1186:
1661:
1174:
1042:
159:
6529:
172:
669:
1633:
677:
129:
57:
1647:
116:
142:
207:
194:
1094:
took place in 2008 across the South
Caucasus, contributing to further instability in the region, which is as intricate as the Middle East, due to the complex mix of religions (mainly Muslim and Orthodox Christian) and ethno-linguistic groups.
831:, Zoroastrianism lost its prevalence and only survived because of Persian power and influence still lingering in the region. Thus, the South Caucasus became the area of not only military, but also religious convergence, which often led to
1162:
4682:
704:, the region has been an arena for political, military, religious, and cultural rivalries and expansionism for centuries. Throughout its history, the region has come under control of various empires, including the
3656:
2276:"Приложение. Численность наличного населения городов, поселков городского типа, районов и районных центров СССР по данным переписи на 15 января 1970 года по республикам, краям и областям (кроме РСФСР)"
4301:
3745:
2055:"Joint Motion for a Resolution on closer ties between the EU and Armenia and the need for a peace agreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia | RC-B9-0163/2024 | European Parliament"
764:, all of which introduced their faiths and cultures. Throughout history, most of the South Caucasus was usually under the direct rule of the various in-Iran based empires and part of the
4611:
4382:
661:
settled in
Caucasia. These invasions influenced on the culture of the peoples of the South Caucasus. In parallel Middle Eastern influence disseminated the Iranian languages and
4642:
4623:
4652:
4412:
4254:
1157:
to
Georgia, which was confirmed on 14 December 2023. Georgia, thus becoming, the first country in the South Caucasus to receive EU candidate status. On 12 March 2024, the
4732:
4534:
2382:"The Results of 2011 Population Census of the Republic of Armenia (Figures of the Republic of Armenia), trilingual / Armenian Statistical Service of Republic of Armenia"
2147:ჯაოშვილი, ვახტანგ. საქართველოს მოსახლეობა XVIII–XX საუკუნეებში./Jaoshvili, Vakhtang. Population of Georgia in the XVIII–XX centuries. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 1984, pp. 95
2135:ჯაოშვილი, ვახტანგ. საქართველოს მოსახლეობა XVIII–XX საუკუნეებში./Jaoshvili, Vakhtang. Population of Georgia in the XVIII–XX centuries. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 1984, pp. 92
4647:
4635:
4424:
2811:
4667:
4692:
4362:
630:, a Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian, spoke about autochthonous peoples of the Caucasus in their books. In the Middle Ages, various people, including
4672:
2405:ჯაოშვილი, ვახტანგ. საქართველოს მოსახლეობა XVIII–XX საუკუნეებში./Jaoshvili, Vakhtang. Population of Georgia in the XVIII–XX centuries. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 1984.
4657:
2082:
4907:
4606:
1098:
Since their independence, the three countries have had varying degrees of success in their relations with Russia and other countries. In
Georgia, after the
4687:
4377:
75:
2460:
984:, which was known as Sanjak of Batum), to the Russians, who populated this new southern boundary mostly with undesirable citizens and tolerated heretics (
4618:
3681:
1061:
35:
411:, also fall within the region. Parts of Iran and Turkey are also included within the region of the South Caucasus. Goods produced in the region include
4389:
4154:
4110:
4149:
4529:
3740:
3696:
2759:
4749:
4677:
4630:
3800:
5019:
4986:
3996:
4929:
1684:
1057:
31:
4575:
1585:. Some experts speculate that the South Caucasus may be the birthplace of wine production. Archaeological excavations and carbon dating of
570:
6573:
4934:
4471:
4417:
3691:
2652:
6293:
6152:
4662:
4601:
3853:
1154:
1845:
4182:
6479:
4549:
1005:
were combined into a single czarist government-general, which was termed a vice-royalty in 1844-1881 and 1905–1917. Following the
4461:
4347:
4029:
3735:
3676:
6286:
6172:
4742:
3651:
292:. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the
6281:
6215:
4570:
2816:
2682:
2546:
1939:
6276:
6240:
6179:
4199:
3777:
3588:
2804:
1123:
1076:
859:
6269:
6264:
6210:
2880:
2619:
6138:
5012:
4466:
4337:
4187:
3671:
3603:
3503:
2862:
2794:
1972:
1898:
1709:
1080:
1072:
1067:
Both times these
Transcaucasian entities dissolved, although the region would remain politically bound together in the
6220:
4259:
3701:
3661:
2799:
2016:
1855:
1006:
977:
62:
1755:
6235:
6225:
6167:
6145:
6128:
6123:
6042:
4816:
4754:
4488:
4065:
2096:
574:), meaning " beyond the Caucasus". This implies a Russian vantage point, and is analogous to similar terms such as
2006:
7542:
6566:
6245:
6074:
5940:
5854:
5804:
4585:
4444:
3593:
1143:
1084:
6189:
4478:
3977:
3760:
2695:
800:
408:
17:
6499:
6484:
5005:
4863:
4434:
4407:
933:
929:
850:
The
Iranian Parthians established and installed several eponymous branches in the South Caucasus, namely the
796:
2419:
6532:
6184:
5814:
5541:
5246:
4451:
4357:
3686:
3474:
2899:
1185:
1135:
1119:
2352:
7260:
5671:
4806:
4580:
4128:
4115:
4022:
3277:
2728:
4801:
4239:
2614:
7562:
6559:
5849:
5834:
5132:
5117:
4710:
4539:
4266:
4144:
4122:
3772:
3750:
3598:
3267:
2630:
2054:
851:
3755:
2838:
2636:
1189:
Development of life expectancy in the countries of the South
Caucasus and in the neighboring countries
7466:
6230:
6162:
6133:
6118:
5859:
5784:
4917:
4722:
4495:
4229:
4204:
3646:
3625:
2754:
2675:
1714:
976:
and the remainder of the contemporary
Azerbaijani Republic that remained in Iranian hands. After the
855:
7557:
7436:
6757:
5819:
5736:
5319:
5032:
4249:
4219:
4214:
4119:
3765:
1652:
807:, among others. These kingdoms were later incorporated into various Iranian empires, including the
528:
481:
4997:
7547:
7532:
7441:
7378:
6466:
6157:
6064:
5741:
5451:
5446:
4912:
4352:
4321:
3843:
3782:
3666:
3412:
3228:
3223:
3014:
2828:
2789:
1725:
1699:
600:
546:
1931:
Russia at War: From the Mongol
Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond [2 volumes]
7491:
7486:
6629:
6443:
6250:
5844:
5647:
4894:
4853:
4843:
4429:
4015:
2843:
2823:
2733:
2353:"Population Dynamics in Georgia – An Overview Based on the 2014 General Population Census Data"
1964:
1694:
986:
832:
2226:
1929:
7481:
6536:
6400:
6320:
5963:
5864:
5473:
4924:
3863:
3620:
3539:
3489:
3211:
2646:
1992:
1888:
969:
1800:"The Caucasus Mountains form the boundary between West and East, between Europe and Asia..."
1056:
in 1918, the South
Caucasus region was unified into a single political entity twice, as the
6994:
6410:
5386:
5104:
4941:
4306:
4192:
3883:
3828:
3615:
3494:
3457:
3257:
3080:
2668:
1107:
879:
828:
492:
325:
2202:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1926 г. СССР, республики и их основные регионы"
8:
7415:
7138:
6966:
6802:
6664:
6619:
6059:
5724:
5661:
5637:
5468:
5329:
5275:
5216:
5187:
5127:
5122:
4737:
4727:
4554:
4439:
4170:
4090:
4075:
3407:
3341:
3182:
2895:
2885:
1158:
1150:
1139:
1046:
965:
898:
835:
with successive Persian empires (and later Muslim-ruled empires) on the one side and the
709:
452:
2201:
1173:
7552:
7280:
7158:
6347:
5968:
5931:
5809:
5255:
5177:
5137:
5112:
4879:
4848:
4838:
4316:
4280:
4070:
3908:
3517:
3439:
3434:
3289:
3249:
2929:
2919:
2718:
2583:
2507:
2183:
1957:
1916:
1730:
1297:
1091:
1053:
953:
894:
781:
313:
273:
7537:
7511:
7306:
7275:
7215:
7168:
6428:
6047:
5874:
5839:
5700:
5695:
5676:
5485:
5312:
5072:
4967:
4960:
4875:
4776:
4764:
4513:
4342:
4244:
4224:
4209:
4050:
4042:
3848:
3838:
3833:
3610:
3469:
3429:
3402:
3374:
3336:
3157:
3152:
2966:
2773:
2610:
Caucasian Review of International Affairs – an academic journal on the South Caucasus
2587:
2542:
2275:
2251:
2012:
1968:
1935:
1894:
1851:
1735:
1638:
1568:
1131:
1041:
994:
961:
808:
804:
705:
517:
472:
396:
385:
365:
281:
147:
4234:
2317:
2300:
1589:
from the area have dated back to 8000–5000 BC. Wine found in Iran has been dated to
7333:
7292:
7205:
7108:
7034:
6976:
6910:
6888:
6876:
6819:
6752:
6729:
6614:
6509:
6504:
6494:
6423:
6100:
6054:
5997:
5926:
5789:
5683:
5632:
5610:
5463:
5410:
5349:
4902:
4828:
4811:
4789:
4544:
3913:
3898:
3572:
3328:
3272:
3147:
3099:
3090:
3068:
3041:
2870:
2738:
2575:
891:
840:
753:
725:
721:
591:
561:
537:
377:
373:
353:
2833:
7476:
7461:
7373:
7252:
7153:
7148:
6954:
6949:
6932:
6841:
6814:
6709:
6704:
6684:
6679:
6594:
6395:
5896:
5884:
5869:
5824:
5774:
5714:
5656:
5617:
5605:
5598:
5507:
5324:
5307:
5282:
4976:
4883:
4870:
4858:
4833:
4823:
4759:
3970:
3955:
3943:
3875:
3719:
3417:
3379:
3369:
3120:
3034:
3029:
2703:
2625:
2480:
2122:
1890:
Regional Cooperation in the South Caucasus: Good Neighbours Or Distant Relatives?
