26:
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293:(chairman from 1999 to 2013) were former presidents of the channel during the 1990s. from 2014 to 2017 Talal Makdessi was the new temporary president of the channel until a committee from the new Council of Ministers appointed a new board, but currently Télé Liban does not have a Chairman of the Board knowing that after a judicial decision on 26 May 2017, Makdessi was dismissed
181:
The
Lebanese government granted businessmen Wissam Izzeddine and Alex Moufarrej the first local television license in August 1956, and private Compagnie Libanaise de Télévision (CLT) (in Arabic, شركة التلفزيون اللبنانية). CLT aired programs for the first time on 28 May 1959, making it the first TV
247:
wanted a unified media outlet to promote his agenda of peace and unity. The two privately owned stations, CLT and Télé Orient, and their subsidiaries agreed to merge in a deal where half the shares were owned by the
Lebanese government. The Legislative Decree No. 100 was published in the
239:
Two unlicenced pirate stations, the right-wing
Christian "Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation" (LBC) and the left-wing Muslim "Television of Arab Lebanon" (تلفزيون لبنان العربي) run by the Mourabitoun Muslim Sunni militia were launched challenging the existing stations.
211:
Throughout the 1960s and until the 1970s, Télé Liban provided local, original programming as well as imports from France and the United States. What made Télé Liban unique in the region was its creation of innovative content for a pluralistic country like
Lebanon.
274:
bought the private sector shares of Télé Liban months before he became prime minister in 1992 and appointed Fouad Naïm as chairman, who quickly revamped the station. However, the government bought back all the shares from the private sector in 1994.
263:
When the civil war ended, Télé Liban's monopoly was removed under the 1994 Audiovisual Media Law, and the station found itself for the first time facing tremendous competition. Other television stations with more innovative programming, such as the
198:
The station remained
Lebanon's only television station until Télé-Orient, full name Television of Lebanon and the Orient (in Arabic تلفزيون لبنان والمشرق) obtained its own license in July 1961 and began operating from
255:
The private CLT and Télé-Orient rival stations would later be completely acquired by the
Lebanese government and the merged company became a public television station and name changed to Télé Liban.
278:
The plethora of private terrestrial and satellite stations available in the
Lebanese television market came at the expense of Télé Liban, which since the late 1990s been in continuous decline.
160:. It was a result of a merger of the privately run Compagnie Libanaise de Télévision (CLT) (channels 7 and 9) and Télé-Orient (channels 5 and 11). TL is the current Lebanese member of the
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Initially, Télé Liban was managed by a board composed of twelve directors, six representing the government and six representing TLC and Télé Orient.
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by right wing
Christian militias. Both stations fell into presenting biased coverage according to the parties dominating the station.
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Harb, Zahera. Channels of
Resistance in Lebanon: Liberation Propaganda, Hezbollah and the Media, I.B.Tauris (15 April 2011), page 103
531:
Harb, Zahera. Channels of
Resistance in Lebanon: Liberation Propaganda, Hezbollah and the Media, I.B.Tauris (15 April 2011), page 102
483:
Harb, Zahera. Channels of Resistance in Lebanon: Liberation Propaganda, Hezbollah and the Media, I.B.Tauris (15 April 2011), page 97
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Harb, Zahera. Channels of Resistance in Lebanon: Liberation Propaganda, Hezbollah and the Media, I.B.Tauris (15 April 2011), page 98
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station not only in Lebanon but also in the region. The station was officially launched by General Sleiman Nawfal with the aid of
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system, to a total of ten television sets. CLT was backed by Sofirad, who in turn was related to the developers of the system.
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had been dominated by the left wing and Muslim militias and Télé-Orient station channels 5 and 11 located in
224:, the two private television stations had been taken over by militias, CLT-based channels 7 and 9 located in
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The chair of the channel is appointed by the Lebanese cabinet. Jean Claude Boulos and
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252:(in Arabic الجريدة الرسمية) on 7 July 1977, making the merger official
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Arab Mass Media: Newspapers, Radio, and Television in Arab Politics
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551:"Lahoud implores Tele-Liban to prioritize satellite broadcasting"
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186:. Color broadcasts started on 21 October 1967, using the French
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374:"Télé Liban looks to continue a long, prestigious history"
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Channel of Resistance in Lebanon: Liberation Propaganda
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Television channels and stations established in 1959
469:, Pearson Longman, Temple University, 2005, page 123
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522:, Praeger Publishers, Westpport, CT, 2004, page 203
509:, I. B. Tauris & Co. Ltd., London 2007, page 34
467:Hybridity, or the Cultural Logic of Globalization
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403:"Lebanese media coverage of oil and gas sector"
303:Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation International
268:, overtook Télé Liban's audience in the 1990s.
266:Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation International
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119:Lebanese Public (Governmental corporation)
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177:Compagnie Libanaise de Télévision
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2586:1959 establishments in Lebanon
2576:Television stations in Lebanon
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166:Arab States Broadcasting Union
1:
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577:"Télé Liban launches reforms"
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243:The newly elected president,
433:. 1 January 1968. p. 57
347:. Tele Liban. Archived from
232:in the Christian suburbs of
7:
858:European Broadcasting Union
296:
162:European Broadcasting Union
10:
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428:"Television and Radio Age"
171:
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376:. Annahar. Archived from
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735:(Lebanon 24 TV Channel)
679:Television in Lebanon
507:Arab Television Today
408:. SKeyes. August 2014
2596:Mass media in Beirut
216:During the Civil War
752:Cable and satellite
606:lebanon.mom-rsf.org
581:BusinessNews.com.lb
158:Lebanese government
20:
222:Lebanese Civil War
44:television network
18:
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810:Future Television
518:Rugh, William A.
465:Kraidy. Marwan M.
291:Ibrahim El Khoury
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631:Official website
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351:on 13 April 2020
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250:National Gazette
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130:Official website
125:Official website
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856:Members of the
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708:Murr Television
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557:. 30 April 1999
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380:on 23 May 2018
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505:Sakr, Naomi.
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150:تلفزيون لبنان
147:
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94:United States
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2467:participants
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728:Télé Lumière
722:
609:. Retrieved
605:
602:"Télé Liban"
596:
584:. Retrieved
580:
571:
559:. Retrieved
554:
545:
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527:
519:
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506:
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493:
488:
466:
447:
435:. Retrieved
422:
412:16 September
410:. Retrieved
382:. Retrieved
378:the original
353:. Retrieved
349:the original
345:"Tele Liban"
288:
285:
277:
272:Rafic Hariri
270:
262:
254:
249:
245:Elias Sarkis
242:
238:
219:
210:
197:
180:
141:
137:
136:
111:May 28, 1959
62:Availability
15:
2368:TFM/JOAU-FM
805:Future News
769:Al Mayadeen
764:Al-Lubnania
636:(in Arabic)
611:19 February
586:19 February
234:East Beirut
226:West Beirut
220:During the
194:Télé-Orient
37:Terrestrial
2570:Categories
723:Télé Liban
561:22 October
355:22 October
329:References
138:Télé Liban
74:Arab World
19:Télé Liban
1741:Associate
1501:Suspended
693:Al Jadeed
496:, page 97
84:Australia
41:satellite
2509:TV5Monde
2496:Euronews
2465:Approved
1171:KRO-NCRV
1151:AVROTROS
779:Jaras TV
698:Al-Manar
686:National
437:18 April
297:See also
168:(ASBU).
154:Lebanese
