167:
779:
29:
179:
45:
1834:
of primary forests in the world. A survey carried out in 2005 found that 17 of Sri Lanka's frogs have become extinct in the past decade and another 11 species face imminent threat of extinction unless their habitat is secured. These remaining forests exist as highly fragmented patches. Most of them
1838:
Nevertheless, if the existing forests are preserved the condition can be improved, as many of the species of this ecoregion have small habitat needs. There are several protected areas that overlap with the ecoregion. The two most notable are the world heritage site the
Sinharaja Forest Reserve and
1499:
of Sri Lanka are confined to the southwestern rain forests. Due to the warm and moist climate and long physical isolation, wet forest adopted species have promoted a high degree of endemism and specialization. More than 60 percent of 306 endemic tree species of Sri Lanka are restricted to this
1565:
have been found. Despite the small number of species, this ecoregion is home to several near-endemic mammals, including one strict endemic species, the jungle shrew. The two endemic shrews, the Asian highland shrew and the jungle shrew are listed as vulnerable and endangered respectively. The
198:
below 1,000 m (3,281 ft) in elevation in the southwestern part of the island. The year-around warm, wet climate together with thousands years of isolation from mainland India have resulted in the evolution of numerous plants and animal species that can only be found in
1536:(Sinhalese for "King of forest"), an endemic orchid, is only found in undisturbed forests of this ecoregion. Several plant species show highly localized distribution. The lowland and sub montane forests are the floristically richest in Sri Lanka and of all
259:, are the forests that represent this ecoregion. Bambarabotuwa, Morapitiya Runakanda, Gilimale and Eratne are some of the other forest reserves. Even rainfall throughout the year, and invariable temperature resulted in rich
750:
in May to
September brings more than 5,000 mm (196.9 in) of rainfall to the ecoregion. The temperature remains constantly between 27–30 °C (81–86 °F) throughout the year. Due to the proximity to the
717:
in India, the closest other moist forests. Although the island has been connected with the mainland repeatedly by land bridges since the initial separation, Sri Lanka's moist forests and its wet forest-adapted
1988:
Eric
Dinerstein, David Olson, et al. (2017). An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm, BioScience, Volume 67, Issue 6, June 2017, Pages 534–545; Supplemental material 2 table S1b.
1835:
are less than 10 km (3.86 sq mi) in extent. Poaching and the extraction of forest products (timber, firewood, medicinal plants) are a problem in almost all forest reserves.
1574:
live in small numbers in these rain forests and are listed as endangered. Unlike in dry-zone forests, where they live in large numbers, this ecoregion's elephant population is faced with
1802:. Many of these species have only limited range distributions, often less than 0.5 km (0.19 sq mi). These species are also faced with habitat fragmentation and loss.
1657:. Out of sixteen bird species categorized as near-endemic, two species, the green-billed coucal and the white-throated flowerpecker are indigenous. The green-billed coucal and the
2353:
807:
2336:
2475:
2455:
2774:
2600:
2610:
2005:
1418:
211:
reaching as high as 45 m (148 ft). The lowland rain forests accounts for 2.14 percent of Sri Lanka's land area. This ecoregion is the home of the
2605:
1865:
2630:
2620:
2595:
2590:
2306:
77:
1240:
1170:
1839:
the Peak
Wilderness Sanctuary. Altogether, protected areas of this ecoregion accounts for only 260 square kilometres (100.39 sq mi).
243:
The lowland rain forests cover 124,340.8 ha (480.1 sq mi) in total and accounts for 2.14 percent of Sri Lanka's land area. Wet
1163:
2615:
1058:
884:
2346:
1642:
2709:
2692:
814:
2677:
2341:
1505:
996:
90:
2749:
879:
247:
receive 2,500–1,800 mm (98–71 in) of annual rainfall and are situated belove 1,000 meters (3,281 ft) of altitude.
1774:
Sri Lanka's reptile fauna includes 204 species with 114 endemic species. A further 17 taxa are endemic at subspecies level. The
1597:
The near-endemic and strict endemic mammals live in the areas listed below. Strict endemic species are marked with an asterisk.
778:
1672:
The near-endemic and strict endemic birds live in the areas listed below. Strict endemic species are marked with an asterisk.
