1550:
29:
1560:
139:
601:
Xuan paper features great tensile strength, smooth surface, pure and clean texture and clean stroke, great resistance to crease, corrosion, moth and mold. The majority of ancient
Chinese books and paintings by famous painters that survived until today are well preserved on Xuan paper. Xuan paper won
631:
The production of Xuan paper can be loosely described as an 18-step process, but a detailed account would involve over a hundred steps. Some paper makers have invented steps which have been kept secret from others. The process includes steaming and bleaching the bark of
577:. Shengxuan (literally "Raw Xuan"), which is not specially processed, excels in its ability to absorb water, causing the ink on it to blur. Shuxuan (literally "Ripe Xuan"), however, has a
731:
722:
1604:
511:
used for writing and painting. Xuan paper is renowned for being soft and fine-textured, suitable for conveying the artistic expression of both
1460:
585:
applied to the paper during production, which results in a stiffer texture, a reduced ability to absorb water, and less resistance to
593:
rather than Xieyi. Banshuxuan (literally "Half-ripe Xuan") has intermediate absorbability, between
Shengxuan and Shuxuan.
93:
65:
1445:
1440:
112:
1455:
1450:
72:
759:
923:
409:
161:
50:
620:
along with several other materials were subsequently added to the recipe, during the Song and Yuan dynasties.
1609:
1374:
698:
312:
175:
79:
1584:
1589:
1025:
46:
681:
originally appeared as "Analysis of modern
Chinese paper and treatment of a Chinese woodblock print" in
1321:
1242:
234:
61:
602:
the Golden Award at the Panama
International Exposition in 1915. Xuan paper was used to make scrolls.
1594:
853:
557:, the paper producing industries in Huizhou and Chizhou were gradually transferred to Jing County.
469:
988:
1435:
1369:
1326:
612:
549:(Xuanzhou), hence the name Xuan paper. During the Tang dynasty, the paper was often a mixture of
39:
192:"Paper of Xuan Cheng"(Xuan Cheng, or the Xuan Prefecture, is the origin of the Xuan paper trade)
1563:
1349:
1268:
993:
878:
671:
610:
The material Xuan paper uses is closely related to the geography of Jing County. The bark of
589:(meaning that it can be torn much more easily). This feature makes Shuxuan more suitable for
1379:
1137:
8:
1472:
1298:
752:
512:
335:
86:
1132:
978:
542:
298:
1500:
1045:
888:
779:
616:, a common species in the area, was used as the main material to produce Xuan paper.
1525:
1384:
1222:
1030:
1000:
793:
533:
516:
206:
1535:
1419:
1404:
1359:
1278:
1232:
1202:
1142:
1127:
968:
908:
858:
806:
801:
1553:
1510:
1197:
1162:
938:
913:
848:
745:
582:
1010:
1599:
1578:
1399:
1389:
1306:
1192:
1182:
1152:
1117:
1080:
1015:
983:
948:
1515:
1414:
1331:
1288:
1187:
1097:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1005:
973:
953:
928:
586:
554:
538:
351:
288:
213:
147:
1530:
1495:
1490:
1409:
1172:
1157:
1102:
1092:
1075:
1055:
1040:
933:
883:
783:
248:
1020:
650:
1467:
1394:
1316:
1273:
1237:
1167:
1147:
1122:
1087:
1050:
963:
943:
645:
227:
143:
565:
Due to different producing methods, Xuan paper can be classified into
1505:
1263:
1227:
1207:
1177:
1112:
1107:
958:
553:(the first fiber used for paper in China) and mulberry fiber. By the
546:
267:
28:
1520:
1364:
1354:
1311:
1035:
625:
274:
138:
1283:
828:
822:
295:
621:
590:
578:
372:
628:
also began to be used to produce xuan paper around that time.
1217:
1212:
918:
768:
673:
Technology, treatment, and care of a chinese wood block print
669:
508:
504:
432:
386:
317:
303:
617:
550:
446:
279:
258:
737:
527:
Xuan paper was first mentioned in ancient
Chinese books
239:
699:"Introduction to the Xuan Paper Making in Anhui China"
474:
218:
414:
53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1576:
636:as well as the addition of a variety of juices.
356:
340:
451:
437:
753:
180:
166:
391:
377:
815:
760:
746:
605:
137:
113:Learn how and when to remove this message
1605:Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
1577:
545:, which was under the jurisdiction of
741:
670:Fei Wen Tsai; Dianne van der Reyden,
1559:
723:Anhui Xuan paper on chinaculture.org
693:
691:
679:, Smithsonian Institution, p. 4
537:. It was originally produced in the
51:adding citations to reliable sources
22:
13:
732:Xuan paper at Anhui Online Library
14:
1621:
688:
560:
18:Paper used in Chinese calligraphy
1558:
1549:
1548:
27:
318:
304:
280:
259:
240:
38:needs additional citations for
663:
529:Notes of Past Famous Paintings
475:
415:
357:
219:
181:
167:
1:
1375:Environmental impact of paper
656:
7:
639:
596:
10:
1626:
1322:Surface chemistry of paper
825:(Zuo Bo/Tso Po/Tso Tzǔ-yi)
734:, retrieved on 2009-02-08.
