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173:, in an apartment with his parents and two other families. "Bill recalls that his family had financial problems when he was young. His parents both worked and they all shared an apartment with his grandmother, an aunt and a cousin, until his second year in grammar school, when they moved to their own apartment." Shortly after
2624:"Fischer lodged a formal protest less than six hours after the forfeiture. It was overruled by the match committee. Everyone knew that Fischer wouldn't accept it lightly. And he didn't. His instant reaction was to make a reservation to fly home immediately. He was dissuaded by Lombardy." Brady 2011, p. 193.
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and I did enjoy working together. We both eventually got too busy with life's chores to give much detailed time to chess analysis. But we did spend much time together developing some novelties. How often did I play my Ruy idea? Not very often. But not because I did not trust the idea, rather because
195:
He took out a marble design notebook from a brown paper bag. "Here," he said, "I'm finished with it." I thanked him for the book, put it in the bag and played chess with the man. When I got home, I looked at my book ... Back in those days, there were five or six newspapers that carried a chess
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boy named Eddie
Garlerter who taught Lombardy how to play chess. When Lombardy was about 10 he went to Lion's Square Den Park to play stronger chess players. It was there that a kind, old, Jewish man gave Lombardy a booklet "that would change life." Lombardy elaborated on
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column. Over many, many years the old man had studiously pasted some two thousand of those chess clippings into his book. I had never asked him whether he had actually played over the games in those clippings. I was about to do what he himself may not entirely have done.
338:
In 1962, Lombardy tied for second at the U.S. Open, then won the New
England Championship, and, shortly thereafter, gave a lecture at the Manhattan Chess Club in which he analyzed the game: Lombardy–Lyman, New England Championship, Haverhill, September 1962
181:
I remember the winters were very tough in that apartment. My room used to sweat from the cold. The moisture used to seep through one wall. I used to have to get extra blankets to cover me at night so I wouldn't wake up with pneumonia in the
1320:
that
Lombardy invented: 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 d6 8.c3 0-0 9.h3 Na5 10.Bc2 c6. Lombardy essayed the move in at least nine official tournament games, scoring three wins, two losses, and four draws:
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was made aware of his plight and agreed to house him and provide long-term care even though he had left the priesthood. Lombardy accepted the offer but soon thereafter he left New York to live with a friend, Ralph
Palmieri, in
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for best result on first board in that event with a score of 12–1, and led the team to a
Student Team winning percentage of 78.8, the highest winning percentage in the history of the World Student Team Championships.
2579:"This is the stem position that should bear my name. i created it quite by accident. The thought was 'What would happen if Black decided to play the c-pawn only one square forward instead of to c5 as in the
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At the last minute, Fischer called upon
Lombardy to help him with the match. Although Lombardy was still a priest, he was allowed to take time off from the priesthood to go to
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with a perfect score of 11–0. He was the first U.S. citizen since
Steinitz to win an individual world chess title. Based on his performance, he was automatically awarded the
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866:
In 1979 Lombardy equaled his earlier score at Lone Pine, tying for fifth–tenth, and winning an upset against tournament favorite (and then World Number 2 player)
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in 1957, the only person to win that tournament with a perfect score. Lombardy led the U.S. Student Team to Gold in the 1960 World
Student Team Championship in
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reported that
Lombardy was embroiled in an eviction battle against his landlord, allegedly being several thousand dollars behind in rent. In 2016 he was
1457:
Lombardy left the priesthood in 1980. In 1982, he met a woman at a chess tournament in the
Netherlands whom he married and with whom he later had a son.
2082:"(one could hardly believe that the witty and vivacious Lombardy was preparing to be ordained a Catholic priest)." Plisetsky & Voronkov 2005, p. 26.
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255:, "Bill's chess ability developed rapidly." Lombardy won the 1954 New York State Championship with a score of 9/11 (+7−0=4), and tied for first with
4136:
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In the first round of the 1957 World Junior Championship, Lombardy defeated the Soviet representative Vladimir Selimanov in a variation of the
2597:"Fischer had not yet chosen a second; grandmaster William Lombardy took the position at the last moment." Edmonds & Eidinow 2004, p. 133.
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327:. However, Lombardy decided to retire from tournament competition and become a Roman Catholic priest. Before retiring, he lost a match to
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2073:"His decision to enter the priesthood in 1963 necessarily limited his chess ambition..." Hooper & Whyld 1992, pp. 232–33.
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2960:
Chess Results, 1978–1980 : A Comprehensive Record with 855 Tournament Crosstables and 90 Match Scores, with Sources
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2884:
Chess Results, 1964–1967: A Comprehensive Record with 1,204 Tournament Crosstables and 158 Match Scores, with Sources
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Chess Results, 1956–1960: A Comprehensive Record With 1,390 Tournament Crosstables and 142 Match Scores, With Sources
2834:
863:. This was perhaps the first camp of its type in the United States and attracted juniors from all over the country.
