fire at the assailant. However, Voykov faltered and collapsed into the arms of a Polish policeman who had arrived on the scene. The assailant, seeing the approaching police, surrendered himself voluntarily into police custody. The shooter identified himself as 917:, Voykov and his accomplices used bayonets and pierced the breasts of the still living daughters of Nicholas II, as bullets ricocheted off from their corsets. After the killings, Voykov allegedly removed a ring from a corpse with a large ruby. Voykov himself claimed that the ring was taken from the hand of one of the Grand Duchesses and liked to show it off, though such a ring is not mentioned in any official documents or testimony given by the other executioners. Besedovsky also claimed that Voykov was one of the primary orchestrators of the killing of the imperial family, and insisted particularly to the Ural Soviet that the entire family, including all five of the Tsar's children, must be killed. 910:, the commandant of the Ipatiev House from 4 July and later chief executioner, was allegedly going to use sulfuric acid for the destruction of bodies. According to Yurovsky's memoirs of 1934, in addition to acid, he obtained gasoline (or kerosene) and shovels from Voykov. In an earlier testimony Yurovsky does not mention Voykov at all. None of the numerous eyewitnesses mention Voykov as a direct participant in the murder and the concealment of bodies. On July 16, Voykov attended a special session of the Ural Soviet at the Amerikanskaya Hotel, where it was decided the executions would have to be carried out that night. 650:, graduated with a silver medal. Already in the gymnasium, Voykov thought about killing the Tsar. He was expelled from the sixth grade of the Kerch Gymnasium, but he managed to pass examinations for grade seven. His parents had to change their place of residence and work as a result of his underground activities. The family moved to Keukeneiz, where his father took on the position as a road master in the estate of the landowner Alchevsky. Thanks to the efforts of his mother, Pyotr was accepted into the eighth grade of the 2503: 686:
struggle. But they prepared bombs for an armed uprising and the central leadership could not fully control the proliferation of weapons and the behavior of radical young people. Voykov fled first to Kekeneiz, to his father, and then to Sevastopol and St. Petersburg. Two other participants in the terrorist act, Dmitry Nashaburgsky and Pyotr Koren, did not mention Voykov's name. Voykov's participation was only established as fact in 1907.
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performed all formal duties. On June 10, the coffin was transported to the Warsaw railway station and from there by train to Moscow. In the streets of Warsaw, the coffin was followed by all the local communists, representatives of the diplomatic corps of Russia and Poland, the Polish government, as well as a department of the
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Voykov, having received emergency first aid at the station, was rushed to the nearby Hospital of the Child Jesus, where he died at 10:40 A.M. the same day. The autopsy performed on the same day by Professor Grchivo-Dombrowski revealed that Voykov had been shot twice: once fatally in the left side of
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the killing of the Tsar and his family, and many people in Poland regarded Kowerda as a hero; public opinion was full of understanding, and even sympathy, for the assassin. A Polish court initially sentenced Kowerda to life imprisonment due to external pressure, but he was successful in petitioning
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The reliability of Besedovsky testimony is now seriously questioned. The official investigation, conducted in Russia after the discovery of the remains of the imperial family, showed that the picture painted by Besedovsky was not reliable. Later, Besedovsky became known for his wild fantasy and for
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Despite the official remorse, almost all the newspapers expressed the sympathy of Polish society that Boris Kowerda evoked with his youth and patriotism, and he was even forgiven for the political difficulties caused by his actions. The killing was later justified as vengeance for Voykov's role in
