Knowledge

7125:, p. 109: "The 'defensive ethos' was never the operative ideology of mainstream Zionism. From beginning to end, Zionism was a conquest movement. The subtitle of Shapira's study is 'The Zionist Resort to Force'. Yet, Zionism did not 'resort' to force. Force was – to use Shapira's apt phrase in her conclusion – 'inherent in the situation' (p. 357). Gripped by messianism after the issuance of the Balfour Declaration, the Zionist movement sought to conquer Palestine with a Jewish Legion under the slogan 'In blood and fire shall Judea rise again' (pp. 83–98). When these apocalyptic hopes were dispelled and displaced by the mundane reality of the British Mandate, mainstream Zionism made a virtue of necessity and exalted labor as it proceeded to conquer Palestine 'dunum by dunum, goat by goat'. Force had not been abandoned, however. Shapira falsely counterposes settlement ('by virtue of labor') to force ('by dint of conquest'). Yet, settlement was force by other means. Its purpose, in Shapira's words, was to build a 'Jewish infrastructure in Palestine' so that 'the balance of power between Jews and Arabs had shifted in favor of the former' (pp. 121, 133; cf. p. 211). To the call of a Zionist leader on the morrow of Tel Hai that 'we must be a force in the land', Shapira adds the caveat: 'He was not referring to military might but, rather, to power in the sense of demography and colonization' (p. 113). Yet, Shapira willfully misses the basic point that 'demography and colonization' were equally force. Moreover, without the 'foreign bayonets' of the British Mandate, the Zionist movement could not have established even a toehold, let alone struck deep roots, in Palestine. Toward the end of the 1930s and especially after World War II, a concatenation of events – Britain's waning commitment to the Balfour Declaration, the escalation of Arab resistance, the strengthening of the Yishuv, etc. – caused a consensus to crystallize within the Zionist movement that the time was ripe to return to the original strategy of conquering Palestine 'by blood and fire'." 1436: 8273: 8026:, pp. 592–609 "The work of Jewish race scientists has been the subject of several recent studies (Efron 1994; R. Falk 2006; Hart 2000; Kiefer 1991; Lipphardt 2007; Y. Weiss 2002; see also Doron 1980). As these studies suggest, among Jewish physicians, anthropologists, and other 'men of science' in Central Europe, proponents of the idea that the Jews were a race were found mainly in the ranks of Zionists, as the idea implied a common biological nature of the otherwise geographically, linguistically, and culturally divided Jewish people, and offered scientific 'proof' of the ethno-nationalist myth of common descent (Doron 1980: 404; Y. Weiss 2002: 155). At the same time, many of these proponents agreed that the Jews were suffering a process of 'degeneration, and so their writings advanced the national project as a means of 'regeneration' and 'racial improvement' (R. Falk 2006; Hart 2000: 17)... In the Zionist case, the nation-building project was fused with a cultural project of Westernization. 'Race' was an integral concept in certain versions of nationalist thinking, and in Western identity (Bonnett 2003), albeit in different ways. In the discourse of Zionist men of science, 'race' served different purposes, according to the context in question. In some contexts 'race' was mainly used to establish Jewish unity, while in others it was used to establish diversity and hierarchy among Jews. The latter use was more common in texts which appeared in Palestine. It resulted from the encounter of European Zionists with Eastern Jews, and from the tension between the projects of nation-building and of Westernization in the context of Zionist settlement in the East." 5308:"Unsatisfactory and simplistic as Pinsker’s quasi-medical diagnosis may be, it does try to address itself to the exceptional conditions of Jewish existence. If Jews are a nation and they continue to exist as a nation despite the lack of the effective attributes of national life, this is an obvious anomaly, and an explanation has to be found. Krochmal and Graetz tried to explain this deviation from the norms of universal historical development by rearranging the conventional norms of universal history itself. Pinsker lacks this philosophical dimension of history, and he therefore limits himself to stating what he conceives as an anomaly and attempting to suggest a clinical diagnosis for it. Pinsker’s diagnosis may appear irrelevant, but his cure is radical. If the nations of the world see the Jew as a soul without a body, a shadowless Ahasver, an eternal Wandering Jew, lacking real, corporeal existence, the cure surely has to be radical. If the Jews are hated because they have no homeland, normalization will become possible only if they acquire one. Were this to happen, then the nations of the world would view the Jews as normal human beings and would consequently lose their inordinate fear of them. No concrete, real attribute of the Jews causes Judeophobia; it is the abnormality of the Jews being somewhere between a national existence and a lack of a real foundation for that existence. For the Jews to appear like any other people they need a homeland, Pinsker argues: then everybody will relate to them as normal people and Judeophobia will wither away." 4114: 8375:, p. 18: "What is evident in the work in Israeli population genetics is a desire to identify biological evidence for the presumption of a common Jewish peoplehood whose truth was hard to "see," especially in the face of the arrival of oriental Jews whose presumably visible civilizational and phenotypic differences from the Ashkenazi elite strained the nationalist ideology upon which the state was founded. Testament to the legacy of racial thought in giving form to a Zionist vision of Jewish peoplehood by the mid-twentieth century, Israeli population researchers never doubted that biological facts of a shared origin did indeed exist, even as finding those facts remained forever elusive… Looking at the history of Zionism through the lens of work in the biological sciences brings into focus a story long sidelined in histories of the Jewish state: Jewish thinkers and Zionist activists invested in race science as they forged an understanding of the Jewish people and fought to found the Jewish state. By the mid-twentieth century, a biological self-definition—even if not seamlessly a racial one, at least not as race was imagined at the turn of the twentieth century—had become common-sensical for many Jewish nationalists, and, in significant ways, it framed membership and shaped the contours of national belonging in the Jewish state." 5333:"The Talmud does take up the right of individuals to settle in Israel, but there is a consensus against collective settlement.", "Several rabbinical sources through the centuries have interpreted these oaths to assert that even if all the nations were to encourage the Jews to settle in the Land of Israel, it would still be necessary to abstain from doing so, for fear of committing yet other sins and of being punished by an exile even cruder still." " Traditional Jewish culture discourages political and military activism of any variety, particularly in the Land of Israel... In the traditional view, settlement in the Land of Israel will be brought, about by the universal effect of good deeds rather than by m ilitary force or diplomacy... The Talmud (BT Ketubot, 111a) relates the three oaths sworn on the eve of the dispersal of what remained of the people of Israel to the fourcorners of the earth: not to return en masse and in an organized fashion to the Land of Israel; not to rebel against the nations; and that the nations do not subjugate Israel exceedingly... The idea of return to the Land of Israel achieved by political means is alien to the idea of salvation in Jewish tradition." 8109:, p. 98: "There is a "problem" regarding the origins of the Ashkenazim, which needs resolution: Ashkenazi Jews, who seem European—phenotypically, that is—are the normative center of world Jewry. No less, they are the political and cultural elite of the newly founded Jewish state. Given their central symbolic and political capital in the Jewish state and given simultaneously the scientific and social persistence of racial logics as ways of categorizing and understanding human groups, it was essential to find other evidence that Israel's European Jews were not in truth Europeans. The normative Jew had to have his/her origins in ancient Palestine or else the fundamental tenet of Zionism, the entire edifice of Jewish history and nationalist ideology, would come tumbling down. In short, the Ashkenazi Jew is the Jew—the Jew in relation to whose values and cultural practices the oriental Jew in Israel must assimilate. Simultaneously, however, the Ashkenazi Jew is the most dubious Jew, the Jew whose historical and genealogical roots in ancient Palestine are most difficult to see and perhaps thus to believe—in practice, although clearly not by definition." 7962:: "Zionism is both a struggle for land and a demographic race; in essence, the aspiration for a territory with a Jewish majority...Zionist democratic diversity did not mean that there was no commonground between the major segments of the movement. Initially, Ben-Gurion preferred an 'iron wall of workers', namely settlements and Jewish infrastructure, on Jabotinsky's call for an iron wall of military might and deterrence... he even lashed out against what he defined as Jabotinsky's 'perverted national fanaticism', and against the Revisionists 'worthless prattle of sham heroes, whose lips becloud the moral purity of our national movement. . .' Eventually, however, under the growing chal-lenge of Arab nationalism and especially with the growth in the Yishuv of a collective mood of sacred Jewish nationalism following the Holocaust, the Labour Zionists, chief among them David Ben-Gurion, accepted forall practical purposes Jabotinsky's iron-wall strategy. The Jewish State could only emerge, and force the Arabs to accept it, if it erected around it an impregnable wall of Jewish might and deterrence." 791: 1201: 8363:, p. (c.f. p.218-219 of PhD): "The biobank stands for unmarked global modernity and secular technoscientific progress. It is within the other pole of the Israeli cultural spectrum that one finds right-wingers appropriating genetics as a way of imagining the tribal particularity of Jews, as a way of proving the occupation is legitimate, of authenticating the ethnos as a natural fact, and of defending Zionism as a return. It is across this political spectrum that the natural facts of genetics research discursively migrate and transform into the mythologized ethnonationalism of the bio-nation. However, Israel has also moved towards a market-based society, and as the majority of the biomedical research is moving to private biotech companies, the Israeli biobank is becoming underused and outmoded. The epistemics of Jewish genetics fall short of its mythic circulatory semiotics. This is the ultimate lesson from my ethnographic work in Israel." 1829: 7522: 10914:, p. 247: "On several occasions, resolutions were passed to limit immigration from European and Arab countries alike. However, these limits were never put into practice, mainly due to the opposition of Ben-Gurion. As a driving force in the emergency of the state, Ben-Gurion—both prime minister and minister of defense—carried enormous weight with his veto. His insistence on the right of every Jew to immigrate proved victorious. He would not allow himself to be swayed by financial or other considerations. It was he who orchestrated the large-scale action that enabled the Jews to leave Eastern Europe and Islamic countries, and it was he who effectively forged Israel's foreign policy. Through a series of clandestine activities carried out overseas by the Foreign Office, the Jewish Agency, the Mossad le-Aliyah, and the Joint Distribution Committee, the road was paved for mass immigration." 1358:, is typically translated as The Jewish State. Herzl sought to establish a state where Jews would be the majority and as a result, politically dominant. Ahad Ha’am, the founder of cultural Zionism criticized the lack of Jewish cultural activity and creativity in Herzl's envisioned state which Ha'am referred to as "the state of the Jews." Specifically, Ha'am points to the envisioned European and German culture of the state where Jews were simply the transmitters of imperialist culture rather than producers or creators of culture. Like Pinsker, Herzl saw antisemitism as a reality that could only be addressed by the territorial concentration of Jews in a Jewish state. He wrote in his diary: "I achieved a freer attitude toward anti-Semitism, which I now began to understand historically and to pardon. Above all, I recognized the emptiness and futility of trying to 'combat' anti-Semitism." 8097:, p. 35 (c.f. p.52-53 of PhD): "Here, the ethnic composition of Israel is crucial. Despite the ambiguity in respect of the legal, biological, and social 'nature' of 'Jewish genes' and their intermittent role in the reproduction of Jewish identity, Israel is an ethnically diverse country. Many Jewish immigrants have arrived from Eastern Europe, North Africa, France, India, Latin America, Yemen, Iraq, Ethiopia, the US, Zimbabwe, South Africa, and the ex-Soviet Union, not to mention Israel's indigenous Arab minority of close to 2 million people. And while Jewishness has often been imagined as a biological race – most notably, and to horrific ends, by the Nazis, but also later by Zionists and early Israelis for state-building purposes – the initial origins of the Ashkenazi Jews who began the Zionist movement in turn-of-the-century Europe remain highly debated and enigmatic." 5083:"His Majesty's Government have been faced with an irreconcilable conflict of principles. There are in Palestine about 1,200,000 Arabs and 600,000 Jews. For the Jews the essential point of principle is the creation of a sovereign Jewish State. For the Arabs, the essential point of principle is to resist to the last establishment of Jewish sovereignty in any part of Palestine. The discussions of the last month have quite clearly shown that there is no prospect of resolving this conflict by any settlement negotiated between the parties. But if the conflict has to be resolved by an arbitrary decision, that is not a decision which His Majesty's Government are empowered, as Mandatory, to take. His Majesty's Government have of themselves no power, under the terms of the Mandate, to award the country either to the Arabs or to the Jews, or even to partition it between them." 813:: people of shared ancestry should pursue separation and establish a unified state. Zionist thinkers view the movement as a "revolt against a tradition of many centuries" of living parasitically at the margins of Western society. Indeed, Zionism was uncomfortable with the term "Jewish," associating it with passivity, spirituality and the stain of "galut". Instead, Zionist thinkers preferred the term "Hebrew" to describe their identity which they associated with the healthy and modern sabra. In Zionist thought, the new Jew would be productive and work the land, in contrast to the diaspora Jew who, mirroring the anti-semitic portrayals, was depicted as lazy and parasitic on society. Zionism linked the term "Jewish" with these negative characteristics prevalent in European anti-Semitic stereotypes, which Zionists believed could be remedied only through sovereignty. 10161: 8290:, p. 36 (c.f. p.54 of PhD): "The stakes in the debate over Jewish origins are high, however, since the founding narrative of the Israeli state is based on exilic 'return.' If European Jews have descended from converts, the Zionist project falls prey to the pejorative categorization as 'settler colonialism' pursued under false assumptions, playing into the hands of Israel's critics and fueling the indignation of the displaced and stateless Palestinian people. The politics of 'Jewish genetics' is consequently fierce. But irrespective of philosophical questions of the indexical power or validity of genetic tests for Jewishness, and indeed the historical basis of a Jewish population 'returning' to the Levant, the Realpolitik of Jewishness as a measurable biological category could also impinge on access to basic rights and citizenship within Israel." 1301: 883: 4463: 4293: 6012:, p. 76: "The Nakba represented a watershed in the history of Palestine and the Middle East. It transformed most of Palestine from what it had been for well over a millennium—a majority Arab country—into a new state that had a substantial Jewish majority. This transformation was the result of two processes: the systematic ethnic cleansing of the Arab-inhabited areas of the country seized during the war; and the theft of Palestinian land and property left behind by the refugees as well as much of that owned by those Arabs who remained in Israel. There would have been no other way to achieve a Jewish majority, the explicit aim of political Zionism from its inception. Nor would it have been possible to dominate the country without the seizures of land."; 4431:, who replied to his request of support for a Jewish return to Israel in the same terms, saying that "we are unable to favor this movement. We cannot prevent the Jews from going to Jerusalem, but we could never sanction it ... The Jews have not recognized our Lord, therefore we cannot recognize the Jewish people." In 1922, the same periodical published a piece by its Viennese correspondent, "anti-Semitism is nothing but the absolutely necessary and natural reaction to the Jews' arrogance... Catholic anti-Semitism—while never going beyond the moral law—adopts all necessary means to emancipate the Christian people from the abuse they suffer from their sworn enemy". This initial attitude changed over the next 50 years, until 1997, when at the 10890:, p. 246–247: "Both the immigrants' dependence and the circumstances of their arrival shaped the attitude of the host society. The great wave of immigration in 1948 did not occur spontaneously: it was the result of a clear-cut foreign policy decision that taxed the country financially and necessitated a major organizational effort. Many absorption activists, Jewish Agency executives, and government officials opposed unlimited, nonselective immigration; they favored a gradual process geared to the country's absorptive capacity. Throughout this period, two charges resurfaced at every public debate: one, that the absorption process caused undue hardship; two, that Israel's immigration policy was misguided." 1395: 4847: 5270:"When faced with the apocalyptic dimensions of the Jewish catastrophe, the Holocaust, even Brit-Shalom Ihud moved to endorse first the necessity of demographic parity between Jews and Arabs in Palestine, and then, as ‘a necessary evil’, the idea of a Jewish independent state, that is the partition of Palestine. It was no longer thetime for moral scruples or guilt feelings towards the dispossessed Arab population. This is how a Brit-Shalom Ihud, non-Zionist member of theJewish Agency, Werner Senator, put it: ‘If I weigh the catastrophe of five million Jews against the transfer of one million Arabs, then with a clean and easy conscience I can state that even more drastic acts are permissible.’" 4727: 14016:".. the Zionist movement, which claims to be secular, found it necessary to embrace the idea of 'the promised land' of Old Testament prophecy, to justify the confiscation of land and the expulsion of the Palestinians. For example, the speeches and letter of Chaim Weizman, the secular Zionist leader, are filled with references to the biblical origins of the Jewish claim to Palestine, which he often mixes liberally with more pragmatic and nationalistic claims. By the use of this premise, embraced in 1937, Zionists alleged that the Palestinians were usurpers in the Promised Land, and therefore their expulsion and death was justified. The Jewish-American writer Dan Kurzman, in his book 5345:"To ultra-Orthodox Jews, on the other hand, the idea of Jews returning to their homeland flew in the face of the fate decreed for them. To them such an act ran counter to the three oaths the Jewish people swore to the Almighty: not to storm the wall, not to rush the End, and not to rebel against the nations of the world, while the Almighty adjured the nations of the world not to destroy the Jewish people.4 They saw an attempt to bring about redemption by natural, man-made means as rebelling against divine decrees, as Jews taking their fate into their own hands and not waiting for the coming of the Messiah. Consequently ultra-Orthodox Jews vehemently opposed this perilous heresy" 10902:, p. 47: "But as head of the government, entrusted with choosing the cabinet and steering its activities, Ben-Gurion had tremendous power over the country's social development. His prestige soared to new heights after the founding of the state and the impressive victory of the IDF in the War of Independence. As prime minister and minister of defense in Israel's first administration, as well as the uncontested leader of the country's largest political party, his opinions carried enormous weight. Thus, despite resistance from some of his cabinet members, he remained unflagging in his enthusiasm for unrestricted mass immigration and resolved to put this policy into effect." 4622: 4885: 1929:. This planned to end Jewish immigration by 1944 and to allow no more than 75,000 additional Jewish migrants. At the end of the five-year period in 1944, only 51,000 of the 75,000 immigration certificates provided for had been utilized, and the British offered to allow immigration to continue beyond cutoff date of 1944, at a rate of 1500 per month, until the remaining quota was filled. According to Arieh Kochavi, at the end of the war, the Mandatory Government had 10,938 certificates remaining and gives more details about government policy at the time. The British maintained the policies of the 1939 White Paper until the end of the Mandate. 4877: 2382: 1090: 864: 4843: 10878:, p. 46: "After independence, the government presented the Knesset with a plan to double the Jewish population within four years. This meant bringing in 600,000 immigrants in a four-year period. or 150,000 per year. Absorbing 150,000 newcomers annually under the trying conditions facing the new state was a heavy burden indeed. Opponents in the Jewish Agency and the government of mass immigration argued that there was no justification for organizing large-scale emigration among Jews whose lives were not in danger, particularly when the desire and motivation were not their own." 5252:"The basic assumption regarding the right of Jews to Palestine—a right that required no proof—was a fundamental component of all Zionist programs. In contrast with other prospective areas for Jewish settlement, such as Argentina or East Africa, it was generally believed that no one could deny the right of the Jews to their ancestral land. Even Ahad Ha-Am, the eternal skeptic, commented that this was 'a land to which our historical right is beyond doubt and has no need for farfetched proofs.' Others, such as Lilienblum, did not even think it necessary to dwell on this matter." 2180: 10005: 6068:, p. 588, "But the displacement of Arabs from Palestine or from the areas of Palestine that would become the Jewish State was inherent in Zionist ideology and, in microcosm, in Zionist praxis from the start of the enterprise. The piecemeal eviction of tenant farmers, albeit in relatively small numbers, during the first five decades of Zionist land purchase and settlement naturally stemmed from, and in a sense hinted at, the underlying thrust of the ideology, which was to turn an Arab-populated land into a State with an overwhelming Jewish majority." 8822:, Staging Zionism: "The Zionist movement was created by Jews, but from the start it was dependent on support from the Christian world. Restorationism was therefore a prerequisite for the success of Zionism. It is harder to establish, however, whether Christian ideas influenced the nineteenth-century Jews who championed a return to the Land of Israel. It is difficult indeed to trace any such external influences...it may be that direct influence was scant or nonexistent but that the men were all influenced by the dynamic spirit of the age..." 4833: 6034:, p. 6, "It was obvious to most approaches within the Zionist movement – certainly to the mainstream as represented by Labor Zionism and its leadership headed by Ben Gurion, that a Jewish state would entail getting rid of as many of the Palestinian inhabitants of the land as possible ... Following Wolfe, we argue that the logic of demographic elimination is an inherent component of the Zionist project as a settler-colonial project, although it has taken different manifestations since the founding of the Zionist movement."; 5377:"Berl Katznelson, the labour-movement ideologist, never thought there could be any doubt about it: 'The Zionist enterprise is an enterprise of conquest', he said in 1929. And in the same breath: 'It is not by chance that I use military terms when speaking of settlement.' In 1922 Ben-Gurion had already said the same: 'We are conquerors of the land facing an iron wall, and we have to break through it.'... ut to claim that the arrivals were white settlers driven by a colonialist mind-set does not correspond to historical reality." 2283: 4478:, throughout its history up to present day, Zionism "is replete with manifestations of deep hostility and contempt towards the indigenous population." Shlaim balances this by pointing out that there have always been individuals within the Zionist movement that have criticized such attitudes. He cites the example of Ahad Ha'am, who after visiting Palestine in 1891, published a series of articles criticizing the aggressive behaviour and political ethnocentrism of Zionist settlers. Ha'am reportedly wrote that the 460: 1802: 7926:: "It is a belief that Jews have a moral right and historic need for self- determination within his-toric Palestine... Zionism, in turn, is the belief that Jews constitute a nation that has a right and need to pursue collective self-determination within historic Palestine... Unlike other nationalisms, however, pre-1948 Zionism's claim on territory was aspirational, based in ancient memories and future hopes. Until well into the twentieth century, a negligible number of Jews lived in the Land of Israel." 7696:: "Modern Zionism was a phenomenon of the late nineteenth-century Europe. It had its roots in the failure of Jewish efforts to become assimilated in Western society, in the intensification of antisemitism in Europe, and in the parallel and not unrelated upsurge of nationalism. If nationalism posed a problem to the Jews by identifying them as an alien and unwanted minority, it also suggested a solution: self-determination for the Jews in a state of their own in which they would constitute a majority." 2108: 731:" of the Jewish community as a nation-race, in contrast to centuries-old conceptions of the Jewish people as a religious socio-cultural grouping. The Jewish historians Heinrich Graetz and Simon Dubnow are largely credited with this creation of Zionism as a nationalist project. They drew on religious Jewish sources and non-Jewish texts in reconstructing a national identity and consciousness. This new Jewish historiography divorced from and, at times at odds with, traditional Jewish collective memory. 6303: 3890: 839:, considered one of the most important religious Zionist thinkers, characterized the diaspora as a flawed and alienated existence marked by decline, narrowness, displacement, solitude, and frailty. He believed that the diasporan way of life is diametrically opposed to a "national renaissance," which manifests itself not only in the return to Zion but also in the return to nature and creativity, revival of heroic and aesthetic values, and the resurgence of individual and societal power. 24728: 2645:. In following with policies laid out by Ben-Gurion, the prevalent method among field squads was that if an Arab gang had used a village as a hideout, it was considered acceptable to hold the entire village collectively responsible. The lines delineating what was acceptable and unacceptable while dealing with these villagers were "vague and intentionally blurred". As Shapira suggests, these ambiguous limits practically did not differ from those of the openly terrorist group, Irgun. 4869: 3745: 1322: 18366: 2307: 5119:(2004) "Transfer was inevitable and inbuilt into Zionism – because it sought to transform a land which was 'Arab' into a 'Jewish' state and a Jewish state could not have arisen without a major displacement of Arab popu- lation; and because this aim automatically produced resistance among the Arabs which, in turn, persuaded the Yishuv's leaders that a hostile Arab majority or large minority could not remain in place if a Jewish state was to arise or safely endure." 684:. Accordingly, the early Zionists sought to develop a nationalist Jewish political life in a territory where Jews constitute a demographic majority. The early Zionist thinkers saw the integration of Jews into non-Jewish society as both unrealistic (or insufficient to address the deficiencies associated with the demographic minority status of the Jews in Europe) and undesirable, since assimilation was accompanied by the dilution of Jewish cultural distinctiveness. 