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2941:
Chess Results, 1975–1977: A Comprehensive Record with 872 Tournament Crosstables and 147 Match Scores, with Sources
2922:
Chess Results, 1971–1974: A Comprehensive Record with 966 Tournament Crosstables and 148 Match Scores, with Sources
2903:
Chess Results, 1968–1970: A Comprehensive Record with 854 Tournament Crosstables and 161 Match Scores, with Sources
2865:
Chess Results, 1961–1963: A Comprehensive Record with 938 Tournament Crosstables and 108 Match Scores, with Sources
2225:"With three wins and 8 draws (out of 11 rounds) I shared third behind Smyslov and Portisch." Lombardy 2011, p. 197.
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by the score of 3½–2½, and, in the same year, played second board for the World Student Team Championship in
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Endgame: Bobby Fischer's Remarkable Rise and Fall – from America's Brightest Prodigy to the Edge of Madness
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until several years later (at the age of 14), when he started to get serious about his chess playing.
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133:. He was one of the leading American chess players during the 1950s and 1960s, and a contemporary of
3181:
NY Chess Since 1972: A Guide Book Of Places To Go And People You Will See Around NY Chess (Volume 1)
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His seven times representing the USA at the World Student Team Championship is an American record.
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Lombardy played first board for the U.S. Team that won the 1960 World Student Team Championship in
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In 1978 and 1979, Lombardy served as the lead instructor at an "all day", week-long chess camp at
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by the score of 5½–4½. At the 1961 Zurich Chess Tournament, Lombardy tied for fourth place with
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3006:
Bobby Fischer Goes to War: How the Soviets Lost the Most Extraordinary Chess Match of All Time
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In 1974, Lombardy tied for second in The USA Open Championship, with 9½/12, going undefeated.
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Lombardy finished second in the 1960–61 U.S. Championship behind Bobby Fischer and ahead of
177:, Lombardy and his family moved to 961 Faile Street. Lombardy recalled of his new apartment:
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1850:, September 5, 1957, p. 3. Also available on DVD (p. 139 in "Chess Life 1957" PDF file").
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Chess Champion Bronxite, Enters Jesuit Novitiate, The Catholic News, August 20, 1960
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Snatched Opportunities on the Chessboard: Quick Victories in 200 Recent Master Games
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in a star-studded field. With this result, Lombardy qualified to compete in the
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In November 2011 Lombardy self-published his autobiographical game collection:
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In 1959, he took first place in the U.S. Log Cabin Invitational, scoring 7/10.
224:
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906:, where he focused on his writing and offered chess lessons by appointment.
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390:, scoring 7/11. In the same year, Lombardy tied for second with Benko and
204:
Bill Lombardy and Bobby Fischer analyzing, with Jack Collins watching them
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and left homeless, living on the subways and in various chess clubs. The
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2756:"William Lombardy's exceptional performance in 1960 is often overlooked"
2660:"'Father Bill' Lombardy, Bobby Fischer's Great Contemporary, dies at 79"
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Lombardy tied for first with Pal Benko in The USA Open Championship in
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In total, Lombardy won three individual gold medals, between the Men's
422:
316:
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2718:"Grandmaster, Priest, Fischer Coach William Lombardy (1937-2017) Dies"
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In 1976, Lombardy was on the U.S. team that won a gold medal at the
16:
American chess grandmaster, teacher, and Catholic priest (1937–2017)
1632:
6e Interpolis schaaktoernooi 1982 (6th Interpolis Chess Tournament)
1575:
Chess for Children, Step by Step: A New, Easy Way to Learn the Game
846:
433:
Lombardy (seated) and Fischer at the 14th Chess Olympiad in Leipzig
357:
In 1965, Lombardy tied with Byrne for first at the Western Open in
3075:
International Championship Chess: A Complete Record of FIDE Events
2737:"Chess, the church and the Cold War: The life of Fr Bill Lombardy"
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2316:"Lombardy, William James, World Student Team Chess Championship"
1371:
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2510:"The Strange Tale of the Chess Grandmaster Who Became a Priest"
1865:"William Lombardy, Chess Grandmaster Turned Priest, Dies at 79"
1781:"An End to a Chess Grandmaster's Eviction Battle Could be Near"
1531:
Daniels, David; Koltanowski, George; Lombardy, William (1975).
379:
Lombardy was ordained as a Roman Catholic priest in June 1967.
228:
2588:
in general I had no time to play chess." Lombardy 2011, p. 67.
1376:
Fischer was scheduled to play a match against Spassky for the
445:
166:
2254:"United States (USA) World Student Team Chess Championships"
1892:
1890:
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US Championship Chess, with the Games of the 1973 Tournament
455:
and the World Student Team Tournament (Under 26-Years-Old):
186:
It was at his new home that Lombardy became friends with an
125:(December 4, 1937 – October 13, 2017) was an American chess
2387:"United States (USA) World Student Team Chess Championship"
1755:"7th World Student Team Chess Championship: Leningrad 1960"
411:
372:
In 1966, Lombardy took clear first at the Southern Open in
354:, scoring 11/13. Lombardy also became U.S. Speed champion.
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By 2010, Lombardy was retired from chess and lived in the
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1974:
1972:
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376:, and tied with Ivkov for second at the Canadian Open.
