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265:
As exhibited in the synonyms yamato kotoba/wago, there are often many synonyms from different origins, usually with differences in usage. Very roughly, kango are generally more formal, often restricted to writing, while yamato kotoba are more casual and more often used in speech, but both types of
262:) in English – while borrowed words are used for many technical terms (particularly kango, as with Latin and Greek in English), or for modern or stylish purposes (mostly gairaigo, as with French in English), much of the core vocabulary and commonly used everyday words are of native origin.
524:, with the meanings of the kanji used corresponding to the meaning of the word. However, the word may be written in hiragana, particularly if the kanji are uncommon. Further, some yamato kotoba are written using unrelated kanji (used only for their sound value), which is known as
425:
For most purposes, Japanese uses
Chinese numbers, rather than native numbers. However, native numbers are often used for counting numbers of items up to 10 – as in hitotsu, futatsu, mittsu (one item, two items, three items), notably days on the calendar, and with other
299:
Yamato kotoba are generally polysyllabic (often three or more syllables), and more closely follow the CV (consonant-vowel, CVCVCV) pattern of Old
Japanese. By contrast, kango are often one or two syllables, and more often have terminal consonants,
516:. Grammatical words are written using hiragana (there is often a traditional kanji, which is today rarely used), as are the inflectional ends of verbs and adjectives, which are known as
411:), which are formed from native verbs, not borrowings. However, in nouns, native Japanese roots and Chinese borrowings (and in some cases more modern European borrowings) can combine.
312:
Yamato kotoba function differently grammatically than borrowed words. While borrowed words can be nouns, which can function as verbs via adding the auxiliary verb
535:
Katakana is generally not used for yamato kotoba, but can be used for emphasis (especially for mimetic words), and for legibility when spelling out a word.
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Yamato kotoba form a fundamental part of the
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Japanese adjectives and grammatical words (notably particles) are also Yamato kotoba.
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The word "yamato kotoba" itself is composed of native
Japanese words, and hence is an
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The
Languages of Japan (Section 7.2 "Loan words", p.142)
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words are commonly used in both speech and writing.
29:"Yamato kotoba" redirects here. For the poetry, see
70:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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130:Learn how and when to remove this message
434:). These exceptions include 20 years old
367:(with rare exceptions, such as the verb
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373:, from the French word "sabotage," or
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575:, Cambridge University Press, 1990.
399:(machi-awaseru, to rendezvous, from
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279:(yama-shita, mountain-bottom),
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430:– and for various exceptions (
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33:. For the German company, see
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1756:Kanji pronunciation sources
1530:Katakana Phonetic Extensions
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208:Japanese sound symbolism
1596:Godan and ichidan verbs
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357:-verbs) or adjectives (
230:[jamatokoꜜtoba]
161:Japanese pronunciation:
568:Shibatani, Masayoshi.
428:Japanese counter words
35:WAGO GmbH & Co. KG
1701:Court lady language (
1171:Southern Amami Ōshima
1104:Yilan Creole Japanese
327:or attributively via
142:Native Japanese words
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64:improve this article
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304:, and long vowels.
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31:Waka (poetry)
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18:Yamato kotoba
1818:In Esperanto
1788:Romanization
1742:Pitch accent
1724:Dictionaries
1711:
1703:nyōbō kotoba
1702:
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1655:Loan words (
1642:
1626:Topic marker
1540:ARIB STD B24
1286:by frequency
1166:Amami Ōshima
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1798:Nihon-shiki
1681:Wasei-kango
1616:Possessives
1576:Grammar and
1409:Modern kana
1394:Punctuation
1375:Orthography
1196:Tokunoshima
808:Gifu-Aichi
778:Tōkai–Tōsan
645:Late Middle
260:Old English
170:are native
1842:Literature
1712:yakuwarigo
1696:Honorifics
1676:Wasei-eigo
1664:from Dutch
1611:Adjectives
1578:vocabulary
1356:Hentaigana
1351:Man'yōgana
1191:Okinoerabu
895:Okuyoshino
556:References
393:, such as
325:, (to) do)
90:newspapers
1734:Phonology
1621:Particles
1560:Half/Full
1490:Shift JIS
1419:Yotsugana
1399:Kanazukai
1341:Okurigana
1253:Logograms
865:Shiramine
710:Southern
690:Northern
530:jukujikun
518:okurigana
295:Phonology
1894:Category
1657:gairaigo
1636:Numerals
1606:Pronouns
1545:Enclosed
1525:Katakana
1500:Hiragana
1496:Unicode
1451:ISO/IEC
1433:Encoding
1336:Furigana
1331:Katakana
1326:Hiragana
1228:Yonaguni
1208:Southern
1186:Okinawan
1181:Kunigami
1161:Northern
1153:Ryukyuan
1094:Kyowa-go
1025:Tsushima
1015:Nagasaki
1010:Kumamoto
998:Chikuzen
862:Kanazawa
852:Hokuriku
787:Shizuoka
754:Eastern
743:Kanagawa
734:Western
679:Hokkaidō
660:Dialects
545:Gairaigo
539:See also
522:kun'yomi
514:hiragana
194:gairaigo
176:Japanese
172:Japanese
1860:Writers
1793:Hepburn
1747:Rendaku
1686:Engrish
1382:Braille
1303:Ryakuji
1223:Yaeyama
1141:grammar
1136:Hachijō
1033:Satsugū
992:Hichiku
978:Hōnichi
932:San'yō
927:Chūgoku
903:Shikoku
842:Western
802:Nagaoka
798:Echigo
763:Tochigi
758:Ibaraki
719:Nairiku
699:Tsugaru
670:Eastern
504:Writing
495:ōmisoka
463:hatsuka
445:hatachi
432:fossils
415:Numbers
104:scholar
1855:Poetry
1803:Kunrei
1765:Kan-on
1536:Other
1445:EUC-JP
1361:Sōgana
1346:Gojūon
1298:Kokuji
1266:Kanbun
1218:Tarama
1213:Miyako
1003:Hakata
968:Kyūshū
956:Umpaku
919:Sanuki
885:Banshū
874:Kansai
817:Mikawa
812:Nagoya
792:Narada
685:Tōhoku
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396:待ち合わせる
381:google
192:) and
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1877:texts
1850:Books
1770:Tō-on
1760:Go-on
1387:Kanji
1308:Ateji
1271:Kanji
1201:Yoron
1176:Kikai
1044:Other
946:Inshū
936:Bingo
890:Kishū
880:Awaji
748:Tokyo
738:Gunma
729:Kantō
714:Kesen
704:Akita
694:Nanbu
526:ateji
510:kanji
479:yaoya
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184:kango
111:JSTOR
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1461:JIS
1455:2022
1318:Kana
1020:Saga
984:Ōita
914:Tosa
858:Kaga
827:Hida
822:Mino
577:ISBN
512:and
408:合わせる
383:").
302:yōon
244:wago
224:大和言葉
148:Wago
83:news
1808:JSL
1550:EIS
1440:EUC
909:Iyo
635:Old
489:大晦日
473:八百屋
457:二十日
439:二十歳
376:ググる
370:サボる
343:-no
336:or
334:-na
322:〜する
269:In
199:外来語
66:by
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476:,
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339:〜の
330:〜な
288:小林
282:大岡
276:山下
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