25473: 20559: 25461: 6006:, pp. 2 ("the principal objective of the Zionist leadership to keep as few Arabs as possible in the Jewish state"), 4 ("in the 1948 war, when it became clear that the objective that enjoyed the unanimous support of Zionists of all inclinations was to establish a Jewish state with the smallest possible number of Palestinians"), and 33 ("The Zionists had two cherished objectives: fewer Arabs in the country and more land in the hands of the settlers."); 2578: 824:. She describes this as a relationship of contempt towards the previous identity of the Jewish Diaspora viewed as unable to resist antisemitism and the Holocaust. Lentin argues that Zionism's rejection of this "feminised" identity and its obsession with constructing a nation is reflected in the nature of the symbolism of the movement, which are drawn from modern sources and appropriated as Zionist, instancing the fact that the melody of the 2882: 18152: 18140: 25437: 3757: 782: 2331:. For them, the war was a demonstration of the work of the Divine Hand and the "beginning of redemption." The rabbis following in this line of thought immediately began to venerate the land as sacred, making its sanctity a core principle of religious Zionism. Consequently, anyone willing to cede parts of this land was seen as a traitor to the Jewish people. This belief contributed to the religiously motivated assassination of 25449: 20573: 1347:(WZO). The World Zionist Organization was to be the main administrative body of the movement and would go on to establish the Jewish Colonial Trust whose objectives were to encourage European Jewish emigration to Palestine and to assist with the economic development of the colonies. The first Zionist Congress would also adopt the official objective of establishing a legally recognized home for the Jewish people in Palestine. 6724: 4861: 648:. This belief developed out of the experiences of European Jewry which the early Zionists believed demonstrated the danger inherent to their status as a minority. In contrast to the Zionist notion of nationhood, the Judaic sense of being a nation was rooted in religious beliefs of unique chosenness and divine providence, rather than in ethnicity. Daily prayers emphasized distinctiveness from other nations; a connection to 800: 4627: 1415: 758:, considered the "father of Israeli sociology". Birnbaum, who is widely attributed with the first use of the term "Zionism" in reference to a political movement, viewed race as the foundation of nationality, Jabotinsky wrote that Jewish national integrity relies on "racial purity", and that "(t)he feeling of national self-identity is ingrained in the man's 'blood', in his physical-racial type, and only in it." 24635: 25425: 4669:, South Africa, which caused the United States and Israel to walk away from the conference as a response. The final text of the conference did not connect Zionism with racism. A human rights forum arranged in connection with the conference, on the other hand, did equate Zionism with racism and censured Israel for what it called "racist crimes, including acts of genocide and ethnic cleansing". 7392:, pp. 247, 249, 251–252, 350, 365: "It is doubtful whether external differences in framework and patterns of behavior were sufficient to create a different attitude toward fighting or to develop "civilian" barriers to military callousness and insensitivity...if a village had served as a hiding place for an Arab gang, it was permissible to place collective responsibility on the village." 2773: 524: 7684:, pp. 6–7: "It does not matter at all which phraseology we employ in explaining our colonising aims, Herzl's or Sir Herbert Samuel's. Colonisation carries its own explanation, the only possible explanation, unalterable and as clear as daylight to every ordinary Jew and every ordinary Arab... Zionist colonisation must either stop, or else proceed regardless of the native population." 7107:, pp. 6–7: "It does not matter at all which phraseology we employ in explaining our colonising aims, Herzl's or Sir Herbert Samuel's. Colonisation carries its own explanation, the only possible explanation, unalterable and as clear as daylight to every ordinary Jew and every ordinary Arab... Zionist colonisation must either stop, or else proceed regardless of the native population." 2687: 2715:, the main centrist party during the 2000s that split from Likud and is now defunct, however, did identify with many of the fundamental policies of Liberal Zionist ideology, advocating among other things the need for Palestinian statehood in order to form a more democratic society in Israel, affirming the free market, and calling for equal rights for Arab citizens of Israel. In 2013, 47: 14020:... describes the view of one of the Deir Yassin's killers: 'The Sternists followed the instructions of the Bible more rigidly than others. They honored the passage (Exodus 22:2): 'If a thief be found ...' This meant, of course, that killing a thief was not really murder. And were not the enemies of Zionism thieves, who wanted to steal from the Jews what God had granted them?'" 4482:"behave towards the Arabs with hostility and cruelty, trespass unjustly upon their boundaries, beat them shamefully without reason and even brag about it, and nobody stands to check this contemptible and dangerous tendency" and that they believed that "the only language that the Arabs understand is that of force." Some criticisms of Zionism claim that Judaism's notion of the " 6706: 672:, the political differences between the various Zionist groups had shrunk further, with almost all Zionist groups seeking a Jewish state in Palestine. While not every Zionist group openly called for the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine, every group in the Zionist mainstream was wedded to the idea of establishing a Jewish demographic majority there. 13629:"… This identity is often explicitly worded by its spokespersons. Thus, Yakov Malik, the Soviet ambassador to the UN, declared in 1973: "The Zionists have come forward with the theory of the Chosen People, an absurd ideology." (As it is well known, the biblical concept of "Chosen People" is part of Judaism; Zionism has nothing to do with it). " 4205:. The purpose of the visit was to promote meaningful debate about the status of Israel in the eyes of Muslims worldwide and to strengthen the relationship between India and Israel. It is suggested that the visit could "open Muslim minds across the world to understand the democratic nature of the state of Israel, especially in the Middle East". 6040:, p. 38, "From the late nineteenth century and throughout the Mandatory period the demographic and land policies of the Zionist Yishuv in Palestine continued to evolve. But its demographic and land battles with the indigenous inhabitants of Palestine were always a battle for 'maximum land and minimum Arabs' (Masalha 1992, 1997, 2000)."; 5358: 9966: 1435: 4650: 7672:, p. 3: "But once there, the settlers could not avoid noticing the majority native population. It was from them, as two of the first settlers put it, that 'we shall... take away the country... through stratagems, without drawing upon us their hostility before we become the strong and populous ones.'" 7101:, p. 3: "But once there, the settlers could not avoid noticing the majority native population. It was from them, as two of the first settlers put it, that 'we shall... take away the country... through stratagems, without drawing upon us their hostility before we become the strong and populous ones.'" 6238:, or Jewish Enlightenment. This engendered a permanent split in the Jewish world, between those who held to a halachic or religious-centric vision of their identity and those who adopted in part the racial rhetoric of the time and made the Jewish people into a nation. This was helped along by the wave of 660:" was a cornerstone of Zionist policy initiated by Ben-Gurion, Weizmann and continued by their successors. Flapan further writes that the non-recognition of Palestinians remains a basic tenet of Israeli policy. This perspective was also shared by those on the far-left of the Zionist movement, including 10554: 10110: 6444: 5367: 5298: 4868: 4649: 2381: 2356: 2158: 1823: 1252: 1089: 803: 611: 8670: 6534: 6302: 4626: 2706: 2293: 2199: 1390: 1314:, was for Jews to become a "normal" nation and acquire a homeland over which Jews would have sovereignty. Pinsker primarily viewed Jewish emigration a solution for dealing with the "surplus of Jews, the inassimilable residue" from Eastern Europe who had arrived in Germany in response to the pogroms. 1292: 688:, a leading precursor of Zionism, commented on the perceived insufficiency of assimilation: "The German hates the Jewish race more than the religion; he objects less to the Jews' peculiar beliefs than to their peculiar noses." Prominent leaders of the Zionist movement expressed an "understanding" of 667: 284: 14247: 11085: 10160: 7521: 5908: 4860: 4621: 4557: 4419: 4315: 2824: 2385: 2102: 1727: 1300: 1279: 1196: 1009: 799: 790: 561: 8735: 8272: 5357: 5105: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4855: 4846: 4589: 2373: 2194: 2093: 1191: 1093: 808: 212: 15404: 4884: 4824: 4418: 1321: 1309: 1271: 1073: 7300: 4227: 882: 781: 696: 597: 5386: 4832: 4383: 2749: 2306: 1410: 523: 13103: 7253: 4817: 4200: 13056: 2729: 1394: 5128: 4842: 2351: 1361: 11948: 4864: 4772: 4812: 2640: 5711: 5299: 4850: 9892:, p. 150: "Recalling his views when he had written "The Jewish State" eight years earlier, he pointed out that at the time, he had openly been willing to consider building on Baron de Hirsch's beginning and establishing the Jewish state in Argentina. But those days were long gone." 11791:: "Zionist colonisation must either stop, or else proceed regardless of the native population. Which means that it can proceed and develop only under the protection of a power that is independent of the native population – behind an iron wall, which the native population cannot breach." 4610:, he responded "There are circumstances in history that justify ethnic cleansing. I know that this term is completely negative in the discourse of the 21st century, but when the choice is between ethnic cleansing and genocide—the annihilation of your people—I prefer ethnic cleansing." 10548: 2619: 1782: 2386: 4642:, although the two countries would develop a close relationship during the 1970s. Parallels have also been drawn between aspects of South Africa's apartheid regime and certain Israeli policies toward the Palestinians, which are seen as manifestations of racism in Zionist thinking. 4964:. Busbridge writes that while a settler colonial analysis "offers a far more accurate portrayal of the conflict than...has conventionally been painted", Wolfe's zero-sum approach is limited in practical application because almost all Israeli Jews naturally reject it, as a form of 537: 655: 6046:, p. 7, "'the Zionist leadership was always determined to increase the Jewish space ... Both land purchases in and around the villages, and military preparations, were all designed to dispossess the Palestinians from the area of the future Jewish state' (Pappe 2008: 94)."; 5712: 1411: 532: 7254: 2707: 9989: 4773: 5723:'Colonisation can have only one aim, and Palestine Arabs cannot accept this aim. It lies in the very nature of things, and in this particular regard nature cannot be changed.. .Zionist colonisation must either stop, or else proceed regardless of the native population'. 4347: 4776: 4083: 2597: 4177:, rejected the values of the Palestinian Arab national movement and was opposed to the anti-Zionist movement. He met routinely with Zionist officials and had a part in every pro-Zionist Arab organization from the beginning of the British Mandate, publicly rejecting 4439: 2218: 6024:, pp. 47–48, "As Ben-Gurion told one Palestinian leader in the early 1930s, 'Our final goal is the independence of the Jewish people in Palestine, on both sides of the Jordan River, not as a minority, but as a community numbering millions" (Teveth 1985:130). 4095:, an important Haifa trade union leader. His society supported a Palestinian state separate from an Arab state and had acknowledged that Jews also had rights. Due to extremists having suspicions of Taha’s lack of patriotism, he was assassinated in September 1947. 2829: 2602: 5909: 15598:"The first colonists did exploit the cheap native labor, but subsequent generations of immigrants tried to avoid this, for reasons both of morality and expediency, aiming at an exclusive, separate Jewish economy as a basis for an autarchic society and state." ( 2805: 17937: 6018:, p. 78, "As was suggested by Masalha (1992), Morris (1987), and other scholars, many preferred a state without Arabs or with as small a minority as possible, and plans for population transfers were considered by Zionist leaders and activists for years."; 4742:, a tiny Orthodox Haredi sect, is considered the 'the most radical of the Extreme Orthodox groups,' which overall have a membership in Israel of 10,000 to 12,000 individuals. Some of its members have said that Israel is a "racist regime", compared Zionists to 769:" in Zionism, particularly to secular Jews, requires the belief that modern Jews are the primary descendants of biblical Jews and Israelites. This is considered important to the State of Israel, because its founding narrative centers around the concept of an " 5320:'"A Jew brought up among Germans may assume German customs, German words. He may be wholly imbued with that German fluid but the nucleus of his spiritual structure will always remain Jewish, because his blood, his body, his physical-facial type are Jewish." ( 4825: 4719:. Although this group of ultra-observant Jews do not support or identify with Zionism as a movement or ideology, in a poll taken in February 2024, 83% said they have a "very strong emotional connection" to Israel, only a small percentage less than the 87% of 2369:. Zionists wanted to create a Jewish state in Palestine with as much land, as many Jews, and as few Palestinian Arabs as possible. In response to Ben-Gurion's 1938 quote that "politically we are the aggressors and they defend themselves", Israeli historian 10233: 4518: 256:, is a movement made up of diverse political groups whose strategies and tactics have changed over time. The common ideology among mainstream Zionist factions is support for territorial concentration and a Jewish demographic majority in Palestine, through 7938:: "Zionism had always looked to the day when a Jewish majority would enable the movement to gain control over the country: The Zionist leadership had never posited Jewish statehood with a minority of Jews ruling over a majority of Arabs, apartheid style." 4881: 5626: 1288:, Jews had moved from the margins to the forefront of European society. In the urban centers of Europe and America, Jews played a influential role in professional and intellectual life, considered in proportion to their numbers. During this period as 5096:, p. 28): "In the 1930s and 1940s the Zionist leadership found it expedient to euphemise, using the term 'transfer' or ha'avarah — the Hebrew euphemism for ethnic cleansing — one of the most enduring themes of Zionist colonisation of Palestine." 2374: 5261:"In fact Buber also shared the common European Orientalist perspective, by which the local Arabs did not really have a national concern and may be appeased by the cultural and economic benefits that will accrue from Jewish immigration to Palestine." 1372: 10111: 1330: 612: 7974:: "Within the Zionist ideological consensus there coexisted three relatively distinct tendencies – political Zionism, labor Zionism and cultural Zionism. Each was wedded to the demand for a Jewish majority, but not for entirely the same reasons." 528: 2631: 1000: 570:. The proportion of the world's Jews living in Israel has steadily grown since the movement emerged. A Zionist consensus then became known as an ideological umbrella typically attributed to two main factors: a shared tragic history (such as the 5288: 4873: 4683: 4427:. According to Herzl's private diary notes, the Cardinal's interpretation of the history of Israel was the same as that of the Catholic Church, but he also asked for the conversion of the Jews to Catholicism. Three days later, Herzl met Pope 3904:, a history professor emerita at Tel Aviv University, suggests that evangelical Christian restorationists of the 1840s "passed this notion on to Jewish circles". Evangelical Christian anticipation of and political lobbying within the UK for 13471: 14844: 10866:, p. 262 #2:"In meetings with foreign officials at the end of 1944 and during 1945, Ben-Gurion cited the plan to enable one million refugees to enter Palestine immediately as the primary goal and top priority of the Zionist movement. 9413: 4422: 1852: 5621: 12535: 2845:, and takes a hard-line approach in the Arab–Israeli conflict. In 2005, the Likud split over the issue of creation of a Palestinian state in the occupied territories. Party members advocating peace talks helped form the Kadima Party. 10194: 9935:, p. 369: "Herzl decided to explore the East Africa proposal in the wake of the pogrom, writing to Nordau: "We must give an answer to Kishinev, and this is the only one...We must, in a word, play the politics of the hour."" 8608:"Sound the great shofar for our freedom, raise the banner to gather our exiles and gather us together from the four corners of the earth (Isaiah 11:12) Blessed are you, O Lord, Who gathers in the dispersed of His people Israel." 11086: 9868: 4247: 7212: 4113: 1872:, Austria, in May 1923. One of the main resolutions was: "It appears ... to be the duty of all Jews to co-operate in the social-economic reconstruction of Palestine and to assist in the settlement of Jews in that country." 1501:), and the settlers themselves. The movement established a bank for administering its finances, the Jewish Colonial Trust (est. 1888, incorporated in London in 1899). A local subsidiary was formed in 1902 in Palestine, the 1326: 598: 6445: 1739: 606: 12962: 14856: 2563:, though different perceptions of Zionism continue to play roles in Israeli and Jewish political discussion. After the state's establishment, Zionism has come to be described as Israel's national or state ideology. 2504: 3992:, whose activities in support of Zionism led the British Army to ban him from ever serving in Palestine. According to Charles Merkley of Carleton University, Christian Zionism strengthened significantly after the 3857: 2378:, of the Arab Palestinian population. According to Benny Morris, "the idea of transferring the Arabs out... was seen as the chief means of assuring the stability of the 'Jewishness' of the proposed Jewish State". 15405: 6376: 1714: 13104: 11685: 1381: 5586: 2672:(general organisation of labor unions), which began by providing strikebreakers against a Palestinian worker's strike in 1920 and until 1970s was the largest employer in Israel after the Israeli government. 937:. Hebrew was preferred not only for ideological reasons, but also because it allowed all citizens of the new state to have a common language, thus furthering the political and cultural bonds among Zionists. 11561: 7323: 1748: 431: 15118: 1094: 4306: 2401: 2754:; the refusal to bow to authoritarianism." Liberal Zionists see that "Jewish history shows that Jews need and are entitled to a nation-state of their own. But they also think that this state must be a 383:. Throughout eastern Europe in the late 19th century, numerous grassroots groups promoted the national resettlement of the Jews in their homeland, as well as the revitalization and cultivation of the 680: 11183: 13464: 11949: 5873: 4957:, an influential theorist of settler colonial studies who has defined settler colonialism as an ongoing "structure, not an event" aimed at replacing a native population rather than exploiting it. 9748: 4590: 1680:. It is unclear if Herzl seriously considered this alternative plan, however he later reaffirmed that Palestine would have greater attraction because of the historic ties of Jews with that area. 4704:, are opposed to its ideology for religious reasons. Despite having his life saved by a leader of the Zionist movement in 1944, one of the best known Hasidic opponents of political Zionism was 1112: 1644: 1119:, with the support of the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, attempted to create a Jewish province in the Galilee, but he died in 1579 and his plans weren't completed. However, the community in 2509:. At the congress, delegates elect a 30-man executive council, which in turn elects the movement's leader. The movement was democratic from its inception and women had the right to vote. 1005: 5081: 4585:' in Israel and Palestinian historians, expulsion and destruction of villages played a major role in creating the Palestinian refugee problem. While some traditionalist scholars such as 7742: 14595: 8624: 8671:(kibbutz galuyot) was nurtured by the government and other agents as a national ethos, the consensual and prime focus that united Jewish Israeli society after the War of Independence 4865: 12963: 9058: 4828: 7775: 7178: 12733: 5522: 1687: 701: 9096: 1857: 11621: 3951: 1134:(1626–1676) announced himself as the Messiah and gained many Jews to his side, forming a base in Salonika. He first tried to establish a settlement in Gaza, but moved later to 12420: 2236: 1310: 15780: 10555: 7268: 1173: 10806: 5617: 25379: 11310:היהודי החדש במחשבה הציונית: לאומיות, אידאולוגיה והיסטוריוגרפיה יצחק קונפורטי 2009 The new Jew in Zionist thought: nationalism, ideology and historiography Yitzhak Conforti 11303: 10530: 4960: 562: 6931: 727:, as early as the 1870s Zionist and pre-Zionist thinkers conceived of Jews as belonging to a distinct biological group. This re-conceptualization of Jewishness cast the " 9744: 252: 1497: 623:, which designated Zionism as "a form of racism and racial discrimination". Resolution 3379 was repealed in 1991 with Israel's conditioning of its participation in the 13300: 4899: 12160: 11675: 6091:: "The ethos of Zionism was twofold; it was about demography – ingathering the exiles in a viable Jewish state with as small an Arab minority as possible – and land." 4617: 1362: 14144: 13438: 10705: 777:", on the assumption that all modern Jews are the direct lineal descendants of the biblical Jews. The question has thus been focused on by supporters of Zionism and 14826: 13315: 7508: 6478: 6052:, p. 56, "That most Zionist leaders wanted the largest possible Jewish state in Palestine with as few Arabs inside it as possible is hardly open to question."; 24463: 23829: 11551: 9946: 16368: 10968: 4781:(PLO) has always positioned itself as being anti-Zionist rather than antisemitic, although its leadership have in a few instances used the terms interchangeably. 12614: 12252: 11473: 11255: 820: 12958: 12389: 3996: 1200: 12751: 12677: 9640: 1603: 13610: 24551: 4969: 995: 7420: 5790: 1406: 628: 18016: 14437: 10503: 2795: 664: 444:. Historically, the consensus in Zionist ideology has been that a Jewish national home requires a Jewish majority. Zionism is based on historical ties and 8874: 835: 549: 21860: 18615: 15190: 14703: 6360: 4490:, that being a religious concept unrelated to Zionism. This characterization of Zionism as a colonialism has been made by, among others, Gershon Shafir, 1840: 11211: 10425: 9733: 9293: 2264: 1676:. Herzl, the founder of political Zionism, was initially content with any Jewish self-governed state. Jewish settlement of Argentina was the project of 2098:. In 1938, Ben-Gurion argued that a significant source of fear for Zionists was the defensive political strength of the Palestinian position, stating: 1465: 1010: 809: 705:") was dependent on the territorial concentration of Jews in Palestine, with the longer term goal of establishing a Jewish demographic majority there. 3970: 1828: 24532: 9100: 9067: 2737: 448: 16577: 12596:"Islam, Islam, Laїcité, and Amazigh Activism in France and North Africa" (2004 paper), Paul A. Silverstein, Department of Anthropology, Reed College 11584: 11227: 20063: 18704: 15807: 15277: 6124: 4356:, which has been ratified by 53 African countries as of 2014, includes an undertaking to eliminate Zionism together with other practices including 3816:. One of the core ideas in Religious Zionism is the belief that the ingathering of exiles in the Land of Israel and the establishment of Israel is 3787: 2825: 714: 13734: 10808: 10543: 1691: 21294: 20453: 18699: 18645: 18635: 14625: 12984: 5036: 4607: 4353: 4287: 2138: 18365: 15172: 8339: 17406: 16595: 14345: 3355: 2552: 2248: 15987: 14772: 13241: 12554: 12362: 1719: 21619: 19136: 18610: 14585: 5279: 3673: 2294: 1263: 15716: 13043: 10217: 4606:, such as Benny Morris, who place the Palestinian exodus in the context of war, not ethnic cleansing. When Benny Morris was asked about the 4562: 24555: 24456: 22570: 20779: 17422: 8657: 4099: 3841:, right-wing components of the Religious Zionist movement integrated nationalist revindication and evolved into what is sometimes known as 1703:' was published in 1896, but even then he was hesitant to focus efforts solely on resettlement in Palestine when speed was of the essence. 15750: 9071: 7757: 6062: 1816: 644: 24650: 20650: 20413: 18185: 16927: 10744: 10053: 6977: 6500: 6209: 5659:, "has the white man undertaken colonization with that sense of justice and social progress which fills the Jew who comes to Palestine." 2215: 15391: 12737: 12335: 11886: 10520: 10147: 9548: 6431: 6285: 6169: 4630: 21938: 20915: 18931: 16288: 11644: 10788: 9104: 9026: 7047: 5852: 5494: 2155: 578: 17527: 16476: 16408: 16027: 11064: 11025: 7014: 6667: 6625: 24749: 18719: 16688: 15306: 14974: 11611: 6693: 3663: 1613: 652: 492: 391:" and were seen as countering a growing Jewish movement toward assimilation. The first use of the term is attributed to the Austrian 18156: 16665: 13556: 13090: 12888: 12785: 12412: 4566:, although many Zionists proposed transfer, it was never official Zionist policy and in 1918 Ben-Gurion "emphatically rejected" it. 2357: 1753:, Zangwill charged Nordau that he "will be charged before the bar of history," and his supporters blamed the Russian voting bloc of 1018:. They believed that any attempt to achieve redemption through human actions, rather than divine intervention and the coming of the 18960: 15772: 13524: 12279: 11853: 5922: 4136:, an Islamist militant group that is designated as a terrorist organization by the European Union and United Kingdom, Sheikh Prof. 2224: 734: 15153: 13400: 13258: 1377: 24449: 23242: 21866: 20611: 20459: 13013: 12830: 6119: 4292: 3905: 3884: 657: 337: 14920: 14804: 11300: 10619: 6928: 73: 21221: 20942: 19559: 19013: 12862: 10174: 8963: 7272: 3900: 2220: 1914: 17746: 16231: 14993: 14234: 2532:, the movement included for the first time an express objective of the establishment of a Jewish state in the Land of Israel. 24821: 24673: 24075: 24045: 23147: 21984: 21031: 20701: 19554: 18714: 18025: 17891: 17870: 17800: 17777: 17706: 17675: 17650: 17629: 17601: 17564: 17521: 17496: 17465: 17352: 17331: 17307: 17240: 17218: 17183: 17129: 17065: 17040: 16989: 16921: 16893: 16857: 16823: 16795: 16770: 16742: 16714: 16644: 16551: 16528: 16505: 16470: 16445: 16402: 16362: 16322: 16282: 16254: 16220: 16134: 16058: 16021: 15959: 15934: 15902: 15874: 15430: 15385: 15342: 14894: 14538: 14328: 14119: 13998: 13975: 13896: 13873: 13850: 13820: 13788: 13769: 13724: 13690: 13652: 13505: 13432: 12637: 12318: 12199: 12130: 12114: 12089: 12060: 11531: 11405: 11177: 11058: 11019: 10962: 10738: 10699: 10641: 10372: 10289: 10227: 10188: 10141: 10096: 10047: 9999: 9960: 9862: 9674: 9525: 9354: 9319: 9215: 9179: 9002: 8977: 8946: 8850: 8573: 8499: 7721: 7627: 7590: 7502: 7474: 7198: 7041: 7008: 6971: 6661: 6619: 6472: 6425: 6370: 6346: 6279: 6203: 6163: 5967: 5901: 5846: 5745: 5648: 5606: 5572: 5516: 5470: 4950: 719: 16328: 15348: 15129: 14845:"260 General Assembly Resolution 46–86 – Revocation of Resolution 3379 – 16 December 1991 and statement by President Herzog" 13297: 9848: 7240: 4734: 24561: 24070: 23995: 22787: 22751: 21503: 18684: 18220: 14979: 14952: 12168: 11103: 5973: 5243:): "For decades Zionists themselves used terms such as 'colonisation' (hityashvut) to describe their project in Palestine." 5230:): "For decades Zionists themselves used terms such as 'colonisation' (hityashvut) to describe their project in Palestine." 4662: 4651: 4022: 3780: 2539:, meeting in Jerusalem in 1968, adopted the five points of the "Jerusalem Program" as the aims of Zionism today. They are: 2298: 2207: 1865: 277: 19463: 15111: 14134: 6182:(Zionism) arose in response to and in imitation of the current national movements of Central, Southern, and Eastern Europe 471: 24699: 24654: 24527: 24494: 21658: 21287: 20849: 20684: 20640: 19574: 19569: 18993: 17962: 15082: 14830: 11149: 6028:, this meant Zionism's success would produce an Arab minority in Palestine, no matter what its geographical dimensions."; 4639: 4462: 4283: 2252: 1824: 1527:(1784–1885), British Jewish banker and philanthropist in Britain and the Levant, initiator and financier of Proto-Zionism 318: 206: 15217: 12579: 9690: 5838: 1293: 24236: 21201: 20386: 19263: 17862: 17155: 17015: 16961: 15446: 14852: 11250: 10180: 9815: 5917: 2147: 1745: 1237:, on Grand Isle, 1825. These early Jewish nation building efforts of Cresson, Benisch, Steinschneider and Noah failed. 22328: 14208: 12606: 12262: 11463: 11245: 11106:, a movement advocating equal rights for Arabs and Jews. More importantly, transfer proposals were put forward by the 10842: 7569: 5765: 2352: 1699:). The name Zion was synonymous with Jerusalem. Palestine only became Herzl's main focus after his Zionist manifesto ' 25518: 25248: 23772: 21953: 19414: 19268: 18247: 17732: 16274: 13376: 12667: 12473: 12381: 11440: 11129: 9788: 8306: 5181: 4778: 4466: 2657: 2204: 14555: 14167: 12763: 11910:"Exporting political theology to the diaspora: translating Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook for Modern Orthodox consumption" 9630: 4804:'s policies and actions, and that it is used as a political ploy in order to stifle legitimate criticism of Israel. 2154: 24668: 22563: 21998: 21368: 21331: 21247: 21006: 20696: 20624: 19323: 19231: 18640: 17685: 17121: 16787: 16150: 13614: 13197: 13117: 8229: 8183: 4535:, and John Rose have criticized Zionism for having been responsible for violence against Palestinians, such as the 4003: 3690: 3521: 2837: 2664: 2366: 2160: 148: 17: 12232: 2271: 24711: 24321: 24176: 23425: 23232: 21483: 20488: 19682: 18505: 18315: 15641:"They did not recognize the Arab population of Palestine as another people with their own collective claims..." ( 14661: 14007: 13797: 7439: 5798: 4544: 3773: 2863: 1761: 616: 25384: 18162: 13157: 11163: 10500: 8722: 5680: 2801:, a term denoting the force needed to prevent Palestinian resistance against colonization. Jabotinsky wrote that 2195: 1683: 1498: 574:), and the common threat posed by Israel's neighboring enemies. By the early 21st century, more than 40% of the 25319: 25058: 24677: 24025: 23980: 23237: 23058: 22426: 21546: 21280: 20910: 20708: 19364: 18924: 18855: 18510: 18467: 18340: 18290: 17252: 16877: 15682: 12937: 12719: 10398: 9290: 8866: 8243: 6195: 5462: 4935: 4894: 3986: 2758:, which means that there must be strict equality before the law independent of religion, ethnicity or gender." 