274:
In 1957, Lombardy became the first American to win the
1415:
On September 16, 2015, the American biographical film
293:
and went "undefeated in second place", scoring 11/15.
1912:
1875:
263:. He then played and lost a match versus grandmaster
2678:"Fischer second Lombardy faces eviction | ChessBase"
2026:
1969:
1827:
852:
Lombardy tied for fifth–sixth place with 6/9 in The
3179:Sloan, Peter Julius Aravena; Aravena, Anda (2012).
3157:
1551:
3110:
3094:Understanding Chess: My System, My Games, My Life
2976:
1898:"World Renowned Chess Grandmaster to Visit UConn"
1641:Understanding Chess: My System, My Games, My Life
1629:
911:Understanding Chess: My System, My Games, My Life
4043:
2294:"Lombardy, William James, Men's Chess Olympiads"
938:
1630:Lombardy, William; Verhoeven, R. G. P. (1983).
1549:
3000:
3298:Chess players for the United States with the
3273:
3028:The Rating of Chess Players, Past and Present
2558:"Neskaupstad 1984 - 365Chess.com Tournaments"
1774:
1772:
1372:1972 Spassky–Fischer World Championship Match
1366:Hjartarson–Lombardy, Neskaupstadur 1984 (½–½)
306:
271:, Sweden, going undefeated, and scoring 7/9.
165:mother. Lombardy grew up at 838 Beck Street,
3178:
3111:Plisetsky, Dmitry; Voronkov, Sergey (2005).
873:In 1980, Lombardy renounced the priesthood.
323:for the right to advance to a match for the
3044:
2338:"United States (USA) Men's Chess Olympiads"
1900:. University of Connecticut. April 28, 2010
3280:
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2919:
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2862:
2785:(1st ed.). David McKay. OCLC 2574422.
2507:
1858:
1856:
1769:
1550:Daniels, David; Lombardy, William (1975).
1380:. However, Fischer had a falling out with
27:
3287:
3152:
3058:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.
2843:
2794:(2nd ed.). David McKay. OCLC 724113.
2653:
2651:
1351:Ostojic–Lombardy, Wijk aan Zee 1969 (0–1)
916:
421:in their individual game. Lombardy won a
3197:
3091:
2734:
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2503:
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2499:
2497:
1863:McClain, Dylan Loeb (October 14, 2017).
1638:
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1511:
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1483:at Palmieri's home on October 13, 2017.
1452:
428:
208:Lombardy did not become a member of the
199:
4137:People from the East Village, Manhattan
3228:William J. Lombardy rating card at FIDE
2821:
2691:Peterson, Macaulay (October 14, 2017).
2472:"FIDE Rating List :: January 1979"
2274:olimpbase.org, the U.S.A. results files
2145:
1862:
1853:
1331:Olafsson–Lombardy, Reykjavik 1957 (½–½)
1179:
1172:
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1067:
1018:
990:
887:In 1984, Lombardy took second place in
876:In 1982, Lombardy took "equal first in
382:In 1969, Lombardy tied for second with
219:for three years, Lombardy received his
4044:
2753:
2648:
2508:Di Camillo, Kevin (January 15, 2018).
1778:
1326:Selimanov–Lombardy, Toronto 1957 (0–1)
1186:
997:
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1361:Parma–Lombardy, Banja Luka 1976 (½–½)
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299:In 1960, he was awarded the title of
3240:FIDE rating history at OlimpBase.org
3205:(2nd ed.). St. Martin's Press.
2658:Sands, David R. (October 17, 2017).
1779:Chaban, Matt A. V. (14 March 2016).
1341:Unzicker–Lombardy, Munich 1958 (½–½)
1336:Gligoric–Lombardy, Munich 1958 (1–0)
401:
129:, chess writer, teacher, and former
4122:American writers of Italian descent
3302:of grandmaster (GM) by title decade
3022:
2986:. International Chess Enterprises.
2754:Barden, Leonard (20 October 2017).
2735:Hannigan, Dave (October 18, 2017).
1356:Peters–Lombardy, Oberlin 1975 (1–0)
833:U.S. Military Academy at West Point
233:Saint Joseph's Seminary (Dunwoodie)
13:
3136:A Psychobiography of Bobby Fischer
1744:Edmonds & Eidinow 2004, p. 43.
1388:in his successful matches against
152:
14:
4153:
4127:American people of Polish descent
4097:American male non-fiction writers
3221:
1701:
921:
4142:Chess players from New York City
2529:Hooper & Whyld 1992, p. 233.
2189:Hooper & Whyld 1992, p. 232.
2005:Sunnucks 1970, pp. 239, and 538.
1704:"GM William Lombardy, 1937-2017"
1346:Ader–Lombardy, Bogota 1958 (0–1)
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365:at the USA Open Championship in
261:Canadian Open Chess Championship
33:William Lombardy (Leipzig, 1960)
4132:Catholics from New York (state)
4117:Laicized Roman Catholic priests
4082:American Roman Catholic priests
4077:City College of New York alumni
4031:Category:American chess players
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2146:Lardner, Rex (August 3, 1964).
