1757:
132:
1745:
1789:
1773:
1729:
924:
starał-jemsia w rozmaitych misciach obradki i pisny ruskoho wesila póznaty i pérekonał-jemsia że prynajmni szczo do hołownych obradkiw i pisnéj wsiude tymże samym sposobom wesilesia widprawlaje. I toj sposób opysałjem w nynijszуj knyżoczci dodajuczy jednako hdenekodyj i miscowyi widminy. Moim najperszym i najbohatszym a nawet́ i nihdy newyczerpanym źridłom, z kotorohom tyi widomosty czerpał, było dopytowanie po sełach tych ludej, kotryi czasto na wesilach bywały i wesilnyi uŕady pistowały. Nykotorych obradkiw był jem sam okozritelnym świdkom.
939:
25:
2344:
309:
1756:
923:
W tym opysi skazuju, jaksia wesile po sełach meży prostym ruskim ludom widprawlaje. Ne mohu jednako utrymowaty, jakoby toj sposób wesile widprawlaty wsiude newidminni był zachowanym; bo hdenekodyj szczoś dodajut, hdeinde szczoś wypuskajut, a znowu hdeinde szczoś widminiajut. Syła w mojej syli było,
276:. Proposals for Latinization, if not imposed for outright political reasons, have always been politically charged, and have never been generally accepted, although some proposals to create an official Latin alphabet for Ukrainian language have been expressed lately by national
529:
The first version of the system was codified in
Decision No. 9 of the Ukrainian Committee on Issues of Legal Terminology on 19 April 1996, stating that the system is binding for the transliteration of Ukrainian names in English in legislative and official acts.
537:, on 27 January 2010. This modified earlier laws and brought together a unified system for official documents, publication of cartographic works, signs and indicators of inhabited localities, streets, stops, subway stations, etc.
1744:
580:
131:
2233:
2611:
2603:
2396:
2507:
485:, Borys Tkachenko, and Mykola Nakonechnyi proposed the application of the more "international" Latin script to Ukrainian, but the idea was opposed by Soviet government representatives.
1772:
603:, in which "Ukrainian will soon, along with other European languages, take its rightful place in multilingual natural language processing scenarios, including machine translation."
2294:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2210:
2443:
2447:
2325:
Josyp
Lozynskyj (1834). "On the Introduction of the Polish Alphabet to Ruthenian (Ukrainian) Writing", «О wprowadzeniu abecadła polskiego do pismiennictwa ruskiego».
1427:
In modern
Ukraine, use of Latin alphabets for the Ukrainian language is very rare. However, discussions of a united format of Latynka and its status still continue.
1788:
518:
and many countries' foreign services. It is currently widely used to represent
Ukrainian geographic names and for personal names in passports. It is based on
2004:
1728:
526:
characters with no diacritics. It can be considered a variant of the "modified
Library of Congress system" but does not simplify the -ий and -ій endings.
219:
2200:
The
Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine Resolution from January 27, 2010 N 55 About Arranging of transliteration of Ukrainian alphabet with Latin alphabet
2451:
592:
588:
2016:
544:), held in New York on 30 July and 10 August 2012, approved the Ukrainian system of romanization. The BGN/PCGN jointly adopted the system in 2020.
2403:
2087:. scientific consultant Iryna Rudenko; reviewed by Nataliia Kizilowa; translated by Olha Khodzinska. Kyiv: DerzhHeoKadastr and Kartographia.
2463:
2459:
2000:
89:
2348:
960:
61:
42:
2475:
2079:
2213:, "It is an adoption of the Ukrainian national system in use since 2010, and supersedes the BGN/PCGN 1965 System for Ukrainian."
68:
1435:
Comparison of several romanization systems for
Ukrainian and historical versions of Ukrainian Latin alphabet in example of the
293:) is usually not intended for native speakers, and may be designed for certain academic requirements or technical constraints.
575:
On 1 April 2022, the "Cyrillic-Latin transliteration and Latin-Cyrillic retransliteration of
Ukrainian texts. Writing rules" (
2092:
630:. Although never broadly accepted, it was used mostly by Ukrainians living in territories near Poland (where it was called
2054:"Guidance on the US Board on Geographic Names (BGN)/Permanent Committee on Geographical Names (PCGN) romanization systems"
75:
2607:
2599:
2501:
2359:
2354:
1950:"Official Ukrainian-English transliteration system adopted by the Ukrainian Legal Terminology Commission (in English)"
2285:
986:
108:
57:
2467:
968:
382:
took an interest in this concept and managed to gain support for the project in the
Imperial Ministry of Interior.