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Voykov's body was transported from the hospital to the Soviet mission, which used the occasion to organize communist demonstrations in Warsaw. The coffin was exhibited in the mission hall for two days. The Polish government expressed its condolences to his widow and the government of the USSR and
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The terrorist act was a complete failure, the two persons most responsible for it were heavily wounded and soon died, and M. M. Gvozdevich was not injured. It is known that Mensheviks were the least extremist of any of the groups within the RSDLP and rejected terrorism as a method of a political
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Even after the terrorist shot himself, Dumbadze ordered his troops to burn down the dacha, and the soldiers additionally looted the adjacent house. Voykov (the militia fighter of the RSDLP) had no relation to the action on February 26, 1907, because it was organized by one of the "flying combat
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Voykov was one of the five organizers and participants in the terrorist attack on July 20, 1906, against the local police chief, M. M. Gvozdevich. According to the official Soviet biography of Voykov, the initial purpose of the operation was not a terrorist act, but the transportation of bombs,
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and worked as a mathematics teacher. Later he was forced to leave this post; he worked as a shop foreman at the metallurgical plant and worked as an engineer at various enterprises. His mother Alexandra Filippovna (née Ivanova, 1869–1953) received a good education, graduating from the Kerch
837:(food detachments) were sent to the villages. As a Commissar of Supply, Voykov also dealt with this. Soviet biographers also note that he managed to organize the exchange of Urals iron for Siberian grain and he dealt with the construction of a railroad between Yekaterinburg and 972:, he drafted a work plan for the Export Commission. This commission was engaged in buying up and valuation of antiques and works of art and deciding whether they could be sold abroad. Contrary to the frequent claims, however, Voykov had nothing to do with sales from the 932:
captured Yekaterinburg from the Bolsheviks. In the materials of the investigator Sokolov, Voykov was mentioned only as a person related to the distribution of sulfuric acid. The actual disposal of the remains was rather left under the supervision of Yurovsky and
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Informing the local Bolsheviks of the forthcoming arrival of Nicholas II and his family in Yekaterinburg, Sverdlov left it to them whether to imprison the family or offer them accommodations in a mansion. They chose a variant with a mansion turned into a prison.
883:. These fabricated letters, along with the Romanov responses to them, written either on blank spaces or on the envelope, were ultimately used by the Ural Soviet, and likely the Central Executive Committee in Moscow, to justify murdering the imperial family. 894:
claimed that Voykov, who for a long time lived abroad and graduated from Geneva University, translated these letters into French. The researchers note, that the letters contained obvious oddities, including an incorrect address to the monarch using
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During the imperial family's imprisonment in late June, they received letters written in French. Their author was allegedly a monarchist officer, planning to rescue the Tsar and his family. In fact, these letters were composed at the behest of the
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prepared for self-defense, from a cache to a place outside the city, where they were planned to be discharged. According to this version, the decision to attack the police chief was taken impulsively by the two other participants in the operation.
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for Supply in the Ural Region Soviet. In this post, he directed transportation of precious metals from Yekaterinburg, successfully sought the supply of foodstuffs from the state reserves to the Urals and personally provided for its delivery. The
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and his family. It seems to have been on the basis of information supplied by Voykov that Ipatiev was summoned to the office of the Soviet at the end of April 1918 and ordered to vacate what was soon to be called 'The House of Special Purpose'.
