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1622:(1805): "At length Colonel Whitefoord applied to the Duke of Cumberland in person . From him, also, he received a positive refusal. He then limited his request, for the present, to a protection for Stewart's house, wife, children, and property. This was also refused by the Duke; on which Colonel Whitefoord, taking his commission from his bosom, laid it on the table before his Royal Highness with much emotion, and asked permission to retire from the service of a sovereign who did not know how to spare a vanquished enemy. The Duke was struck, and even affected. He bade the Colonel take up his commission, and granted the protection he required."
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959:(who had been refused permission to take a military role on his father's behalf), seems to have encouraged the virulent attacks upon the Duke. Cumberland preserved the strictest discipline in his camp. He was inflexible in the execution of what he deemed to be his duty, without favour to any man. In only a few cases he exercised his influence in favour of clemency. The Duke's victorious efforts were acknowledged by his being voted an income of £25,000
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914:" and ordering his men to treat Jacobite wounded in the same manner. Cumberland alluded to the belief that such orders had been found upon the bodies of fallen Jacobites. However, for the two days after the battle, Cumberland's order was not followed upon; though in the following two days, government troops scoured the battlefield and put to death many wounded Jacobite soldiers they came across.
1574:. It is inscribed "THIS OBELISK RAISED BY COMMAND OF KING GEORGE THE SECOND COMMEMORATES THE SERVICES OF HIS SON WILLIAM DUKE OF CUMBERLAND THE SUCCESS OF HIS ARMS AND THE GRATITUDE OF HIS FATHER THIS TABLET WAS INSCRIBED BY HIS MAJESTY KING WILLIAM THE FOURTH". According to a local park guide and Scottish historian
1079:. Cumberland further wished to create a special standing force which could be quickly deployed overseas in time of crisis. The Whigs, who only tolerated the army's existence in peacetime and only had confidence in their control over the militia, saw the expansion and further professionalisation of the army as
1362:
The Duke's full style as proclaimed at his funeral by Garter King-of-Arms was: "the most High, most Mighty, and most
Illustrious Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, and Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburgh, Marquess of Berkhamstead, Earl of Kennington, Viscount Trematon, Baron of the Isle of
1147:
initially proposed a limited military response, in which a
Highland regiment supported by colonial forces would drive the French from the Ohio Valley. Cumberland believed the plan was not decisive enough to protect British interests in North America and expanded the plan to include a four-pronged
1261:
On
Cumberland's return to London, he was treated badly by his father, despite the fact that he had previously been given permission to negotiate such an agreement. When they met, George II remarked "Here is my son who has ruined me and disgraced himself". In response, Cumberland resigned all the
1176:
for forces in
America, who would have the power to levy local troops and direct local strategy. A 3,500 strong mixed force of regulars, militia, and allied natives would be assembled. It would then cross the Virginia mountains and strike Duquesne. Two regiments drawn from Ireland were given this
1180:
Newcastle approved the bolder plan, which met with limited success. In his role as army
Commander-in-Chief, Cumberland advised on the conduct of the war in North America. He believed the war should be principally conducted by the colonies themselves and that regular troops should only play a
930:
numerous suspected rebels. While he had been in
Inverness, Cumberland emptied the city jails of all of those who had been imprisoned by Jacobites and replaced them with Jacobites themselves; after the battle at Culloden, Jacobite prisoners were taken south to England to stand trial for
1185:, another favorite and an officer who had served in Cumberland's army during the Jacobite rebellion. Cumberland advised Loudoun to expose his officers and soldiers to scouting expeditions, so that they might "learn to beat the woods". Cumberland approved the plan to develop
1501:
816:, Cumberland proceeded with preparations for quelling the Stuart (Jacobite) uprising. The Jacobite army had advanced southwards into England, hoping that English Jacobites would rise and join them. However, after receiving only limited support, such as the
1171:
Cumberland proposed that only overwhelming force would defeat France in
America, which was contradictory to Newcastle's own proposals and previous government strategies which advocated limited offensive operations. Further, Cumberland proposed a role of
1225:. Despite seemingly having the advantage towards the end of the battle, Cumberland's forces began to retreat. Within a short time discipline had collapsed, and Cumberland's army headed northwards in total disorder. Cumberland hoped that the
1091:
wished to instead further reduce the peacetime army and reform the militia by creating a volunteer force for home defence, a precursor to the volunteers of the 19th century which would be under the direct control of civil authorities.
917:
Government forces subsequently embarked upon the pacification of
Jacobite regions in the Scottish Highlands, which took several months. They carried out searches for rebels across the Highlands, confiscating property, destroying
761:
Despite a concerted Anglo-Hanoverian attack on the French centre, which led many to believe the Allies had won, the failure to clear the woods and of the Dutch forces to capture
Fontenoy forced Cumberland to retreat to
907:, his army decisively defeated the Jacobites. The battle lasted only an hour, with the Jacobites suffering between 1,500 and 2,000 casualties, while approximately 300 government soldiers were killed or wounded.
1177:
task. An officer who had impressed
Cumberland on previous campaigns, Edward Braddock, was given command of all crown forces in America, to the surprise of many in the army as Braddock was relatively unknown.
1363:
Alderney, Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter, and First and Principal Companion of the most Honourable Order of the Bath, third Son of His late most Excellent Majesty King George the Second".
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1282:, who acceded to the throne on the death of William's father on 25 October 1760. Cumberland became a very influential advisor to the King and was instrumental in establishing the
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895:. There, he ordered them to undergo training for approximately two months in preparation for engaging the Jacobite Army. On 8 April, he set out from Aberdeen with his troops for
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499:, Cumberland's campaigning could not prevent the fall of the Dutch Barrier Forts. Between 1748 and 1755 he attempted to enact a series of army reforms that were resisted by the
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In 1754, the simmering colonial rivalry between Britain and France over competing territorial claims in North America developed into war. France asserted its claim to the
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on 11 May 1745, the Allies were defeated by the French. Saxe had picked the battleground on which to confront the British, and filled the nearby woods with French
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argued the institution of purchase was one of the safeguards of parliamentary sovereignty against Royalist insurrection. Cumberland's opponent in government
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was retaken, and he was recalled to London, where preparations were in hand to meet an expected French invasion. The defeat of his replacement as commander,
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On the morning after the battle, Cumberland issued a written order reminding his men that "the public orders of the rebels yesterday was to give us
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Cumberland's unpopularity, which had steadily increased since Culloden, interfered greatly with his success in politics, and when the death of the
723:) troops despite his inexperience. He initially planned to take the offensive against the French, in a move he hoped would lead to the capture of
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The Victoria history of England: from the landing of Julius Caesar, B.C. 54 to the marriage of H.R.H. Albert Edward Prince of Wales A.D. 1863
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From childhood, he showed physical courage and ability, and became his parents' favourite. He was enrolled in the 2nd Foot Guards and made a
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1059:, who considered him an enemy, but her powers were curtailed and she was to be advised by a committee of twelve men, headed by Cumberland.
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label argent of five points, the centre point bearing a cross gules, the first, second, fourth and fifth each bearing a canton gules
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in 1770, but was removed in 1868 since by that time the 'butcher of Culloden' was generally reviled. The original plinth remained.
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in 1746, which made him immensely popular throughout parts of Britain. He is often referred to by the nickname given to him by his
754:. Cumberland ignored the threat of the woods when drawing up his battle plans, and instead concentrated on seizing the village of
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851:, caused great panic in England in January 1746, when, under a hail of pistol fire, "eighty dragoons fell dead upon the spot" at
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might bring him reinforcements and supplies which would allow him to regroup and counterattack, but the British mounted an
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in December 1745, and Cumberland became aware that an attempt to overtake the retreating Highlanders would be hopeless.
