267:, who is known from an inscription where he is claimed to have been part of the Tiberian-Julian dynasty. Though the dating of the Douptounos inscription is debated, one relatively widely accepted date is 483, nearly a century and a half after Rhescuporis VI. It is evident that the Bosporan Kingdom was in deep political crisis in the time of Rhescuporis VI but archaeological data also shows that life went on in the cities of the kingdom and even indicate a recovering economy. Although the evidence is limited, it is as a result considered unlikely that the line of Bosporan kings came to an end for over a century.
238:
sign to his otherwise traditional
Bosporan coinage. Coins from the last two years of Theothorses's reign are rarer than in preceding years which could indicate internal trouble in the kingdom, perhaps conflict either with the Bosporan aristocracy or Roman authorities owing to his non-dynastic rise to the throne. The Iranian origin of the names and the Sarmatian sign on Theothorses's coins is not wholly convincing evidence since the Tiberian-Julian dynasty itself was of partly Sarmatian origin (Rhescuporis for instance being a name of Sarmatian origin) and tamgas were frequently used symbols in the kingdom.
278:. Constantine's writings describe a post-Rhescuporis VI conflict with the Bosporans which is won by the Romans and notes that this victory meant that "the kingship of the Sauromati finished", a line interpreted by Garnett as suggesting that Rhescuporis VI was succeeded by two kings named Sauromates. Modern scholars consider such a reconstruction overly speculative.
346:. Gordas converted to Christianity under Justinian's sponsorship at Constantinople in 527, but was killed in a revolt upon his return home owing to his attempts at forcible conversion of his supporters and the populace. After Gordas's death, a Roman army was sent to the Bosporus which quelled the uprising and established imperial control there.
29:
242:
the
Bosporan Kingdom. Traditionally the Bosporan Kingdom is believed to have been destroyed by the Goths and the Huns at the end of his reign but there is no evidence for this. Bosporan coin troves from the early 4th century throughout the territory of the kingdom are likely connected to the activity of Iranian
319:
fought and then allied with the "Goths-tetraxites" in the Crimea, the Goths still ruled the region by this point. Eventually, the Goths appear to have left or been driven away from the
Bosporus, leading to the resumption of Hellenistic rule under figures like Douptounos, who re-oriented the kingdom
314:
The period of Gothic rule was likely followed by a Hunnic invasion; whether the
Bosporan Kingdom was temporarily destroyed or became an autonomous vassal state of the Hunnic Empire is not clear. After the Huns suffered defeats in the 450s and 460s, the Bosporus region, like other lands under Hunnic
241:
The end of
Rhescuporis VI's reign is generally connected by historians to the end of Bosporan coin production in 341, though there are no surviving sources to confirm this. Given that sources on the Bosporus from after 341 nearly non-existent, Rhescuporis VI is often referred to as the last king of
237:
It has been pointed out, for instance by
Astakhov (2021), that Rhadamsades and Theothorses are Iranian names and that these two kings might thus not have been genuine representatives of the Tiberian-Julian dynasty. Further indicating an Iranian origin for Theothorses is the addition of a Sarmatian
320:
towards the Roman Empire as a client state. Beyond
Douptounos use of Rome-friendly epithets and the assumption of the names Tiberius and Julius, alignment towards Rome is also indicated by the presence of coins from the reigns of emperors
281:
If
Rhescuporis VI was overthrown by a Sarmatian or Alan leader, he may have been succeeded as king by a Sarmatian or Alan nobleman. After a short-lived Sarmatian-Alanian dynasty, it is apparent that the
509:"Evolution of the Composition of Monetary Alloys of Ancient Greek States on the Black Sea Shores Based on the Data of X-Ray Fluorescent Spectroscopy with the Example of Bosporos Cimmerian"
230:). The relationship between Rhescuporis VI and his immediate predecessors (and co-ruler in the case of Rhadamsades) is not outlined in any surviving source. The French genealogist
783:
850:
386:
250:
tribes in the region; the increasing power and influence of these tribes suggest that
Rhescuporis VI might have been overthrown by a Sarmatian or Alan tribal leader.
609:"Literary Tradition and Epigraphical Evidence : Constantine Porphyrogenitus' Information on the Bosporan Kingdom of Emperor Diocletian Reconsidered"
176:. Little is known of the background and reign of Rhescuporis VI; he began his tenure as king through either co-rule or competition with his predecessor
943:
865:
916:
430:
Vlasov, Vladimir; Smokotina, Anna; Khrapunov, Igor (2013). "The
Cultural Layer Overlying the Cemetery of Neyzats". In Khrapunov, Igor (ed.).
