56:
284:
938:
952:
1204:
with aspirations for power by the
Berbers. It took advantage of the weakness of Saadi power and the fragmentation of the country to extend its influence and control over several towns and regions in the north and center of Morocco. From 1637 onwards, the brotherhood started with the conquest of large
1259:
Saadi
Makhzen. A Jewish chronicle of the time refers to Mohammed al-Hajj as the "sodomite of the zawiya" and recounts that in 1646 synagogues were ordered to close and were subsequently desecrated, damaged, or destroyed. The city was not receptive to the Dila either, and for a brief period in 1651
1114:, a second zawiya was founded at present-day Ait Ishaq to serve as an expanded headquarters for the organization. This new site, which had its own walls, mosques, and palaces, announced the zawiya's rising power and its growing political rivalry with the Saadi State.
1109:
declined and descended into disorder, the Dila'iyya Zawiya grew in both wealth and political prominence, providing refuge to students leaving the traditional urban centres and accumulating its own rich library. In 1638, under the leadership of Abu Bakr's grandson
1225:, and assassinated on 30 April 1641. This was followed by the occupation of the rest of the important towns of northern Morocco including TĂ©touan. In Fez, the Saadi family was expelled and Mohammed al-Hajj was proclaimed
1237:
The Zawiya of Dila reached its peak in the middle of the 17th century, after having ordered the assassination of al-Ayashi in 1641, expanding its influence on the cities of Fez, TĂ©touan and
1200:
The Zawiya of Dila' then appeared, under the impetus of
Mohammed al-Hajj, since its foundation, as a movement combining spirituality and politics, mixing the ideology of holiness and
55:
1316:, while the rest of the Dilaiya notables took refuge in Fez. The Alawites spared the lives of his erstwhile hosts but assured the complete destruction of their political base.
1306:
to impose direct order in 1663 and retreated to the highland capital. The Dila'ites ruled over central and northern
Morocco until 1668, when Dila' itself was annexed by the
1268:
Sultans, to take control of the city. But the Dila'iya chief could still bring the town to submission by force. Muhammad Al Hajj placed a son, Abdullah, as governor of
232:
207:
2029:
1249:, head of the zawiya, thus governed Fez since 1641 This time was particularly difficult for the Jewish community of Fez, who through institutions such as
2024:
1874:
Akutse
Mojuetan, Benson (1995). "The sa'adian state of Ahmad al-Mansur and the aftermath". In Lit International / International African Institute (ed.).
1147:
870:
456:
1953:
1899:
1841:
1718:
1515:
1343:, led his troops and overcame the highland forces. The Dilaite contender remained in the region until 1680, when he disappeared mysteriously.
984:
914:
1331:
which were in alliance with the Sultan. Three successive government expeditions were defeated by the reconstituted Dila coalition, until
1246:
1111:
132:
338:
799:
795:
1856:
1090:). Under the leadership of Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr, the brotherhood was able to establish itself in the Berber territory of the
1929:
1619:
1553:
1391:
748:
1574:
Pellat, Ch. (1960â2007). "al-DilÄ'". In
Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.).
589:
763:
614:
743:
1883:
1825:
1800:
1773:
1743:
1702:
1646:
1583:
1480:
1302:
Al-Doraidi and a series of rebellions and counter-rebellions. Mohammed al-Hajj declined the appeal of the leaders of
1607:
1763:
977:
660:
1472:
Agadir et le sud marocain: à la recherche du temps passé, des origines au tremblement de terre du 29 février 1960
1057:
referred to as Dila'. The first zawiya was founded by Abu Bakr ibn
Muhammad al-Majjati al-Sanhaji (1537â1612), a
833:
707:
899:
702:
405:
17:
60:
State of fragmentation of
Morocco after the assassination of the last Saadian sultan (Zawia of Dila in yellow)
609:
390:
680:
283:
2004:
1288:
In 1660 Salé rose against the Dila'iya governor and was lost the following year. The Zawiya of Dila lost
970:
909:
904:
263:
1241:
and on the
Republic of Salé, as well as on the plains of the north-west and the corridor of Taza to the
2009:
919:
736:
714:
665:
1312:
Alawites, after their initial conquest of Fez. The immediate family of
Mohammed al-Hajj was exiled to
1277:
885:
508:
113:
69:
293:
1152:
826:
809:
633:
1064:
of the Mjjat tribe, a branch of the Ait Idrassen confederation. He was a follower of the famous
471:
1663:
1636:
569:
1790:
1693:
Jlok, Mustapha (2003). "The holiness and worship of saints". In Maisonneuve and Larose (ed.).