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Wellington's Rifles: The Origins, Development and Battles of the Rifle Regiments in the Peninsular War and at Waterloo
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On 20 July 1725, as a grandchild of the sovereign, William was granted use of the arms of the realm, differenced by a
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coast. George II gave him discretionary powers to negotiate a separate peace. Hemmed in by French forces led by the
778:. Cumberland was frequently criticised for his tactics in the battle, particularly his failure to occupy the woods.
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The Encyclopedia of North American Indian Wars, 1607-1890 3 Volume Set: A Political, Social, and Military History
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727:, but was persuaded by his advisors that this was impossible given the vast numerical superiority of the enemy.
550:, accepted the invitation to ascend the British throne. On 27 July 1726, at only five years old, he was created
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809:. His appointment was popular, and caused morale to soar amongst the public and troops loyal to King George.
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History of England from the Peace of Utrecht to the Peace of Versailles: 1713–1783: Volume 4: 1748–1763
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In 2019, plans by developers to name a street close to the battlefield after the Duke were rejected by
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Princes whose titles were removed and eligible people who do not use the title are shown in italics
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Philipps, Wolfgang (2014). "Welfen-Prinz Wilhelm August: Lieblingssohn und schottisches Hassbild".
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The Duke took no part in the Flanders campaign of 1746, during which the French made huge advances
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1252:, under which his army was to be disbanded and much of Hanover occupied by French forces, at the
981:, composed especially for Cumberland, which contains the anthem "See the Conquering Hero Comes".
806:
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in 1757, he never again held active military command and switched his attentions to politics and
453:
372:
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Crucible of War: The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754–1766
1278:
Cumberland's final years were lived out during the first five years of the reign of his nephew,
1270:
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5350:
5122:
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1448:
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612:, proposed dividing the king's dominions. Frederick would get Britain, while William would get
3374:
491:. At the head of the largest deployment of British troops on the continent since the days of
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as a tutor. Another of his tutors (and occasional proxy for him) was his mother's favourite
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Jonathan Oates, 'Sweet William or The Butcher: The Duke of Cumberland and the '45 (2008)
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483:, Cumberland commanded the main allied field army in Flanders acting in defence of the
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899:; eight days later on 16 April, he engaged the main Jacobite army near the village of
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Blooding at Great Meadows: Young George Washington and the Battle That Shaped the Man
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636:, but he quickly became dissatisfied with the Navy, and, instead secured the post of
629:
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1530:. Various other places in the American colonies were named after him, including the
1506:
Elegy on the much lamented death of His Royal Highness William, Duke of Cumberland..
1463:. On 30 August 1727, as a child of the sovereign, William's difference changed to a
4863:
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3413:
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1618:
1586:
1531:
1287:
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By September 1757 Cumberland and his forces had retreated to the fortified town of
1000:
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As the leading British general of the day, he was chosen to put a decisive stop to
767:
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319:
169:
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2909:
Historical memoirs of His late Royal Highness William-Augustus, Duke of Cumberland
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by building a network of powerful fortifications. The government ministry led by
891:
on 30 January 1746, Cumberland assumed command of his forces and marched them to
743:
524:
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Colonial Wars of North America, 1512–1763 (Routledge Revivals): An Encyclopedia
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4148:. Not a British prince by birth, but created a Prince of the United Kingdom.
3478:
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2117:"The Letters of Horace Walpole, Volume 1 by Horace Walpole Part 15 out of 18"
1153:
653:
632:, and, in 1740, he sailed, as a volunteer, in the fleet under the command of
590:
559:
3268:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 623–624.
1221:, on 26 July 1757, Cumberland's army was defeated by the superior forces of
1071:, Cumberland attempted to reform the peacetime army with the support of his
628:, when aged four. He was intended, by the King and Queen, for the office of
4602:
4577:
4559:
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4281:
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1613:
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1008:
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831:, and began pursuit of the enemy, as the Stuarts retreated northwards from
602:
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and, on 31 October 1765, he died at his home on Upper Grosvenor Street in
955:
and used for political purposes in England. Cumberland's own brother, the
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An Unsettled Conquest: The British Campaign Against the Peoples of Acadia
1547:
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Lehrter Land & Leute: Magazin zur Geschichte, Kultur und Heimatkunde
2433:"Commemorating the 275th anniversary of Prince William County, Virginia"
1326:
1298:. Cumberland never fully recovered from his wound at Dettingen, and was
4772:
4724:
3864:
3787:
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2804:. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 624.
2484:
Lurie, Maxine; Lurie, Maxine N.; Siegel, Michael; Mappen, Marc (2004).
2369:
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instead, despite suggestions that it should be sent to aid Cumberland.
1226:
1149:
1048:
1016:
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742:, Cumberland advanced to the relief of the town, which was besieged by
281:
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Culloden: Scotland's Last Battle and the Forging of the British Empire
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The First Way of War: American War Making on the Frontier, 1607–1814
2680:"Residents want to rename street that honours 'butcher of Culloden'"
1465:
label argent of three points, the centre point bearing a cross gules
943:
Following Culloden, Cumberland was nicknamed "Sweet William" by his
5203:
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1669:
Hannah Smith, 'Georgian Monarchy', Cambridge University Press, 2006
1262:
military and public offices he held and retired into private life.
892:
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813:
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696:
668:(27 June 1743), where Cumberland was wounded in his right leg by a
583:
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571:
555:
3929:
Prince Charles Edward, Duke of Albany and of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
3635:
3375:"Archival material relating to Prince William, Duke of Cumberland"
3249:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
3104:
Atlantic Politics, Military Strategy and the French and Indian War
2538:. Cumberland County Board of Supervisors. January 2021. p. 20
1570:
A memorial obelisk was erected to the Duke's military services in
781:
452:
from 1726. He is best remembered for his role in putting down the
3323:
Sweet William or the Butcher? The Duke of Cumberland and the '45'
2927:
The Butcher: The Duke of Cumberland and the Suppression of the 45
1218:
1023:
compelled the two sides to the negotiating table and in 1748 the
805:(James VII/II was the last Stuart king on the male line), in the
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637:
164:
124:
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100:
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Peninsular Preparation: The Reform of the British Army 1795–1809
2920:. The William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series, Vol. 14, No. 4.
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Van der Kiste, p. 150 (1736 plan suggested by Prince of Wales)
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at age 44. He was buried beneath the floor of the nave of the
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Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh and of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
2887:
Culloden: The History and Archaeology of the last Clan Battle
1299:
1254:
1237:
832:
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British Army personnel of the War of the Austrian Succession
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American Advance: Westward From The French & Indian War
563:
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Johann Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
3823:
Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh
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Speck, W.A. (2004). "Prince William, Duke of Cumberland".
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supporting role. He was influential in the appointment of
734:
Jacobite satire of the Duke of Cumberland in the Highlands
656:, and, the following year, he first saw active service in
1585:
An equestrian statue of the Duke was erected in London's
951:
opponents the latter being a taunt first recorded in the
589:
The young prince was educated well; his mother appointed
2849:
Island Fortress: The Defence of Great Britain, 1603–1945
2602:
1642:
For example, he received an honorary doctorate from the
1983:
1827:
1127:
Portrait of the Duke of Cumberland in the robes of the
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Prince William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh
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1716:"Butcher Cumberland among Britain's greatest villains"
1578:, the obelisk was originally inscribed "Culloden" but
5438:
British Army personnel of the Jacobite rising of 1745
1209:, intended to defend Hanover (of which George II was
546:, where his parents had moved after his grandfather,
432:– 31 October 1765) was the third and youngest son of
45:
738:
As it became clear that the French intention was to
691:
In 1745, Cumberland was given the honorary title of
3903:
Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale
1321:
839:, the advanced portion of his army was repulsed on
687:
in 1745 was Cumberland's first battle as commander.