2536:
1041:
991:
2554:
2299:
1182:
1036:
874:
869:
852:
2704:
2625:
1233:
800:
713:. Due to climatic changes, an intermittent drier region emerged between the moist forests in southwest Sri Lanka and the
1068:
966:
921:
840:
166:
2655:
2050:
1137:
1021:
941:
926:
901:
248:
2754:
2569:
1046:
956:
931:
896:
730:
The ecoregion partially encircles the
Central Massif, which reach above 2,500 m (8,202 ft) and detached
2013:
2769:
2667:
2480:
2292:
1205:
1011:
916:
859:
1827:
1794:
species worldwide (3.9 species per 1,000 square kilometres (386 sq mi)). These include 250 species of
2687:
2465:
2381:
1501:
1226:
1063:
1016:
1001:
946:
911:
735:
149:
95:
1448:
at 30–40 m (98–131 ft), a sub-canopy at 15–30 m (49–98 ft), a 5–15 m (16–49 ft)
2764:
2323:
1127:
976:
951:
936:
864:
709:
present in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka first became separated from the mainland Indian subcontinent during the late
133:
2699:
2450:
2445:
2236:
2199:
1132:
1089:
1031:
1006:
961:
847:
793:
2759:
2577:
2470:
2401:
1742:
981:
2672:
2660:
2582:
2460:
2207:
1831:
1662:
1658:
1632:
1356:
1322:
1200:
1142:
1026:
906:
835:
1553:
Sri Lanka lacks the land area to support large animals. Although fossil records of ancestral forms of
1943:
1627:
986:
971:
2642:
2176:
1891:
1753:
1304:
1122:
252:
171:
2391:
2386:
1779:
1681:
1459:
731:
2549:
2544:
2315:
1612:
1310:
1110:
2716:
2650:
1763:
1748:
1737:
1707:
1676:
1579:
1340:
770:
576:
200:
2363:
2331:
1758:
1732:
1717:
1702:
1601:
1212:
633:
595:
2260:
2142:
8:
1872:
1691:
1617:
1575:
1390:
1378:
1362:
1346:
1267:
557:
500:
424:
348:
256:
195:
60:
2168:
2726:
2721:
1727:
1712:
1697:
1637:
1462:
situated closer to the coastlines are a distinct plant community within the ecoregion.
1440:
1434:
1406:
1334:
1277:
1103:
678:
614:
2376:
2261:"An interview with Dr. Ranil Senanayake, chairman of Rainforest Rescue International"
2046:
1686:
1654:
1622:
1591:
1567:
1428:
1402:
756:
694:
443:
65:
28:
2496:
1787:
1775:
1513:
1509:
1445:
747:
706:
481:
405:
367:
329:
220:
204:
34:
2228:
2087:
1810:
Most of the Sri Lanka's rain forests were cleared for plantations, originally for
2559:
1783:
1328:
1316:
719:
538:
519:
310:
1512:
shows a special endemicity. All but one species of the 58 species of the family
178:
2506:
2424:
2409:
2116:
1722:
1571:
1453:
1412:
1396:
702:
462:
386:
244:
208:
2743:
2501:
1925:
1799:
1384:
1272:
714:
710:
2516:
2429:
2371:
1666:
1606:
1558:
1524:
1368:
1096:
752:
698:
690:
260:
212:
2526:
2414:
2284:
1587:
1583:
705:
about 55 million years later. Therefore, there are many ancient
Gondwana
686:
232:
1990:
701:, it detached and drifted northward. The Indian Plate collided with the
1554:
1537:
1516:
can only be found in these rain forests, including two endemic genera,
1472:
1468:
1449:
1259:
143:
1258:
The vegetation of the region is determined primarily by climate, with
1791:
1464:
739:
228:
224:
191:
121:
1570:, the largest carnivore of the island, is identified as threatened.
263:. These forests also act as an important catchment area for rivers.
2521:
2268:
1815:
1489:
1477:
743:
216:
44:
2045:(in Sinhala) (1st ed.). Sarasavi Publishers. pp. 25–27.