1470:
1319:
In 1677, Ahmad ibn Abdullah, a grandson of Mohammed al-Hajj, returned with the support of the
1733:
638:
1548:. Internet Archive. Ann Arbor, Mich. : Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan.
1433:
1054:
370:
1087:
8:
1352:
1261:
804:
643:
621:
604:
375:
1969:
FĂšs avant le protectorat: Ă©tude Ă©conomique et sociale d'une ville de l'occident musulman
1269:
1172:
574:
1947:
1893:
1835:
1712:
1509:
1397:
1069:
838:
272:
1543:
1935:
1925:
1879:
1821:
1796:
1769:
1739:
1698:
1642:
1615:
1579:
1549:
1476:
1451:
1446:
1401:
1387:
1332:
1193:
628:
528:
523:
476:
410:
225:
169:
1545:
The Ait Ayash of the high Moulouya plain : rural social organization in Morocco
1293:
2019:
2014:
1675:
1441:
1379:
1265:
1251:
1010:
880:
875:
863:
731:
540:
424:
353:
92:
1982:
1320:
1127:
1123:
1099:
1002:
843:
788:
550:
533:
441:
323:
212:
1273:
1242:
1218:
1165:
956:
942:
816:
318:
1939:
1998:
1455:
1238:
695:
648:
545:
429:
417:
1876:
History and Underdevelopment in Morocco: the Structural Roots of Conjuncture
1679:
1919:
1373:
1289:
1210:
1091:
1076:
order. This first zawiya was established towards 1566 and located near the
1033:
358:
1383:
1303:
821:
146:
102:
1143:
1122:
Following the period of anarchy which followed the death of the Sultan
1095:
483:
436:
365:
306:
1921:
Jewish Morocco : a history from pre-Islamic to postcolonial times
1182:
1336:
1256:
1201:
1083:
719:
301:
1340:
1189:
1073:
783:
778:
655:
493:
1098:
mountain ranges. The zawiya was initially supported by the ruling
1324:
1313:
1308:
1176:
1131:
1106:
1061:
1058:
1037:
724:
488:
311:
250:
1214:
1226:
1222:
1206:
1065:
1029:
109:
88:
40:
1328:
1298:
1161:
1139:
1078:
1971:. Casablanca: SociĂ©tĂ© Marocaine de Librairie et d'Ădition.
1160:
the plains of the northwest, from the Atlantic coast to
1984:
Publications de l'Institut des hautes Ă©tudes marocaines
1792:
Histoire de l'Afrique du Nord: Des origines Ă nos jours
1205:
parts of northern Morocco. By 1641, they had conquered
1504:] (in Arabic) (2nd ed.). Rabat. p. 28.
1157:
by Abu al-Hassan Ali ben Mohammed al-Susi Essemlali;
1102:, who were themselves partisans of the Jazuliyya.
1960:
1996:
1668:Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée
1134:escaped the control of the central Saadi State:
1873:
1861:Review of the Muslim West and the Mediterranean
1272:. Following the death of the last Saadi sultan
1795:(in French). Editions du Rocher. p. 272.
1765:A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period
1614:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 157â158.
1335:himself, occupied at the time with revolts in
2030:States and territories disestablished in 1668
1082:of M'ammar, about 10 kilometres southeast of
978:
1818:Los Moriscos antes y después de la expulsión
1966:
1573:
1185:, city-state governed by the Naqsis family;
1126:in 1603 and the accession to the throne by
2025:States and territories established in 1637
1987:(in French). E. Leroux. 1949. p. 285.
1952:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1898:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1840:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1717:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1641:(in French). SERRE EDITEUR. p. 1000.