3918:Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
2678:
820:, the followers of Charles decided to withdraw to
790:"The Highlanders Medley", or "The Duke Triumphant"
3029:Hampton Court: A Social and Architectural History
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1055:. As a compromise, the regency was vested in the
938:
664:and the "martial boy" shared in the glory of the
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2918:Louisburg and the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, 1748
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2198:
2196:
2186:
2184:
601:, apartments were designed specially for him by
3875:Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
3757:Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn
3391:Portraits of Prince William, Duke of Cumberland
238:
5488:British Army personnel of the Seven Years' War
3989:Alastair, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
2665:
2411:"Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family"
2216:
2214:
495:and opposed to the experienced French Marshal
5458:Members of the Privy Council of Great Britain
4709:
4258:
4176:
3651:
3045:
2795:"Cumberland, William Augustus, Duke of"
2707:"Cavendish Square Gets Statue Made From Soap"
2408:
2193:
2181:
1546:and the Grade II listed Cumberland Gate into
1294:, or at Upper Grosvenor Street, his house in
2950:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
2174:
2172:
2170:
1731:Davies, p. 277; Glover, p. 148; Royle, p. 25
1039:"Solomon's Glory, or Rival Mistresses", 1749
1027:was concluded and Cumberland returned home.
523:William Augustus, aged 10 or 11, painted by
5468:Chancellors of the University of St Andrews
4144:Not a British prince by birth, but created
3345:William Augustus Duke of Cumberland: A Life
2211:
2075:
2073:
1205:, Cumberland was placed at the head of the
758:and attacking the main French army nearby.
427:Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland
5453:Knights Companion of the Order of the Bath
5423:Peers of Great Britain created by George I
4716:
4702:
4265:
4251:
4183:
4169:
3793:Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn
3658:
3644:
3591:Chancellor of the University of St Andrews
3397:
3383:
3309:
1976:
1974:
1820:
1818:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1062:
984:
54:
4807:"James III & VIII", The Old Pretender
4107:James Mountbatten-Windsor, Earl of Wessex
3946:Prince Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick
3803:Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex
3783:Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
3342:
3300:
2992:Historical memorials of Westminster Abbey
2788:
2750:
2608:
2490:. Rutgers University Press. p. 187.
2167:
1152:, with forces striking simultaneously at
971:, that included the first performance of
827:Cumberland joined the Midland army under
4003:Prince Hubertus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
3687:for members of the British royal family.
3329:
3283:The War of Austrian Succession 1740–1748
3279:
3254:
3017:
3008:
2970:
2846:
2769:
2731:
2558:"KY-2045 Naming of the Cumberland River"
2328:
2070:
2004:
1838:
1561:
1500:
1370:
1325:
1269:
1122:
1034:
1007:. He again opposed the still-victorious
868:
785:
729:
678:
619:
518:
5463:Chancellors of the University of Dublin
4190:
3679:, who formalised the use of the titles
3215:
3196:
3158:
3092:
3026:
2989:
2947:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2884:
2348:
2047:
1971:
1890:
1870:
1850:
1815:
1774:
1745:
1734:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1286:. Cabinet meetings were held either at
1274:"The Tombstone", published October 1765
873:Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, by
803:James VII of Scotland and II of England
14:
5508:Children of George II of Great Britain
5385:
3747:Prince Edward, Duke of York and Albany
3675:The generations indicate descent from
3618:Chancellor of the University of Dublin
3177:
3139:
3120:
3083:
2827:
2292:Anderson p. 212; Van der Kiste, p. 206
1693:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1566:Cumberland Obelisk, Windsor Great Park
1443:Chancellor of the University of Dublin
1192:
503:and by the army itself. Following the
4697:
4246:
4164:
3639:
3320:
3260:Cumberland, William Augustus, Duke of
3064:
2943:
2924:
2915:
2865:
2676:
2435:. Sunlight Foundation. Archived from
1714:MacDonald, Callum (27 December 2005)
1703:
967:. A thanksgiving service was held at
782:Jacobite rebellion – "The Forty-Five"
766:, where he was unable to prevent the
4505:Sir Archibald Montgomery-Massingberd
4452:Chiefs of the Imperial General Staff
3313:William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland
3101:
2903:
2870:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
2808:
2586:. Historical markers. Archived from
2560:. Historical markers. Archived from
1559:as the 18th century's worst Briton.
1341:
1114:Great Britain in the Seven Years War
947:supporters and "The Butcher" by his
18:William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland
3665:
3523:Captain-General of the British Army
3409:Prince William, Duke of Cumberland
2512:"Cumberland County, North Carolina"
1672:
1095:
1011:and received a heavy defeat at the
24:
5493:English people of Scottish descent
5393:Prince William, Duke of Cumberland
4812:"Charles III", The Young Pretender
4535:The Viscount Montgomery of Alamein
4421:
4044:Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester
3808:Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge
3726:Prince William, Duke of Cumberland
3459:Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards
3369:Ascanius; or, the Young Adventurer
3273:
3161:Atlas of the North American Indian
2772:The War of the Austrian Succession
1003:. In 1747, Cumberland returned to
963:over and above his money from the
695:of the British land forces and in
25:
5524:
5214:Habeas Corpus Suspension Act 1715
4290:Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces
4274:Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces
4230:Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale
4222:Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn
4010:Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover
3395:National Portrait Gallery, London
3362:
3022:. Routledge, Warne and Routledge.
2631:"'Worst' historical Britons list"
1542:. In Britain, Cumberland Road in
1524:Cumberland County, North Carolina
1213:) from a French invasion. At the
672:. After the battle he was made a
616:. This proposal came to nothing.
5498:English people of German descent
5259:Heritable Jurisdictions Act 1746
5176:
4080:Prince Edward, Duke of Edinburgh
4034:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
4017:Prince George William of Hanover
3973:Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester
3935:Prince George William of Hanover
3849:Prince George, Duke of Cambridge
3559:Commander-in-Chief of the Forces
3303:A Life of the Duke of Cumberland
3242:
2338:. 9–12 November 1765. p. 2.
1484:
1472:
1354:27 July 1726 – 31 October 1765:
1322:Titles, styles, honours and arms
1302:. In August 1760, he suffered a
1118:
338:Commander-in-Chief of the Forces
286:
274:
254:
240:
199:
5138:Raids on Lochaber and Shiramore
3798:King Ernest Augustus of Hanover
2699:
2677:Horne, Marc (31 October 2023).
2649:
2623:
2614:
2576:
2550:
2525:
2504:
2477:
2451:
2425:
2402:
2384:
2362:
2342:
2322:
2313:
2304:
2295:
2286:
2277:
2268:
2259:
2250:
2241:
2232:
2223:
2158:
2149:
2140:
2131:
2109:
2100:
2091:
2082:
2061:
2041:
2032:
2010:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1922:
1913:
1904:
1884:
1864:
1844:
1806:
1797:
1606:
1553:In 2005 he was selected by the
1512:Prince William County, Virginia
1019:, on 2 July 1747. This and the
398:Raids on Lochaber and Shiramore
5279:Old military roads of Scotland
5093:War of the Austrian Succession
5063:Capture of Eilean Donan Castle
4746:Independent Highland Companies
4723:
3913:Prince Alexander John of Wales
3880:Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany
3220:. Cambridge University Press.
2832:. Cambridge University Press.
1880:. 20 December 1743. p. 2.
1860:. 16 February 1741. p. 2.
1788:
1768:
1759:
1725:
1708:
1663:
1636:
1347:26 April 1721 – 27 July 1726:
1265:
1207:Hanoverian Army of Observation
652:In December 1742, he became a
648:War of the Austrian Succession
477:War of the Austrian Succession
351:War of the Austrian Succession
335:Hanoverian Army of Observation
13:
1:
5274:Traitors Transported Act 1746
5038:War of the Quadruple Alliance
3347:. Pen & Sword Books Ltd.
3310:Maclachlan, Campbell (1876).
2975:. Adamant Media Corporation.