2287: 1025: 953: 941: 871: 848: 567: 187:, but this was rejected by most of the movement. The process of Jews moving or 'returning' to the land (around 89: 16115:"The First Israeli Government (1948–1950) and the Arab Citizens: Equality in Discourse, Exclusion in Practice" 14827:"UN General Assembly Resolution 3379, Racial Discrimination (Council on Foreign Relations, November 10, 1975)" 14695: 12267: 4252: 2126:, a reduction from Ben-Gurion's previous target of two million immigrants. Following the end of the war, many 25019: 24522: 24426: 24115: 24110: 24040: 24000: 23985: 23767: 23722: 23342: 22990: 20954: 20465: 19786: 18590: 18515: 18500: 18064: 17970: 17769: 16424: 12815: 11208: 10421: 4401: 4393: 3526: 2607:". The kibbutz began as a variation on a "national farm" scheme, a form of cooperative agriculture where the 2559: 2299: 2103: 1508: 1214: 396: 17371:"Settler-colonial citizenship: conceptualizing the relationship between Israel and its Palestinian citizens" 17293: 15247: 14435:(1985). "The Crystallization of Israeli Policy Against a Return of the Arab Refugees: April–December 1948". 9734:"The Israeli Flag (definitive stamp), 11/2010. Four Milestones in the History of the Flag: Nezz Ziona, 1891" 6222: 1925:. The Arabs opposed the partition plan and Britain later rejected this solution and instead implemented the 1732:, who did not seem to favour an influx of Europeans. Furthermore, the delegation found it to be filled with 306: 25508: 24281: 24226: 24196: 24105: 24080: 24065: 23990: 23970: 23068: 22980: 22756: 22487: 21855: 21678: 21664: 21133: 20878: 20528: 20396: 20391: 19579: 19564: 19328: 19283: 19028: 18850: 18294: 17824: 14479: 13424: 13177: 12920: 10545: 8620:"Zionist Immigration Policy Put to the Test: Historical analysis of Israel's immigration policy, 1948–1951" 8234: 7619: 4986: 4754:, their approximately 5,000 members worldwide make up about 0.03 percent of the world's Jewish population. 4233: 4056: 3680: 3612: 2208: 2151: 2095: 1806: 1639: 895: 85: 24100: 18195: 18182:– PBS Documentary Film focusing on the secret American involvement in Aliyah Bet, narrated by Morley Safer 10566: 8897: 4726: 4088: 3927: 2546: 1424:, January 17, 1896, showing an article by Theodor Herzl, a month prior to the publication of his pamphlet 25533: 25528: 25324: 24745: 23737: 22960: 22910: 22556: 22516: 22406: 22138: 22026: 21790: 21769: 20991: 20839: 20713: 20604: 20493: 20478: 19359: 19219: 18845: 18216: 18175: 16815: 16781: 16565: 15894: 13888: 12499: 11593: 11231: 7527: 5454: 4763: 4574: 4108: 4049: 3475: 3315: 2723: 2365: 2232: 2171: 1864: 1833: 1108: 583: 17250: 15267: 15057: 10805: 6996: 6707:"Settlement in Eretz Israel – A Colonialist Enterprise? "Critical" Scholarship and Historical Geography" 6114: 590:. Some prominent figures in the early Zionist movement referred to the movement as colonialist, such as 151:. Throughout the first decade of the Zionist movement, some Zionist figures, including movement founder 25415: 24546: 24095: 23975: 23006: 22182: 21922: 21879: 21470: 21363: 21045: 20996: 20447: 20341: 19992: 19886: 19594: 19527: 19088: 18978: 18865: 18830: 18600: 18540: 18490: 18355: 17724: 17175: 16849: 16706: 16126: 14380: 13967: 13738: 12081: 11397: 10778: 10281: 7000: 6334: 6271: 4554: 4540: 4528: 4491: 4214: 3702: 2513: 1933: 1530: 1521:(1831–1896), German Jewish financier and philanthropist, founder of the Jewish Colonization Association 1453: 1399: 1344: 1340: 1273: 1260: 140: 18089: 16838:"Zionist Theories of Peace in the Pre-state Era: Legacies of Dissimulation and Israel's Arab Minority" 16494: 14617: 12981: 12413:"He was the head of Christians United for Israel. Now he's running as a Jewish candidate for Congress" 9666: 7080: 3919: 1692: 25523: 25513: 25498: 25269: 25212: 25198: 25171: 25103: 24979: 24814: 24681: 24664: 23269: 22965: 22333: 21593: 21206: 21116: 20959: 20691: 20563: 20503: 20401: 20381: 20251: 20176: 20036: 19903: 19589: 19549: 18917: 18744: 18625: 17621: 16520: 16264: 16050: 15169: 13678: 13008: 12793: 10256: 10133: 9952: 9854: 8969: 8301: 8039: 6417: 5640: 4655: 4312: 4202: 4133: 4010: 3944: 3407: 3305: 3088: 3045: 2695: 2260: 2256: 1837: 1696: 762: 724: 624: 225: 147:. The arrival of Zionist settlers to Palestine during this period is widely seen as the start of the 108:. Zionists wanted to create a Jewish state in Palestine with as much land, as many Jews, and as few 24055: 23777: 22263: 14352: 13325: 12701:, Volume 4, Reeva S. Simon, Philip Mattar, Richard W. Bulliet. Macmillan Reference US, 1996. p. 1661 12214: 9097:"Mordecai Noah and St. Paul's Cathedral: An American Proto-Zionist Solution to the "Jewish Problem"" 5129: 4052:, urges Americans to "fearlessly speak out in defense of America, Israel and Western civilization". 542: 25014: 25009: 24771: 24634: 24518: 24372: 24030: 23834: 22746: 22511: 22493: 22482: 21745: 21653: 21625: 20827: 20784: 20747: 20483: 20314: 19613: 19488: 18530: 18345: 18335: 17543: 17370: 16632: 16593: 15977: 15951: 14762: 14590: 13238: 12366: 12037: 11707: 11519: 10084: 8147: 7083: 6720: 5001: 4697: 4397: 4311: 4269: 4224: 4178: 3695: 3437: 2501: 1776: 1551: 934: 925: 858: 681: 675: 285: 31: 24727: 21434: 18144: 12786:"India–Israel Relations: The Imperatives for Enhanced Strategic Cooperation – Subhash Kapila" 12564: 10792: 5508: 25503: 25217: 23814: 23286: 23190: 23101: 23016: 22895: 22477: 21699: 21191: 21016: 20905: 20892: 20757: 20718: 20436: 20425: 20019: 19940: 19645: 19544: 19483: 19369: 19342: 18535: 18495: 18060: 17966: 17667: 17513: 16909: 16497: 16013: 13137: 13035: 10277: 10039: 8836: 7318: 6611: 6464: 6299: 5500: 5458: 4961: 4720: 4631: 4483: 4328: 3959: 3845:. Their ideology revolves around three pillars: the Land of Israel, the People of Israel and the 3470: 3465: 3442: 2240: 2164: 2139: 1677: 1255: 1244:, famous for his intervention in favor of Jews around the world, including the attempt to rescue 933:. Once they moved to Israel, many Zionists refused to speak their (diasporic) mother tongues and 24392: 23347: 17082: 13842: 13682: 13672: 12916:"Anatomy of the 1936–39 Revolt: Images of the Body in Political Cartoons of Mandatory Palestine" 12078: 8619: 7071:"After two thousand years of struggle for survival, the reality of Israel is a colonial state.' 25314: 25048: 24760: 23762: 23652: 23430: 23394: 23276: 23121: 22970: 22154: 22119: 21884: 21439: 21166: 21089: 21062: 20937: 20597: 20472: 20442: 19505: 18880: 18595: 16758: 15740: 15711: 14419: 14393: 14282: 13547: 11821: 11709: 10340: 10088: 7616: 6882: 6772: 5199: 4407: 4193: 3999: 3963: 3893: 3427: 3370: 2978: 2916: 2871: 2497: 1951: 1716: 1459: 1332: 1297: 1178: 930: 361: 233:. At the same time, some international recognition and support was gained, notably in the 1917 222: 16907: 16873: 16517: 15860: 15805:(2007). "De-Judaizing the Homeland: Academic Politics in Rewriting the History of Palestine". 15013: 13812: 13806: 13716: 13418: 12011: 10728: 10685: 10033: 6961: 6338: 6189: 1542: 25344: 25222: 25125: 25120: 25036: 24984: 24935: 24617: 24085: 24050: 24035: 23914: 23742: 23732: 23697: 23692: 23677: 23657: 23621: 23404: 23374: 23364: 23354: 23249: 23028: 22985: 22955: 22933: 22880: 22803: 22714: 22521: 22037: 21991: 21750: 21692: 21488: 21459: 21216: 21161: 21094: 20981: 20932: 20498: 20419: 20201: 19908: 19791: 19532: 19522: 19515: 19500: 19386: 18630: 18585: 18240: 17299: 17210: 16975: 16837: 16114: 15371: 14318: 14265: 14203: 13761: 13755: 12977: 11876: 11523: 11357: 11301: 10127: 9780: 9774: 8749: 8048: 7574: 7492: 7031: 6458: 6411: 6265: 6153: 5945: 5887: 5682: 5548: 5452: 4376: 4241: 3817: 3402: 3397: 2906: 2633: 2184: 1796: 1635: 1590: 1285: 1226: 1042: 898: 17615: 16783: 16268: 13704: 12840: 11657: 10364: 10358: 9018: 6994: 5836: 4352:. Arab states in particular have historically strongly opposed Zionism. The preamble of the 4017:, declared, "the time for Jews to return to the land of Israel is now." In 1842, Smith sent 1921: 25289: 25207: 25181: 25166: 25130: 25031: 24999: 24957: 24940: 24807: 24291: 24090: 23939: 23899: 23874: 23717: 23687: 23672: 23662: 23631: 23626: 23616: 23590: 23551: 23445: 23322: 23317: 23296: 23259: 23227: 23195: 23185: 23164: 23091: 22975: 22890: 22850: 22677: 22624: 22228: 22098: 21685: 21419: 21378: 21303: 21186: 21084: 20900: 20861: 20645: 20533: 20523: 20026: 18998: 18885: 18860: 18570: 18520: 17856: 17661: 17640: 17507: 17455: 17366: 17342: 17204: 17115: 17026: 16728: 16456: 16388: 16348: 16240: 16007: 15920: 15195: 11048: 11009: 10952: 7707: 6651: 6605: 5703: 5065: 4536: 4514: 4453: 4449: 4424: 3722: 3531: 3480: 3183: 3083: 2896: 2792: 2742: 2608: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2272: 2268: 2191: 2127: 1764: 1502: 1471: 1420: 1230: 1204:"Memorandum to the Protestant Powers of the North of Europe and America", published in the 1079: 991: 903: 863: 750:, the prominent architect of early statist Zionism and the founder of what became Israel's 743: 16871: 16492: 15299: 14417:(Autumn 1986). "The Harvest of 1948 and the Creation of the Palestinian Refugee Problem". 13237: 11586: 4415: 3869:, expressed their sympathy with the aspirations of the Jewish people for a National Home. 1029: 61:, he envisioned the founding of a future independent Jewish state during the 20th century. 8: 25364: 25147: 25135: 25073: 24920: 24884: 24781: 24735: 24707: 24621: 24613: 24605: 24341: 24221: 24015: 23954: 23919: 23824: 23727: 23682: 23647: 23611: 23606: 23546: 23541: 23536: 23515: 23461: 23409: 23399: 23332: 23301: 23254: 23159: 23075: 23048: 23011: 22938: 22905: 22885: 22855: 22741: 22641: 22444: 22386: 22125: 21933: 21828: 21784: 21648: 21638: 21614: 21609: 21498: 21444: 21429: 21404: 21106: 21079: 21026: 20873: 20866: 20834: 20752: 20730: 20679: 20181: 20149: 20075: 19984: 19930: 19537: 19337: 19071: 19036: 18825: 18709: 18694: 18452: 18392: 18325: 17032: 16734: 16684: 16654: 16159: 16077:"Israel-Palestine and the Settler Colonial 'Turn': From Interpretation to Decolonization" 15422: 13542: 13298: 13070: 12892: 12339: 11843: 11087: 5866: 5724: 4991: 4801: 4800: 4678: 4646: 4457: 3808:, Religious Zionists were mainly observant Jews who supported Zionist efforts to build a 3749: 3729: 3600: 3158: 2971: 2936: 2901: 2784: 2776: 2767: 2661: 2653: 2529: 2343: 2179: 2131: 1926: 1922: 1858: 1792: 1760: 1711: 1649: 1512: 1289: 1281: 1193: 1050: 971: 770: 747: 639: 591: 587: 520: 453: 334: 286: 269: 234: 230: 192: 160: 18212: 17924: 16658: 15890: 13521: 12283: 11394: 8791: 8789: 2549: 2107: 245: 191: 25083: 25053: 25041: 25004: 24974: 24962: 24945: 24925: 24740: 24601: 24427: 24377: 24130: 24010: 23884: 23859: 23667: 23585: 23556: 23505: 23495: 23440: 23435: 23369: 23359: 23337: 23291: 23169: 23137: 23053: 23038: 23033: 22900: 22808: 22766: 22672: 22662: 22657: 22636: 22619: 22579: 22506: 22434: 22401: 22358: 22353: 22060: 21900: 21874: 21774: 21755: 21721: 21707: 21513: 21464: 21449: 21424: 21181: 21143: 21128: 21011: 20810: 20796: 20513: 20508: 20319: 20041: 19918: 19913: 19898: 19868: 19821: 19744: 19650: 19510: 19083: 18988: 18955: 18689: 18650: 18330: 18083: 18050:, Yoram Hazony, and Michael B. Oren, eds., "New Essays on Zionism," Shalem Press, 2007. 17843: 17764: 17439: 17398: 17277: 17269: 17228: 17099: 16981: 16762: 16620: 16344: 16304: 16197: 16098: 15824: 15707: 15150: 15038: 14496: 14299: 13865: 13835: 13397: 13350: 13342: 13275: 12559: 12496:"Dr. Tawfik Hamid's Official Website – Part of the Potomac Institute of Policy Studies" 12257: 11993: 11939: 11848: 11771: 11726: 11411: 11374: 11337: 11005: 10666: 10482: 10336: 10258: 10077: 9821: 9715: 9611: 9565: 9498: 9490: 9447: 9439: 9395: 9301: 8747: 8714: 8649: 8472: 8331: 8263: 8175: 8167: 8072: 8043: 7762: 7596: 7431: 7204: 6525: 6227: 5959: 5699: 5556: 5061: 5057: 4973: 4947: 4924: 4789: 4618: 4237: 4197: 4137: 4080: 3974: 3822: 3717: 3712: 3639: 3365: 3246: 3173: 3148: 3040: 2244: 1941: 1765: 1754: 1720: 1707: 1318: 965: 949: 867: 836: 821: 805: 645: 441: 294: 214: 188: 93: 24020: 21761: 21643: 19796: 19672: 15337:. Translated by Cooper, Belinda; Brown, Allison. Transaction Publishers. p. 182. 15137: 13003: 12645: 10765: 10607: 829: 25349: 25309: 25294: 25284: 25253: 25152: 25108: 25098: 25078: 24989: 24967: 24952: 24930: 24904: 24879: 24874: 24644: 24590: 24574: 24566: 24402: 24387: 24181: 23869: 23561: 23510: 23466: 23327: 23264: 23096: 23063: 22868: 22860: 22761: 22698: 22391: 22338: 22283: 22221: 22192: 22133: 22079: 22016: 22006: 21963: 21948: 21833: 21813: 21803: 21672: 21633: 21414: 21396: 21383: 21240: 21153: 21021: 20986: 20969: 20822: 20742: 20632: 20297: 20228: 20110: 20095: 19878: 19749: 19714: 19003: 18820: 18679: 18655: 18457: 18442: 18402: 18054: 18021: 17960: 17887: 17866: 17847: 17806: 17796: 17773: 17728: 17702: 17671: 17646: 17625: 17597: 17560: 17517: 17492: 17461: 17443: 17390: 17348: 17327: 17303: 17281: 17236: 17214: 17179: 17151: 17125: 17103: 17061: 17053: 17036: 17011: 16985: 16957: 16949: 16917: 16889: 16853: 16819: 16791: 16766: 16738: 16710: 16640: 16612: 16608: 16547: 16524: 16501: 16466: 16441: 16398: 16358: 16318: 16278: 16250: 16216: 16201: 16189: 16181: 16173: 16130: 16102: 16054: 16017: 15955: 15930: 15898: 15870: 15828: 15699: 15426: 15381: 15338: 15030: 14910: 14890: 14794: 14534: 14324: 13994: 13971: 13892: 13869: 13846: 13816: 13784: 13765: 13720: 13705: 13686: 13648: 13501: 13428: 13354: 13271: 13082: 12809: 12314: 12241: 12195: 12110: 12085: 12056: 11985: 11943: 11931: 11763: 11744: 11730: 11527: 11512: 11401: 11366: 11329: 11173: 11125: 11091: 11054: 11015: 10958: 10734: 10695: 10670: 10658: 10368: 10328: 10285: 10223: 10184: 10137: 10092: 10043: 9995: 9956: 9907: 9858: 9784: 9707: 9670: 9635: 9603: 9557: 9521: 9502: 9482: 9451: 9431: 9387: 9350: 8998: 8973: 8942: 8917: 8846: 8786: 8718: 8706: 8653: 8641: 8579: 8569: 8565: 8505: 8495: 8464: 8335: 8323: 8255: 8179: 8159: 8077: 7767: 7717: 7623: 7600: 7586: 7498: 7369: 7208: 7194: 7037: 7004: 6967: 6657: 6615: 6517: 6468: 6421: 6366: 6342: 6327: 6275: 6254: 6223: 6199: 6159: 5963: 5897: 5842: 5741: 5737: 5728: 5644: 5618: 5602: 5568: 5512: 5466: 5069: 5006: 4996: 4570: 4520: 4499: 4229: 4218: 4166: 4072: 3924: 3920: 3878: 3838: 3360: 3295: 3276: 3241: 2961: 2931: 2854: 2797: 2755: 2616: 2324: 2316: 2228: 1845: 1518: 1234: 1188: 1101: 1026: 1015: 987: 891: 720: 579: 575: 516: 413: 302: 253: 226: 17402: 15695: 14280: 12974: 12866: 11355: 10323: 10306: 7435: 1606:, 'Judah's Camp', a mounted guards company founded by Michael Halperin in 1891 (see 321:. Similarly, anti-Zionism has many aspects, which include criticism of Zionism as a 25493: 25465: 25374: 25354: 25279: 25232: 25227: 25088: 24849: 24703: 24316: 24125: 24005: 23520: 23500: 23116: 23111: 23043: 23023: 22917: 22845: 22813: 22693: 22609: 22528: 22449: 22439: 22323: 22318: 22197: 22114: 22011: 21973: 21737: 21604: 21539: 21508: 21478: 21355: 21325: 21171: 21123: 21001: 20363: 20331: 20292: 20263: 20246: 20196: 19997: 19806: 19739: 19692: 19640: 19608: 19599: 19584: 19458: 19433: 19409: 19293: 19224: 19141: 19008: 18870: 18840: 18810: 18790: 18555: 18407: 18382: 18374: 18233: 17991:), Navajeevana Publications, Vijayanagar Colony, Hyderabad, 1984, pp. 121–126. 17976: 17833: 17694: 17552: 17484: 17431: 17382: 17261: 17091: 16881: 16604: 16433: 16163: 16088: 15884: 15816: 15691: 15091: 15022: 14743: 14488: 14446: 14402: 14291: 14242: 13830: 13781: 13334: 13267: 12929: 11921: 11755: 11718: 11652: 10650: 10474: 10318: 9699: 9595: 9474: 9423: 9379: 8909: 8698: 8633: 8456: 8315: 8247: 8151: 8067: 8057: 7713: 7578: 7266: 7186: 6880: 6509: 6149: 5691: 5598: 5560: 5504: 5146: 5031: 5016: 5011: 4829: 4767: 4701: 4685: 4578: 4511: 4487: 4411: 4279: 4076: 4045: 3932: 3568: 3385: 3266: 3100: 3093: 2681: 2637: 2625: 2611: 2560: 2536: 2395: 2375: 2339:, a main religious Zionist leader and thinker, would declare in 1967 following the 2303: 2247:, outside of Israel's territories. More than a quarter had already fled during the 2123: 2111: 1524: 1367: 1311: 1241: 669: 603: 554: 472: 426: 273: 21958: 18186: 16168: 16145: 14248: 12466:[Herzl and hope in celebrating 30 (years of the) Druze Zionist movement]. 12311: 12138: 10465: 8562: 8319: 2648: 2520: 131: 25477: 25339: 25068: 25063: 25026: 24994: 24899: 24844: 24441: 24296: 24266: 23791: 23200: 23106: 22943: 22162: 21968: 21798: 21779: 21713: 21493: 21256: 21211: 21196: 21176: 21138: 21111: 21057: 20273: 20268: 20080: 20007: 19840: 19811: 19734: 19724: 19687: 19662: 19478: 19473: 19468: 19453: 19448: 19438: 19423: 19214: 19131: 19098: 19056: 19046: 18565: 18485: 18412: 18203: 18179: 17988: 17941: 17934: 17881: 17751: 17587: 17475: 17386: 17321: 17169: 17051: 16947: 16809: 16756: 16462: 16308: 16210: 16044: 15945: 15888: 15377: 15332: 15176: 15157: 15115: 13528: 13404: 13338: 13304: 13245: 12988: 12759: 12521: 11307: 11215: 10812: 10654: 10615: 10507: 10393: 10275: 9297: 8936: 7234: 6935: 6841: 6307: 5949: 5732: 5660: 5634: 5214: 5190: 4928: 4920: 4716: 4693: 4515: 4361: 4162:, today, tens of thousands of Israeli Druze belong to "Druze Zionist" movements. 4029: 3422: 3221: 3216: 3110: 2656: 1918: 1741: 1684: 1673: 1350: 1323: 1245: 1222: 1143: 919: 887: 702: 620: 608: 563: 496: 476: 464: 392: 384: 352: 261: 242: 184: 24346: 15944: 15058:"New survey of Orthodox Jews shows vast differences in attitudes toward Zionism" 14994:"What is Neturei Karta, the Orthodox group at all the pro-Palestinian protests?" 14942: 10835:"United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East" 8702: 5695: 2615: 2528:(1903 – provided loans for Jewish businesses and farmers). In 1942, at the 2163:, at which the United States refused to support the British leading to both the 1801: 1317: 602: 459: 25453: 25429: 25396: 25369: 25304: 25299: 24894: 24776: 24489: 24476: 24251: 24231: 23799: 22948: 22348: 22247: 22109: 22071: 21894: 21731: 21564: 21554: 21533: 21344: 20774: 20767: 20577: 20552: 20373: 20280: 20238: 20218: 20206: 20186: 20100: 20090: 20058: 20051: 20031: 20002: 19974: 19969: 19935: 19845: 19769: 19759: 19697: 19495: 19443: 19354: 19349: 19111: 19106: 19041: 18970: 18835: 18769: 18764: 18397: 18275: 17742: 17716: 16752: 16724: 16003: 15191:"Neturei Karta - the extreme Jewish fringe group beloved of many anti-Zionists" 15108: 14061: 13990: 13057: 12307: 12029: 11746: 11291: 7365: 6711: 6601: 6513: 6243: 6231: 5870: 5655:"Never before", wrote Berl Katznelson, founding editor of the Histadrut daily, 5636: 5623: 5026: 4904: 4793: 4614: 4603: 4582: 4563: 4369: 4297: 4189: 4174: 4141: 4096: 3982: 3978: 3952: 3936: 3813: 3685: 3668: 3658: 3632: 3340: 3261: 3211: 3178: 3069: 3062: 3033: 3023: 3016: 2842: 2734: 2726: 2691: 2590: 2196: 1906: 1882: 1700: 1607: 1427: 1374: 1353: 1206: 1184: 1158: 1006: 1002: 983: 774: 735: 558: 550: 506: 488: 484: 480: 433: 399: 388: 379:, widely symbolizing the Land of Israel. Mount Zion is also a term used in the 330: 326: 238: 218: 202: 144: 128: 124: 117: 105: 97: 56: 22501: 17838: 17819: 17265: 15820: 14747: 14734: 14450: 14406: 14295: 14029:, Judit Targarona Borrás, Ángel Sáenz-Badillos (Eds). 1999, Brill. p. 117–124. 11722: 10478: 9703: 9478: 9427: 8913: 8637: 8583: 7582: 7190: 4602: 3889: 2282: 25487: 25441: 25176: 24889: 24864: 24859: 24854: 24578: 23894: 23889: 23844: 23839: 23819: 23142: 22818: 22303: 22296: 22258: 22021: 21889: 21850: 21838: 21726: 21559: 21518: 21454: 21339: 21261: 20949: 20655: 20346: 20191: 20118: 19925: 19859: 19832: 19781: 19729: 19702: 19677: 19667: 19428: 19374: 19308: 19288: 19278: 19273: 19246: 19192: 19121: 19066: 18800: 18749: 18739: 18437: 18422: 18387: 18320: 18305: 18199: 18011: 17810: 17435: 17394: 17362: 17317: 16841: 16616: 16561: 16193: 16177: 16118: 16093: 16076: 15982: 15802: 15703: 15225: 15034: 14563: 14097: 14078: 13086: 13071:"Nazi-Germany's Anti-Zionist Propaganda and Its Impact on the War of 1947/48" 12933: 12583: 11989: 11976: 11935: 11800: 11767: 11759: 11514: 11370: 11333: 11107: 11099: 11095: 10662: 10332: 9991: 9711: 9607: 9586: 9561: 9486: 9435: 9391: 8921: 8710: 8645: 8468: 8327: 8259: 8163: 8088: 8062: 7771: 7488: 6521: 6247: 5941: 5926: 5918: 5708: 5614: 5564: 4954: 4943: 4739: 4731: 4623: 4559: 4344: 4152: 4117: 4033: 3916: 3901: 3761: 3707: 3375: 3345: 3256: 3052: 2983: 2738: 2612: 2572: 2332: 2328: 2119: 1813: 1812: 1729: 1645: 1483: 1477: 1162: 1150: 1131: 1075: 945: 875: 854: 766: 755: 525: 500: 449: 265: 201:), an effort to put a stop to the exoduses and persecutions that have marked 156: 152: 50: 22268: 18896: 17289: 16146:"Zionism and the Hebrew Bible: from religious holiness to national sanctity" 15450: 15095: 14230: 12734:"American Jewish group takes Indian Muslims to Israel | Indian Muslims" 9817: 8509: 8354: 8155: 4661: 4120: 3912: 2302: 1174: 1074: 25359: 25274: 24869: 24570: 24423: 24311: 24161: 23924: 23909: 23879: 23849: 23809: 22533: 22412: 22396: 22187: 22177: 22045: 21818: 20789: 20326: 20123: 20085: 20046: 19635: 19379: 19318: 19298: 19258: 19241: 19209: 19197: 19158: 19076: 19051: 18815: 18805: 18795: 18754: 18550: 18480: 18417: 18300: 18047: 17451: 17200: 17165: 17147: 17139: 17111: 16805: 16384: 16110: 15665: 15663: 15272: 14767: 14724: 14474: 14458: 14432: 14414: 14388: 14372: 14198: 14139: 13668: 13228:"Holocaust Victims Accuse" by Reb. Moshe Shonfeld; Bnei Yeshivos NY; (1977) 12711: 12672: 11169: 10834: 10551: 10354: 10271: 8081: 7374: 7072: 6460: 6251: 5914: 5910: 5761: 4965: 4916: 4908: 4809: 4785: 4586: 4503: 4436: 4336: 4324: 4320: 4265: 4253: 4129: 4014: 3989: 3967: 3940: 3908: 3809: 3625: 3618: 3546: 3271: 3193: 3188: 3153: 3028: 2988: 2966: 2788: 2370: 2114: 1902: 1407: 1154: 1139: 1068: 907: 817: 778: 761: 689: 661: 649: 534: 408: 380: 290: 257: 246: 132: 109: 81: 77: 17698: 17556: 17488: 17095: 16846: 16437: 16212: 16123: 13369:"African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights / Legal Instruments / ACHPR" 13368: 12461: 11432: 11415: 9349:(1st ed.). New York: Britannica Educational Publishing. p. 151. 8460: 8447: 5958:]. Translated by Sylvie d'Avigdor (republication ed.). New York: 4140:, Director of the Cultural Institute of the Italian Islamic Community and 1304: 1284: 440:"), as a national homeland of the Jews and as a focus for Jewish national 25329: 24830: 24382: 24351: 24331: 24211: 24166: 24120: 23949: 23934: 23929: 23864: 23804: 23281: 23154: 22419: 22278: 22172: 22055: 21845: 21823: 21808: 21373: 21349: 20856: 20336: 19851: 19776: 19754: 19657: 19251: 19180: 19175: 19163: 19153: 18432: 18427: 18350: 17792: 17593: 16999: 16971: 16943: 16903: 16833: 16543: 16354: 16314: 15926: 15745: 14998: 14886: 14175: 13954: 13712: 13700: 9740: 9599: 8689: 6535: 4934: 4900: 4689: 4550: 4532: 4524: 4507: 4357: 4332: 4275: 4037: 3993: 3866: 3842: 3830: 3587: 3541: 3511: 3251: 3236: 3226: 3168: 3163: 3125: 3115: 3078: 3011: 3005: 3000: 2956: 2926: 2750: 2641: 2594: 2340: 2295: 1910: 1724: 1665: 1249: 1187: 1116: 1011: 599: 322: 298: 176: 69: 25472: 18037: 17273: 16885: 16624: 15660: 15026: 13346: 13279: 13205: 13121: 11997: 11775: 11341: 11094:. Supporters of transfer included such moderates as the "Arab appeaser" 9494: 8171: 7941: 7421:"Demography in Israel/Palestine: Trends, Prospects, Policy Implications" 7177: 6529: 2150:. The British, having faced Arab revolts, were now facing opposition by 1819: 1533:(1845–1934), French Jewish banker and major donor of the Zionist project 463: 25391: 24766: 24397: 24241: 24171: 22667: 22629: 22310: 22211: 22167: 21528: 21523: 21272: 20660: 20430: 20137: 19719: 19313: 19061: 18983: 18545: 18525: 18102: 18075: 18006: 17690: 17611: 17583: 17548: 17480: 16867: 16811: 16429: 16394: 15042: 14878: 14500: 14466: 14303: 11839: 11468: 11378: 10486: 10388: 9719: 9615: 9569: 9443: 9399: 8476: 8267: 8135: 6874: 6838: 6779: 6745:"Zionism and British imperialism II: Imperial financing in Palestine", 5021: 4912: 4599: 4495: 4475: 4060: 4018: 3948: 3862: 3594: 3231: 3105: 3057: 2817: 2716: 2524:(1901 – a charity that bought land for Jewish settlement) and the 2336: 2168: 2135: 1848: 1779: 1750: 1688: 1669: 1083: 1056: 1034: 739: 685: 543: 539: 372: 180: 22343: 17921: 17883: 16637: 14673: 11926: 11909: 10521:"Palestine Conference (Government Policy) (Hansard, 18 February 1947)" 8759: 8757: 4319: 2543: 1805: 1414: 1022:, constituted a rebellion against divine will and a dangerous heresy. 676: 640: 25186: 25093: 24755: 24301: 24286: 24276: 24271: 24216: 24201: 23490: 22614: 22548: 22273: 21569: 20351: 19816: 19707: 19618: 19236: 19170: 18774: 18759: 18475: 18447: 18107: 17057: 17007: 16953: 16913: 16246: 16046: 15866: 15721: 13921: 11808: 11320: 10691: 8842: 8684: 7076: 5893: 4814: 4797: 4635: 4365: 4092: 3834: 3800: 3551: 3516: 3130: 3120: 2995: 2838: 2720: 2669: 2577: 2320: 2143: 1886: 1657: 1055:, the ingathering of exiles in the Land of Israel as foretold by the 1038: 571: 376: 168: 53: 19187: 18056: 17144: 17117: 16576:] (in German). sammlungen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de. p. 29 (31). 14556:"Survival of the Fittest (an interview with Historian Benny Morris)" 14492: 14391:(October 1986). "Yosef Weitz and the Transfer Committees, 1948–49". 13613:. The Coordination Forum for Countering Antisemitism. Archived from 13161: 12915: 10501: 9825: 9383: 8251: 6925: 5734: 3973: 1786: 1616:, 'The Guard' (1912–1913), distinct from the British Mandate-period 918:. Hebrew was largely preserved throughout later history as the main 25334: 25157: 24261: 24186: 24060: 23944: 22289: 22147: 22050: 22031: 21574: 21409: 21389: 21072: 20925: 20762: 20070: 20012: 19957: 19952: 19623: 18909: 14947: 14915: 14799: 14011:, Eyal Benvenistî, Chaim Gans, Sari Hanafi (Eds.), Springer, p. 78: 13801:, Eyal Benvenistî, Chaim Gans, Sari Hanafi (Eds.), Springer, p. 78. 12982: 12863:"RSS slams Left for opposing Sharon's visit: Rediff.com India News" 12835: 10215: 8754: 7536:, p. 342, Chapter 1: Zionism and European Settler-Colonialism. 6235: 4432: 4380: 4302: 4249: 3412: 2911: 2881: 2335:, which was carried out with the approval of some Orthodox rabbis. 1557: 1096: 1030: 825: 314: 310: 136: 24326: 20589: 18151: 18139: 12716: 11552:"The Dramatic Headline of This Election: Israel Is Not Right Wing" 8685:"Rupture and Return: Zionist Discourse and the Study of Arab Jews" 6817: 2772: 1913: 1248:, established a colony for Jews in Palestine. In 1854, his friend 25193: 24691: 24336: 24306: 24256: 24246: 24151: 23904: 23854: 22782: 22203: 22065: 21943: 21101: 20844: 20285: 20169: 20164: 20154: 20142: 19962: 19947: 19891: 19826: 19801: 19764: 19628: 19303: 19202: 19126: 18944: 18605: 18560: 16730: 14559: 12468: 12382:"How CUFI has awakened the 'sleeping giant' of Christian Zionism" 11680: 11616: 11556: 10525: 7239:(in German). Eberhard-Karls-Universität zu Tübingen. p. 39. 6255: 4705: 3928: 3909: 3801: 3606: 3432: 2699: 2686: 2621: 2604: 2582: 2344: 1879: 1876: 1622: 1569: 1563: 1294: 1019: 926: 915: 911: 810: 445: 101: 16185: 13420: 13398: 13239: 10608:"Avalon Project – Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry – Preface" 8776: 8774: 8772: 7298:. The Handy Answer Book Series. Visible Ink Press. p. 322. 6250:, but some chose Palestine. A driving force behind this was the 5835: 4196:. In August 2007, a delegation of the All India Organization of 4025:, to Jerusalem to dedicate the land for the return of the Jews. 2787:, believed that a Jewish state must expand to both sides of the 1181: 952: 738: 46: 25140: 24695: 24609: 24499: 24206: 24191: 24156: 24146: 21978: 21067: 20920: 20672: 20620: 20356: 20223: 20159: 18620: 18310: 18285: 18280: 17344: 13707: 11826: 6929:"Through the Looking Glass: The Myth of Israeli Exceptionalism" 6304: 6239: 4712: 4666: 4638: 4479: 4471: 4428: 4349: 4340: 4169:, a Muslim scholar ('alim) of the Acre area, and the father of 3805: 3536: 3485: 3447: 2712: 2665: 2649: 2642: 2599: 1946: 1893: 1869: 1772: 1661: 1617: 1218: 1135: 1124: 1046: 479:. The Zionist movement was founded in the late 19th century by 172: 113: 38: 24799: 18082: 14696:"Gandhi, the Jews & Zionism: Gandhi on Jews and Palestine" 14102: 14083: 14040: 14025: 13645: 13465:"The Fundamental Agreement – the culmination of Nostra Aetate" 11000: 10998: 7758:"U.N. Repeals Its '75 Resolution Equating Zionism With Racism" 7137: 5553: 4700: 4654:, after Israel declared that it would only participate in the 4470: 3820:("the beginning of the redemption"), the initial stage of the 2593:. Socialist Zionists believed that centuries of oppression in 76: 24356: 20307: 20302: 20256: 20211: 20132: 20127: 19391: 19146: 19116: 18875: 18580: 18575: 18042: 14976: 13498: 12641: 12495: 10838: 9518: 9304:(University of Maryland) January 2007, accessed May 20, 2007. 8769: 8546:אברהם בן יוסף ,מבוא לתולדות הלשון העברית (Avraham ben-Yosef, 7315: 6793:, Continuum International Publishing Group, 1997, pp. 106–215 6191: 5173: 4939: 4747: 4743: 4708: 4443: 4182: 4148: 4121: 4048:, a Lebanese-born Christian US journalist and founder of the 3846: 3563: 3506: 3417: 3350: 2834: 2708: 2585:, who today is described as the 'aristocrat' of Labor Zionism 2327:, indicated to religious Zionists that they were living in a 2276: 1653: 1584: 1440: 1336: 1120: 899: 751: 164: 18172: 16245:. Vol. I: Israel's Transition from Community to State. 13595: 13181: 11805: 10730: 9465: 8997:(4th ed.). Bedford/St. Martin's. pp. 1–12, 33–38. 8938: 8516: 7739: 6903: 4750:, or accused it of promoting antisemitism. According to the 4486:" is the source of racism in Zionism, despite, according to 24539: 20406: 18940: 18270: 18207: 15835: 15419: 14107: 13956: 13926: 13588: 13581: 12524:. Publications Office of the European Union. July 26, 2024. 12034: 11963: 11875: 10995: 10881: 9326: 8490: 8117: 8115: 6896: 6812: 5549:"A Dream Deterred: Palestine from Total War to Total Peace" 5161: 5155: 4746:, claimed that Zionism is contrary to the teachings of the 4159: 4085: 4002: 3380: 2360: 1733: 728: 347: 281: 155:, considered alternatives to Palestine, such as under the " 18225: 17589: 14135:"Memories and maps keep alive Palestinian hopes of return" 13198:"Charter of the International Jewish anti-Zionist Network" 12607:"Why not a Kurdish-Israeli Alliance? (Iran Press Service)" 12440: 12438: 12161:"John MacArthur, Israel, Calvinism, and Postmillennialism" 11592:. Friedrich Naumann Foundation for Liberty. Archived from 10857: 10569: 10176: 10027: 10025: 10023: 8007: 8005: 8003: 7118: 7116: 4091: 1515:(1860–1935), Zionist leader and philanthropist from Russia 929:, a language they thought had developed in the context of 828: 84: 18167: 18112: 18072: 17060:(originally a Harvard PhD Thesis, published March 2018). 