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453:. Physically, his appearance varies; he can take any form he wishes, from an old grandma to a giant crossing his mountains with one step. Historically, his character has kept on expanding; from a bad demon causing storms and heavy snow, he evolved into a guardian of the poor people living in his mountains. It is said that he could test someone at any time to know whether that person's heart is pure (e.g. meeting someone as an old lady asking for help) and that if one does, that person would be shown the way to treasures hidden deep inside his mountains. He punished the German landlords mistreating
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is a name of ridicule, the use of which provokes his anger. In fact calling him by this nickname was the one crime he would not tolerate. Respectful names are "Lord of the
Mountain(s)" (Herr vom Berge, Herr der Berge), "Treasure Keeper" (Schatzhüter) or among herbalists "Lord John" (Herr Johannes,
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The modern Polish version of the figure arose in 1945, when Polish immigrants arrived in the then German land. Józef
Sykulski saw in Rübezahl a Slav who protected the Slavic natives against alleged German oppression. In the Polish version, common people were given Slavic names while the lords
248:). The princess gets very lonely there in the mountains. To keep her company, Rübezahl turns the turnips into her friends and acquaintances. As the turnips wilt after a little while, so do the persons that were created by Rübezahl's magic. The princess asks him to count (
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in the Czech
Republic close to the Polish border, there is a botanical locality with an especially large variety of plants that bears the name "Rübezahl's Garden". Some unusual stone buildings in the area are named after him as well, for example the
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Rübezahl, you should know, has the nature of a powerful genius: capricious, impetuous, peculiar, rascally, crude, immodest, haughty, vain, fickle, today your warmest friend, tomorrow alien and cold; …roguish and respectable, stubborn and flexible…
308:
is a direct translation of the German name, introduced by Stanisław Bełza in 1898. It only became widespread in Poland after 1945 when Józef
Sykulski started to translate tales of Rübezahl from German into Polish. The Czech name,
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obtained German names. Sykulski also framed the myth in the context of the
Communist concept of class struggle. However, Polonization of the figure was also met by opposition because it was allegedly a too much German figure.
369:, gnome, or mountain spirit. With good people he is friendly, teaching them medicine and giving them presents. If someone derides him, however, he exacts a severe revenge. He sometimes plays the role of a
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252:) the turnips in the field. While he counted, she escaped. Following this explanation, some early English writers translated his name as "Number Nip" (that is, "turnip numberer"), including the
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183:, hence his name in Czech and Polish), a mountain range along the border between the Czech Republic and Poland. He is the subject of many
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1141:, which have been collected since 1618. To the present day Krakonoš features as the principal character in many regional folk-tales.
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The Rübezahl legends also inspired other stories. He may have been the inspiration for the character Huhn in
Gerhart Hauptmann's "
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Carolyn T Dussere, The Image of the
Primitive Giant in the Works of Gerhart Hauptmann (U of Kentucky Press, 1977)
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Der politische Bezirk
Trautenau. Ein Beitrag zum erdkundlichen Unterrichte für das 3. Schuljahr. Von Adolf Ettelt
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1852:(emergency banknotes) Small currency notes from the town of Greiffenberg depicting the legend of Rübezahl
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1201:. Katalog zur Ausstellung. Königswinter-Heisterbacherrott: Museum für schlesische Landeskunde, 2000 (Hrsg.)
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and other Polish locales under the Giant
Mountains, there is an annual series of opera performances titled
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Several German Rübezahl tales have been translated into
English, including eight of Praetorius' stories by
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by Ullrich Junker & Izabela Taraszczuk, Bodnegg - Jelenia Góra 2003 on Digital Library of Jelenia Góra
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from the mountain above, even while the sun is shining. He may take the appearance of a monk in a gray
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Illustration taken from James Lee & James T. Carey: "Silesian Folk Tales (The Book of Rubezahl)".
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Bertram a Mescalinda aneb Potrestaná věrnost též Očarované housle Einsteinovy čili Krakonošův dar
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Select Popular Tales from the German of Musaeus. With ... Wood Engravings, Etc
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British Short Fiction in the Early Nineteenth Century: The Rise of the Tale
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Das schlesische Riesengebirge: die Polonisierung einer Landschaft nach 1945
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1965:
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Telling Tales: The Impact of Germany on English Children's Books 1780–1918
659:" (1876). New short stories featuring Rübezahl were also written, such as
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The origin of the name is not clear. One interpretation is from the story
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1531:. Vol. 6. Leipzig, Dresden, Berlin: L. Ehlermann. pp. 119–123.