1998:Большая советская энциклопедия / гл. ред. О. Ю. Шмидт. - Москва : Советская энциклопедия, 1926-. - 26 см. Т. 12: Воден - Волховстрой. - 1928. - 416 с., 29 л. ил., портр., цв. ил., карты, портр. : ил., карты, портр., табл. / стр. 232 618:. The couple had three other children, son Pavel and daughters Valentina and Militsa. Militsa Lazarevna Voykova (1896–1966) later became an actress of the Central Children's Theater. Controversy exists as to whether Voykov's family had 746:", and was an active participant in the "1st Geneva Group of Assistance". In the spring of 1914 he married Adelaide Abramovna Belenkina, who studied medicine in Geneva. On April 24, 1915, their son Pavel was born. Following the 853:"Voykov set such prices for food and fuel that private trade in the Urals became impossible. Voykov's activities led to a shortage of goods and a significant decrease in the standard of living of the local population." 984:—the task of the commission was, on the contrary, to provide museums with appraisals. Stalin's massive sales from museums took place in 1929–1934, long after Voykov left this post and died. The mass sale of 14 256: 714:. However, an assassination attempt on Dumbadze revived the investigation into the case on July 20. As a result, Voykov was forced to leave Petersburg; in summer 1907 he was hiding in 1379: 996:
On June 7, 1927, at 9:00 A.M., the Ambassador Voykov and an official of the Embassy, Yurij Grigorowicz, arrived at the main station in Warsaw. They were there to meet
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of industrial plants led to the disintegration of normal economic ties. In order to supply the cities with food, the Soviets resorted to the brutal policy of
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of 1917, he returned to Russia with his wife and son, though not in the same sealed carriage with Lenin, as it was often claimed, but together with
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and fought in the ranks of the self-defense squad. Voykov also was a member of the fighting squad of local social-democrats after moving to Yalta.
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and, although he was not yet a Bolshevik, he remained a Menshevik-Internationalist during the First World War, actively spoke out against the "
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captured Perm and drove the Soviet forces from there, too. Voykov was summoned to Moscow and worked in the distribution department of
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Minister Plenipotentiary of the Soviet Union to the Polish Republic (1924–1927), he was assassinated in Warsaw by an anti-Bolshevik
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the publication of forged documents (for example, "Notebooks" of Stalin's non-existent nephew), as even his friends recognized.
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at Dumbadze, who was passing by in a carriage. Dumbadze was bruised and scratched, while the driver and adjutant were injured.
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to commute his sentence to 15 years. Kowerda was later amnestied and released after serving ten years on June 15, 1937.
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As a Commissar of Supply, Voykov signed orders for the distribution of sulfuric acid from the Yekaterinburg pharmacy.
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urged the authorities to remove the name of Voykov from national toponymy, but that has not materialized as of 2023.
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claimed that Voykov, in this position, was involved in repressions against the entrepreneurs of the Urals, stating:
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the chest, and once in the left shoulder. The wound to the chest ruptured Voykov's left lung, causing an
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Nina Stuzhynskaya, Belarus Rebellious: From History of Armed Anti-Soviet Resistance: 1920s p. 293, 295
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Moscow disputes over metro station named after Royal Family murderer :: Russia-InfoCentre
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and Voykov continued his work there. Five months later, on December 25, the troops of admiral
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The role of Voykov in the regicide was fully investigated by the commission set up after
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In 1907 Voykov left Russia on the passport of his classmate. In March 1908 he arrived in
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Voykov became involved in revolutionary activity at a young age. He studied at the same
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until July 1919, when he was sent to work in Central Union of Consumer Cooperatives (
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It appears that these letters were not written by Voykov himself, but by one of the
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From the autumn of 1906, the duties of the mayor in Yalta were performed by General
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The brother of Pyotr Voykov, whose name was Pavel, committed suicide in March 1906
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According to the memoirs of Grigory Besedovsky, a Soviet Diplomat who defected to
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On returning to Russia, Voykov became a Commissar of the Ministry of Labor of the
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After the fall of Yekaterinburg on July 26, 1918, the Ural Soviet evacuated to
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Alexandrovskaya Men's Gymnasium, but he was soon expelled from there too.
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16 November] 1917 he was elected chairman of the Yekaterinburg
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However the coachman was wounded in his eye and the adjutant in the leg
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On October 26, 1920, Voykov was appointed a member of the board of the
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75 rocznica podpisania w Moskwie polsko-sowieckiego paktu o nieagresji
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Tatiana F. Faberzhe; Valentin V. Skurlov; Lynette G. Proler (1997).
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The Soviet authorities cherished his memory, giving his name to the
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is not known, but a period between 1903 and 1905 is assumed. The
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Anna Geifman (1995). "Terrorism in Practice: The Mensheviks".