15565: 15563: 15561: 15548: 15546: 14586:"Unearthed Gandhi WWII letter wishes Jews 'era of peace'" 14168:"Survival of the Fittest? An Interview with Benny Morris" 13522:"A Catholic Views – Zionism and the State of Israel" 11881: 9914: 9124: 9122: 8590: 8528: 8198: 7675: 6749:. Volume 30, Issue 2, 2011. pp. 115–139. Michael J. Cohen 5167: 4170: 1710: 515:). At that time, Herzl believed that Jewish migration to 495:. The political movement was formally established by the 213: 139:, or Jewish Enlightenment. During this period, Palestine 15334: 9222: 9139: 9137: 8898:"The Sabbatean syndrome, the messianic idea and Zionism" 8801: 8401: 8112: 6365:(2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 51. 4144:, a Pakistani-American scholar, journalist, and author. 3896: 1168: 1104: 1086: 668: 17820:"Settler colonialism and the elimination of the native" 16273:. History, Philosophy and Theory of the Life Sciences. 15773:"What is at Stake in the Study of Settler Colonialism?" 15610: 15608: 15582: 15580: 15578: 14763:"Brothers in arms – Israel's secret pact with Pretoria" 14377: 13964: 13958:, (Emile Sahliyeh, Ed)., SUNY Press, 1990, pp. 263–296. 13407:, African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights, 2014 12435: 12223:'The Jew', July 1870, The Quarterly Journal of Prophecy 12013: 10922: 10920: 10905: 10020: 9274: 9272: 9270: 8418: 8416: 8414: 8399: 8397: 8395: 8393: 8391: 8389: 8387: 8385: 8383: 8381: 8302:"Anti-Judaism, Antisemitism, and Delegitimizing Israel" 8000: 7368:. "Jewish Identity and the Paradox of Nationalism". In 7113: 6362: 6267: 5996: 5994: 5595: 4368:, "aggressive foreign military bases" and all forms of 1537: 1486:, est. 1929 as the worldwide operative branch of the ZO 1305: 1037: 785: 17171: 15558: 15543: 15509: 15507: 15505: 15503: 15501: 15499: 15497: 15495: 15470: 15468: 13885: 13141: 12455: 12453: 11270: 10932: 10893: 10869: 9926: 9883: 9307: 9257: 9255: 9253: 9251: 9249: 9193: 9191: 9189: 9169: 9167: 9119: 8867:"Shabbethai Ẓebi B. Mordecai – JewishEncyclopedia.com" 7907: 7905: 7875: 7873: 7871: 7869: 7867: 7865: 7863: 7797: 7795: 7793: 7552: 7550: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7542: 7385: 7383: 7348: 7346: 7344: 7342: 7340: 7338: 7336: 7334: 7332: 6873:, Abdul Wahhab Kayyali, ʻAbd al-Wahhāb Kayyālī (Eds), 6747: 6246: 5434: 5432: 5117: 4577: 4410:, the semi-official Vatican periodical (edited by the 2159: 1266: 977: 794: 631:, which "revoke the determination contained in" 3379. 25413: 24552: 17361: 16458: 15625: 15623: 15268:"Critics of Israel 'fuelling hatred of British Jews'" 11844:"The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World since 1948" 11427: 11425: 11165: 10121: 10119: 9134: 8494:. Glenda Abramson (New ed.). London: Routledge. 8232:(1974). "The Biblical Bases of Zionist Colonialism". 7990: 7988: 7986: 7984: 7982: 7980: 7850: 7848: 7835: 7833: 7820: 7818: 7816: 7814: 7812: 7810: 7462: 7402: 7400: 7398: 7030: 6540: 6031: 5182: 5170: 5164: 5152: 4384:"could only be established and maintained by force." 2624: 2310: 2200: 2094: 1909: 1728: 1474:(JNF), est. 1901 to buy and develop land in Palestine 1468:(est. 1908), the executive arm of the ZO in Palestine 1439: 996: 894: 487: 18017: 15605: 15575: 15480: 13947: 13138:"Not In Our Name ... Jewish voices opposing Zionism" 12752:"Dialogue of Democracy: Indian Muslims Visit Israel" 12015:, Westport, Conn. and London: Praeger, pp. 1–39 10983: 10917: 10389:"League of Nations Palestine Mandate: July 24, 1922" 9267: 9234: 9154: 9152: 8411: 8378: 7892: 7890: 7888: 7653: 7651: 7636: 6784: 6565: 6563: 6561: 6559: 6557: 6555: 5991: 5204: 4132:, Islamic thinker and reformer and former member of 2315: 2122: 906: 366: 21861: 17457: 15531: 15519: 15492: 15465: 14027: 12998: 12996: 12865:. Us.rediff.com. September 10, 2003. Archived from 12450: 10129: 9904: 9370:Taylor, Alan R. (1974). "The Isolation of Israel". 9246: 9186: 9164: 8428: 7902: 7860: 7790: 7663: 7539: 7380: 7329: 6767: 6413: 6405: 6403: 5496: 5429: 5149: 4128:Muslims who have publicly defended Zionism include 870:(1858–1922), founder and leader of the movement to 260:. The Zionist mainstream has historically included 24471: 16350:Image and Reality of the Israel-Palestine Conflict 16310:Image and reality of the Israel-Palestine conflict 15648: 15620: 14510: 14320:The Israel-Palestine Conflict: Parallel Discourses 13834: 13118:"The First National Jewish Anti-Zionist Gathering" 11511: 11422: 10219:The Jew in the Modern World: A Documentary History 10116: 10076: 9543: 9541: 9539: 9537: 9203: 8548:Introduction to the History of the Hebrew Language 8210: 7977: 7845: 7830: 7807: 7395: 7301:between Israel and Jewish people around the world. 6819:Israeli Historical Revisionism: From Left to Right 6800:, by Ilan Pappe, Psychology Press, 1999, pp. 72–85 6774:Israeli Historical Revisionism: From Left to Right 6502:International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 6326: 6226:spread slowly across Europe, finally reaching the 4818:possible cases are covered." – Chomsky, 1989 4009:In the last years of his life, the founder of the 2730:currents within certain active political parties. 2347:, judges, chief rabbis and senior civil servants: 88:, it eventually focused on the establishment of a 24533:Laws and customs of the Land of Israel in Judaism 12796:. Archived from the original on February 11, 2010 12253:"Ritual murder libel encouraged by Russian court" 11209:Pro-Palestine and Zionist Activities, pp. 206–214 9149: 9101:Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation 9068:Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation 9047:American Jewish Historical Society, Vol. 8, p. 80 8283: 8281: 8044:"Genetic markers cannot determine Jewish descent" 7885: 7648: 7029: 6552: 6155:Jews & the Japanese: The Successful Outsiders 4888: 4764:Anti-Zionism § Anti-Zionism and antisemitism 4201:religious nature. The visit was organized by the 2267:passed by the first Israeli government prevented 1787:Balfour Declaration and the Mandate for Palestine 1385: 842: 25485: 18616:Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization of America 16540:The Jewish State: The Struggle for Israel's Soul 14073:Zionism and the State of Israel: A Moral Inquiry 12993: 11645:"Knowledge-Nation Israel: A New Unifying Vision" 11110:itself, in effect the government of the Yishuv." 10683: 10460: 10458: 10032:Pasachoff, Naomi E.; Littman, Robert J. (2005). 10031: 7185:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 232–249, 7033:Shared Histories: A Palestinian-Israeli Dialogue 6963:Edward Said: The Legacy of a Public Intellectual 6851:Zionism and the State of Israel: A Moral Inquiry 6400: 5551:. In Bateman, Fiona; Pilkington, Lionel (eds.). 4158:While most Israeli Druze identify as ethnically 4147:On occasion, some non-Arab Muslims such as some 3955:and also affected international foreign policy. 3872: 2833:Supporters of Revisionist Zionism developed the 1579:Not sanctioned by central Zionist administration 1233:attempted to establish a Jewish refuge opposite 715:Racial conceptions of Jewish identity in Zionism 217:. In 1884, proto-Zionist groups established the 112:as possible. Following the establishment of the 18646:International Fellowship of Christians and Jews 18636:Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland 18099:The Labyrinth of Exile: A Life of Theodor Herzl 15417:Vattimo, Gianni; Marder, Michael, eds. (2013). 14199:"The expulsion of the Palestinians re-examined" 13735:"Essay by James M. Martin from "Atheist Nexus"" 12055:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. p. 15. 11874: 11391: 9987: 9581: 9579: 9534: 6959: 6796:Shafir, Gershon, "Zionism and Colonialism", in 5056:Zionism has been described either as a form of 5037:Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory 4757: 4288:Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory 1142:in the spring of 1666, the Jewish community of 1082:(who were both rabbinical figures), as well as 247:threats to its continued existence and security 27:Movement supporting a Jewish state in Palestine 17421: 16832: 16596:Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 15727: 15669: 13458: 13456: 12536:"Proscribed terrorist groups or organisations" 12463:הרצל והתקווה בחגיגות 30 לתנועה הדרוזית הציונית 10216:Paul R. Mendes-Flohr; Jehuda Reinharz (1995). 9060:Major Noah: American Patriot, American Zionist 8278: 7457:Settings of Silver: An Introduction to Judaism 7232: 7164:An Introduction to Judaism - A Textbook Reader 6786:, Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp. 72–121 6187: 6021: 4946:" in response to their marginalization by the 4723:Jews who reported having those same feelings. 4608:Expulsion of Palestinians from Lydda and Ramle 4387: 3931:given in Geneva in 1840. However, others like 1197:of any of the laws concerning a Jewish state". 1045:- which was then included in the thrice-daily 519:, particularly among poor Jewish communities, 503:in 1897 following the publication of his book 24815: 24457: 22564: 21592: 21288: 20605: 18925: 18901: 18241: 17206:1948: A History of the First Arab–Israeli War 15416: 14648:Fundamental Perspectives on International Law 13294:Why Zionism has always been a racist ideology 12338:. American Congress for Truth. Archived from 12024: 12022: 11820: 11656:. No. 39. pp. 35–57. Archived from 11461: 11046: 10824:Kodmani-Darwish, p. 126; Féron, Féron, p. 94. 10455: 10307:"The Primacy of Water in the Zionist Project" 10079:A History of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict 9809: 9807: 8838:History Of Zionism: A Handbook And Dictionary 7179:"The Jewish Problem in International Society" 6889:Bitter harvest: a modern history of Palestine 6769:, Cambridge University Press, 2002, pp. 37–38 5889:The Boundaries of Modern Palestine, 1840–1947 5675: 5673: 4672: 4102: 4059:, which has 10 million members and is led by 4032:publicly supporting Israel include US author 3837:, a territory referred to in Jewish terms as 3781: 2702:is the historical heartland of Labor Zionism. 1398:Criticism was not limited to religious Jews. 1217:Moral but not practical efforts were made in 948:is most closely associated with the linguist 387:. These groups were collectively called the " 18119:American Zionism from Herzl to the Holocaust 18034:(2003). 304 pp. essays on specialized topics 15130:"The Great Gulf Between Zionism and Judaism" 13757:Palestine and Israel: A Challenge to Justice 12960:Was the Declaration of a Jewish State Valid? 12135:Herald Magazine, Christian Witness to Israel 10360:The Making of the Modern Near East 1792–1923 9576: 9318:sfn error: no target: CITEREFCleveland2010 ( 8934: 8830: 8828: 8034: 8032: 7312: 6691:. Volume 13, Issue 4, 2007 – Special Issue: 6649: 5756: 5754: 4581:. According to a growing consensus between ' 4354:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights 4208: 3067: 2286:Yemenite Jews on their way to Israel during 1425: 1351: 1049:(Standing prayer). The biblical prophecy of 504: 345:The term "Zionism" is derived from the word 205:by bringing the Jewish people back to their 196: 54: 20414:Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation 17028:The Persistence of the Palestinian Question 16343: 16303: 15893:. Chicago Studies in Practices of Meaning. 15681: 15330: 15081: 14351:. Haaretz Friday Supplement. Archived from 13837:The Palestinians: In Search of a Just Peace 13453: 13178:"International Jewish Anti-Zionist Network" 12638:"Berbers, Where Do You Stand on Palestine?" 12282:. Signaturebookslibrary.org. Archived from 12109:. Edinburgh: Banner of Truth. p. 326. 11004: 8965:Year Zero of the Arab-Israeli Conflict 1929 8011: 7971: 7122: 6791:The Bible and colonialism: a moral critique 5158: 4066: 4023:Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints 3804:. Before the establishment of the state of 2719:suggested that the success of the then-new 2690:Kibbutznikiyot (female Kibbutz members) in 1896: 1146:, prepared to emigrate to the new kingdom. 24822: 24808: 24464: 24450: 24422:: Forms of nationalism based primarily on 24066:Muslim Independence Movement (Philippines) 22571: 22557: 21295: 21281: 20612: 20598: 18932: 18918: 18611:Women's International Zionist Organization 18248: 18234: 18163:Central Zionist Archives site in Jerusalem 16683: 16653: 15883: 14477:(1987). "The Palestinian Exodus of 1948". 14118:sfn error: no target: CITEREFLaqueur2003 ( 12192:Christian Zionism: Road-map to Armageddon? 12019: 11965:. Sussex Academic Press. pp. 314–315. 11788: 11676:"Israel Today: A Society Without a Center" 11499:. London: Mariner Books. pp. 594–607. 10815:, (doc.nr. 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August 13, 1890. 6871:Zionism, imperialism, and race 6196:University of California Press 5717: 5537: 5486: 5463:Hebrew University of Jerusalem 5444: 5138: 5050: 4936:Palestinian scholars in Israel 4895:Zionism as settler colonialism 4889:Zionism as settler colonialism 4234:independence from British rule 1771:As an alternative to Zionism, 1386:Success and stumbles in Russia 1286:the beginnings of emancipation 954:Academy of the Hebrew Language 942:revival of the Hebrew language 874:, is considered the father of 849:Revival of the Hebrew language 843:Revival of the Hebrew language 568:homeland for the Jewish people 340: 13: 1: 25020:Palingenetic ultranationalism 24116:Vojvodina Autonomist Movement 24111:Tibetan independence movement 24041:Hawaiian sovereignty movement 24001:Faroese independence movement 23986:Catalan independence movement 20466:Encyclopedia of the Holocaust 18591:Jewish Party (Czechoslovakia) 18516:Religious Zionists of America 18501:Zionist Federation of Germany 18065:Institute of European History 17971:Institute of European History 17770:Northwestern University Press 16566:"Palästina oder Argentinien?" 16215:. 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Creating an alliance with 123:Zionism initially emerged in 24700:Exodus from the Muslim world 24669:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 24197:Chechen Republic of Ichkeria 24106:Taiwan independence movement 24081:Ryukyu independence movement 23991:Champa independence movement 23971:Alsace independence movement 21679:German Christians (movement) 21665:Evangelical environmentalism 20697:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 20397:Leo Baeck Institute New York 20392:American Sephardi Federation 18851:Progressive except Palestine 18041:2004 9(3): 46–79, online in 17825:Journal of Genocide Research 17721:The Founding Myths of Israel 17387:10.1080/2201473X.2014.947671 17326:. Rutgers University Press. 16844:; Huneidi, Sahar S. (eds.). 16390:Zionism and the Palestinians 16121:; Huneidi, Sahar S. (eds.). 15922:The Making of Modern Zionism 15370:Mitchell, Thomas G. (2000). 14672:(1): 169–170. Archived from 14480:Journal of Palestine Studies 14317:Matthews, Elizabeth (2011). 13862:Islam and the West Post 9/11 13541:Shlaim, Avi (June 9, 1994). 13425:University of Illinois Press 13339:10.1080/07075332.2013.795495 12921:Journal of Palestine Studies 12363:"Onward, Christian Zionists" 10655:10.1080/09592296.2010.508409 10305:Hagopian, Elaine C. (2016). 9372:Journal of Palestine Studies 8941:. A&C Black. p. 1. 8235:Journal of Palestine Studies 7620:Wayne State University Press 4987:American Council for Judaism 4758:Anti-Zionism or antisemitism 4663:2001 UN conference on racism 4057:Christians United for Israel 3691:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 3681:Far-right politics in Israel 2654:British Mandate of Palestine 2589:Labor Zionism originated in 2367:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 2096:American Palestine Committee 1640:Proposals for a Jewish state 1546:Direct precursors of the IDF 1480:, est. 1920 to collect funds 896:Kingdoms of Israel and Judah 582:and as an example of modern 149:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 86:proposals for a Jewish state 7: 24655:Declaration of Independence 24061:Mapuche separatist movement 22517:Religious aspects of Nazism 21770:Christian reconstructionism 21032:Water supply and sanitation 19220:Constantinopolitan Karaites 18846:Muslim supporters of Israel 18255: 18217:20th Century Press Archives 17323:Zionism: An Emotional State 17233:Encyclopedia of Nationalism 16836:; Berkman, Matthew (2017). 16816:Manchester University Press 15895:University of Chicago Press 15224:. Fall 2004. Archived from 14943:"US abandons racism summit" 14911:"Anger over Zionism debate" 13987:An Understanding of Judaism 13889:Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 12580:"A Muslim in a Jewish Land" 11148:, prepared in 1946 for the 11053:. Oxford University Press. 8703:10.1215/01642472-21-2_75-49 8134:Morris-Reich, Amos (2006). 7236:Nathan Birnbaum: Biographie 6934:September 21, 2017, at the 6353:Zionism Colonize palestine. 6234:and helping to set off the 5704:10.2979/jewisocistud.18.1.1 5696:10.2979/jewisocistud.18.1.1 5601:. pp. 2, 13, 49, 132. 5205: 4979: 4388:Catholic Church and Zionism 4327:. Today, opponents include 4240:as national liberation for 4109:Muslim supporters of Israel 4050:American Congress for Truth 3476:Union of Right-Wing Parties 3316:Conservatism: A Rediscovery 2192:German invasion of the USSR 2152:Zionist groups in Palestine 1834:1919 Paris Peace Conference 1339:in 1897, which created the 1153:figures include the rabbis 1109:Jewish expulsion from Spain 1016:rebel against other nations 483:, largely as a response by 420: 367: 197: 10: 25550: 25380:Principle of nationalities 24547:Timeline of Jewish history 24096:Silesian Autonomy Movement 23976:Assam separatist movements 23131:Northern & Middle Asia 22183:Jewish political movements 21659:Christian environmentalism 21471:Religion and peacebuilding 20709:Iran–Israel proxy conflict 20448:National Library of Israel 19089:Zionism, race and genetics 18866:Zionist political violence 18831:Jewish political movements 18601:Jewish Resistance Movement 18491:World Zionist Organization 18356:Zionism, race and genetics 18178:December 18, 2021, at the 18121:(1995), a standard history 17725:Princeton University Press 17622:W. W. Norton & Company 17176:Cambridge University Press 17050:McGonigle, Ian V. (2021). 16850:Cambridge University Press 16707:Cambridge University Press 16696:. Tel Aviv: Shilton Betar. 16542:(1st ed.). New York: 16127:Cambridge University Press 16075:Busbridge, Rachel (2018). 15175:November 24, 2010, at the 15156:November 14, 2010, at the 14381:Cambridge University Press 13968:Princeton University Press 13248:(accessed March 22, 2022). 12987:December 16, 2023, at the 12082:Cambridge University Press 11398:Princeton University Press 10767:Journal of Israeli History 10643:Diplomacy & Statecraft 10506:November 29, 2018, at the 10282:Knopf Doubleday Publishing 9669:. 2006. pp. 305–306. 9516:Thompson, Gardner (2019). 9345:Stefon, Matt, ed. (2012). 9296:November 27, 2007, at the 9023:www.jewishencyclopedia.com 8871:www.jewishencyclopedia.com 7001:Cambridge University Press 6514:10.1163/157181106777909858 6335:Cambridge University Press 6272:Cambridge University Press 6022:Lustick & Berkman 2017 5869:in all its forms with the 5841:. Brill. pp. 76–203. 5731:1923) cited Alan Balfour, 4953:. It built on the work of 4892: 4761: 4696:groups, most famously the 4676: 4673:Haredi Judaism and Zionism 4541:Sabra and Shatila massacre 4447: 4391: 4273: 4263: 4212: 4106: 4103:Muslim support for Zionism 3882: 3876: 3703:Jewish political movements 2852: 2765: 2679: 2570: 2514:World Zionist Organization 2393: 2146:to the British-controlled 1917:. Britain established the 1790: 1633: 1625:, 'The Shield' (1915–1917) 1531:Edmond James de Rothschild 1492: 1345:World Zionist Organization 1066: 981: 969: 963: 959: 872:revive the Hebrew language 852: 846: 712: 634: 424: 118:national or state ideology 36: 29: 25270:Anarchism and nationalism 25262: 25241: 25199:List of fascist movements 24980:Constitutional patriotism 24913: 24837: 24733: 24724: 24640: 24631: 24509: 24483: 24413: 24365: 24139: 24101:Székely autonomy movement 23963: 23790: 23755: 23710: 23640: 23599: 23581: 23574: 23529: 23486: 23479: 23454: 23418: 23390: 23383: 23310: 23220: 23213: 23178: 23130: 23084: 22999: 22926: 22838: 22831: 22796: 22775: 22734: 22727: 22707: 22686: 22650: 22602: 22595: 22586: 22473: 22467: 22462: 22382: 22371: 22254: 22241: 22105: 22092: 21929: 21916: 21600: 21594:Christianity and politics 21587: 21321: 21310: 21234: 21152: 21053: 21044: 20977: 20968: 20891: 20818: 20809: 20738: 20729: 20631: 20546: 20402:Yeshiva University Museum 20382:Center for Jewish History 20372: 20237: 20109: 19983: 19877: 19408: 19027: 18969: 18951: 18907: 18902:Links to related articles 18783: 18732: 18675: 18664: 18626:American Zionist Movement 18466: 18373: 18362: 18263: 17959:Armborst-Weihs, Kerstin: 17839:10.1080/14623520601056240 17645:. Oneworld Publications. 17341:Rabkin, Yakov M. (2006). 17266:10.1017/S0364009407000517 16703:Jews and Leftist Politics 16521:Syracuse University Press 16515:Hakohen, Devorah (2003). 16209:Dieckhoff, Alain (2003). 16051:Stanford University Press 16043:Burton, Elise K. (2021). 15859:Abramson, Glenda (2004). 15821:10.1080/13537120701445372 14883:How We Got Here: The '70s 14748:10.1017/S0022278X00016918 14684:– via Project MUSE. 14451:10.1080/13531048508575874 14407:10.1080/00263208608700680 14296:10.1080/00263209008700816 13811:. Hoover Press. pp.  13754:Quigley, John B. (1990). 13679:Columbia University Press 13674:World Orders, Old and New 13590:, Macmillan, 2008, p. 139 13403:January 19, 2018, at the 13009:Great Soviet Encyclopedia 12814:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 12794:South Asia Analysis Group 11723:10.1080/00263200701711754 11205:American Jewish Year Book 11162:Sharfman, Dafnah (1993). 10957:. Rosen Pub. p. 12. 10954:The Arab-Israeli Conflict 10733:. Springer. p. 107. 10684:Hiroaki Kuromiya (2013). 10479:10.1080/00263209808701236 10134:New York University Press 10075:Tessler, Mark A. (1994). 9994:. Routledge. p. 13. 9953:New York University Press 9855:New York University Press 9776:From Fighters to Soldiers 9773:Goldstein, Jacob (1998). 9745:Israel Philatelic Service 9704:10.1080/00263208708700698 9479:10.1080/09668130701377714 9428:10.1017/S0018246X00021415 8970:Brandeis University Press 8914:10.3828/jjs.2024.75.1.137 8902:Journal of Jewish Studies 8736:birth place, Eretz Israel 8638:10.1080/14725880802124164 7583:10.1515/9780822381501-014 7191:10.1017/9781108754613.011 6805:For the Land and the Lord 6418:New York University Press 6264:Gelvin, James L. (2014). 5946:"Biography, by Alex Bein" 5641:Stanford University Press 4808:Jewish American linguist 4656:Madrid Conference of 1991 4394:Holy See–Israel relations 4209:Hindu support for Zionism 4203:American Jewish Committee 4011:Latter Day Saint movement 3306:The Virtue of Nationalism 2502:representative democratic 2261:1949 Armistice Agreements 2239:, the conflict led to an 1365:In 1902, Herzl published 1343:(ZO), renamed in 1960 as 1069:Aliyah § Middle_Ages 944:and the establishment of 935:adopted new, Hebrew names 771:Ingathering of the exiles 763:Jews as the chosen people 72:movement that emerged in 25519:Jewish Agency for Israel 24772:Hof Aza Regional Council 24562:Modern Jewish settlement 24031:Greenlandic independence 22483:Disestablishmentarianism 21746:Christian libertarianism 21654:Christian egalitarianism 21615:Christian anti-communism 18994:Ancient Israel and Judah 18531:Jewish Agency for Israel 18346:Hebraization of surnames 18336:Negation of the Diaspora 18206:at The Graduate Center, 18198:A Follow-Up Debate with 18003:Zionism: A Brief History 17574:Shimoni, Gideon (1995). 17436:10.1177/0032329221999906 17375:Settler Colonial Studies 16094:10.1177/0263276416688544 15952:Rutgers University Press 15919:Avineri, Shlomo (2017). 15741:"Forum on Patrick Wolfe" 15447:"ZNet – Beyond Chutzpah" 13985:Rayner, John D. (1997). 13883:Kassim, Anis F. (2000). 12934:10.1525/jps.2008.37.2.23 12462: 12038:Harvard University Press 11760:10.2979/ISR.1996.1.2.278 11583:Zeigerman, Dror (2013). 11538:second largest employer. 11520:Cornell University Press 11495:Gilbert, Martin (1997). 11433:"Israel - Labor Zionism" 11090:to David Ben-Gurion and 10447:Lamdan, Yitzhak (1927). 10085:Indiana University Press 10040:Rowman & Littlefield 9988:Lilly Weissbrod (2014). 9902:Friedman, Motti (2021). 9814:Hemmingby, Cato (2011). 8618:Halamish, Aviva (2008). 8148:Indiana University Press 8063:10.3389/fgene.2014.00462 7706:Goldberg, David (2009). 7084:New York Review of Books 6910:Arab attitudes to Israel 6721:Indiana University Press 5633:Robinson, Shira (2013). 5565:10.1057/9780230306288_12 5043: 5002:Jewish Agency for Israel 4594:of the exodus and not a 4331:, several states of the 4329:Palestinian nationalists 4270:Timeline of Anti-Zionism 4225:Indian National Congress 4179:Mohammad Amin al-Husayni 4067:Arab support for Zionism 3696:Israeli settler violence 3659:Antimilitarism in Israel 3438:National Religious Party 2862:This article is part of 2389: 2255:and the outbreak of the 1897:Nazism and the Holocaust 1777:Jewish Autonomous Oblast 859:Hebraization of surnames 473:without a national state 37:Not to be confused with 32:Zionism (disambiguation) 22478:American civil religion 22387:Buddhist anti-communism 21700:Protestant Reich Church 21017:Tel Aviv Stock Exchange 19370:North African Sephardim 19343:Jewish tribes of Arabia 18536:Jewish National Council 18496:Zionist General Council 18124:Wigoder, Geoffrey, ed. 18114:(2010, Hebrew, English) 18103:excerpt and text search 18090:Encyclopædia Britannica 18076:excerpt and text search 18061:European History Online 18007:excerpt and text search 17967:European History Online 17935:excerpt and text search 17855:Yadgar, Yaacov (2017). 17818:Wolfe, Patrick (2006). 17668:Oxford University Press 17663:Mythologies Without End 17660:Slater, Jerome (2020). 17514:Oxford University Press 17506:Shapira, Anita (1992). 17460:. Bloomsbury Academic. 17084:American Jewish History 17025:Massad, Joseph (2006). 16498:Oxford University Press 16014:Oxford University Press 15096:10.3167/isr.2016.310207 14666:The Middle East Journal 13942:Jewish Settler Violence 13496:Kertzer, David (2001). 13470:. Tel Aviv. p. 1. 13244:March 18, 2022, at the 12051:Shapira, Anita (2014). 11822:Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin 11214:August 3, 2019, at the 11122:One Palestine, Complete 11050:Mythologies Without End 10499:Study (June 30, 1978): 9667:Encyclopædia Britannica 9631:"Herzl Was the New Jew" 8156:10.2979/ISR.2006.11.3.1 7319:Oxford University Press 7162:Neusner, Jacob (1991). 7147:Pixner, Bargil (2010). 6849:Prior, Michael (1999), 6836:Thomas, Baylis (2011), 6612:Oxford University Press 6465:Oxford University Press 6300:Palestinian nationalism 5501:Oxford University Press 5459:Oxford University Press 5451:Medding, P. Y. (1995). 4962:Palestinian nationalism 4838:Zionism and Colonialism 4640:Israel and South Africa 4316:seriously considered." 3833:and the capture of the 3750:Conservatism portal 3443:Religious Zionist Party 2233:1947–1949 Palestine war 1923:transfer of populations 1838:Inter-Allied Commission 1127:into the 17th century. 1003:concept of the "return" 692:, echoing its beliefs: 297:(which were subject to 135:and in response to the 25315:Gender and nationalism 24761:Judea and Samaria Area 24712:Agriculture technology 24056:Māori protest movement 22329:Hindu environmentalism 22155:Revisionist Maximalism 21634:Christian anti-Zionism 21620:Christian anti-Masonry 21440:Religious anti-Zionism 21435:Religious anti-Masonry 21007:Science and technology 20911:Intelligence Community 20473:Holocaust Encyclopedia 20443:Jewish Virtual Library 18881:Conservatism in Israel 18596:Jewish Party (Romania) 17789:Palestinians in Israel 17424:Politics & Society 16538:Hazony, Yoram (2000). 16345:Finkelstein, Norman G. 16305:Finkelstein, Norman G. 16239:Karsh, Efraim (2000). 16151:Middle Eastern Studies 15684:Arab Studies Quarterly 15179:, Jews against Zionism 14646:William R. Slomanson. 14622:Jewish Virtual Library 14420:Middle Eastern Studies 14394:Middle Eastern Studies 14346:"No Peaceful Solution" 14283:Middle Eastern Studies 14260:Karsh, Efraim (2010). 14066:The Edward Said Reader 13779:Chomsky, Noam (1999). 13548:London Review of Books 13158:"Jews Against Zionism" 12831:"From India with Love" 12611:iran-press-service.com 12137:. 2015. Archived from 12076:Lewis, Donald (2014). 11961:Kemp, Adriana (2004). 11908:Asscher, Omri (2021). 11710:Middle Eastern Studies 11246:"Zionist Philosophies" 11047:Jerome Slater (2020). 11006:Finkelstein, Norman G. 10951:Karsh, Efraim (2009). 10467:Middle Eastern Studies 10311:Arab Studies Quarterly 9692:Middle Eastern Studies 9520:. London: Saqi Books. 9416:The Historical Journal 8560:Fellman, Jack (2011). 7614:Hagit, Lavsky (2002). 7294:Hudson, David (2012). 7081:Israel:The Alternative 6705:Aaronson, Ran (1996). 6607:Prophets Without Honor 6359:Gelvin, James (2007). 5886:Biger, Gideon (2004). 5865:"The preoccupation of 5559:UK. pp. 169–185. 5547:Collins, John (2011). 5368:anticolonial movement" 4858: 4735: 4665:, which took place in 4632:Portuguese colonialism 4467: 4408:First Zionist Congress 4308: 4215:India–Israel relations 4134:al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya 4125: 4044:, both born in Egypt. 4000:Martin Luther King Jr. 3964:Hippolytus Lutostansky 3945:Robert Murray M'Chyene 3897: 3894:Martin Luther King Jr. 3863:Nationalist government 3068: 2979:Anti-Iranian sentiment 2917:Religious conservatism 2873:Conservatism in Israel 2827: 2814: 2780: 2703: 2586: 2354: 2300:exodus of 850,000 Jews 2290: 2288:Operation Magic Carpet 2269:displaced Palestinians 2243:of 711,000 to 957,000 2187: 2136:migrating to Palestine 2115: 2105: 1855: 1841: 1826: 1809: 1807:Paris Peace Conference 1630:Territories considered 1448:Pre-state institutions 1444: 1432: 1426: 1352: 1333:First Zionist Congress 1211: 1179:First Zionist Congress 1063:Forerunners of Zionism 1043:Next year in Jerusalem 879: 816:Israeli-Irish scholar 699: 586:and as an instance of 505: 468: 467:, established in 1948. 