1263:
2419:
1823:
1811:
2511:
1518:
1508:. The dominant tree family in Asian rain forests, the family
1496:
1492:
1290:
1286:
72:
1444:. Virgin forests of this ecoregion have four strata, a main
1795:
1594:
are some of the other mammals who dwell in this ecoregion.
1562:
682:
227:
species worldwide. Many of these, including 250 species of
734:. These mountains are represented by their own ecoregion,
1819:
1456:
reach above the main canopy to 45 m (148 ft).
1826:. The remaining forests cover only 4.6 percent of the
1270:
dominate in the Sri Lankan lowland rain forests - the
755:
daily temperatures are relieved by the ocean breezes.
722:
have been identified as being ecologically isolated.
207:
is made up of over 150 species of trees, some of the
1500:
ecoregion. A further 61 species are shared with the
2003:
2254:
2252:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
1769:
1653:This ecoregion is completely contained within the
1842:Protected areas that overlap with the ecoregion:
1832:has showed one of the highest deforestation rates
2775:Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
2741:
2082:
78:tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
2249:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2027:
219:mammal of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka has the highest
2220:
2300:
2160:
2134:
2012:. National Geographic Society. Archived from
1234:
2059:
2227:Senanayake, Dr. Ranil (September 9, 2007).
2114:
2110:
2108:
1805:
182:Lowland rain forest in the Western Province
2314:
2307:
2293:
2226:
2040:
1782:are listed as endangered along with eight
1241:
1227:
2693:Southwestern Sri Lanka rivers and streams
2166:
1452:, and a sparse shrub layer. Trees of the
1266:conditions contributing secondarily. Two
2105:
177:
174:is an important forest in this ecoregion
165:
91:Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests
1643:Nolthenius's long-tailed climbing mouse
2742:
2258:
113:12,493 km (4,824 sq mi)
2288:
2259:Butler, Rhett A. (November 6, 2006).
2169:"Sri Lanka - a world Reptile Hotspot"
1999:
1997:
672:
2194:
2192:
2140:
2117:"Forests and other vegetarian types"
2115:Jayawardene, Jayantha (2006-05-29).
33:Lowland rain forest in the south of
1830:. Between 1990 and 2005, Sri Lanka
1786:species. Sri Lanka has the highest
1171:Department of Wildlife Conservation
13:
1994:
1669:are the other threatened species.
1372:(the national tree of Sri Lanka),
14:
2786:
2555:Divisional Secretariats Divisions
2189:
2004:World Wildlife Fund, ed. (2001).
1164:Department of Forest Conservation
2088:"Sri Lanka lowland rain forests"
2006:"Sri Lanka lowland rain forests"
777:
251:, Viharakele, Nakiyadeniya, and
203:in Sri Lanka. The thick forest
43:
27:
1770:Reptiles, fishes and amphibians
1483:
742:of the ecoregion is red-yellow
689:. Sri Lanka was once a part of
238:
49:Ecoregion territory (in purple)
2750:Sri Lanka lowland rain forests
2678:dry-zone dry evergreen forests
1982:
1661:are listed as threatened. The
1655:Endemic bird area of Sri Lanka
736:Sri Lanka montane rain forests
188:Sri Lanka lowland rain forests
150:Sri Lanka montane rain forests
148:Sri Lanka moist forests (with
96:Sri Lanka montane rain forests
22:Sri Lanka lowland rain forests
1:
1975:
2229:"Regrowing lost Rainforests"
2143:"Not a 'bird-brained' plan!"
1090:Pinnawela Elephant Orphanage
794:Protected areas of Sri Lanka
7:
2167:Somaweera, Ruchira (2004).
2010:WildWorld Ecoregion Profile
1743:White-throated flowerpecker
725:
10:
2791:
2673:Deccan thorn scrub forests
2208:Conservation International
2141:Dole, Nilma (2009-03-15).
1663:ashy-headed laughingthrush
1659:Sri Lanka whistling-thrush
1633:Travancore flying squirrel
1548:
1424:Chaetocarpus castanicarpus
1357:Anisophyllea cinnamomoides
1323:Chaetocarpus castanicarpus
685:continent only by shallow
2641:
2568:
2560:Grama Niladhari Divisions
2535:
2489:
2438:
2400:
2362:
2322:
2041:Senarathna, P.M. (2005).
