1155:
845:
587:
98:
1102:
75:
140:
605:
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82:
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up against an
Israeli advance, and crush in a decisive encounter. On 24 October, Dayan ordered a partial mobilization. When this led to a state of confusion, Dayan ordered full mobilization, and chose to take the risk that he might alert the Egyptians. As part of an effort to maintain surprise, Dayan ordered Israeli troops that were to go to the Sinai to be ostentatiously concentrated near the border with Jordan first, which was intended to fool the Egyptians into thinking that it was Jordan that the main Israeli blow was to fall on.
2516:
2504:
1407:
2480:
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4108:
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1395:, the Syrian military's record of intervention in politics, and the deep factionalism among Syria's political forces. However, in January 1958, a second Syrian delegation managed to convince Nasser of an impending communist takeover and a consequent slide to civil strife. Nasser subsequently opted for union, albeit on the condition that it would be a total political merger with him as its president, to which the delegates and Syrian president
150:
952:
2528:
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4128:
1089:'s profits, and upheld that the Egyptians had a right to sovereignty over the waterway, especially since "120,000 Egyptians had died building it". He nationalized the Suez Canal the same day of the speech; his hostile approach towards Israel and economic nationalism prompted the beginning of the Second Arab-Israeli War (Suez Crisis), in which Israel (with support from France and the United Kingdom) occupied the
4138:
1490:. At the meeting, Khrushchev pressed Nasser to lift the ban on the Communist Party, but Nasser refused, stating it was an internal matter which was not a subject of discussion with outside powers. Khrushchev was reportedly taken aback and denied he had meant to interfere in the UAR's affairs. The matter was settled as both leaders sought to prevent a rift between their two countries.
932:– who was acceded to the throne as King Fuad II – and a three-man Regency Council was appointed. The former king's departure into exile came on Saturday, 26 July 1952 and at 6 o'clock that evening he set sail for Italy with protection from the Egyptian Army. On 28 July 1953, Naguib became the first President of Egypt, which marked the beginning of modern Egyptian governance.
1110:
1135:
the canal's nationalization that he gained near-total popular legitimacy and firmly established himself as the "charismatic leader" and "spokesman for the masses not only in Egypt, but all over the Third World". According to
Aburish, this was Nasser's largest pan-Arab triumph at the time and "soon his pictures were to be found in the tents of
1413:
1411:
1408:
1412:
1369:
It later became clear that Israel, France, and
Britain had conspired to plan out the invasion. The three allies had attained a number of their military objectives, but the Suez Canal was useless. Heavy political pressure from the United States and the USSR led to a withdrawal. US President Eisenhower
1310:
Capturing them would deal a deathblow to the
Egyptian's strategic operation in the entire Peninsula. The capture of these four objectives were hoped to be the means by which the entire Egyptian Army would rout and fall back into Egypt proper, which British and French forces would then be able to push
1231:
were defeated, they had blocked the Suez Canal to all shipping. It later became clear that Israel, France, and
Britain had conspired to plan out the invasion. The three allies had attained a number of their military objectives, but the Suez Canal was useless. Heavy political pressure from the United
1207:
as president in June 1956. British forces completed their withdrawal from the occupied Suez Canal Zone on 13 June 1956. He nationalized the Suez Canal on 26 July 1956; his hostile approach towards Israel and economic nationalism prompted the beginning of the Second Arab-Israeli War (Suez Crisis), in
832:
While the Free
Officers planned to overthrow the monarchy on 2–3 August, they decided to make their move earlier after their official leader, Naguib, gained knowledge, leaked from the Egyptian cabinet on 19 July, that King Farouk acquired a list of the dissenting officers and was set to arrest them.
1199:
was also at the dinner. He immediately agreed that military action might be inevitable, but warned Eden would have to keep the
Americans closely informed. After a session of the House of Commons expressed anger against the Egyptian action on 27 July, Eden justifiably believed that Parliament would
1134:
stated, "I cannot overemphasize popularity of the Canal
Company nationalization within Egypt, even among Nasser's enemies." Egyptian political scientist Mahmoud Hamad wrote that, prior to 1956, Nasser had consolidated control over Egypt's military and civilian bureaucracies, but it was only after
924:
Debate broke out among the Free
Officers concerning the fate of the deposed king. While some (including Naguib and Nasser) thought that the best course of action was to send him into exile, others argued that he should be put on trial or executed. Finally, the order came for Farouk to abdicate in
1410:
1247:
On 29 October, Israel invaded the
Egyptian Sinai. Britain and France issued a joint ultimatum to cease fire, which was ignored. The aims were to regain Western control of the Suez Canal and to remove Egyptian president Nasser, who had just nationalized the Suez Canal. On 5 November, Britain and
1473:
A day after announcing the attempt on his life, Nasser established a new provisional constitution proclaiming a 600-member National Assembly (400 from Egypt and 200 from Syria) and the dissolution of all political parties. Nasser gave each of the provinces two vice-presidents: Boghdadi and
1358:. The border policemen involved in the killings were later tried and imprisoned, with an Israeli court finding that the order to shoot civilians was "blatantly illegal". This event had major effects on Israeli law relating to the ethics in war and more subtle effects on the legal status of
1415:
1414:
1868:
1170:
in London in late June and early July. Egypt's action, however, threatened British economic and military interests in the region. Prime Minister Eden was under immense domestic pressure from Conservative MPs who drew direct comparisons between the events of 1956 and those of the
1370:
had strongly warned Britain not to invade; he threatened serious damage to the British financial system by selling the US government's pound sterling bonds. Historians conclude the Suez Crisis "signified the end of Great Britain's role as one of the world's major powers".
1191:, when he learned the canal had been nationalized. They both unequivocally advised Eden to "hit Nasser hard, hit him soon, and hit him by yourself" – a stance shared by the vast majority of the British people in subsequent weeks. "There is a lot of humbug about Suez,"
1114:
1112:
125:
1390:
As political instability grew in Syria]], delegations from the country were sent to Nasser demanding immediate unification with Egypt. Nasser initially turned down the request, citing the two countries' incompatible political and economic systems, lack of
1326:
carrying Egyptian officers en route from Syria to Egypt, killing 16 Egyptian officers and journalists and two crewmen. The Ilyushin was believed to be carrying Field Marshal Abdel Hakim Amer and the Egyptian General Staff; however this was not the case.
1115:
1403:(UAR) was proclaimed and, according to Dawisha, the Arab world reacted in "stunned amazement, which quickly turned into uncontrolled euphoria." Nasser ordered a crackdown against Syrian communists, dismissing many of them from their governmental posts.
1018:
After the three-year transition period ended with Nasser's official assumption of power, his domestic and independent foreign policies increasingly collided with the regional interests of the UK and France. The latter condemned his strong support for
1097:
diplomatic intervention, and the status quo was restored. The motion was technically in breach of the international agreement he had signed with the UK on 19 October 1954, although he ensured that all existing stockholders would be paid off.
1380:
1200:
support him; Gaitskell spoke for his party when he called the nationalization a "high-handed and totally unjustifiable step". When Eden made a ministerial broadcast on the nationalization, his political party declined its right to reply.