307:national consciousness 223:first Zionist congress 62: 55: 25345:National indifference 24682:Arab–Israeli alliance 24665:Arab–Israeli conflict 24523:History of the Levant 24086:Scottish independence 24051:Kashubian Association 23773:Indigenous Australian 22522:Creativity (religion) 22377:Buddhism and politics 22248:Hinduism and politics 21939:Human Rights in Islam 21856:Political Catholicism 21762:Christian peacemaking 21751:Christian nationalism 21693:Positive Christianity 21644:Christian corporatism 21489:Religious segregation 21460:Religious nationalism 20933:Israel Defense Forces 20692:Arab–Israeli conflict 20420:Encyclopaedia Judaica 20202:Sefer Raziel HaMalakh 19387:Sephardic Bnei Anusim 19137:Udmurt and Tatar Jews 18631:Am Yisrael Foundation 18196:Is Zionism in Crisis? 17940:July 8, 2014, at the 17699:10.1515/9783110351637 17557:10.1515/9783110351637 17489:10.1515/9783110351637 17367:Sabbagh-Khoury, Areej 17300:Oneworld Publications 17211:Yale University Press 17096:10.1353/ajh.1998.0002 16701:Jacobs, Jack (2017). 16603:(3). Wiley: 592–609. 16455:Gorni, Yosef (1987). 16438:10.1515/9783110351637 15160:Jews against Zionism. 15140:on November 28, 2010. 15114:May 15, 2011, at the 15084:Israel Studies Review 14951:. September 3, 2001. 14919:. September 4, 2001. 14803:. February 23, 2007. 14624:. November 26, 1938. 14465:. London and Sydney: 14266:Yale University Press 14235:"Were they expelled?" 14204:Le Monde diplomatique 14042:, Putnam, 1961, p. 87 13928:. Verso. p. 124. 13805:Yishai, Yael (1987). 13527:May 21, 2016, at the 13303:May 27, 2024, at the 12978:King-Crane Commission 12843:on September 19, 2012 12790:southasiaanalysis.org 12586:on December 11, 2010. 12386:Jewish News Syndicate 12305:Allam, Magdi (2007). 12265:on February 4, 2017. 12105:Murray, Iain (2014). 11510:Mundlak, Guy (2007). 11358:Jewish Social Studies 11306:June 5, 2023, at the 11146:A Survey of Palestine 10811:May 20, 2014, at the 10529:. February 18, 1947. 10357:(September 1, 1987). 10126:Rovner, Adam (2014). 9781:Sussex Academic Press 8993:Smith, C. D. (2001). 8683:Shohat, Ella (2003). 8049:Frontiers in Genetics 7737:Tesler, Mark (1994). 7575:Duke University Press 6908:Harkabi, Yehoshafat, 6650:Noam Chomsky (1999). 6457:Gamlen, Alan (2019). 6410:Rovner, Adam (2014). 6325:Cohen, Robin (1995). 5683:Jewish Social Studies 4853: 4729: 4465: 4377:Franklin D. Roosevelt 4375:In 1945 US President 4313:King–Crane Commission 4295: 4242:long-oppressed Hindus 4116: 3981:, American President 3915:One of the principal 3892: 3403:Eretz Yisrael Shelanu 2907:Jewish fundamentalism 2822: 2803: 2775: 2745:of the right and the 2696:1948 Arab–Israeli War 2689: 2634:1936 Palestine revolt 2580: 2349: 2285: 2257:1948 Arab–Israeli War 2231:, spiralled into the 2185:1948 Arab-Israeli war 2182: 2110: 2100: 1850: 1831: 1821: 1804: 1797:Mandate for Palestine 1636:Jewish territorialism 1438: 1417: 1227:Moritz Steinschneider 1203: 1194:Pittsburgh Conference 866: 694: 462: 193:ingathering of exiles 68:is an ethno-cultural 49: 25290:Cultural nationalism 25182:National syndicalist 24678:Iran–Israel conflict 24292:Marathi Abhimaangeet 24091:Siberian regionalism 22512:Neopaganist feminism 22407:Buddhist nationalism 22229:World Agudath Israel 22099:Judaism and politics 21959:Islamic anti-Zionism 21954:Islamic anti-Masonry 21686:National Catholicism 21494:Religious separatism 21420:Organized secularism 21379:Engaged Spirituality 21304:Religion in politics 21222:World Heritage Sites 20879:System of government 20646:Second Temple period 18999:Second Temple period 18886:Liberalism in Israel 18861:Zionist antisemitism 18685:Chronology of Aliyah 18571:World Agudath Israel 18521:Jewish National Fund 18081:Simon, Leon (1922). 17639:Shlaim, Avi (2023). 17576:The Zionist Ideology 17033:Taylor & Francis 16735:Simon & Schuster 16657:(November 4, 1923). 16230:Dowty, Alan (2022). 16160:Taylor & Francis 15779:. October 26, 2020. 15777:Developing Economics 15228:on November 15, 2012 15196:The Jewish Chronicle 14833:on January 30, 2012. 14700:jewishvirtuallibrary 14529:Rane, Halim (2010). 14383:. pp. 286, 294. 14245:on August 19, 2014. 14178:on September 5, 2021 14172:www.logosjournal.com 14166:Shavit, Ari (2004). 13860:Geaves, Ron (2004). 13597:, UPNE, 2003, p. 167 13184:on November 20, 2009 13164:on November 21, 2008 11234:on December 6, 2008. 11207:Vol. 45 (1943–1944) 10042:. pp. 240–242. 8207:, pp. 252, 255. 7709:To the Promised Land 7149:Paths of the Messiah 5593:Bloom, Etan (2011). 5493:Gans, Chaim (2008). 5066:cultural nationalism 4972:and aspirations for 4820:"Necessary Illusions 4537:Deir Yassin massacre 4454:Israel and apartheid 4425:Rafael Merry del Val 4194:Islamic anti-Zionism 4036:, and former Muslim 4021:, an Apostle of the 3723:Liberalism in Israel 3532:Kohelet Policy Forum 3481:United Torah Judaism 2897:Conservative Judaism 2743:romantic nationalism 2609:Jewish National Fund 2526:Anglo-Palestine Bank 2522:Jewish National Fund 2518:Jewish National Home 2156:British and American 1868:, which was held in 1503:Anglo-Palestine Bank 1472:Jewish National Fund 1454:Zionist Organization 1443:, Switzerland (1897) 1421:The Jewish Chronicle 1341:Zionist Organization 1256:Mishkenot Sha'ananim 1130:In the 17th century 1080:Zvi Hirsch Kalischer 992:History of Palestine 931:European persecution 904:Second Temple period 744:Zionist Organization 446:religious traditions 276:, while groups like 30:For other uses, see 25509:Political movements 25365:Nationalism studies 24782:Status of Jerusalem 24741:Israeli settlements 24688:Society and economy 24622:Mandatory Palestine 24614:Balfour Declaration 24383:American Indigenous 24016:Free Papua Movement 23426:Balkar and Karachay 23221:Southeastern Europe 22752:Indigenous Canadian 22445:Humanistic Buddhism 22120:Jewish anti-Zionism 21934:Hui pan-nationalism 21829:Liberation theology 21785:Christian socialism 21649:Christian democracy 21639:Christian communism 21610:Christian anarchism 21499:Religious socialism 21445:Religious communism 21430:Religious anarchism 21405:Freedom of religion 20437:Jewish Encyclopedia 20182:Hekhalot literature 19993:Religious movements 19528:Judeo-Tripolitanian 18826:Jewish emancipation 18710:Timeline of Zionism 18695:Balfour Declaration 18326:Gathering of Israel 18117:Urofsky, Melvin I. 17787:White, Ben (2012). 17229:Motyl, Alexander J. 16886:10.1525/luminos.129 16129:. pp. 73–102. 15954:. pp. 99–110. 15728:Sabbagh-Khoury 2022 15670:Sabbagh-Khoury 2022 15423:Bloomsbury Academic 14973:L. Daniel Staetsky 14566:on February 3, 2015 14116:, pp. 231–232. 13609:Perednik, Gustavo. 12766:on October 30, 2017 12756:yaleglobal.yale.edu 12498:. Tawfikhamid.com. 11120:Segev, Tom (2001). 11088:Vladimir Jabotinsky 10841:. January 7, 2015. 10612:avalon.law.yale.edu 10578:, pp. 141–142. 9910:. pp. 239–240. 9828:on January 11, 2024 9467:Europe-Asia Studies 9335:, pp. 210–211. 8461:10.1093/mj/12.2.129 7741:. Bloomington, IN: 7445:on August 20, 2018. 5867:rabbinic literature 5215:[tsijoˈnut] 4992:Gathering of Israel 4802:criticism of Israel 4679:Haredim and Zionism 4647:UN General Assembly 4458:Soviet anti-Zionism 4185:to attack Zionism. 4124:Zionist' movements. 3730:Torat Eretz Yisrael 2972:Anti-Palestinianism 2902:Jewish conservatism 2768:Revisionist Zionism 2762:Revisionist Zionism 2662:Israeli Labor Party 2530:Biltmore Conference 2403: 2165:Morrison–Grady Plan 2132:Holocaust survivors 1934: 1927:White Paper of 1939 1859:President of Israel 1793:Balfour Declaration 1736:and other animals. 1712:Uganda Protectorate 1650:British East Africa 1648:(actually parts of 1513:Isaac Leib Goldberg 1290:Jewish assimilation 972:Timeline of Zionism 920:liturgical language 914:, central texts in 588:settler-colonialism 454:Revisionist Zionism 401:Selbst-Emancipation 335:settler colonialist 287:liberation movement 235:Balfour Declaration 231:Mandatory Palestine 161:British East Africa 25534:Ethnic nationalism 25529:Jewish nationalism 24495:Independent Israel 24428:ethnic nationalism 24131:Welsh independence 24011:Free Aceh Movement 23243:in North Macedonia 23085:South-eastern Asia 22580:Ethnic nationalism 22507:Khalistan movement 22435:Buddhist socialism 22402:Buddhist modernism 22359:Uniform civil code 22061:Political quietism 21923:Islam and politics 21901:Neo-ultramontanism 21875:Sphere sovereignty 21775:Christian republic 21756:Christian pacifism 21722:Christian humanism 21708:Christian feminism 21514:Secular liberalism 21465:Religious pacifism 21450:Religious humanism 21425:Political religion 21134:Standard of living 20578:Judaism portal 20514:Jews and Halloween 20509:Jews and Christmas 19899:Rabbinic authority 19651:Judaeo-Piedmontese 19084:Xueta Christianity 18989:Origins of Judaism 18956:Outline of Judaism 18690:History of Zionism 18188:by Jerry Klinger. 18070:Sachar, Howard M. 17723:. Princeton, NJ.: 16982:Taylor and Francis 16852:. pp. 39–72. 16763:Metropolitan Books 15978:"What is Zionism?" 15373:Native vs. Settler 15189:Sugarman, Daniel. 15151:"What is Zionism?" 14438:Studies in Zionism 14262:Palestine betrayed 14071:Prior, Michael P. 13866:Ashgate Publishing 13664:, pp. 418–419 13260:Diplomatic History 12740:on April 30, 2009. 12560:The Jerusalem Post 12555:"The Zionist Imam" 12258:The New York Times 12030:Sundquist, Eric J. 11849:The New York Times 11098:and the socialist 10769:22.1 (2003): 4–20. 10727:P. Mendes (2014). 10259:Syracuse, New York 9923:, p. 29 (31). 9822:University of Oslo 9600:10.1093/mj/7.2.175 8845:. pp. 10–12. 8766:, Staging Zionism. 8599:, pp. 10, 11. 8124:, p. 100-102. 7763:The New York Times 7455:Wylen, Stephen M. 7370:Berkowitz, Michael 7135:This is Jerusalem, 6228:Pale of Settlement 5896:. pp. 58–63. 5557:Palgrave Macmillan 5106:are permissible.'" 5058:ethnic nationalism 4974:self-determination 4925:Ibrahim Abu-Lughod 4923:, George Jabbour, 4790:Norman Finkelstein 4736: 4619:Partition of India 4569:The exodus of the 4506:, John P. Quigly, 4468: 4406:Shortly after the 4309: 4238:Partition of India 4230:Hindu nationalists 4138:Abdul Hadi Palazzi 4126: 4081:two-state solution 4075:, a cousin of the 3975:David Lloyd George 3923:. His doctrine of 3898: 3853:Non-Jewish support 3818:Atchalta De'Geulah 3718:Politics of Israel 3713:One-state solution 3640:The Jerusalem Post 3041:Jewish supremacism 2781: 2704: 2587: 2400: 2291: 2212:, around Jerusalem 2188: 2128:stateless refugees 2116: 1932: 1842: 1810: 1755:Menachem Ussishkin 1708:Joseph Chamberlain 1445: 1433: 1402:and liberals of th 1400:Bundist socialists 1319:Pale of Settlement 1282:civic emancipation 1212: 1177:, even before the 1175:pre-Zionist Aliyah 966:History of Zionism 950:Eliezer Ben-Yehuda 880: 868:Eliezer Ben-Yehuda 837:Abraham Isaac Kook 806:ethnic-nationalism 697:neutralized in it. 627:on the passing of 625:Madrid peace talks 491:in France and the 469: 442:self-determination 221:, and in 1897 the 215:self-determination 63: 25411: 25410: 25405: 25404: 25350:National question 25310:Gastronationalism 25295:Diaspora politics 25285:Banal nationalism 25254:Nationalist Clubs 24797: 24796: 24792: 24791: 24788: 24787: 24750:International law 24718: 24717: 24704:Development towns 24684: 24651:UN Partition Plan 24587: 24586: 24575:Culture of Israel 24567:History of Israel 24540:The Jewish people 24439: 24438: 24182:Catalan Countries 23786: 23785: 23751: 23750: 23706: 23705: 23570: 23569: 23475: 23474: 23209: 23208: 22827: 22826: 22723: 22722: 22546: 22545: 22542: 22541: 22496: 22458: 22457: 22429: 22422: 22415: 22392:Buddhist feminism 22367: 22366: 22339:Indigenous Aryans 22334:Integral humanism 22313: 22306: 22299: 22292: 22284:Hindu nationalism 22237: 22236: 22206: 22193:Jewish secularism 22157: 22150: 22134:Jewish Autonomism 22128: 22088: 22087: 22080:Two-nation theory 22074: 22040: 22017:Islamic socialism 22001: 21994: 21987: 21964:Islamic democracy 21949:Islamic anarchism 21912: 21911: 21903: 21869: 21834:Maronite politics 21814:Dominion Theology 21804:Christian Zionism 21793: 21764: 21740: 21716: 21702: 21695: 21688: 21681: 21673:Christian fascism 21667: 21628: 21583: 21582: 21549: 21542: 21473: 21415:Identity politics 21399: 21397:Womanist theology 21392: 21384:Feminist theology 21358: 21334: 21270: 21269: 21230: 21229: 21040: 21039: 20960:West Bank barrier 20887: 20886: 20840:Foreign relations 20805: 20804: 20587: 20586: 20553:extinct languages 20454:YIVO Encyclopedia 20229:Hebrew literature 20197:Sefer HaEtz Chaim 20037:Reconstructionist 19715:Judaeo-Portuguese 19404: 19403: 19360:Eastern Sephardim 19004:Synagogal Judaism 18894: 18893: 18821:Jewish Autonomism 18728: 18727: 18680:History of Israel 18656:Birthright Israel 18155:Works related to 18143:Works related to 18026:978-0-231-14611-1 17951:Secondary sources 17893:978-1-108-48894-5 17872:978-1-4384-6535-7 17802:978-0-7453-3228-4 17779:978-0-8101-0345-0 17708:978-3-11-035163-7 17677:978-0-19-045908-6 17652:978-0-86154-464-6 17631:978-0-393-32112-8 17603:978-1-78960-165-7 17566:978-3-11-035163-7 17523:978-0-19-506104-8 17498:978-3-11-035163-7 17467:978-0-8264-1413-7 17363:Rouhana, Nadim N. 17354:978-1-55266-171-0 17333:978-0-8135-7611-4 17318:Penslar, Derek J. 17309:978-1-78074-056-0 17242:978-0-12-227230-1 17220:978-0-300-14524-3 17185:978-0-521-00967-6 17131:978-0-679-74475-7 17067:978-0-262-36669-4 17042:978-1-135-98841-8 16991:978-1-317-54465-4 16977:The Zionist Bible 16923:978-1-84277-761-9 16895:978-0-520-38936-6 16859:978-1-107-04483-8 16842:Rouhana, Nadim N. 16825:978-1-84779-768-1 16797:978-0-307-53085-1 16772:978-1-62779-854-9 16744:978-0-86154-899-6 16716:978-1-108-10757-0 16685:Jabotinsky, Ze'ev 16655:Jabotinsky, Ze'ev 16646:978-1-56025-483-6 16553:978-0-465-02902-0 16530:978-0-8156-2969-6 16507:978-0-19-536198-8 16472:978-0-19-822721-2 16447:978-3-11-035163-7 16404:978-0-06-492104-6 16364:978-1-78478-458-4 16324:978-1-85984-442-7 16284:978-3-319-57345-8 16256:978-1-135-29806-7 16222:978-0-231-12766-0 16136:978-1-107-04483-8 16119:Rouhana, Nadim N. 16060:978-1-5036-1457-4 16023:978-0-19-532542-3 15961:978-0-813-57386-1 15936:978-0-465-09479-0 15904:978-0-226-20142-9 15885:Abu El-Haj, Nadia 15876:978-1-134-42865-6 15844:, pp. 97–98. 15432:978-1-4411-0594-3 15387:978-0-313-31357-8 15344:978-1-4128-1736-3 15027:10.1093/mj/kjh012 14896:978-0-465-04195-4 14859:on March 24, 2009 14702:. July 21, 1946. 14676:on March 13, 2018 14540:978-0-522-85728-3 14330:978-1-136-88432-0 14000:978-1-57181-971-0 13977:978-0-691-12491-9 13970:. pp. 6–11. 13940:Weisburd, David, 13905:Raphael Israeli, 13898:978-90-411-1304-7 13875:978-0-7546-5005-8 13852:978-1-58826-225-7 13831:Rubenberg, Cheryl 13822:978-0-8179-8521-9 13790:978-0-89608-601-2 13771:978-0-8223-1023-5 13726:978-0-7453-1615-4 13692:978-0-231-10157-8 13654:978-0-8156-3109-5 13593:Shimoni, Gideon, 13507:978-0-330-39049-1 13434:978-0-252-06378-7 13208:on March 25, 2009 13124:on April 11, 2010 12895:on April 21, 2016 12648:on August 6, 2009 12567:on June 26, 2020. 12542:. April 26, 2024. 12369:on July 26, 2010. 12342:on March 24, 2008 12320:978-88-04-56777-6 12201:978-0-8308-5368-7 12116:978-1-84871-478-6 12091:978-1-107-63196-0 12062:978-0-297-87158-3 12036:. Cambridge, MA: 11927:10.7202/1075837ar 11733:– via JSTOR 11674:Strenger, Carlo. 11663:on March 4, 2016. 11612:"Liberal Zionism" 11610:Strenger, Carlo. 11599:on April 2, 2015. 11533:978-0-8014-4600-9 11497:Israel: A History 11437:countrystudies.us 11407:978-0-691-00967-4 11289:To Rule Jerusalem 11179:978-0-7656-1941-9 11092:Menahem Ussishkin 11060:978-0-19-045908-6 11021:978-1-935928-77-5 10964:978-1-4042-1842-0 10740:978-1-137-00830-5 10701:978-1-317-86780-7 10374:978-0-582-49380-3 10291:978-0-8052-4341-3 10229:978-0-19-507453-6 10190:978-1-4422-5467-1 10143:978-1-4798-1748-1 10098:978-0-253-20873-6 10049:978-0-7425-4366-9 10001:978-1-135-29386-4 9962:978-0-8147-4017-0 9908:Walter de Gruyter 9864:978-0-8147-4017-0 9676:978-1-59339-491-2 9527:978-0-86356-386-7 9356:978-1-61530-537-7 9107:on March 11, 2015 9004:978-0-312-20828-8 8979:978-1-61168-812-2 8948:978-1-4411-6062-1 8852:978-0-429-70103-0 8575:978-3-11-087910-0 8566:Walter de Gruyter 8501:978-0-415-29813-1 8230:Haddad, Hassan S. 7723:978-0-571-25423-1 7714:Faber & Faber 7629:978-0-8143-3009-8 7592:978-0-8223-8150-1 7504:978-0-486-11961-8 7200:978-1-108-48497-8 7043:978-1-59874-013-4 7010:978-0-521-88222-4 6973:978-0-522-85357-5 6901:Dinstein, Yoram, 6765:Shafir, Gershon, 6663:978-0-7453-1530-0 6621:978-0-19-006047-3 6474:978-0-19-883349-9 6427:978-1-4798-1748-1 6372:978-0-521-88835-6 6348:978-0-521-44405-7 6281:978-1-107-47077-4 6224:French Revolution 6205:978-0-520-95840-1 6165:978-1-4629-0396-2 6150:Shillony, Ben-Ami 5969:978-0-486-25849-2 5903:978-1-135-76652-8 5848:978-90-04-33482-3 5746:978-1-119-18229-0 5650:978-0-804-78802-1 5608:978-90-04-20379-2 5574:978-0-230-30628-8 5518:978-0-19-986717-2 5472:978-0-19-510331-1 5412:Herzl, quoted in 5324:, pp. 37–49) 5203: 5070:civic nationalist 5007:Jewish Autonomism 4997:Golus nationalism 4571:Arab Palestinians 4558:circumspectly." 4521:Saleh Abdel Jawad 4500:Baruch Kimmerling 4416:Civiltà Cattolica 4219:Hindu nationalism 3925:dispensationalism 3921:John Nelson Darby 3879:Christian Zionism 3839:Judea and Samaria 3798: 3797: 3762:Israel portal 2962:Ancestral worship 2855:Religious Zionism 2849:Religious Zionism 2756:liberal democracy 2617:Utopian socialism 2500:is structured on 2494: 2493: 2325:Judea and Samaria 2317:religious Zionism 2245:Palestinian Arabs 2229:communal violence 2175:Post-World War II 2091: 2090: 1846:League of Nations 1678:Maurice de Hirsch 1519:Maurice de Hirsch 1261:Laurence Oliphant 1235:Buffalo, New York 1189:Frankfurt am Main 1161:(1795-1874), and 1113:Ottoman Palestine 1102:Peretz Smolenskin 988:History of Israel 721:ethno-nationalist 709:Race and genetics 580:diaspora politics 517:Ottoman Palestine 414:Auto-Emancipation 405:Self-Emancipation 395:, founder of the 365: 333:ideology or as a 303:national identity 295:indigenous people 254:religious Zionism 207:historic homeland 189:today's Palestine 110:Palestinian Arabs 16:(Redirected from 25541: 25524:1890s neologisms 25514:State ideologies 25499:Jewish movements 25476: 25475: 25464: 25463: 25462: 25452: 25451: 25450: 25440: 25439: 25438: 25428: 25427: 25426: 25419: 25388: 25375:Plurinationalism 25355:National revival 25325:Internationalism 25280:Anti-nationalism 25263:Related concepts 24824: 24817: 24810: 24801: 24800: 24730: 24722: 24721: 24672: 24637: 24629: 24628: 24618:Mandate document 24507: 24506: 24486: 24485: 24466: 24459: 24452: 24443: 24442: 24432: 24317:Republika Srpska 24126:Walloon Movement 24006:Flemish Movement 23579: 23578: 23484: 23483: 23388: 23387: 23218: 23217: 22836: 22835: 22732: 22731: 22600: 22599: 22593: 22592: 22573: 22566: 22559: 22550: 22549: 22529:Personality cult 22492: 22464: 22463: 22450:Secular Buddhism 22440:Engaged Buddhism 22425: 22418: 22411: 22373: 22372: 22324:Hindu revivalism 22319:Hindu revolution 22309: 22302: 22295: 22288: 22243: 22242: 22202: 22198:Jewish socialism 22153: 22146: 22139:Jewish democracy 22124: 22115:Jewish anarchism 22094: 22093: 22070: 22036: 22012:Islamic republic 22007:Islamic pacifism 21997: 21990: 21983: 21974:Islamic feminism 21918: 21917: 21899: 21865: 21789: 21760: 21738:Evangelical left 21736: 21712: 21698: 21691: 21684: 21677: 21663: 21624: 21605:Blaine Amendment 21589: 21588: 21545: 21540:Secular religion 21538: 21509:Secular humanism 21479:Religious police 21469: 21395: 21388: 21356:Clerical fascism 21354: 21330: 21326:Anti-clericalism 21316:General concepts 21312: 21311: 21297: 21290: 21283: 21274: 21273: 21250: 21243: 21202:National symbols 21051: 21050: 20997:Diamond industry 20975: 20974: 20816: 20815: 20736: 20735: 20614: 20607: 20600: 20591: 20590: 20576: 20575: 20574: 20561: 20560: 19693:Judeo-Golpaygani 19294:Palestinian Jews 19269:Alexandrian Jews 19225:Crimean Karaites 19142:Unterlander Jews 19095: 19094: 19009:Rabbinic Judaism 18934: 18927: 18920: 18911: 18910: 18898: 18897: 18871:Zio (pejorative) 18841:Muscular Judaism 18811:New antisemitism 18791:List of Zionists 18745:Independence Day 18673: 18672: 18556:Hashomer Hatzair 18368: 18250: 18243: 18236: 18227: 18226: 18154: 18142: 18094: 18086: 17994:Beller, Steven. 17977:A. B. Masilamani 17929:Herzl, Theodor. 17925:full text online 17919:Herzl, Theodor. 17897: 17876: 17851: 17841: 17814: 17783: 17768:. Evanston, IL: 17760: 17738: 17712: 17681: 17656: 17635: 17607: 17579: 17570: 17539: 17537: 17535: 17502: 17471: 17447: 17418: 17416: 17414: 17358: 17347:. Fernwood Pub. 17337: 17313: 17285: 17246: 17224: 17203:(October 2008). 17196: 17194: 17192: 17174:(2nd ed.). 17161: 17135: 17107: 17078: 17076: 17074: 17046: 17021: 16995: 16967: 16939: 16937: 16935: 16899: 16863: 16829: 16801: 16776: 16748: 16720: 16697: 16695: 16680: 16678: 16676: 16670: 16663: 16650: 16639:. Nation Books. 16628: 16589: 16587: 16585: 16574:The Jewish State 16557: 16534: 16511: 16488: 16486: 16484: 16451: 16420: 16418: 16416: 16380: 16378: 16376: 16340: 16338: 16336: 16300: 16298: 16296: 16260: 16235: 16226: 16205: 16171: 16140: 16106: 16096: 16071: 16069: 16067: 16039: 16037: 16035: 15999: 15997: 15995: 15972: 15970: 15968: 15940: 15915: 15913: 15911: 15880: 15845: 15839: 15833: 15832: 15799: 15793: 15792: 15790: 15788: 15769: 15763: 15762: 15760: 15758: 15737: 15731: 15725: 15719: 15718: 15679: 15673: 15672:, first section. 15667: 15658: 15652: 15646: 15639: 15633: 15627: 15618: 15612: 15603: 15596: 15590: 15584: 15573: 15567: 15556: 15550: 15541: 15535: 15529: 15523: 15517: 15511: 15490: 15484: 15478: 15472: 15463: 15462: 15460: 15458: 15453:on June 25, 2009 15449:. 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Archived from 13730: 13710: 13696: 13658: 13638: 13632: 13626: 13624: 13622: 13617:on July 28, 2017 13606: 13600: 13579:Korey, William, 13575: 13569: 13568: 13566: 13564: 13543:"It can be done" 13538: 13532: 13531:. The Holy land. 13518: 13512: 13511: 13493: 13487: 13486: 13484: 13482: 13476: 13469: 13460: 13451: 13450: 13448: 13446: 13414: 13408: 13395: 13389: 13388: 13386: 13384: 13365: 13359: 13358: 13322: 13316: 13313: 13307: 13292:Asa Winstanley, 13290: 13284: 13283: 13255: 13249: 13235: 13229: 13226: 13220: 13217: 13215: 13213: 13204:. Archived from 13193: 13191: 13189: 13180:. Archived from 13173: 13171: 13169: 13160:. Archived from 13153: 13151: 13149: 13144:on July 13, 2012 13140:. Archived from 13133: 13131: 13129: 13120:. Archived from 13113: 13107: 13106: 13100: 13098: 13066: 13060: 13059: 13053: 13051: 13032: 13026: 13025: 13023: 13021: 13000: 12991: 12971: 12965: 12956: 12950: 12949: 12947: 12945: 12911: 12905: 12904: 12902: 12900: 12885: 12879: 12878: 12876: 12874: 12869:on June 17, 2010 12859: 12853: 12852: 12850: 12848: 12839:. Archived from 12826: 12820: 12819: 12813: 12805: 12803: 12801: 12782: 12776: 12775: 12773: 12771: 12762:. Archived from 12748: 12742: 12741: 12736:. Archived from 12730: 12724: 12723: 12708: 12702: 12696: 12690: 12689: 12687: 12685: 12676:. May 10, 2016. 12664: 12658: 12657: 12655: 12653: 12644:. Archived from 12633: 12627: 12626: 12624: 12622: 12603: 12597: 12594: 12588: 12587: 12582:. Archived from 12575: 12569: 12568: 12563:. Archived from 12550: 12544: 12543: 12532: 12526: 12525: 12518: 12512: 12511: 12509: 12507: 12492: 12486: 12485: 12483: 12481: 12457: 12448: 12442: 12433: 12432: 12430: 12428: 12408: 12402: 12401: 12399: 12397: 12377: 12371: 12370: 12365:. Archived from 12358: 12352: 12351: 12349: 12347: 12336:"Mission/Vision" 12331: 12325: 12324: 12302: 12296: 12295: 12293: 12291: 12276: 12270: 12269: 12261:. Archived from 12248: 12242: 12239: 12233: 12230: 12224: 12221: 12215: 12212: 12206: 12205: 12187: 12181: 12180: 12178: 12176: 12171:on June 29, 2016 12157: 12151: 12150: 12148: 12146: 12141:on June 29, 2016 12127: 12121: 12120: 12107:the Puritan Hope 12102: 12096: 12095: 12073: 12067: 12066: 12053:Israel a history 12048: 12042: 12041: 12026: 12017: 12016: 12008: 12002: 12001: 11973: 11967: 11966: 11958: 11952: 11951: 11929: 11905: 11899: 11898: 11896: 11894: 11872: 11866: 11865: 11863: 11861: 11836: 11830: 11829: 11818: 11812: 11811:1984, pp. 74–75. 11798: 11792: 11786: 11780: 11779: 11741: 11735: 11734: 11704: 11698: 11697: 11695: 11693: 11671: 11665: 11664: 11662: 11649: 11640: 11634: 11633: 11631: 11629: 11607: 11601: 11600: 11598: 11591: 11580: 11574: 11573: 11571: 11569: 11547: 11541: 11540: 11517: 11507: 11501: 11500: 11492: 11486: 11485: 11483: 11481: 11459: 11453: 11452: 11450: 11448: 11429: 11420: 11419: 11389: 11383: 11382: 11365:(3/4): 189–206. 11352: 11346: 11345: 11317: 11311: 11298: 11292: 11286: 11280: 11274: 11268: 11267: 11265: 11263: 11242: 11236: 11235: 11230:. Archived from 11224: 11218: 11202: 11196: 11195: 11193: 11191: 11159: 11153: 11142: 11136: 11135: 11117: 11111: 11083: 11077: 11076: 11074: 11072: 11044: 11038: 11037: 11035: 11033: 11011:Knowing Too Much 11002: 10993: 10987: 10981: 10980: 10978: 10976: 10948: 10942: 10936: 10930: 10924: 10915: 10909: 10903: 10897: 10891: 10885: 10879: 10873: 10867: 10861: 10855: 10854: 10852: 10850: 10831: 10825: 10822: 10816: 10803: 10797: 10796: 10795:on June 4, 2012. 10791:. Archived from 10785: 10779: 10776: 10770: 10763: 10757: 10756: 10754: 10752: 10724: 10718: 10717: 10715: 10713: 10681: 10675: 10674: 10638: 10632: 10631: 10629: 10627: 10604: 10598: 10597: 10585: 10579: 10573: 10567: 10564: 10558: 10557: 10540: 10538: 10517: 10511: 10497: 10491: 10490: 10462: 10453: 10452: 10444: 10438: 10437: 10435: 10433: 10417: 10411: 10410: 10408: 10406: 10385: 10379: 10378: 10351: 10345: 10344: 10326: 10302: 10296: 10295: 10268: 10262: 10252: 10246: 10245: 10243: 10241: 10213: 10207: 10206: 10204: 10202: 10170: 10164: 10163: 10157: 10155: 10123: 10114: 10113: 10107: 10105: 10082: 10072: 10066: 10065: 10063: 10061: 10029: 10018: 10017: 10015: 10013: 9985: 9979: 9978: 9976: 9974: 9942: 9936: 9930: 9924: 9918: 9912: 9911: 9899: 9893: 9887: 9881: 9880: 9878: 9876: 9844: 9838: 9837: 9835: 9833: 9824:. Archived from 9811: 9802: 9801: 9799: 9797: 9770: 9764: 9763: 9761: 9759: 9753: 9738: 9730: 9724: 9723: 9687: 9681: 9680: 9659: 9653: 9652: 9650: 9648: 9626: 9620: 9619: 9583: 9574: 9573: 9545: 9532: 9531: 9513: 9507: 9506: 9462: 9456: 9455: 9422:(4): 1029–1038. 9410: 9404: 9403: 9367: 9361: 9360: 9342: 9336: 9330: 9324: 9323: 9311: 9305: 9288: 9282: 9276: 9265: 9259: 9244: 9238: 9232: 9226: 9220: 9219: 9207: 9201: 9195: 9184: 9183: 9171: 9162: 9156: 9147: 9141: 9132: 9126: 9117: 9116: 9114: 9112: 9103:. Archived from 9093: 9087: 9086: 9084: 9082: 9077:on March 3, 2016 9076: 9070:. Archived from 9065: 9057:Klinger, Jerry. 9054: 9048: 9045: 9039: 9038: 9036: 9034: 9015: 9009: 9008: 8990: 8984: 8983: 8959: 8953: 8952: 8932: 8926: 8925: 8893: 8887: 8886: 8884: 8882: 8863: 8857: 8856: 8832: 8823: 8817: 8811: 8805: 8799: 8793: 8784: 8778: 8767: 8761: 8752: 8745: 8739: 8738: 8732: 8730: 8680: 8674: 8673: 8667: 8665: 8615: 8609: 8606: 8600: 8594: 8588: 8587: 8557: 8551: 8544: 8538: 8532: 8526: 8520: 8514: 8513: 8487: 8481: 8480: 8444: 8438: 8432: 8426: 8420: 8409: 8403: 8376: 8370: 8364: 8358: 8352: 8351: 8349: 8347: 8297: 8291: 8285: 8276: 8275: 8226: 8220: 8214: 8208: 8202: 8196: 8195: 8193: 8191: 8131: 8125: 8119: 8110: 8104: 8098: 8092: 8086: 8085: 8075: 8065: 8036: 8027: 8021: 8015: 8012:Finkelstein 2016 8009: 7998: 7992: 7975: 7972:Finkelstein 2003 7969: 7963: 7957: 7951: 7945: 7939: 7933: 7927: 7921: 7915: 7909: 7900: 7894: 7883: 7877: 7858: 7852: 7843: 7837: 7828: 7822: 7805: 7799: 7788: 7787: 7785: 7783: 7753: 7747: 7746: 7734: 7728: 7727: 7703: 7697: 7691: 7685: 7679: 7673: 7667: 7661: 7655: 7646: 7640: 7634: 7633: 7611: 7605: 7604: 7566: 7560: 7554: 7537: 7531: 7525: 7524: 7518: 7516: 7494:The Jewish State 7485: 7479: 7478: 7466: 7460: 7453: 7447: 7446: 7444: 7438:. Archived from 7428:Semantic Scholar 7425: 7416: 7410: 7404: 7393: 7387: 7378: 7377: 7362: 7356: 7350: 7327: 7326: 7310: 7304: 7303: 7291: 7285: 7284: 7282: 7280: 7263: 7257: 7256: 7250: 7248: 7230: 7224: 7223: 7222: 7220: 7174: 7168: 7167: 7159: 7153: 7152: 7144: 7138: 7132: 7126: 7123:Finkelstein 2003 7120: 7111: 7093: 7087: 7069: 7063: 7059: 7057: 7055: 7026: 7024: 7022: 6989: 6987: 6985: 6948: 6942: 6921: 6915: 6866: 6857: 6854: 6845: 6789:Prior, Michael, 6761: 6750: 6743: 6737: 6736: 6734: 6732: 6702: 6696: 6686: 6680: 6679: 6677: 6675: 6653:Fateful Triangle 6647: 6641: 6637: 6635: 6633: 6579: 6573: 6567: 6550: 6544: 6538: 6537: 6508:(2/3): 285–306. 