1944:Peak Wilderness Sanctuary
156:
142:
132:
127:
117:
109:
104:
83:
71:
59:
54:
42:
26:
21:
2204:biodiversityhotspots.org
2177:University of Peradeniya
1892:Sinharaja Forest Reserve
1806:Threats and conservation
1798:belonging to the family
1754:Sri Lanka hanging parrot
1665:, red-faced malkoha and
1648:
1543:
1460:Freshwater swamp forests
1305:Dipterocarpus zeylanicus
1253:
759:ranges between 75%-85%.
697:. Then as a part of the
172:Sinharaja Forest Reserve
2755:Ecoregions of Sri Lanka
2392:Knuckles Mountain Range
2387:Hanthana Mountain Range
1780:spineless forest lizard
1682:Sri Lanka grey hornbill
1480:fringe the coastlines.
1183:Field Ornithology Group
732:Knuckles Mountain Range
2770:Indomalayan ecoregions
2611:North Western Province
2601:North Central Province
2316:Geography of Sri Lanka
2092:Terrestrial Ecoregions
2043:Sri Lankawe Wananthara
1628:Layard's palm squirrel
1613:Thailand roundleaf bat
1530:Anoectochilus setaceus
1422:, and a sub canopy of
1311:Dipterocarpus hispidus
1294:community (Sinhalese "
1111:Ridiyagama Safari Park
183:
175:
16:Ecoregion in Sri Lanka
2094:. World Wildlife Fund
1764:Chestnut-backed owlet
1749:Yellow-fronted barbet
1738:Orange-billed babbler
1708:Sri Lanka blue magpie
1677:Sri Lanka wood pigeon
1374:Myristica dactyloides
1341:Myristica dactyloides
1284:") community and the
771:Wildlife of Sri Lanka
681:, separated from the
181:
169:
2765:Forests of Sri Lanka
2710:wildlife sanctuaries
2688:montane rain forests
2683:lowland rain forests
2656:environmental issues
1733:Brown-capped babbler
1718:White-faced starling
1703:Sri Lanka junglefowl
1602:Asian highland shrew
1502:montane rain forests
1354:community comprises
1302:community comprises
748:Southwestern monsoon
196:Tropical rainforests
170:World Heritage Site
1873:Sri Jayewardenepura
1692:Green-billed coucal
1618:Purple-faced langur
1419:Syzygium rubicundum
1391:Doona congestiflora
1379:Palaquium petiolare
1363:Cullenia rosayroana
1347:Semecarpus gardneri
997:Non-marine molluscs
765:Part of a series on
746:soil. The extended
257:World Heritage Site
138:critical/endangered
134:Conservation status
2760:Flora of Sri Lanka
2490:Bordering entities
1728:Kashmir flycatcher
1713:Spot-winged thrush
1698:Sri Lanka spurfowl
1638:Ceylon spiny mouse
1441:Xylopia championii
1435:Syzygium neesianum
1407:Doona trapezifolia
1335:Dillenia triquetra
1268:floral communities
1104:Pinnawala Open Zoo
1085:Zoological gardens
808:Biosphere reserves
679:continental island
673:Geological history
184:
176:
2737:
2736:
2621:Southern Province
2606:Northern Province
2382:Central Highlands
2354:Natural disasters
2149:. Sunday Observer
2147:sundayobserver.lk
1973:
1972:
1862:
1855:
1759:Layard's parakeet
1687:Red-faced malkoha
1623:Golden palm civet
1592:rusty-spotted cat
1568:Sri Lanka leopard
1429:Garcinia hermonii
1403:Doona macrophylla
1251:
1250:
1117:Botanical gardens
757:Relative humidity
695:Cretaceous Period
670:
669:
305:
296:
287:
278:
164:
163:
2782:
2631:Western Province
2596:Eastern Province
2591:Central Province
2337:Climatic regions
2309:
2302:
2295:
2286:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2237:The Sunday Times
2224:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2196:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2154:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2112:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2084:
2057:
2056:
2038:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2001:
1992:
1986:
1860:
1853:
1845:
1844:
1776:mugger crocodile
1514:Dipterocarpaceae
1510:Dipterocarpaceae
1243:
1236:
1229:
1042:Lesser arachnids
992:Freshwater crabs
781:
762:
761:
740:type of the soil
707:taxonomic groups
303:
294:
285:
276:
266:
265:
231:, live in these
47:
35:Badulla District
31:
19:
18:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2700:protected areas
2637:
2587:Settlements in
2564:
2531:
2485:
2434:
2396:
2358:
2318:
2313:
2283:
2282:
2273:
2271:
2257:
2250:
2241:
2239:
2225:
2221:
2212:
2210:
2200:"Human Impacts"
2198:
2197:
2190:
2181:
2179:
2165:
2161:
2152:
2150:
2139:
2135:
2126:
2124:
2113:
2106:
2097:
2095:
2086:
2085:
2060:
2053:
2039:
2028:
2019:
2017:
2002:
1995:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1956:
1938:
1920:
1904:
1886:
1859:
1852:
1808:
1784:freshwater fish
1772:
1651:
1572:Asian elephants
1551:
1546:
1488:Almost all the
1486:
1329:Dillenia retusa
1317:Vitex altissima
1256:
1247:
1218:
1217:
1196:
1188:
1187:
1177:Civil societies
1156:
1148:
1147:
1082:
1074:
1073:
1037:Pseudoscorpions
885:Commercial fish
875:Introduced fish
870:Freshwater fish
828:
827:Flora and fauna
820:
819:
789:
788:Protected areas
728:
677:Sri Lanka is a
675:
302:
300:
293:
291:
284:
282:
275:
273:
245:monsoon forests
241:
100:
50:
38:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2788:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2705:national parks
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2696:
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2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
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2663:
2653:
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2645:
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2623:
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2552:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2507:Gulf of Mannar
2504:
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2483:
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2473:
2468:
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2442:
2440:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2402:Extreme points
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2357:
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2334:
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2304:
2297:
2289:
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2280:
2248:
2233:sundaytimes.lk
2219:
2188:
2159:
2133:
2104:
2058:
2051:
2026:
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1980:
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1974:
1971:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1926:Attidiya marsh
1922:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1875:bird sanctuary
1869:
1868:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1848:Protected area
1807:
1804:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1723:Sri Lanka myna
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1650:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1559:hippopotamuses
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1485:
1482:
1454:emergent layer
1413:Doona venulosa
1397:Doona disticha
1255:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1223:
1220:
1219:
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1215:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1195:Related topics
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880:Cartilage fish
877:
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867:
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855:
845:
844:
843:
829:
826:
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822:
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801:National parks
797:
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790:
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766:
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724:
703:Asian mainland
674:
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664:
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629:
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297:
288:
279:
270:
240:
237:
209:emergent layer
162:
161:
160:1,176 km² (9%)
158:
154:
153:
146:
140:
139:
136:
130:
129:
125:
124:
119:
115:
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111:
107:
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63:
57:
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40:
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32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2698:
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2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2661:deforestation
2659:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2502:Bay of Bengal
2500:
2498:
2497:Adam's Bridge
2495:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