393:
attempted to impose this Latin alphabet on
Ukrainian publications in 1859. This started a fierce publicly debated
1988:
534:
201:
458:
2630:
2497:
2389:
964:
494:
46:
547:
Official geographic names are romanized directly from the original Ukrainian and not translated. For example,
2549:
2545:
2519:
2515:
2483:
2276:
Simovyč, V.; Rudnyckyj, J.B. (1982) . "The History of Ukrainian Orthography". In Kubijovyč, Volodymyr (ed.).
1949:
316:, 1835) by Yosyp Lozynskyi which was a presentation of his Latin alphabet for Ruthenian (Ukrainian) language.
390:
533:
The current 2010 version is used for transliterating all proper names was approved as Resolution 55 of the
366:
developed a Latin alphabet for Ukrainian in 1852, based on the Polish and Czech alphabets (adopting Czech
215:
211:
626:
were used in the Ukrainian Łatynka as stated above, which also has a close resemblance to the Belarusian
576:
540:
It has been adopted internationally. The 27th session of the UN Group of Experts on Geographical Names (
331:
In the nineteenth century, there were attempts to introduce the Latin script into Ukrainian writing, by
2135:"Cyrillic-Latin transliteration and Latin-Cyrillic retransliteration of Ukrainian texts. Writing rules"
1735:
2134:
82:
1868:
1810:
1805:
500:
141:
2166:
Due to etymological considerations, É é and Ó ó are sometimes employed, for denoting the same sound.
2120:
2078:
Syvak, Nina; Ponomarenko, Valerii; Khodzinska, Olha; Lakeichuk, Iryna (2011). Veklych, Lesia (ed.).
2635:
949:
355:
2053:
1936:
1840:
1436:
953:
587:
standard and was developed by the Technical Committee 144 "Information and Documentation" of the
332:
35:
2378:— automatic transliteration of web pages, provides several romanization tables and a rule editor
1815:
197:
2412:
1910:
1460:
2222:
8:
1820:
1779:
1572:
563:
519:
432:
421:
269:
308:
2570:
2108:
1859:
1835:
1825:
398:
300:
extension to transliterate Ukrainian texts from Cyrillic to Latin script on web pages.
249:
238:
165:
2245:
2566:
2370:
2281:
2088:
1830:
1380:). Jireček mistakenly believed there are three types of L in Ukrainian – hard (hart)
359:
261:
462:
394:
2188:
999:
379:
2455:
2436:
spelling is based on Russian pre-revolutionary orthography; obligatory after the
2425:
2264:" (The Latin script in Ukrainian orthography: retrospective and perspective), in
1973:
1763:
623:
389:
campaign in Galicia during the period of neo-absolutist rule after 1849, Viceroy
363:
336:
284:
273:
265:
2199:
1984:
244:
The Latin alphabet has been proposed or imposed several times in the history in
2421:
2261:
1750:"Ruthenian Calendar" for those who did not understand Cyrillic, 1910 (abecadło)
1003:
596:
515:
474:
428:
277:
2624:
2511:
2487:
2176:
482:
348:
187:
180:
2471:
441:
386:
326:
289:
234:
2364:
2246:Ярослав Михайлишин Транслітерація чи латинська абетка для української мови
2155:
2029:
1974:Рішення Української Комісії з питань правничої термінології (in Ukrainian)
2479:
553:
408:
A Latin alphabet for Ukrainian publications was also imposed in Romanian
354:
The use of the Latin script for Ukrainian was promoted by authorities in
2578:
2381:
2003:, paper presented on East Central and South-East Europe Division of the
617:
1564:
584:
409:
2320:
Review of the Introduction of the Polish Alphabet to Ruthenian Writing
627:
343:), a Ukrainian scholar and priest from Lviv (Josyp Łozyński Ivanovyč,
268:
in a tradition going back to the introduction of Christianity and the
2081:
Toponymic Guidelines for Map and Other Editors for International Use
938:
24:
2437:
2431:
2367:(scroll to bottom of page) which transcribes Ukrainian into Latynka
2269:
2077:
436:
417:
413:
207:
154:
2375:
2137:. State Scientific and Technical Library of Ukraine. 29 March 2022
1953:
2539:
600:
511:
478:
245:
172:
1911:"Ukrajinsjka Latynka | Українська латинка – Add-ons for Firefox"
2343:
541:
140:
street plates written in Cyrillic and governmental standard of
2262:
Latynka v ukrayins’komu pravopysi: retrospektyva i perspektyva
523:
237:
used for writing, transliteration and retransliteration of
137:
1794:
History of Poland, Lithuania and Ruthenia, 1879 (abecadło)
1442:
2280:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 517–18.