1514:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1072:, who founded the Jazuliyya branch of the
985:
971:
54:
1917:
1815:
1761:
1731:
1541:
1445:
1371:
1276:in 1659, Mohammed al-Hajj was proclaimed
1175:, erected as an independent state by the
1605:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1854:
1848:
1816:de Epalza, Mikel (1992). Mapfre (ed.).
1661:
1634:
1468:
1323:and rallied the Idrassen and the other
14:
1997:
1757:
1755:
1576:Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition
1569:
1567:
1565:
1475:(in French). Courcelles. p. 271.
1431:
1878:. MĂŒnster / Londres. pp. 64â76.
1788:
1606:Boum, Aomar; Park, Thomas K. (2016).
1495:
749:Revolution of the King and the People
1906:
1692:
1686:
1638:Pistes du Maroc Ă travers l'histoire
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1867:
1820:(in Spanish). Madrid. p. 106.
1752:
1562:
1006:
24:
25:
2041:
1863:. No. 15â16. pp. 43â60.
1592:
1522:
1408:
343:(8th century BC â 7th century AD)
1738:(in French). Eddif. p. 52.
1612:Historical Dictionary of Morocco
1447:10.4000/encyclopedieberbere.2260
1117:
950:
936:
661:Bombardment of Casablanca (1907)
282:
230:
205:
1975:
1809:
1782:
1725:
1262:Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Sharif
1217:; from where a rival marabout,
1789:Lugan, Bernard (2 June 2016).
1768:. Cambridge University Press.
1655:
1628:
1489:
1469:Dartois, Marie-France (2008).
1462:
1365:
1255:, had important ties with the
744:Opposition to European control
13:
1:
1440:(in French) (15): 2340â2345.
1358:
1164:, controlled by the marabout
610:Anglo-Moroccan Treaty of 1856
1762:Abun-Nasr, Jamil M. (1987).
1130:in 1613, several regions of
1032:brotherhood, centred in the
7:
1967:Le Tourneau, Roger (1949).
1697:. Paris. pp. 357â374.
1346:
1192:, under the control of the
1146:, under the control of the
796:Coup d'Ă©tat attempt in 1971
594:(beginning 19th century AD)
513:(beginning 11th century AD)
339:Classical to Late Antiquity
27:Sufi brotherhood in Morocco
10:
2046:
1695:Moroccan cultural heritage
1327:against the tribes of the
1283:
1260:they rebelled and invited
1053:There were originally two
1048:
1043:
1014:
737:Tangier International Zone
666:French conquest of Morocco
1918:Gottreich, Emily (2020).
1732:Coindreau, Roger (2006).
1635:Gandini, Jacques (2006).
1372:Gottreich, Emily (2020).
1321:Turkish regime in Algeria
1232:
457:Territorial fragmentation
246:
184:
180:
166:
156:
152:
142:
138:
126:
122:
108:
98:
84:
76:
70:Ruling dynasty of Morocco
65:
53:
48:
34:
1855:Harakat, Brahim (1973).
1662:Harakat, Brahim (1973).
1542:Chiapuris, John (1979).
558:other political entities
1680:10.3406/remmm.1973.1226
827:Western Sahara conflict
1498:Al-Zawiya al-Dila'iyya
1292:in 1662 following the
1221:, was expelled to the
1105:As the Saadi State in
570:Principality of Debdou
461:(10thâ11th century AD)
1857:"Le Makhzen sa'adien"
1735:Les corsaires de Salé
1664:"Le makhzen sa'adien"
1384:10.5040/9781838603601
1017:), also known as the
437:Barghwata confederacy
395:(8thâ10th century AD)
85:Common languages
1438:Encyclopédie berbÚre
708:Spanish protectorate
615:Hispano-Moroccan War
472:Caliphate of CĂłrdoba
430:Emirate of Sijilmasa
371:Mauretania Tingitana
1432:Peyron, M. (1995).
1353:Balthazar of Loyola
1264:, one of the early
805:Moulay Bouazza plot
703:French protectorate
644:Treaty of Algeciras
605:Franco-Moroccan War
376:Exarchate of Africa
2005:Sufi organizations
1608:"Dila', Zawiya of"
1502:The Zaouia of Dila
1496:Hajji, M. (1988).