1379:
1113:
1175:
in 1938. Since the US government did not support the British protests, the British government decided in favour of military intervention against Egypt to avoid the complete collapse of British prestige in the region.
1409:
1226:
On 29 October, Israel invaded the Egyptian Sinai. Britain and France issued a joint ultimatum to cease fire, which was ignored. On 5 November, Britain and France landed paratroopers along the Suez Canal. While the
1381:
875:
in Nasser's automobile to collect men to arrest key royalist commanders before they reached their barracks and gain control over their soldiers. As they approached the el-Qoba Bridge, an artillery unit led by
124:
1302:
groups, and because Israel recognized that Egypt could use the territory as a staging ground for attacks against the advancing Israeli troops. Israel advocated rapid advances, for which a potential Egyptian
823:
in uncontested Egyptian control for the first time since 1875, erasing what was seen as a mark of national humiliation. This strengthened the appeal of the revolution in other Arab and African countries.
959:
Following the 1952 revolution by the Free Officers movement, the rule of Egypt passed to military hands and all political parties were banned. On 18 June 1953, the Egyptian Republic of Egypt was
126:
1330:
The conflict began on 29 October 1956. At about 3:00 pm, Israeli Air Force Mustangs launched a series of attacks on Egyptian positions all over the Sinai. Because Israeli intelligence expected
1295:
and, by capturing the town, Israel would have access to the Red Sea for the first time since 1953, which would allow it to restore the trade benefits of secure passage to the Indian Ocean.
1208:
which Israel (with support from France and the United Kingdom) occupied the Sinai Peninsula and the canal. The war came to an end because of US and USSR diplomatic intervention and the
1147:". The official reason given for the nationalization was that funds from the canal would be used for the construction of the Aswan Dam. That same day, Egypt closed the canal to Israeli
1111:
2054:
1883:
1462:
to shoot down Nasser's plane. As a consequence of Saud's plot, he was forced by senior members of the Saudi royal family to informally cede most of his powers to his brother, King
3957:
2990:
1307:
would present even more of a risk. Arish and Abu Uwayulah were important hubs for soldiers, equipment, and centers of command and control of the Egyptian Army in the Sinai.
1085:
as a means to fund the Aswan Dam project in light of the British–American withdrawal. In the speech, he denounced British imperialism in Egypt and British control over the
1040:
2985:
2980:
5674:
1036:
5853:
1007:
and the main architect of the 1952 movement – and was later put under house arrest. After Naguib's resignation, the position of President was vacant until the
2260:
1158:
Nasser greeted by crowds in Alexandria one day after his announcement of the British withdrawal and the assassination attempt against him, 27 October 1954.
5848:
640:
3512:
5764:
1382:
2759:
1454:
planned to have him assassinated on his return flight to Cairo. On 4 March, Nasser addressed the masses in Damascus and waved before them the
3381:
17:
1442:
was dispatched to Damascus with proposals to include his country in the new republic. Nasser agreed to establish a loose federal union with
799:
since 1882, and France, both of whom were wary of rising nationalist sentiment in territories under their control throughout Africa and the
5813:
4722:
4550:
4465:
4204:
1248:
France landed paratroopers along the Suez Canal. While the Egyptian forces were defeated, they had blocked the Suez Canal to all shipping.
1195:, one of Eden's private secretaries, later recorded. "People forget that the policy at the time was extremely popular." Opposition leader
1167:
860:
880:
met with them before he led his battalion to take control the Military General Headquarters to arrest the royalist army chief of staff,
3007:
2975:
1568:"The Suez Crisis of 1956 and its Aftermath: A Comparative Study of Constitutions, Use of Force, Diplomacy and International Relations"
97:
3836:
3364:
2846:
2402:
James, Laura M. (2008), "When Did Nasser Expect War? The Suez Nationalization and its Aftermath in Egypt", in Simon C. Smith (ed.),
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3848:
3239:
1350:
villages along the Jordanian border were placed under curfew. This resulted in the killings of 48 civilians in the Arab village of
1567:
795:
The revolution was faced with immediate threats from Western imperial powers, particularly the United Kingdom, which had occupied
4937:
3283:
3017:
1237:
5818:
4209:
2560:
5838:
4989:
4544:
4085:
2415:
2393:
2375:
2351:
2326:
2304:
1940:
1761:
1596:
1063:
594:
4954:
4174:
3909:
3563:
3507:
3463:
3276:
2950:
2940:
2900:
1853:
3757:
5442:
3568:
3308:
3194:
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alienated the United States. On 19 July 1956, the US and UK abruptly withdrew their offer to finance construction of the
1044:
819:
of 1956. Despite enormous military losses, the war was seen as a political victory for Egypt, especially as it left the
5447:
4021:
3952:
3831:
3453:
3330:
2997:
2878:
2805:
2793:
2754:
2343:
1236:
had strongly warned Britain not to invade; he threatened serious damage to the British financial system by selling the
1073:
completed their withdrawal from the occupied Suez Canal Zone on 13 June 1956. On 26 July 1956, Nasser gave a speech in
761:
1797:
1542:
1244:
bonds. Historians conclude the Crisis "signified the end of Great Britain's role as one of the world's major powers".
4712:
3556:
3085:
2455:
2437:
848:
Nasser (right) and Naguib (left) during celebrations marking the second anniversary of the 1952 revolution, July 1954
769:
707:
5257:
3689:
3352:
3075:
1493:
In 1958, Egypt and Syria formed a sovereign union known as the United Arab Republic, ending the Republic of Egypt.
833:
The officers thus decided to launch a preemptive strike and after finalizing their plans in meeting at the home of
5833:
4655:
4199:
4048:
4016:
3769:
3495:
2905:
2625:
1298:
The Gaza Strip was chosen as another military objective because Israel wished to remove the training grounds for
177:
1434:
to celebrate the union on 24 February, Nasser was welcomed by crowds in the hundreds of thousands. Crown Prince
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5234:
4737:
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1439:
1136:
877:
734:
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2630:
2613:
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3816:
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to enter the war on Egypt's side, Israeli soldiers were stationed along the Israeli-Jordanian frontier. The
967:
of the Republic, serving in that capacity for a little under one and a half years until he was placed under
5725:
4707:
4695:
4214:
3880:
3684:
3652:
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74:
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4043:
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853:
664:
411:
398:
5808:
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5137:
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3706:
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257:
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5705:
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4004:
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2005:"Suez Crisis | Definition, Summary, Location, History, Dates, Significance, & Facts | Britannica"
1668:
1267:. Israeli military planning for this operation in the Sinai hinged on four main military objectives;
807:
also posed a serious challenge, as the Free Officers increased Egypt's already strong support of the
804:
5527:
5823:
5147:
5127:
5092:
5045:
4999:
4351:
4167:
4080:
4060:
3868:
3694:
3490:
3478:
3315:
3293:
2960:
2910:
2851:
2810:
2686:
2681:
2647:
2608:
2429:
1012:
1008:
730:
719:
1657:, 3rd ed. Documentary Research Division, Research Studies Institute, Air University, 1959. p. 273.