1407:(as Jireček distinguished і < о and і < е, ѣ; e.g.
1885:
1873:
2300:
Contemporary literature concerning the Alphabet Wars:
2019:
prepared for the UNGEGN session by Ukrainian Experts.
2005:
United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names
1555:
595:, it could be used in future cooperation between the
505:
287:
of Ukrainian from Cyrillic into the Latin script (or
2189:
The Law of Ukraine About the State Anthem of Ukraine
1618:
I pokaz͡hem, shcho my, bratti͡a, kozat͡s'koho rodu.
1606:
Shche nam, bratti͡a molodiï, usmikhnet'si͡a doli͡a.
206:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
1939:
W Peremyszły, w Typografii Władycznój gr. kat. 1835
1738:" by Taras Shevchenko, published in 1940 (abecadło)
1006:orthography (except some letters like ć, ń, ś, ź).
405:), and in the end the Latin alphabet was rejected.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2211:Romanization Of Ukrainian, BGN/PCGN 2019 Agreement
1623:Shche nam, brattya molodiyi, usmikhnet'sya dolya.
1537:Shche nam, brattja molodiji, usmikhnetjsja dolja.
912:As example, the Introduction of Josyp Łozynśkyj's
1635:I pokazhem, shcho my, brattya, kozats'koho rodu.
1608:Zhynut' nashi vorizhen'ky, i͡ak rosa na sont͡si,
1549:I pokazhem, shcho my, brattja, kozacjkogho rodu.
589:State Scientific and Technical Library of Ukraine
283:While superficially similar to a Latin alphabet,
2622:
2371:Online romanizer of Ukrainian texts and websites
2304:Markijan Szaszkewicz. Azbuka i abecadło (1836).
2275:
1625:Z·hynut' nashi vorizhen'ky, yak rosa na sontsi,
1515:I pokazhem, shcho my, brattia, kozatskoho rodu.
1503:Shche nam, brattia molodii, usmikhnetsia dolia.
220:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
2234:Romanization Of Ukrainian, BGN/PCGN 1965 System
1929:
1927:
1879:
1702:Šče nam, brattja molodiji, usmixnetjsja dolja.
1668:Szcze nam, brattia molodii, usmichneťsia dola.
1610:Zapanui͡em i my, bratti͡a, u svoïĭ storont͡si.
1539:Zghynutj nashi vorizhenjku, jak rosa na sonci.
510:This is the official transliteration system of
477:, during the 1927 orthographical conference in
248:, but has never replaced the dominant Cyrillic
16:Latin script versions of the Ukrainian alphabet
1978:
1680:I pokażem, szczo my, brattia, kozaćkoho rodu.
1505:Zghynut nashi vorizhenky, yak rosa na sontsi,
1349:which is used in place of Old Church Slavonic
378:following the same pattern). Czech politician
2397:
1714:I pokažem, ščo my, brattja, kozacjkoho rodu.
1685:Šče nam, bratťa molodiji, usmichnet sě doľa.
1641:
1627:Zapanuyem i my, brattya, u svoyiy storontsi.
1520:Ŝe nam, brattja molodiï, usmixnetjsja dolja.
2223:ALA-LC Romanization Tables, Ukrainian (2011)
1924:
1706:Zapanujem i my, brattja, u svojij storonci.
1704:Zhynutj naši voriženjky, jak rosa na sonci,
1616:Dushu ĭ tilo my poloz͡hym za nashu svobodu,
1541:Zapanujem i my, brattja, u svojij storonci.
1532:I pokažem, ŝo my, brattja, kozacjkoǧo rodu.
1522:Zǧynutj naši voriženjky, jak rosa na sonci.
1507:Zapanuiem i my, brattia, u svoii storontsi.
2360:Alphabet War in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
1697:I pokažem, ščo my, bratťa, kozaćkoho rodu.
1689:Zapanujem i my, bratťa, u svojij storonci.
1672:Zapanujem i my, brattia, u swoij storonci.
1670:Zhynuť naszi woriżeńky, jak rosa na sonci,
1633:Dushu y tilo my polozhym za nashu svobodu,
1621:Shche ne vmerla Ukrayiny i slava, i volya.
1604:Shche ne vmerla Ukraïny i slava, i voli͡a.