1819:
1679:
1178:
1099:
918:
910:
816:
812:
765:
749:
745:
713:
500:
361:
357:
2566:
Shahinyan, Arsen K. (2022). "The Southern Boundaries of the Southern Caucasus".
7456:
7446:
7403:
7358:
7321:
7230:
7120:
6986:
6959:
6915:
6739:
6540:
6489:
6388:
6352:
6332:
6315:
6255:
6019:
5911:
5889:
5879:
5731:
5709:
5588:
5573:
5568:
5441:
5393:
5364:
5270:
5260:
4399:
4080:
3948:
3918:
3888:
3479:
3462:
3364:
3298:
3218:
3194:
3115:
3046:
2381:
1782:
1719:
1689:
1581:
1115:
945:
937:
914:
906:
844:
820:
777:
761:
741:
654:
651:
579:
293:
265:
2629:
2579:
2125:(in Azerbaijani). State Statistical Committee of Azerbaijan. 18 February 2019.
7526:
7328:
7316:
7287:
7225:
7143:
7133:
7059:
7009:
6999:
6942:
6851:
6846:
6831:
6724:
6719:
6699:
6694:
6669:
6607:
6514:
6383:
6375:
6342:
6079:
6029:
5921:
5916:
5906:
5756:
5719:
5627:
5622:
5524:
5429:
4981:
4784:
4483:
4311:
3986:
3938:
3903:
3893:
3554:
3484:
3262:
3104:
2987:
1666:
1130:
and other NATO states. All three South Caucasus countries are members of the
1103:
1026:
949:
902:
757:
737:
440:
424:
416:
177:
90:
77:
6582:
4794:
2340:
7210:
7093:
6871:
6772:
6639:
6634:
6418:
6357:
6337:
6327:
6037:
6009:
5764:
5502:
5436:
5405:
5354:
5226:
5155:
5092:
5082:
4105:
4100:
3858:
3630:
3544:
3531:
3306:
3177:
3085:
2992:
2982:
2971:
2939:
2924:
2424:
1068:
972:
that followed after the 1826-1828 war, Iran lost all of what is modern-day
922:
897:
dominated most of the South Caucasus. The region was then conquered by the
836:
824:
717:
685:
575:
448:
3682:
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (CCASG / GCC)
3169:
1844:
Wright, John; Schofield, Richard; Goldenberg, Suzanne (16 December 2003).
956:
that followed after the 1804-1813 war, Iran was forced to cede modern-day
672:
Contemporary political map of the Caucasus (including unrecognized states)
7498:
7471:
7420:
7388:
7242:
7173:
7014:
6836:
6824:
6624:
6474:
6433:
6364:
6069:
5958:
5901:
5829:
5779:
5666:
5642:
5531:
5369:
5287:
5265:
5241:
5087:
5077:
4367:
4095:
4085:
3991:
3449:
3127:
3019:
2934:
2904:
2853:
2465:
1586:
1293:
1030:
444:
345:
2601:
668:
7393:
7353:
7311:
7220:
7200:
7163:
7029:
7024:
7004:
6971:
6883:
6861:
6856:
6787:
6674:
6004:
5973:
5799:
5794:
5458:
5419:
5381:
5299:
5172:
5057:
5052:
4296:
3206:
3201:
3075:
2187:
2171:
1002:
823:
became the dominant religion in the region. However, after the rise of
769:
400:
285:
233:
229:
225:
134:
56:
2008:
Heretics and Colonizers: Forging Russia's Empire in the South Caucasus
676:
7301:
7265:
7071:
7066:
7019:
6767:
6451:
6110:
6084:
6014:
5992:
5985:
5769:
5546:
5480:
5376:
5199:
5182:
5067:
5062:
5036:
3389:
3311:
3235:
3189:
3142:
3024:
2953:
2908:
2723:
2084:Խորհրդային Հայաստանի բնակչությունը վերջին հարյուրամյակում (1831-1931)
1018:
883:
631:
623:
412:
381:
369:
341:
269:
39:
6551:
2645:
316:
and their lowlands, straddling the border between the continents of
7237:
7195:
7190:
7103:
7083:
7076:
6927:
6905:
6797:
6782:
6777:
6762:
5978:
5583:
5519:
5490:
5400:
5359:
5167:
5147:
5027:
4456:
3397:
3359:
3051:
3007:
2978:
2961:
2875:
2032:
1674:
1579:
are located, is one of the native areas of the wine-producing vine
957:
941:
773:
733:
681:
436:
431:. It remains one of the most politically tense regions in the post-
297:
164:
6654:
4007:
2172:"Demographic and Ethnographic Changes in Transcaucasia, 1897-1956"
1126:. Azerbaijan relies less on Russia, strategically partnering with
7398:
7383:
7368:
7348:
7343:
7269:
7185:
7128:
7098:
7054:
7049:
7044:
7039:
6893:
6866:
6792:
6714:
6689:
6649:
6644:
5950:
5688:
5578:
5536:
5424:
5236:
5231:
5160:
3549:
3508:
3351:
3316:
3132:
1989:
An Atlas of Russian History: Eleven Centuries of Changing Borders
1704:
1572:
1014:
998:
981:
973:
928:
After two wars in the first half of the 19th century, namely the
875:
871:
788:
772:
had to irrevocably cede the region (alongside its territories in
729:
658:
643:
404:
392:
337:
301:
277:
243:
121:
27:
Geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia
2660:
2089:
The population of Soviet Armenia in the last century (1831–1931)
1071:
in the form of the three separate Soviet Socialist Republics of
626:, a Greek historian who is known as 'the Father of History' and
7408:
7363:
7338:
7088:
6937:
6900:
6809:
6747:
6659:
6602:
6586:
6456:
5560:
5514:
5221:
5208:
4038:
3111:
2997:
2890:
2481:"'World's oldest wine' found in 8,000-year-old jars in Georgia"
1611:
1564:
1165:
requirements and that the country may apply for EU membership.
1161:
passed a resolution confirming Armenia meets Maastricht Treaty
1127:
1022:
792:
701:
697:
627:
432:
333:
329:
317:
212:
2609:
1917:"Caucasus and Iran" in Encyclopaedia Iranica, Multiple Authors
7451:
6307:
6202:
5746:
5044:
5028:
3424:
3063:
3058:
3002:
887:
662:
647:
635:
2095:(in Armenian). Yerevan: Pethrat. p. 167. Archived from
1033:
as its most south-westerly territory in the South Caucasus.
443:. Between 1878 and 1917, the Russian-controlled province of
7180:
5341:
4378:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
4372:
2691:
1864:
1576:
1111:
1010:
693:
639:
428:
349:
321:
199:
2615:
Caucasus Analytical Digest – Journal on the South Caucasus
2484:
2033:"European Commission Recommends EU Candidacy for Georgia"
1843:
1110:
into wider European society by opening up relations with
420:
324:, and extending southwards from the southern part of the
3697:
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
352:
in the east. The area includes the southern part of the
1029:, joined to this unit, and established the province of
2360:
UNFPA, National Statistics Office of Georgia (Geostat)
870:
In the middle of the 8th century, with the capture of
486:
395:
is in the South Caucasus; the majority of present-day
2606:– a multilingual online journal on the South Caucasus
2227:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1939 года"
605:
551:
312:
The South Caucasus spans the southern portion of the
1628:
952:, severing historic regional ties with Iran. By the
511:
2318:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г."
2301:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г."
2252:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1959 г."