264:
964:
1205:
790:
456:
Scythians and Greeks: A Survey of Ancient History and Archaeology on the North Coast of the Euxine from the Danube to the Caucasus
1225:
799:
744:
39:
715:
649:
588:
560:
302:("king of the Goths") requests a new bishop to the Bosporus; the only sufficiently powerful state in the region to support a
208:(coins) and archaeological data, which places him as ruling from 314 to 341. His reign overlaps with the other Bosporan king
406:
315:
rule, probably became fully independent once more. As evidenced by the 6th-century Roman author Procopius writing that the
387:"Changes in the Ethnic Pictures and its Impact on the Internal Political Situation in the Bosporus after Rheskuporis VI"
581:
Continuité des élites à Byzance durant les siècles obscurs: les princes caucasiens et l'Empire du VI:e au IX:e siècle
1124:
1215:
1184:
1139:
1134:
1003:
921:
1169:
1154:
1119:
1094:
1030:
1109:
1099:
295:
638:
Butyagin, Alexander M. (2007). "The History of the Northern Black Sea Region". In Trofimova, A. A. (ed.).
1220:
1179:
1174:
1149:
1084:
753:
737:
220:
209:
177:
109:
57:
475:"A Hoard of Bosporan Coins in the Period Third Century BC to AD 238 from Ancient Gorgippia (Anapa) 1987"
1159:
1144:
1129:
180:
until 322. Rhescuporis VI reign came to an end around 341, when he might have been overthrown by the
1164:
1104:
1064:
1046:
1035:
1024:
1019:
1008:
992:
982:
938:
639:
271:
342:) in the Crimea. By the time of Justinian I, the ruler of the Bosporan realm was the Hunnish king
234:
believes Rhescuporis VI to have been the younger brother of Rhadamsades and a son of Theothorses.
1114:
1089:
1056:
776:
270:
Some attempts have been made to reconstruct the line of successors to Rhescuporis VI, notably by
201:
173:
99:
987:
666:
928:
811:
131:
608:
1070:
880:
667:"The Question of Continuity in the Late Classical Bosporus On the Basis of Numismatic Data"
8:
1210:
1041:
974:
885:
576:
290:
380. That there was a Gothic takeover is among other evidence clear from a 404 letter to
231:
169:
832:
711:
686:
645:
584:
556:
528:
486:
435:
803:
768:
678:
620:
520:
402:
398:
158:
188:, groups which at the time were becoming increasingly influential and powerful in
705:
550:
454:
291:
275:
142:
1230:
1014:
998:
933:
122:
524:
1199:
895:
890:
690:
532:
490:
439:
682:
508:
263:
The next well-attested king of the Bosporan Kingdom after Rhescuporis VI is
948:
900:
870:
624:
840:
332:
205:
28:
474:
1079:
875:
819:
274:
in the late 19th century, through the writings of 10th-century emperor
243:
181:
910:
905:
860:
845:
855:
321:
316:
303:
94:
343:
189:
283:
247:
185:
429:
204:, Rhescuporis VI's reign can be dated precisely through
641:
Greeks on the Black Sea: Ancient Art from the Hermitage
286:
took power over at least parts of the Bosporan Kingdom
459:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 609.
798:
552:
The Ancient & Classical World, 600 B.C.-A.D. 650
172:, and the last known representative of its ancient
136:
253:
1197:
472:
784:
671:Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia
583:(in French). Paris: De Boccard. p. 408.
791:
777:
27:
575:
548:
506:
637:
473:Frolova, Nina; Ireland, Stanley (1995).
384:
664:
1198:
703:
772:
606:
452:
380:
378:
309:
157:, is the last well-known king of the
707:Encyclopedia of the Byzantine Empire
602:
600:
555:. Hawkins Publications. p. 69.
544:
542:
502:
500:
468:
466:
425:
423:
376:
374:
372:
370:
368:
366:
364:
362:
360:
358:
385:Astakhov, Ivan Alekseevich (2021).
13:
391:Laplage em Revista (International)
14:
1242:
597:
539:
497:
463:
432:Exploring the Cemetery of Neyzats
420:
355:
1206:Monarchs of the Bosporan Kingdom
697:
658:
337:
326:
225:
214:
163:
67:
1226:4th-century monarchs in Europe
631:
569:
446:
403:10.24115/S2446-6220202173A1397
254:Fate of the Bospororan Kingdom
174:Tiberian-Julian ruling dynasty
1:
613:Dialogues d'histoire ancienne
349:
287:
258:
219:), who in turn had succeeded
200:The last known member of the
138:Tiberios Ioulios Rheskoúporis
296:archbishop of Constantinople
127:Τιβέριος Ἰούλιος Ῥησκούπορις
7:
549:Mitchiner, Michael (1978).