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Grosses vollständiges Universal-Lexicon aller Wissenschaften und Künste
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Blamires, David (2009). "Musäus and the Beginnings of the Fairytale".
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1650:. London: George Cowie. September 1834. pp. 210–229 – via
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Rübezahl. Historischer Gestaltwandel und schamanische Aktualität.
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441:. In the Giant Mountains is a mountain named Kotel, which means
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Grundrisz zur Geschichte der deutschen Dichtung aus den Quellen
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Krakonoš played an important role in old local legends in the
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597:. The Rübezahl story was first collected and written down by
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The Facts on File Encyclopedia of World Mythology and Legend
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Michael Harrison and Christopher Stuart-Clark, ed. (1990).
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420:) and walks so heavily that the earth trembles around him.
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der Schlesischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Breslau
416:); he holds a stringed instrument in his hand (the storm
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1320:
1255:. OBP collection. Open Book Publishers. pp. 51–61.
1217:
128:(Rübenczal) as a tailed demon, first known depiction by
721:(1834); many translations of Musäus' tales, notably by
118:
Mountain spirit from German, Czech, and Polish folklore
145:
Liczyrzepa, Duch Gór, Karkonosz, Rzepiór, or Rzepolicz
435:
to people and invented the traditional regional soup
703:, and the unfinished story "The Lord of the Hills" (
313:, is simply derived from the name of the mountains.
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1144:Krakonoš appeared as a main character in the Czech
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1675:
1381:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. Page 940.
528:A museum devoted to the figure of Rübezahl in the
487:Rubezahl woodcarving in the Polish Giant Mountains
278:, the name is a contraction of Middle High German
2929:
1626:. Boston: Bibliophile Society. pp. 217–233.
1575:. Vol. 2. Cadell and Co. pp. 141–197.
1133:, features in literature and in other culture:
297:folktale, he is called "Prince of the Gnomes" (
1624:Letters to Edward Hookham and Percy B. Shelley
1563:
1541:
1392:"Tajemnice Karkonosza - Ducha Gór, artykuł 10"
1310:Etymological Dictionary of the German Language
1874:
449:. Rübezahl is seen to be the guardian of the
365:In legends, Rübezahl appears as a capricious
1484:
1291:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
959:(1879–83), music lost but libretto preserved
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1789:Rübezahl und das Hirschberger Schneiderlein
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1867:
1594:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 109–110.
1511:(214). J.M. Mauke: 536. 18 September 1811.
807:(2001) by the character Inger Von Klempt.
801:. Rübezahl is mentioned in Mike Mignola's
263:, from a combination of the personal name
1727:(Television production). Czech Republic:
1446:Dva tucty pohádek z Krkonoš a Podkrkonoší
1379:The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable
1373:
1371:
380:times. Rübezahl is the fantastic lord of
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1775:. London: Iames Burns. pp. 146–168.
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607:(1662). The character later appeared in
589:Rübezahl was first mentioned in 1565 as
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353:
210:
120:
1614:
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1521:
1443:
1341:, 2nd edition, Trautenau, 1873, p. 82 (
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1239:, New York: Facts on File, 1988, p. 562
384:of the mountains and is similar to the
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1759:
1721:Šimková, Božena (Writer) (1974–1984).
1505:Jenaische allgemeine literatur-zeitung
1368:
1326:
1223:
1038:: instrumental psychedelic rock track
1011:Rübezahl und der Sackpfeifer von Neiße
877:Der Berggeist oder Schicksal und Treue
515:The 3-metre high Krakonoš Fountain in
388:. Unexpectedly or playfully, he sends
1862:
1644:Lays and Legends of Germany: Part III
1312:. George Bell & Sons – via
1301:
1073:Helden, Schurken & der Dudelmoser
1155:Fairy Tales From the Giant Mountains
810:
797:is based on the tale and appears in
44:adding citations to reliable sources
15:
1888:
13:
1553:. Daniel Lizars. pp. 103–148.