725:, retrieved on 2009-02-08.
1544:
1483:
1428:
1340:
1297:
1256:
901:
871:
841:
792:
775:
767:
522:
486:
468:
463:
459:
452:
445:
438:
431:
426:
408:
403:
399:
392:
385:
378:
371:
366:
350:
334:
329:
311:
294:
287:
273:
266:
254:
247:
233:
226:
212:
205:
200:
196:
188:
174:
160:
155:
136:
132:
127:
854:Friedrich Gottlob Keller
162:Traditional Chinese
1370:Elemental chlorine free
1327:Units of paper quantity
634:Pteroceltis tatarinowii
613:Pteroceltis tatarinowii
606:Material and production
507:originating in ancient
176:Simplified Chinese
1350:Bleaching of wood pulp
703:China Culture Tour.com
341:
1269:Corrugated fiberboard
1026:Electrical insulation
879:Thomas Francis Carter
683:The Paper Conservator
1610:Papermaking in China
410:Revised Romanization
47:improve this article
1585:Chinese calligraphy
513:Chinese calligraphy
336:Vietnamese alphabet
1590:Chinese inventions
1572:
1571:
897:
896:
889:Tsien Tsuen-hsuin
867:
866:
837:
836:
780:Paper engineering
685:, 1997, pp. 48-62
490:
489:
482:
481:
422:
421:
325:
324:
207:Standard Mandarin
123:
122:
115:
97:
1617:
1595:Chinese painting
1562:
1561:
1552:
1551:
1536:Beverage cartons
1526:Watercolor paper
1385:Hollander beater
869:
868:
839:
838:
813:
812:
762:
755:
748:
739:
738:
730:
715:
714:
712:
710:
695:
686:
680:
678:
667:
534:New Book of Tang
478:
477:
461:
460:
455:
454:
441:
440:
418:
417:
401:
400:
395:
394:
381:
380:
362:
361:
346:
321:
320:
307:
306:
283:
282:
262:
261:
243:
242:
222:
221:
198:
197:
184:
183:
170:
169:
141:
125:
124:
118:
111:
107:
104:
98:
96:
55:
31:
23:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1540:
1479:
1424:
1420:Sulfite process
1405:Paper recycling
1360:Conical refiner
1342:
1336:
1293:
1279:Paper chemicals
1252:
893:
863:
859:Charles Fenerty
833:
811:
807:Missal of Silos
802:Battle of Talas
788:
771:
766:
728:
719:
718:
708:
706:
697:
696:
689:
676:
668:
664:
659:
642:
608:
599:
563:
547:Xuan Prefecture
525:
503:, is a kind of
359:
343:
330:Vietnamese name
189:Literal meaning
151:
119:
108:
102:
99:
56:
54:
44:
32:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1623:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1566:
1556:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1436:Paper industry
1432:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1380:Handmade paper
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1346:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1299:Specifications
1295:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1138:Plastic-coated
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
997:
996:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
905:
903:
899:
898:
895:
894:
892:
891:
886:
881:
875:
873:
865:
864:
862:
861:
856:
851:
849:Matthias Koops
845:
843:
835:
834:
832:
831:
826:
819:
817:
810:
809:
804:
798:
796:
790:
789:
787:
786:
776:
773:
772:
765:
764:
757:
750:
742:
736:
735:
726:
717:
716:
687:
661:
660:
658:
655:
654:
653:
648:
641:
638:
607:
604:
598:
595:
583:potassium alum
562:
561:Classification
559:
524:
521:
488:
487:
484:
483:
480:
479:
472:
466:
465:
464:Transcriptions
457:
456:
449:
443:
442:
435:
429:
428:
424:
423:
420:
419:
412:
406:
405:
404:Transcriptions
397:
396:
389:
383:
382:
375:
369:
368:
364:
363:
354:
348:
347:
344:giấy Xuyến chỉ
338:
332:
331:
327:
326:
323:
322:
315:
309:
308:
301:
292:
291:
285:
284:
277:
271:
270:
268:Yue: Cantonese
264:
263:
256:
252:
251:
245:
244:
237:
231:
230:
224:
223:
216:
210:
209:
203:
202:
201:Transcriptions
194:
193:
190:
186:
185:
178:
172:
171:
164:
158:
157:
153:
152:
150:on Xuan paper.