1601:Ì pokažem, ŝo mi, brattâ, kozac'kogo rodu.
1591:Zginut' našì vorìžen'ki, âk rosa na soncì.
1547:Dushu j tilo my polozhym za nashu svobodu,
1535:Shche ne vmerla Ukrajiny i slava, i volja,
1524:Zapanujem i my, brattja, u svoïj storonci.
1513:Dushu y tilo my polozhym za nashu svobodu,
1498:І покажем, що ми, браття, козацького роду.
1488:Згинуть наші воріженьки, як роса на сонці.
1002:proposed an alphabet based more closely on
967:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2582:
2404:
2390:
1687:Zhynut naši vorüžeńky, jak rosa na sonci,
1678:Duszu j tiło my położym za naszu swobodu,
1589:Ŝe nam, brattâ molodìï, usmìhnet'sâ dolâ.
1501:Shche ne vmerla Ukrainy i slava, i volia.
1486:Ще нам, браття молодії, усміхнеться доля.
296:The Mozilla Add-ons website published the
2411:
2179:, where it comes from the etymological л.
1700:Šče ne vmerla Ukrajiny i slava, i volja.
1666:Szcze ne wmerła Ukrainy i sława, i wola.
1593:Zapanuêm ì mi, brattâ, u svoïj storoncì.
1490:Запануєм і ми, браття, у своїй сторонці.
1403:, which derives from Old Church Slavonic
987:Learn how and when to remove this message
495:Spread of the Latin script § Ukraine
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
2476:Orthography of Smal-Stotskyi and Gartner
1778:A prayer book for children published in
1695:Dušu j tilo my položym za našu svobodu,
1683:Šče ne vmerla Ukrajiny i slava, i voľa.
1599:Dušu j tìlo mi položim za našu svobodu,
1530:Dušu j tilo my položym za našu svobodu,
1496:Душу й тіло ми положим за нашу свободу,
312:Frontpage of the book "Ruskoje wesile" (
307:
2278:Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopædia, Vol. 1
2236:, Superseded by BGN/PCGN 2019 Agreement
1712:Dušu j tilo my položym za našu svobodu,
1443:Official Ukrainian romanization systems
1388:and potentiated hard (potenziert hart)
639:The Ukrainian Latin alphabet: Abecadło
2623:
1587:Ŝe ne vmerla Ukraïni ì slava, ì volâ,
1518:Ŝe ne vmerla Ukaïny i slava, i volja,
1484:Ще не вмерла України і слава, і воля,
2385:
2315:– 'The Alphabet War in Galicia 1859'.
2595:Draft Ukrainian orthography rejected
2586:
965:adding citations to reliable sources
932:
928:
583:. The standard is based on modified
210:. For the distinction between ,
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
2612:Draft Ukrainian orthography of 2008
2608:Draft Ukrainian orthography of 2003
2604:Draft Ukrainian orthography of 1999
2600:Draft Ukrainian orthography of 1939
2376:Ukraïnśka Latynka Browser Extension
13:
2254:
1556:Non-Ukrainian romanization systems
1422:
641:(a western Ukrainian publication,
506:Ukrainian National transliteration
255:
14:
2647:
2336:
1967:
1359:sěhnuty, děkovaly, ščěstje, devěť
570:
2342:
1787:
1771:
1755:
1743:
1727:
937:
449:in 1876, replacing the digraphs
130:
23:
2239:
2227:
2216:
2204:
2193:
2182:
2169:
2160:
2149:
2127:
2071:
2046:
1989:Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine
1645:
1559:
1446:
535:Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine
488:
468:
320:
202:International Phonetic Alphabet
34:needs additional citations for
2295:Ruthenian Wedding Sample Text
2022:
2009:
2001:Romanization system in Ukraine
1994:
1942:
1903:
1853:
1414:
1395:
1364:
1341:
1:
2313:Азбучна війна в Галичині 1859
2030:"UNGEGN WGRS. Resolution X/9"
1896:
1430:
916:('Ruthenian Wedding', 1834):
642:
606:
445:) including the Latin letter
1409:кість - küsť, гвіздь - hvüźď
1303:
1274:
1240:
1211:
1177:
1148:
1114:
1085:
1051:
1022:
875:
846:
812:
783:
749:
720:
686:
657:
195: This article contains
7:
2498:Ukrainian People's Republic
1886:
1874:
1799:
1782:, 1904 (Hungarian alphabet)
1008:
636:
622:Some letters borrowed from
611:
435:promoted a purely phonemic
10:
2652:
2468:Orthography of Sheikovskyi
2444:Orthography of Kamenetskyi
1720:
1642:Historical Latin Alphabets
615:
498:
492:
324:
303:
264:has been written with the
58:"Ukrainian Latin alphabet"
2594:
2561:
2538:
2495:
2448:Orthography of Pavlovskyi
2419:
2268:, no 23. (in Ukrainian,
2260:Chornovol, Ihor (2001), "
1880:
1863:
1811:Belarusian Latin alphabet
1806:Romanization of Ukrainian
1456:Ukrainian National System
1333:
1270:
1207:
1144:
1081:
1018:
905:
842:
779:
716:
653:
581:State Standard of Ukraine
501:Romanization of Ukrainian
457:, similar to the earlier
402:
193:
178:
171:
161:
149:
129:
123:
2508:Orthography of 1918-1921
2349:Ukrainian Latin alphabet
1846:
1762:Authograph of a poem by
1478:DSTU 9112:2021, System B
1473:DSTU 9112:2021, System A
231:Ukrainian Latin alphabet
124:Ukrainian Latin alphabet
2175:Also used for в in the
1468:BGN/PCGN 2019 Agreement
1437:State Anthem of Ukraine
559:Pivnichnokrymskyi kanal
514:, also employed by the
198:phonetic transcriptions
2587:on the basis of Gajica
1816:Russian Latin alphabet
1418:In foreign words only.
340:
317:
2631:Ukrainian orthography
2413:Ukrainian orthography
2355:Latynka's Orthography
1766:(gajica and abecadło)
1571:Library of Congress (
616:Further information:
499:Further information:
493:Further information:
427:In Ukraine under the
325:Further information:
311:
2351:at Wikimedia Commons
1841:Gaj's Latin alphabet
961:improve this section
522:, and requires only
43:improve this article
2562:Ukrainian alphabets
2550:Orthography of 2019
2546:Orthography of 1993
2532:Orthography of 1990
2528:Orthography of 1960
2524:Orthography of 1946
2520:Orthography of 1933
2516:Orthography of 1928
2484:Orthography of 1904
2365:Latynka transcriber
2318:J. Łewićki (1834).
1875:Ukrainśka latynycia
1864:Українська латиниця
1821:Latinisation (USSR)
1780:Carpathian Ruthenia
1015:
650:
591:. According to the
564:North Crimean Canal
520:English orthography
433:Mykhailo Drahomanov
358:under the Austrian
298:Ukrajinsjka Latynka
270:Old Church Slavonic
233:is the form of the
1991:, January 27, 2010
1836:Slovak orthography
1826:Polish orthography
1384:, soft (erweicht)
1009:
637:
579:) was approved as
391:Agenor Gołuchowski
368:č, š, ž, dž, ď, ť,
318:
250:Ukrainian alphabet
2618:
2617:
2441:
2347:Media related to
2330:Азбука і abecadło
2156:"Latynska abetka"
2094:978-966-475-839-7
1985:Resolution no. 55
1913:. Firefox Add-ons
1872:
1831:Czech orthography
1718:
1717:
1639:
1638:
1553:
1552:
1338:
1337:
1012:Jireček's project
997:
996:
989:
929:Jireček's project
910:
909:
314:Ruthenian wedding
262:literary language
227:
226:
119:
118:
111:
93:
2643:
2435:
2406:
2399:
2392:
2383:
2382:
2346:
2291:
2248:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2186:
2180:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2158:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2118:
2114:
2112:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2086:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2026:
2020:
2013:
2007:
1998:
1992:
1982:
1976:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1952:. Archived from
1946:
1940:
1931:
1922:
1921:
1919:
1918:
1907:
1890:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1877:
1867:
1865:
1857:
1791:
1775:
1759:
1747:
1731:
1646:
1560:
1447:
1417:
1398:
1367:
1344:
1016:
992:
985:
981:
978:
972:
941:
933:
651:
647:
644:
463:Serbian alphabet
404:
395:Alphabetical War
223:
217:
213:
134:
121:
120:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2636:Latin alphabets
2621:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2590:
2557:
2534:
2491:
2456:Shashkevychivka
2452:Maksymovychivka
2426:Austria-Hungary
2415:
2410:
2339:
2288:
2257:
2255:Further reading
2252:
2251:
2244:
2240:
2232:
2228:
2221:
2217:
2209:
2205:
2198:
2194:
2187:
2183:
2174:
2170:
2165:
2161:
2154:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2116:
2115:
2106:
2105:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2084:
2076:
2072:
2063:
2061:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2038:
2036:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2014:
2010:
1999:
1995:
1983:
1979:
1972:
1968:
1959:
1957:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1937:Ruskoje wesile.