1180:
823:Rübezahlkanzel an den Schneegruben
14:
2994:
1780:
1448:(in Czech). Prague: Knižní klub.
1194:, Sigmaringen, 1991; 32: 153-178.
2600:Johann Peter Petri (Black Peter)
1819:Rübezahl – Sage und Wirklichkeit
1708:"KRAKONOŠ dobrý duch našich hor"
1473:. Böhlau Verlag. pp. 66–68.
564:Postwar Polonization of the myth
508:
492:
480:
465:
215:The Rübezahl statue in Berlin's
20:
1735:
1714:
1700:
1667:
1658:
1630:
1608:
1579:
1557:
1535:
1515:
1493:
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1462:
1437:
1384:
793:". The poem "Count Carrots" by
604:Daemonologia Rubinzalii Silesii
461:Artistic depictions of Rubezahl
423:In Czech fairytales, Rübezahl (
31:needs additional citations for
1678:The Oxford Book of Story Poems
1423:(in Czech). Prague: Fragment.
1348:
1332:
1295:
1269:
1229:
853:Rübenzahl, ossia Il vero amore
799:The Oxford Book of Story Poems
556:and subsequently resettled in
259:Another proposed etymology is
1:
1840:Rübezahl - Duch Gór - Rybecal
1622:. In Garnett, Richard (ed.).
1205:
704:
552:from her hometown like other
2008:Companions of Saint Nicholas
1486:Aus dem schlesischen Gebirge
1469:Mateusz J. Hartwich (2012).
1146:children's television series
695:Die Geschichten vom Rübezahl
681:Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué
646:Aus dem schlesischen Gebirge
254:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica
7:
2870:Hirschsprung (Black Forest)
1639:"Legends of Rubezahl"
1199:Der Herr der Berge Rübezahl
1157:) broadcast in the program
1120:
842:
376:The stories originate from
344:Volksmährchen der Deutschen
10:
2999:
2973:Slavic legendary creatures
2948:German legendary creatures
2842:Volksmärchen der Deutschen
2677:Peter Nikoll (Black Peter)
1761:Musäus, Johann Karl August
1743:"Pivovar Krakonoš Trutnov"
1097:
733:(1863); Apel, Fouqué, and
316:
2900:
2819:
2430:
1908:
1901:German-speaking countries
1896:
1444:Pavlová, Svatava (2000).
1302:Kluge, Friedrich (1891).
1154:
836:Muzyczny Ogród Liczyrzepy
789:
739:George Godfrey Cunningham
693:
685:
665:
655:
645:
613:
609:Johann Karl August Musäus
573:Appearances in literature
523:
472:Sculpture of Krakonoš in
457:as well as any invaders.
358:The Grave of Rübezahl in
335:
229:Johann Karl August Musäus
225:How Rübezahl Got his Name
2474:Christman Genipperteinga
1804:on Projekt Gutenberg-DE
1569:"A Legend of Number Nip"
1419:Kubátová, Marie (2011).
2820:Legends and fairy tales
2628:Kunigunde von Orlamünde
2586:Heinrich von Winkelried
1620:"The Lord of the Hills"
1547:"Legends of Number-Nip"
1377:Elizabeth Knowles, ed.
1288:Encyclopædia Britannica
1235:Anthony S. Mercatonte,
1022:Erich Wolfgang Korngold
804:Hellboy: Conqueror Worm
206:
2705:Rüdiger von Bechelaren
2488:Eppelein von Gailingen
1854:webgerman.com/Notgeld/
1845:(in German and Polish)
1745:. pivovar-krakonos.cz.
1485:
1040:The Return of Rübezahl
990:Josef Richard Rozkošný
835:
822:
759:Mary Catherine Rowsell
673:
656:Rübezahls Mittagstisch
639:(1993). Poems include
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342:
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241:
220:
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172:
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133:
2877:Venusberg (mythology)
2684:Pied Piper of Hamelin
2530:Götz von Berlichingen
2446:Arnold von Winkelried
1765:"Legends of Rübezahl"
1586:Killick, Tim (2016).