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276:World Junior Chess Championship
246:
143:World Junior Chess Championship
3134:Ponterotto, Joseph G. (2012).
1791:
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361:, and shared first place with
137:, whom he seconded during the
1:
3055:The Oxford Companion to Chess
2770:
2637:. The Internet Movie Database
1596:(2nd ed.). David McKay.
1497:(1st ed.). David McKay.
1378:World Chess Championship 1972
139:World Chess Championship 1972
123:William James Joseph Lombardy
42:William James Joseph Lombardy
4102:World Junior Chess Champions
4087:American non-fiction writers
3253:Bill Lombardy - by Bill Wall
3246:player profile and games at
348:U.S. Open Chess Championship
7:
2491:Lombardy, 2011, pp. 260–63.
1486:
414:. Lombardy defeated future
278:. He won the tournament in
10:
4158:
4072:Chess Olympiad competitors
4026:List of chess grandmasters
3234: (archived 2017-01-21)
3203:The Encyclopaedia of Chess
3092:Lombardy, William (2011).
2514:National Catholic Register
2127:Lombardy 2011, pp. 141–42.
1815:Collins 1974, pp. 129–130.
1639:Lombardy, William (2011).
1611:Lombardy, William (1978).
1594:Modern Chess Opening Traps
1592:Lombardy, William (1978).
1573:Lombardy, William (1977).
1512:Lombardy, William (1973).
1495:Modern Chess Opening Traps
1493:Lombardy, William (1972).
1410:
925:
346:In 1963, Lombardy won the
307:Semi-retirement from chess
289:In 1958, he played in the
4020:
3939:
3803:
3652:
3536:
3435:
3384:
3358:
3307:
3296:
2983:The Unknown Bobby Fischer
2980:; Tangborn, Eric (1999).
2958:Di Felice, Gino (2014c).
2939:Di Felice, Gino (2014b).
2920:Di Felice, Gino (2014a).
2901:Di Felice, Gino (2013c).
2882:Di Felice, Gino (2013b).
2863:Di Felice, Gino (2013a).
1824:Lombardy 2011, pp. 12–13.
1613:Guide to Tournament Chess
1577:. Little Brown & Co.
1479:. He died of a suspected
1384:, who had been Fischer's
861:Michigan State University
827:In 1971, Lombardy gave a
319:tournament to be held in
301:International Grandmaster
112:
102:
91:
74:
54:
46:
38:
26:
21:
3004:; Eidinow, John (2004).
2844:Di Felice, Gino (2010).
2827:My Seven Chess Prodigies
2540:"Lombardy William James"
2461:Di Felice 2014c, p. 162.
2452:Di Felice 2014b, p. 289.
2434:Di Felice 2014a, p. 335.
2416:Di Felice 2013a, p. 128.
2234:Di Felice 2013c, p. 181.
2216:Di Felice 2013c, p. 178.
2207:Di Felice 2013b, p. 260.
2198:Di Felice 2013b, p. 229.
2180:Di Felice 2013b, p. 176.
2171:Di Felice 2013b, p. 178.
2136:Di Felice 2013a, p. 301.
2118:Di Felice 2013a, p. 200.
2109:Di Felice 2013a, p. 214.
2100:Di Felice 2013a, p. 124.
2091:Di Felice 2013a, p. 242.
1658:
932:to describe chess moves.
291:Mar del Plata tournament
217:City College of New York
157:Lombardy was born to an
3113:Russians versus Fischer
3096:. Russell Enterprises.
2606:Schonberg 1973, p. 283.
2443:Di Felice 2014b, p. 38.
2425:Lombardy, 2011, p. 152.
2407:Di Felice 2010, p. 490.
2367:Di Felice 2010, p. 485.
2358:Di Felice 2010, p. 282.
2046:Di Felice 2010, p. 369.
1726:Kažić 1974, pp. 273–74.
1643:. Russell Enterprises.
1472:Archdiocese of New York
1421:was released, starring
829:simultaneous exhibition
4092:American chess writers
4062:American chess players
2829:. Simon and Schuster.
2283:Lombardy 2011, p. 240.
2243:Lombardy 2011, p. 116.
2064:Di Felice 2013a, p. 4.
2055:Sunnucks 1970, p. 512.
2023:Sunnucks 1970, p. 473.
1996:Sunnucks 1970, p. 292.
1966:Di Felice 2010, p. 46.
1939:Lombardy 2011, p. 157.
1921:Lombardy 2011, p. 149.
1884:Lombardy 2011, p. 150.
1682:"Lombardy, William J."
917:Contributions to chess
434:
386:, going undefeated at
241:Saint Louis University
237:educational psychology
205:
198:
184:
4107:People from the Bronx
3160:Grandmasters of Chess
3138:. Charles C. Thomas.
3073:Kažić, B. M. (1974).
2799:Brady, Frank (2011).
2790:Brady, Frank (1973).
2570:Lombardy 2011, p. 86.
2037:Collins 1974, p. 127.
2014:Lombardy 2011, p. 85.