1629:
1612:One of these is described in
1520:Cumberland County, New Jersey
1514:is named for him, as well as
1258:Convent on 8 September 1757.
878:
642:First Regiment of Foot Guards
514:
65:
5483:Burials at Westminster Abbey
4829:Sophie, Electress of Hanover
4101:Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex
4039:Prince William of Gloucester
3144:. Pen & Sword Military.
3125:. Pen & Sword Military.
3048:George II and Queen Caroline
3046:Van der Kiste, John (1997).
3009:Tomasson, Katherine (1974).
2964:UK public library membership
2889:. Pen & Sword Military.
2755:. Phillimore & Co. Ltd.
1722:. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
1030:
999:and defeating the Allies at
7:
5269:Treason Outlawries Act 1748
4570:Chiefs of the General Staff
4278:Chiefs of the General Staff
4075:Prince Andrew, Duke of York
4049:Prince Edward, Duke of Kent
3978:Prince George, Duke of Kent
3940:Prince Christian of Hanover
3538:The Duke of York and Albany
3487:1st Regiment of Foot Guards
3325:. Pen & Sword Military.
3097:. Running Press Book Press.
2533:"Emergency Operations Plan"
2057:. 22 March 1746. p. 2.
1649:"On This Day: 27th of June"
1528:Cumberland County, Virginia
1248:, Cumberland agreed to the
858:
534:, in Leicester Fields (now
10:
5529:
5503:Coldstream Guards officers
4763:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
4434:Chief of the General Staff
4203:Prince Rupert of the Rhine
3923:Prince Arthur of Connaught
3716:Frederick, Prince of Wales
3301:Henderson, Andrew (1766).
2971:Stanhope, Phillip (2002).
2725:
2487:Encyclopedia of New Jersey
2459:"Cumberland County, Maine"
1900:. 12 July 1743. p. 4.
1784:. 15 June 1725. p. 2.
1755:. 12 July 1726. p. 1.
1366:
1250:Convention of Klosterzeven
1111:
1105:
1102:Invasion of Hanover (1757)
1099:
988:
862:
610:Frederick, Prince of Wales
505:Convention of Klosterzeven
180:George II of Great Britain
60:The Duke of Cumberland by
27:British prince (1721–1765)
5448:Grenadier Guards officers
5291:
5236:
5196:
5187:
5174:
5146:
5081:
5026:
4961:
4883:Williamite War in Ireland
4871:
4862:
4731:
4568:
4450:
4432:
4419:
4288:
4198:
4142:
4116:
4088:
4062:
4026:
3955:
3895:
3857:
3831:
3770:
3734:
3708:
3692:
3673:
3624:
3615:
3607:
3597:
3588:
3580:
3575:
3565:
3556:
3548:
3529:
3520:
3503:
3493:
3483:
3475:
3465:
3455:
3447:
3442:
3407:
3031:. Yale University Press.
3018:Thompson, Arthur (1865).
2847:Longmate, Norman (2001).
2751:Blomfield, David (1994).
2709:. Londonist. 27 June 2012
2655:East Berks Ramblers Map,
2358:. 15 May 1742. p. 1.
1496:
1380:François Morellon la Cave
1284:First Rockingham Ministry
1057:Dowager Princess of Wales
479:, with the assistance of
420:
343:
325:
315:
307:
299:
267:
234:
216:
211:
207:
195:
185:
175:
163:
154:
149:
145:
130:
106:
75:
53:
39:
34:
5249:Act of Proscription 1746
5048:Marquess of Tullibardine
4096:William, Prince of Wales
3844:King George V of Hanover
3321:Oates, Jonathan (2008).
3178:Tucker, Spencer (1989).
2990:Stanley, Arthur (2008).
2929:. Welsh Academic Press.
2866:Plank, Geoffrey (2003).
2828:Glover, Richard (2008).
2392:"University of Aberdeen"
2372:. Trinity College Dublin
1599:
1582:had "Culloden" removed.
1516:Cumberland County, Maine
1479:Shield of arms 1725–1727
1449:King's College, Aberdeen
1067:Whilst in the office of
1025:Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle
608:William's elder brother
388:Siege of Stirling Castle
5478:People from Old Windsor
5473:People from Westminster
5053:General Joseph Wightman
4918:Battle of Killiecrankie
4673:Sir Mark Carleton-Smith
4134:Prince Archie of Sussex
3512:The Duke of Marlborough
3469:The Duke of Marlborough
3343:Whitworth, Rex (1992).
3280:Anderson, M.S. (1995).
3265:Encyclopædia Britannica
3027:Thurley, Simon (2003).
2925:Speck, William (1995).
2809:Clee, Nicholas (2011).
2801:Encyclopædia Britannica
2770:Browning, Reed (1995).
2732:Anderson, Fred (2000).
2067:Roberts (2002), p. 178.
1651:. University of Glasgow
1616:'s 1829 introduction to
1454:
1336:private officer of arms
1231:expedition to Rochefort
1063:Attempts at army reform
985:Return to the Continent
807:Jacobite rising of 1745
558:of Berkhamstead in the
373:Jacobite rising of 1745
5123:Battle of Falkirk Muir
4938:Declaration of Finglas
4824:Act of Settlement 1701
4426:
4124:Prince George of Wales
4054:Prince Michael of Kent
3886:Prince Ernest Augustus
3451:The Earl of Scarbrough
3216:Grenier, John (2008).
3197:Dilisio, Rock (2008).
3159:Waldman, Carl (1989).
3106:. Palgrave Macmillan.
3102:Hall, Richard (2016).
3093:Axelrod, Alan (2008).
3065:Royle, Trevor (2008).
2956:10.1093/ref:odnb/29455
2885:Pollard, Tony (2009).
2774:. Palgrave MacMillan.
2584:"VA-K1 Cumberland Gap"
1567:
1508:
1491:Coat of arms 1727–1765
1383:
1358:The Duke of Cumberland
1338:
1275:
1136:
1040:
1021:fall of Bergen-op-Zoom
920:nonjuring Episcopalian
884:
791:
735:
688:
527:
5433:Knights of the Garter
5408:British Army generals
5113:Battle of Prestonpans
5073:Battle of Coille Bhan
5058:Anglo-French Alliance
5018:Battle of Sheriffmuir
4983:1715 general election
4485:Sir William Robertson
4460:Sir William Nicholson
4442:Sir Neville Lyttelton
4425:
4129:Prince Louis of Wales
3721:Prince George William
3569:The Viscount Ligonier
3497:The Viscount Ligonier
3163:. Facts on File Inc.
3140:Gallay, Alan (2015).
3084:Davies, John (1938).
3050:. Sutton Publishing.
2396:Undiscovered Scotland
2310:Van der Kiste, p. 212
2301:Van der Kiste, p. 207
2274:Van der Kiste, p. 205
2164:Van der Kiste, p. 195
2020:. Paisley Tartan Army
1812:Van der Kiste, p. 111
1644:University of Glasgow
1565:
1550:are named after him.
1504:
1374:
1332:Blanc Coursier Herald
1329:
1318:. He died unmarried.
1312:Henry VII Lady Chapel
1273:
1189:in the British Army.
1126:
1112:Further information:
1108:French and Indian War
1047:brought the latter's
1038:
872:
799:Charles Edward Stuart
789:
733:
682:
644:on 20 February 1741.
620:Early military career
566:of Kennington in the
522:
378:Clifton Moor Skirmish
300:Years of service
5301:"James III and VIII"
5068:Battle of Glen Shiel
4853:Royal Stuart Society
4849:Neo-Jacobite Revival
4793:William III & II
4480:Sir Archibald Murray
3601:The Earl of Kinnoull
3419:Cadet branch of the
3379:UK National Archives
3121:Cusick, Ray (2013).
2916:Sosin, Jack (1957).