2525:Abertis
2491:Cellnex
2474:Current
2423:UAERTVD
1993:AMÉRICA
1795:CBC/SRC
1750:Current
1743:members
1348:SRG SSR
1156:BNNVARA
874:Current
867:members
815:Zein TV
798:Defunct
789:Noursat
774:Heya TV
230:Hazmieh
201:Hazmieh
172:History
108:Founded
69:Lebanon
55:Lebanon
50:Country
2518:Former
2338:SABTVS
2240:PANTEL
1968:Former
1776:ACORAB
1542:Former
1328:RTVSLO
1194:PowNed
865:Active
784:Strike
384:22 May
184:France
146:Arabic
89:Canada
39:&
2500:JPMRD
2209:(PNG)
2107:GLOBO
1980:ABERT
1904:ORTAS
1670:NERIT
1586:GRMC
1533:VGTRK
1338:SMRTV
1214:Zwart
1166:HUMAN
1073:İCTI
948:ARMTV
759:A-One
431:(PDF)
406:(PDF)
188:SECAM
116:Owner
2552:URTI
2548:SNTC
2543:RTRN
2538:RETE
2533:MEBC
2481:Arte
2447:WGBH
2427:USIA
2419:TVRI
2408:(MR)
2381:TIME
2343:SLBC
2333:SABC
2270:RCTV
2260:QTBC
2235:ORTN
2230:NYPR
2225:NTVC
2199:(NG)
2190:NAEB
2185:NACB
2169:(KR)
2159:(MW)
2140:KBTS
2136:IBTE
2112:GRTS
2088:EURT
2056:CMRT
2050:(LK)
2040:(BB)
2030:(AR)
2002:ATEC
1984:AFMN
1959:WFMT
1954:TVNZ
1949:TEME
1924:RTHK
1909:PART
1888:(US)
1879:NBAB
1873:(MU)
1854:IRIB
1849:ICRT
1844:Free
1820:CGTN
1815:CCTV
1799:(CA)
1789:(CL)
1771:(US)
1761:(AU)
1728:UJRT
1688:RTVS
1678:ORTF
1674:OFRT
1664:(HU)
1654:(FI)
1635:LJBC
1626:ITCA
1616:(IL)
1606:(GB)
1582:ERTT
1567:CRCA
1562:COPE
1517:RDO
1508:BTRC
1450:UKIB
1434:(NO)
1430:TV 2
1424:(DK)
1420:TV 2
1414:(MC)
1375:STVR
1343:SNRT
1311:RTVE
1306:RTVA
1290:RTT
1286:RTSH
1261:RTCG
1256:RTBF
1204:VPRO
1199:Ster
1139:Duna
1134:MTVA
1087:JRTV
1041:GRF
1020:ERSL
998:EPTV
993:ENRS
983:CyBC
958:BHRT
943:ARMR
703:LBCI
613:2021
588:2021
563:2012
439:2024
414:2014
386:2018
357:2012
33:Type
2504:RTV
2486:CAT
2452:ZBC
2414:TVN
2404:TVM
2399:TVB
2394:TVA
2390:TSN
2386:TSM
2376:TIM
2363:TCM
2358:TBC
2348:STS
2328:RTV
2323:RTS
2318:RTM
2313:RTI
2308:RTG
2303:RTC
2298:RRI
2288:RNT
2278:REI
2265:RCR
2250:PTV
2245:PBC
2220:NTV
2215:NET
2205:NBC
2195:NBC
2180:MPR
2175:MBS
2165:MBC
2155:MBC
2150:LBC
2145:KNR
2132:JCC
2127:JBC
2122:IRV
2117:IBB
2102:GBS
2097:GBC
2092:FTN
2085:EMI
2081:EBC
2071:CTV
2066:CPB
2061:CNN
2046:CBC
2036:CBC
2026:C13
2021:C12
2011:BCB
2006:ATV
1998:ANB
1988:AIR
1975:4TA
1944:TBS
1939:SMG
1934:SBS
1929:RTM
1919:RNZ
1899:NPR
1894:NHK
1884:NBC
1869:MBC
1864:KBS
1839:FPA
1832:CRI
1827:CNR
1810:CMG
1805:CBS
1785:C13
1780:APM
1767:ABC
1757:ABC
1723:TV4
1718:TMC
1713:TF1
1708:TDF
1703:STV
1698:SRo
1693:SER
1683:RTF
1660:MTV
1650:MTV
1640:MBA
1630:JRT
1622:ITA
1612:IBA
1602:IBA
1595:TMC
1590:RMC
1572:ČST
1558:C1O
1549:A3R
1513:C1R
1492:ZDF
1487:Yle
1482:VRT
1470:STV
1465:S4C
1460:ITV
1445:TVR
1440:TVP
1410:TVM
1405:TRT
1400:TRM
1390:TG4
1385:TDA
1363:SVT
1353:SRT
1333:RÚV
1321:TVE
1316:RNE
1281:RTS
1276:RTP
1271:RTL
1266:RTÉ
1251:ROR
1246:RAI
1236:PBS
1231:ORF
1226:NTU
1221:NRK
1209:WNL
1186:NTR
1181:NOS
1176:MAX
1146:NPO
1129:MRT
1124:MMD
1117:LTV
1107:LSM
1102:LRT
1097:LNC
1092:KAN
1080:İTV
1062:HRT
1050:FTV
1045:FMM
1037:GPB
1030:ERA
1025:ERT
1013:ETV
1003:ERR
973:ČRo
968:BNT
963:BNR
953:BBC
936:WDR
931:SWR
921:RBB
911:NDR
906:MDR
891:DLR
881:ARD
733:LTV
718:OTV
713:NBN
318:NBN
313:OTV
308:MTV
203:.
2572::
2529:AH
2442:VZ
2437:VV
2432:VK
2372:TH
2353:T2
2293:RP
2283:RN
2274:RD
2255:QR
2076:DA
2016:C7
1914:RB
1859:KA
1645:MR
1577:E1
1554:C+
1526:OP
1521:MK
1477:VR
1455:C4
1395:TL
1380:SU
1368:UR
1358:SR
1299:TT
1294:RT
1241:PR
1190:ON
1161:EO
1112:LR
1076:İR
1067:HR
1055:RF
1008:ER
988:DR
978:ČT
926:SR
916:RB
901:HR
896:DW
886:BR
604:.
579:.
553:.
474:^
456:^
394:^
365:^
336:^
148::
144:,
142:TL
849:e
842:t
835:v
664:e
657:t
650:v
615:.
590:.
565:.
441:.
416:.
388:.
359:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