1912:
1910:
1870:
1563:The South Caucasus, in particular where modern-day
1083:. All three regained independence in 1991 when the
1062:
Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
276:. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern
36:
Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
4390:Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
3692:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
2656:. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 172.
2341:Information from the 2001 Armenian National Census
1956:
1603:BC, while wine found in Georgia has been dated to
455:) were also incorporated into the South Caucasus.
2620:Transcaucasia (The Columbia Encyclopedia article)
7524:
2640:. Vol. 23 (9th ed.). pp. 513–515.
1907:
980:war, the Ottomans ceded Western Georgia (except
882:, most of the South Caucasus became part of the
288:, which are sometimes collectively known as the
1959:The Ghost of Freedom: A History of the Caucasus
865:
435:area, and contains two heavily disputed areas:
4348:Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO)
3677:Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
3652:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
1817:
1153:issued an official recommendation to grant EU
521:
6567:
5013:
4571:Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA)
4023:
2676:
1685:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
1060:from 9 April 1918 to 26 May 1918, and as the
1058:Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
32:Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
2536:
2345:
1875:. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. p. 108.
1813:
1811:
1809:
264:, is a geographical region on the border of
61:1994 map of Caucasus region prepared by the
1196:Historical population of the South Caucasus
463:Nowadays, the region is referred to as the
6574:
6560:
5020:
5006:
4255:Sovereign states and dependent territories
4030:
4016:
2683:
2669:
2334:
940:conquered most of the South Caucasus (and
582:. Other, rarer forms of this word include
4373:North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)
2624:
2565:
2505:
2458:
2080:
2005:Breyfogle, Nicholas Brenton (June 2005).
2004:
1806:
890:spread throughout the region. Later, the
4338:Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
3672:Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
2537:Spilling, Michael; Wong, Winnie (2008).
2518:(5). Archaeological Institute of America
2415:
2413:
2411:
2143:
2141:
1184:
1172:
1064:from 12 March 1922 to 5 December 1936.
1040:
827:and conversion of Caucasian kingdoms to
787:Ancient kingdoms of the region included
675:
667:
4111:Crisis situations and unrest since 2000
3702:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
3662:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
1927:
14:
7525:
4586:European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
1893:. Ashgate Publishing Ltd. p. 44.
1886:
1780:
1181:in the countries of the South Caucasus
6581:
6555:
5001:
4011:
2664:
2408:
2169:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2138:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
1873:Assyrian Royal Inscriptions: Volume I
768:. In the course of the 19th century,
1954:
993:In 1844, what comprises present-day
860:Arsacid dynasty of Caucasian Albania
784:of that century to Imperial Russia.
4452:European Union Customs Union (EUCU)
4435:European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP)
4037:
2541:. Marshall Cavendish. p. 128.
1963:. Oxford University Press. p.
1783:"The Caucasus: Troubled borderland"
24:
4581:Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC)
4358:European Political Community (EPC)
3657:Bay of Bengal Initiative (BIMSTEC)
2559:
2150:
2123:"Azərbaycanda dеmоqrаfik vəziyyət"
2106:
2065:
1774:
1710:EU Strategy for the South Caucasus
556:). The former name of the region,
25:
7574:
2690:
2595:
300:geographical region that divides
6528:
6527:
5860:West South Central United States
4066:Bibliography of European history
2182:(1). Middle East Institute: 48.
1781:Mulvey, Stephen (16 June 2000).
1659:
1645:
1631:
205:
192:
170:
157:
140:
127:
114:
55:
6075:Latin America and the Caribbean
5941:Latin America and the Caribbean
4733:Social (and financial) rankings
4535:Financial (and social) rankings
4445:Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
3647:Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
2530:
2499:
2473:
2459:Ellsworth, Amy (18 July 2012).
2452:
2443:
2440:pg 15 Simon & Schuster 1989
2430:
2399:
2374:
2310:
2293:
2268:
2244:
2219:
2194:
2129:
2047:
2025:
1998:
1981:
1762:. Library of Congress. May 2006
1168:
1144:Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
1102:in 2004, the country, like the
384:and the eastern portion of the
246:(5,203 metres (17,070 ft))
34:. For the Soviet republic, see
4353:Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)
3687:Mekong–Ganga Cooperation (MGC)
3667:Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)
2539:Cultures of The World: Georgia
1948:
1934:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 728–730.
1921:
1880:
1837:
1748:
1138:, and participate in the EU's
1118:. Armenia continues to foster
692:Located on the peripheries of
533:
13:
1:
4576:Eurasian Customs Union (EACU)
1741:
1615:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1036:
934:Russo-Persian War (1826-1828)
930:Russo-Persian War (1804-1813)
618:
296:together comprise the larger
153:Partially recognized country:
5542:Middle East and North Africa
5247:Middle East and North Africa
4430:European Economic Area (EEA)
2900:Middle East and North Africa
2626:Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch
2011:. Cornell University Press.
1871:Albert Kirk Grayson (1972).
1136:European Political Community
866:Middle ages and Russian rule
560:is a Latin rendering of the
458:
307:
7:
4302:International organisations
4129:Russian invasion of Ukraine
3278:Northern and southern China
1624:
606:
552:
512:
487:
356:mountain range, the entire
38:. For the plant genus, see
30:For the 1918 republic, see
10:
7579:
5835:Northeastern United States
4693:Electricity use per capita
4200:Largest metropolitan areas
2438:Vintage: The Story of Wine
1621:BC, was found in Armenia.
1054:fall of the Russian Empire
852:Arsacid dynasty of Armenia
613:
272:, straddling the southern
29:
7507:
7429:
7251:
7119:
6985:
6738:
6593:
6523:
6465:
6442:
6409:
6373:
6306:
6200:
6108:
6099:
6028:
5949:
5755:
5559:
5340:
5298:
5207:
5198:
5146:
5103:
5043:
4954:
4893:
4775:
4718:
4709:
4678:Health expense per capita
4594:
4563:
4525:
4521:
4512:
4398:
4330:
4292:
4288:
4279:
4178:
4169:
4137:
4058:
4049:
3964:
3931:
3874:
3824:
3817:
3793:
3736:Countries by average wage
3731:
3727:
3718:
3639:
3584:
3580:
3571:
3530:
3448:
3388:
3350:
3327:
3297:
3288:
3248:
3168:
2952:
2861:
2852:
2812:Countries and territories
2785:
2781:
2772:
2747:
2711:
2702:
2580:10.1163/1573384X-20220407
2461:"7,000 Year-old Wine Jar"
2081:Korkotyan, Zaven (1932).
1850:. Routledge. p. 72.
1847:Transcaucasian Boundaries
1715:Ibero-Caucasian languages
1291:
1007:1877-78 Russo-Turkish War
856:Arsacid dynasty of Iberia
780:) as a result of the two
595:
569:
541:
522:
504:
476:
239:
221:
106:
69:
54:
49:
6316:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
5320:Transantarctic Mountains
4908:Childhood population (%)
4643:GNI (nominal) per capita
4125:hybrid variant (2020-22)
2954:Intracontinental regions
2863:Transcontinental regions
2506:Berkowitz, Mark (1996).
1653:Georgia (country) portal
1149:On 8 November 2023, the
1122:, while also developing
6065:Caribbean South America
4343:Council of Europe (CoE)
4322:Transatlantic relations
3229:Maritime Southeast Asia
3224:Mainland Southeast Asia
2653:Encyclopædia Britannica
2637:Encyclopædia Britannica
2508:"World's Earliest Wine"
2170:Pipes, Richard (1959).
1887:German, Tracey (2012).
1824:Encyclopædia Britannica
1726:Peoples of the Caucasus
1700:Eurasian Economic Union
1558:
7543:Geography of West Asia
7492:Eastern Slovak Lowland
7487:Little Hungarian Plain
6630:Scandinavian Peninsula
5845:Southern United States
5648:Scandinavian Peninsula
3741:Countries by GDP (PPP)
3504:Philippine Archipelago
3475:Indonesian Archipelago
3170:Continental subregions
2059:www.europarl.europa.eu
1955:King, Charles (2008).
1928:Dowling, T.C. (2014).
1695:Eastern European Group
1190:
1182:
1085:Soviet Union dissolved
1049:
689:
680:Administrative map of
673:
665:religion in Caucasus.
496:
340:borders, and from the
7482:Great Hungarian Plain
7467:Pontic–Caspian steppe
6321:Antarctic Convergence
5865:Western United States
4683:Military spending (%)
4673:Unemployment rate (%)
4418:free trade agreements
4183:Areas and populations
3490:Greater Sunda Islands
3413:Indochinese Peninsula
2647:"Transcaucasia"
2631:"Transcaucasia"
2568:Iran and the Caucasus
1993:Yale University Press
1188:
1176:
1120:relations with Russia
1044:
970:Treaty of Turkmenchay
847:) on the other side.