2370:"Former Chancellors"
1930:"Battle of Fontenoy"
1824:Van der Kiste, p. 78
1765:Van der Kiste, p. 46
1594:The Highland Council
1556:BBC History Magazine
1540:Cumberland Mountains
1397:Knight of the Garter
1215:Battle of Hastenbeck
939:"Butcher Cumberland"
599:Hampton Court Palace
530:William was born in
485:Austrian Netherlands
410:Battle of Hastenbeck
5418:Dukes of Cumberland
5293:Jacobite succession
4933:Battle of the Boyne
4928:Massacre of Glencoe
4913:General Hugh Mackay
4802:Jacobite succession
4788:Glorious Revolution
4758:Union of the Crowns
4678:Sir Patrick Sanders
4653:Sir Richard Dannatt
4633:Sir Charles Guthrie
4555:Sir Francis Festing
4520:Sir Edmund Ironside
4470:Sir Charles Douglas
4318:Duke of Marlborough
4308:Earl of Marlborough
4192:Dukes of Cumberland
3628:The Duke of Bedford
3611:The Prince of Wales
3584:The Duke of Chandos
2736:. Faber and Faber.
2590:on 12 November 2013
2564:on 11 December 2012
2409:Francois R. Velde.
1959:Browning pp. 207–13
1193:Invasion of Hanover
1133:Sir Joshua Reynolds
1129:Order of the Garter
969:St Paul's Cathedral
928:summarily executing
926:meeting houses and
818:Manchester Regiment
746:. In the resulting
666:Battle of Dettingen
574:of Trematon in the
446:Caroline of Ansbach
356:Battle of Dettingen
190:Caroline of Ansbach
62:Sir Joshua Reynolds
5228:Indemnity Act 1717
5219:Disarming Act 1715
5133:Battle of Culloden
5128:Siege of Inverness
5108:Duke of Cumberland
5098:Lord George Murray
5013:Siege of Inverness
4953:Treaty of Limerick
4893:King William's War
4783:James II & VII
4658:Sir David Richards
4643:Sir Michael Walker
4593:Sir Michael Carver
4588:Sir Geoffrey Baker
4550:Sir Gerald Templer
4510:Sir Cyril Deverell
4427:
4393:Duke of Wellington
4383:Duke of Wellington
4348:Marquess of Granby
4343:Viscount Ligionier
4338:Duke of Cumberland
3534:Title next held by
3508:Title last held by
3011:Battles of the '45
2637:. 27 December 2005
2355:The London Gazette
2335:The London Gazette
2054:The London Gazette
2018:"Clifton skirmish"
1897:The London Gazette
1877:The London Gazette
1857:The London Gazette
1781:The London Gazette
1752:The London Gazette
1572:Windsor Great Park
1568:
1509:
1410:Knight of the Bath
1384:
1382:, Effigies sculpt.
1376:Jacobite broadside
1339:
1276:
1203:Continental Europe
1174:commander-in-chief
1137:
1083:. Critics such as
1069:Commander-in-Chief
1041:
1013:Battle of Lauffeld
1005:Continental Europe
997:capturing Brussels
991:Battle of Lauffeld
885:
865:Battle of Culloden
792:
748:Battle of Fontenoy
736:
701:Commander-in-Chief
689:
685:Battle of Fontenoy
674:lieutenant general
626:Knight of the Bath
576:County of Cornwall
560:County of Hertford
552:Duke of Cumberland
528:
458:Battle of Culloden
450:Duke of Cumberland
393:Battle of Culloden
366:Battle of Lauffeld
361:Battle of Fontenoy
42:Duke of Cumberland
5380:
5379:
5341:"Robert I and IV"
5287:
5286:
5264:Sheriffs Act 1747
5182:a Jacobite banner
5172:
5171:
5118:Siege of Carlisle
5008:Battle of Preston
4948:Siege of Limerick
4943:Battle of Aughrim
4923:Battle of Dunkeld
4908:Patrick Sarsfield
4691:
4690:
4683:Sir Roland Walker
4638:Sir Roger Wheeler
4618:Sir Nigel Bagnall
4608:Sir Edwin Bramall
4583:Sir James Cassels
4515:The Viscount Gort
4495:The Earl of Cavan
4408:Viscount Wolseley
4403:Duke of Cambridge
4398:Viscount Hardinge
4298:Duke of Albemarle
4240:
4239:
4209:George of Denmark
4158:
4157:
3634:
3633:
3625:Succeeded by
3598:Succeeded by
3576:Academic offices
3566:Succeeded by
3494:Succeeded by
3479:Sir Charles Wills
3466:Succeeded by
3443:Military offices
3354:978-0-85052-354-6
3227:978-0-521-73263-5
3208:978-0-595-52486-0
3189:978-1-851-09697-8
3170:978-0-816-02136-9
3151:978-1-138-89108-1
3132:978-1-781-59287-8
3113:978-3-319-30664-3
3076:978-1-408-70401-1
3069:. Little, Brown.
3038:978-0-300-10223-9
3001:978-0-559-69153-9
2982:978-0-543-67669-6
2962:(Subscription or
2936:978-1-86057-000-1
2896:978-1-84884-020-1
2877:978-0-8122-1869-5
2858:978-0-09-174837-1
2839:978-0-521-08392-8
2820:978-0-552-77442-0
2781:978-0-312-12561-5
2743:978-0-571-20535-6
2661:978-1-874258-18-6
2620:Blomfield, p. 95.
2155:Sosin, pp. 516–35
1980:Pollard pp. 41–42
1932:. British Battles
1342:Titles and styles
1316:Westminster Abbey
1201:having spread to
1089:Charles Townshend
630:Lord High Admiral
431:
424:
423:
383:Siege of Carlisle
159:
158:
138:Westminster Abbey
16:(Redirected from
5520:
5428:House of Hanover
5311:"Henry IX and I"
5194:
5193:
5190:and later events
5180:
4903:Sir Ewen Cameron
4869:
4868:
4864:Jacobite risings
4778:The Killing Time
4718:
4711:
4704:
4695:
4694:
4648:Sir Mike Jackson
4623:Sir John Chapple
4613:Sir John Stanier
4603:Sir Roland Gibbs
4578:Sir Richard Hull
4560:Sir Richard Hull
4545:Sir John Harding
4540:Sir William Slim
4500:Sir George Milne
4490:Sir Henry Wilson
4475:Sir James Murray
4373:Sir David Dundas
4313:Duke of Leinster
4303:Duke of Monmouth
4267:
4260:
4253:
4244:
4243:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4162:
4161:
4070:King Charles III
3963:King Edward VIII
3762:Prince Frederick
3660:
3653:
3646:
3637:
3636:
3608:Preceded by
3581:Preceded by
3549:Preceded by
3543:
3517:
3476:Preceded by
3448:Preceded by
3438:
3431:
3414:House of Hanover
3405:
3404:
3401:
3387:
3382:
3358:
3339:
3326:
3317:
3306:
3297:
3269:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3231:
3212:
3193:
3174:
3155:
3136:
3117:
3098:
3089:
3080:
3061:
3042:
3023:
3014:
3005:
2994:. BiblioBazaar.