1282:"Riesengebirge"
1129:variant of Rübezahl,
641:Ferdinand Freiligrath
615:Legenden von Rübezahl
583:American Book Company
580:
357:
336:Legenden von Rübezahl
329:—Translated extract:
321:
214:
124:
2768:Walram of Thierstein
2642:Matthias Klostermayr
2523:Giselher of Burgundy
2516:Genevieve of Brabant
2502:Frederick Barbarossa
1850:Greiffenberg Notgeld
1827:muellers-lesezeit.de
1616:Peacock, Thomas Love
1024:: movement No. 3 of
939:Friedrich von Flotow
929:Francis Edward Bache
863:Carl Maria von Weber
40:improve this article
2828:Grimms' Fairy Tales
2775:Walter of Aquitaine
2747:The Smith of Kochel
1648:Thoms, William John
1588:"Improving Stories"
1359:Rübezahl, Rübenzahl
1329:, pp. 161–162.
1226:, pp. 148–150.
829:In the vicinity of
712:Thomas Love Peacock
679:(vol 3, 1811), and
599:Johannes Praetorius
595:Franz von Koeckritz
2782:Werner Stauffacher
2698:Punker of Rohrbach
2614:Knight of the Swan
1832:2016-03-03 at the
1811:Rübezahl and music
1724:Krkonošské pohádky
1421:Krkonošské pohádky
1186:Henning Eichberg:
1150:Krkonošské pohádky
1105:Rübezahl's Wedding
1087:Rübezahls Rückkehr
747:Elizabeth F. Ellet
743:Johann Peter Lyser
719:William John Thoms
661:Johann August Apel
636:Mein Rübezahl-Buch
587:
548:, Vettin-Zahn was
501:Moritz von Schwind
363:
269:Middle High German
221:
134:
2925:
2924:
2810:Xaver Hohenleiter
2754:Till Eulenspiegel
2621:Konrad Baumgarten
2607:Klaus Störtebeker
2481:Dietrich von Bern
2099:Feuermann (ghost)
1601:978-1-317-17146-1
1573:Tales and Legends
1490:at Spiegel Online
1430:978-80-253-1126-4
1172:makes "Krakonoš"
875:: romantic opera
865:: romantic opera
811:Rübezahl's Garden
282:, ‘turnip-tail’.
159:mountain spirit (
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1771:. Translated by
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1729:Czech Television
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1682:. OUP. pp.
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1646:. Translated by
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1501:"Gespensterbuch"
1497:
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1394:. Archived from
1388:
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1307:
1305:"Rübezahl"
1299:
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1292:
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1273:
1267:
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1246:
1240:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1197:Stephan Kaiser:
1156:
838:
825:
792:
791:
790:Und Pippa Tanzt!
755:Charles Nordhoff
741:(1829); five of
709:
706:
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658:
657:
648:
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631:Otfried Preußler
628:
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606:
585:, New York 1915.
554:Silesian Germans
512:
496:
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469:
360:Szklarska Poręba
350:
347:
338:
337:
304:The Polish name
299:Fürst der Gnomen
289:Latin vocative:
236:
111:
104:
100:
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89:
48:
24:
16:
2998:
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2988:
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2968:Polish folklore
2928:
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2921:
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2909:German folklore
2907:
2896:
2891:Walpurgis Night
2889:
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2579:Hans von Trotha
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2246:Mare (folklore)
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2204:Knecht Ruprecht
2202:
2195:
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1987:Buschgroßmutter
1985:
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1936:
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1892:
1890:German folklore
1887:
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1834:Wayback Machine
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1183:
1181:Further reading
1139:Giant Mountains
1123:
1100:
1091:Rübezahls Reise
1065:Dschinghis Khan
849:Joseph Schuster
845:
813:
735:Henrik Steffens
727:William Hazlitt
707:
687:Das Schauerfeld
575:
566:
538:Rübezahl Museum
526:
519:
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504:
497:
488:
485:
476:
470:
451:Giant Mountains
373:in folk tales.
352:
349:volume 2 (1783)
328:
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291:Domine Johannes
276:Friedrich Kluge
232:
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165:Giant Mountains
119:
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2938:Czech folklore
2923:
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2919:
2916:Swiss folklore
2912:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2856:Nibelungenlied
2852:
2849:Gespensterbuch
2845:
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2835:Deutsche Sagen
2831:
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2256:
2253:Mephistopheles
2249:
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2050:Ekke Nekkepenn
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2018:
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1924:Alp (folklore)
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1781:External links
1779:
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1734:
1713:
1710:. freiheit.cz.