1987:Lombardy 2011, p. 67.
1978:Lombardy 2011, p. 54.
1957:Collins 1974, p. 141.
1948:Collins 1974, p. 136.
1836:Lombardy 2011, p. 14.
1806:Collins 1974, p. 129.
1797:Lombardy 2011, p. 11.
1735:Lombardy 2011, p. 66.
1453:Later years and death
432:
203:
193:
179:
116:No. 46 (January 1978)
3164:. J. B. Lippincott.
3154:Schonberg, Harold C.
2792:Profile of a Prodigy
2783:Profile of a Prodigy
2664:The Washington Times
1477:Martinez, California
1304:
284:International Master
215:After attending the
85:Martinez, California
3238:William J. Lombardy
2722:US Chess Federation
2693:"RIP 'Father Bill'"
2376:Brady 1973, p. 172.
831:and lecture at the
442:22nd Chess Olympiad
210:Marshall Chess Club
108:2540 (January 1978)
4067:Chess Grandmasters
2724:. 14 October 2017.
2615:Brady 2011, p. 98.
2585:Nicholas Rossolimo
2152:Sports Illustrated
1869:The New York Times
1785:The New York Times
1463:The New York Times
930:algebraic notation
928:This section uses
651:Individual result
469:Individual result
435:
325:world championship
235:. He also studied
227:in ethics, and an
223:in philosophy, an
206:
4039:
4038:
3212:978-0-7091-4697-1
3190:978-1-460961-41-4
3145:978-0-398-08742-5
3103:978-1-936490-22-6
3015:978-0-06-051025-1
3008:. HarperCollins.
2969:978-1-476-61893-7
2950:978-1-476-61892-0
2931:978-1-476-61891-3
2912:978-0-786-47574-2
2893:978-0-786-47573-5
2874:978-0-786-47572-8
2855:978-0-786-44803-6
2814:978-0-307-46390-6
2389:. olimpbase. 2015
2340:. olimpbase. 2015
2318:. olimpbase. 2015
2296:. olimpbase. 2015
2256:. olimpbase. 2015
1671:Elo 1978, p. 183.
1650:978-1-93649-022-6
1298:
1297:
818:
817:
657:U.S. team result
645:Student Team U26
636:
635:
616:Buenos Aires 1978
475:U.S. team result
402:Team competitions
335:, scoring 6½/11.
333:Svetozar Gligorić
313:Raymond Weinstein
120:
119:
113:Peak ranking
4149:
3407:Dzindzichashvili
3282:
3275:
3268:
3259:
3258:
3244:William Lombardy
3216:
3194:
3175:
3163:
3149:
3130:
3115:(2nd ed.).
3107:
3088:
3069:
3041:
3019:
2997:
2973:
2954:
2935:
2916:
2897:
2878:
2859:
2840:
2823:Collins, John W.
2818:
2803:(1st ed.).
2795:
2786:
2764:
2763:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2732:
2726:
2725:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2680:. 16 March 2016.
2674:
2668:
2667:
2655:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2635:"Pawn Sacrifice"
2631:
2625:
2622:
2616:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2598:
2595:
2589:
2581:Chigorin Defense
2577:
2571:
2568:
2562:
2561:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2542:. Archived from
2536:
2530:
2527:
2518:
2517:
2505:
2492:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2468:
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2250:
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2205:
2199:
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2160:
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2116:
2110:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2092:
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2074:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2056:
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2047:
2044:
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2024:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2006:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1967:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1931:
1928:
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1607:
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1569:
1557:
1546:
1527:
1508:
1394:Tigran Petrosian
1308:
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1189:
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1175:
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1014:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1000:
999:
993:
992:
986:
985:
980:
979:
939:
895:, scoring 7/11.
642:
641:
460:
459:
265:Samuel Reshevsky
159:Italian-American
104:Peak rating
81:
78:October 13, 2017
65:December 4, 1937
64:
62:
31:
22:William Lombardy
19:
18:
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3431:
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3303:
3292:
3286:
3232:Wayback Machine
3224:
3219:
3213:
3191:
3183:. CreateSpace.
3172:
3146:
3127:
3104:
3085:
3066:
3038:
3016:
2994:
2978:Donaldson, John
2970:
2951:
2932:
2913:
2894:
2875:
2856:
2837:
2815:
2773:
2768:
2767:
2752:
2748:
2741:The Irish Times
2733:
2729:
2716:
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2701:
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2495:
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2477:
2475:
2474:. olimpbase.com
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2166:
2156:
2154:
2148:"Point Of Fact"
2144:
2140:
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2013:
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1670:
1666:
1661:
1651:
1623:
1615:. David McKay.
1604:
1585:
1566:
1543:
1535:. David McKay.