2986:
2967:
2959:
2940:
2921:
2912:
2900:
2881:
2862:
2843:
2824:
2805:
2797:
2785:
2766:
2747:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2714:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2682:
2674:
2663:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2627:
2621:
2618:
2612:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2537:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2465:on 27 April 2012
2461:. Archived from
2455:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2439:on 17 March 2014
2429:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2406:
2400:
2399:
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2381:
2379:
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2366:
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2311:
2308:
2302:
2299:
2293:
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2284:
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2275:
2272:
2266:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2209:
2206:
2191:
2188:
2179:
2176:
2165:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2147:
2146:Stanhope, p. 334
2144:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2086:
2080:
2079:Thompson, p. 519
2077:
2068:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1981:
1978:
1969:
1966:
1960:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1825:
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1813:
1810:
1804:
1801:
1795:
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1786:
1785:
1772:
1766:
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1756:
1743:
1732:
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1712:
1706:
1701:
1670:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1640:
1623:
1610:
1587:Cavendish Square
1532:Cumberland River
1488:
1476:
1423:Privy Counsellor
1288:Cumberland Lodge
1246:Duc de Richelieu
1148:assault against
1096:Seven Years' War
978:Judas Maccabaeus
883:
880:
801:, a grandson of
595:Andrew Fountaine
568:County of Surrey
536:Leicester Square
475:For much of the
430:
405:Seven Years' War
320:Grenadier Guards
292:
290:
289:
280:
278:
277:
269:
259:
258:
250:
246:
244:
243:
203:
155:William Augustus
147:
146:
134:10 November 1765
113:
85:
83:
70:
67:
58:
32:
31:
21:
5528:
5527:
5523:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5517:
5413:British princes
5383:
5382:
5381:
5376:
5283:
5244:Jurors Act 1745
5232:
5189:
5183:
5181:
5168:
5142:
5084:
5077:
5029:
5022:
4964:
4957:
4898:Viscount Dundee
4888:Nine Years' War
4874:
4858:
4727:
4722:
4692:
4687:
4668:Sir Nick Carter
4564:
4530:Sir Alan Brooke
4465:Sir John French
4446:
4428:
4417:
4323:Duke of Ormonde
4284:
4271:
4241:
4236:
4194:
4189:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4138:
4117:12th generation
4112:
4089:11th generation
4084:
4063:10th generation
4058:
4022:
3951:
3891:
3865:King Edward VII
3853:
3827:
3813:Prince Octavius
3788:King William IV
3766:
3742:King George III
3730:
3704:
3688:
3669:
3667:British princes
3664:
3630:
3621:
3613:
3603:
3594:
3586:
3571:
3562:
3554:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3526:
3515:
3514:
3509:
3499:
3490:
3485:Colonel of the
3481:
3471:
3462:
3457:Colonel of the
3453:
3437:31 October 1765
3432:
3426:
3425:
3417:
3410:
3373:
3365:
3355:
3294:
3276:
3274:Further reading
3258:, ed. (1911). "
3243:
3241:
3228:
3209:
3190:
3171:
3152:
3133:
3114:
3086:A King in Toils
3077:
3058:
3039:
3002:
2983:
2961:
2937:
2897:
2878:
2859:
2840:
2821:
2792:, ed. (1911b).
2782:
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2442:
2440:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2416:
2414:
2413:. Heraldica.org
2407:
2403:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2375:
2373:
2368:
2367:
2363:
2347:
2343:
2327:
2323:
2319:Stanley, p. 200
2318:
2314:
2309:
2305:
2300:
2296:
2291:
2287:
2283:Anderson p. 211
2282:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2265:Anderson p. 177
2264:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2242:
2237:
2233:
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2212:
2207:
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2141:
2136:
2132:
2122:
2120:
2119:. Fullbooks.com
2115:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2071:
2066:
2062:
2046:
2042:
2038:Tomasson, p 119
2037:
2033:
2023:
2021:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1984:
1979:
1972:
1968:Longmate p. 155
1967:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1950:Browning p. 219
1949:
1945:
1935:
1933:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1919:Browning p. 212
1918:
1914:
1910:Browning p. 206
1909:
1905:
1889:
1885:
1869:
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1627:
1626:
1611:
1607:
1602:
1499:
1492:
1489:
1480:
1477:
1457:
1387:British Honours
1369:
1344:
1334:, Cumberland's
1324:
1268:
1195:
1121:
1116:
1110:
1104:
1098:
1065:
1045:Prince of Wales
1033:
1015:, or Val, near
993:
987:
957:Prince of Wales
941:
881:
867:
861:
784:
693:Captain-General
650:
634:Sir John Norris
622:
582:of the Isle of
532:Leicester House
525:William Hogarth
517:
497:Maurice de Saxe
454:Jacobite Rising
429:(15 April 1721
416:
336:
334:
333:Government Army
332:
287:
285:
284:
275:
273:
253:
252:
241:
239:
227:
223:
212:Military career
141:
135:
115:
111:
110:31 October 1765
93:Leicester House
91:
86:15 April 1721 (
81:
79:
71:
68:
28:
23:
22:
15:
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11:
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5289:
5288:
5285:
5284:
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5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5254:Dress Act 1746
5251:
5246:
5240:
5238:
5237:The Forty-Five
5234:
5233:
5231:
5230:
5225:
5216:
5211:
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5185:
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5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5089:
5087:
5083:The Forty-Five
5079:
5078:
5076:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5043:Earl Marischal
5040:
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5015:
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4836:
4831:
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4815:
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4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4749:
4748:
4743:
4736:Scottish clans
4732:
4729:
4728:
4721:
4720:
4713:
4706:
4698:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4663:Sir Peter Wall
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4628:Sir Peter Inge
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4598:Sir Peter Hunt
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4574:
4572:
4566:
4565:
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4562:
4557:
4552:
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4517:
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4507:
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4497:
4492:
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4454:
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4445:
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4410:
4405:
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4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
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4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4292:
4286:
4285:
4270:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4247:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4234:
4226:
4218:
4215:Prince William
4212:
4206:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4188:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4165:
4156:
4155:
4146:Prince Consort
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4120:
4118:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4110:
4103:
4098:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4066:
4064:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4027:9th generation
4024:
4023:
4021:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3968:King George VI
3965:
3959:
3957:
3956:8th generation
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3899:
3897:
3896:7th generation
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3861:
3859:
3858:6th generation
3855:
3854:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3835:
3833:
3832:5th generation
3829:
3828:
3826:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3778:King George IV
3774:
3772:
3771:4th generation
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3738:
3736:
3735:3rd generation
3732:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3712:
3710:
3709:2nd generation
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3700:King George II
3696:
3694:
3693:1st generation
3690:
3689:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3663:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3640:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3623:
3614:
3609:
3605:
3604:
3599:
3596:
3587:
3582:
3578:
3577:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3564:
3555:
3550:
3546:
3545:
3533:
3528:
3519:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3492:
3482:
3477:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3464:
3454:
3449:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3439:
3418:
3411:
3408:
3403:
3402:
3388:
3371:
3364:
3363:External links
3361:
3360:
3359:
3353:
3340:
3327:
3318:
3307:
3298:
3293:978-1317899211
3292:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3256:Chisholm, Hugh
3233:
3232:
3226:
3213:
3207:
3194:
3188:
3175:
3169:
3156:
3150:
3137:
3131:
3118:
3112:
3099:
3090:
3088:. L. Drummond.
3081:
3075:
3062:
3056:
3043:
3037:
3024:
3015:
3006:
3000:
2987:
2981:
2968:
2941:
2935:
2922:
2913:
2901:
2895:
2882:
2876:
2863:
2857:
2844:
2838:
2825:
2819:
2813:. Black Swan.
2806:
2790:Chisholm, Hugh
2786:
2780:
2767:
2761:
2748:
2742:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2698:
2664:
2648:
2622:
2613:
2611:, p. 627.
2609:Chisholm 1911b
2601:
2575:
2549:
2524:
2503:
2497:978-0813533254
2496:
2476:
2450:
2424:
2401:
2383:
2361:
2341:
2321:
2312:
2303:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2267:
2258:
2249:
2247:Cusick, p. 133
2240:
2231:
2222:
2210:
2192:
2180:
2178:Glover, p. 148
2166:
2157:
2148:
2139:
2137:Speck, p. 170.
2130:
2108:
2099:
2090:
2081:
2069:
2060:
2040:
2031:
2009:
2007:, p. 624.
1982:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1921:
1912:
1903:
1883:
1863:
1843:
1841:, p. 623.