6497: 6491: 6490: 6488: 6486: 6454: 6448: 6447: 6441: 6439: 6407: 6398: 6394:, pp. 10–11 6388: 6386: 6384: 6355: 6332: 6319: 6313: 6309: 6295: 6293: 6260: 6219: 6217: 6184: 6179: 6177: 6143: 6137: 6136: 6134: 6132: 6111: 6105: 6078: 6072: 5998: 5989: 5985: 5983: 5981: 5956:The Jewish state 5931: 5880: 5874: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5832: 5826: 5810: 5808: 5806: 5797:. Archived from 5795:Oxford Reference 5784: 5778: 5777: 5775: 5773: 5758: 5749: 5725:Ze'ev Jabotinsky 5721: 5715: 5714: 5677: 5668: 5664: 5629: 5589: 5583: 5581: 5541: 5535: 5534: 5532: 5530: 5490: 5484: 5483: 5481: 5479: 5448: 5442: 5436: 5416: 5410: 5404: 5398: 5392: 5384: 5378: 5375: 5369: 5365: 5359: 5355: 5349: 5343: 5337: 5331: 5325: 5318: 5312: 5306: 5300: 5296: 5290: 5286: 5280: 5277: 5271: 5268: 5262: 5259: 5253: 5250: 5244: 5237: 5231: 5224: 5218: 5217: 5212: 5208: 5198: 5196: 5185: 5180: 5179: 5176: 5175: 5172: 5169: 5166: 5163: 5160: 5157: 5154: 5151: 5142: 5130: 5126: 5120: 5113: 5107: 5103: 5097: 5090: 5084: 5079: 5073: 5060:or as a form of 5054: 5032:Zio (pejorative) 5017:Muscular Judaism 5012:List of Zionists 4830:new antisemitism 4768:New Antisemitism 4752:Jewish Chronicle 4702:Edah HaChareidis 4686:secular movement 4579:ethnic cleansing 4512:Cheryl Rubenberg 4488:Gustavo Perednik 4339:, some secular, 4296:The Palestinian 4280:New Antisemitism 4046:Brigitte Gabriel 3960:Russian Orthodox 3790: 3783: 3776: 3760: 3759: 3758: 3748: 3747: 3746: 3664:Non-conscription 3569:Manhigut Yehudit 3386:Yisrael Beiteinu 3321: 3311: 3301: 3073: 2884: 2874: 2859: 2858: 2812: 2785:Ze'ev Jabotinsky 2777:Ze'ev Jabotinsky 2682:General Zionists 2638:Irgun Zvai Leumi 2626:Orthodox Judaism 2561:Israeli politics 2537:Zionist Congress 2512:Until 1917, the 2404: 2399: 2396:Types of Zionism 2376:ethnic cleansing 2304:One Million Plan 2265:a series of laws 2210:Corpus separatum 2124:One Million Plan 2112:David Ben-Gurion 1935: 1931: 1525:Moses Montefiore 1466:Palestine Office 1460:Zionist Congress 1456:(ZO), est. 1897 1431: 1357: 1312:Autoemancipation 1242:Moses Montefiore 892:Semitic language 748:Ze'ev Jabotinsky 670:1936 Arab Revolt 629:Resolution 46/86 604:Autoemancipation 592:Ze'ev Jabotinsky 555:David Ben-Gurion 513:The Jewish State 510: 497:Austro-Hungarian 427:Types of Zionism 370: 360: 358: 274:cultural Zionism 200: 159:" (then part of 60: 21: 18:Zionist Movement 25549: 25548: 25544: 25543: 25542: 25540: 25539: 25538: 25484: 25483: 25482: 25470: 25460: 25458: 25448: 25446: 25436: 25434: 25424: 25422: 25414: 25412: 25407: 25406: 25401: 25382: 25340:Nation-building 25258: 25237: 24909: 24833: 24828: 24798: 24793: 24784: 24780: 24770: 24759: 24744: 24731: 24714: 24690: 24685: 24662: 24658: 24648: 24638: 24625: 24595: 24583: 24543: 24537: 24515: 24479: 24470: 24440: 24435: 24417: 24409: 24361: 24297:Northern Epirus 24267:Ketuanan Melayu 24135: 24021:Future of Åland 23959: 23895:Native American 23792:Pan-nationalism 23782: 23747: 23711:Northern Europe 23702: 23636: 23595: 23575:Southern Europe 23566: 23525: 23471: 23450: 23414: 23379: 23306: 23205: 23174: 23126: 23080: 22995: 22922: 22823: 22792: 22771: 22762:Native American 22719: 22708:Southern Africa 22703: 22682: 22646: 22588: 22582: 22577: 22547: 22538: 22469: 22454: 22378: 22363: 22279:Hindu modernism 22250: 22233: 22178:Jewish pacifism 22163:Jewish feminism 22143:Jewish fascism 22101: 22084: 22027:Islamic Zionism 21969:Islamic fascism 21925: 21908: 21799:Christian state 21780:Christian right 21714:Mormon feminism 21596: 21579: 21364:Confessionalism 21317: 21306: 21301: 21271: 21266: 21253: 21246: 21239: 21226: 21207:Public holidays 21148: 21036: 20964: 20883: 20801: 20725: 20680:British mandate 20627: 20618: 20588: 20583: 20572: 20570: 20542: 20368: 20233: 20105: 19979: 19873: 19688:Judeo-Borujerdi 19663:Judeo-Malayalam 19609:Judeo-Aragonese 19580:Lishanid Noshan 19412: 19400: 19132:Oberlander Jews 19093: 19023: 18965: 18947: 18938: 18903: 18895: 18890: 18779: 18724: 18669: 18667: 18660: 18651:Nefesh B'Nefesh 18566:HaNoar HaTzioni 18462: 18369: 18360: 18259: 18254: 18204:Alan Dershowitz 18190:Jewish Magazine 18180:Wayback Machine 18135: 18084:"Zionism"  18053:Kloke, Martin: 17942:Wayback Machine 17911:Primary sources 17905: 17903:Further reading 17900: 17894: 17873: 17803: 17780: 17752:New Left Review 17743:Sternhell, Zeev 17735: 17717:Sternhell, Zeev 17709: 17678: 17653: 17632: 17604: 17567: 17533: 17531: 17524: 17499: 17468: 17412: 17410: 17355: 17334: 17310: 17243: 17221: 17190: 17188: 17186: 17158: 17132: 17072: 17070: 17068: 17043: 17018: 16992: 16964: 16933: 16931: 16924: 16896: 16860: 16834:Lustick, Ian S. 16826: 16798: 16773: 16753:Khalidi, Rashid 16745: 16725:Khalidi, Rashid 16717: 16693: 16674: 16672: 16668: 16661: 16659:"The Iron Wall" 16647: 16583: 16581: 16554: 16531: 16508: 16482: 16480: 16473: 16463:Clarendon Press 16448: 16414: 16412: 16405: 16374: 16372: 16365: 16334: 16332: 16325: 16294: 16292: 16285: 16257: 16223: 16137: 16065: 16063: 16061: 16033: 16031: 16024: 16004:Ben-Ami, Shlomo 15993: 15991: 15966: 15964: 15962: 15937: 15909: 15907: 15905: 15877: 15854: 15849: 15848: 15840: 15836: 15800: 15796: 15786: 15784: 15771: 15770: 15766: 15756: 15754: 15739: 15738: 15734: 15726: 15722: 15680: 15676: 15668: 15661: 15653: 15649: 15640: 15636: 15628: 15621: 15613: 15606: 15597: 15593: 15585: 15576: 15568: 15559: 15551: 15544: 15536: 15532: 15524: 15520: 15512: 15493: 15485: 15481: 15473: 15466: 15456: 15454: 15445: 15444: 15440: 15433: 15415: 15411: 15397: 15395: 15388: 15378:Greenwood Press 15368: 15364: 15354: 15352: 15345: 15329: 15325: 15315: 15313: 15309: 15302: 15298: 15297: 15293: 15283: 15281: 15264: 15260: 15245: 15241: 15231: 15229: 15216: 15215: 15211: 15201: 15199: 15187: 15183: 15177:Wayback Machine 15168: 15164: 15158:Wayback Machine 15149: 15145: 15128: 15127: 15123: 15116:Wayback Machine 15107: 15103: 15090:(2): 101–129 . 15080: 15076: 15066: 15064: 15054: 15050: 15011: 15007: 14990: 14986: 14972: 14968: 14958: 14956: 14941: 14940: 14936: 14926: 14924: 14909: 14908: 14904: 14897: 14889:. p. 320. 14876: 14872: 14862: 14860: 14843: 14842: 14838: 14825: 14824: 14820: 14810: 14808: 14793: 14792: 14788: 14778: 14776: 14759: 14755: 14732: 14728: 14723: 14719: 14709: 14707: 14694: 14693: 14689: 14679: 14677: 14658: 14654: 14645: 14641: 14631: 14629: 14616: 14615: 14611: 14601: 14599: 14584: 14583: 14579: 14569: 14567: 14552: 14548: 14541: 14527: 14523: 14515: 14511: 14507: 14493:10.2307/2536718 14367: 14363: 14358:on May 7, 2006. 14355: 14348: 14342: 14338: 14331: 14315: 14311: 14277: 14273: 14258: 14254: 14228: 14224: 14214: 14212: 14195: 14191: 14181: 14179: 14164: 14160: 14150: 14148: 14131: 14127: 14117: 14112: 14108: 14095: 14091: 14058: 14054: 14001: 13978: 13937: 13933: 13919: 13915: 13899: 13876: 13853: 13823: 13791: 13772: 13744: 13742: 13733: 13727: 13693: 13655: 13639: 13635: 13620: 13618: 13607: 13603: 13576: 13572: 13562: 13560: 13539: 13535: 13529:Wayback Machine 13519: 13515: 13508: 13494: 13490: 13480: 13478: 13474: 13467: 13461: 13454: 13444: 13442: 13435: 13427:. p. 225. 13415: 13411: 13405:Wayback Machine 13396: 13392: 13382: 13380: 13367: 13366: 13362: 13323: 13319: 13314: 13310: 13305:Wayback Machine 13291: 13287: 13256: 13252: 13246:Wayback Machine 13236: 13232: 13227: 13223: 13211: 13209: 13196: 13187: 13185: 13176: 13167: 13165: 13156: 13147: 13145: 13136: 13127: 13125: 13116: 13114: 13110: 13096: 13094: 13067: 13063: 13049: 13047: 13034: 13033: 13029: 13019: 13017: 13002: 13001: 12994: 12989:Wayback Machine 12972: 12968: 12957: 12953: 12943: 12941: 12912: 12908: 12898: 12896: 12887: 12886: 12882: 12872: 12870: 12861: 12860: 12856: 12846: 12844: 12827: 12823: 12807: 12806: 12799: 12797: 12784: 12783: 12779: 12769: 12767: 12760:Yale University 12750: 12749: 12745: 12732: 12731: 12727: 12709: 12705: 12697: 12693: 12683: 12681: 12666: 12665: 12661: 12651: 12649: 12634: 12630: 12620: 12618: 12605: 12604: 12600: 12595: 12591: 12576: 12572: 12551: 12547: 12534: 12533: 12529: 12520: 12519: 12515: 12505: 12503: 12494: 12493: 12489: 12479: 12477: 12464: 12458: 12451: 12443: 12436: 12426: 12424: 12409: 12405: 12395: 12393: 12378: 12374: 12359: 12355: 12345: 12343: 12332: 12328: 12321: 12303: 12299: 12289: 12287: 12286:on July 7, 2010 12278: 12277: 12273: 12249: 12245: 12240: 12236: 12231: 12227: 12222: 12218: 12213: 12209: 12202: 12188: 12184: 12174: 12172: 12165:American Vision 12159: 12158: 12154: 12144: 12142: 12129: 12128: 12124: 12117: 12103: 12099: 12092: 12084:. p. 380. 12074: 12070: 12063: 12049: 12045: 12027: 12020: 12009: 12005: 11974: 11970: 11959: 11955: 11906: 11902: 11892: 11890: 11873: 11869: 11859: 11857: 11837: 11833: 11819: 11815: 11799: 11795: 11789:Jabotinsky 1923 11787: 11783: 11742: 11738: 11705: 11701: 11691: 11689: 11672: 11668: 11660: 11647: 11641: 11637: 11627: 11625: 11608: 11604: 11596: 11589: 11581: 11577: 11567: 11565: 11548: 11544: 11534: 11508: 11504: 11493: 11489: 11479: 11477: 11460: 11456: 11446: 11444: 11431: 11430: 11423: 11408: 11390: 11386: 11353: 11349: 11318: 11314: 11308:Wayback Machine 11299: 11295: 11287: 11283: 11275: 11271: 11261: 11259: 11244: 11243: 11239: 11226: 11225: 11221: 11216:Wayback Machine 11203: 11199: 11189: 11187: 11180: 11160: 11156: 11143: 11139: 11132: 11118: 11114: 11084: 11080: 11070: 11068: 11061: 11045: 11041: 11031: 11029: 11022: 11003: 10996: 10988: 10984: 10974: 10972: 10965: 10949: 10945: 10937: 10933: 10925: 10918: 10910: 10906: 10898: 10894: 10886: 10882: 10874: 10870: 10862: 10858: 10848: 10846: 10833: 10832: 10828: 10823: 10819: 10813:Wayback Machine 10804: 10800: 10787: 10786: 10782: 10777: 10773: 10764: 10760: 10750: 10748: 10741: 10725: 10721: 10711: 10709: 10702: 10694:. p. 193. 10682: 10678: 10639: 10635: 10625: 10623: 10616:Yale Law School 10606: 10605: 10601: 10586: 10582: 10574: 10570: 10565: 10561: 10550: 10544: 10536: 10534: 10519: 10518: 10514: 10508:Wayback Machine 10498: 10494: 10463: 10456: 10445: 10441: 10431: 10429: 10418: 10414: 10404: 10402: 10394:State of Israel 10387: 10386: 10382: 10375: 10352: 10348: 10303: 10299: 10292: 10269: 10265: 10253: 10249: 10239: 10237: 10230: 10214: 10210: 10200: 10198: 10191: 10171: 10167: 10153: 10151: 10144: 10124: 10117: 10103: 10101: 10099: 10073: 10069: 10059: 10057: 10050: 10030: 10021: 10011: 10009: 10002: 9986: 9982: 9972: 9970: 9963: 9943: 9939: 9931: 9927: 9919: 9915: 9900: 9896: 9888: 9884: 9874: 9872: 9865: 9845: 9841: 9831: 9829: 9812: 9805: 9795: 9793: 9791: 9771: 9767: 9757: 9755: 9751: 9736: 9732: 9731: 9727: 9688: 9684: 9677: 9661: 9660: 9656: 9646: 9644: 9627: 9623: 9584: 9577: 9546: 9535: 9528: 9514: 9510: 9463: 9459: 9411: 9407: 9384:10.2307/2535926 9368: 9364: 9357: 9343: 9339: 9331: 9327: 9317: 9312: 9308: 9298:Wayback Machine 9289: 9285: 9277: 9268: 9260: 9247: 9239: 9235: 9227: 9223: 9213: 9208: 9204: 9196: 9187: 9177: 9172: 9165: 9157: 9150: 9142: 9135: 9127: 9120: 9110: 9108: 9095: 9094: 9090: 9080: 9078: 9074: 9063: 9055: 9051: 9046: 9042: 9032: 9030: 9017: 9016: 9012: 9005: 8991: 8987: 8980: 8960: 8956: 8949: 8933: 8929: 8894: 8890: 8880: 8878: 8865: 8864: 8860: 8853: 8833: 8826: 8818: 8814: 8806: 8802: 8794: 8787: 8779: 8770: 8762: 8755: 8746: 8742: 8728: 8726: 8681: 8677: 8663: 8661: 8616: 8612: 8607: 8603: 8595: 8591: 8576: 8558: 8554: 8545: 8541: 8537:, pp. 104. 8533: 8529: 8521: 8517: 8502: 8488: 8484: 8445: 8441: 8433: 8429: 8421: 8412: 8404: 8379: 8373:Abu El-Haj 2012 8371: 8367: 8359: 8355: 8345: 8343: 8298: 8294: 8286: 8279: 8252:10.2307/2535451 8227: 8223: 8215: 8211: 8203: 8199: 8189: 8187: 8133: 8132: 8128: 8120: 8113: 8107:Abu El-Haj 2012 8105: 8101: 8093: 8089: 8037: 8030: 8022: 8018: 8010: 8001: 7993: 7978: 7970: 7966: 7958: 7954: 7946: 7942: 7934: 7930: 7922: 7918: 7910: 7903: 7895: 7886: 7878: 7861: 7853: 7846: 7838: 7831: 7823: 7808: 7800: 7791: 7781: 7779: 7754: 7750: 7735: 7731: 7724: 7704: 7700: 7692: 7688: 7682:Jabotinsky 1923 7680: 7676: 7668: 7664: 7656: 7649: 7641: 7637: 7630: 7622:. p. 222. 7612: 7608: 7593: 7577:. p. 305. 7567: 7563: 7555: 7540: 7532: 7528: 7514: 7512: 7505: 7486: 7482: 7472: 7467: 7463: 7454: 7450: 7442: 7423: 7417: 7413: 7405: 7396: 7388: 7381: 7366:Roshwald, Aviel 7363: 7359: 7351: 7330: 7311: 7307: 7292: 7288: 7278: 7276: 7265: 7264: 7260: 7246: 7244: 7231: 7227: 7218: 7216: 7201: 7175: 7171: 7160: 7156: 7145: 7141: 7133: 7129: 7121: 7114: 7110: 7105:Jabotinsky 1923 7094: 7090: 7086:23 October 2003 7070: 7066: 7062: 7053: 7051: 7044: 7020: 7018: 7011: 6983: 6981: 6974: 6949: 6945: 6940:Huffington Post 6936:Wayback Machine 6922: 6918: 6867: 6860: 6842:Lexington Books 6762: 6753: 6744: 6740: 6730: 6728: 6703: 6699: 6695:. S. Ilan Troen 6687: 6683: 6673: 6671: 6664: 6656:. Pluto Press. 6648: 6644: 6640: 6631: 6629: 6622: 6602:Ben-Ami, Shlomo 6580: 6576: 6568: 6553: 6545: 6541: 6498: 6494: 6484: 6482: 6475: 6455: 6451: 6437: 6435: 6428: 6408: 6401: 6397: 6382: 6380: 6373: 6349: 6320: 6316: 6312: 6291: 6289: 6282: 6215: 6213: 6206: 6198:. p. 211. 6175: 6173: 6166: 6144: 6140: 6130: 6128: 6113: 6112: 6108: 6104: 6079: 6075: 6071: 5999: 5992: 5988: 5979: 5977: 5970: 5904: 5881: 5877: 5858: 5856: 5849: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5804: 5802: 5801:on June 1, 2024 5789: 5785: 5781: 5771: 5769: 5760: 5759: 5752: 5722: 5718: 5678: 5671: 5667: 5661:Berl Katznelson 5651: 5609: 5579: 5577: 5575: 5542: 5538: 5528: 5526: 5519: 5491: 5487: 5477: 5475: 5473: 5449: 5445: 5437: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5419: 5411: 5407: 5399: 5395: 5385: 5381: 5376: 5372: 5366: 5362: 5356: 5352: 5344: 5340: 5332: 5328: 5322:Jabotinsky 1961 5319: 5315: 5307: 5303: 5297: 5293: 5287: 5283: 5278: 5274: 5269: 5265: 5260: 5256: 5251: 5247: 5238: 5234: 5225: 5221: 5210: 5183: 5148: 5144: 5143: 5139: 5134: 5133: 5127: 5123: 5114: 5110: 5104: 5100: 5091: 5087: 5082: 5080: 5076: 5055: 5051: 5046: 5041: 4982: 4929:Rosemary Sayigh 4921:Maxime Rodinson 4897: 4891: 4851:relationship: 4840: 4770: 4762:Main articles: 4760: 4721:Modern Orthodox 4717:Joel Teitelbaum 4681: 4675: 4516:Isaac Deutscher 4460: 4446: 4404: 4392:Main articles: 4390: 4362:neo-colonialism 4307:peacefully...". 4290: 4272: 4264:Main articles: 4262: 4221: 4213:Main articles: 4211: 4111: 4105: 4069: 4030:Arab Christians 3887: 3881: 3875: 3855: 3794: 3756: 3754: 3744: 3742: 3735: 3734: 3654: 3646: 3645: 3582: 3574: 3573: 3499: 3491: 3490: 3461: 3453: 3452: 3423:The Jewish Home 3333: 3325: 3324: 3319: 3309: 3299: 3290: 3282: 3281: 3207: 3199: 3198: 3144: 3136: 3135: 3111:Property rights 2952: 2944: 2943: 2892: 2872: 2857: 2851: 2813: 2811:Zeev Jabotinsky 2810: 2770: 2764: 2684: 2678: 2676:Liberal Zionism 2581:Israeli author 2575: 2569: 2462:United Kingdom 2407:Country/Region 2398: 2392: 2363: 2313: 2177: 1919:Peel Commission 1899: 1799: 1791:Main articles: 1789: 1742:Israel Zangwill 1674:Sinai Peninsula 1642: 1634:Main articles: 1632: 1540: 1495: 1450: 1388: 1307: 1269: 1246:Edgardo Mortara 1223:Abraham Benisch 1171: 1144:Avignon, France 1071: 1065: 1052:Kibbutz Galuyot 998: 980: 975: 968: 962: 861: 851: 845: 830:Bedřich Smetana 797: 788: 717: 711: 703:Jewish Question 678: 642: 637: 621:Resolution 3379 609:Jewish identity 564:Hebrew calendar 477:Jewish diaspora 465:State of Israel 429: 423: 393:Nathan Birnbaum 385:Hebrew language 343: 319:ancient history 243:State of Israel 198:kibbutz galuyot 185:Sinai Peninsula 163:, and today in 114:State of Israel 90:Jewish homeland 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 25547: 25537: 25536: 25531: 25526: 25521: 25516: 25511: 25506: 25504:Land of Israel 25501: 25496: 25481: 25480: 25468: 25456: 25444: 25432: 25409: 25408: 25403: 25402: 25400: 25399: 25397:State-building 25394: 25389: 25377: 25372: 25370:Natural border 25367: 25362: 25357: 25352: 25347: 25342: 25337: 25332: 25327: 25322: 25317: 25312: 25307: 25305:Exceptionalism 25302: 25300:Eliminationism 25297: 25292: 25287: 25282: 25277: 25272: 25266: 25264: 25260: 25259: 25257: 25256: 25251: 25245: 25243: 25239: 25238: 25236: 25235: 25230: 25225: 25220: 25215: 25210: 25205: 25204: 25203: 25202: 25201: 25191: 25190: 25189: 25179: 25169: 25164: 25163: 25162: 25161: 25160: 25150: 25145: 25144: 25143: 25138: 25133: 25118: 25117: 25116: 25111: 25106: 25101: 25096: 25091: 25081: 25076: 25071: 25066: 25061: 25056: 25051: 25046: 25045: 25044: 25034: 25029: 25024: 25023: 25022: 25012: 25007: 25002: 24997: 24992: 24987: 24982: 24977: 24972: 24971: 24970: 24965: 24960: 24950: 24949: 24948: 24938: 24933: 24928: 24923: 24917: 24915: 24911: 24910: 24908: 24907: 24902: 24897: 24892: 24887: 24882: 24877: 24872: 24867: 24862: 24857: 24852: 24847: 24841: 24839: 24835: 24834: 24827: 24826: 24819: 24812: 24804: 24795: 24794: 24790: 24789: 24786: 24785: 24777:East Jerusalem 24734: 24732: 24725: 24719: 24716: 24715: 24642: 24641: 24639: 24632: 24626: 24588: 24585: 24584: 24582: 24581: 24564: 24559: 24549: 24536: 24535: 24530: 24525: 24511: 24510: 24503: 24502: 24497: 24492: 24490:Land of Israel 24484: 24481: 24480: 24477:Land of Israel 24469: 24468: 24461: 24454: 24446: 24437: 24436: 24434: 24433: 24414: 24411: 24410: 24408: 24407: 24406: 24405: 24400: 24395: 24390: 24385: 24375: 24369: 24367: 24363: 24362: 24360: 24359: 24354: 24349: 24344: 24339: 24334: 24329: 24324: 24319: 24314: 24309: 24304: 24299: 24294: 24289: 24284: 24279: 24274: 24269: 24264: 24259: 24254: 24252:Karakalpakstan 24249: 24244: 24239: 24234: 24232:East Turkestan 24229: 24224: 24219: 24214: 24209: 24204: 24199: 24194: 24189: 24184: 24179: 24174: 24169: 24164: 24159: 24154: 24149: 24143: 24141: 24137: 24136: 24134: 24133: 24128: 24123: 24118: 24113: 24108: 24103: 24098: 24093: 24088: 24083: 24078: 24073: 24068: 24063: 24058: 24053: 24048: 24043: 24038: 24033: 24028: 24023: 24018: 24013: 24008: 24003: 23998: 23993: 23988: 23983: 23978: 23973: 23967: 23965: 23961: 23960: 23958: 23957: 23952: 23947: 23942: 23937: 23932: 23927: 23922: 23917: 23912: 23907: 23902: 23897: 23892: 23887: 23882: 23877: 23872: 23867: 23862: 23857: 23852: 23847: 23842: 23837: 23832: 23827: 23822: 23817: 23812: 23807: 23802: 23796: 23794: 23788: 23787: 23784: 23783: 23781: 23780: 23775: 23770: 23765: 23759: 23757: 23753: 23752: 23749: 23748: 23746: 23745: 23740: 23735: 23730: 23725: 23720: 23714: 23712: 23708: 23707: 23704: 23703: 23701: 23700: 23695: 23690: 23685: 23680: 23675: 23670: 23665: 23660: 23655: 23650: 23644: 23642: 23638: 23637: 23635: 23634: 23629: 23624: 23619: 23614: 23609: 23603: 23601: 23597: 23596: 23594: 23593: 23588: 23582: 23576: 23572: 23571: 23568: 23567: 23565: 23564: 23559: 23554: 23549: 23544: 23539: 23533: 23531: 23530:United Kingdom 23527: 23526: 23524: 23523: 23518: 23513: 23508: 23503: 23498: 23493: 23487: 23481: 23480:Western Europe 23477: 23476: 23473: 23472: 23470: 23469: 23464: 23458: 23456: 23452: 23451: 23449: 23448: 23443: 23438: 23433: 23428: 23422: 23420: 23419:North Caucasus 23416: 23415: 23413: 23412: 23407: 23402: 23397: 23391: 23385: 23384:Eastern Europe 23381: 23380: 23378: 23377: 23372: 23367: 23362: 23357: 23352: 23351: 23350: 23345: 23335: 23330: 23325: 23320: 23314: 23312: 23311:Central Europe 23308: 23307: 23305: 23304: 23299: 23294: 23292:Romani (Gypsy) 23289: 23284: 23279: 23274: 23273: 23272: 23262: 23257: 23252: 23247: 23246: 23245: 23240: 23235: 23224: 23222: 23215: 23211: 23210: 23207: 23206: 23204: 23203: 23198: 23193: 23188: 23182: 23180: 23179:South Caucasus 23176: 23175: 23173: 23172: 23167: 23162: 23157: 23152: 23151: 23150: 23148:South Mongolia 23140: 23134: 23132: 23128: 23127: 23125: 23124: 23119: 23114: 23109: 23104: 23099: 23094: 23088: 23086: 23082: 23081: 23079: 23078: 23073: 23072: 23071: 23061: 23056: 23051: 23046: 23041: 23036: 23031: 23026: 23021: 23020: 23019: 23009: 23003: 23001: 22997: 22996: 22994: 22993: 22988: 22983: 22978: 22973: 22968: 22963: 22958: 22953: 22952: 22951: 22941: 22936: 22930: 22928: 22924: 22923: 22921: 22920: 22915: 22914: 22913: 22903: 22898: 22893: 22888: 22883: 22878: 22877: 22876: 22871: 22863: 22858: 22853: 22848: 22842: 22840: 22833: 22829: 22828: 22825: 22824: 22822: 22821: 22816: 22811: 22806: 22800: 22798: 22794: 22793: 22791: 22790: 22785: 22779: 22777: 22773: 22772: 22770: 22769: 22764: 22759: 22754: 22749: 22744: 22738: 22736: 22729: 22725: 22724: 22721: 22720: 22718: 22717: 22711: 22709: 22705: 22704: 22702: 22701: 22696: 22690: 22688: 22684: 22683: 22681: 22680: 22675: 22670: 22665: 22660: 22654: 22652: 22648: 22647: 22645: 22644: 22639: 22634: 22633: 22632: 22622: 22617: 22612: 22606: 22604: 22597: 22590: 22584: 22583: 22576: 22575: 22568: 22561: 22553: 22544: 22543: 22540: 22539: 22537: 22536: 22531: 22526: 22525: 22524: 22514: 22509: 22504: 22499: 22498: 22497: 22485: 22480: 22474: 22471: 22470: 22460: 22459: 22456: 22455: 22453: 22452: 22447: 22442: 22437: 22432: 22431: 22430: 22423: 22416: 22404: 22399: 22394: 22389: 22383: 22380: 22379: 22369: 22368: 22365: 22364: 22362: 22361: 22356: 22351: 22349:Saffronisation 22346: 22341: 22336: 22331: 22326: 22321: 22316: 22315: 22314: 22307: 22300: 22293: 22281: 22276: 22271: 22266: 22264:Hindu feminism 22261: 22255: 22252: 22251: 22239: 22238: 22235: 22234: 22232: 22231: 22226: 22225: 22224: 22214: 22209: 22208: 22207: 22195: 22190: 22185: 22180: 22175: 22170: 22165: 22160: 22159: 22158: 22151: 22141: 22136: 22131: 22130: 22129: 22117: 22112: 22110:Halachic state 22106: 22103: 22102: 22090: 22089: 22086: 22085: 22083: 22082: 22077: 22076: 22075: 22072:Talibanization 22063: 22058: 22053: 22048: 22043: 22042: 22041: 22029: 22024: 22019: 22014: 22009: 22004: 22003: 22002: 21995: 21988: 21976: 21971: 21966: 21961: 21956: 21951: 21946: 21941: 21936: 21930: 21927: 21926: 21914: 21913: 21910: 21909: 21907: 21906: 21905: 21904: 21895:Ultramontanism 21892: 21887: 21885:Temporal power 21882: 21877: 21872: 21871: 21870: 21858: 21853: 21848: 21843: 21842: 21841: 21831: 21826: 21821: 21816: 21811: 21806: 21801: 21796: 21795: 21794: 21782: 21777: 21772: 21767: 21766: 21765: 21753: 21748: 21743: 21742: 21741: 21732:Christian left 21729: 21724: 21719: 21718: 21717: 21705: 21704: 21703: 21696: 21689: 21682: 21670: 21669: 21668: 21656: 21651: 21646: 21641: 21636: 21631: 21630: 21629: 21617: 21612: 21607: 21601: 21598: 21597: 21585: 21584: 21581: 21580: 21578: 21577: 21572: 21567: 21565:State religion 21562: 21557: 21555:Spiritual left 21552: 21551: 21550: 21543: 21534:Secularization 21531: 21526: 21521: 21516: 21511: 21506: 21501: 21496: 21491: 21486: 21481: 21476: 21475: 21474: 21462: 21457: 21452: 21447: 21442: 21437: 21432: 21427: 21422: 21417: 21412: 21407: 21402: 21401: 21400: 21393: 21381: 21376: 21371: 21366: 21361: 21360: 21359: 21347: 21345:Civil religion 21342: 21337: 21336: 21335: 21322: 21319: 21318: 21308: 21307: 21300: 21299: 21292: 21285: 21277: 21268: 21267: 21265: 21264: 21259: 21252: 21251: 21244: 21236: 21235: 21232: 21231: 21228: 21227: 21225: 21224: 21219: 21214: 21209: 21204: 21199: 21194: 21189: 21184: 21179: 21174: 21169: 21164: 21158: 21156: 21150: 21149: 21147: 21146: 21141: 21136: 21131: 21126: 21121: 21120: 21119: 21114: 21104: 21099: 21098: 21097: 21087: 21082: 21077: 21076: 21075: 21070: 21060: 21054: 21048: 21042: 21041: 21038: 21037: 21035: 21034: 21029: 21024: 21019: 21014: 21009: 21004: 20999: 20994: 20989: 20984: 20978: 20972: 20966: 20965: 20963: 20962: 20957: 20952: 20947: 20946: 20945: 20940: 20930: 20929: 20928: 20923: 20918: 20908: 20903: 20897: 20895: 20889: 20888: 20885: 20884: 20882: 20881: 20876: 20871: 20870: 20869: 20864: 20854: 20853: 20852: 20842: 20837: 20832: 20831: 20830: 20828:Prime Minister 20819: 20813: 20807: 20806: 20803: 20802: 20800: 20799: 20794: 20793: 20792: 20782: 20777: 20775:Land of Israel 20772: 20771: 20770: 20768:Sea of Galilee 20765: 20755: 20750: 20745: 20739: 20733: 20727: 20726: 20724: 20723: 20722: 20721: 20711: 20706: 20705: 20704: 20699: 20689: 20688: 20687: 20677: 20676: 20675: 20665: 20664: 20663: 20653: 20648: 20643: 20637: 20635: 20629: 20628: 20617: 20616: 20609: 20602: 20594: 20585: 20584: 20582: 20581: 20567: 20547: 20544: 20543: 20541: 20540: 20539: 20538: 20537: 20536: 20531: 20526: 20520:non-Christian 20518: 20517: 20516: 20511: 20506: 20501: 20496: 20491: 20476: 20469: 20462: 20457: 20450: 20445: 20440: 20433: 20428: 20423: 20416: 20411: 20410: 20409: 20404: 20399: 20394: 20389: 20378: 20376: 20370: 20369: 20367: 20366: 20361: 20360: 20359: 20354: 20344: 20339: 20334: 20329: 20324: 20323: 20322: 20312: 20311: 20310: 20305: 20295: 20290: 20289: 20288: 20278: 20277: 20276: 20266: 20261: 20260: 20259: 20254: 20243: 20241: 20235: 20234: 20232: 20231: 20226: 20221: 20219:Shulchan Aruch 20216: 20215: 20214: 20209: 20207:Sefer Yetzirah 20204: 20199: 20194: 20189: 20187:Pardes Rimonim 20184: 20177:Kabbalah texts 20174: 20173: 20172: 20167: 20162: 20157: 20147: 20146: 20145: 20140: 20135: 20121: 20115: 20113: 20107: 20106: 20104: 20103: 20098: 20093: 20088: 20083: 20078: 20073: 20068: 20067: 20066: 20061: 20056: 20055: 20054: 20044: 20039: 20034: 20029: 20024: 20023: 20022: 20017: 20016: 20015: 20010: 19989: 19987: 19981: 19980: 19978: 19977: 19972: 19970:Land of Israel 19967: 19966: 19965: 19955: 19950: 19945: 19944: 19943: 19933: 19928: 19923: 19922: 19921: 19911: 19906: 19901: 19896: 19895: 19894: 19883: 19881: 19875: 19874: 19872: 19871: 19866: 19865: 19864: 19863: 19862: 19857: 19856: 19855: 19848: 19846:Judeo-Alsatian 19838: 19837: 19836: 19829: 19824: 19819: 19799: 19794: 19789: 19784: 19779: 19774: 19773: 19772: 19767: 19757: 19752: 19747: 19742: 19737: 19732: 19727: 19722: 19717: 19712: 19711: 19710: 19705: 19700: 19698:Judeo-Hamedani 19695: 19690: 19685: 19675: 19673:Judaeo-Occitan 19670: 19665: 19660: 19655: 19654: 19653: 19643: 19638: 19633: 19632: 19631: 19626: 19621: 19614:Jewish English 19611: 19606: 19605: 19604: 19603: 19602: 19592: 19587: 19582: 19577: 19572: 19567: 19562: 19557: 19552: 19545:Judaeo-Aramaic 19542: 19541: 19540: 19535: 19533:Judeo-Tunisian 19530: 19525: 19523:Judeo-Moroccan 19520: 19519: 19518: 19516:Judeo-Baghdadi 19503: 19498: 19493: 19492: 19491: 19486: 19481: 19476: 19471: 19466: 19461: 19456: 19451: 19446: 19441: 19436: 19431: 19420: 19418: 19406: 19405: 19402: 19401: 19399: 19398: 19397: 19396: 19395: 19394: 19384: 19383: 19382: 19372: 19367: 19365:Livornese Jews 19362: 19352: 19347: 19346: 19345: 19335: 19334: 19333: 19332: 19331: 19326: 19321: 19316: 19306: 19301: 19296: 19291: 19286: 19281: 19276: 19271: 19266: 19256: 19255: 19254: 19244: 19239: 19234: 19229: 19228: 19227: 19222: 19212: 19207: 19206: 19205: 19195: 19190: 19185: 19184: 19183: 19178: 19168: 19167: 19166: 19161: 19151: 19150: 19149: 19144: 19139: 19134: 19129: 19124: 19119: 19114: 19112:Afrikaner-Jode 19103: 19101: 19092: 19091: 19086: 19081: 19080: 19079: 19069: 19064: 19059: 19054: 19049: 19044: 19039: 19033: 19031: 19025: 19024: 19022: 19021: 19016: 19011: 19006: 19001: 18996: 18991: 18986: 18981: 18975: 18973: 18967: 18966: 18964: 18963: 18958: 18952: 18949: 18948: 18937: 18936: 18929: 18922: 18914: 18908: 18905: 18904: 18892: 18891: 18889: 18888: 18883: 18878: 18873: 18868: 18863: 18858: 18853: 18848: 18843: 18838: 18836:Greater Israel 18833: 18828: 18823: 18818: 18813: 18808: 18803: 18798: 18793: 18787: 18785: 18784:Related topics 18781: 18780: 18778: 18777: 18772: 18770:Ben-Gurion Day 18767: 18765:Jabotinsky Day 18762: 18757: 18752: 18747: 18742: 18736: 18734: 18730: 18729: 18726: 18725: 18723: 18722: 18717: 18712: 18707: 18702: 18697: 18692: 18687: 18682: 18676: 18670: 18665: 18662: 18661: 18659: 18658: 18653: 18648: 18643: 18638: 18633: 18628: 18623: 18618: 18613: 18608: 18603: 18598: 18593: 18588: 18583: 18578: 18573: 18568: 18563: 18558: 18553: 18548: 18543: 18538: 18533: 18528: 18523: 18518: 18513: 18508: 18503: 18498: 18493: 18488: 18483: 18478: 18472: 18470: 18464: 18463: 18461: 18460: 18455: 18450: 18445: 18440: 18435: 18430: 18425: 18420: 18415: 18410: 18405: 18400: 18395: 18390: 18385: 18379: 18377: 18371: 18370: 18363: 18361: 18359: 18358: 18353: 18348: 18343: 18338: 18333: 18328: 18323: 18318: 18316:Territorialism 18313: 18308: 18303: 18298: 18288: 18283: 18278: 18276:Land of Israel 18273: 18267: 18265: 18261: 18260: 18253: 18252: 18245: 18238: 18230: 18224: 18223: 18210: 18193: 18183: 18173:Exodus1947.com 18170: 18165: 18160: 18148: 18134: 18133:External links 18131: 18130: 18129: 18122: 18115: 18105: 18097:Pawel, Ernst. 18095: 18078: 18068: 18051: 18045: 18039:Israel Studies 18035: 18030:Cohen, Naomi. 18028: 18012:Butler, Judith 18009: 17999: 17992: 17974: 17956: 17955: 17954: 17953: 17945: 17944: 17927: 17916: 17915: 17914: 17913: 17904: 17901: 17899: 17898: 17892: 17877: 17871: 17858:Sovereign Jews 17852: 17832:(4): 387–409. 17815: 17801: 17784: 17778: 17761: 17739: 17733: 17713: 17707: 17682: 17676: 17657: 17651: 17636: 17630: 17608: 17602: 17580: 17571: 17565: 17540: 17522: 17509:Land and Power 17503: 17497: 17472: 17466: 17448: 17419: 17381:(3): 205–225. 17359: 17353: 17338: 17332: 17314: 17308: 17286: 17260:(2): 241–276. 17247: 17241: 17225: 17219: 17197: 17184: 17162: 17157:978-0679744757 17156: 17136: 17130: 17108: 17079: 17066: 17047: 17041: 17022: 17017:978-1786992727 17016: 16996: 16990: 16968: 16963:978-1848139701 16962: 16940: 16922: 16900: 16894: 16864: 16858: 16830: 16824: 16802: 16796: 16777: 16771: 16749: 16743: 16721: 16715: 16698: 16681: 16651: 16645: 16629: 16590: 16570:Der Judenstaat 16562:Herzl, Theodor 16558: 16552: 16535: 16529: 16512: 16506: 16489: 16471: 16452: 16446: 16421: 16403: 16381: 16363: 16341: 16323: 16301: 16283: 16261: 16255: 16236: 16227: 16221: 16206: 16141: 16135: 16107: 16072: 16059: 16040: 16022: 16000: 15973: 15960: 15941: 15935: 15916: 15903: 15881: 15875: 15855: 15853: 15850: 15847: 15846: 15842:Busbridge 2018 15834: 15815:(4): 872–884. 15808:Israel Affairs 15803:Troen, S. Ilan 15794: 15764: 15732: 15720: 15690:(4): 683–687. 15674: 15659: 15647: 15634: 15619: 15604: 15591: 15574: 15570:Sternberg 2016 15557: 15553:Sternhell 2010 15542: 15530: 15518: 15491: 15479: 15464: 15438: 15431: 15409: 15386: 15380:. p. 48. 15362: 15343: 15323: 15291: 15258: 15239: 15209: 15181: 15162: 15143: 15121: 15101: 15074: 15048: 15021:(2): 165–178. 15015:Modern Judaism 15005: 14984: 14966: 14934: 14902: 14895: 14870: 14849:www.mfa.gov.il 14836: 14818: 14786: 14753: 14742:(2): 183–219. 14726: 14717: 14687: 14652: 14639: 14609: 14577: 14546: 14539: 14521: 14509: 14506: 14505: 14471: 14455: 14429: 14411: 14401:(4): 522–561. 14385: 14368: 14361: 14336: 14329: 14309: 14290:(2): 214–249. 14271: 14252: 14222: 14189: 14158: 14125: 14106: 14098:Penslar, Derek 14089: 14087: 14086: 14079:Penslar, Derek 14076: 14069: 14052: 14050: 14049: 14043: 14036: 14030: 14022: 14021: 14013: 14012: 14005: 13999: 13993:. p. 57. 13991:Berghahn Books 13982: 13976: 13959: 13952: 13949:Foreign Policy 13945: 13931: 13913: 13911: 13910: 13903: 13897: 13880: 13874: 13868:. p. 31. 13857: 13851: 13827: 13821: 13802: 13795: 13789: 13776: 13770: 13751: 13731: 13725: 13697: 13691: 13665: 13659: 13653: 13633: 13631: 13630: 13601: 13599: 13598: 13591: 13584: 13570: 13533: 13513: 13506: 13488: 13452: 13433: 13409: 13390: 13360: 13317: 13308: 13285: 13266:(2): 257–281. 13250: 13230: 13221: 13219: 13218: 13194: 13174: 13154: 13108: 13061: 13027: 12992: 12966: 12951: 12906: 12889:"Ghadar. 2004" 12880: 12854: 12821: 12777: 12743: 12725: 12703: 12691: 12659: 12628: 12598: 12589: 12570: 12545: 12527: 12513: 12487: 12449: 12447:, p. 267. 12434: 12403: 12372: 12353: 12326: 12319: 12297: 12271: 12243: 12234: 12225: 12216: 12207: 12200: 12182: 12152: 12122: 12115: 12097: 12090: 12068: 12061: 12043: 12040:. p. 110. 12018: 12003: 11968: 11953: 11920:(2): 292–311. 11900: 11867: 11831: 11813: 11793: 11781: 11754:(2): 278–293. 11747:Israel Studies 11736: 11699: 11666: 11635: 11602: 11575: 11542: 11532: 11502: 11487: 11454: 11421: 11406: 11384: 11347: 11328:(4): 500–509. 11312: 11293: 11281: 11277:Beauchamp 2018 11269: 11237: 11228:"Hagshama.org" 11219: 11197: 11178: 11154: 11137: 11130: 11112: 11078: 11059: 11039: 11020: 10994: 10982: 10963: 10943: 10931: 10916: 10904: 10892: 10880: 10868: 10856: 10826: 10817: 10798: 10780: 10771: 10758: 10739: 10719: 10700: 10676: 10649:(3): 416–433. 10633: 10599: 10580: 10568: 10559: 10512: 10492: 10473:(3): 146–167. 10454: 10439: 10412: 10380: 10373: 10346: 10317:(4): 700–708. 10297: 10290: 10263: 10247: 10228: 10208: 10189: 10183:. p. 97. 10165: 10142: 10136:. p. 81. 10115: 10097: 10067: 10048: 10019: 10000: 9980: 9961: 9955:. p. 10. 9937: 9925: 9913: 9894: 9882: 9863: 9857:. p. 10. 9839: 9803: 9789: 9765: 9725: 9698:(2): 172–187. 9682: 9675: 9654: 9621: 9594:(2): 175–192. 9588:Modern Judaism 9575: 9556:(4): 546–556. 9533: 9526: 9508: 9473:(5): 869–872. 9457: 9405: 9362: 9355: 9337: 9325: 9314:Cleveland 2010 9306: 9283: 9266: 9245: 9233: 9231:, pp. 50. 9229:Dieckhoff 2003 9221: 9202: 9185: 9163: 9148: 9133: 9129:Dieckhoff 2003 9118: 9088: 9049: 9040: 9010: 9003: 8985: 8978: 8954: 8947: 8927: 8908:(1): 137–159. 8888: 8858: 8851: 8824: 8812: 8800: 8796:Dieckhoff 2003 8785: 8768: 8753: 8740: 8675: 8632:(2): 119–134. 8610: 8601: 8589: 8574: 8552: 8539: 8535:Dieckhoff 2003 8527: 8515: 8500: 8482: 8455:(2): 129–155. 