1932:
1925:
1916:
1914:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1893:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1802:
1795:
1792:
1783:
1776:
1767:
1764:Yuriy Fedkovych
1760:
1751:
1748:
1739:
1732:
1723:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1644:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1558:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1466:
1445:
1433:
1425:
1423:Modern versions
1013:
993:
982:
976:
973:
958:
942:
931:
645:
640:
620:
614:
609:
573:
508:
503:
497:
491:
471:
459:Karadžić reform
364:Franz Miklosich
360:Habsburg Empire
329:
323:
306:
285:transliteration
266:Cyrillic script
258:
256:Characteristics
194:
183:
157:
145:
125:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2649:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2616:
2615:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2544:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2506:
2504:
2493:
2492:
2430:
2428:
2422:Russian Empire
2417:
2416:
2409:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2338:
2337:External links
2335:
2334:
2333:
2326:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2286:
2273:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2238:
2226:
2215:
2203:
2192:
2181:
2168:
2159:
2148:
2126:
2117:|website=
2093:
2070:
2045:
2021:
2008:
1993:
1977:
1966:
1941:
1923:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1786:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1742:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1698:
1681:
1663:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1619:
1602:
1584:
1583:
1577:
1568:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1533:
1516:
1499:
1481:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1453:
1444:
1441:
1432:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1412:
1393:
1376:+ cons. (e.g.
1372:in old Slavic
1362:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1011:
995:
994:
945:
943:
936:
930:
927:
926:
925:
921:
914:Ruskoje Wesile
908:
907:
903:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
874:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
845:
844:
840:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
811:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
789:
786:
782:
781:
777:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
748:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
719:
718:
714:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
685:
684:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
666:
663:
660:
656:
655:
613:
610:
608:
605:
597:European Union
577:SSOU 9112:2021
572:
571:DSTU 9112:2021
569:
549:Kyivska oblast
516:United Nations
507:
504:
490:
487:
475:Soviet Ukraine
470:
467:
455:ја, је, јu, јі
439:alphabet (the
429:Russian Empire
345:Ruskoje wesile
341:Józef Łoziński
322:
319:
305:
302:
278:intelligentsia
260:The Ukrainian
257:
254:
225:
224:
218:⟩, see
191:
190:
184:
179:
176:
175:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
153:
151:
147:
146:
135:
127:
126:
117:
116:
99:September 2022
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2648:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2512:Pankevychivka
2509:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2488:Hrinchenkivka
2485:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2439:
2433:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2420:times of the
2418:
2414:
2407:
2402:
2400:
2395:
2393:
2388:
2387:
2384:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2345:
2341:
2340:
2331:
2328:M. Šaškevyč.
2327:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2311:Ivan Franko.
2310:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2287:0-8020-3105-6
2283:
2279:
2274:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2247:
2242:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2219:
2212:
2207:
2201:
2196:
2190:
2185:
2178:
2177:syllable coda
2172:
2163:
2157:
2152:
2136:
2130:
2122:
2110:
2096:
2090:
2083:
2082:
2074:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2018:
2012:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1970:
1956:on 2008-09-26
1955:
1951:
1945:
1938:
1935:
1934:J. Lozinskiy.
