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then he should deserve all the obloquy and discredit attaching to the failure of light works. … Mr
Whitwell had spoken of his character as a maker of cheap railways, but in giving a cheap Eden Valley railway he had relied entirely upon the easy district, and not on inferiority of the works. The line would be carried out in the most permanent and substantial manner possible.
492:, the Peebles line being described in his obituary as "long the pattern for cheap construction". This could leave over-optimistic clients with a railway designed and built to a price and not making enough money to support proper maintenance (and hence laying up problems for itself as an accident on the St Andrews Railway showed).
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The works were all of a light and inexpensive character, and if he gave them a first-class railway, - one upon which any speed attainable by a locomotive engine could be run with perfect safety and ease - if he gave it without any extravagance, then he should only have done his duty, but if he failed
581:
The inquiry concluded that the bridge was "badly designed, badly built, and badly maintained". The entire "high girders" section, in which trains ran inside the girders rather than on top of them, fell during the accident, taking the train with it. Analysis of the archives has shown that the design,
479:
Elsewhere, Bouch's forte was cheapness, and an ability to construct branch lines at a capital cost that might allow them to pay their way, especially if operated frugally (In 1854 Bouch advised the directors of the
Peebles Railway that the company should work the line themselves, as they could do so
745:, "the profession has to lament one who, though perhaps carrying his works nearer to the margin of safety than many others would have done, displayed boldness, originality and resource in a high degree, and bore a distinguished part in the later development of the railway system".
396:
Bouch then set up on his own as a railway engineer, working chiefly in
Scotland and Northern England. Lines he designed include four connecting lines all built by separate companies, which together allowed a direct connection between the West Cumbrian
730:, "his health", already not good, "more rapidly gave way... under the shock and distress of mind" caused by the disaster. However he kept offices in Edinburgh, at 111 George Street, his Edinburgh address being 6 Oxford Terrace, near
387:
to settle any dispute over priority of invention with the observation that "there was little merit in a simple conception of this kind, compared with a work practically carried out in all its details, and brought to perfection."
526:
Bouch returned repeatedly to the problem of bridging the two great East Coast firths. Eventually authorisation was given to bridge both the Tay and the Forth; in both cases Bouch was the engineer selected to design the bridge.
476:. A contemporary treatise on iron bridges praised the detailed engineering of the Belah viaduct piers (and described the viaduct as one of the lightest and cheapest of the kind that had ever been erected.)
471:
He made considerable use of lattice girder bridges, both with conventional masonry piers and with iron lattice piers; the most notable examples of the latter being on the
Stainmore line: the Deepdale and
324:, in which 75 people are believed to have died as a result of defects in design, construction and maintenance, for all of which Bouch was held responsible. He died within 18 months of being knighted.
638:
girders were re-used in the new double track bridge by cutting them in half and re-welding to form wider structures for the track. The brick and masonry piers from the old bridge were left as
586:
columns with integral lugs holding the tie bars, was a critical mistake, because cast iron is brittle under tension. Many similar bridges had been built using cast-iron columns and
570:
The subsequent public inquiry revealed that the contractors to the railway company sacrificed safety and durability to save costs. Sloppy work practices, such as poor
343:
Bouch's father (a retired sea-captain) kept the Ship Inn at
Thursby and Thomas was educated locally (Thursby and then Carlisle) before at the age of 17 beginning his
379:
in Fife (3 February 1850.) Others had had similar ideas, but Bouch put them into effect, and did so with an attention to detail (such as design of the
496:
737:
He died at his house in Moffat on 30 October 1880 a few months after the public inquiry into the disaster finished. He is buried very close by, in
462:
His response to a toast at a dinner after the cutting of the first sod on the Eden
Railway gave his philosophy on the engineering of those lines:
332:
413:
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601:, conveyed the impression that he "was aptly named", implying that he had no real influence over the design and construction.
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in 1869, which opened in 1871. The structure rusted badly and by 1917 was uneconomic to repair and was demolished.