8449:Modern Judaism 8439: 8427: 8410: 8377: 8365: 8361:McGonigle 2021 8353: 8314:(1): 101–104. 8292: 8288:McGonigle 2021 8277: 8221: 8209: 8197: 8140:Israel Studies 8126: 8111: 8099: 8095:McGonigle 2021 8087: 8028: 8016: 7999: 7976: 7964: 7952: 7940: 7928: 7916: 7901: 7884: 7859: 7844: 7829: 7806: 7789: 7748: 7729: 7722: 7698: 7686: 7674: 7662: 7647: 7635: 7628: 7606: 7591: 7561: 7538: 7526: 7503: 7489:Herzl, Theodor 7480: 7461: 7448: 7411: 7394: 7379: 7357: 7328: 7305: 7286: 7258: 7225: 7199: 7169: 7154: 7139: 7127: 7112: 7109: 7108: 7102: 7095: 7088: 7064: 7061: 7060: 7042: 7027: 7009: 6990: 6972: 6957: 6950: 6943: 6916: 6914: 6913: 6906: 6899: 6892: 6887:Hadawi, Sami, 6885: 6878: 6858: 6856: 6855: 6846: 6833: 6827: 6822: 6815: 6810:Zuriek, Elia, 6808: 6803:Lustick, Ian, 6801: 6794: 6787: 6777: 6770: 6751: 6738: 6712:Israel Studies 6697: 6689:Israel Affairs 6681: 6662: 6642: 6639: 6638: 6620: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6581: 6574: 6551: 6539: 6492: 6473: 6449: 6426: 6420:. p. 45. 6399: 6396: 6395: 6389: 6371: 6356: 6347: 6321: 6314: 6311: 6310: 6298:The fact that 6280: 6274:. p. 93. 6261: 6258:as a religion. 6244:Eastern Europe 6232:Russian Empire 6204: 6185: 6164: 6145: 6138: 6106: 6103: 6102: 6100:Beauchamp 2018 6097: 6092: 6086: 6080: 6073: 6070: 6069: 6063: 6053: 6047: 6041: 6035: 6029: 6019: 6013: 6007: 6000: 5990: 5987: 5986: 5968: 5962:. p. 40. 5951:Der Judenstaat 5942:Herzl, Theodor 5938: 5932: 5902: 5882: 5875: 5871:Land of Israel 5847: 5827: 5824: 5823: 5817: 5811: 5786: 5779: 5750: 5716: 5669: 5666: 5665: 5649: 5643:. p. 18. 5630: 5624:Daniel Boyarin 5607: 5590: 5573: 5543: 5536: 5517: 5485: 5471: 5465:. p. 11. 5443: 5427: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5418: 5417: 5405: 5393: 5379: 5370: 5360: 5350: 5338: 5326: 5313: 5301: 5291: 5281: 5272: 5263: 5254: 5245: 5232: 5219: 5136: 5135: 5132: 5131: 5121: 5115:Benny Morris, 5108: 5098: 5085: 5074: 5048: 5047: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5039: 5034: 5029: 5027:Yehud Medinata 5024: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4905:Rashid Khalidi 4893:Main article: 4890: 4887: 4839: 4836: 4835: 4834: 4826: 4822: 4794:Michael Marder 4759: 4756: 4674: 4671: 4615:Mahatma Gandhi 4604:New Historians 4583:new historians 4564:Walter Laqueur 4445: 4442: 4389: 4386: 4379:met with King 4370:discrimination 4298:Arab Christian 4261: 4258: 4210: 4207: 4190:Indian Muslims 4175:Ahmad Shukeiri 4167:As'ad Shukeiri 4142:Tashbih Sayyed 4107:Main article: 4104: 4101: 4097:Walter Laqueur 4071:Fawzi Darwish 4068: 4065: 3983:Woodrow Wilson 3979:Arthur Balfour 3906:Restorationism 3877:Main article: 3874: 3871: 3854: 3851: 3814:Land of Israel 3796: 3795: 3793: 3792: 3785: 3778: 3770: 3767: 3766: 3765: 3764: 3752: 3737: 3736: 3733: 3732: 3727: 3726: 3725: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3699: 3698: 3688: 3686:Haredi Judaism 3683: 3678: 3677: 3676: 3671: 3669:Torato Umanuto 3666: 3655: 3653:Related topics 3652: 3651: 3648: 3647: 3644: 3643: 3636: 3629: 3622: 3615: 3610: 3603: 3598: 3591: 3583: 3580: 3579: 3576: 3575: 3572: 3571: 3566: 3555: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3500: 3497: 3496: 3493: 3492: 3489: 3488: 3483: 3478: 3473: 3471:National Unity 3468: 3466:National Union 3462: 3459: 3458: 3455: 3454: 3451: 3450: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3389: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3358: 3353: 3348: 3343: 3341:Agudat Yisrael 3334: 3331: 3330: 3327: 3326: 3323: 3322: 3312: 3302: 3291: 3288: 3287: 3284: 3283: 3280: 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3219: 3214: 3208: 3205: 3204: 3201: 3200: 3197: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3151: 3145: 3142: 3141: 3138: 3137: 3134: 3133: 3128: 3123: 3118: 3113: 3108: 3103: 3098: 3097: 3096: 3091: 3086: 3076: 3075: 3074: 3065: 3063:Begin Doctrine 3055: 3050: 3049: 3048: 3038: 3037: 3036: 3034:Halachic state 3026: 3024:Jewish culture 3021: 3020: 3019: 3017:Greater Israel 3008: 3003: 2998: 2993: 2992: 2991: 2981: 2976: 2975: 2974: 2964: 2959: 2953: 2950: 2949: 2946: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2940: 2939: 2934: 2929: 2919: 2914: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2893: 2890: 2889: 2886: 2885: 2877: 2876: 2868: 2867: 2853:Main article: 2850: 2847: 2843:East Jerusalem 2808: 2791:, i.e. taking 2766:Main article: 2763: 2760: 2747:Netzah Yisrael 2735:Carlo Strenger 2727:Dror Zeigerman 2692:Mishmar HaEmek 2680:Main article: 2677: 2674: 2591:Eastern Europe 2571:Main article: 2568: 2565: 2557: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2544: 2492: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2481: 2480: 2477: 2474: 2470: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2459: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2448: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2437: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2426: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2415: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2394:Main article: 2391: 2388: 2362: 2359: 2312: 2309: 2227:, Jewish-Arab 2216:partition plan 2197:Andrei Gromyko 2176: 2173: 2089: 2088: 2085: 2079: 2073: 2067: 2061: 2057: 2056: 2053: 2047: 2041: 2035: 2029: 2025: 2024: 2021: 2015: 2009: 2003: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1989: 1983: 1977: 1971: 1965: 1961: 1960: 1959:Total Settled 1957: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1907:Nuremberg Laws 1898: 1895: 1883:Yitzhak Lamdan 1788: 1785: 1701:Der Judenstaat 1631: 1628: 1627: 1626: 1620: 1611: 1600: 1599: 1595: 1594: 1588: 1576: 1575: 1574: 1573: 1561: 1555: 1548: 1547: 1539: 1536: 1535: 1534: 1528: 1522: 1516: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1489: 1488: 1487: 1481: 1475: 1469: 1463: 1449: 1446: 1428:Der Judenstaat 1418:Front page of 1387: 1384: 1375:Walter Laqueur 1354:Der Judenstaat 1306: 1303: 1268: 1265: 1207:Colonial Times 1170: 1167: 1165:(1798-1878). 1159:Tzvi Kalischer 1064: 1061: 1007:Shlomo Avineri 984:Jewish history 979: 976: 964:Main article: 961: 958: 847:Main article: 844: 841: 796: 793: 787: 784: 775:Return to Zion 736:Ashkenazi Jews 713:Main article: 710: 707: 677: 674: 641: 638: 636: 633: 551:Chaim Weizmann 507:Der Judenstaat 489:Dreyfus affair 485:Ashkenazi Jews 434:Land of Israel 425:Main article: 422: 419: 389:Lovers of Zion 342: 339: 331:exceptionalist 239:United Kingdom 219:Lovers of Zion 203:Jewish history 145:Ottoman Empire 129:Eastern Europe 106:Jewish history 98:Land of Israel 57:Der Judenstaat 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 25546: 25535: 25532: 25530: 25527: 25525: 25522: 25520: 25517: 25515: 25512: 25510: 25507: 25505: 25502: 25500: 25497: 25495: 25492: 25491: 25489: 25479: 25474: 25469: 25467: 25457: 25455: 25445: 25443: 25433: 25431: 25421: 25420: 25417: 25398: 25395: 25393: 25390: 25386: 25381: 25378: 25376: 25373: 25371: 25368: 25366: 25363: 25361: 25358: 25356: 25353: 25351: 25348: 25346: 25343: 25341: 25338: 25336: 25333: 25331: 25328: 25326: 25323: 25321: 25318: 25316: 25313: 25311: 25308: 25306: 25303: 25301: 25298: 25296: 25293: 25291: 25288: 25286: 25283: 25281: 25278: 25276: 25273: 25271: 25268: 25267: 25265: 25261: 25255: 25252: 25250: 25247: 25246: 25244: 25242:Organizations 25240: 25234: 25231: 25229: 25226: 25224: 25221: 25219: 25216: 25214: 25213:Technological 25211: 25209: 25206: 25200: 25197: 25196: 25195: 25192: 25188: 25185: 25184: 25183: 25180: 25178: 25177:Ethnocacerism 25175: 25174: 25173: 25172:Revolutionary 25170: 25168: 25165: 25159: 25156: 25155: 25154: 25151: 25149: 25146: 25142: 25139: 25137: 25134: 25132: 25129: 25128: 25127: 25124: 25123: 25122: 25119: 25115: 25112: 25110: 25107: 25105: 25102: 25100: 25097: 25095: 25092: 25090: 25087: 25086: 25085: 25082: 25080: 25077: 25075: 25072: 25070: 25067: 25065: 25062: 25060: 25057: 25055: 25052: 25050: 25047: 25043: 25040: 25039: 25038: 25035: 25033: 25030: 25028: 25025: 25021: 25018: 25017: 25016: 25013: 25011: 25008: 25006: 25003: 25001: 24998: 24996: 24993: 24991: 24988: 24986: 24983: 24981: 24978: 24976: 24973: 24969: 24966: 24964: 24961: 24959: 24956: 24955: 24954: 24951: 24947: 24944: 24943: 24942: 24939: 24937: 24934: 24932: 24929: 24927: 24924: 24922: 24919: 24918: 24916: 24912: 24906: 24903: 24901: 24898: 24896: 24893: 24891: 24888: 24886: 24883: 24881: 24878: 24876: 24873: 24871: 24868: 24866: 24863: 24861: 24858: 24856: 24853: 24851: 24848: 24846: 24843: 24842: 24840: 24836: 24832: 24825: 24820: 24818: 24813: 24811: 24806: 24805: 24802: 24783: 24779: 24778: 24774: 24773: 24769: 24768: 24763: 24762: 24758: 24757: 24752: 24751: 24747: 24743: 24742: 24737: 24729: 24723: 24720: 24713: 24709: 24705: 24701: 24697: 24693: 24689: 24686: 24683: 24679: 24675: 24674:Peace process 24670: 24666: 24661: 24657: 24656: 24652: 24647: 24646: 24636: 24630: 24627: 24624: 24623: 24619: 24615: 24611: 24607: 24603: 24599: 24594: 24592: 24580: 24579:Law of Return 24576: 24572: 24568: 24565: 24563: 24560: 24557: 24553: 24550: 24548: 24545: 24544: 24542: 24541: 24534: 24531: 24529: 24526: 24524: 24520: 24517: 24516: 24514: 24508: 24505: 24504: 24501: 24500:Modern Israel 24498: 24496: 24493: 24491: 24488: 24487: 24482: 24478: 24474: 24467: 24462: 24460: 24455: 24453: 24448: 24447: 24444: 24430: 24429: 24425: 24424:ethnic groups 24421: 24416: 24415: 24412: 24404: 24401: 24399: 24396: 24394: 24391: 24389: 24386: 24384: 24381: 24380: 24379: 24376: 24374: 24373:Local (China) 24371: 24370: 24368: 24364: 24358: 24355: 24353: 24350: 24348: 24345: 24343: 24340: 24338: 24335: 24333: 24330: 24328: 24325: 24323: 24320: 24318: 24315: 24313: 24310: 24308: 24305: 24303: 24300: 24298: 24295: 24293: 24290: 24288: 24285: 24283: 24280: 24278: 24275: 24273: 24270: 24268: 24265: 24263: 24260: 24258: 24255: 24253: 24250: 24248: 24245: 24243: 24240: 24238: 24237:Herzeg-Bosnia 24235: 24233: 24230: 24228: 24225: 24223: 24220: 24218: 24215: 24213: 24210: 24208: 24205: 24203: 24200: 24198: 24195: 24193: 24190: 24188: 24185: 24183: 24180: 24178: 24175: 24173: 24170: 24168: 24165: 24163: 24160: 24158: 24155: 24153: 24150: 24148: 24145: 24144: 24142: 24138: 24132: 24129: 24127: 24124: 24122: 24119: 24117: 24114: 24112: 24109: 24107: 24104: 24102: 24099: 24097: 24094: 24092: 24089: 24087: 24084: 24082: 24079: 24077: 24074: 24072: 24069: 24067: 24064: 24062: 24059: 24057: 24054: 24052: 24049: 24047: 24044: 24042: 24039: 24037: 24034: 24032: 24029: 24027: 24024: 24022: 24019: 24017: 24014: 24012: 24009: 24007: 24004: 24002: 23999: 23997: 23994: 23992: 23989: 23987: 23984: 23982: 23979: 23977: 23974: 23972: 23969: 23968: 23966: 23962: 23956: 23953: 23951: 23948: 23946: 23943: 23941: 23938: 23936: 23933: 23931: 23928: 23926: 23923: 23921: 23918: 23916: 23913: 23911: 23908: 23906: 23903: 23901: 23898: 23896: 23893: 23891: 23888: 23886: 23883: 23881: 23878: 23876: 23873: 23871: 23868: 23866: 23863: 23861: 23858: 23856: 23853: 23851: 23848: 23846: 23843: 23841: 23838: 23836: 23833: 23831: 23828: 23826: 23823: 23821: 23818: 23816: 23813: 23811: 23808: 23806: 23803: 23801: 23798: 23797: 23795: 23793: 23789: 23779: 23776: 23774: 23771: 23769: 23766: 23764: 23761: 23760: 23758: 23754: 23744: 23741: 23739: 23736: 23734: 23731: 23729: 23726: 23724: 23721: 23719: 23716: 23715: 23713: 23709: 23699: 23696: 23694: 23691: 23689: 23686: 23684: 23681: 23679: 23676: 23674: 23671: 23669: 23666: 23664: 23661: 23659: 23656: 23654: 23651: 23649: 23646: 23645: 23643: 23639: 23633: 23630: 23628: 23625: 23623: 23620: 23618: 23615: 23613: 23610: 23608: 23605: 23604: 23602: 23598: 23592: 23589: 23587: 23584: 23583: 23580: 23577: 23573: 23563: 23560: 23558: 23555: 23553: 23550: 23548: 23545: 23543: 23540: 23538: 23535: 23534: 23532: 23528: 23522: 23519: 23517: 23514: 23512: 23509: 23507: 23504: 23502: 23499: 23497: 23494: 23492: 23489: 23488: 23485: 23482: 23478: 23468: 23465: 23463: 23460: 23459: 23457: 23453: 23447: 23444: 23442: 23439: 23437: 23434: 23432: 23429: 23427: 23424: 23423: 23421: 23417: 23411: 23408: 23406: 23403: 23401: 23398: 23396: 23393: 23392: 23389: 23386: 23382: 23376: 23373: 23371: 23368: 23366: 23363: 23361: 23358: 23356: 23353: 23349: 23346: 23344: 23341: 23340: 23339: 23336: 23334: 23331: 23329: 23326: 23324: 23321: 23319: 23316: 23315: 23313: 23309: 23303: 23300: 23298: 23295: 23293: 23290: 23288: 23285: 23283: 23280: 23278: 23275: 23271: 23268: 23267: 23266: 23263: 23261: 23258: 23256: 23253: 23251: 23248: 23244: 23241: 23239: 23236: 23234: 23231: 23230: 23229: 23226: 23225: 23223: 23219: 23216: 23212: 23202: 23199: 23197: 23194: 23192: 23189: 23187: 23184: 23183: 23181: 23177: 23171: 23168: 23166: 23163: 23161: 23158: 23156: 23153: 23149: 23146: 23145: 23144: 23141: 23139: 23136: 23135: 23133: 23129: 23123: 23120: 23118: 23115: 23113: 23110: 23108: 23105: 23103: 23100: 23098: 23095: 23093: 23090: 23089: 23087: 23083: 23077: 23074: 23070: 23067: 23066: 23065: 23062: 23060: 23057: 23055: 23052: 23050: 23047: 23045: 23042: 23040: 23037: 23035: 23032: 23030: 23027: 23025: 23022: 23018: 23017:in Bangladesh 23015: 23014: 23013: 23010: 23008: 23005: 23004: 23002: 23000:Southern Asia 22998: 22992: 22989: 22987: 22984: 22982: 22979: 22977: 22974: 22972: 22969: 22967: 22964: 22962: 22959: 22957: 22954: 22950: 22947: 22946: 22945: 22942: 22940: 22937: 22935: 22932: 22931: 22929: 22925: 22919: 22916: 22912: 22909: 22908: 22907: 22904: 22902: 22899: 22897: 22894: 22892: 22889: 22887: 22884: 22882: 22879: 22875: 22872: 22870: 22867: 22866: 22864: 22862: 22859: 22857: 22854: 22852: 22849: 22847: 22844: 22843: 22841: 22837: 22834: 22830: 22820: 22817: 22815: 22812: 22810: 22807: 22805: 22802: 22801: 22799: 22797:South America 22795: 22789: 22786: 22784: 22781: 22780: 22778: 22774: 22768: 22765: 22763: 22760: 22758: 22755: 22753: 22750: 22748: 22745: 22743: 22740: 22739: 22737: 22735:North America 22733: 22730: 22726: 22716: 22713: 22712: 22710: 22706: 22700: 22697: 22695: 22692: 22691: 22689: 22685: 22679: 22676: 22674: 22671: 22669: 22666: 22664: 22661: 22659: 22656: 22655: 22653: 22649: 22643: 22640: 22638: 22635: 22631: 22628: 22627: 22626: 22623: 22621: 22618: 22616: 22613: 22611: 22608: 22607: 22605: 22601: 22598: 22594: 22591: 22585: 22581: 22574: 22569: 22567: 22562: 22560: 22555: 22554: 22551: 22535: 22532: 22530: 22527: 22523: 22520: 22519: 22518: 22515: 22513: 22510: 22508: 22505: 22503: 22500: 22495: 22491: 22490: 22489: 22488:Imperial cult 22486: 22484: 22481: 22479: 22476: 22475: 22472: 22465: 22461: 22451: 22448: 22446: 22443: 22441: 22438: 22436: 22433: 22428: 22424: 22421: 22417: 22414: 22410: 22409: 22408: 22405: 22403: 22400: 22398: 22395: 22393: 22390: 22388: 22385: 22384: 22381: 22374: 22370: 22360: 22357: 22355: 22352: 22350: 22347: 22345: 22342: 22340: 22337: 22335: 22332: 22330: 22327: 22325: 22322: 22320: 22317: 22312: 22308: 22305: 22304:Panun Kashmir 22301: 22298: 22297:Hindu Rashtra 22294: 22291: 22287: 22286: 22285: 22282: 22280: 22277: 22275: 22272: 22270: 22267: 22265: 22262: 22260: 22259:Akhand Bharat 22257: 22256: 22253: 22249: 22244: 22240: 22230: 22227: 22223: 22220: 22219: 22218: 22215: 22213: 22210: 22205: 22201: 22200: 22199: 22196: 22194: 22191: 22189: 22186: 22184: 22181: 22179: 22176: 22174: 22171: 22169: 22166: 22164: 22161: 22156: 22152: 22149: 22145: 22144: 22142: 22140: 22137: 22135: 22132: 22127: 22123: 22122: 22121: 22118: 22116: 22113: 22111: 22108: 22107: 22104: 22100: 22095: 22091: 22081: 22078: 22073: 22069: 22068: 22067: 22064: 22062: 22059: 22057: 22054: 22052: 22049: 22047: 22044: 22039: 22035: 22034: 22033: 22030: 22028: 22025: 22023: 22022:Islamic state 22020: 22018: 22015: 22013: 22010: 22008: 22005: 22000: 21999:In South Asia 21996: 21993: 21989: 21986: 21982: 21981: 21980: 21977: 21975: 21972: 21970: 21967: 21965: 21962: 21960: 21957: 21955: 21952: 21950: 21947: 21945: 21942: 21940: 21937: 21935: 21932: 21931: 21928: 21924: 21919: 21915: 21902: 21898: 21897: 21896: 21893: 21891: 21890:Theodemocracy 21888: 21886: 21883: 21881: 21878: 21876: 21873: 21868: 21864: 21863: 21862: 21859: 21857: 21854: 21852: 21851:Pillarisation 21849: 21847: 21844: 21840: 21839:Phoenicianism 21837: 21836: 21835: 21832: 21830: 21827: 21825: 21822: 21820: 21817: 21815: 21812: 21810: 21807: 21805: 21802: 21800: 21797: 21792: 21788: 21787: 21786: 21783: 21781: 21778: 21776: 21773: 21771: 21768: 21763: 21759: 21758: 21757: 21754: 21752: 21749: 21747: 21744: 21739: 21735: 21734: 21733: 21730: 21728: 21727:Christian law 21725: 21723: 21720: 21715: 21711: 21710: 21709: 21706: 21701: 21697: 21694: 21690: 21687: 21683: 21680: 21676: 21675: 21674: 21671: 21666: 21662: 21661: 21660: 21657: 21655: 21652: 21650: 21647: 21645: 21642: 21640: 21637: 21635: 21632: 21627: 21623: 21622: 21621: 21618: 21616: 21613: 21611: 21608: 21606: 21603: 21602: 21599: 21595: 21590: 21586: 21576: 21573: 21571: 21568: 21566: 21563: 21561: 21560:State atheism 21558: 21556: 21553: 21548: 21544: 21541: 21537: 21536: 21535: 21532: 21530: 21527: 21525: 21522: 21520: 21519:Secular state 21517: 21515: 21512: 21510: 21507: 21505: 21502: 21500: 21497: 21495: 21492: 21490: 21487: 21485: 21482: 21480: 21477: 21472: 21468: 21467: 21466: 21463: 21461: 21458: 21456: 21455:Religious law 21453: 21451: 21448: 21446: 21443: 21441: 21438: 21436: 21433: 21431: 21428: 21426: 21423: 21421: 21418: 21416: 21413: 21411: 21408: 21406: 21403: 21398: 21394: 21391: 21387: 21386: 21385: 21382: 21380: 21377: 21375: 21372: 21370: 21367: 21365: 21362: 21357: 21353: 21352: 21351: 21348: 21346: 21343: 21341: 21340:Caesaropapism 21338: 21333: 21329: 21328: 21327: 21324: 21323: 21320: 21313: 21309: 21305: 21298: 21293: 21291: 21286: 21284: 21279: 21278: 21275: 21263: 21260: 21258: 21255: 21254: 21249: 21245: 21242: 21238: 21237: 21233: 21223: 21220: 21218: 21215: 21213: 21210: 21208: 21205: 21203: 21200: 21198: 21195: 21193: 21190: 21188: 21185: 21183: 21180: 21178: 21175: 21173: 21170: 21168: 21165: 21163: 21160: 21159: 21157: 21155: 21151: 21145: 21142: 21140: 21137: 21135: 21132: 21130: 21127: 21125: 21122: 21118: 21115: 21113: 21110: 21109: 21108: 21105: 21103: 21100: 21096: 21093: 21092: 21091: 21088: 21086: 21083: 21081: 21078: 21074: 21071: 21069: 21066: 21065: 21064: 21061: 21059: 21056: 21055: 21052: 21049: 21047: 21043: 21033: 21030: 21028: 21025: 21023: 21020: 21018: 21015: 21013: 21010: 21008: 21005: 21003: 21000: 20998: 20995: 20993: 20990: 20988: 20985: 20983: 20980: 20979: 20976: 20973: 20971: 20967: 20961: 20958: 20956: 20953: 20951: 20948: 20944: 20941: 20939: 20936: 20935: 20934: 20931: 20927: 20924: 20922: 20919: 20917: 20914: 20913: 20912: 20909: 20907: 20906:Civil defense 20904: 20902: 20899: 20898: 20896: 20894: 20890: 20880: 20877: 20875: 20872: 20868: 20865: 20863: 20860: 20859: 20858: 20855: 20851: 20848: 20847: 20846: 20843: 20841: 20838: 20836: 20833: 20829: 20826: 20825: 20824: 20821: 20820: 20817: 20814: 20812: 20808: 20798: 20795: 20791: 20788: 20787: 20786: 20783: 20781: 20778: 20776: 20773: 20769: 20766: 20764: 20761: 20760: 20759: 20756: 20754: 20751: 20749: 20746: 20744: 20741: 20740: 20737: 20734: 20732: 20728: 20720: 20717: 20716: 20715: 20712: 20710: 20707: 20703: 20702:Peace process 20700: 20698: 20695: 20694: 20693: 20690: 20686: 20683: 20682: 20681: 20678: 20674: 20671: 20670: 20669: 20666: 20662: 20659: 20658: 20657: 20656:Ottoman Syria 20654: 20652: 20649: 20647: 20644: 20642: 20639: 20638: 20636: 20634: 20630: 20626: 20622: 20615: 20610: 20608: 20603: 20601: 20596: 20595: 20592: 20580: 20579: 20568: 20566: 20565: 20556: 20555: 20554: 20550: 20545: 20535: 20532: 20530: 20527: 20525: 20522: 20521: 20519: 20515: 20512: 20510: 20507: 20505: 20504:Protestantism 20502: 20500: 20497: 20495: 20492: 20490: 20487: 20486: 20485: 20482: 20481: 20480: 20477: 20475: 20474: 20470: 20468: 20467: 20463: 20461: 20458: 20456: 20455: 20451: 20449: 20446: 20444: 20441: 20439: 20438: 20434: 20432: 20429: 20427: 20424: 20422: 20421: 20417: 20415: 20412: 20408: 20405: 20403: 20400: 20398: 20395: 20393: 20390: 20388: 20385: 20384: 20383: 20380: 20379: 20377: 20375: 20371: 20365: 20362: 20358: 20355: 20353: 20350: 20349: 20348: 20345: 20343: 20340: 20338: 20335: 20333: 20330: 20328: 20325: 20321: 20318: 20317: 20316: 20313: 20309: 20306: 20304: 20301: 20300: 20299: 20296: 20294: 20291: 20287: 20284: 20283: 20282: 20279: 20275: 20272: 20271: 20270: 20267: 20265: 20262: 20258: 20255: 20253: 20250: 20249: 20248: 20245: 20244: 20242: 20240: 20236: 20230: 20227: 20225: 20222: 20220: 20217: 20213: 20210: 20208: 20205: 20203: 20200: 20198: 20195: 20193: 20192:Sefer HaBahir 20190: 20188: 20185: 20183: 20180: 20179: 20178: 20175: 20171: 20168: 20166: 20163: 20161: 20158: 20156: 20153: 20152: 20151: 20148: 20144: 20141: 20139: 20136: 20134: 20131: 20130: 20129: 20125: 20122: 20120: 20119:Sifrei Kodesh 20117: 20116: 20114: 20112: 20108: 20102: 20099: 20097: 20094: 20092: 20089: 20087: 20084: 20082: 20079: 20077: 20074: 20072: 20069: 20065: 20062: 20060: 20057: 20053: 20050: 20049: 20048: 20045: 20043: 20040: 20038: 20035: 20033: 20030: 20028: 20025: 20021: 20018: 20014: 20011: 20009: 20006: 20005: 20004: 20001: 20000: 19999: 19996: 19995: 19994: 19991: 19990: 19988: 19986: 19982: 19976: 19975:Who is a Jew? 19973: 19971: 19968: 19964: 19961: 19960: 19959: 19956: 19954: 19951: 19949: 19946: 19942: 19939: 19938: 19937: 19934: 19932: 19929: 19927: 19924: 19920: 19917: 19916: 19915: 19912: 19910: 19907: 19905: 19904:Chosen people 19902: 19900: 19897: 19893: 19890: 19889: 19888: 19885: 19884: 19882: 19880: 19876: 19870: 19867: 19861: 19860:Scots-Yiddish 19858: 19854: 19853: 19849: 19847: 19844: 19843: 19842: 19839: 19835: 19834: 19833:Klezmer-loshn 19830: 19828: 19825: 19823: 19820: 19818: 19815: 19814: 19813: 19810: 19809: 19808: 19805: 19804: 19803: 19800: 19798: 19795: 19793: 19790: 19788: 19785: 19783: 19780: 19778: 19775: 19771: 19768: 19766: 19763: 19762: 19761: 19758: 19756: 19753: 19751: 19748: 19746: 19743: 19741: 19738: 19736: 19733: 19731: 19728: 19726: 19723: 19721: 19718: 19716: 19713: 19709: 19706: 19704: 19703:Judeo-Shirazi 19701: 19699: 19696: 19694: 19691: 19689: 19686: 19684: 19681: 19680: 19679: 19678:Judeo-Persian 19676: 19674: 19671: 19669: 19668:Judeo-Marathi 19666: 19664: 19661: 19659: 19656: 19652: 19649: 19648: 19647: 19646:Judeo-Italian 19644: 19642: 19639: 19637: 19634: 19630: 19627: 19625: 19622: 19620: 19617: 19616: 19615: 19612: 19610: 19607: 19601: 19598: 19597: 19596: 19593: 19591: 19588: 19586: 19583: 19581: 19578: 19576: 19573: 19571: 19568: 19566: 19563: 19561: 19558: 19556: 19553: 19551: 19548: 19547: 19546: 19543: 19539: 19536: 19534: 19531: 19529: 19526: 19524: 19521: 19517: 19514: 19513: 19512: 19509: 19508: 19507: 19504: 19502: 19501:Judeo-Amazigh 19499: 19497: 19494: 19490: 19487: 19485: 19482: 19480: 19477: 19475: 19472: 19470: 19467: 19465: 19462: 19460: 19457: 19455: 19452: 19450: 19447: 19445: 19442: 19440: 19437: 19435: 19432: 19430: 19427: 19426: 19425: 19422: 19421: 19419: 19416: 19411: 19407: 19393: 19390: 19389: 19388: 19385: 19381: 19378: 19377: 19376: 19373: 19371: 19368: 19366: 19363: 19361: 19358: 19357: 19356: 19353: 19351: 19348: 19344: 19341: 19340: 19339: 19336: 19330: 19327: 19325: 19324:Hadhrami Jews 19322: 19320: 19317: 19315: 19312: 19311: 19310: 19307: 19305: 19302: 19300: 19297: 19295: 19292: 19290: 19289:Mountain Jews 19287: 19285: 19284:Egyptian Jews 19282: 19280: 19279:Bukharan Jews 19277: 19275: 19272: 19270: 19267: 19265: 19262: 19261: 19260: 19257: 19253: 19250: 19249: 19248: 19245: 19243: 19240: 19238: 19235: 19233: 19230: 19226: 19223: 19221: 19218: 19217: 19216: 19213: 19211: 19208: 19204: 19201: 19200: 19199: 19196: 19194: 19191: 19189: 19186: 19182: 19179: 19177: 19174: 19173: 19172: 19169: 19165: 19162: 19160: 19157: 19156: 19155: 19152: 19148: 19145: 19143: 19140: 19138: 19135: 19133: 19130: 19128: 19125: 19123: 19120: 19118: 19115: 19113: 19110: 19109: 19108: 19105: 19104: 19102: 19100: 19096: 19090: 19087: 19085: 19082: 19078: 19075: 19074: 19073: 19070: 19068: 19067:Lists of Jews 19065: 19063: 19060: 19058: 19055: 19053: 19050: 19048: 19045: 19043: 19040: 19038: 19035: 19034: 19032: 19030: 19026: 19020: 19017: 19015: 19012: 19010: 19007: 19005: 19002: 19000: 18997: 18995: 18992: 18990: 18987: 18985: 18982: 18980: 18977: 18976: 18974: 18972: 18968: 18962: 18959: 18957: 18954: 18953: 18950: 18946: 18942: 18935: 18930: 18928: 18923: 18921: 18916: 18915: 18912: 18906: 18899: 18887: 18884: 18882: 18879: 18877: 18874: 18872: 18869: 18867: 18864: 18862: 18859: 18857: 18854: 18852: 18849: 18847: 18844: 18842: 18839: 18837: 18834: 18832: 18829: 18827: 18824: 18822: 18819: 18817: 18814: 18812: 18809: 18807: 18804: 18802: 18801:The Holocaust 18799: 18797: 18794: 18792: 18789: 18788: 18786: 18782: 18776: 18773: 18771: 18768: 18766: 18763: 18761: 18758: 18756: 18753: 18751: 18750:Jerusalem Day 18748: 18746: 18743: 18741: 18740:Yom HaZikaron 18738: 18737: 18735: 18731: 18721: 18718: 18716: 18713: 18711: 18708: 18706: 18703: 18701: 18698: 18696: 18693: 18691: 18688: 18686: 18683: 18681: 18678: 18677: 18674: 18671: 18663: 18657: 18654: 18652: 18649: 18647: 18644: 18642: 18639: 18637: 18634: 18632: 18629: 18627: 18624: 18622: 18619: 18617: 18614: 18612: 18609: 18607: 18604: 18602: 18599: 18597: 18594: 18592: 18589: 18587: 18584: 18582: 18579: 18577: 18574: 18572: 18569: 18567: 18564: 18562: 18559: 18557: 18554: 18552: 18549: 18547: 18544: 18542: 18539: 18537: 18534: 18532: 18529: 18527: 18524: 18522: 18519: 18517: 18514: 18512: 18509: 18507: 18504: 18502: 18499: 18497: 18494: 18492: 18489: 18487: 18484: 18482: 18479: 18477: 18474: 18473: 18471: 18469: 18468:Organizations 18465: 18459: 18456: 18454: 18451: 18449: 18446: 18444: 18441: 18439: 18436: 18434: 18431: 18429: 18426: 18424: 18423:Proto-Zionism 18421: 18419: 18416: 18414: 18411: 18409: 18406: 18404: 18401: 18399: 18396: 18394: 18391: 18389: 18386: 18384: 18381: 18380: 18378: 18376: 18372: 18367: 18357: 18354: 18352: 18349: 18347: 18344: 18342: 18339: 18337: 18334: 18332: 18329: 18327: 18324: 18322: 18321:Promised Land 18319: 18317: 18314: 18312: 18309: 18307: 18306:Law of Return 18304: 18302: 18299: 18296: 18292: 18289: 18287: 18284: 18282: 18279: 18277: 18274: 18272: 18269: 18268: 18266: 18262: 18258: 18251: 18246: 18244: 18239: 18237: 18232: 18231: 18228: 18222: 18218: 18214: 18211: 18209: 18205: 18201: 18200:Peter Beinart 18197: 18194: 18191: 18187: 18184: 18181: 18177: 18174: 18171: 18169: 18166: 18164: 18161: 18159:at Wikisource 18158: 18153: 18149: 18147:at Wikisource 18146: 18141: 18137: 18136: 18127: 18123: 18120: 18116: 18113: 18109: 18106: 18104: 18100: 18096: 18092: 18091: 18085: 18079: 18077: 18073: 18069: 18066: 18062: 18058: 18057: 18052: 18049: 18046: 18044: 18040: 18036: 18033: 18029: 18027: 18023: 18019: 18018: 18013: 18010: 18008: 18004: 18000: 17997: 17993: 17990: 17986: 17982: 17978: 17975: 17972: 17968: 17964: 17963: 17958: 17957: 17952: 17949: 17948: 17947: 17946: 17943: 17939: 17936: 17932: 17928: 17926: 17922: 17918: 17917: 17912: 17909: 17908: 17907: 17906: 17895: 17889: 17885: 17884: 17878: 17874: 17868: 17864: 17860: 17859: 17853: 17849: 17845: 17840: 17835: 17831: 17827: 17826: 17821: 17816: 17812: 17808: 17804: 17798: 17794: 17790: 17785: 17781: 17775: 17771: 17767: 17762: 17759:(62): 99–114. 17758: 17754: 17753: 17748: 17744: 17740: 17736: 17734:0-691-00967-8 17730: 17726: 17722: 17718: 17714: 17710: 17704: 17700: 17696: 17692: 17688: 17683: 17679: 17673: 17669: 17665: 17664: 17658: 17654: 17648: 17644: 17643: 17637: 17633: 17627: 17623: 17619: 17618: 17613: 17609: 17605: 17599: 17595: 17591: 17590: 17585: 17581: 17577: 17572: 17568: 17562: 17558: 17554: 17550: 17546: 17541: 17529: 17525: 17519: 17515: 17511: 17510: 17504: 17500: 17494: 17490: 17486: 17482: 17478: 17473: 17469: 17463: 17459: 17458: 17453: 17452:Sela, Avraham 17449: 17445: 17441: 17437: 17433: 17429: 17425: 17420: 17408: 17404: 17400: 17396: 17392: 17388: 17384: 17380: 17376: 17372: 17368: 17364: 17360: 17356: 17350: 17346: 17345: 17339: 17335: 17329: 17325: 17324: 17319: 17315: 17311: 17305: 17301: 17297: 17296: 17291: 17287: 17283: 17279: 17275: 17271: 17267: 17263: 17259: 17255: 17254: 17248: 17244: 17238: 17234: 17230: 17226: 17222: 17216: 17212: 17208: 17207: 17202: 17201:Morris, Benny 17198: 17187: 17181: 17177: 17173: 17172: 17167: 17166:Morris, Benny 17163: 17159: 17153: 17149: 17145: 17141: 17140:Morris, Benny 17137: 17133: 17127: 17123: 17119: 17118: 17113: 17112:Morris, Benny 17109: 17105: 17101: 17097: 17093: 17089: 17085: 17080: 17069: 17063: 17059: 17055: 17054: 17048: 17044: 17038: 17034: 17030: 17029: 17023: 17019: 17013: 17009: 17005: 17001: 16997: 16993: 16987: 16983: 16979: 16978: 16973: 16969: 16965: 16959: 16955: 16951: 16950: 16945: 16941: 16929: 16925: 16919: 16915: 16911: 16910: 16905: 16901: 16897: 16891: 16887: 16883: 16879: 16875: 16874: 16869: 16865: 16861: 16855: 16851: 16847: 16843: 16839: 16835: 16831: 16827: 16821: 16817: 16813: 16812: 16807: 16806:Lentin, Ronit 16803: 16799: 16793: 16789: 16785: 16784: 16778: 16774: 16768: 16764: 16760: 16759: 16754: 16750: 16746: 16740: 16736: 16732: 16731: 16726: 16722: 16718: 16712: 16708: 16704: 16699: 16692: 16691: 16686: 16682: 16667: 16660: 16656: 16652: 16648: 16642: 16638: 16634: 16630: 16626: 16622: 16618: 16614: 16610: 16606: 16602: 16598: 16597: 16591: 16579: 16575: 16571: 16567: 16563: 16559: 16555: 16549: 16545: 16541: 16536: 16532: 16526: 16522: 16518: 16513: 16509: 16503: 16499: 16495: 16490: 16478: 16474: 16468: 16464: 16460: 16459: 16453: 16449: 16443: 16439: 16435: 16431: 16427: 16422: 16410: 16406: 16400: 16396: 16392: 16391: 16386: 16385:Flapan, Simha 16382: 16370: 16366: 16360: 16356: 16352: 16351: 16346: 16342: 16330: 16326: 16320: 16316: 16312: 16311: 16306: 16302: 16290: 16286: 16280: 16276: 16272: 16271: 16266: 16265:Falk, Raphael 16262: 16258: 16252: 16248: 16244: 16243: 16237: 16233: 16228: 16224: 16218: 16214: 16213: 16207: 16203: 16199: 16195: 16191: 16187: 16183: 16179: 16175: 16170: 16165: 16161: 16157: 16153: 16152: 16147: 16142: 16138: 16132: 16128: 16124: 16120: 16116: 16112: 16111:Cohen, Hillel 16108: 16104: 16100: 16095: 16090: 16087:(1): 91–115. 16086: 16082: 16078: 16073: 16062: 16056: 16052: 16048: 16047: 16041: 16029: 16025: 16019: 16015: 16011: 16010: 16005: 16001: 15989: 15985: 15984: 15979: 15974: 15963: 15957: 15953: 15949: 15948: 15942: 15938: 15932: 15928: 15924: 15923: 15917: 15906: 15900: 15896: 15892: 15891: 15886: 15882: 15878: 15872: 15868: 15864: 15863: 15857: 15856: 15843: 15838: 15830: 15826: 15822: 15818: 15814: 15810: 15809: 15804: 15798: 15782: 15778: 15774: 15768: 15752: 15748: 15747: 15742: 15736: 15730:, Conclusion. 