142:
134:
133:
130:
129:
121:
120:
35:
33:
26:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1622:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1565:
1557:
1555:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1462:
1461:United States
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1400:Paper machine
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1390:Kraft process
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
995:
992:
991:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
904:
900:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
876:
874:
870:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
844:
840:
830:
827:
824:
821:
820:
818:
814:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
797:
795:
791:
785:
781:
778:
777:
774:
770:
763:
758:
756:
751:
749:
744:
743:
740:
733:
727:
724:
721:
720:
704:
700:
694:
692:
684:
675:
674:
666:
662:
652:
649:
647:
644:
643:
637:
635:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
614:
603:
594:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
558:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
535:
530:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
485:
473:
471:
467:
462:
458:
450:
448:
444:
436:
434:
430:
427:Japanese name
425:
413:
411:
407:
402:
398:
390:
388:
384:
376:
374:
370:
365:
355:
353:
349:
345:
339:
337:
333:
328:
316:
314:
310:
302:
300:
297:
293:
290:
286:
278:
276:
272:
269:
265:
257:
253:
250:
246:
238:
236:
232:
229:
225:
217:
215:
211:
208:
204:
199:
195:
191:
187:
179:
177:
173:
165:
163:
159:
154:
149:
145:
140:
135:
131:
126:
117:
114:
106:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
42:
41:
36:This article
34:
30:
25:
24:
21:
16:
1501:Papier-mâché
1496:Paper towels
1415:Soda pulping
1332:Wet strength
1247:
1133:Photographic
1006:Cotton (rag)
979:Construction
729:(in Chinese)
709:December 17,
707:. Retrieved
702:
682:
672:
665:
633:
630:
611:
609:
600:
587:shear stress
574:
570:
566:
564:
555:Song dynasty
539:Tang dynasty
532:
528:
526:
500:
496:
492:
491:
470:Romanization
289:Southern Min
255:Romanization
235:Romanization
214:Hanyu Pinyin
156:Chinese name
148:Lantingji Xu
109:
103:October 2011
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
62:"Xuan paper"
57:
45:Please help
40:verification
37:
20:
15:
1531:Paper money
1491:Lined paper
1410:Papermaking
1343:and process
1341:Manufacture
1317:Paper sizes
1046:Greaseproof
1031:Genkō yōshi
884:Dard Hunter
816:Originators
784:Papermaking
543:Jing County
497:Shuen paper
367:Korean name
342:giấy Tuyên
1579:Categories
1468:Paper mill
1395:Organosolv
1274:Fiber crop
1264:China clay
1223:Waterproof
1123:Paperboard
1001:Correction
994:Carbonless
842:Developers
657:References
646:Rice paper
575:Banshuxuan
501:rice paper
493:Xuan paper
260:'xyon1 zi3
144:Wang Xizhi
128:Xuan paper
73:newspapers
1521:Notebooks
1506:Cardboard
1289:Wood pulp
1257:Materials
1233:Wood-free
1208:Wallpaper
1203:Tree-free
1143:Red rosin
1128:Parchment
1113:Onionskin
1108:Newsprint
969:Cartridge
964:Cardstock
959:Cardboard
909:Acid-free
581:based on
567:Shengxuan
319:suan-tsuá
305:soan-chóa
281:syun1 zi2
1554:Category
1511:Clothing
1429:Industry
1365:Deinking
1355:Calender
1312:Grammage
1198:Transfer
1163:Security
1036:Glassine
939:Blotting
914:Air-laid
872:Scholars
651:Dó paper
640:See also
626:mulberry
597:Features
517:painting
275:Jyutping
1564:Commons
1516:Tissues
1307:Density
1284:Papyrus
1243:Writing
1193:Tracing
1183:Thermal
1158:Scritta
1153:Rolling
1118:Origami
1081:Butcher
1016:Display
984:Contact
949:Bristol
924:Asphalt
829:Damjing
823:Cai Lun
794:History
571:Shuxuan
352:Hán-Nôm
296:Hokkien
241:1xi-tsr
220:xuānzhǐ
87:scholar
1446:Europe
1441:Canada
1188:Tissue
1098:Manila
1071:Korean
1066:Ingres
1061:Inkjet
974:Coated
954:Carbon
929:Banana
705:. 2019
622:Bamboo
591:Gongbi
579:sizing
573:, and
523:Origin
476:senshi
416:seonji
373:Hangul
313:Tâi-lô
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
1456:Japan
1451:India
1218:Wasli
1213:Washi
1173:Stone
1103:Mummy
1093:Lokta
1076:Kraft
1056:India
1041:Graph
1011:Crêpe
934:Bible
919:Amate
902:Types
769:Paper
677:(PDF)
509:China
505:paper
499:, or
433:Kanji
387:Hanja
94:JSTOR
80:books
1600:Hemp
1484:Uses
1473:List
1248:Xuan
1238:Wove
1168:Seed
1148:Rice
1088:Laid
1051:Hemp
989:Copy
944:Bond
711:2019
624:and
618:Rice
551:hemp
531:and
515:and
447:Kana
66:news
1228:Wax
1178:Tar
541:in
453:せんし
360:絏宣紙
358:絏宣
299:POJ
249:Gan
146:'s
49:by
1581::
1021:Dó
782:/
701:.
690:^
569:,
519:.
495:,
439:宣紙
393:宣紙
379:선지
228:Wu
182:宣纸
168:宣紙
761:e
754:t
747:v
713:.
116:)
110:(
105:)
101:(
91:·
84:·
77:·
70:·
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