679:
671:
91:42.26111°N 44.12111°E
63:U.S. State Department
6995:North European Plain
5387:Greater Central Asia
4688:Urban population (%)
4648:GNI (PPP) per capita
4193:European microstates
3495:Lesser Sunda Islands
3458:Japanese Archipelago
3337:Arabian subcontinent
3081:Greater Central Asia
2805:urban agglomerations
1818:Solomon Ilich Bruk.
360:mountain range, the
326:Main Caucasian Range
6967:East European Plain
6803:Carpathian Ruthenia
6533:Continents of Earth
6060:Brazilian Highlands
5469:Indian subcontinent
5330:Antarctic Peninsula
5128:Southern Hemisphere
5123:Northern Hemisphere
4668:Press Freedom Index
4595:Sovereign states by
4440:Eastern Partnership
4076:Classical antiquity
3589:Heads of government
3398:Anatolian Peninsula
3342:Indian subcontinent
3183:Soviet Central Asia
2962:Anatolia/Asia Minor
2896:Greater Middle East
2886:Mediterranean world
2176:Middle East Journal
2102:on 2 February 2022.
1199:
1159:European Parliament
1151:European Commission
1140:Eastern Partnership
1047:Eastern Partnership
966:Azerbaijan Republic
948:) from the Iranian
710:Neo-Assyrian Empire
534:samkhret k'avk'asia
391:All of present-day
344:in the west to the
87: /
7281:Tuscan Archipelago
7159:Cotentin Peninsula
6748:Danubian countries
6348:Great Barrier Reef
5969:Mainland Australia
5677:Apennine Peninsula
5138:Western Hemisphere
5113:Eastern Hemisphere
4807:Capital of Culture
4658:Internet users (%)
4550:Telecommunications
4317:Post-Soviet Europe
4155:predecessor states
3518:Mergui Archipelago
3440:Shandong Peninsula
3435:Liaodong Peninsula
2930:Indian Ocean world
2920:Indo-Mediterranean
2795:metropolitan areas
2755:Military conflicts
2719:Indian Ocean trade
2487:. 13 November 2011
2362:. 29 November 2017
2190:– via JSTOR.
1760:The World Factbook
1731:Post-Soviet states
1298:Russian Revolution
1193:
1191:
1183:
1092:Russo-Georgian War
1050:
968:to Russia. By the
964:, and most of the
954:Treaty of Gulistan
895:Kingdom of Georgia
892:Orthodox Christian
878:armies during the
782:Russo-Persian Wars
690:
674:
447:and the county of
366:Kura-Aras Lowlands
314:Caucasus Mountains
274:Caucasus Mountains
96:42.26111; 44.12111
7563:Regions of Europe
7520:
7519:
7512:Regions of Europe
7276:Italian Peninsula
7169:Upper Rhine Plain
6549:
6548:
6429:Mediterranean Rim
6302:
6301:
6241:Mediterranean Sea
6095:
6094:
6048:Amazon Rainforest
5875:Canadian Prairies
5840:Pacific Northwest
5701:Iberian Peninsula
5486:Arabian Peninsula
5313:Antarctic Plateau
5073:Three/Four Worlds
4995:
4994:
4950:
4949:
4705:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4564:Intergovernmental
4508:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4462:Foreign relations
4363:GUAM Organization
4331:Intergovernmental
4275:
4274:
4188:Countries by area
4165:
4164:
4116:COVID-19 pandemic
4005:
4004:
3927:
3926:
3813:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3714:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3640:Intergovernmental
3604:political parties
3567:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3526:
3525:
3470:Malay Archipelago
3430:Leizhou Peninsula
3403:Arabian Peninsula
3375:Mongolian Plateau
3360:Anatolian Plateau
3244:
3243:
3158:Russian Turkestan
3153:Chinese Turkestan
2800:tallest buildings
2768:
2767:
2603:Caucasian Journal
2548:978-0-7614-3033-9
2420:But was it plonk?
2035:. 8 November 2023
1941:978-1-59884-948-6
1736:Regions of Europe
1639:Azerbaijan portal
1610:BC. The earliest
1556:
1555:
1132:Council of Europe
1009:, Russia annexed
809:Achaemenid Empire
604:
550:
510:
485:
469:Southern Caucasia
386:Armenian Highland
250:
249:
16:(Redirected from
7570:
7452:Slavic countries
7293:Aegadian Islands
7109:Germania Slavica
6977:Cap of the North
6911:Greater Caucasus
6877:Karelian Isthmus
6820:Sambia Peninsula
6730:Cap of the North
6576:
6569:
6562:
6553:
6552:
6531:
6530:
6510:Global Southwest
6505:Global Southeast
6495:Global Northwest
6490:Global Northeast
6480:Global Heartland
6424:Indian Ocean Rim
6106:
6105:
5998:Island Melanesia
5689:Balkan Peninsula
5464:Himalayan states
5411:Russian Far East
5205:
5204:
5133:Water Hemisphere
5022:
5015:
5008:
4999:
4998:
4970:
4963:
4716:
4715:
4540:Free trade areas
4523:
4522:
4519:
4518:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4176:
4175:
4056:
4055:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4009:
4008:
3980:
3973:
3822:
3821:
3801:Property markets
3766:renewable energy
3746:Countries by HDI
3729:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3582:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3425:Korean Peninsula
3408:Indian Peninsula
3295:
3294:
3148:Afghan Turkestan
3100:Global Southeast
3091:Greater Khorasan
3069:Russian Far East
3042:Greater Mongolia
2859:
2858:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2709:
2708:
2685:
2678:
2671:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2649:
2641:
2633:
2591:
2553:
2552:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2456:
2450:
2447:
2441:
2434:
2428:
2417:
2406:
2403:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2378:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2367:
2357:
2349:
2343:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2167:
2148:
2145:
2136:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2119:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2094:
2078:
2063:
2062:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2002:
1996:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1962:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1925:
1919:
1914:
1905:
1904:
1884:
1878:
1876:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1815:
1804:
1803:
1796:
1794:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1752:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1655:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1641:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1620:
1617:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1592:
1200:
1197:
1192:
1155:candidate status
1124:ties with the EU
880:Arab–Khazar wars
841:Byzantine Empire
833:bitter conflicts
829:the new religion
609:
599:
597:
573:
562:Russian-language
555:
545:
543:
535:
532:
525:
524:
523:სამხრეთ კავკასია
515:
509:romanized:
508:
506:
490:
488:Haravayin Kovkas
480:
478:
477:Հարավային Կովկաս
403:, including the
378:Lankaran Lowland
374:Talysh Mountains
362:Colchis Lowlands
354:Greater Caucasus
328:of southwestern
290:Caucasian States
256:, also known as
240:Highest mountain
211:
209:
208:
198:
196:
195:
176:
174:
173:
163:
161:
160:
146:
144:
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133:
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99:
98:
97:
92:
88:
85:
84:
83:
80:
59:
47:
46:
21:
7578:
7577:
7573:
7572:
7571:
7569:
7568:
7567:
7558:Regions of Asia
7523:
7522:
7521:
7516:
7503:
7477:Pannonian Basin
7462:Eurasian Steppe
7425:
7374:Opuntian Locris
7247:
7154:Channel Islands
7149:English Channel
7115:
6981:
6955:Southern Russia
6950:Taman Peninsula
6933:European Russia
6842:Lithuania Minor
6815:Sloboda Ukraine
6734:
6710:Channel Islands
6705:English Channel
6685:Gulf of Finland
6680:Gulf of Bothnia
6589:
6580:
6550:
6545:
6519:
6461:
6438:
6405:
6369:
6298:
6287:South China Sea
6196:
6139:Central America
6091:
6024:
5945:
5897:Northern Mexico
5885:Northern Canada
5870:Atlantic Canada
5825:Mountain states
5751:
5606:European Russia
5599:Southern Russia
5555:
5508:Iranian Plateau
5336:
5325:West Antarctica
5308:East Antarctica
5294:
5194:
5142:
5118:Land Hemisphere
5099:
5039:
5026:
4996:
4991:
4973:
4966:
4959:
4946:
4930:Life expectancy
4918:genetic history
4889:
4824:Classical music
4771:
4760:Bologna Process
4723:Ages of consent
4697:
4607:Budget revenues
4590:
4559:
4500:
4394:
4326:
4271:
4161:
4133:
4091:Early modernity
4045:
4036:
4006:
4001:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3960:
3956:Pacific Century
3944:Chinese Century
3923:
3870:
3854:Life expectancy
3805:
3789:
3783:high-speed rail
3756:Stock exchanges
3706:
3635:
3559:
3522:
3509:Visayan Islands
3444:
3418:Malay Peninsula
3384:
3380:Tibetan Plateau
3370:Iranian Plateau
3346:
3323:
3299:Supercontinents
3284:
3240:
3164:
3121:Southern Levant
3035:Outer Manchuria
3030:Northeast China
2948:
2848:
2764:
2743:
2698:
2689:
2644:
2598:
2562:
2560:Further reading
2557:
2556:
2549:
2535:
2531:
2521:
2519:
2504:
2500:
2490:
2488:
2479:
2478:
2474:
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2448:
2444:
2435:
2431:
2418:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2390:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2365:
2363:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2339:
2335:
2325:
2323:
2321:Демоскоп Weekly
2316:
2315:
2311:
2304:Демоскоп Weekly
2299:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2282:
2280:Демоскоп Weekly
2274:
2273:
2269:
2259:
2257:
2255:Демоскоп Weekly
2250:
2249:
2245:
2235:
2233:
2231:Демоскоп Weekly
2225:
2224:
2220:
2210:
2208:
2206:Демоскоп Weekly
2200:
2199:
2195:
2168:
2151:
2146:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2121:
2120:
2107:
2099:
2092:
2079:
2066:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2019:
2003:
1999:
1987:Allen F. Chew.