1126:
The nationalization announcement was greeted very emotionally by the audience and, throughout the
1122:
reels reporting Nasser's nationalization of the Suez Canal and both domestic and Western reactions
5025:
4717:
4700:
4690:
4665:
4509:
4235:
3989:
3612:
3347:
3199:
3172:
3157:
3152:
2888:
2788:
1359:
1347:
760:
The Free Officers's goals were to abolish the Kingdom of Egypt, to establish a republic, end the
316:
1511:
5745:
5660:
5507:
5219:
5152:
5020:
4969:
4901:
4801:
4791:
4589:
4524:
4331:
4260:
4141:
4070:
3999:
3821:
3789:
3483:
3421:
3416:
3130:
2595:
1463:
1144:
1751:
1586:
5730:
5710:
5690:
5553:
5517:
5472:
5417:
5209:
5204:
4979:
4926:
4751:
4660:
4629:
4569:
4519:
4301:
4291:
4075:
3967:
3937:
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3303:
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3234:
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3032:
2817:
2696:
2664:
2546:
2520:
2508:
2296:
1930:
1459:
1458:
check given to Syrian security chief and, unbeknownst to the Saudis, ardent Nasser supporter
1392:
1228:
469:
267:
103:
4881:
884:
and all the other commanders who were present in the building. At 6:00 am the Free Officers
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5598:
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5407:
5332:
5117:
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4786:
4561:
4539:
4534:
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3892:
3762:
2866:
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1451:
1424:
1400:
1335:
1233:
1163:
1070:
1059:
1055:
789:
773:
742:
703:
676:
672:
576:
437:
173:
2029:
1980:
1101:
8:
5740:
5685:
5522:
5512:
5497:
5487:
5452:
5382:
5297:
5267:
5214:
4931:
4685:
4680:
4579:
4574:
4341:
4296:
4255:
4160:
4053:
4033:
3853:
3801:
3796:
3735:
3637:
3320:
3251:
3246:
2965:
2669:
2367:
1355:
1339:
1105:
Nasser submitting his vote for the referendum of the proposed constitution, 23 June 1956
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5337:
5282:
5189:
5035:
4906:
4796:
4776:
4732:
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4647:
4614:
4604:
4594:
4476:
3863:
3774:
3674:
3541:
3369:
3335:
3288:
3266:
3162:
3064:
2935:
2822:
2769:
2407:
2082:
1911:
1447:
1315:
1304:
1086:
1082:
980:
964:
881:
811:. These two issues conflated four years after the revolution when Egypt was invaded by
796:
754:
452:
371:
347:
305:
274:
985:
139:
5665:
5655:
5618:
5492:
5477:
5352:
5322:
5292:
5287:
5262:
5199:
5194:
5184:
5055:
5004:
4891:
4886:
4609:
4245:
4230:
4117:
4011:
3811:
3718:
3669:
3622:
3607:
3522:
3438:
3325:
3223:
3204:
3037:
2711:
2706:
2637:
2620:
2603:
2451:
2433:
2411:
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2371:
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2300:
2086:
2074:
1936:
1915:
1903:
1757:
1592:
1523:
1487:
1420:
1396:
1180:
1148:
904:
249:
3873:
81:
5681:
5645:
5563:
5387:
5157:
5102:
5065:
5040:
5030:
4964:
4916:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4816:
4811:
4504:
4250:
3972:
3929:
3899:
3747:
3529:
3458:
3400:
3115:
3110:
3090:
3012:
2827:
2728:
2659:
2642:
2583:
2066:
1895:
1483:
1475:
1435:
1172:
1131:
929:
868:
864:
834:
785:
781:
746:
668:
563:
3784:
837:, they began their coup on the night of 22 July. Mohieddin stayed in his home and
5558:
5307:
5277:
5272:
5132:
5122:
5087:
5077:
5060:
4896:
4851:
4766:
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4459:
4306:
3962:
3779:
3730:
3632:
3448:
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3167:
2798:
2723:
2484:
2290:
1292:
1268:
1260:
1184:
1090:
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738:
220:
119:
45:
5700:
5482:
5467:
5432:
5172:
5167:
5050:
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4514:
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3919:
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3443:
2955:
2883:
2742:
2676:
2496:
2004:
1479:
1323:
1319:
1241:
1196:
1119:
946:
900:
896:
812:
750:
660:
517:
359:
335:
293:
2070:
1899:
5797:
5779:
5766:
5347:
5112:
5107:
4529:
4387:
4346:
4326:
3994:
3982:
3977:
3657:
2747:
2078:
1907:
1527:
1288:
918:
529:
385:
254:
87:
4876:
1956:
1051:, citing concerns that Egypt's economy would be overwhelmed by the project.
5437:
4959:
4921:
4821:
4404:
4121:
3711:
3120:
2779:
2532:
2515:
2286:
1467:
1455:
1363:
1276:
1188:
1130:, thousands entered the streets shouting slogans of support. US ambassador
1094:
1024:
1020:
996:
968:
926:
808:
2448:
The Decline of Arab Unity: The Rise and Fall of the United Arabic Republic
1263:, located in the northern Sinai and mentioned several times in the Hebrew
844:
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4781:
4372:
4356:
3140:
2871:
2861:
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1004:
913:
838:
816:
777:
699:
645:
424:
2479:
1251:
5224:
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4321:
4286:
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3147:
2404:
Reassessing Suez 1956: New Perspectives on the Crisis and Its Aftermath
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687:
630:
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3500:
1792:
1790:
1343:
1140:
1048:
885:
857:
264:
242:
951:
852:
Meanwhile, the chairman of the Free Officers, Nasser, contacted the
5720:
5603:
5593:
5412:
4911:
4183:
2701:
1802:
1588:
Eye on Israel: How America Came to View the Jewish State as an Ally
1431:
1386:
Nasser's announcement of the United Arab Republic, 23 February 1958
1373:
1299:
1032:
991:
675:
came to an end. It was superseded in 1958 with the creation of the
524:
260:
149:
2315:
Arab Nationalism in the Twentieth Century: From Triumph to Despair
1852:
majalla, This day in history: The birth of the Egyptian Republic.
1787:
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237:
1450:—in place of total integration. While Nasser was in Syria, King
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4771:
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4270:
2733:
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2538:
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208:
2426:
Nasser's Egypt, Arab Nationalism, and the United Arab Republic
1031:. In addition, Nasser's adherence to neutralism regarding the
4152:
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2569:
1272:
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and the Sues Canal. The war came to an end because of US and
908:
872:
695:
683:
635:
623:
230:
190:
5578:
4419:
4409:
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3177:
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to assure their support. On the morning of 23 July, he and
907:
on the waterfront. Naguib ordered the captain of Farouk's
1854:"This day in history: The birth of the Egyptian Republic"
1543:"Egypt's 1952 revolution: Seven decades of military rule"
1054:
In October 1954, Egypt and Britain agreed to abolish the
2386:
When the Gavel Speaks: Judicial Politics in Modern Egypt
737:, a group of army officers who wanted to overthrow King
1255:
Israeli M4A4 Shermans were used in the Sinai campaign.
1232:
States and the USSR led to a withdrawal. US President
2468:
1338:
militarized the Israel-Jordan border, including the
53:
1667:theguardian, The Egyptian Republic (20 June 1953).