1826:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1794:Thurley p. 279
1787:
1767:
1758:
1733:
1724:
1707:
1671:
1662:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1580:Queen Victoria
1576:Murray Pittock
1536:Cumberland Gap
1498:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1471:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1447:Chancellor of
1445:
1430:
1429:
1416:
1403:
1368:
1365:
1360:
1359:
1352:
1351:Prince William
1343:
1340:
1330:The tabard of
1323:
1320:
1290:, his home in
1267:
1264:
1194:
1191:
1187:light infantry
1120:
1117:
1106:Main article:
1100:Main article:
1097:
1094:
1085:Horace Walpole
1064:
1061:
1032:
1029:
989:Main article:
986:
983:
953:City of London
940:
937:
905:ensuing battle
882: 1730-40
863:Main article:
860:
857:
835:. On reaching
812:Recalled from
783:
780:
721:Pragmatic Army
719:(known as the
703:of the allied
649:
646:
621:
618:
516:
513:
489:Dutch Republic
444:and his wife,
434:King George II
422:
421:
418:
417:
415:
414:
413:
412:
402:
401:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
370:
369:
368:
363:
358:
347:
345:
341:
340:
330:Pragmatic Army
327:
323:
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317:
313:
312:
309:
305:
304:
301:
297:
296:
271:
265:
264:
236:
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172:
167:
161:
160:
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156:
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151:
143:
142:
136:
132:
128:
127:
114:(aged 44)
108:
104:
103:
77:
73:
72:
59:
51:
50:
37:
36:
35:Prince William
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5525:
5514:
5513:Sons of kings
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
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5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
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5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
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5391:
5390:
5388:
5373:
5372:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5361:
5359:
5358:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
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5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5306:"Charles III"
5304:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5296:
5294:
5290:
5280:
5277:
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5229:
5226:
5224:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5209:Clan Act 1715
5207:
5205:
5204:Riot Act 1714
5202:
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5199:
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5192:
5186:
5179:
5165:
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5033:
5031:
5025:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
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5003:Baronet Munro
5001:
4999:
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4991:
4989:
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4779:
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4759:
4756:
4754:
4753:The Highlands
4751:
4747:
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4742:
4739:
4738:
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4734:
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4726:
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4525:Sir John Dill
4523:
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4388:Viscount Hill
4386:
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4364:
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4328:Earl of Stair
4326:
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4314:
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4309:
4306:
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4299:
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3998:
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3993:
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3990:
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3908:King George V
3906:
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3842:
3840:
3839:Prince Albert
3837:
3836:
3834:
3830:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3818:Prince Alfred
3816:
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3436:
3430:15 April 1721
3429:
3424:
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3422:House of Welf
3416:
3415:
3406:
3400:
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3380:
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3346:
3341:
3337:
3334:(in German).
3333:
3328:
3324:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3308:
3304:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3286:. Routledge.
3285:
3284:
3278:
3277:
3267:
3266:
3261:
3257:
3252:
3251:public domain
3240:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3229:
3223:
3219:
3214:
3210:
3204:
3201:. iUniverse.
3200:
3195:
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3147:
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3059:
3057:0-7509-1321-5
3053:
3049:
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2905:Rolt, Richard
2902:
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2768:
2764:
2762:0-85033-923-5
2758:
2754:
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2708:
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2686:
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2253:
2244:
2238:Gallay, p. 93
2235:
2229:Dilisio, p. 6
2226:
2217:
2215:
2208:Cusick, p. 21
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2190:Tucker, p. 89
2187:
2185:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2161:
2152:
2143:
2134:
2118:
2112:
2103:
2094:
2088:Plank, p. 116
2085:
2076:
2074:
2064:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2044:
2035:
2019:
2013:
2006:
2005:Chisholm 1911
2001:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1977:
1975:
1965:
1956:
1947:
1931:
1925:
1916:
1907:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1840:
1839:Chisholm 1911
1835:
1833:
1831:
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1809:
1800:
1791:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1771:
1762:
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1239:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1224:
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1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1197:In 1757, the
1190:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1119:North America
1115:
1109:
1103:
1093:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
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1037:
1028:
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1022:
1018:
1014:
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998:
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982:
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979:
974:
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966:
962:
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954:
950:
946:
936:
934:
929:
925:
921:
915:
913:
908:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
876:
871:
866:
856:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
825:
823:
819:
815:
810:
808:
804:
800:
797:
788:
779:
777:
773:
769:
768:fall of Ghent
765:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
732:
728:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
686:
681:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
654:major-general
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
617:
615:
611:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
591:Edmond Halley
587:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
526:
521:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
481:John Ligonier
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
438:Great Britain
435:
428:
419:
411:
408:
407:
406:
403:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
375:
374:
371:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
353:
352:
349:
348:
346:
342:
339:
331:
328:
324:
321:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
295:
283:
272:
266:
262:
257:
249:
248:Great Britain
237:
233:
230:
226:
225:Sweet William
222:
219:
215:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
191:
188:
184:
181:
178:
174:
171:
168:
166:
162:
153:
148:
144:
139:
133:
129:
126:
122:
118:
109:
105:
102:
98:
94:
89:
78:
74:
63:
57:
52:
49:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
5369:
5362:
5355:
5351:"Francis II"
5316:"Charles IV"
5188:Consequences
5107:
5028:The Nineteen
4973:…in Cornwall
4873:First rising
4413:Earl Roberts
4378:Duke of York
4368:Duke of York
4363:Lord Amherst
4358:Henry Conway
4353:Lord Amherst
4337:
4282:British Army
4228:
4220:
4214:
4150:
4105:
4015:
4008:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3944:
3927:
3884:
3725:
3684:
3680:
3616:
3589:
3557:
3536:
3530:
3521:
3510:
3504:
3484:
3456:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3412:
3344:
3335:
3331:
3322:
3312:
3302:
3282:
3263:
3236:Attribution:
3235:
3234:
3217:
3198:
3182:. ABC-CLIO.
3179:
3160:
3141:
3122:
3103:
3094:
3085:
3066:
3047:
3028:
3019:
3013:. Pan Books.
3010:
2991:
2972:
2945:
2926:
2917:
2908:
2886:
2867:
2848:
2829:
2810:
2799:
2771:
2752:
2733:
2711:. Retrieved
2701:
2689:. Retrieved
2684:
2651:
2639:. Retrieved
2634:
2625:
2616:
2604:
2592:. Retrieved
2588:the original
2578:
2566:. Retrieved
2562:the original
2552:
2540:. Retrieved
2527:
2515:. Retrieved
2506:
2486:
2479:
2467:. Retrieved
2463:the original
2453:
2441:. Retrieved
2437:the original
2427:
2415:. Retrieved
2404:
2395:
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2364:
2353:
2344:
2333:
2324:
2315:
2306:
2297:
2288:
2279:
2270:
2261:
2256:Rolt, p. 498
2252:
2243:
2234:
2225:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2133:
2121:. Retrieved
2111:
2102:
2093:
2084:
2063:
2052:
2043:
2034:
2022:. Retrieved
2012:
1964:
1955:
1946:
1934:. Retrieved
1924:
1915:
1906:
1895:
1886:
1875:
1866:
1855:
1846:
1808:
1799:
1790:
1779:
1770:
1761:
1750:
1727:
1719:
1710:
1665:
1653:. Retrieved
1638:
1617:
1614:Walter Scott
1608:
1591:
1584:
1569:
1554:
1552:
1510:
1505:
1464:
1460:
1458:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1418:
1413:
1405:
1400:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1361:
1356:His Highness
1355:
1349:His Highness
1348:
1277:
1260:
1253:
1235:
1196:
1179:
1170:
1138:
1066:
1042:
1009:Marshal Saxe
994:
976:
975:'s oratorio
960:
942:
933:high treason
916:
909:
887:Arriving in
886:
853:Falkirk Muir
849:Henry Hawley
841:Clifton Moor
826:
811:
793:
760:
744:Marshal Saxe
740:take Tournai
737:
690:
651:
623:
607:
603:William Kent
588:
529:
509:horse racing
474:
469:
465:
464:opponents: '
426:
425:
344:Battles/wars
294:British Army
228:
224:
220:
112:(1765-10-31)
40:
29:
5403:1765 deaths
5398:1721 births
5331:"Francis I"
4988:Earl of Mar
4978:…in England
4963:The Fifteen
4773:Covenanters
4768:Restoration
4333:George Wade
4232:(1799–1919)
4224:(1766–1790)
4217:(1726–1765)
4211:(1683–1708)
4205:(1644–1682)
3983:Prince John
3552:George Wade
3542:(1799–1809)
3516:(1714–1717)
2851:. Pimlico.