1524:
1505:
1489:
1460:In March 2016,
1455:
1447:Peter Sarsgaard
1413:
1374:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1310:
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1190:
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1015:
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
977:
935:
934:
933:
924:
919:
868:Victor Korchnoi
825:
623:4/7 (Sixteenth)
491:11/17 (Seventh)
463:Men's Olympiad
453:Chess Olympiads
404:
392:Mato Damjanović
309:
249:
188:Orthodox Jewish
163:Polish-American
155:
153:Formative years
131:Catholic priest
83:
79:
66:
60:
58:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3270:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3250:
3248:Chessgames.com
3241:
3235:
3223:
3222:External links
3220:
3218:
3217:
3211:
3199:Sunnucks, Anne
3195:
3189:
3176:
3170:
3150:
3144:
3131:
3125:
3117:Everyman Chess
3108:
3102:
3089:
3083:
3070:
3064:
3050:Whyld, Kenneth
3042:
3036:
3020:
3014:
3002:Edmonds, David
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2599:
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2572:
2563:
2549:
2546:on 2015-09-23.
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1554:Chess Panorama
1547:
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1431:Liev Schreiber
1418:Pawn Sacrifice
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922:Opening theory
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854:Lone Pine Open
824:
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805:7½/13 (Eighth)
803:
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734:
732:Leningrad 1960
728:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
706:
705:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
688:Reykjavik 1957
684:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
668:
662:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
638:
637:
634:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
612:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
590:
589:
586:
583:
580:
579:11/16 (Silver)
577:
574:
568:
567:
564:
561:
558:
555:
552:
546:
545:
542:
539:
536:
535:7½/11 (Silver)
533:
530:
524:
523:
520:
517:
514:
513:11½/17 (Fifth)
511:
508:
502:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
480:
479:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
416:world champion
403:
400:
384:Vlastimil Hort
308:
305:
248:
245:
154:
151:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
106:
100:
99:
93:
89:
88:
82:(aged 79)
76:
72:
71:
56:
52:
51:
48:
44:
43:
40:
39:Full name
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4154:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4112:Chess coaches
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4047:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4019:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3651:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
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3539:
3535:
3529:
3526:
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3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
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3506:
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3479:
3476:
3474:
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3469:
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3456:
3454:
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3434:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3306:
3301:
3295:
3291:
3283:
3278:
3276:
3271:
3269:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3239:
3236:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3214:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3186:
3182:
3177:
3173:
3171:4-87187-567-9
3167:
3162:
3161:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3141:
3137:
3132:
3128:
3126:1-85744-380-2
3122:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3105:
3099:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3084:0-273-07078-9
3080:
3076:
3071:
3067:
3065:0-19-280049-3
3061:
3057:
3056:
3051:
3047:
3046:Hooper, David
3043:
3039:
3037:0-923891-27-7
3033:
3029:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2993:1-879479-85-0
2989:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2962:. McFarland.
2961:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2943:. McFarland.
2942:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2924:. McFarland.
2923:
2918:
2914:
2908:
2905:. McFarland.
2904:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2886:. McFarland.
2885:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2867:. McFarland.
2866:
2861:
2857:
2851:
2848:. McFarland.
2847:
2842:
2838:
2836:4-87187-962-3
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2816:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2742:
2738:
2731:
2723:
2719:
2713:
2698:
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2687:
2679:
2673:
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2654:
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2636:
2630:
2621:
2612:
2603:
2594:
2586:
2582:
2576:
2567:
2559:
2553:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2526:
2524:
2515:
2511:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2488:
2473:
2467:
2458:
2449:
2440:
2431:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2393:September 23,
2388:
2382:
2373:
2364:
2355:
2344:September 23,
2339:
2333:
2322:September 23,
2317:
2311:
2300:September 23,
2295:
2289:
2280:
2271:
2260:September 23,
2255:
2249:
2240:
2231:
2222:
2213:
2204:
2195:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2157:September 19,
2153:
2149:
2142:
2133:
2124:
2115:
2106:
2097:
2088:
2079:
2070:
2061:
2052:
2043:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2020:
2011:
2002:
1993:
1984:
1975:
1973:
1963:
1954:
1945:
1936:
1927:
1918:
1916:
1899:
1893:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1857:
1849:
1848:
1842:
1833:
1831:
1821:
1812:
1803:
1794:
1786:
1782:
1775:
1773:
1756:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1723:
1709:
1705:
1702:Klein, Mike.
1698:
1684:olimpbase.com
1683:
1677:
1668:
1664:
1652:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1634:. Interpolis.
1633:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1576:
1571:
1567:
1561:
1556:
1555:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1525:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1458:
1450:
1449:as Lombardy.