1486:in Syria. Nasser then left for Moscow to meet with
1166:. There had been no discussion of the canal at the
1066:; the agreement came into force on 1 January 1956.
784:agenda, which came to be expressed chiefly through
776:. The revolutionary government adopted a staunchly
1866:
1003:Naguib was forced to resign in 1954 by Nasser – a
682:The territory of the state compromised modern day
1753:Historical Dictionary of Anglo-American Relations
1726:
1724:
1613:"Egypt - Revolution, Republic, Nile | Britannica"
5795:
2340:Egypt Under Nasir: A Study in Political Dynamics
1374:The formation of the United Arab Republic (1958)
1259:Operation Kadesh received its name from ancient
1069:Nasser assumed power as president in June 1956.
974:
940:
729:The Republic of Egypt was created following the
2223:
2221:
2219:
1653:Hilton Proctor Goss and Charles Marion Thomas.
2098:
2096:
2055:"SUEZ AND BRITAIN'S DECLINE AS A WORLD POWER*"
1884:"SUEZ AND BRITAIN'S DECLINE AS A WORLD POWER*"
1777:
1775:
1773:
1721:
1699:
1697:
1162:The nationalization surprised Britain and its
1027:was agitated by Nasser's campaign against the
659:was a state created in 1953 under the rule of
5854:States and territories disestablished in 1958
4168:
2554:
1823:
1821:
871:'s home in civilian clothes and drove around
2216:
2204:
2168:
1655:American Foreign Policy in Growth and Action
1322:NF.13 intercepted and destroyed an Egyptian
37:
2359:
2144:
2132:
2120:
2108:
2093:
1770:
1730:
1694:
1666:
1509:
861:Democratic Movement for National Liberation
464:1,010,408 km (390,121 sq mi)
5849:States and territories established in 1953
4175:
4161:
2561:
2547:
2192:
2180:
1818:
148:
138:
2423:
2334:
1781:
1703:
1346:, during the first few hours of the war.
694:. The territory also included modern day
1466:, a major Nasser opponent who advocated
1405:
1377:
1250:
1168:Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference
1153:
1108:
1100:
989:Nasser handing documents to an Egyptian
984:
971:by Nasser after a brief power struggle.
950:
843:
143:
2312:
2285:
2239:
2227:
2210:
2198:
2186:
2174:
2150:
2138:
2126:
2114:
2102:
1827:
1540:
895:, where Farouk was in residence at the
891:By 25 July 1952, the army had occupied
14:
5796:
4210:List of current non-sovereign monarchs
2259:. Associated Press. February 2, 1958.
2253:"Egypt, Syria Union Aim at Arab Unity"
1685:
1318:was effected, during which an Israeli
917:, not to sail without orders from the
888:units began patrolling Cairo's skies.
4440:
4156:
3587:
3398:
3221:
3062:
2581:
2542:
2445:
2401:
2383:
2162:
2052:
1928:
1881:
1839:
1749:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1739:
1715:
1362:, who at the time were regarded as a
1215:
772:from the British, who governed it as
438:Formation of the United Arab Republic
4137:
2263:from the original on January 4, 2023
2245:
1957:"Suez Crisis | National Army Museum"
1584:
1056:Anglo-Egyptian Condominium Agreement
768:, and to secure the independence of
724:
399:Declaration of the Republic of Egypt
4127:
2450:, Portland: Sussex Academic Press,
1851:
1647:
1179:Eden was hosting a dinner for King
995:in a land distribution ceremony in
38:
27:Republic in North Africa, 1953–1958
24:
4205:List of current sovereign monarchs
2344:State University of New York Press
1736:
216:Recognised national languages
122:
25:
5870:
3508:Role of the Egyptian Armed Forces
2464:
1688:"The revolution and the Republic"
1565:
713:
430:29 October 1956 – 7 November 1956
4723:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
4136:
4126:
4116:
4107:
4106:
3365:Refugees of the Syrian civil war
2568:
2526:
2514:
2502:
2490:
2478:
704:Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Condominium
603:
585:
556:
96:
80:
73:
5844:1958 disestablishments in Egypt
5814:History of Egypt (1900–present)
4200:Imperial, royal and noble ranks
3849:Identification card controversy
2233:
2156:
2046:
2022:
1997:
1973:
1949:
1922:
1875:
1860:
1845:
1833:
1798:"1956: Egypt Seizes Suez Canal"
1709:
1679:
1419:Newsreel clip about Nasser and
1287:. The Egyptian blockade of the
1045:arms deal with the Eastern Bloc
4182:
2755:Khedivate and Kingdom of Egypt
2053:Peden, G. C. (December 2012).
1882:Peden, G. C. (December 2012).
1660:
1638:
1629:
1605:
1578:
1559:
1534:
1510:Abdel-Malek, A. (1964-03-19).
1503:
899:. Terrified, Farouk abandoned
13:
1:
5819:Former countries in West Asia
3063:
1867:موقع الجمهورية المصرية, عام.
1585:Mart, Michelle (2006-02-09).
1541:Mansour, Thaer (2022-07-22).
1496:
975:Nasser presidency (1954–1958)
941:Naguib presidency (1953–1954)
18:Republic of Egypt (1953-1958)
5839:1953 establishments in Egypt
4215:List of monarchy referendums
3382:Twin towns and sister cities
3222:
2894:Assassination of Anwar Sadat
2424:Jankowski, James P. (2001),
2360:Goldschmidt, Arthur (2008),
1750:Ellis, Sylvia (2009-04-13).
1572:Boston University Law Review
815:, France, and Israel in the
706:was abolished, granting the
7:
3910:Vehicle registration plates
3588:
3564:Water supply and sanitation
3399:
2582:
2030:"What Was The Suez Crisis?"
1981:"What Was The Suez Crisis?"
1399:agreed. On 1 February, the
1062:independence to become the
963:, with Naguib as the first
827:
762:British occupation of Egypt
665:Egyptian revolution of 1952
412:Egyptian Revolution of 1952
54:
10:
5875:
3569:Water resources management
2319:Princeton University Press
2279:
2257:The San Francisco Examiner
1929:Mayer, Michael S. (2009).
1219:
978:
944:
935:
717:
692:All-Palestine Protectorate
5627:
5536:
5250:
5013:
4947:
4759:
4750:
4646:
4628:
4560:
4475:
4433:
4365:
4279:
4223:
4190:
4102:
3928:
3600:
3596:
3583:
3464:Impact on the environment
3454:Entrepreneurship policies
3407:
3394:
3230:
3217:
3071:
3058:
3026:
2928:
2594:
2590:
2577:
2071:10.1017/S0018246X12000246
1900:10.1017/S0018246X12000246
1512:"Nasserism And Socialism"
1354:in an event known as the
1143:, and the posh villas of
619:
535:
523:
513:
509:
499:
489:
479:
475:
468:
458:
451:
447:
434:
421:
408:
395:
391:
381:
377:
365:
353:
341:
329:
325:
315:
311:
299:
287:
283:
273:
248:
236:
226:
214:
204:
196:
186:
135:
114:
69:
64:
32:
4352:Self-proclaimed monarchy
3235:Administrative divisions
2911:2011 Egyptian revolution
2852:1952 Egyptian revolution
2648:Lighthouse of Alexandria
2430:Lynne Rienner Publishers
2363:A Brief History of Egypt
2336:Dekmejian, Richard Hrair
1187:and his Prime Minister,
805:state of war with Israel
731:1952 Egyptian revolution
720:1952 Egyptian revolution
4620:Vatican City (Holy See)
3439:Egyptian stock exchange
2384:Hamad, Mahmoud (2008),
2313:Dawisha, Adeed (2009),
1935:. Infobase Publishing.