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August 1] 1888 – June 7, 1927) was a Ukrainian
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Thou Shalt Kill: Revolutionary Terrorism in Russia, 1894-1917
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in the next group, which arrived in Russia on May 9, 1917.
1787: 1751: 1471: 1459: 1447: 1423: 1320: 1266: 1254: 1242: 629: 1975:] (in Russian). Simferopol: Крымиздат. Archived from 1701:"Станция преткновения. Войков не убивал царя и его семью" 1679:"Станция преткновения. Войков не убивал царя и его семью" 1175: 1173: 1902:"Relief of John W Scholtes 1588 Relief of Boris Kowerda" 1543: 1483: 1359: 605:. His father, Lazar Petrovich Voykov, was expelled from 581:. The continued use of Voykov's name in modern Russia's 2034:, reprint, Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, 2005. 1573: 1296: 526: 1170: 1858:"Shot Down by Assassin—Soviet Ambassador at Warsaw", 1775: 1763: 1308: 789:
and was engaged in trade union activities. After the
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Soviet diplomat, politician, and regicide (1888–1927)
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Anti-religious campaign during the Russian Civil War
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known as one of the participants in the decision to
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Pyotr Lazarevich Voykov. A short biographical essay
1968:Пётр Лазаревич Войков. Краткий биографический очерк 1825: 90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1520: 866:Voykov knew Nicholas Ipatiev, and had visited the 2459:Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg 1620:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 766. 1502:«Information about the activities of P.L. Voykov» 1053:, several streets and plants, and a coal mine in 870:before it was selected as the final residence of 2519: 2106: 2014:The Last Tsar: the Life and Death of Nicholas II 1724:"Сквозь смерть. Григорий Зиновьевич Беседовский" 1215:Ю. А. Жук. Вопросительные знаки в «Царском деле» 268:Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary 2628:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members 1960:(in Russian). Moscow: Политиздат. p. 214. 1406: 1377: 2092: 1613: 1514: 2158:Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia 2063:Ekaterinburg: The Last Days of the Romanovs, 2006:, English edition, Hutchinson, London, 1966. 1721: 1338: 857: 657:The exact date of Voykov's accession to the 609:, then graduated from teacher's seminary in 2553:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members 1332: 53:Learn how and when to remove these messages 2148:Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia 2099: 2085: 1894: 1878: 1876: 1552: 841:. Russian academic, publicist, and former 761: 2538:Ambassadors of the Soviet Union to Poland 1945: 1793: 1781: 1757: 1742: 1607: 1553:King, Greg; Wilson, Penny (6 July 2014). 1477: 1465: 1453: 1441: 1429: 1326: 1272: 1260: 1248: 1191: 1179: 690:Assassination attempt on Dumbadze in 1907 328:December 2, 1917 – July 26, 1918 223:Learn how and when to remove this message 205:Learn how and when to remove this message 150:Learn how and when to remove this message 2153:Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia 1805: 1527:Романовы. Последние дни Великой династии 718:for several months, and then emigrated. 