1070:Muhammad al-Jazuli
1026:Dila'iya Sultanate
957:History portal
943:Morocco portal
839:Hirak Rif Movement
834:2011â2012 protests
39:ۧÙŰČۧÙÙŰ© ۧÙŰŻÙۧۊÙŰ© (
2010:Sufism in Morocco
1931:978-1-83860-361-8
1621:978-1-4422-6297-3
1555:978-0-932206-83-1
1393:978-1-78076-849-6
1333:Ismail ibn Sherif
1278:Sultan of Morocco
1088:Khenifra Province
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994:
629:Treaty of Wad Ras
560:
477:Fatimid Caliphate
411:Umayyad Caliphate
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241:
238:
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218:
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158:âą Rebellion
128:âą 1637â1668
16:(Redirected from
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1369:
1252:Tujjar as-Sultan
1247:Mohammed al-Hajj
1213:and the port of
1173:Republic of Salé
1156:
1148:Zaouia of Illigh
1112:Mohammed al-Hajj
1016:
1011:Berber languages
1008:
1007:ۧÙŰČۧÙÙŰ© ۧÙŰŻÙۧۊÙŰ©
987:
980:
973:
955:
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953:
941:
940:
939:
893:History by topic
770:
769:
732:Tangier Protocol
687:
686:
634:Treaty of Madrid
596:
595:
575:Republic of Salé
557:
515:
514:
463:
462:
425:Emirate of Nekor
397:
396:
345:
344:
286:
276:
258:
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234:
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209:
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133:Mohammed al-Hajj
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21:
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1378:. I.B. Tauris.
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1124:Ahmad al-Mansur
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999:Zawiya Dila'iya
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920:Imperial cities
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844:Abraham Accords
789:Moroccanization
773:
772:
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766:
765:
755:
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715:French Conquest
690:
689:
684:
683:
682:
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581:
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579:
565:Zawiya Dila'iya
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442:Idrisid dynasty
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213:Saadi Sultanate
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173:
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91:
61:
44:
37:
36:Zawiya Dila'iya
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2043:
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2032:
2027:
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1930:
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1781:
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1703:
1685:
1654:
1647:
1627:
1620:
1591:
1584:
1561:
1554:
1521:
1488:
1481:
1461:
1407:
1392:
1375:Jewish Morocco
1363:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1285:
1282:
1274:Ahmad al-Abbas
1234:
1231:
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1197:
1186:
1180:
1169:
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857:Related topics
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830:
829:
824:
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817:Madrid Accords
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786:
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768:(1956âpresent)
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622:Protégé system
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74:
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67:
63:
62:
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51:
50:
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45:
38:
35:
26:
18:Zaouia of Dila
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2031:
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2023:
2021:
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2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2000:
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1985:
1978:
1970:
1963:
1955:
1949:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1914:
1912:
1910:
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1895:
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1885:3-89473-697-6
1881:
1877:
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1827:84-7100-249-3
1823:
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1802:9782268085340
1798:
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1239:Ksar el-Kebir
1230:
1228:
1224:
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1216:
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1195:
1191:
1187:
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1159:
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1149:
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1136:
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1129:
1125:
1118:Rise to power
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1108:
1103:
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1100:Saadi dynasty
1097:
1093:
1089:
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1075:
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1056:
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854:
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845:
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840:
837:
835:
832:
831:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
814:
811:
810:Years of lead
808:
806:
803:
801:
797:
794:
793:
790:
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785:
782:
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771:
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723:
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694:
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688:
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675:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
653:
650:
649:Agadir Crisis
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
626:
623:
620:
619:
616:
613:
611:
608:
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603:
602:
597:
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452:
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443:
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435:
434:
431:
428:
426:
423:
422:
419:
418:Berber Revolt
416:
415:
412:
409:
407:
404:
403:
398:
391:Early Islamic
386:
385:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
363:
360:
357:
355:
352:
351:
346:
334:
333:
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310:
308:
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247:Today part of
245:
229:
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204:
203:
200:
199:
196:
193:
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175:
171:
165:
161:
155:
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148:
145:
141:
137:
134:
131:
125:
121:
117:
115:
111:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
68:
64:
57:
52:
47:
42:
33:
30:
19:
1983:
1977:
1968:
1962:
1920:
1875:
1869:
1860:
1850:
1817:
1811:
1791:
1784:
1764:
1734:
1727:
1694:
1688:
1674:(1): 43â60.