1669:"The Egyptian Republic"
1635:Alexander, 2005, p. 41.
1430:On a surprise visit to
1360:Arab citizens of Israel
205:Official languages
5834:Military dictatorships
4902:Islands of Refreshment
4332:Legitimacy (political)
3770:International rankings
2775:Egyptian–Ethiopian War
2059:The Historical Journal
1888:The Historical Journal
1427:
1387:
1256:
1159:
1123:
1106:
1000:
956:
925:favor of his son, the
849:
130:
5829:20th century in Egypt
4713:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4302:Criticism of monarchy
4292:Abolition of monarchy
3375:Terrorism and tourism
2833:1948 Arab–Israeli War
2665:Library of Alexandria
2292:Nasser, the Last Arab
1418:
1385:
1254:
1157:
1118:
1104:
1064:Republic of the Sudan
1021:Algerian independence
988:
954:
847:
708:Republic of the Sudan
268:military dictatorship
129:
4545:United Arab Emirates
4086:World Heritage Sites
3905:Units of measurement
3360:Proposed new capital
3106:Environmental issues
2867:United Arab Republic
2760:Muhammad Ali dynasty
2446:Podeh, Elie (1999),
2034:Imperial War Museums
1985:Imperial War Museums
1932:The Eisenhower Years
1869:"Gamal Abdel Nasser"
1425:United Arab Republic
1423:'s establishment of
1401:United Arab Republic
1336:Israel Border Police
1234:Dwight D. Eisenhower
841:went to the cinema.
788:, and international
774:Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
743:Muhammad Ali dynasty
702:until 1956 when the
677:United Arab Republic
673:Muhammad Ali dynasty
581:United Arab Republic
174:Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
5776: /
5741:Trinidad and Tobago
5628:Commonwealth realms
5513:United Baltic Duchy
4656:Antigua and Barbuda
4648:Commonwealth realms
4342:Order of succession
3758:Freedom of religion
3653:Mass sexual assault
3018:Timekeeping devices
2916:2013 Rabaa massacre
2889:Egyptian–Libyan War
2368:Infobase Publishing
1756:. Scarecrow Press.
1356:Kafr Qasim massacre
5804:Former Arab states
3948:Art (contemporary)
3628:Capital punishment
3518:Telecommunications
3195:Towns and villages
3163:Qattara Depression
2976:Muslim Brotherhood
2946:Cigarette industry
2806:British occupation
2717:Crusader invasions
2687:Rashidun Caliphate
2408:Ashgate Publishing
2297:St. Martin's Press
2230:, pp. 161–162
2213:, pp. 160–161
2177:, pp. 202–203
2153:, pp. 150–151
2129:, pp. 199–200
2009:www.britannica.com
1617:www.britannica.com
1516:Socialist Register
1470:over pan-Arabism.
1460:Abdel Hamid Sarraj
1448:United Arab States
1428:
1388:
1316:Operation Tarnegol
1257:
1216:Suez Crisis (1956)
1160:
1124:
1107:
1083:Suez Canal Company
1058:of 1899 and grant
1001:
981:Gamal Abdel Nasser
957:
905:Ras Al-Teen Palace
882:Hussein Sirri Amer
854:Muslim Brotherhood
850:
755:Gamal Abdel Nasser
690:, governed by the
372:Gamal Abdel Nasser
348:Gamal Abdel Nasser
306:Gamal Abdel Nasser
131:
5809:Egyptian monarchy
5780:30.050°N 31.217°E
5758:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5443:Piedmont-Sardinia
5195:Sip Song Chau Tai
5005:Thirteen Colonies
4746:
4745:
4150:
4149:
4098:
4097:
4094:
4093:
4022:Football stadiums
3953:Botanical gardens
3832:Catholic dioceses
3724:Gender inequality
3648:Human trafficking
3579:
3578:
3513:Tallest buildings
3474:Military industry
3390:
3389:
3331:Political parties
3284:Islamic extremism
3272:Foreign relations
3213:
3212:
3054:
3053:
3050:
3049:
2794:French occupation
2712:Fatimid Caliphate
2707:Ikhshidid dynasty
2417:978-0-7546-6170-2
2395:978-1-243-97653-6
2377:978-0-8160-6672-8
2353:978-0-87395-080-0
2328:978-0-691-10273-3
2306:978-0-312-28683-5
2295:, New York City:
1942:978-1-4381-1908-3
1763:978-0-8108-6297-5
1644:Alexander, p. 42.
1598:978-0-7914-6687-2
1488:Nikita Khrushchev
1468:pan-Islamic unity
1416:
1397:Shukri al-Quwatli
1383:
1116:
955:Naguib and Nasser
749:which was led by
725:The Free Officers
657:Republic of Egypt
653:
652:
615:
614:
611:
610:
599:Republic of Sudan
569:
568:
367:• 1954–1958
331:• 1953–1954
301:• 1954–1958
289:• 1953–1954
258:semi-presidential
165:Republic of Egypt
144:Egypt before 1956
127:
88:Co-official flags
34:Republic of Egypt
16:(Redirected from
5866:
5859:History of Egypt
5791:
5790:
5788:
5787:
5786:
5781:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5772:
5769:
5682:Irish Free State
5448:Poland–Lithuania
4757:
4756:
4708:Papua New Guinea
4438:
4437:
4177:
4170:
4163:
4154:
4153:
4140:
4139:
4130:
4129:
4120:
4110:
4109:
3915:Waste management
3680:Academic grading
3598:
3597:
3585:
3584:
3557:Railway stations
3535:Cultural tourism
3434:Economic regions
3396:
3395:
3219:
3218:
3060:
3059:
2729:Mamluk Sultanate
2660:Diocese of Egypt
2643:Battle of Actium
2592:
2591:
2579:
2578:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2540:
2539:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2519:
2518:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2495:
2494:
2483:
2482:
2474:
2460:
2442:
2420:
2398:
2380:
2356:
2331:
2309:
2287:Aburish, Said K.
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2165:, pp. 44–45
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2130:
2124:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2091:
2090:
2065:(4): 1073–1096.
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1894:(4): 1073–1096.