676: 288:November 8, 1924 – June 7, 1927 2163:Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia 2143:Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia 1964: 1873: 1852: 1769: 1489: 1365: 1314: 1302: 955:People's Commissariat for Food Supplies 940: 630:Beginning of his revolutionary activity 2548:Burials at the Kremlin Wall Necropolis 2520: 2479:Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia 1652: 1588: 966:People's Commissariat of Foreign Trade 2080: 1158:Г. Н. Губенко «Пётр Лазаревич Войков» 808:From January to December 1918 he was 778:, Voykov left St. Petersburg for the 642:, one of the chief organizers of the 1521:Владимир Хрусталев (16 April 2018). 161: 88:adding citations to reliable sources 59: 18: 2464:Church of All Saints, Yekaterinburg 593:He was born August 13 1888 into a 13: 1991: 1412: 396: 177:tone or style may not reflect the 14: 2649: 585:has been a cause of controversy. 34:This article has multiple issues. 2603:People of the Russian Revolution 2502: 2501: 1954:Minister Plenipotentiary of USSR 1835:The Fabergé imperial Easter eggs 1523:"Екатеринбург. Новое пристанище" 991: 795:Military Revolutionary Committee 622:origins, particularly among the 254: 187:guide to writing better articles 166: 64: 23: 2598:People of the Russian Civil War 2593:People of the Polish–Soviet War 2583:People from Taurida Governorate 1939: 1923: 1906:U.S. Government Printing Office 1799: 1736: 1715: 1693: 1671: 1646: 1634: 1582: 1495: 1371: 1278: 1102: 607:St. Petersburg Mining Institute 489:Execution of the Romanov family 75:needs additional citations for 42:or discuss these issues on the 2623:Russian people murdered abroad 1949:Полномочный представитель СССР 1614:Richard Pipes (13 July 2011). 1345:. Princeton University Press. 1230: 1219: 1208: 1197: 1151: 1133: 1122: 538:: Пётрусь and Интеллигент, or 1: 2633:Soviet people murdered abroad 2608:Poland–Soviet Union relations 2543:Assassinated Soviet diplomats 1115: 721: 708:Socialist Revolutionary Party 588: 2108:Murder of the Romanov family 793:he joined the Yekaterinburg 459:Adelaide Abramovna Belenkina 7: 2558:Deaths by firearm in Poland 1946:Zhukovsky, Nikolay (1968). 1864:"RUSSIA: Nest of Murderers" 1064: 616:Institute for Noble Maidens 570:the former Russian Emperor 527: 10: 2654: 2474:Romanov Family Association 1838:. Christie's. p. 67. 665:points out that he was a " 2588:People murdered in Poland 2497: 2436: 2356: 2306: 2235: 2228: 2202: 2171: 2121: 2114: 1806:Williams, Robert (1977). 1034: 1026:President of the Republic 858:Execution of the Romanovs 712:St. Petersburg University 663:Great Soviet Encyclopedia 516: 508: 494: 483: 471: 463: 455: 427: 413: 402: 393:Manner of death 392: 372: 341: 336: 332: 321: 312: 302: 292: 281: 266: 262: 253: 244: 237: 2638:Assassinated ambassadors 2613:Regicides of Nicholas II 1967: 1948: 1745:"Убийство Царской Семьи" 1589:Лыкова, Людмила (2007). 1556:The Fate of the Romanovs 1415: 1386:The three last autocrats 1381:Три последних самодержца 1380: 1095: 574:and his family members. 245: 2618:Russian revolutionaries 2329:Mikhail Medvedev-Kudrin 2004:The End of the Romanovs 1965:Gubenko, Gitel (1959). 