17:
515:, County Durham, which at 700 feet (210 m) long and using a 12-arch design constructed in brick, carried the
356:
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After the inquiry, Bouch rapidly removed and reinforced similar lugs on the new bridge he had built, the
68:
567:, when it was hit by strong side winds. A train was travelling over it at the time, and 75 people died.
440:(50 miles, completed 1861 (Barnard Castle – Tebay) 1863 (remainder), total cost £666,879) This included
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built many such bridges in France in the 1860s, some surviving and still carrying railway traffic.
630:
The remains of the original Tay bridge were demolished and replaced by an entirely new design by
46:
936:
662:, had been accepted and the foundation stone laid, but the project was cancelled following the
639:
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Being the engineer, Thomas Bouch was blamed for the collapse of the Tay bridge. His assistant,
571:
535:
520:
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while working for the North
British Railway, and the official opening took place in May 1878.
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853:; not to be confused with the lawyer (his son)who represented Bouch at the Tay Bridge Inquiry
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a road bridge across the Tyne at the same height as and not far upstream of
Stephenson's
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499:, laid out tramway systems in Edinburgh, Glasgow, Dundee and London, and designed the
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dropped into the estuary during construction, were factors in the bridge's collapse.
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Bouch also seems to have been involved in the design of pleasure piers. He designed
563:
in recognition of his achievement. The bridge collapsed on 28 December 1879, in the
619:
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service in the world. Subsequently as a consulting engineer, he helped develop the
302:
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mines and the area served by the
Stockton and Darlington (which was behind them):
367:. He introduced the first roll-on roll-off train ferries in the world, across the
949:
898:
A Regional
History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume XIV The Lake Counties
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in railway bridges. He was knighted after the successful completion of the first
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much more economically than a large undertaking.) Examples included branches to
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951:
Complete Treatise on Cast and Wrought Iron Bridge Construction &c Volume 1
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870:
A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain: Volume IV The North East
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458:(31 miles (including 135 bridges), completed 1864, constructed for £267,000)
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622:, but after another inspection, the bridge was demolished and replaced.
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921:"Cutting the First Sod of the Eden Valley Railway by Lord Brougham".
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355:(1844–45) he was for four years one of the Resident Engineers on the
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gives the clearest idea of what these looked like when done properly
666:. One of the piers still remains at the site. A different design, a
451:(Kirkby Stephen to Penrith, 22 miles, completed 1862, cost £204,803)
35:
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175 feet (53 m) above Hownsgill. Today it forms part of the
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Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers
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career as assistant to one of the engineers constructing the
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Institution of Civil Engineers (Associate 1850, Member 1858)
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travelled over it in late June 1879, and she awarded him a
359:, leaving in 1849 to become manager and engineer of the
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tie bars, but none used that particular design detail.
320:, but his reputation was destroyed by the subsequent
277:; 25 February 1822 – 30 October 1880) was a British
263:
260:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
900:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. p. 270.
872:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. p. 237.
1017:"Brief Biographies of Major Mechanical Engineers"
497:Edinburgh Suburban and Southside Junction Railway
1080:
391:
935:a picture of the viaduct under construction
891:
889:
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1073:Thomas Bouch: The Builder of the Tay Bridge
1066:Beautiful Railway Bridge of the Silvery Tay
1059:The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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941:
741:. "In his death", said the journal of the
383:) which led a subsequent President of the
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634:and his son Crawford Barlow. Some of the
414:South Durham and Lancashire Union Railway
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
856:
814:
689:
542:
534:
456:Cockermouth, Keswick and Penrith Railway
331:
726:Thomas Bouch bought a country house in
14:
1081:
947:
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867:
495:Bouch did the initial survey for the
407:Darlington and Barnard Castle Railway
1033:Edinburgh Post Office Directory 1880
609:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
27:British railway engineer (1822–1880)
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24:
539:Original Tay Bridge from the north
25:
1135:
351:. After a short spell working in
1061:, Oxford University Press (2004)
991:"Pier we go again at Portobello"
954:. London: Longwood. p. 264.
574:of the metal, and the re-use of
547:Fallen Tay Bridge from the north
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34:
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718:, the railway engine designer.