1986:
1982:
1975:
1953:
1949:
1942:
1926:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1885:
1881:
1869:
1865:
1858:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1820:"Transcaucasia"
1816:
1807:
1792:
1790:
1779:
1775:
1765:
1763:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1680:Caucasus Greeks
1665:
1660:
1658:
1651:
1646:
1644:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1618:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1561:
1294:First World War
1195:
1179:life expectancy
1177:Development of
1171:
1100:Rose Revolution
1045:Members of the
1039:
868:
839:(and later the
819:, during which
817:Sassanid Empire
813:Parthian Empire
762:Russian Empires
621:
616:
527:
461:
358:Lesser Caucasus
310:
217:
206:
204:
193:
191:
188:
187:
182:
171:
169:
158:
156:
151:
141:
139:
128:
126:
115:
113:
95:
93:
89:
86:
81:
78:
76:
74:
73:
65:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7576:
7566:
7565:
7560:
7555:
7550:
7548:Eastern Europe
7545:
7540:
7535:
7533:South Caucasus
7518:
7517:
7515:
7514:
7508:
7505:
7504:
7502:
7501:
7496:
7495:
7494:
7489:
7484:
7474:
7469:
7464:
7459:
7457:European Plain
7454:
7449:
7444:
7439:
7433:
7431:
7427:
7426:
7424:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7412:
7411:
7406:
7404:Gulf of Chania
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7359:Aegean Islands
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7331:
7326:
7325:
7324:
7322:Meseta Central
7319:
7314:
7304:
7299:
7298:
7297:
7296:
7295:
7285:
7284:
7283:
7273:
7257:
7255:
7249:
7248:
7246:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7234:
7233:
7231:Meseta Central
7228:
7223:
7213:
7208:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7177:
7176:
7166:
7161:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7131:
7125:
7123:
7117:
7116:
7114:
7113:
7112:
7111:
7101:
7096:
7091:
7086:
7081:
7080:
7079:
7074:
7064:
7063:
7062:
7052:
7047:
7042:
7037:
7032:
7027:
7022:
7017:
7012:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6991:
6989:
6983:
6982:
6980:
6979:
6974:
6969:
6964:
6963:
6962:
6960:Kola Peninsula
6957:
6952:
6947:
6946:
6945:
6930:
6925:
6924:
6923:
6921:South Caucasus
6918:
6916:North Caucasus
6913:
6903:
6898:
6897:
6896:
6886:
6881:
6880:
6879:
6874:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6834:
6829:
6828:
6827:
6817:
6812:
6807:
6806:
6805:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6775:
6770:
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6744:
6742:
6736:
6735:
6733:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6637:
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6611:
6610:
6599:
6597:
6591:
6590:
6579:
6578:
6571:
6564:
6556:
6547:
6546:
6544:
6543:
6541:Physical Earth
6524:
6521:
6520:
6518:
6517:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6471:
6469:
6463:
6462:
6460:
6459:
6454:
6448:
6446:
6440:
6439:
6437:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6415:
6413:
6407:
6406:
6404:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6392:
6391:
6380:
6378:
6371:
6370:
6368:
6367:
6362:
6361:
6360:
6355:
6353:Mariana Trench
6350:
6340:
6335:
6333:Atlantic Ocean
6330:
6325:
6324:
6323:
6312:
6310:
6304:
6303:
6300:
6299:
6297:
6296:
6294:Southern Ocean
6291:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6282:East China Sea
6274:
6273:
6272:
6262:
6261:
6260:
6259:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6216:Atlantic Ocean
6213:
6207:
6205:
6198:
6197:
6195:
6194:
6193:
6192:
6187:
6177:
6176:
6175:
6170:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6149:
6148:
6143:
6142:
6141:
6136:
6121:
6115:
6113:
6103:
6097:
6096:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6089:
6088:
6087:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6051:
6050:
6045:
6034:
6032:
6026:
6025:
6023:
6022:
6020:Remote Oceania
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
6001:
6000:
5990:
5989:
5988:
5983:
5982:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5955:
5953:
5947:
5946:
5944:
5943:
5938:
5937:
5936:
5935:
5934:
5929:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5894:
5893:
5892:
5890:Western Canada
5887:
5882:
5880:Eastern Canada
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5761:
5759:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5749:
5744:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5728:
5727:
5722:
5717:
5707:
5706:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5693:
5692:
5691:
5681:
5680:
5679:
5669:
5664:
5654:
5653:
5652:
5651:
5650:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5615:
5614:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5594:South Caucasus
5591:
5589:North Caucasus
5581:
5571:
5565:
5563:
5557:
5556:
5554:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5550:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5529:
5528:
5527:
5522:
5512:
5511:
5510:
5500:
5499:
5498:
5496:South Caucasus
5488:
5478:
5477:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5456:
5455:
5454:
5449:
5439:
5434:
5433:
5432:
5427:
5417:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5413:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5391:
5390:
5389:
5374:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5365:Aralkum Desert
5362:
5352:
5346:
5344:
5338:
5337:
5335:
5334:
5333:
5332:
5322:
5317:
5316:
5315:
5304:
5302:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5279:
5278:
5273:
5263:
5253:
5252:
5251:
5250:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5219:
5213:
5211:
5202:
5196:
5195:
5193:
5192:
5191:
5190:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5164:
5163:
5156:Africa-Eurasia
5152:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5109:
5107:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5096:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5049:
5047:
5041:
5040:
5025:
5024:
5017:
5010:
5002:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4972:
4971:
4964:
4956:
4955:
4952:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4945:
4944:
4939:
4938:
4937:
4927:
4922:
4921:
4920:
4910:
4905:
4899:
4897:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4887:
4873:
4868:
4867:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4820:
4819:
4817:film festivals
4809:
4804:
4799:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4781:
4779:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4769:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4752:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4719:
4713:
4707:
4706:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4639:
4638:
4628:
4627:
4626:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4604:
4598:
4596:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4567:
4565:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4526:
4516:
4510:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4481:
4476:
4475:
4474:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4442:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4421:
4420:
4415:
4404:
4402:
4400:European Union
4396:
4395:
4393:
4392:
4387:
4386:
4385:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4334:
4332:
4328:
4327:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4293:
4283:
4277:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4220:Extreme points
4217:
4215:Climate change
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4185:
4179:
4173:
4167:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4147:
4141:
4139:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4126:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4081:Late antiquity
4078:
4073:
4068:
4062:
4060:
4053:
4047:
4046:
4035:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4012:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3982:
3981:
3974:
3966:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3949:Indian Century
3946:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3880:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3825:
3819:
3815:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3797:
3795:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3785:
3780:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3732:
3722:
3716:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3596:
3594:Heads of state
3591:
3585:
3575:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3536:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3501:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3492:
3482:
3480:Maluku Islands
3467:
3466:
3465:
3463:Ryukyu Islands
3454:
3452:
3446:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3394:
3392:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3365:Deccan Plateau
3362:
3356:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3339:
3333:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3303:
3301:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3265:
3260:
3254:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3219:Southeast Asia
3216:
3215:
3214:
3204:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3195:Northeast Asia
3187:
3186:
3185:
3174:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3140:
3138:South Caucasus
3135:
3130:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3083:
3073:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3047:Inner Mongolia
3039:
3038:
3037:
3032:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2964:
2958:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2932:
2922:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2888:
2878:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2824:Extreme points
2821:
2820:
2819:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2786:
2776:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2749:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2736:
2734:Decolonisation
2731:
2726:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2688:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2665:
2659:
2658:
2642:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2597:
2596:External links
2594:
2593:
2592:
2574:(4): 418–424.