1699:
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1565:Misses Corbett
1556:
1551:The Odd Volume
1543:Misses Corbett
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1279:, ed. (1911).
1277:Chisholm, Hugh
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945:(1852 Retzin,
936:
926:
917:: comic opera
915:August Conradi
912:
898:
887:Wilhelm Würfel
884:
870:
869:(1805 Breslau)
860:
844:
841:
812:
809:
753:'s version by
723:Thomas Beddoes
701:Misses Corbett
691:" (1814) and "
675:Gespensterbuch
667:Der Todtentanz
651:Robert Reinick
621:Carl Hauptmann
574:
571:
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542:Lauban (Lubań)
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499:"Rübezahl" by
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1801:Rübezahl-Buch
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1523:Goedeke, Karl
1518:
1510:
1507:(in German).
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1457:
1455:80-242-0283-2
1451:
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1398:on 2014-05-05
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1224:Musäus (1845)
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1190:In: Jahrbuch
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1026:Märchenbilder
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953:Gustav Mahler
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905:Der Berggeist
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782:William Grist
779:
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748:
744:
740:
737:' stories by
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696:
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677:
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668:
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652:
649:" (1844) and
642:
637:
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627:
626:Rübezahl-Buch
622:
616:
610:
605:
600:
596:
593:in a poem by
592:
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546:Lower Silesia
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130:Martin Helwig
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67:
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60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
2803:Wolfdietrich
2789:William Tell
2712:Schildbürger
2421:Wolpertinger
2386:Wiedergänger
2379:Weiße Frauen
2336:
2330:Rhinemaidens
2078:Ewiger Jäger
2043:Easter Bunny
2015:Doppelgänger
1899:Folklore of
1898:
1839:
1800:
1788:
1768:
1758:
1754:Bibliography
1737:
1723:
1716:
1702:
1677:
1669:
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1643:
1632:
1623:
1610:
1591:
1581:
1572:
1559:
1550:
1537:
1527:
1517:
1508:
1504:
1495:
1479:
1470:
1464:
1445:
1439:
1420:
1400:. Retrieved
1396:the original
1386:
1378:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1338:
1334:
1322:
1309:
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1198:
1191:
1187:
1148:
1130:
1124:
1111:
1103:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1079:Joachim Witt
1072:
1068:
1061:(2002 Praha)
1058:
1045:Yeti (album)
1043:
1039:
1036:Amon Düül II
1028:Op. 3 (1911
1025:
1016:Braunschweig
1009:
993:
983:
969:
956:
942:
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918:
904:
890:
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866:
852:
831:Jelenia Góra
828:
814:
802:
798:
786:
777:
769:(1844), and
751:Rosalie Koch
749:(1847); and
745:'s tales by
729:(1845), and
716:
590:
588:
567:
560:after 1945.
527:
455:Czech people
446:
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38:Please help
33:verification
30:
2670:Peter Klaus
2414:Witte Wiwer
2344:Santa Claus
2316:Poltergeist
2260:Moss people
2197:King Laurin
2106:Feldgeister
2057:Elwetritsch
1822:(in German)
1814:(in German)
1806:(in German)
1794:(in German)
1773:James Burns
1168:located in
1089:(2020) and
1006:Hans Sommer
947:Groß Pankow
931:: operetta
901:Louis Spohr
873:Franz Danzi
815:Near Mount
795:Gerda Mayer
784:(c. 1888).