1671:
1667:
1657:
1637:
1630:
1611:
1575:
1544:
1501:
1497:
1491:
1471:
1464:
1437:
1374:
1367:
1318:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1250:
1236:
1223:Khlout tribe
1199:
1128:Moulay Zidan
1121:
1104:
1092:Middle Atlas
1086:(in today's
1077:
1052:
1034:Middle Atlas
1025:
1021:
1018:
998:
996:
948:
934:
892:
798: /
681:Protectorate
564:
556:
354:Carthaginian
195:Succeeded by
194:
189:
29:
1151: [
1074:Shadhiliyya
822:Green March
273:History of
190:Preceded by
172:annexation
147:Middle Ages
103:Sunni Islam
72:(1659â1663)
1999:Categories
1940:1139892409
1924:. London.
1359:References
1144:Draa River
1096:High Atlas
1015:Ait Idilla
524:Almoravids
366:Mauretania
307:Mousterian
294:Prehistory
1948:cite book
1894:cite book
1836:cite book
1713:cite book
1578:. Brill.
1510:cite book
1456:1015-7344
1402:213996367
1337:Marrakesh
1219:al-Ayashi
1202:sharifism
1166:al-Ayashi
1084:Ait Ishaq
1036:range of
720:Zaian War
685:(1912â56)
541:Wattasids
494:Maghrawas
302:Acheulean
99:Religion
49:1637â1668
1347:See also
1341:Tafilalt
1339:and the
1280:in Fez.
1243:Moulouya
1194:Alawites
1190:Tafilalt
1177:Moriscos
1142:, until
1028:, was a
1024:and the
910:Military
905:Economic
784:Sand War
779:Ifni War
656:Hafidiya
534:Marinids
529:Almohads
489:Miknasas
484:Ifranids
264:a series
262:Part of
170:'Alawite
112:, later
2020:Zawiyas
2015:Sanhaja
1434:"Dila'"
1325:Sanhaja
1314:Tlemcen
1309:shurafa
1304:old Fez
1284:Decline
1266:Alawite
1257:Sharifi
1183:TĂ©touan
1132:Morocco
1107:Morocco
1068:mystic
1059:Sanhaja
1055:zawiyas
1049:Origins
1044:History
1038:Morocco
1022:of Dila
800:in 1972
725:Rif War
590:Decline
324:Capsian
312:Aterian
275:Morocco
251:Morocco
168:âą
77:Capital
1938:
1928:
1882:
1824:
1799:
1772:
1742:
1701:
1645:
1618:
1582:
1552:
1479:
1454:
1400:
1390:
1294:putsch
1233:Apogee
1227:Sultan
1207:Meknes
1062:Berber
1019:Zawiya
1003:Arabic
915:Postal
900:Jewish
764:Modern
551:Alawis
546:Saadis
509:Empire
266:on the
118:
114:Sultan
110:Sheikh
93:Berber
89:Arabic
66:Status
41:Arabic
1500:[
1398:S2CID
1329:Tadla
1155:]
886:2010s
881:2000s
876:1990s
871:1980s
866:1970s
359:Roman
1954:link
1936:OCLC
1926:ISBN
1900:link
1880:ISBN
1842:link
1822:ISBN
1797:ISBN
1770:ISBN
1740:ISBN
1719:link
1699:ISBN
1643:ISBN
1616:ISBN
1580:ISBN
1550:ISBN
1516:link
1477:ISBN
1452:ISSN
1388:ISBN
1299:Qaid
1270:Salé
1215:Salé
1188:the
1171:the
1162:Taza
1138:the
1094:and
1079:qsur
1066:Sufi
1030:Sufi
997:The
176:1668
162:1637
80:Dila
1676:doi
1442:doi
1380:doi
1296:of
1290:Fez
1211:Fez
1140:Sus
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1946:{{
1934:.
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1942:.
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1830:.
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1721:)
1707:.
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1651:.
1624:.
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1518:)
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1444::
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1382::
1196:.
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1168:;
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