1879:
1873:
1872:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1794:
1785:
1779:
1768:
1767:
1747:
1734:
1731:Goldschmidt 2008
1728:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1692:
1691:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1664:
1658:
1651:
1645:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1507:
1484:Akram al-Hawrani
1417:
1384:
1173:Munich Agreement
1132:Henry A. Byroade
1117:
865:Abdel Hakim Amer
835:Khaled Mohieddin
786:Arab nationalism
782:anti-imperialist
741:and abolish the
669:Kingdom of Egypt
607:
606:
589:
588:
573:
572:
564:Kingdom of Egypt
560:
559:
553:
552:
537:
536:
443:22 February 1958
217:
171:
162:
155:
154:Egypt after 1956
152:
145:
142:
128:
100:
84:
77:
59:
58:
57:
49:
41:
40:
30:
29:
21:
5874:
5873:
5869:
5868:
5867:
5865:
5864:
5863:
5824:Former kingdoms
5794:
5793:
5784:
5782:
5778:
5775:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5763:
5762:
5761:
5759:
5750:
5675:princely states
5623:
5559:Kingdom of Fiji
5532:
5278:Austria-Hungary
5246:
5009:
4943:
4742:
4728:Solomon Islands
4642:
4624:
4556:
4471:
4429:
4361:
4307:Democratization
4275:
4219:
4186:
4181:
4151:
4146:
4090:
4081:Public holidays
4071:National anthem
3924:
3837:Coptic Churches
3780:Egyptian Arabic
3690:Medical schools
3592:
3575:
3491:Nuclear program
3403:
3386:
3316:Nationality law
3309:Supreme Council
3294:Law enforcement
3226:
3209:
3185:Sinai Peninsula
3168:Red Sea Riviera
3067:
3046:
3022:
2924:
2811:1919 revolution
2799:Revolt of Cairo
2724:Ayyubid dynasty
2702:Tulunid dynasty
2586:
2573:
2567:
2537:
2527:
2525:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2489:
2477:
2469:
2467:
2458:
2440:
2418:
2396:
2378:
2354:
2329:
2307:
2282:
2277:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2226:
2217:
2209:
2205:
2197:
2193:
2185:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2161:
2157:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2133:
2125:
2121:
2113:
2109:
2101:
2094:
2051:
2047:
2038:
2036:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2014:
2012:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1989:
1987:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1965:
1963:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1943:
1927:
1923:
1880:
1876:
1865:
1861:
1850:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1826:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1796:
1795:
1788:
1780:
1771:
1764:
1748:
1737:
1729:
1722:
1714:
1710:
1702:
1695:
1684:
1680:
1665:
1661:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1621:
1619:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1599:
1583:
1579:
1564:
1560:
1551:
1549:
1539:
1535:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1406:
1378:
1376:
1314:On 28 October,
1305:flanking attack
1293:Sharm el-Sheikh
1269:Sharm el-Sheikh
1229:Egyptian forces
1224:
1218:
1203:Nasser assumed
1139:, the souks of
1109:
1091:Sinai Peninsula
1079:nationalization
1077:announcing the
1025:Eden government
1023:, and the UK's
983:
977:
949:
943:
938:
830:
727:
722:
716:
686:as well as the
661:Mohammed Naguib
648:
644:
638:
634:
628:
626:
604:
598:
586:
580:
557:
502:
492:
482:
461:
440:
427:
414:
401:
368:
356:
344:
332:
302:
290:
221:Egyptian Arabic
215:
182:
181:
169:
167:
160:
157:
156:
153:
146:
123:
120:Salam Affandina
110:
109:
108:
106:
101:
93:
92:
90:
85:
78:
60:
52:
51:
50:
43:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5872:
5862:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5806:
5785:30.050; 31.217
5756:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5749:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5728:
5723:
5718:
5713:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5679:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5637:
5631:
5629:
5625:
5624:
5622:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5606:
5601:
5596:
5591:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5540:
5538:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5433:Ottoman Empire
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5393:Kartli-Kakheti
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
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4814:
4809:
4804:
4802:Central Africa
4799:
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4779:
4774:
4769:
4763:
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4754:
4748:
4747:
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4738:United Kingdom
4735:
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4435:
4431:
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4428:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4395:Prince regnant
4392:
4391:
4390:
4380:
4375:
4369:
4367:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4312:Decolonization
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4274:
4273:
4268:
4266:Personal union
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4236:Constitutional
4233:
4227:
4225:
4221:
4220:
4218:
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4019:
4017:Football clubs
4009:
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3662:
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3655:
3650:
3640:
3635:
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3625:
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3613:Animal welfare
3610:
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3505:
3504:
3503:
3496:Power stations
3493:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3444:Egyptian pound
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3414:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3392:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3348:Prime Minister
3345:
3344:
3343:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3301:
3296:
3291:
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3259:
3254:
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3215:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3153:Northern coast
3150:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
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2903:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2884:Yom Kippur War
2876:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2835:
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2786:
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2762:
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2652:
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2635:
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2616:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2588:
2587:
2575:
2574:
2566:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2543:
2536:
2535:
2523:
2521:Transportation
2511:
2509:United Kingdom
2499:
2487:
2466:
2465:External links
2463:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2443:
2438:
2421:
2416:
2399:
2394:
2381:
2376:
2357:
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2327:
2310:
2305:
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2244:
2232:
2215:
2203:
2191:
2179:
2167:
2155:
2143:
2131:
2119:
2107:
2105:, pp. 193
2092:
2045:
2021:
1996:
1972:
1948:
1941:
1921:
1874:
1859:
1844:
1832:
1817:
1806:. 26 July 1956
1786:
1782:Jankowski 2001
1769:
1762:
1735:
1720:
1708:
1704:Dekmejian 1971
1693:
1678:
1659:
1646:
1637:
1628:
1604:
1597:
1591:. SUNY Press.
1577:
1566:Lahav, Pnina.
1558:
1533:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1480:Sabri al-Asali
1478:in Egypt, and
1375:
1372:
1324:Ilyushin Il-14
1320:Gloster Meteor
1242:pound sterling
1220:Main article:
1217:
1214:
1212:was restored.
1197:Hugh Gaitskell
1120:Movietone News
1071:British forces
979:Main article:
976:
973:
947:Mohamed Naguib
945:Main article:
942:
939:
937:
934:
897:Montaza Palace
878:Youssef Seddik
829:
826:
803:. The ongoing
764:including the
751:Mohamed Naguib
726:
723:
718:Main article:
715:
714:The Revolution
712:
710:independence.