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1435:Boris Spassky
1432:
1428:
1427:Bobby Fischer
1424:
1423:Tobey Maguire
1420:
1419:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1309:
1303:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1207:
971:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
941:
940:
931:
914:
912:
907:
905:
904:New York City
901:
896:
894:
890:
889:Neskaupstaður
885:
883:
879:
874:
871:
869:
864:
862:
857:
855:
850:
848:
844:
839:
836:
834:
830:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
799:
796:
795:
791:
788:
785:
783:7½/11 (Fifth)
782:
779:
777:
774:
773:
769:
766:
763:
761:9/11 (Silver)
760:
757:
755:
754:Helsinki 1961
752:
751:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
733:
730:
729:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
689:
686:
685:
681:
678:
675:
672:
669:
667:
664:
663:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
643:
640:
639:
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
617:
614:
613:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
595:
592:
591:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
573:
570:
569:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
551:
548:
547:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
529:
526:
525:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
507:
504:
503:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
485:
482:
481:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
461:
458:
457:
456:
454:
449:
447:
443:
438:
431:
427:
424:
420:
419:Boris Spassky
417:
413:
409:
399:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
377:
375:
370:
368:
364:
360:
355:
353:
350:, along with
349:
344:
342:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
304:
302:
297:
294:
292:
287:
285:
281:
277:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
251:According to
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
213:
211:
202:
197:
192:
189:
183:
178:
176:
172:
171:New York City
168:
164:
160:
150:
148:
144:
141:. He won the
140:
136:
135:Bobby Fischer
132:
128:
124:
115:
111:
107:
105:
101:
97:
94:
90:
86:
77:
73:
69:
68:New York City
57:
53:
50:United States
49:
45:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
3947:Balakrishnan
3402:Christiansen
3375:
3290:grandmasters
3202:
3180:
3159:
3135:
3112:
3093:
3074:
3053:
3030:. Batsford.
3027:
3005:
2982:
2959:
2940:
2921:
2902:
2883:
2864:
2845:
2826:
2800:
2791:
2782:
2779:Brady, Frank
2760:The Guardian
2759:
2749:
2740:
2730:
2721:
2712:
2700:. Retrieved
2696:
2686:
2672:
2663:
2639:. Retrieved
2629:
2620:
2611:
2602:
2593:
2575:
2566:
2552:
2544:the original
2534:
2513:
2487:
2476:. Retrieved
2466:
2457:
2448:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2412:
2403:
2391:. Retrieved
2381:
2372:
2363:
2354:
2342:. Retrieved
2332:
2320:. Retrieved
2310:
2298:. Retrieved
2288:
2279:
2270:
2258:. Retrieved
2248:
2239:
2230:
2221:
2212:
2203:
2194:
2185:
2176:
2167:
2155:. Retrieved
2151:
2141:
2132:
2123:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2069:
2060:
2051:
2042:
2019:
2010:
2001:
1992:
1983:
1962:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1926:
1902:. Retrieved
1868:
1845:
1841:
1820:
1811:
1802:
1793:
1784:
1759:. Retrieved
1749:
1740:
1731:
1722:
1711:. Retrieved
1707:
1697:
1686:. Retrieved
1676:
1667:
1640:
1631:
1612:
1593:
1574:
1553:
1532:
1516:. Batsford.
1513:
1494:
1481:heart attack
1461:
1459:
1456:
1443:Joan Fischer
1416:
1414:
1398:
1375:
1315:
910:
908:
900:East Village
897:
886:
875:
872:
865:
858:
851:
840:
837:
826:
823:Later career
739:12/13 (Gold)
666:Uppsala 1956
601:7/9 (Silver)
557:11/14 (Gold)
506:Leipzig 1960
450:
439:
436:
405:
381:
378:
371:
356:
352:Robert Byrne
345:
337:
310:
298:
295:
288:
273:
259:at the 1956
253:Jack Collins
250:
247:Early career
214:
207:
194:
185:
180:
175:World War II
156:
122:
121:
80:(2017-10-13)
4057:2017 deaths
4052:1937 births
3765:Perelshteyn
3644:Yermolinsky
3599:Schwartzman
3569:I. Gurevich
3448:D. Gurevich
1757:. OlimpBase
1558:. Chilton.
1390:Bent Larsen
1382:Larry Evans
1300:Lombardy's
849:, in 1975.
798:Kraków 1964
660:percentage
654:percentage
550:Siegen 1970
528:Lugano 1968
484:Munich 1958
478:percentage
472:percentage
388:Monte Carlo
367:Puerto Rico
329:Larry Evans
257:Larry Evans
231:, all from
161:father and
127:grandmaster
96:Grandmaster
4046:Categories
4024:See also:
3876:Naroditsky
3634:Stripunsky
3478:Fedorowicz
3458:De Firmian
3300:FIDE title
3077:. Pitman.
3024:Elo, Arpad
2771:References
2641:2015-09-16
2478:2015-09-18
1904:August 24,
1847:Chess Life
1713:2017-10-13
1688:2015-09-16
1622:0679130497
1603:4871879763
1584:4871879739
1565:4871879720
1542:4871879771
1523:0713403659
1504:4871879763
776:Budva 1963
710:Varna 1958
673:7/9 (Gold)
648:Board No.
594:Haifa 1976
466:Board No.
423:gold medal
398:, Israel.
317:Interzonal
61:1937-12-04
3962:Fernandez
3957:Daggupati
3940:2020–2029
3901:Shankland
3896:Sevillano
3856:Lenderman
3804:2010–2019
3795:Ziatdinov
3790:Zherebukh
3740:Khachiyan
3715:Hernández
3685:Domínguez
3653:2000–2009
3594:Sagalchik
3537:1990–1999
3436:1980–1989
3385:1970–1979
3359:1960–1969
3350:Rossolimo
3345:Reshevsky
3308:1950–1959
3288:American
3201:(1976) .