1860:Wellington Evening Post 1579:Helen Rappaport, p. 120 1378:Bogdanovich A. (1990). 1286:"Войков Петр Лазаревич" 1059:Russian Orthodox Church 988:occurred in 1930–1933. 797:. 2 December [ 762:Activities in the Urals 548:) (August 13 [ 528:Petro Lazarovych Voikov 501:Pyotr Lazarevich Voykov 407:Kremlin Wall Necropolis 346:Pyotr Lazarevich Voykov 2454:List of Russian saints 2298:Yevgeni Preobrazhensky 2032:Nicholas and Alexandra 1617:The Russian Revolution 1529:. АСТ. pp. 462–. 1194:, pp. 16, 18, 42. 855: 768:Provisional Government 648:Alexander II of Russia 597:family in the city of 517:Петро Лазарович Войков 467:Pavel Petrovich Voykov 2263:Alexander Beloborodov 2132:Nicholas II of Russia 1129:Керчь — это мой город 872:Nicholas II of Russia 851: 677:The explosion in 1906 509:Пётр Лазаревич Войков 487:Participation in the 2568:Naming controversies 2258:Filipp Goloshchyokin 2138:Alexandra Feodorovna 1932:at www.russia-ic.com 1862:, 8 June 1927, p. 9 1071:Alexander Griboyedov 941:Activities in Moscow 736:University of Geneva 478:University of Geneva 84:improve this article 2016:, Doubleday, 1992. 2002:Victor Alexandrov, 1237:«Voykov and others» 1141:"Именной Указатель" 1077:Grigoriy Shcherbina 1010:internal hemorrhage 899:("you") instead of 843:Minister of Culture 748:February Revolution 738:. In Geneva he met 603:Taurida Governorate 363:Taurida Governorate 2378:October Revolution 2374:Russian Revolution 2278:Nikolay Tolmachyov 1908:, 27 February 1956 1722:К. Д. Померанцев. 1703:. 18 November 2015 1681:. 18 November 2018 1507:2012-05-27 at the 1444:, pp. 24, 33. 1163:2015-11-17 at the 1041:Voykovsky District 821:and the policy of 791:October Revolution 2578:People from Kerch 2515: 2514: 2489:Romanov impostors 2384:Russian Civil War 2352: 2351: 2253:Felix Dzerzhinsky 2224: 2223: 2071:978-0-099-52009-2 1845:978-0-903432-48-1 1796:, pp. 76–80. 1760:, pp. 69–72. 1664:978-5-8243-0826-6 1627:978-0-307-78857-3 1600:978-5-8243-0826-6 1536:978-5-457-44915-2 1492:, pp. 25–29. 1480:, pp. 68–70. 1468:, pp. 42–52. 1456:, pp. 38–41. 1432:, pp. 23–27. 1368:, pp. 12–13. 1329:, pp. 21–22. 1275:, pp. 16–19. 1251:, pp. 13–14. 998:Arkady Rosengolts 847:Vladimir Medinsky 525: 498: 497: 233: 232: 225: 215: 214: 207: 181:used on Knowledge 179:encyclopedic tone 160: 159: 152: 134: 57: 2645: 2505: 2504: 2293:Gavril Myasnikov 2288:Fyodor Lukoyanov 2233: 2232: 2119: 2118: 2101: 2094: 2087: 2078: 2077: 2047: 2028:Robert K. Massie 2010:Edvard Radzinsky 1987: 1985: 1984: 1961: 1959: 1933: 1927: 1921: 1918: 1909: 1898: 1892: 1891: 1880: 1871: 1856: 1850: 1849: 1829: 1823: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1803: 1797: 1791: 1785: 1779: 1773: 1767: 1761: 1755: 1749: 1748: 1740: 1734: 1733: 1731: 1730: 1719: 1713: 1712: 1710: 1708: 1697: 1691: 1690: 1688: 1686: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1650: 1644: 1638: 1632: 1631: 1611: 1605: 1604: 1586: 1580: 1577: 1571: 1570: 1550: 1541: 1540: 1518: 1512: 1499: 1493: 1487: 1481: 1475: 1469: 1463: 1457: 1451: 1445: 1439: 1433: 1427: 1421: 1420: 1410: 1404: 1403: 1398: 1397: 1375: 1369: 1363: 1357: 1356: 1336: 1330: 1324: 1318: 1312: 1306: 1305:, pp. 9–12. 1300: 1294: 1293: 1282: 1276: 1270: 1264: 1263:, p. 13-14. 