2330:"No. 10573"
2220:Hall, p. 66
2097:Clee, p. 42
1718:. Glasgow.
1655:17 February
1548:Kew Gardens
1266:Final years
1158:Crown Point
1141:Ohio Valley
875:Arthur Pond
670:musket ball
540:Westminster
493:Marlborough
251:(1740–1757)
229:Martial boy
221:The Butcher
217:Nickname(s)
69: 1759
5387:Categories
5336:"Mary III"
4998:Lord Lovat
4819:Queen Anne
4741:Clan chief
4725:Jacobitism
3622:1751–1765
3595:1746–1765
3563:1745–1757
3527:1744–1757
3491:1742–1757
3463:1740–1742
2966:required.)
2691:1 November
2542:16 October
2350:"No. 8119"
2049:"No. 8521"
1892:"No. 8240"
1872:"No. 8286"
1852:"No. 8094"
1776:"No. 6382"
1747:"No. 6494"
1720:The Herald
1704:Speck 2004
1630:References
1280:George III
1227:Royal Navy
1166:Beauséjour
1150:New France
1081:absolutist
1017:Maastricht
965:civil list
912:no quarter
709:Hanoverian
515:Early life
501:opposition
470:Cumberland
282:Royal Navy
235:Allegiance
82:1721-04-15
5326:"Mary II"
4839:George II
2685:The Times
1439:1751–1765
1242:North Sea
1223:d'Estrées
1145:Newcastle
1031:Peacetime
961:per annum
903:. In the
897:Inverness
889:Edinburgh
662:George II
448:. He was
303:1740–1757
196:Signature
88:New Style
5147:Abortive
4834:George I
3685:princess
3677:George I
3338:: 35–37.
2907:(1767).
2753:Kew Past
2687:. London
2635:BBC News
1936:10 April
1619:Waverley
1538:and the
1433:Academic
1154:Duquesne
1077:purchase
924:Catholic
901:Culloden
893:Aberdeen
859:Culloden
845:Carlisle
829:Ligonier
822:Scotland
814:Flanders
764:Brussels
756:Fontenoy
752:marksmen
713:Austrian
697:Flanders
584:Alderney
572:Viscount
556:Marquess
548:George I
487:and the
326:Commands
268:Service/
140:, London
5103:Lochiel
4993:Rob Roy
4844:Toryism
4797:Mary II
4280:of the
3393:at the
3253::
2811:Eclipse
2726:Sources
2641:21 June
2417:21 June
2123:21 June
1367:Honours
1292:Windsor
1240:on the
1219:Hamelin
1217:, near
1211:Elector
1183:Loudoun
1162:Niagara
1053:regency
837:Penrith
705:British
699:became
658:Germany
640:of the
638:colonel
614:Hanover
466:Butcher
456:at the
442:Ireland
311:General
261:Hanover
170:Hanover
125:England
117:Mayfair
101:England
5371:Joseph
5364:Sophie
5346:Albert
5321:Victor
5085:(1745)
5030:(1719)
4965:(1715)
4875:(1689)
3681:prince
3531:Vacant
3505:Vacant
3433:
3351:
3290:
3247:
3224:
3205:
3186:
3167:
3148:
3129:
3110:
3073:
3054:
3035:
2998:
2979:
2960:
2933:
2893:
2874:
2855:
2836:
2817:
2778:
2759:
2740:
2713:16 May
2659:
2494:
1534:, the
1526:, and
1497:Legacy
1308:London
1304:stroke
1296:London
1164:, and
1135:, 1758
1073:father
1001:Rocoux
973:Handel
796:Prince
776:Ostend
772:Bruges
578:, and
544:London
291:
279:
270:branch
263:(1757)
245:
186:Mother
176:Father
131:Burial
121:London
97:London
5197:Early
3435:Died:
3428:Born:
2594:5 May
2568:5 May
2536:(PDF)
2517:5 May
2469:5 May
2443:5 May
2376:5 May
2024:5 May
1600:Notes
1300:obese
1255:Zeven
1238:Stade
833:Derby
725:Paris
717:Dutch
597:. At
580:Baron
165:House
150:Names
5223:1725
5221:and
5164:1759
5159:1744
5154:1708
4795:and
4276:and
3683:and
3349:ISBN
3288:ISBN
3222:ISBN
3203:ISBN
3184:ISBN
3165:ISBN
3146:ISBN
3127:ISBN
3108:ISBN
3071:ISBN
3052:ISBN
3033:ISBN
2996:ISBN
2977:ISBN
2931:ISBN
2891:ISBN
2872:ISBN
2853:ISBN
2834:ISBN
2815:ISBN
2776:ISBN
2757:ISBN
2738:ISBN
2715:2013
2693:2023
2657:ISBN
2643:2010
2596:2012
2570:2012
2544:2022
2519:2012
2492:ISBN
2471:2012
2445:2012
2419:2010
2378:2012
2125:2010
2026:2012
1938:2021
1657:2014
1455:Arms
1427:1742
1414:1725
1401:1730
949:Tory
945:Whig
922:and
774:and
715:and
683:The
564:Earl
462:Tory
440:and
316:Unit
308:Rank
107:Died
76:Born
46:more
5357:Max
3262:".
2952:doi
1544:Kew
1314:in
1199:war
1131:by
1049:son
538:),
436:of
5389::
3377:.
3336:41
2798:.
2683:.
2667:^
2633:.
2394:.
2352:.
2332:.
2213:^
2195:^
2183:^
2169:^
2072:^
2051:.
1985:^
1973:^
1894:.
1874:.
1854:.
1829:^
1817:^
1778:.
1749:.
1736:^
1674:^
1646:.
1596:.
1522:,
1518:,
1467:.
1441::
1425:,
1421::
1419:PC
1412:,
1408::
1406:KB
1399:,
1395::
1393:KG
1378:-
1168:.
1160:,
1156:,
935:.
879:c.
877:,
855:.
824:.
770:,
711:,
707:,
676:.
660:.
605:.
586:.
570:,
562:,
554:,
542:,
511:.
472:.
468:'
123:,
119:,
99:,
95:,
66:c.
64:,
4855:)
4851:(
4717:e
4710:t
4703:v
4266:e
4259:t
4252:v
4184:e
4177:t
4170:v
4153:.
3659:e
3652:t
3645:v
3381:.
3357:.
3316:.
3305:.
3296:.
3230:.
3211:.
3192:.
3173:.
3154:.
3135:.
3116:.
3079:.
3060:.
3041:.
3004:.
2985:.
2958:.
2954::
2939:.
2911:.
2899:.
2880:.
2861:.
2842:.
2823:.
2784:.
2765:.
2746:.
2717:.
2695:.
2645:.
2598:.
2572:.
2546:.
2521:.
2500:.
2473:.
2447:.
2421:.
2398:.
2380:.
2127:.
2028:.
1940:.
1659:.
90:)
84:)
80:(
48:)
44:(
20:)
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