3052:(1992) .
2697:Chessbase
1708:Chess.com
1439:Lily Rabe
1401:Reykjavík
1318:Ruy Lopez
1302:Ruy Lopez
882:Venezuela
856:in 1977.
572:Nice 1974
408:Leningrad
363:Pal Benko
359:St. Louis
341:Ruy Lopez
321:Stockholm
147:Leningrad
4007:Woodward
3977:Jacobson
3846:Hungaski
3760:Nakamura
3710:González
3695:Finegold
3690:Erenburg
3609:Shabalov
3589:Onischuk
3564:Fishbein
3513:Seirawan
3493:Kaidanov
3443:Benjamin
3417:Palatnik
3397:Biyiasas
3376:Lombardy
3320:Bisguier
3156:(1973).
3026:(1978).
2825:(1974).
2781:(1965).
1761:March 8,
1487:Writings
1311:10...c6
847:Nebraska
620:2nd res.
182:morning.
3987:Niemann
3952:Brodsky
3831:Chandra
3811:Antipov
3785:Świercz
3775:Ramírez
3770:Quesada
3750:Kreiman
3735:Kaufman
3730:Jimenez
3705:Gareyev
3700:Friedel
3680:Caruana
3665:Aronian
3660:Akobian
3629:Shulman
3624:Sherzer
3584:Novikov
3554:Becerra
3549:Annakov
3544:Akopian
3528:Zaichik
3473:Ehlvest
3371:Kavalek
3340:Kashdan
3335:Fischer
3230:at the
2702:May 26,
1468:evicted
1411:In film
1405:Iceland
1307:novelty
893:Iceland
878:Caracas
843:Lincoln
598:reserve
585:Bronze,
576:reserve
563:Fourth,
554:reserve
532:reserve
519:Silver,
497:Fourth,
396:Netanya
374:Atlanta
343:(1–0).
286:title.
280:Toronto
269:Uppsala
47:Country
4002:Tiglon
3982:Mishra
3891:Sevian
3886:Robson
3881:Oparin
3871:Molner
3816:Arnold
3755:Moradi
3725:Izoria
3670:Ashley
3614:Shaked
3604:Serper
3579:Kamsky
3574:Ivanov
3559:Bruzón
3523:Wilder
3518:Soltis
3503:Mednis
3498:Kudrin
3488:Henley
3483:Goldin
3463:Denker
3427:Tarjan
3422:Rogoff
3392:Alburt
3209:
3187:
3168:
3142:
3123:
3100:
3081:
3062:
3034:
3012:
2990:
2966:
2947:
2928:
2909:
2890:
2871:
2852:
2833:
2811:
1647:
1619:
1600:
1581:
1562:
1539:
1520:
1501:
1445:, and
1386:second
814:61.6%
811:Fourth
792:60.4%
770:71.9%
767:Silver
748:78.8%
723:Silver
704:59.6%
701:Silver
682:43.8%
679:Eighth
632:62.5%
629:Bronze
610:71.2%
588:68.2%
566:67.8%
544:61.8%
541:Fourth
522:72.5%
500:61.8%
229:M.Div.
98:(1960)
87:, U.S.
70:, U.S.
3997:Sturt
3992:Sheng
3931:Zierk
3921:Xiong
3916:Troff
3906:Smith
3866:Liang
3851:Krush
3836:Checa
3826:Burke
3821:Brown
3745:Kraai
3639:Wolff
3508:Rohde
3468:Dlugy
3412:Gulko
3366:Byrne
3325:Evans
3315:Benko
2805:Crown
1659:Notes
808:57.7%
789:Fifth
786:68.2%
764:81.8%
742:92.3%
717:5½/10
698:58.3%
676:77.8%
626:57.1%
604:77.8%
582:68.8%
560:78.6%
538:68.2%
516:67.6%
494:64.7%
446:Haifa
191:this:
167:Bronx
92:Title
3972:Hong
3926:Yang
3911:Tang
3841:Holt
3720:Hess
3675:Bhat
3619:Sher
3453:Dake
3330:Fine
3207:ISBN
3185:ISBN
3166:ISBN
3140:ISBN
3121:ISBN
3098:ISBN
3079:ISBN
3060:ISBN
3032:ISBN
3010:ISBN
2988:ISBN
2964:ISBN
2945:ISBN
2926:ISBN
2907:ISBN
2888:ISBN
2869:ISBN
2850:ISBN
2831:ISBN
2809:ISBN
2704:2018
2395:2015
2346:2015
2324:2015
2302:2015
2262:2015
2159:2015
1906:2013
1763:2018
1645:ISBN
1617:ISBN
1598:ISBN
1579:ISBN
1560:ISBN
1537:ISBN
1518:ISBN
1499:ISBN
1392:and
745:Gold
726:55%
695:7/12
607:Gold
412:USSR
225:M.A.
221:B.A.
75:Died
55:Born
4012:Yoo
3967:Guo
1441:as
1433:as
1425:as
902:of
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720:55%
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