2561:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2547:
2529:
2498:
2472:
2451:
2442:
2429:
2407:
2398:
2373:
2344:
2333:
2309:
2292:
2267:
2243:
2218:
2193:
2149:
2137:
2128:
2105:
2064:
2046:
2024:
2017:
1997:
1980:
1974:978-0199884322
1973:
1947:
1940:
1920:
1906:
1900:978-1409407218
1899:
1879:
1863:
1856:
1836:
1805:
1773:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1720:North Caucasus
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1690:Eastern Europe
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1656:
1642:
1626:
1623:
1582:Vitis vinifera
1560:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1170:
1167:
1116:European Union
1038:
1035:
946:North Caucasus
938:Russian Empire
867:
864:
845:Russian Empire
821:Zoroastrianism
778:North Caucasus
620:
617:
615:
612:
584:Trans-Caucasus
580:Transleithania
558:Transcaucasia,
553:Yuzhnyy Kavkaz
465:South Caucasus
460:
457:
453:Iğdır Province
309:
306:
294:North Caucasus
266:Eastern Europe
254:South Caucasus
248:
247:
241:
237:
236:
223:
219:
218:
216:
215:
202:
185:
184:
183:
181:
180:
167:
154:
137:
124:
110:
108:
104:
103:
71:
67:
66:
60:
52:
51:
50:South Caucasus
26:
18:Transcaucasian
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7575:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7554:
7551:
7549:
7546:
7544:
7541:
7539:
7536:
7534:
7531:
7530:
7528:
7513:
7510:
7509:
7506:
7500:
7497:
7493:
7490:
7488:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7479:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7434:
7432:
7428:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7416:Mediterranean
7414:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7336:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7329:Gibraltar Arc
7327:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7317:Baetic System
7315:
7313:
7310:
7309:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7294:
7291:
7290:
7289:
7288:Insular Italy
7286:
7282:
7279:
7278:
7277:
7274:
7271:
7267:
7264:
7263:
7262:
7259:
7258:
7256:
7254:
7250:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7232:
7229:
7227:
7226:Baetic System
7224:
7222:
7219:
7218:
7217:
7214:
7212:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7184:
7182:
7179:
7175:
7172:
7171:
7170:
7167:
7165:
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7144:British Isles
7142:
7140:
7137:
7135:
7134:Low Countries
7132:
7130:
7127:
7126:
7124:
7122:
7118:
7110:
7107:
7106:
7105:
7102:
7100:
7097:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7085:
7082:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7069:
7068:
7065:
7061:
7060:Czech Silesia
7058:
7057:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7046:
7043:
7041:
7038:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7026:
7023:
7021:
7018:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7010:Alpine states
7008:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6993:
6992:
6990:
6988:
6984:
6978:
6975:
6973:
6970:
6968:
6965:
6961:
6958:
6956:
6953:
6951:
6948:
6944:
6943:Arctic Circle
6941:
6940:
6939:
6936:
6935:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6908:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6895:
6892:
6891:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6869:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6847:Nemunas Delta
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6832:Curonian Spit
6830:
6826:
6823:
6822:
6821:
6818:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6804:
6801:
6800:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6745:
6743:
6741:
6737:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6725:Nemunas Delta
6723:
6721:
6720:Curonian Spit
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6700:British Isles
6698:
6696:
6695:Faroe Islands
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6609:
6608:Arctic Circle
6606:
6605:
6604:
6601:
6600:
6598:
6596:
6592:
6588:
6584:
6577:
6572:
6570:
6565:
6563:
6558:
6557:
6554:
6542:
6538:
6534:
6526:
6525:
6522:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6472:
6470:
6468:
6464:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6449:
6447:
6445:
6441:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6416:
6414:
6412:
6408:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6390:
6387:
6386:
6385:
6382:
6381:
6379:
6377:
6372:
6366:
6363:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6345:
6344:
6343:Pacific Ocean
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6322:
6319:
6318:
6317:
6314:
6313:
6311:
6309:
6305:
6295:
6292:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6279:
6278:
6277:Pacific Ocean
6275:
6271:
6268:
6267:
6266:
6263:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6243:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6231:Caribbean Sea
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6208:
6206:
6204:
6199:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6182:
6181:
6178:
6174:
6173:by population
6171:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6147:
6146:South America
6144:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6130:
6129:North America
6127:
6126:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6116:
6114:
6112:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6098:
6086:
6083:
6082:
6081:
6080:Southern Cone
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6055:Andean States
6053:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6039:
6036:
6035:
6033:
6031:
6030:South America
6027:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
5999:
5996:
5995:
5994:
5991:
5987:
5984:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5960:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5952:
5948:
5942:
5939:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5924:
5923:
5920:
5919:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5762:
5760:
5758:
5757:North America
5754:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5726:
5723:
5721:
5720:Low Countries
5718:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5711:
5708:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5697:
5696:South-western
5694:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5685:
5684:South-eastern
5682:
5678:
5675:
5674:
5673:
5672:South-central
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5662:Mediterranean
5660:
5659:
5658:
5655:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5628:British Isles
5626:
5624:
5621:
5620:
5619:
5616:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5600:
5597:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5576:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5564:
5562:
5558:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5533:
5530:
5526:
5525:Levantine Sea
5523:
5521:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5513:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5501:
5497:
5494:
5493:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5483:
5482:
5479:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5461:
5460:
5457:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5444:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5422:
5421:
5418:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5407:
5404:
5403:
5402:
5399:
5395:
5392:
5388:
5385:
5384:
5383:
5380:
5379:
5378:
5375:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5345:
5343:
5339:
5331:
5328:
5327:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5309:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5301:
5297:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5257:
5254:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5229:
5228:
5225:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5217:Mediterranean
5215:
5214:
5212:
5210:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5197:
5189:
5186:
5185:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5102:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5030:
5023:
5018:
5016:
5011:
5009:
5004:
5003:
5000:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4969:
4965:
4962:
4958:
4957:
4953:
4943:
4940:
4936:
4933:
4932:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4919:
4916:
4915:
4914:
4913:Ethnic groups
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4774:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4708:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4632:
4629:
4625:
4622:
4621:
4620:
4619:GDP (nominal)
4617:
4613:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4593:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4562:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4524:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4511:
4497:
4494:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4484:Schengen Area
4482:
4480:
4477:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4410:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4391:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4329:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4291:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4278:
4268:
4265:
4261:
4260:by population
4258:
4257:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4136:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4033:
4028:
4026:
4021:
4019:
4014:
4013:
4010:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3979:
3975:
3972:
3968:
3967:
3963:
3957:
3954:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3939:Asian Century
3937:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3865:
3864:ethnic groups
3862:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3823:
3820:
3816:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3771:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3556:
3555:Tropical Asia
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3533:
3532:Biogeographic
3529:
3519:
3516:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3505:
3502:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3485:Sunda Islands
3483:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3471:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3393:
3391:
3387:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3329:Subcontinents
3326:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3300:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3237:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3191:
3188:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3167:
3159:
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3149:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3105:Greater India
3103:
3102:
3101:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3077:
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3067:
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3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2988:Greater China
2986:
2985:
2984:
2980:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2959:
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2851:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2818:
2817:by population
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2788:
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2517:
2513:
2509:
2502:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2455:
2449:Johnson pg 17
2446:
2439:
2436:Hugh Johnson
2433:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2402:
2387:
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2197:
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2144:
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2132:
2124:
2118:
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2112:
2110:
2098:
2090:
2086:
2085:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2034:
2028:
2020:
2018:0-8014-4242-7
2014:
2010:
2009:
2001:
1995:, 1967. pp 74
1994:
1990:
1984:
1976:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1960:
1951:
1943:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1924:
1918:
1913:
1911:
1902:
1896:
1892:
1891:
1883:
1874:
1867:
1859:
1857:9781135368500
1853:
1849:
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1777:
1761:
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1751:
1747:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:(Ciscaucasia)
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
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1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
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1667:Europe portal
1657:
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1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1104:Baltic states
1101:
1096:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1063:
1059:
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996:
991:
989:
988:
983:
979:
975:
971:
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963:
959:
955:
951:
950:Qajar dynasty
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
926:
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920:
916:
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904:
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826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
785:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
766:Iranian world
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
744:, successive
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
687:
683:
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664:
660:
656:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
611:
608:
602:
593:
589:
588:Transcaucasus
585:
581:
577:
572:
567:
563:
559:
554:
548:
539:
530:
519:
514:
502:
498:
497:Cənubi Qafqaz
494:
489:
483:
474:
470:
466:
456:
454:
451:(present-day
450:
446:
442:
441:South Ossetia
438:
434:
430:
426:
425:citrus fruits
422:
418:
417:manganese ore
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
389:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
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335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
262:Transcaucasus
259:
258:Transcaucasia
255:
245:
242:
238:
235:
231:
227:
224:
220:
214:
203:
201:
190:
189:
186:Related areas
179:
178:South Ossetia
168:
166:
155:
152:
149:
138:
136:
125:
123:
112:
111:
109:
105:
100:
72:
68:
64:
58:
53:
48:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
7334:Southeastern
7211:Gulf of Lion
7094:Transdanubia
6920:
6889:Southeastern
6872:East Karelia
6773:Transylvania
6640:Baltoscandia
6635:Fennoscandia
6620:Northwestern
6539: /
6537:List of seas
6535: /
6500:Global South
6485:Global North
6419:Atlantic Rim
6358:Ring of Fire
6338:Indian Ocean
6328:Arctic Ocean
6270:Persian Gulf
6265:Indian Ocean
6246:Adriatic Sea
6211:Arctic Ocean
6043:Amazon Basin
6038:Amazon Plain
6010:Near Oceania
5815:Mid-Atlantic
5765:Aridoamerica
5725:Northwestern
5638:Northwestern
5611:Southeastern
5593:
5503:Greater Iran
5495:
5442:Southeastern
5437:Pacific Asia
5406:Pacific Asia
5394:Northeastern
5350:Asia–Pacific
5093:Fourth World
5083:Second World
4895:Demographics
4854:Christianity
4802:Architecture
4755:Universities
4663:Minimum wage
4602:Average wage
4106:Pax Europaea
4101:World War II
3829:Demographics
3631:Pan-Asianism
3616:Human rights
3545:Indo-Pacific
3540:Eastern Asia
3450:Archipelagos
3307:Afro-Eurasia
3178:Central Asia
3137:
3086:Greater Iran
2993:China proper
2983:Pacific Asia
2972:South Arabia
2940:Pacific Asia
2925:Indo-Pacific
2871:Asia–Pacific
2854:Geopolitical
2651:
2635:
2602:
2571:
2567:
2538:
2532:
2520:. Retrieved
2515:
2511:
2501:
2489:. Retrieved
2475:
2464:
2454:
2445:
2437:
2432:
2425:Boston Globe
2423:
2401:
2389:. Retrieved
2385:
2376:
2364:. Retrieved
2359:
2347:
2336:
2324:. Retrieved
2320:
2312:
2303:
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2279:
2270:
2258:. Retrieved
2254:
2246:
2234:. Retrieved
2230:
2221:
2209:. Retrieved
2205:
2196:
2179:
2175:
2131:
2097:the original
2088:
2083:
2058:
2049:
2037:. Retrieved
2027:
2007:
2000:
1988:
1983:
1958:
1950:
1930:
1923:
1889:
1882:
1872:
1866:
1846:
1839:
1827:. Retrieved
1823:
1799:
1798:
1791:. Retrieved
1786:
1776:
1764:. Retrieved
1759:
1750:
1580:
1562:
1550:
1531:
1512:
1493:
1474:
1455:
1436:
1420:
1401:
1385:
1369:
1352:
1336:
1317:
1292:
1285:
1266:
1232:
1194:
1169:Demographics
1148:
1097:
1089:
1069:Soviet Union
1066:
1051:
992:
985:
927:
869:
849:
837:Roman Empire
825:Christianity
786:
691:
688:, 1957–1991.
622:
587:
583:
576:Transnistria
565:
557:
542:Южный Кавказ
513:Agyrt Kavkaz
505:Агырҭ Кавказ
468:
464:
462:
449:Surmalu uezd
390:
311:
289:
261:
257:
253:
251:
150:
44:
7499:Macaronesia
7472:Wild Fields
7421:Alpide belt
7389:Peloponnese
7243:Alpide belt
7174:Upper Rhine
7015:Alpide belt
6837:Izium Trail
6825:Amber Coast
6665:West Nordic
6625:Scandinavia
6515:Global West
6475:Global East
6434:Pacific Rim
6376:waterbodies
6365:World Ocean
6190:New Zealand
6070:The Guianas
5959:Australasia
5902:West Indies
5830:New England
5810:Great Lakes
5780:Mesoamerica
5667:Middle East
5643:Scandinavia
5532:Middle East
5370:Caspian Sea
5276:Great Lakes
5256:Sub-Saharan
5242:Middle East
5105:Hemispheres
5088:Third World
5078:First World
5031:'s primary
4925:Immigration
4489:Visa policy
4472:enlargement
4368:Open Balkan
4307:Integration
4150:Sovereignty
4096:World War I
4086:Middle Ages
3258:Austronesia
3128:Mesopotamia
3020:Malay world
2935:Pacific Rim
2905:Middle East
2760:Sovereignty
2729:Imperialism
2512:Archaeology
2466:Penn Museum
1619: 4000
1614:, dated to
1608: 8000
1601: 5000
1594: 7400
1587:grape seeds
1362:1,050,633
1257:1,014,255
1209:Azerbaijan
1108:integrating
1031:Kars Oblast
925:dynasties.
607:Transkavkaz
596:Транскавказ
493:Azerbaijani
445:Kars Oblast
346:Caspian Sea
94: /
70:Coordinates
7527:Categories
7394:Chalkidiki
7354:Aegean Sea
7312:Al-Andalus
7221:Al-Andalus
7201:Septimania
7164:Doggerland
7030:Westphalia
7025:Eastphalia
7005:Baltic Sea
6972:Ryn Desert
6884:Lokhaniemi
6862:Vyborg Bay
6857:Baltic Sea
6788:Bessarabia
6675:Baltic Sea
6256:Ionian Sea
6251:Aegean Sea
6221:Baltic Sea
6153:Antarctica
6005:Micronesia
5974:New Guinea
5932:Portuguese
5855:West Coast
5805:East Coast
5800:Bible Belt
5795:Appalachia
5474:Subregions
5382:Inner Asia
5300:Antarctica
5200:Continents
5173:Antarctica
5148:Landmasses
5058:Down Under
5053:Arab World
5037:subregions
4942:Retirement
4844:Philosophy
4839:Literature
4743:endangered
4636:per capita
4624:per capita
4612:per capita
4496:Statistics
4383:statistics
4297:Eurosphere
4071:Prehistory
4059:Chronology
3909:Philosophy
3899:Literature
3761:Technology
3751:Currencies
3390:Peninsulas
3268:Sinosphere
3263:Indosphere
3212:Subregions
3207:South Asia
3202:North Asia
3076:Inner Asia
2712:Chronology
2391:10 January
2386:armstat.am
2366:2 February
2039:7 February
1829:3 December
1756:"Caucasus"
1742:References
1551:15,654,658
1547:3,713,804
1544:8,922,000
1541:3,018,854
1532:15,157,711
1528:3,991,300
1525:7,953,400
1522:3,213,011
1519:1999–2002
1513:15,743,484
1509:5,400,841
1506:7,037,867
1503:3,304,776
1494:14,056,956
1490:4,993,182
1487:6,026,515
1484:3,037,259
1475:12,295,312
1471:4,686,358
1468:5,117,081
1465:2,491,873
1452:4,044,045
1449:3,697,717
1446:1,763,048
1417:3,540,023
1414:3,205,150
1411:1,282,338
1333:2,666,494
1330:2,314,571
1314:2,677,000
1311:1,863,000
1282:2,357,800
1279:2,353,700
1263:2,697,500
1260:2,278,245
1245:2,014,300
1229:1,919,400
1226:1,806,700
1163:Article 49
1077:Azerbaijan
1052:After the
1037:Modern era
1003:Azerbaijan
960:, Eastern
858:, and the
815:, and the
770:Qajar Iran
706:Achaemenid
619:Prehistory
571:Закавказье
566:Zakavkazye
409:Nakhchivan
401:Azerbaijan
286:Azerbaijan
222:Time Zones
135:Azerbaijan
82:44°07′16″E
79:42°15′40″N
7553:West Asia
7302:Occitania
7266:Po Valley
7139:Northwest
7072:Pomerelia
7067:Pomerania
7020:Rhineland
6768:Wallachia
6452:Antarctic
6236:Irish Sea
6226:Black Sea
6185:Australia
6134:Caribbean
6111:continent
6085:Patagonia
6015:Polynesia
5993:Melanesia
5986:Zealandia
5964:Australia
5850:Southwest
5770:Caribbean
5547:Near East
5188:submerged
5183:Zealandia
5178:Australia
5068:Old World
5063:New World
4935:by region
4795:sculpture
4750:Tattooing
4738:Languages
4728:Etiquette
4631:GDP (PPP)
4555:Transport
4425:Education
4413:relations
4240:Mountains
4171:Geography
3849:Languages
3839:Etiquette
3834:Education
3773:Transport
3611:Democracy
3599:Elections
3312:Afro-Asia
3236:West Asia
3190:East Asia
3143:Turkestan
3025:Manchuria
3015:Indochina
2909:Near East
2839:Mountains
2774:Geography
2724:Silk Road
2588:254388941
1456:9,504,810
1437:9,000,000
1421:8,027,511
1402:7,110,000
1386:6,976,000
1370:6,775,000
1353:6,273,000
1337:5,861,529
1318:5,321,000
1286:5,705,282
1276:993,782
1267:5,990,000
1242:877,322
1233:4,524,953
1223:798,853
1025:from the
978:1828-1829
884:Caliphate
726:Byzantine
722:Sassanian
632:Scythians
624:Herodotus
601:romanized
547:romanized
529:romanized
482:romanized
459:Etymology
382:Javakheti
348:coast of
342:Black Sea
308:Geography
270:West Asia
234:UTC+03:00
230:UTC+03:30
226:UTC+04:00
107:Countries
40:Astrantia
7538:Caucasus
7437:Germanic
7238:Pyrenees
7196:Brittany
7191:Normandy
7104:Germania
7084:Bukovina
7077:Kashubia
6928:Kabardia
6906:Caucasus
6798:Ruthenia
6783:Bukovina
6778:Moldavia
6763:Volhynia
5979:Tasmania
5927:Hispanic
5790:Northern
5737:Germanic
5715:Atlantic
5657:Southern
5618:Northern
5584:Caucasus
5520:Dead Sea
5491:Caucasus
5459:Southern
5452:Maritime
5447:Mainland
5420:Northern
5401:Far East
5360:Aral Sea
5283:Southern
5227:Northern
4977:Category
4880:Armorial
4849:Religion
4790:painting
4479:Politics
4457:Eurozone
4281:Politics
4267:Villages
4145:Military
4138:By topic
4043:articles
3987:Category
3914:Religion
3778:airports
3626:Military
3573:Politics
3352:Plateaus
3290:Physical
3250:Cultural
3052:Mongolia
3008:Xinjiang
2979:Far East
2876:Caucasus
2748:By topic
2739:Cold War
2696:articles
2628:(1888).