1258: 1252: 1246: 1240: 1234: 1228: 1223: 1217: 1212: 1206: 1201: 1195: 1189: 1183: 1177: 1168: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1137: 1131: 1126: 1109: 1106: 1083:Vatslav Vorovsky 968:. Together with 640:Andrei Zhelyabov 530: 520: 518: 510: 379: 355: 353: 337:Personal details 326: 313:Chairman of the 308:Dmitry Bogomolov 305: 298:Leonid Obolensky 295: 286: 258: 248: 235: 234: 228: 221: 210: 203: 199: 196: 190: 189:for suggestions. 185:See Knowledge's 170: 169: 162: 155: 148: 144: 141: 135: 133: 92: 68: 60: 49: 27: 26: 19: 2653: 2652: 2648: 2647: 2646: 2644: 2643: 2642: 2518: 2517: 2516: 2511: 2493: 2484:Provender House 2432: 2348: 2319:Grigory Nikulin 2302: 2268:Boris Didkovsky 2220: 2198: 2194:Ivan Kharitonov 2167: 2110: 2105: 2059:Helen Rappaport 2045: 1994: 1992:Further reading 1982: 1980: 1969: 1957: 1950: 1942: 1937: 1936: 1928: 1924: 1919: 1912: 1899: 1895: 1882: 1881: 1874: 1857: 1853: 1846: 1830: 1826: 1816: 1814: 1804: 1800: 1792: 1788: 1780: 1776: 1768: 1764: 1756: 1752: 1741: 1737: 1728: 1726: 1720: 1716: 1706: 1704: 1699: 1698: 1694: 1684: 1682: 1677: 1676: 1672: 1665: 1651: 1647: 1639: 1635: 1628: 1612: 1608: 1601: 1587: 1583: 1578: 1574: 1567: 1551: 1544: 1537: 1519: 1515: 1509:Wayback Machine 1500: 1496: 1488: 1484: 1476: 1472: 1464: 1460: 1452: 1448: 1440: 1436: 1428: 1424: 1417: 1411: 1407: 1395: 1393: 1382: 1376: 1372: 1364: 1360: 1353: 1337: 1333: 1325: 1321: 1313: 1309: 1301: 1297: 1290:bse.sci-lib.com 1284: 1283: 1279: 1271: 1267: 1259: 1255: 1247: 1243: 1235: 1231: 1224: 1220: 1213: 1209: 1202: 1198: 1190: 1186: 1178: 1171: 1165:Wayback Machine 1156: 1152: 1139: 1138: 1134: 1127: 1123: 1118: 1113: 1112: 1107: 1103: 1098: 1067: 1037: 1029:Ignacy Mościcki 994: 978:Kremlin Armoury 943: 926:Admiral Kolchak 860: 828:prodrazvyorstka 823:nationalization 819:two revolutions 764: 724: 692: 679: 632: 591: 450:Communist Party 448: 439: 428:Political party 381: 377: 357: 356:August 13, 1888 351: 349: 348: 347: 327: 322: 303: 293: 287: 282: 249: 246: 240: 229: 218: 217: 216: 211: 200: 194: 191: 184: 175:This article's 171: 167: 156: 145: 139: 136: 93: 91: 81: 69: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2651: 2641: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2625: 2620: 2615: 2610: 2605: 2600: 2595: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2573:Old Bolsheviks 2570: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2513: 2512: 2510: 2509: 2498: 2495: 2494: 2492: 2491: 2486: 2481: 2476: 2471: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2446: 2440: 2438: 2434: 2433: 2431: 2430: 2425: 2420: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2381: 2371: 2369:Russian Empire 2366: 2360: 2358: 2354: 2353: 2350: 2349: 2347: 2346: 2344:Alexey Kabanov 2341: 2339:Stepan Vaganov 2336: 2334:Pavel Medvedev 2331: 2326: 2321: 2316: 2314:Yakov Yurovsky 2310: 2308: 2304: 2303: 2301: 2300: 2295: 2290: 2285: 2280: 2275: 2273:Georgy Safarov 2270: 2265: 2260: 2255: 2250: 2248:Yakov Sverdlov 2245: 2243:Vladimir Lenin 2239: 2237: 2230: 2226: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2219: 2218: 2213: 2210: 2206: 2204: 2200: 2199: 2197: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2175: 2173: 2169: 2168: 2166: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2150: 2145: 2140: 2134: 2127: 2125: 2116: 2112: 2111: 2104: 2103: 2096: 2089: 2081: 2075: 2074: 2056: 2043: 2025: 2007: 2000: 1993: 1990: 1989: 1988: 1962: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1934: 1922: 1910: 1893: 1890:. 