1930:
1928:
1912:
1906:
1902:
1888:
1876:
1870:
1861:
1856:
1852:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1790:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1753:
1746:
1741:
1737:
1730:
1725:
1724:
1699:
1682:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1620:
1603:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1580:BGN/PCGN 1965
1578:
1576:
1574:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1561:
1534:
1517:
1500:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1464:
1463:Resolution 55
1462:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1440:
1438:
1428:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1017:
1014:
1007:
1005:
1001:
1000:Josef Jireček
991:
988:
980:
977:November 2021
970:
966:
962:
956:
955:
951:
946:This section
944:
940:
935:
934:
922:
919:
918:
917:
915:
904:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
841:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
784:
778:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
750:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
715:
711:
708:
705:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
687:
682:
679:
676:
673:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
652:
649:
635:
633:
629:
625:
619:
604:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
568:
566:
565:
560:
556:
555:
550:
545:
543:
538:
536:
531:
527:
525:
521:
517:
513:
502:
496:
486:
484:
483:Maik Yohansen
480:
476:
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
443:
438:
434:
430:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
406:
403:Азбучна війна
400:
396:
392:
388:
385:As part of a
383:
381:
380:Josef Jireček
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
352:
350:
349:Tomasz Padura
346:
342:
338:
334:
328:
315:
310:
301:
299:
294:
292:
291:
286:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
253:
251:
247:
242:
240:
236:
232:
221:
209:
205:
203:
199:
192:
189:
185:
182:
181:Unicode range
177:
174:
170:
167:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
143:
139:
133:
128:
122:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2574:
2553:
2472:Drahomanivka
2440:in 1876-1905
2329:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2299:
2277:
2265:
2241:
2229:
2218:
2206:
2195:
2184:
2171:
2162:
2151:
2141:21 September
2139:. Retrieved
2129:
2098:. Retrieved
2080:
2073:
2062:. Retrieved
2060:. 2020-04-24
2057:
2048:
2037:. Retrieved
2033:
2024:
2011:
1996:
1980:
1969:
1958:. Retrieved
1954:the original
1944:
1933:
1915:. Retrieved
1905:
1855:
1660:Gajica based
1659:
1654:
1649:
1579:
1570:
1563:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1434:
1426:
1415:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1010:
998:
983:
974:
959:Please help
947:
913:
911:
646: 1900s
638:
631:
621:
574:
562:
558:
552:
548:
546:
539:
532:
528:
509:
489:21st century
481:, linguists
472:
469:20th century
454:
450:
446:
442:Drahomanivka
440:
426:
420:, Hungarian
407:
387:Polonization
384:
375:
371:
367:
353:
344:
333:J. Lozinskiy
330:
327:Alphabet War
321:19th century
313:
297:
295:
290:romanization
288:
282:
272:language to
259:
243:
235:Latin script
230:
228:
214:and ⟨
196:
142:latinisation
136:Examples of
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2577:(projects:
2480:Zhelekhivka
1650:Łozynśkyj's
1582:(Obsolete)
554:Kyiv Oblast
422:Zakarpattia
372:ś, ź, ć, ń,
274:Kievan Rus’
150:Script type
2625:Categories
2474:(1870s) •
2464:Hatsukivka
2460:Kulishivka
2100:2020-10-06
2064:2020-09-08
2039:2020-10-22
2034:www.eki.ee
1960:2008-10-10
1917:2018-07-11
1897:References
1565:ISO 9:1995
1431:Comparison
1353:or Polish
1185:Л(ь) л(ь)
848:Szcz szcz
607:Variations
585:ISO 9:1995
451:я, є, ю, ї
410:Bessarabia
186:Subset of
69:newspapers
2583:Jireček's
2554:in action
2518:(1928) •
2514:(1922) •
2486:(1904) •
2482:(1886) •
2478:(1893) •
2470:(1859) •
2466:(1857) •
2462:(1856) •
2458:(1837) •
2454:(1827) •
2450:(1818) •
2446:(1798) •
2119:ignored (
2109:cite book
1869:romanized
1860:Ukrainian
1709:Pryspiv:
1692:Pryspiv:
1675:Pryspiw:
1655:Jireček's
1630:Pryspiv:
1613:Pryspiv:
1596:Prispìv:
1544:Pryspiv:
1527:Pryspiv:
1510:Pryspiv:
1493:Приспів:
948:does not
920:Perédmowa
399:Ukrainian
347:, 1834),
239:Ukrainian
166:Ukrainian
162:Languages
2579:Abecadło
2571:Cyrillic
2438:Ems Ukaz
2432:Yaryzhka
2306:Przemyśl
2017:document
1800:See also
1451:Cyrillic
1140:(Й) (й)
1116:Дзь дзь
632:Abecadło
618:Abecadło
612:Abecadło
437:Cyrillic
418:Dobrudja
414:Bukovina
212:/ /
208:Help:IPA
155:Alphabet
2567:Braille
2540:Ukraine
1987:of the
1887:Latynka
1881:Латинка
1871::
1721:Gallery
1334:
1271:
1208:
1145:
1082:
1019:
969:removed
954:sources
906:
843:
780:
717:
654:
628:Łacinka
601:Ukraine
512:Ukraine
479:Kharkiv
461:of the
370:Polish
356:Galicia
304:History
246:Ukraine
200:in the
173:Unicode
144:(2012).
83:scholar
2502:UkrSSR
2496:times
2490:(1907)
2284:
2091:
2058:GOV.UK
1736:Kobzar
1573:ALA-LC
1357:(e.g.