137:
10:
1247:
710:. McFarland. p. 137.
434:. DOLYA Publishing House.
306:was the Bosporan Kingdom.
1055:
973:
957:
831:
810:
759:
742:
734:
729:
704:Lawler, Jennifer (2015).
525:10.1134/S1063774518060299
507:Smekalova, T. N. (2018).
126:
105:
93:
85:
81:
73:
63:
53:
45:
38:
26:
21:
607:Nadel, Benjamin (1977).
479:The Numismatic Chronicle
453:Minns, Ellis H. (1913).
195:
1057:Tiberian-Julian dynasty
683:10.1163/157005799X00188
513:Crystallography Reports
202:Tiberian-Julian dynasty
153:and sometimes known as
644:. Getty Publications.
33:Coin of Rhescuporis VI
1216:Roman client monarchs
812:Archaeanactid dynasty
625:10.3406/dha.1977.2690
77:Rhadamsades (314–322)
745:King of the Bosporus
665:Frolova, N. (1999).
577:Settipani, Christian
155:Rhescuporis the Last
40:King of the Bosporus
16:King of the Bosporus
975:Mithridatic dynasty
232:Christian Settipani
1221:3rd-century births
310:End of the kingdom
170:Roman client state
1193:
1192:
833:Spartocid dynasty
767:
766:
760:Succeeded by
717:978-1-4766-0929-4
651:978-0-89236-883-9
590:978-2-7018-0226-8
562:978-0-904173-16-1
135:
116:
115:
1238:
925:
804:Bosporan Kingdom
793:
786:
779:
770:
769:
735:Preceded by
727:
726:
722:
721:
701:
695:
694:
662:
656:
655:
635:
629:
628:
604:
595:
594:
573:
567:
566:
546:
537:
536:
519:(6): 1043–1050.
504:
495:
494:
470:
461:
460:
450:
444:
443:
427:
418:
417:
415:
414:
405:. Archived from
382:
341:
339:
330:
328:
289:
229:
227:
218:
216:
167:
165:
159:Bosporan Kingdom
140:
130:
128:
31:
19:
18:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1196:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1125:Rhescuporis III
1085:Mithridates III
1051:
969:
953:
919:
827:
806:
797:
763:
750:
748:
740:
725:
718:
702:
698:
663:
659:
652:
636:
632:
605:
598:
591:
574:
570:
563:
547:
540:
505:
498:
471:
464:
451:
447:
428:
421:
412:
410:
397:(3A): 245–252.
383:
356:
352:
336:
325:
312:
292:John Chrysostom
276:Constantine VII
272:Richard Garnett
261:
256:
224:
213:
198:
162:
100:Tiberian-Julian
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1244:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1185:Rhescuporis VI
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1140:Rhescuporis IV
1137:
1135:Sauromates III
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1095:Rhescuporis II
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1074:
1067:
1061:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1033:
1022:
1017:
1006:
1004:Mithridates II
1001:
990:
985:
979:
977:
971:
970:
968:
967:
961:
959:
955:
954:
952:
951:
946:
941:
936:
934:Paerisades III
931:
926:
914:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
837:
835:
829:
828:
826:
825:
822:
816:
814:
808:
807:
796:
795:
788:
781:
773:
765:
764:
761:
758:
741:
736:
732:
731:
730:Regnal titles
724:
723:
716:
696:
677:(3): 179–205.
657:
650:
630:
596:
589:
568:
561:
538:
496:
462:
445:
419:
353:
351:
348:
340: 527–565
329: 518–527
311:
308:
260:
257:
255:
252:
228: 279–309
217: 309–322
197:
194:
166: 314–341
143:transliterated
119:Rhescuporis VI
114:
113:
107:
103:
102:
97:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
79:
78:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
47:
43:
42:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
22:Rhescuporis VI
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1243:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1170:Sauromates IV
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1155:Rhescuporis V
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1120:Sauromates II
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:Rhescuporis I
1075:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
983:Mithridates I
981:
980:
978:
976:
972:
966:
963:
962:
960:
958:Scythian rule
956:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
939:Paerisades IV
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
923:
918:
915:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
896:Paerisades II
894:
892:
891:Spartocus III
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
838:
836:
834:
830:
824:Unknown kings
823:
821:
818:
817:
815:
813:
809:
805:
801:
794:
789:
787:
782:
780:
775:
774:
771:
757:
755:
747:
746:
739:
733:
728:
719:
713:
709:
708:
700:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
661:
653:
647:
643:
642:
634:
626:
622:
619:(1): 87–114.