663:following the
651:
650:
621:
617:
616:
613:
612:
609:
608:
601:
591:
590:
583:
570:
567:
566:
561:
549:
548:
543:
533:
532:
527:
521:
520:
518:Egyptian Pound
515:
511:
510:
507:
506:
503:
500:
497:
496:
493:
490:
487:
486:
483:
480:
477:
476:
473:
472:
466:
465:
462:
459:
456:
455:
449:
448:
445:
444:
441:
435:
432:
431:
428:
422:
419:
418:
415:
409:
406:
405:
402:
396:
393:
392:
389:
388:
383:
382:Historical era
379:
378:
375:
374:
369:
366:
363:
362:
360:Mohamed Naguib
357:
354:
351:
350:
345:
342:
339:
338:
336:Mohamed Naguib
333:
330:
327:
326:
323:
322:
319:
317:Prime Minister
313:
312:
309:
308:
303:
300:
297:
296:
294:Mohamed Naguib
291:
288:
285:
284:
281:
280:
277:
271:
270:
252:
246:
245:
240:
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233:
228:
224:
223:
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211:
206:
202:
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198:
194:
193:
188:
184:
183:
168:
159:
158:
147:
137:
136:
133:
132:
112:
111:
102:
95:
94:
86:
79:
72:
71:
70:
67:
66:
62:
61:
55:Jumhuriat Misr
36:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5871:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
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5842:
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5837:
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5827:
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5810:
5807:
5805:
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5799:
5792:
5789:
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5739:
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5712:
5709:
5707:
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5699:
5697:
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5683:
5680:
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5664:
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5567:
5565:
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5560:
5557:
5555:
5554:Easter Island
5552:
5550:
5547:
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5541:
5539:
5535:
5529:
5526:
5524:
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5499:
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5491:
5489:
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5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5255:
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5249:
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5241:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
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5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
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5180:
5176:
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5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5093:Jabal Shammar
5091:
5089:
5086:
5083:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5073:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
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5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5012:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4952:
4950:
4946:
4940:
4939:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4764:
4762:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4693:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4649:
4645:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4585:Liechtenstein
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4553:
4552:
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4528:
4526:
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4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4478:
4474:
4468:
4467:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4443:
4439:
4436:
4432:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4389:
4388:Queen regnant
4386:
4385:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4370:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4347:Republicanism
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4327:Head of state
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4261:Non-sovereign
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4228:
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4222:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
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4192:
4189:
4185:
4178:
4173:
4171:
4166:
4164:
4159:
4158:
4155:
4143:
4135:
4133:
4125:
4123:
4119:
4115:
4113:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4010:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
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3822:Blasphemy law
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3808:
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3790:Sign Language
3788:
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3785:Saʽidi Arabic
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3422:National Bank
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2748:Ottoman Egypt
2746:
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2512:
2510:
2500:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2459:
2457:1-902210-20-4
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2444:
2441:
2439:1-58826-034-8
2435:
2431:
2427:
2422:
2419:
2413:
2409:
2406:, Aldershot:
2405:
2400:
2397:
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2364:
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2324:
2320:
2317:, Princeton:
2316:
2311:
2308:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2284:
2283:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2248:
2242:, p. 163
2241:
2236:
2229:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2212:
2207:
2201:, p. 190
2200:
2195:
2189:, p. 158
2188:
2183:
2176:
2171:
2164:
2159:
2152:
2147:
2141:, p. 200
2140:
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2128:
2123:
2117:, p. 198
2116:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2097:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2049:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1962:
1961:www.nam.ac.uk
1958:
1952:
1944:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1878:
1870:
1863:
1855:
1848:
1841:
1836:
1830:, p. 108
1829:
1824:
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1805:
1804:
1799:
1793:
1791:
1783:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1765:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1746:
1744:
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1740:
1733:, p. 162
1732:
1727:
1725:
1718:, p. 149
1717:
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1296:
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1291:was based at
1290:
1289:Tiran Straits
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1253:
1249:
1245:
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1238:US government
1235:
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1034:
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1026:
1022:
1016:
1014:
1011:of Nasser in
1010:
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982:
972:
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966:
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948:
933:
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919:Egyptian Army
916:
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836:
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802:
798:
793:
791:
790:non-alignment
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
758:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
735:Free Officers
732:
721:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
680:
678:
674:
670:
667:in which the
666:
662:
658:
647:
642:
637:
632:
625:
622:
620:Today part of
618:
602:
600:
597:
593:
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584:
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579:
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562:
555:
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544:
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539:
538:
534:
531:
528:
526:
525:ISO 3166 code
522:
519:
516:
512:
508:
504:
498:
494:
488:
484:
478:
474:
471:
467:
463:
457:
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442:
439:
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429:
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420:
416:
413:
407:
403:
400:
394:
390:
387:
386:Arab Cold War
384:
380:
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370:
364:
361:
358:
352:
349:
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328:
324:
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210:
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199:
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185:
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175:
166:
151:
141:
134:
121:
117:
113:
105:
99:
89:
83:
76:
68:
63:
56:
47:
31:
19:
5760:
5731:South Africa
5726:Sierra Leone
5673:
5503:Two Sicilies
5438:Papal States
5238:
5177:
5070:
4936:
4696:Cook Islands
4549:
4535:Saudi Arabia
4464:
3968:Coat of arms
3938:Architecture
3827:Christianity
3807:Prostitution
3753:Human rights
3712:Abaza family
3700:Universities
3665:Demographics
3618:Billionaires
3262:Constitution
3257:Conscription
3240:Governorates
3121:Halfaya Pass
2991:1954–present
2951:Constitution
2906:2010s Crisis
2818:World War II
2780:Urabi revolt
2697:Islamization
2631:31st Dynasty
2626:27th Dynasty
2447:
2425:
2403:
2385:
2366:, New York:
2362:
2339:
2314:
2291:
2267:February 24,
2265:. Retrieved
2256:
2247:
2240:Aburish 2004
2235:
2228:Aburish 2004
2211:Aburish 2004
2206:
2199:Dawisha 2009
2194:
2187:Aburish 2004
2182:
2175:Dawisha 2009
2170:
2158:
2151:Aburish 2004
2146:
2139:Dawisha 2009
2134:
2127:Dawisha 2009
2122:
2115:Dawisha 2009
2110:
2103:Dawisha 2009
2062:
2058:
2048:
2037:. Retrieved
2033:
2024:
2013:. Retrieved
2011:. 2023-11-14
2008:
1999:
1988:. Retrieved
1984:
1975:
1964:. Retrieved
1960:
1951:
1931:
1924:
1891:
1887:
1877:
1862:
1847:
1842:, p. 96
1835:
1828:Aburish 2004
1808:. Retrieved
1801:
1784:, p. 68
1752:
1711:
1706:, p. 45
1686:Britannica.