767:Mary Howitt
763:Freiligrath
757:(1858) and
708: 1835
629:(1915) and
558:Switzerland
244:, singular
189:fairy tales
2932:Categories
2863:Freischütz
2740:Tannhäuser
2593:Hildebrand
2551:Gundomar I
2509:Friar Rush
2358:Tatzelwurm
2323:Rasselbock
2274:Nachzehrer
2267:Nachtkrapp
2239:Lutzelfrau
2148:Hinzelmann
2113:Frau Holle
2001:Christkind
1994:Changeling
1959:Belsnickel
1652:Wikisource
1402:2014-05-05
1314:Wikisource
1206:References
1159:Večerníček
1153:(English:
1052:Jan Klusák
1042:on the LP
731:Mark Lemon
619:" (1783),
306:Liczyrzepa
293:). In one
280:Ruobezagel
261:Riebezagel
181:Karkonosze
66:newspapers
55:"Rübezahl"
2635:Lohengrin
2393:Wild Hunt
2183:Klagmuhme
1966:Bergmönch
1938:Aufhocker
1211:Citations
1081:: albums
1056:pasticcio
982:: ballet
974:Offenbach
967:singspiel
963:Franz Abt
881:Karlsruhe
775:singspiel
771:Franz Abt
591:Ribicinia
433:sourdough
390:lightning
386:Wild Hunt
371:trickster
234:‹See Tfd›
163:) of the
157:folkloric
96:June 2019
2983:Wild men
2901:See also
2649:Nibelung
2565:Hannikel
2467:Brunhild
2400:Wild man
2337:Rübezahl
2225:Lindworm
2127:Heimchen
2064:Erdhenne
1980:Bogeyman
1973:Bieresel
1952:Beerwolf
1931:Askafroa
1917:Alberich
1830:Archived
1787:Musäus:
1763:(1845).
1618:(1910).
1567:(1828).
1545:(1826).
1525:(1898).
1131:Krakonoš
1121:Krakonoš
1113:Rübezahl
1085:(2018),
1083:Rübezahl
1071:from LP
1069:Rübezahl
1054:: opera
1030:Karlsbad
1008:: opera
995:Krakonoš
992:: opera
984:Rübezahl
970:Rübezahl
957:Rübezahl
955:: opera
943:Rübezahl
941:: opera
933:Rubezahl
919:Rübezahl
903:: opera
891:Rübezahl
889:: opera
867:Rübezahl
851:: opera
843:In music
778:Rübezahl
761:(1864).
725:(1791),
550:expelled
532:town of
443:cauldron
429:Krakonoš
311:Krakonoš
295:Silesian
286:Rübezahl
267:and the
219:Fountain
173:Krkonoše
161:woodwose
153:Krakonoš
137:Rübezahl
126:Rübezahl
2978:Sudetes
2537:Gunther
2302:Perchta
2281:Nis Puk
2232:Lorelei
2218:Krampus
2162:Irrwurz
2155:Hödekin
2085:Fänggen
2071:Erlking
1945:Bahkauv
1170:Trutnov
1166:brewery
1098:In film
1067:: song
857:Trieste
601:in the
534:Görlitz
517:Trutnov
431:) gave
394:thunder
382:weather
339:" from
317:Legends
185:legends
155:) is a
80:scholar
2958:Gnomes
2953:Giants
2884:Vineta
2796:Witege
2726:Sigurd
2656:Ortnit
2544:Gudrun
2453:Attila
2431:People
2351:Schrat
2211:Kobold
2141:Hemann
2092:Fasolt
1909:Beings
1690:
1598:
1452:
1427:
1363:Google
1343:Google
1259:
1116:(1957)
1108:(1916)
1093:(2022)
1075:(1982)
1048:(1970)
1014:(1904
1000:Prague
998:(1889
986:(1887)
972:(1884
935:(1853)
923:Berlín
921:(1849
909:Kassel
907:(1825
895:Prague
893:(1824
879:(1813
855:(1789
817:Sněžka
536:, the
530:German
524:Museum
503:(1859)
474:Hořice
447:kyselo
438:kyselo
412:(like
331:Musäus
250:zählen
238:German
199:, and
197:Polish
193:German
177:Polish
141:Polish
132:, 1561
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2495:Faust
2372:Uhaml
2365:Türst
2120:Gütel
2029:Drude
1684:81–86
1127:Czech
710:) by
671:" in
425:Czech
414:Wotan
410:frock
378:pagan
367:giant
272:zagel
265:Riebe
242:Rüben
169:Czech
149:Czech
87:JSTOR
73:books
1688:ISBN
1596:ISBN
1450:ISBN
1425:ISBN
1257:ISBN
1174:beer
1125:The
683:'s "
663:'s "
653:'s "
643:'s "
611:'s "
418:harp
406:snow
404:and
402:rain
392:and
246:Rübe
207:Name
187:and
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780:by
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398:fog
333:, "
301:).
227:by
191:in
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1164:A
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