1326:Зь зь
1317:Кс кс
1266:Ть ть
1254:Сь сь
1248:Рь рь
1242:Кв кв
1231:Šč šč
1197:Нь нь
1119:Дж дж
1090:Dž dž
1087:Dź dź
1077:Дз дз
1074:Дь дь
1062:Ць ць
1048:Dz dz
1039:Ch ch
898:Зь зь
883:Ть ть
854:T́ t́
835:Сь сь
829:Рь рь
817:Нь нь
809:Sz sz
769:Ль ль
709:Дь дь
697:Ць ць
680:D́ d́
674:Ch ch
671:Cz cz
624:Polish
542:UNGEGN
337:Polish
216:
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2575:Latin
2085:(PDF)
1847:Notes
1004:Czech
524:ASCII
453:with
204:(IPA)
188:Latin
90:JSTOR
76:books
2500:and
2442:) •
2282:ISBN
2143:2022
2121:help
2089:ISBN
2015:The
1399:For
1378:vołk
1368:For
1345:For
1329:Ж ж
1323:З з
1320:И и
1314:В в
1311:В в
1308:І і
1305:У у
1300:Ž ž
1297:Ź ź
1294:Z z
1291:Y y
1288:X x
1285:W w
1282:V v
1279:Ü ü
1276:U u
1263:Т т
1260:Щ щ
1257:Ш ш
1251:С с
1245:Р р
1237:Ť ť
1234:T t
1228:Š š
1225:Ś ś
1222:S s
1219:Ŕ ŕ
1216:R r
1213:Q q
1203:П п
1200:О о
1194:Н н
1191:М м
1188:Л л
1182:Л л
1179:К к
1174:P p
1171:O o
1168:Ń ń
1165:N n
1162:M m
1159:Ł ł
1156:Ľ ľ
1153:L l
1150:K k
1137:І і
1134:Г г
1131:Ґ ґ
1128:Ф ф
1125:Є є
1122:Е е
1111:J j
1108:I i
1105:H h
1102:G g
1099:F f
1096:Ě ě
1093:E e
1071:Д д
1068:Х х
1065:Ч ч
1059:Ц ц
1056:Б б
1053:А а
1045:Ď ď
1042:D d
1036:Č č
1033:Ć ć
1030:C c
1027:B b
1024:A a
952:any
950:cite
901:Ж ж
895:З з
892:И и
889:В в
886:У у
880:Т т
877:Щ щ
872:Ż ż
869:Ź ź
866:Z z
863:Y y
860:W w
857:U u
851:T t
838:Ш ш
832:С с
826:Р р
823:П п
820:О о
814:Н н
806:Ś ś
803:S s
800:Ŕ ŕ
797:R r
794:P p
791:O o
788:Ń ń
785:N n
775:М м
772:Л л
766:К к
763:Й й
760:І і
757:Г г
754:Ґ ґ
751:Ф ф
746:M m
743:Ł ł
740:L l
737:K k
734:J j
731:I i
728:H h
725:G g
722:F f
712:Е е
706:Д д
703:Х х
700:Ч ч
694:Ц ц
691:Б б
688:А а
683:E e
677:D d
668:Ć ć
665:C c
662:B b
659:A a
599:and
593:SSTL
561:not
551:not
416:and
374:and
229:The
138:Lviv
62:news
2270:PDF
1878:or
1461:KMU
963:by
634:).
473:In
45:by
2627::
2610:•
2606:•
2602:•
2585:,
2581:,
2573:•
2569:•
2548:•
2530:•
2526:•
2522:•
2510:•
2424:/
2266:Ji
2113::
2111:}}
2107:{{
2056:.
2032:.
1926:^
1884:,
1866:,
1862::
1465:)
1439:.
1411:).
1374:ъl
1361:).
643:c.
567:.
557:,
465:.
431:,
424:.
412:,
401::
362:.
351:.
339::
280:.
252:.
241:.
2589:)
2556:)
2552:(
2434:(
2405:e
2398:t
2391:v
2332:.
2322:.
2308:.
2290:.
2272:)
2145:.
2123:)
2103:.
2067:.
2042:.
1963:.
1920:.
1734:"
1575:)
1458:(
1405:о
1401:і
1392:.
1390:ł
1386:ľ
1382:l
1370:л
1355:ę
1351:ѧ
1347:є
990:)
984:(
979:)
975:(
971:.
957:.
648:)
447:ј
397:(
376:ľ
335:(
222:.
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)