1681:
1673:The Guardian
1672:
1662:
1654:
1649:
1640:
1631:
1620:. Retrieved
1616:
1607:
1587:
1580:
1571:
1561:
1550:. Retrieved
1546:
1536:
1519:
1515:
1505:
1492:
1472:
1429:
1389:
1368:
1364:fifth column
1348:Israeli-Arab
1329:
1313:
1309:
1297:
1277:Abu Uwayulah
1258:
1246:
1225:
1209:
1202:
1189:Nuri al-Said
1178:
1164:Commonwealth
1161:
1125:
1068:
1053:
1041:Maoist China
1029:Baghdad Pact
1017:
1002:
990:
969:house arrest
958:
927:crown prince
923:
912:
903:and fled to
890:
851:
831:
809:Palestinians
794:
759:
728:
681:
656:
654:
649:(Until 1956)
595:
577:
546:Succeeded by
545:
540:
501:• 1958
491:• 1955
481:• 1953
460:• Total
417:23 July 1952
404:18 June 1953
355:• 1954
343:• 1954
197:Largest city
164:
115:
104:Coat of arms
5783: /
5670:British Raj
5642:(Sri Lanka)
5528:Württemberg
5240:South Yemen
5128:Maguindanao
5021:Afghanistan
4782:Barotseland
4718:Saint Lucia
4691:New Zealand
4600:Netherlands
4373:Chhatrapati
4357:Sovereignty
4297:Aristocracy
4132:WikiProject
3893:Scientology
3763:LGBT rights
3685:Law schools
3469:Lighthouses
3412:Agriculture
3141:Mount Sinai
3101:Earthquakes
2901:Mubarak era
2872:Six-Day War
2862:Suez Crisis
2857:Land reform
2604:Prehistoric
2428:, Boulder:
1440:North Yemen
1283:), and the
1222:Suez Crisis
1193:Guy Millard
1037:recognition
1005:pan-Arabist
839:Anwar Sadat
817:Suez Crisis
778:nationalist
733:led by the
700:South Sudan
646:South Sudan
541:Preceded by
425:Suez Crisis
178:Condominium
107:(1953–1958)
91:(1953–1958)
39:جمهورية مصر
5798:Categories
5736:Tanganyika
5651:The Gambia
5579:Niuē-Fekai
5518:Yugoslavia
5418:Montenegro
5225:Upper Yafa
5220:Upper Asir
4857:Madagascar
4590:Luxembourg
4322:Government
4287:Abdication
4256:Hereditary
4184:Monarchies
4044:Newspapers
4034:Mass media
3886:Synagogues
3854:Irreligion
3802:Literature
3797:Liberalism
3736:Healthcare
3638:Corruption
3321:Parliament
3252:Corruption
3247:Civil Code
3190:Suez Canal
3148:Nile Delta
3033:Alexandria
3003:Population
2998:Parliament
2966:Healthcare
2847:Nasser era
2621:Achaemenid
2596:Chronology
2342:, Albany:
2163:Podeh 1999
2039:2023-12-14
2015:2023-12-14
1990:2023-12-14
1966:2023-12-14
1840:Hamad 2008
1716:James 2008
1622:2023-12-14
1552:2024-01-28
1497:References
1393:contiguity
1352:Kafr Qasim
1340:Green Line
1285:Gaza Strip
1281:Abu Ageila
1265:Pentateuch
1210:status quo
1128:Arab world
1075:Alexandria
930:Ahmed Fuad
914:al-Mahrusa
893:Alexandria
821:Suez Canal
801:Arab world
766:Suez Canal
688:Gaza Strip
641:Until 1956
631:Gaza Strip
505:25,209,459
495:23,223,124
485:22,028,134
470:Population
250:Government
238:Demonym(s)
5706:Mauritius
5599:Rarotonga
5584:Nuku Hiva
5574:Mangareva
5549:Bora Bora
5428:Neuchâtel
5398:Lithuania
5303:Catalonia
5190:Sri Lanka
5143:Manchukuo
5118:Kurdistan
5072:Indonesia
4995:Talamanca
4955:Araucanía
4938:and other
4917:Wassoulou
4661:Australia
4337:Oligarchy
4039:Magazines
4029:Egyptians
3864:Ahmadiyya
3775:Languages
3741:Hospitals
3675:Education
3542:Transport
3501:Aswan Dam
3429:Companies
3370:Terrorism
3336:President
3299:Massacres
3289:Judiciary
3267:Elections
3136:Mountains
3065:Geography
3043:Port Said
2986:1939–1954
2981:1928–1938
2936:Anarchism
2879:Sadat era
2823:Sultanate
2770:Khedivate
2670:Christian
2638:Ptolemaic
2087:162845802
2079:0018-246X
1916:162845802
1908:0018-246X
1528:0081-0606
1436:Imam Badr
1344:West Bank
1342:with the
1181:Faisal II
1141:Marrakesh
1049:Aswan Dam
965:president
886:air force
869:Mohieddin
858:communist
627:Palestine
275:President
265:Nasserist
227:Religion
65:1953–1958
5721:Rhodesia
5716:Pakistan
5635:Barbados
5604:Rimatara
5594:Rapa Iti
5523:Valencia
5498:Tavolara
5488:Scotland
5453:Portugal
5413:Moldavia
5298:Bulgaria
5293:Brittany
5268:Asturias
5148:Mongolia
5138:Maldives
5000:Trinidad
4990:Suriname
4948:Americas
4932:Zimbabwe
4927:Zanzibar
4912:Wituland
4887:Ngazidja
4882:Ndzuwani
4817:Ethiopia
4540:Thailand
4520:Malaysia
4500:Cambodia
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5537:Oceania
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5463:Romania
5458:Prussia
5423:Navarre
5403:Majorca
5383:Ireland
5378:Imereti
5373:Iceland
5368:Hungary
5363:Hanover
5358:Granada
5348:Germany
5343:Georgia
5338:Galicia
5328:Finland
5318:Corsica
5313:Cilicia
5283:Bavaria
5273:Austria
5258:Albania
5230:Vietnam
5173:Sarawak
5163:Qu'aiti
5098:Kathiri
5061:Dapitan
5036:Bukhara
4985:Miskito
4907:Tunisia
4897:Shilluk
4807:Dahomey
4797:Burundi
4787:Bagirmi
4767:Adamawa
4686:Jamaica
4681:Grenada
4666:Bahamas
4630:Oceania
4580:Denmark
4575:Belgium
4570:Andorra
4485:Bahrain
4460:Morocco
4455:Lesotho
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4425:Pharaoh
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4317:Dynasty
4271:Regency
4251:Federal
4241:Diarchy
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4005:regions
3973:Cuisine
3958:Castles
3930:Culture
3900:Smoking
3881:Judaism
3869:Mosques
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3601:General
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2584:History
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1810:4 March
1547:newarab
1421:Quwatli
1087:company
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436:•
423:•
410:•
397:•
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5288:Bosnia
5263:Aragon
5251:Europe
5215:Taiwan
5185:Sikkim
5168:Ryukyu
5153:Najran
5051:Chehab
5031:Bengal
4980:Mexico
4965:Brazil
4892:Rwanda
4872:Maravi
4772:Ankole
4760:Africa
4752:Former
4733:Tuvalu
4676:Canada
4671:Belize
4615:Sweden
4605:Norway
4595:Monaco
4562:Europe
4515:Kuwait
4510:Jordan
4495:Brunei
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4442:Africa
4415:Sultan
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4280:Topics
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3731:Health
3479:Mining
3449:Energy
3173:Rivers
3086:Cities
3008:Postal
2789:Modern
2734:Mamluk
2692:Fustat
2682:Muslim
2614:topics
2572:topics
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739:Farouk
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5701:Malta
5691:Kenya
5666:India
5656:Ghana
5483:Savoy
5473:Samos
5388:Italy
5235:Yemen
5210:Tibet
5205:Syria
5158:Nepal
5133:Mahra
5113:Kumul
5108:Korea
5103:Khiva
5082:Qajar
5066:Hejaz
5056:China
5041:Burma
4970:Haiti
4960:Aztec
4877:Mwali
4867:Maore
4847:Libya
4842:Kongo
4837:Kaffa
4832:Gumma
4827:Gomma
4822:Ghana
4812:Egypt
4792:Bornu
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4638:Tonga
4610:Spain
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4505:Japan
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3920:Women
3874:Niqāb
3859:Islam
3643:Crime
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3200:Wadis
3158:Oases
3131:Lakes
3076:Biota
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2956:Copts
2765:Nahda
2655:Roman
2570:Egypt
2533:Egypt
2083:S2CID
1912:S2CID
1456:Saudi
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5026:Asir
5014:Asia
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4551:list
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