2491:26 April
1675:Caucasus
1625:See also
1538:2009–14
1327:880,464
1308:780,000
1305:1920–22
1273:1916–17
1212:Georgia
1206:Armenia
1114:and the
1106:, began
1027:Ottomans
987:sektanty
958:Dagestan
942:Dagestan
932:and the
919:Afsharid
774:Dagestan
754:Afsharid
734:Abbassid
714:Parthian
682:Caucasus
518:Georgian
473:Armenian
437:Abkhazia
370:Qaradagh
338:Armenian
298:Caucasus
165:Abkhazia
7442:Romance
7430:Related
7399:Aetolia
7384:Megaris
7369:Boeotia
7349:Balkans
7344:Rumelia
7270:Padania
7206:Batavia
7186:Gascony
7129:Benelux
7099:Polesia
7055:Silesia
7050:Moravia
7045:Bohemia
7040:Lusatia
7035:Prussia
6987:Central
6894:Balkans
6867:Karelia
6793:Livonia
6758:Galicia
6753:Prussia
6715:Livonia
6690:Iceland
6650:Gotland
6645:Jutland
6583:Regions
6180:Oceania
6168:by area
6124:America
6101:Islands
5951:Oceania
5820:Midwest
5775:Central
5742:Romance
5710:Western
5579:Balkans
5574:Eastern
5569:Central
5537:Mashriq
5481:Western
5425:Siberia
5377:Eastern
5355:Central
5288:Western
5261:Central
5237:Mashriq
5232:Maghreb
5222:Saharan
5168:America
5161:Eurasia
5033:regions
4961:Outline
4876:Symbols
4864:Judaism
4829:Cuisine
4777:Culture
4765:Erasmus
4711:Society
4530:History
4514:Economy
4467:Members
4408:Economy
4245:Regions
4230:Islands
4225:Geology
4210:Climate
4051:History
3971:Outline
3894:Cuisine
3876:Culture
3818:Society
3794:Markets
3720:Economy
3550:Malesia
3317:Eurasia
3273:Nanyang
3133:Siberia
2829:Islands
2704:History
2522:25 June
2326:9 April
2285:9 April
2260:9 April
2236:9 April
2211:9 April
2188:4323084
1705:Eurovoc
1596:BC and
1573:Armenia
1569:Georgia
1081:Georgia
1073:Armenia
1015:Ardahan
999:Armenia
995:Georgia
982:Adjaria
974:Armenia
962:Georgia
944:in the
915:Ottoman
911:Safavid
876:Umayyad
874:by the
872:Derbend
805:Albania
801:Armenia
789:Colchis
760:), and
750:Safavid
746:Iranian
742:Ottoman
730:Umayyad
684:in the
663:Islamic
659:Mongols
644:Khazars
614:History
603::
592:Russian
549::
538:Russian
484::
405:exclave
397:Georgia
393:Armenia
334:Turkish
332:to the
302:Eurasia
282:Georgia
278:Armenia
260:or the
244:Shkhara
148:Georgia
122:Armenia
7447:Celtic
7409:Istria
7379:Phocis
7364:Attica
7339:Epirus
7307:Iberia
7216:Iberia
7089:Istria
7000:Baltic
6938:Arctic
6901:Crimea
6852:Baltic
6810:Donbas
6670:Baltic
6660:Ingria
6615:Nordic
6603:Arctic
6587:Europe
6467:Global
6457:Arctic
6396:Rivers
6374:Other
6308:Oceans
6163:Europe
6119:Africa
5912:French
5785:Middle
5747:Slavic
5732:Celtic
5633:Nordic
5623:Baltic
5561:Europe
5515:Levant
5209:Africa
5045:Worlds
4982:Portal
4903:Ageing
4812:Cinema
4545:Energy
4250:Rivers
4205:Cities
4041:
4039:Europe
3992:Portal
3932:Future
3889:Cinema
3859:People
3844:Health
3112:Levant
2998:Taiwan
2967:Arabia
2891:MENASA
2844:Rivers
2790:Cities
2694:
2586:
2545:
2186:
2091:]
2015:
1971:
1938:
1897:
1854:
1793:1 July
1766:7 July
1612:winery
1565:Turkey
1215:TOTAL
1134:, the
1128:Turkey
1023:Batumi
1001:, and
936:, the
907:Turkic
903:Mongol
899:Seljuk
854:, the
811:, the
797:Iberia
793:Urartu
738:Mongol
702:Turkey
698:Russia
657:, and
652:Seljuq
628:Strabo
520::
501:Abkhaz
433:Soviet
427:, and
376:, the
372:, the
364:, the
330:Russia
318:Europe
284:, and
213:Turkey
210:
197:
175:
162:
145:
132:
119:
7261:Italy
7253:South
6655:Sápmi
6595:North
6444:Polar
6389:lists
6384:Lakes
6203:ocean
5922:Ibero
5917:Latin
5907:Anglo
5029:Earth
4968:Index
4884:Flags
4871:Sport
4859:Islam
4834:Dance
4235:Lakes
4120:Delta
3978:Index
3919:Sport
3904:Music
3116:Syria
3064:Korea
3059:Japan
3003:Tibet
2834:Lakes
2584:S2CID
2356:(PDF)
2184:JSTOR
2100:(PDF)
2093:(PDF)
2087:[
1877:§716.
1789:. BBC
1500:1989
1481:1979
1462:1970
1443:1959
1427:1956
1408:1939
1392:1933
1376:1932
1359:1931
1343:1929
1324:1926
1254:1914
1239:1908
1220:1897
1203:Year
923:Qajar
888:Islam
758:Qajar
718:Roman
655:Turks
648:Arabs
636:Alani
564:word
7181:Gaul
7121:West
6740:East
6401:Seas
6158:Asia
5430:Ural
5342:Asia
5271:Horn
5266:East
5035:and
4987:Maps
4123:cron
4118:and
3997:Maps
2881:EMEA
2692:Asia
2543:ISBN
2524:2008
2493:2020
2393:2018
2368:2022
2328:2022
2287:2022
2262:2022
2238:2022
2213:2022
2041:2024
2013:ISBN
1969:ISBN
1936:ISBN
1895:ISBN
1852:ISBN
1831:2014
1795:2009
1787:News
1768:2009
1577:Iran
1575:and
1559:Wine
1296:and
1142:and
1112:NATO
1090:The
1079:and
1021:and
1019:Agri
1011:Kars
921:and
886:and
843:and
803:and
700:and
694:Iran
686:USSR
640:Huns
586:and
578:and
439:and
429:wine
399:and
350:Iran
336:and
322:Asia
320:and
268:and
252:The
232:and
200:Iran
6585:of
6411:Rim
6201:By
6109:By
4785:Art
4653:HDI
4312:Law
3884:Art
3621:Law
2576:doi
2485:BBC
1146:.
990:).
610:).
467:or
421:tea
413:oil
407:of
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1965:65
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