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363:, one of the precursors of the
357:Stockton and Darlington Railway
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45:needs additional citations for
1124:19th-century British engineers
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743:Institution of Civil Engineers
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642:for the new piers, which were
385:Institution of Civil Engineers
361:Edinburgh and Northern Railway
349:Lancaster and Carlisle Railway
299:Edinburgh and Northern Railway
13:
1:
1109:People from Carlisle, Cumbria
776:"Memoirs of Deceased Members"
748:
658:to take a railway across the
530:
442:his viaduct over the Gaunless
1119:Burials at the Dean Cemetery
7:
925:. 6 August 1858. p. 5.
822:. Enfield: Guinness Books.
646:of wrought iron and steel.
392:Railway and bridge designer
312:and popularised the use of
10:
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789:(1): 301–8. January 1881.
409:(20 miles, completed 1856)
820:The Guinness Railway Book
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605:Aftermath of the disaster
551:Bouch designed the first
517:Stanhope and Tyne Railway
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948:Humber, William (1870).
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714:Thomas was a brother of
301:he introduced the first
1104:English civil engineers
971:. railwaysarchive.co.uk
682:was completed in 1890.
432:to a junction with the
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521:Sea to Sea Cycle Route
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416:(from a junction near
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1043:Bouch, Thomas (DNB00)
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654:Bouch's design for a
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365:North British Railway
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172:, Cumberland, England
851:George Parker Bidder
694:Bouch's tomb in the
632:William Henry Barlow
434:West Coast Main Line
297:. As manager of the
54:improve this article
896:Joy, David (1983).
664:Tay Bridge disaster
565:Tay Bridge disaster
509:Hownes Gill Viaduct
507:. He also designed
449:Eden Valley Railway
336:Bouch's pioneering
322:Tay Bridge disaster
218:Structural engineer
700:
672:Sir Benjamin Baker
670:, was drawn up by
549:
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318:Tay Railway Bridge
206:Engineering career
1023:. Bouch, William.
997:. 9 December 2005
868:Hoole, K (1978).
668:cantilever bridge
656:suspension bridge
616:South Esk Viaduct
610:South Esk Viaduct
505:High Level Bridge
345:civil engineering
281:. He was born in
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236:Waverley Station
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43:This article
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1089:Thomas Bouch
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999:. Retrieved
995:The Scotsman
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973:. Retrieved
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798:. Retrieved
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680:Forth Bridge
653:
650:Forth Bridge
636:wrought iron
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599:Charles Meik
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588:wrought iron
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328:Early career
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224:Institutions
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183:(1880-10-30)
141:Thomas Bouch
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97:
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83:
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1099:1880 deaths
1094:1822 births
1001:5 September
975:7 September
966:"Facsimile"
800:17 February
732:Dean Bridge
698:, Edinburgh
686:Other works
640:breakwaters
377:Burntisland
306:train ferry
1083:Categories
785:. PART 1.
749:References
644:monocoques
626:Tay Bridge
561:knighthood
531:Tay Bridge
482:St Andrews
381:ferry slip
338:ferry ramp
291:Cumberland
212:Discipline
197:Occupation
191:, Scotland
162:1822-02-25
80:newspapers
795:1753-7843
584:cast-iron
488:, and to
426:Stainmore
399:haematite
295:Edinburgh
110:July 2010
838:24175552
818:(1989).
620:Montrose
287:Carlisle
232:Projects
200:Engineer
1052:Sources
576:girders
572:casting
513:Consett
490:Peebles
424:, over
373:Granton
310:caisson
285:, near
283:Thursby
170:Thursby
94:scholar
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728:Moffat
710:Family
678:. The
189:Moffat
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969:(PDF)
779:(PDF)
722:Death
618:, at
486:Leven
484:, to
438:Tebay
371:from
353:Leeds
101:JSTOR
87:books
1003:2015
977:2019
902:ISBN
874:ISBN
834:OCLC
824:ISBN
802:2012
791:ISSN
674:and
454:the
447:the
428:via
420:via
412:the
405:the
178:Died
156:Born
73:news
511:in
436:at
375:to
138:Sir
56:by
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