618:
614:
610:
603:
601:
592:
586:
582:
578:
572:
564:
558:
554:
553:
545:
543:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
503:
501:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
469:
467:
458:
457:
449:
441:
437:
433:
426:
424:
409:on 2022-09-10
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
381:
379:
377:
375:
373:
371:
369:
367:
365:
363:
361:
359:
354:
347:
345:
334:
323:
318:
307:
305:
301:
300:rex Gothiorum
298:, in which a
297:
293:
285:
279:
277:
273:
268:
266:
251:
249:
245:
239:
235:
233:
222:
211:
207:
203:
193:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
139:
133:
124:
120:
111:
108:
104:
101:
98:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
48:
44:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
1110:Rhoemetalces
1100:Sauromates I
1038:
1027:
1011:
995:
949:Paerisades V
944:Spartocus VI
901:Spartocus IV
871:Paerisades I
866:Spartocus II
751:
743:
706:
699:
674:
670:
660:
640:
633:
616:
612:
580:
571:
551:
516:
512:
482:
478:
455:
448:
431:
411:. Retrieved
407:the original
394:
390:
313:
299:
280:
269:
262:
240:
236:
199:
154:
151:Rheskouporis
150:
146:
118:
117:
1180:Rhadamsades
1175:Theothorses
1150:Ininthimeus
920: [
917:Spartokos V
841:Spartocus I
754:Rhadamsades
738:Rhadamsades
333:Justinian I
221:Theothorses
210:Rhadamsades
178:Rhadamsades
147:Rheskuporis
110:Theothorses
58:Rhadamsades
54:Predecessor
1211:342 deaths
1200:Categories
1160:Pharsanzes
1145:Chedosbius
1080:Gepaepyris
1071:Polemon II
1031:Scribonius
876:Satyrus II
820:Archaeanax
413:2022-05-07
350:References
265:Douptounos
259:Succession
206:numismatic
182:Sarmatians
1130:Cotys III
1042:Polemon I
988:Pharnaces
929:Camasarye
911:Hygiaenon
906:Leucon II
861:Gorgippus
846:Satyrus I
756:(314–322)
691:0929-077X
533:1562-689X
491:0078-2696
485:: 21–42.
440:1893-2134
244:Sarmatian
132:romanized
74:Co-regent
64:Successor
1165:Teiranes
1105:Cotys II
1065:Aspurgus
965:Saumacus
913:(regent)
881:Prytanis
856:Leucon I
851:Seleucus
800:Monarchs
579:(2006).
322:Justin I
141:), also
1115:Eupator
1090:Cotys I
1047:Dynamis
1036:Dynamis
1025:Dynamis
1020:Dynamis
1015:Asander
1009:Dynamis
999:Asander
993:Dynamis
886:Eumelus
802:of the
762:Unknown
749:314–341
317:Utigurs
304:diocese
134::
95:Dynasty
89:341 (?)
68:Unknown
49:314–341
714:
689:
648:
587:
559:
531:
489:
438:
344:Gordas
331:) and
190:Crimea
106:Father
1231:Julii
924:]
752:with
284:Goths
196:Reign
186:Alans
168:), a
123:Greek
46:Reign
1039:with
1028:with
1012:with
996:with
712:ISBN
687:ISSN
646:ISBN
585:ISBN
557:ISBN
529:ISSN
487:ISSN
436:ISSN
248:Alan
246:and
86:Died
679:doi
621:doi
521:doi
483:155
399:doi
184:or
149:or
145:as
112:(?)
1202::
922:ru
685:.
673:.
669:.
615:.
611:.
599:^
541:^
527:.
517:63
515:.
511:.
499:^
481:.
477:.
465:^
422:^
393:.
389:.
357:^
338:r.
327:r.
294:,
288:c.
226:r.
215:r.
192:.
164:r.
129:,
125::
1073:)
1069:(
792:e
785:t
778:v
720:.
693:.
681::
675:5
654:.
627:.
623::
617:3
593:.
565:.
535:.
523::
493:.
442:.
416:.
401::
395:7
335:(
324:(
223:(
212:(
161:(
121:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