7 June 2013. 1872: 1870:, 20 June 1927 1851: 1844: 1824: 1798: 1794:Zhukovsky 1968 1786: 1782:Zhukovsky 1968 1774: 1762: 1758:Zhukovsky 1968 1750: 1743:Соколов Н. А. 1735: 1714: 1692: 1670: 1663: 1645: 1633: 1626: 1606: 1599: 1581: 1572: 1565: 1542: 1535: 1513: 1494: 1482: 1478:Zhukovsky 1968 1470: 1466:Zhukovsky 1968 1458: 1454:Zhukovsky 1968 1446: 1442:Zhukovsky 1968 1434: 1430:Zhukovsky 1968 1422: 1405: 1370: 1358: 1351: 1331: 1327:Zhukovsky 1968 1319: 1307: 1295: 1277: 1273:Zhukovsky 1968 1265: 1261:Zhukovsky 1968 1253: 1249:Zhukovsky 1968 1241: 1229: 1218: 1207: 1196: 1192:Zhukovsky 1968 1184: 1180:Zhukovsky 1968 1169: 1150: 1132: 1120: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1111: 1110: 1100: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1092: 1086: 1080: 1074: 1066: 1063: 1036: 1033: 993: 990: 942: 939: 908:Yakov Yurovsky 859: 856: 763: 760: 740:Vladimir Lenin 723: 720: 706:units" of the 691: 688: 678: 675: 631: 628: 590: 587: 496: 495: 492: 491: 485: 481: 480: 475: 469: 468: 465: 461: 460: 457: 453: 452: 429: 425: 424: 415: 411: 410: 404: 400: 399: 394: 390: 389: 380:(aged 38) 374: 370: 369: 367:Russian Empire 345: 343: 339: 338: 334: 333: 330: 329: 319: 318: 310: 309: 306: 300: 299: 296: 290: 289: 279: 278: 264: 263: 260: 259: 251: 250: 242: 241: 238: 231: 230: 213: 212: 195:September 2024 174: 172: 165: 158: 157: 99:"Pyotr Voykov" 72: 70: 63: 58: 32: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2650: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631: 2629: 2626: 2624: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2614: 2611: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2599: 2596: 2594: 2591: 2589: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2561: 2559: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2525: 2523: 2508: 2500: 2499: 2496: 2490: 2487: 2485: 2482: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2445: 2442: 2441: 2439: 2435: 2429: 2426: 2424: 2423:Ipatiev House 2421: 2419: 2418:Yekaterinburg 2416: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2375: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2365: 2362: 2361: 2359: 2355: 2345: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2335: 2332: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2324:Peter Ermakov 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2299: 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Retrieved 1977:the original 1972: 1953: 1940:Bibliography 1925: 1905: 1896: 1887: 1867: 1859: 1854: 1834: 1827: 1815:. Retrieved 1811: 1801: 1789: 1777: 1770:Gubenko 1959 1765: 1753: 1738: 1727:. Retrieved 1717: 1705:. Retrieved 1695: 1683:. Retrieved 1673: 1654: 1648: 1636: 1616: 1609: 1590: 1584: 1575: 1559:. Lulu.com. 1555: 1526: 1516: 1511:(in Russian) 1497: 1490:Gubenko 1959 1485: 1473: 1461: 1449: 1437: 1425: 1408: 1400: 1394:. 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Pyotr Lazarevich Voykov
Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
Soviet Union
Poland
Yekaterinburg
Kerch
Taurida Governorate
Russian Empire
Warsaw
Poland
Assassination
Kremlin Wall Necropolis

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