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2325:
2321:
2317:
2310:
2305:
2303:
2298:
2296:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2255:
2253:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2163:
2148:
2144:
2137:
2122:
2118:
2111:
2109:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2054:
2052:955-573-401-1
2048:
2044:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2016:on 2010-03-08
2015:
2011:
2007:
2000:
1998:
1991:
1985:
1981:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1866:IUCN Category
1864:
1857:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1803:
1801:
1800:Rhacophoridae
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
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1736:
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1726:
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1664:
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1616:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1580:fragmentation
1577:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1491:
1481:
1479:
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1470:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1455:
1451:
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1442:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1386:
1385:Doona affinis
1381:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1306:
1301:
1300:Dipterocarpus
1297:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1273:Dipterocarpus
1269:
1265:
1261:
1244:
1239:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1201:Deforestation
1199:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1155:Organizations
1152:
1151:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1069:Pteridophytes
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
967:Minor insects
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
922:Hymenopterans
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
894:
893:
892:
891:Invertebrates
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
854:
851:
850:
849:
846:
842:
839:
838:
837:
834:
833:
832:
824:
823:
816:
813:
812:
809:
806:
805:
802:
799:
798:
795:
792:
791:
785:
784:
780:
776:
775:
772:
769:
768:
764:
763:
760:
758:
754:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
723:
721:
716:
715:Western Ghats
712:
711:Miocene Epoch
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
665:
662:
659:
656:
654:
651:
650:
646:
643:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
627:
624:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
608:
605:
602:
599:
597:
594:
593:
589:
586:
583:
580:
578:
575:
574:
570:
567:
564:
561:
559:
556:
555:
551:
548:
545:
542:
540:
537:
536:
532:
529:
526:
523:
521:
518:
517:
513:
510:
507:
504:
502:
499:
498:
494:
491:
488:
485:
483:
480:
479:
475:
472:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
456:
453:
450:
447:
445:
442:
441:
437:
434:
431:
428:
426:
423:
422:
418:
415:
412:
409:
407:
404:
403:
399:
396:
393:
390:
388:
385:
384:
380:
377:
374:
371:
369:
366:
365:
361:
358:
355:
352:
350:
347:
346:
342:
339:
336:
333:
331:
328:
327:
323:
320:
317:
314:
312:
309:
308:
304:in sq. miles
298:
289:
286:in sq. miles
283:rain forests
280:
274:rain forests
271:
268:
267:
264:
262:
258:
255:, which is a
254:
250:
246:
236:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
197:
193:
189:
180:
173:
168:
159:
155:
151:
147:
145:
141:
137:
135:
131:
126:
123:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
97:
94:
92:
89:
88:
86:
82:
79:
76:
74:
70:
67:
64:
62:
58:
53:
46:
41:
36:
30:
25:
20:
2682:
2616:Sabaragamuwa
2537:Subdivisions
2517:Indian Ocean
2372:Indian Plate
2272:. Retrieved
2265:mongabay.com
2264:
2240:. Retrieved
2232:
2222:
2211:. Retrieved
2203:
2180:. Retrieved
2172:
2162:
2151:. Retrieved
2146:
2136:
2125:. Retrieved
2123:. Daily News
2121:dailynews.lk
2120:
2096:. Retrieved
2091:
2042:
2018:. Retrieved
2014:the original
2009:
1984:
1961:
1841:
1837:
1809:
1773:
1671:
1667:scaly thrush
1652:
1607:Jungle shrew
1596:
1576:habitat loss
1555:rhinoceroses
1552:
1533:
1529:
1525:Stemonoporus
1523:
1517:
1487:
1484:Biodiversity
1463:
1458:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1411:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1373:
1369:Mesua ferrea
1367:
1361:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1321:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1281:
1276:-dominated (
1271:
1257:
1176:
1175:
1158:
1128:Henarathgoda
1116:
1115:
1097:Dehiwala Zoo
1084:
1052:
1051:
927:Orthopterans
890:
889:
830:
753:Indian Ocean
729:
699:Indian Plate
693:, until the
691:Gondwanaland
676:
652:
577:Nuwara Eliya
299:Wet monsoon
290:Wet monsoon
261:biodiversity
242:
239:Forest cover
233:rain forests
213:jungle shrew
201:rain forests
187:
185:
128:Conservation
2643:Environment
2570:Settlements
2527:Palk Strait
1588:fishing cat
1584:Indian hare
1506:dry forests
1352:Mesua-Doona
1159:Authorities
1133:Mirijjawila
1047:Echinoderms
932:Cockroaches
897:Butterflies
831:Vertebrates
815:Sanctuaries
687:Palk Strait
634:Trincomalee
596:Polonnaruwa
190:represents
66:Indomalayan
2744:Categories
2668:ecoregions
2481:Waterfalls
2274:2009-05-06
2242:2009-05-06
2213:2009-05-06
2182:2009-05-06
2153:2009-05-06
2127:2009-05-06
2098:2009-05-04
2020:2009-05-04
1976:References
1538:South Asia
1476:dominated
1473:Sonneratia
1469:Rhizophora
1450:understory
1260:topography
1206:Ecoregions
1138:Peradeniya
1022:Hard ticks
1012:Tarantulas
917:Mosquitoes
860:Amphibians
558:Monaragala
501:Kurunegala
425:Hambantota
349:Batticaloa
229:tree frogs
215:, a small
144:Global 200
2550:Districts
2545:Provinces
2466:Mountains
2439:Landforms
2173:pdn.ac.lk
1909:Thelwatta
1818:and then
1792:amphibian
1478:mangroves
1465:Avicennia
1278:Sinhalese
1143:Seetawaka
1064:Mangroves
1017:Scorpions
1002:Myriapods
957:Hemiptera
947:Lacewings
912:Dipterans
657:124,340.8
615:Ratnapura
253:Sinharaja
249:Kanneliya
225:amphibian
192:Sri Lanka
157:Protected
122:Sri Lanka
105:Geography
2717:wildlife
2651:Forestry
2522:Palk Bay
2347:Wet Zone
2342:Dry Zone
2269:Mongabay
1828:wet zone
1816:cinchona
1778:and the
1534:Wanaraja
1298:"). The
1296:Na-Doona
977:Odonates
937:Termites
865:Reptiles
853:Endemics
841:Endemics
744:podzolic
726:Features
619:36,035.1
543:15,717.6
530:31,108.7
467:14,065.5
448:14,021.2
444:Kalutara
391:18,849.4
359:13,378.2
340:15,750.8
321:45,519.2
301:forests
292:forests
281:Lowland
272:Lowland
269:District
2476:Valleys
2456:Lagoons
2451:Islands
2446:Beaches
2410:Highest
2364:Geology
2332:Climate
2324:Climate
1861:sq. mi
1788:density
1549:Mammals
1490:endemic
1264:edaphic
1213:Tourism
1123:Hakgala
1081:Gardens
1032:Isopods
1007:Spiders
962:Mantids
952:Phasmid
942:Earwigs
902:Beetles
848:Mammals
663:221,977
625:5,746.4
581:3,639.3
511:1,260.9
486:9,985.1
482:Kegalle
473:3,543.9
406:Gampaha
372:1,359.7
368:Colombo
334:1,610.6
330:Badulla
221:density
217:endemic
118:Country
84:Borders
55:Ecology
2578:Cities
2471:Rivers
2049:
1969:100.4
1824:rubber
1812:coffee
1582:. The
1561:, and
1446:canopy
1438:, and
1350:. The
1344:, and
982:Aphids
738:. The
666:857.1
647:0.015
609:179.1
606:46,388
571:219.2
568:56,769
539:Matara
533:120.1
520:Matale
324:175.8
311:Ampara
295:in ha
277:in ha
205:canopy
2727:flora
2722:fauna
2583:Towns
2512:India
2461:Lakes
2420:South
2415:North
1962:Total
1858:Area
1851:Area
1796:frogs
1649:Birds
1563:lions
1544:Fauna
1519:Doona
1497:fauna
1493:flora
1291:Doona
1287:Mesua
1254:Flora
1059:Trees
1053:Flora
1027:Mites
907:Moths
836:Birds
720:biota
683:Asian
660:480.1
653:Total
628:22.2
622:139.1
587:121.4
562:392.5
549:1,772
524:8,217
476:13.7
463:Kandy
435:570.3
410:240.8
387:Galle
362:51.7
343:60.8
73:Biome
61:Realm
2430:West
2425:East
2377:Gems
2047:ISBN
1951:38.6
1899:38.6
1881:11.6
1822:and
1814:and
1590:and
1578:and
1522:and
1504:and
1495:and
1282:Hora
1262:and
987:Ants
972:Bees
590:0.5
584:14.1
552:6.8
546:60.7
527:31.7
514:4.9
495:0.2
492:44.2
489:38.6
470:54.3
451:54.1
438:2.2
394:72.8
186:The
110:Area
2626:Uva
1966:260
1948:100
1933:3.9
1915:7.7
1896:100
1854:km
1820:tea
1790:of
1532:or
565:1.5
432:0.8
429:207
413:0.9
375:5.2
337:6.2
223:of
194:'s
2746::
2267:.
2263:.
2251:^
2235:.
2231:.
2206:.
2202:.
2191:^
2175:.
2171:.
2145:.
2119:.
2107:^
2090:.
2061:^
2029:^
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