15729: 15724: 15717: 15713: 15709: 15705: 15701: 15697: 15693: 15689: 15685: 15678: 15671: 15666: 15664: 15656: 15651: 15644: 15638: 15631: 15626: 15624: 15616: 15611: 15609: 15601: 15595: 15588: 15583: 15581: 15579: 15571: 15566: 15564: 15562: 15554: 15549: 15547: 15539: 15534: 15527: 15522: 15515: 15510: 15508: 15506: 15504: 15502: 15500: 15498: 15496: 15488: 15483: 15476: 15471: 15469: 15452: 15448: 15442: 15434: 15428: 15424: 15420: 15413: 15406: 15393: 15389: 15383: 15379: 15375: 15374: 15366: 15350: 15346: 15340: 15336: 15335: 15327: 15308: 15301: 15295: 15279: 15275: 15274: 15269: 15262: 15255:(3): 837–891. 15254: 15250: 15243: 15227: 15223: 15219: 15213: 15202:September 24, 15198: 15197: 15192: 15185: 15178: 15174: 15171: 15166: 15159: 15155: 15152: 15147: 15139: 15135: 15134:www.nkusa.org 15131: 15125: 15117: 15113: 15110: 15105: 15097: 15093: 15089: 15085: 15078: 15067:September 24, 15063: 15059: 15052: 15044: 15040: 15036: 15032: 15028: 15024: 15020: 15016: 15009: 15001: 15000: 14995: 14988: 14982:May 2022 p.3. 14981: 14978: 14977: 14970: 14954: 14950: 14949: 14944: 14938: 14922: 14918: 14917: 14912: 14906: 14898: 14892: 14888: 14884: 14880: 14874: 14858: 14854: 14850: 14846: 14840: 14832: 14828: 14822: 14806: 14802: 14801: 14796: 14790: 14774: 14770: 14769: 14764: 14757: 14749: 14745: 14741: 14737: 14730: 14721: 14705: 14701: 14697: 14691: 14675: 14671: 14667: 14663: 14656: 14649: 14643: 14627: 14623: 14619: 14613: 14597: 14593: 14592: 14587: 14581: 14565: 14561: 14557: 14550: 14542: 14536: 14532: 14525: 14518: 14513: 14502: 14498: 14494: 14490: 14486: 14482: 14481: 14476: 14475:Flapan, Simha 14472: 14468: 14464: 14460: 14459:Flapan, Simha 14456: 14452: 14448: 14445:(1): 85–118. 14444: 14440: 14439: 14434: 14433:Morris, Benny 14430: 14426: 14422: 14421: 14416: 14415:Morris, Benny 14412: 14408: 14404: 14400: 14396: 14395: 14390: 14389:Morris, Benny 14386: 14382: 14379:. Cambridge: 14378: 14374: 14373:Morris, Benny 14370: 14369: 14365: 14354: 14347: 14340: 14332: 14326: 14322: 14321: 14313: 14305: 14301: 14297: 14293: 14289: 14285: 14284: 14275: 14267: 14263: 14256: 14249: 14244: 14240: 14236: 14232: 14226: 14210: 14206: 14205: 14200: 14193: 14177: 14173: 14169: 14162: 14146: 14142: 14141: 14136: 14129: 14121: 14115: 14110: 14103: 14099: 14093: 14084: 14080: 14077: 14074: 14070: 14067: 14063: 14060: 14059: 14056: 14048:, pp. 88 14047: 14044: 14041: 14037: 14035:, p. 139 14034: 14031: 14028: 14024: 14023: 14019: 14015: 14014: 14010: 14006: 14002: 13996: 13992: 13988: 13983: 13979: 13973: 13969: 13965: 13960: 13957: 13953: 13950: 13946: 13943: 13939: 13938: 13935: 13927: 13923: 13917: 13908: 13904: 13900: 13894: 13891:. p. 9. 13890: 13886: 13881: 13877: 13871: 13867: 13863: 13858: 13854: 13848: 13844: 13839: 13838: 13832: 13828: 13824: 13818: 13814: 13810: 13809: 13803: 13800: 13796: 13792: 13786: 13782: 13777: 13773: 13767: 13763: 13759: 13758: 13752: 13740: 13736: 13732: 13728: 13722: 13718: 13714: 13709: 13708: 13702: 13698: 13694: 13688: 13684: 13680: 13676: 13675: 13670: 13669:Chomsky, Noam 13666: 13663: 13660: 13656: 13650: 13646: 13641: 13640: 13637: 13628: 13627: 13616: 13612: 13611:"Judeophobia" 13605: 13596: 13592: 13589: 13585: 13582: 13578: 13577: 13574: 13558: 13555:(11): 26–27. 13554: 13550: 13549: 13544: 13537: 13530: 13526: 13523: 13517: 13509: 13503: 13499: 13492: 13473: 13466: 13459: 13457: 13440: 13436: 13430: 13426: 13422: 13421: 13413: 13406: 13402: 13399: 13394: 13378: 13374: 13370: 13364: 13356: 13352: 13348: 13344: 13340: 13336: 13333:(3): 576–99. 13332: 13328: 13321: 13312: 13306: 13302: 13299: 13295: 13289: 13281: 13277: 13273: 13269: 13265: 13261: 13254: 13247: 13243: 13240: 13234: 13225: 13207: 13203: 13199: 13195: 13188:September 17, 13183: 13179: 13175: 13168:September 17, 13163: 13159: 13155: 13148:September 17, 13143: 13139: 13135: 13134: 13128:September 17, 13123: 13119: 13112: 13105: 13092: 13088: 13084: 13080: 13076: 13072: 13065: 13058: 13045: 13041: 13037: 13031: 13015: 13011: 13010: 13005: 12999: 12997: 12990: 12986: 12983: 12979: 12975: 12970: 12964: 12961: 12955: 12939: 12935: 12931: 12927: 12923: 12922: 12917: 12910: 12894: 12890: 12884: 12868: 12864: 12858: 12842: 12838: 12837: 12832: 12825: 12817: 12811: 12795: 12791: 12787: 12781: 12765: 12761: 12757: 12753: 12747: 12739: 12735: 12729: 12722:. p. 84. 12721: 12717: 12713: 12712:Cohen, Hillel 12707: 12700: 12695: 12679: 12675: 12674: 12669: 12663: 12647: 12643: 12639: 12632: 12616: 12612: 12608: 12602: 12593: 12585: 12581: 12574: 12566: 12562: 12561: 12556: 12549: 12541: 12537: 12531: 12523: 12517: 12501: 12497: 12491: 12475: 12472:(in Hebrew). 12471: 12470: 12465: 12456: 12454: 12446: 12441: 12439: 12422: 12418: 12414: 12407: 12391: 12387: 12383: 12376: 12368: 12364: 12357: 12341: 12337: 12330: 12322: 12316: 12312: 12308: 12301: 12285: 12281: 12275: 12268: 12264: 12260: 12259: 12254: 12247: 12238: 12229: 12220: 12211: 12203: 12197: 12193: 12186: 12170: 12166: 12162: 12156: 12140: 12136: 12132: 12126: 12118: 12112: 12108: 12101: 12093: 12087: 12083: 12080:. Cambridge: 12079: 12072: 12064: 12058: 12054: 12047: 12039: 12035: 12031: 12025: 12023: 12014: 12007: 11999: 11995: 11991: 11987: 11984:(1/2): 8–13. 11983: 11979: 11972: 11964: 11957: 11950: 11945: 11941: 11937: 11933: 11928: 11923: 11919: 11915: 11911: 11904: 11888: 11884: 11883: 11878: 11871: 11855: 11851: 11850: 11845: 11841: 11835: 11827: 11823: 11817: 11810: 11806: 11802: 11801:Lenni Brenner 11797: 11790: 11785: 11777: 11773: 11769: 11765: 11761: 11757: 11753: 11749: 11748: 11740: 11732: 11728: 11724: 11720: 11716: 11712: 11711: 11703: 11687: 11683: 11682: 11677: 11670: 11659: 11655: 11654: 11646: 11639: 11623: 11619: 11618: 11613: 11606: 11595: 11588: 11587: 11579: 11563: 11559: 11558: 11553: 11550:Shavit, Ari. 11546: 11539: 11535: 11529: 11525: 11521: 11516: 11515: 11506: 11498: 11491: 11475: 11471: 11470: 11465: 11458: 11442: 11438: 11434: 11428: 11426: 11417: 11413: 11409: 11403: 11399: 11395: 11388: 11380: 11376: 11372: 11368: 11364: 11360: 11359: 11351: 11343: 11339: 11335: 11331: 11327: 11323: 11322:CrossCurrents 11316: 11309: 11305: 11302: 11297: 11290: 11285: 11278: 11273: 11257: 11253: 11252: 11247: 11241: 11233: 11229: 11223: 11217: 11213: 11210: 11206: 11201: 11185: 11181: 11175: 11171: 11167: 11166: 11158: 11151: 11147: 11141: 11133: 11131:9780805065879 11127: 11123: 11116: 11109: 11108:Jewish Agency 11105: 11102:, founder of 11101: 11100:Arthur Ruppin 11097: 11096:Moshe Shertok 11093: 11089: 11082: 11066: 11062: 11056: 11052: 11051: 11043: 11027: 11023: 11017: 11013: 11012: 11007: 11001: 10999: 10991: 10986: 10970: 10966: 10960: 10956: 10955: 10947: 10941:, p. 70. 10940: 10935: 10928: 10923: 10921: 10913: 10908: 10901: 10896: 10889: 10884: 10877: 10872: 10865: 10860: 10844: 10840: 10836: 10830: 10821: 10814: 10810: 10807: 10802: 10794: 10790: 10784: 10775: 10768: 10762: 10746: 10742: 10736: 10732: 10731: 10723: 10707: 10703: 10697: 10693: 10689: 10688: 10680: 10672: 10668: 10664: 10660: 10656: 10652: 10648: 10644: 10637: 10621: 10617: 10613: 10609: 10603: 10595: 10591: 10584: 10577: 10572: 10563: 10556: 10553: 10547: 10532: 10528: 10527: 10522: 10516: 10509: 10505: 10502: 10496: 10488: 10484: 10480: 10476: 10472: 10468: 10461: 10459: 10450: 10443: 10427: 10423: 10416: 10400: 10396: 10395: 10390: 10384: 10376: 10370: 10366: 10362: 10361: 10356: 10350: 10342: 10338: 10334: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10316: 10312: 10308: 10301: 10293: 10287: 10283: 10279: 10278: 10273: 10272:Gessen, Masha 10267: 10260: 10257: 10254:Ėstraĭkh, G. 10251: 10235: 10231: 10225: 10221: 10220: 10212: 10196: 10192: 10186: 10182: 10178: 10177: 10169: 10162: 10149: 10145: 10139: 10135: 10131: 10130: 10122: 10120: 10112: 10100: 10094: 10090: 10086: 10081: 10080: 10071: 10055: 10051: 10045: 10041: 10037: 10036: 10028: 10026: 10024: 10007: 10003: 9997: 9993: 9992: 9984: 9968: 9964: 9958: 9954: 9950: 9949: 9941: 9934: 9929: 9922: 9917: 9909: 9905: 9898: 9891: 9886: 9870: 9866: 9860: 9856: 9852: 9851: 9843: 9827: 9823: 9819: 9818: 9810: 9808: 9792: 9790:1-902210-01-8 9786: 9782: 9778: 9777: 9769: 9750: 9746: 9742: 9735: 9729: 9721: 9717: 9713: 9709: 9705: 9701: 9697: 9693: 9686: 9678: 9672: 9668: 9664: 9658: 9642: 9638: 9637: 9632: 9625: 9617: 9613: 9609: 9605: 9601: 9597: 9593: 9589: 9582: 9580: 9571: 9567: 9563: 9559: 9555: 9551: 9544: 9542: 9540: 9538: 9529: 9523: 9519: 9512: 9504: 9500: 9496: 9492: 9488: 9484: 9480: 9476: 9472: 9468: 9461: 9453: 9449: 9445: 9441: 9437: 9433: 9429: 9425: 9421: 9417: 9409: 9401: 9397: 9393: 9389: 9385: 9381: 9377: 9373: 9366: 9358: 9352: 9348: 9341: 9334: 9329: 9321: 9315: 9310: 9303: 9299: 9295: 9292: 9287: 9280: 9275: 9273: 9271: 9263: 9258: 9256: 9254: 9252: 9250: 9242: 9237: 9230: 9225: 9217: 9211: 9206: 9199: 9194: 9192: 9190: 9181: 9175: 9170: 9168: 9160: 9155: 9153: 9145: 9144:Goldberg 2009 9140: 9138: 9130: 9125: 9123: 9106: 9102: 9098: 9092: 9073: 9069: 9062: 9061: 9053: 9044: 9028: 9024: 9020: 9014: 9006: 9000: 8996: 8989: 8981: 8975: 8971: 8967: 8966: 8958: 8950: 8944: 8940: 8939: 8931: 8923: 8919: 8915: 8911: 8907: 8903: 8899: 8892: 8876: 8872: 8868: 8862: 8854: 8848: 8844: 8840: 8839: 8831: 8829: 8821: 8816: 8809: 8804: 8797: 8792: 8790: 8782: 8777: 8775: 8773: 8765: 8760: 8758: 8750: 8744: 8737: 8724: 8720: 8716: 8712: 8708: 8704: 8700: 8696: 8692: 8691: 8686: 8679: 8672: 8659: 8655: 8651: 8647: 8643: 8639: 8635: 8631: 8627: 8626: 8621: 8614: 8605: 8598: 8593: 8585: 8581: 8577: 8571: 8567: 8563: 8556: 8549: 8543: 8536: 8531: 8524: 8519: 8511: 8507: 8503: 8497: 8493: 8486: 8478: 8474: 8470: 8466: 8462: 8458: 8454: 8450: 8443: 8436: 8431: 8424: 8419: 8417: 8415: 8407: 8402: 8400: 8398: 8396: 8394: 8392: 8390: 8388: 8386: 8384: 8382: 8374: 8369: 8362: 8357: 8341: 8337: 8333: 8329: 8325: 8321: 8317: 8313: 8309: 8308: 8303: 8296: 8289: 8284: 8282: 8274: 8269: 8265: 8261: 8257: 8253: 8249: 8245: 8241: 8237: 8236: 8231: 8225: 8219:, p. 62. 8218: 8213: 8206: 8201: 8185: 8181: 8177: 8173: 8169: 8165: 8161: 8157: 8153: 8149: 8145: 8141: 8137: 8130: 8123: 8118: 8116: 8108: 8103: 8096: 8091: 8083: 8079: 8074: 8069: 8064: 8059: 8055: 8051: 8050: 8045: 8041: 8035: 8033: 8025: 8020: 8013: 8008: 8006: 8004: 7996: 7991: 7989: 7987: 7985: 7983: 7981: 7973: 7968: 7961: 7956: 7949: 7944: 7937: 7932: 7925: 7920: 7913: 7908: 7906: 7898: 7893: 7891: 7889: 7881: 7876: 7874: 7872: 7870: 7868: 7866: 7864: 7856: 7851: 7849: 7841: 7836: 7834: 7826: 7821: 7819: 7817: 7815: 7813: 7811: 7803: 7798: 7796: 7794: 7777: 7773: 7769: 7765: 7764: 7759: 7752: 7744: 7740: 7733: 7725: 7719: 7715: 7711: 7710: 7702: 7695: 7690: 7683: 7678: 7671: 7666: 7659: 7654: 7652: 7645:, p. 10. 7644: 7639: 7631: 7625: 7621: 7617: 7610: 7602: 7598: 7594: 7588: 7584: 7580: 7576: 7572: 7565: 7558: 7553: 7551: 7549: 7547: 7545: 7543: 7535: 7530: 7523: 7510: 7506: 7500: 7496: 7495: 7490: 7484: 7476: 7471:, p. 40. 7470: 7465: 7458: 7452: 7441: 7437: 7433: 7429: 7422: 7415: 7408: 7403: 7401: 7399: 7391: 7386: 7384: 7376:. p. 15. 7375: 7371: 7367: 7361: 7354: 7349: 7347: 7345: 7343: 7341: 7339: 7337: 7335: 7333: 7325: 7321:. p. 1. 7320: 7316: 7309: 7302: 7297: 7290: 7274: 7270: 7269: 7262: 7255: 7242: 7238: 7237: 7229: 7214: 7210: 7206: 7202: 7196: 7192: 7188: 7184: 7180: 7173: 7165: 7158: 7150: 7143: 7136: 7131: 7124: 7119: 7117: 7106: 7103: 7100: 7097: 7096: 7092: 7085: 7082: 7078: 7074: 7068: 7049: 7045: 7039: 7035: 7034: 7028: 7016: 7012: 7006: 7003:. p. 9. 7002: 6998: 6997: 6991: 6979: 6975: 6969: 6965: 6964: 6958: 6956:, p. 314 6955: 6952: 6951: 6947: 6941: 6937: 6933: 6930: 6926: 6920: 6912:, pp. 247–248 6911: 6907: 6905:, pp. 31, 136 6904: 6900: 6897: 6893: 6890: 6886: 6883: 6879: 6876: 6872: 6869: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6852: 6847: 6843: 6839: 6834: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6820: 6816: 6813: 6809: 6806: 6802: 6799: 6795: 6792: 6788: 6785: 6781: 6778: 6775: 6771: 6768: 6764: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6756: 6748: 6742: 6726: 6722: 6718: 6714: 6713: 6708: 6701: 6694: 6690: 6685: 6669: 6665: 6659: 6655: 6654: 6646: 6627: 6623: 6617: 6613: 6609: 6608: 6603: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6586: 6583: 6582: 6578: 6571: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6560: 6558: 6556: 6549:, p. 36. 6548: 6543: 6536: 6531: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6511: 6507: 6503: 6496: 6480: 6476: 6470: 6466: 6462: 6461: 6453: 6446: 6433: 6429: 6423: 6419: 6415: 6414: 6406: 6404: 6393: 6390: 6378: 6374: 6368: 6364: 6363: 6357: 6354: 6350: 6344: 6340: 6336: 6331: 6330: 6323: 6322: 6318: 6308: 6306: 6301: 6287: 6283: 6277: 6273: 6269: 6268: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6241: 6237: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6211: 6207: 6201: 6197: 6193: 6192: 6186: 6183: 6171: 6167: 6161: 6157: 6156: 6151: 6147: 6146: 6142: 6126: 6122: 6121: 6116: 6110: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6095:Conforti 2024 6093: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6081: 6077: 6067: 6064: 6061: 6057: 6054: 6051: 6048: 6045: 6042: 6039: 6036: 6033: 6030: 6027: 6023: 6020: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6008: 6005: 6002: 6001: 5997: 5995: 5980:September 28, 5975: 5971: 5965: 5961: 5960:Courier Dover 5957: 5953: 5952: 5947: 5943: 5939: 5937:, p. 604 5936: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5927:Hijaz Railway 5924: 5920: 5916: 5915:Litanni river 5912: 5905: 5899: 5895: 5891: 5890: 5884: 5883: 5879: 5872: 5868: 5854: 5850: 5844: 5840: 5839: 5831: 5822:, p. 604 5821: 5818: 5816:, p. 120 5815: 5814:Abramson 2004 5812: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5788: 5787: 5783: 5767: 5763: 5757: 5755: 5747: 5743: 5739: 5736: 5735: 5730: 5729:The Iron Wall 5726: 5720: 5713: 5710: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5684: 5676: 5674: 5663: 5662: 5658: 5652: 5646: 5642: 5638: 5637: 5631: 5628: 5625: 5620: 5616: 5615:Arthur Ruppin 5610: 5604: 5600: 5596: 5591: 5588: 5580:September 17, 5576: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5558: 5554: 5550: 5545: 5544: 5540: 5524: 5520: 5514: 5510: 5506: 5502: 5498: 5497: 5489: 5474: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5456: 5455: 5447: 5440: 5439:Conforti 2024 5435: 5433: 5428: 5415: 5409: 5403: 5397: 5390: 5383: 5374: 5364: 5354: 5348: 5342: 5336: 5330: 5323: 5317: 5311: 5305: 5295: 5285: 5276: 5267: 5258: 5249: 5242: 5236: 5229: 5223: 5216: 5207: 5201: 5192: 5188: 5187: 5178: 5141: 5137: 5125: 5118: 5112: 5102: 5095: 5089: 5078: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5059: 5053: 5049: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4984: 4977: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4958: 4956: 4955:Patrick Wolfe 4952: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4937: 4932: 4930: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4906: 4902: 4896: 4886: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4807: 4806: 4805: 4803: 4799: 4795: 4791: 4787: 4782: 4780: 4774: 4769: 4765: 4755: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4741: 4740:Neturei Karta 4733: 4732:Neturei Karta 4728: 4724: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4680: 4670: 4668: 4664: 4659: 4657: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4628: 4625: 4624:Louis Fischer 4620: 4616: 4611: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4576: 4575:1947–1949 war 4572: 4567: 4565: 4561: 4560:Derek Penslar 4556: 4555:Michael Prior 4552: 4548: 4546: 4542: 4538: 4534: 4530: 4529:Michael Prior 4526: 4522: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4497: 4493: 4492:Michael Prior 4489: 4485: 4484:chosen people 4481: 4477: 4473: 4464: 4459: 4455: 4451: 4441: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4426: 4420: 4417: 4413: 4409: 4403: 4399: 4395: 4385: 4382: 4378: 4373: 4371: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4346: 4345:Neturei Karta 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4317: 4314: 4305: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4271: 4267: 4257: 4255: 4251: 4245: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4226: 4220: 4216: 4206: 4204: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4186: 4184: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4168: 4163: 4161: 4156: 4154: 4150: 4145: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4123: 4119: 4118:Israeli Druze 4115: 4110: 4100: 4098: 4094: 4089: 4087: 4082: 4078: 4074: 4064: 4062: 4058: 4053: 4051: 4047: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4034:Nonie Darwish 4031: 4026: 4024: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4007: 4005: 4001: 3997: 3995: 3991: 3988: 3987:Major-General 3984: 3980: 3976: 3971: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3956: 3954: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3937:both Horatius 3934: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3918: 3913: 3911: 3907: 3903: 3902:Anita Shapira 3895: 3891: 3886: 3880: 3870: 3868: 3864: 3859: 3850: 3848: 3844: 3840: 3836: 3832: 3827: 3825: 3824: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3791: 3786: 3784: 3779: 3777: 3772: 3771: 3769: 3768: 3763: 3753: 3751: 3741: 3740: 3739: 3738: 3731: 3728: 3724: 3721: 3720: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3708:National camp 3706: 3704: 3701: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3661: 3660: 3657: 3656: 3650: 3649: 3642: 3641: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3628: 3627: 3623: 3621: 3620: 3616: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3608: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3596: 3592: 3590: 3589: 3585: 3584: 3578: 3577: 3570: 3567: 3565: 3562: 3561: 3560: 3559: 3553: 3550: 3548: 3545: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3504: 3503: 3498:Organisations 3495: 3494: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3472: 3469: 3467: 3464: 3463: 3457: 3456: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3395: 3394: 3393: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3376:Otzma Yehudit 3374: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3357: 3354: 3352: 3349: 3347: 3346:Degel HaTorah 3344: 3342: 3339: 3338: 3337: 3329: 3328: 3318: 3317: 3313: 3308: 3307: 3303: 3297: 3293: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3223: 3220: 3218: 3215: 3213: 3210: 3209: 3203: 3202: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3180: 3177: 3175: 3172: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3157: 3155: 3152: 3150: 3147: 3146: 3143:Intellectuals 3140: 3139: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3122: 3119: 3117: 3114: 3112: 3109: 3107: 3104: 3102: 3099: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3087: 3085: 3082: 3081: 3080: 3077: 3072: 3071: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3060: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3053:Jewish values 3051: 3047: 3046:Chosen people 3044: 3043: 3042: 3039: 3035: 3032: 3031: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3018: 3015: 3014: 3013: 3009: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2997: 2994: 2990: 2987: 2986: 2985: 2984:Anti-Islamism 2982: 2980: 2977: 2973: 2970: 2969: 2968: 2965: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2954: 2948: 2947: 2938: 2935: 2933: 2930: 2928: 2925: 2924: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2915: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2895: 2894: 2888: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2878: 2875: 2870: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2860: 2856: 2846: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2831: 2826: 2821: 2819: 2807: 2806:colonization. 2802: 2800: 2799: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2778: 2774: 2769: 2759: 2757: 2753: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2731: 2728: 2724: 2722: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2701: 2697: 2694:, during the 2693: 2688: 2683: 2673: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2658:1977 election 2655: 2651: 2646: 2644: 2639: 2635: 2629: 2627: 2623: 2618: 2614: 2613:Second Aliyah 2610: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2592: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2573:Labor Zionism 2567:Labor Zionism 2564: 2562: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2541: 2540: 2538: 2533: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2510: 2508: 2503: 2499: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2482: 2478: 2475: 2473:South Africa 2472: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2449: 2445: 2442: 2439: 2438: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2427: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2397: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2377: 2372: 2368: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2333:Yitzhak Rabin 2330: 2329:messianic era 2326: 2322: 2318: 2308: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2289: 2284: 2280: 2278: 2275:supported by 2274: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2258: 2254: 2251:, before the 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2222: 2217: 2213: 2211: 2206: 2203:In 1947, the 2201: 2198: 2193: 2186: 2181: 2172: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2120:the Holocaust 2113: 2109: 2104: 2099: 2097: 2086: 2084: 2080: 2078: 2074: 2072: 2068: 2066: 2062: 2059: 2058: 2054: 2052: 2048: 2046: 2042: 2040: 2036: 2034: 2030: 2027: 2026: 2022: 2020: 2016: 2014: 2010: 2008: 2004: 2002: 1998: 1995: 1994: 1990: 1988: 1984: 1982: 1978: 1976: 1972: 1970: 1966: 1963: 1962: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1936: 1930: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1894: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1862: 1860: 1854: 1849: 1847: 1844:In 1922, the 1839: 1835: 1830: 1825: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1814:American Jews 1808: 1803: 1798: 1794: 1784: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1769: 1767: 1763: 1758: 1756: 1752: 1747: 1743: 1737: 1735: 1731: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1713: 1709: 1704: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1681: 1679: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1641: 1637: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1605: 1604:Mahane Yehuda 1602: 1601: 1597: 1596: 1592: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1582: 1581: 1580: 1571: 1568: 1567: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1549: 1545: 1544: 1543: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1514: 1511: 1510: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1485: 1484:Jewish Agency 1482: 1479: 1478:Keren Hayesod 1476: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1451: 1442: 1437: 1430: 1429: 1423: 1422: 1416: 1412: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1396: 1392: 1383: 1380: 1376: 1371: 1369: 1363: 1359: 1356: 1355: 1348: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1328: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1313: 1302: 1298: 1296: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1277: 1275: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1238: 1236: 1232: 1231:Mordecai Noah 1228: 1224: 1220: 1215: 1209: 1208: 1202: 1198: 1195: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1166: 1164: 1163:Judah Alkalai 1160: 1157:(1789-1852), 1156: 1152: 1151:proto-Zionist 1147: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1132:Sabbatai Zevi 1128: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1105: 1103: 1099: 1098: 1091: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1076:Judah Alkalai 1070: 1060: 1058: 1054: 1053: 1048: 1044: 1041:an augury - " 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1027:messianic age 1023: 1021: 1017: 1014:, and not to 1013: 1008: 1004: 997: 993: 989: 985: 973: 967: 957: 955: 951: 947: 946:Modern Hebrew 943: 938: 936: 932: 928: 923: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 884: 877: 876:Modern Hebrew 873: 869: 865: 860: 856: 855:Modern Hebrew 850: 840: 838: 833: 831: 827: 823: 819: 814: 812: 807: 801: 792: 783: 780: 779:anti-Zionists 776: 772: 768: 767:Promised Land 764: 759: 757: 756:Arthur Ruppin 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 732: 730: 726: 722: 716: 706: 704: 698: 693: 691: 687: 683: 673: 671: 665: 663: 659: 653: 651: 647: 632: 630: 626: 622: 618: 615:In 1975, the 613: 610: 605: 601: 595: 593: 589: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 560: 559:Great Britain 556: 552: 547: 545: 541: 536: 530: 527: 522: 521:unassimilated 518: 514: 509: 508: 502: 501:Theodor Herzl 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 474: 466: 461: 457: 455: 451: 450:Labor Zionism 447: 443: 439: 435: 428: 418: 416: 415: 411:'s 1882 book 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 369: 363: 354: 350: 349: 338: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 250: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 229:and later to 228: 224: 220: 216: 210: 208: 204: 199: 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 158: 157:Uganda Scheme 154: 153:Theodor Herzl 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 121: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 95: 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 59: 58: 52: 51:Theodor Herzl 48: 44: 40: 33: 19: 25360:Nation state 25275:Anationalism 25113: 25015:Expansionist 24775: 24765: 24764: 24754: 24753: 24739: 24738: 24687: 24663: 24659: 24649: 24643: 24597: 24596: 24589: 24571:Israeli Jews 24538: 24521: / 24512: 24472: 24419: 24418: 24347:Székely Land 24312:Pashtunistan 24162:Balawaristan 23935:South Slavic 23925:Scandinavian 23455:Volga Region 23069:in Sri Lanka 22927:Eastern Asia 22873: 22788:Puerto Rican 22603:North Africa 22587:Nationalisms 22534:State Shinto 22494:Ancient Rome 22413:969 Movement 22397:Buddhist law 22216: 22188:Jewish right 22046:Islamization 21880:Subsidiarity 21867:In Argentina 21819:Febronianism 21167:Architecture 21090:Human rights 21063:Demographics 20938:Conscription 20790:Jordan River 20685:Independence 20667: 20569: 20562: 20548: 20471: 20464: 20452: 20435: 20418: 20252:perspectives 20086:Samaritanism 20047:Neo-Hasidism 20027:Conservative 19941:Names of God 19850: 19831: 19641:Judaeo-Greek 19636:Judeo-Gascon 19575:Lishán Didán 19570:Lishana Deni 19538:Judeo-Yemeni 19506:Judeo-Arabic 19380:Meshuchrarim 19299:Persian Jews 19232:Kurdish Jews 19210:Kaifeng Jews 19159:Beta Abraham 19122:Galitzianers 19077:Antisemitism 19052:Israeli Jews 19037:Assimilation 19018: 18816:Not one inch 18806:Antisemitism 18796:Anti-Zionism 18755:Yom HaAliyah 18551:Habonim Dror 18481:Hovevei Zion 18418:Post-Zionism 18301:Jewish state 18256: 18189: 18125: 18118: 18111: 18098: 18088: 18071: 18055: 18048:David Hazony 18038: 18031: 18015: 18002: 17995: 17984: 17980: 17961: 17950: 17930: 17920: 17910: 17882: 17857: 17829: 17823: 17788: 17765: 17756: 17750: 17720: 17686: 17662: 17642:Three Worlds 17641: 17616: 17588: 17575: 17544: 17532:. Retrieved 17508: 17476: 17456: 17430:(1): 44–83. 17427: 17423: 17413:November 23, 17411:. Retrieved 17378: 17374: 17343: 17322: 17294: 17257: 17251: 17232: 17205: 17189:. Retrieved 17170: 17148:Random House 17143: 17116: 17087: 17083: 17071:. Retrieved 17052: 17027: 17003: 17000:Masalha, Nur 16976: 16972:Masalha, Nur 16948: 16944:Masalha, Nur 16934:February 19, 16932:. Retrieved 16908: 16904:Masalha, Nur 16872: 16845: 16810: 16782: 16757: 16729: 16702: 16689: 16673:. Retrieved 16636: 16633:Hirst, David 16600: 16594: 16582:. Retrieved 16573: 16569: 16539: 16516: 16493: 16481:. Retrieved 16457: 16425: 16413:. Retrieved 16389: 16373:. Retrieved 16349: 16333:. Retrieved 16309: 16293:. Retrieved 16269: 16241: 16211: 16155: 16149: 16122: 16084: 16080: 16064:. Retrieved 16045: 16032:. Retrieved 16008: 15992:. Retrieved 15981: 15965:. Retrieved 15946: 15921: 15908:. Retrieved 15889: 15861: 15837: 15812: 15806: 15797: 15785:. Retrieved 15776: 15767: 15755:. Retrieved 15744: 15735: 15723: 15715: 15687: 15683: 15677: 15650: 15637: 15615:Friling 2016 15594: 15587:Shapira 2016 15533: 15521: 15487:Khalidi 2020 15482: 15455:. Retrieved 15451:the original 15441: 15418: 15412: 15403: 15398:February 14, 15396:. Retrieved 15372: 15365: 15353:. Retrieved 15333: 15326: 15314:. Retrieved 15294: 15284:December 13, 15282:. Retrieved 15273:The Guardian 15271: 15261: 15252: 15248: 15242: 15232:November 17, 15230:. Retrieved 15226:the original 15221: 15212: 15200:. Retrieved 15194: 15184: 15165: 15146: 15138:the original 15133: 15124: 15104: 15087: 15083: 15077: 15065:. Retrieved 15061: 15051: 15018: 15014: 15008: 14997: 14987: 14975: 14969: 14957:. Retrieved 14946: 14937: 14925:. Retrieved 14914: 14905: 14885:. New York: 14882: 14873: 14861:. Retrieved 14857:the original 14848: 14839: 14831:the original 14821: 14809:. Retrieved 14798: 14789: 14777:. Retrieved 14768:The Guardian 14766: 14756: 14739: 14735: 14729: 14720: 14708:. Retrieved 14699: 14690: 14678:. Retrieved 14674:the original 14669: 14665: 14655: 14647: 14642: 14630:. Retrieved 14621: 14612: 14600:. Retrieved 14589: 14580: 14568:. Retrieved 14564:the original 14549: 14530: 14524: 14512: 14484: 14478: 14462: 14442: 14436: 14424: 14418: 14398: 14392: 14376: 14364: 14353:the original 14339: 14319: 14312: 14287: 14281: 14274: 14261: 14255: 14246: 14243:the original 14238: 14225: 14213:. Retrieved 14202: 14192: 14180:. Retrieved 14176:the original 14171: 14161: 14151:December 13, 14149:. Retrieved 14140:The Guardian 14138: 14128: 14114:Laqueur 2003 14109: 14101: 14092: 14082: 14072: 14065: 14062:Said, Edward 14055: 14039: 14026: 14018:Genesis 1948 14017: 14008: 13986: 13963: 13955: 13948: 13941: 13934: 13925: 13916: 13906: 13884: 13861: 13836: 13807: 13798: 13780: 13756: 13745:November 14, 13743:. Retrieved 13739:the original 13706: 13701:Masalha, Nur 13673: 13644: 13636: 13621:December 14, 13619:. 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Retrieved 5453: 5446: 5414:Penslar 2023 5408: 5402:Penslar 2023 5396: 5382: 5373: 5363: 5353: 5347:Shapira 2014 5341: 5329: 5316: 5310:Avineri 2017 5304: 5294: 5284: 5275: 5266: 5257: 5248: 5241:Masalha 2012 5235: 5228:Masalha 2012 5222: 5140: 5124: 5116: 5111: 5101: 5094:Masalha 2012 5088: 5077: 5052: 4966:antisemitism 4959: 4933: 4917:Fayez Sayegh 4909:Noam Chomsky 4898: 4883: 4879: 4875: 4871: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4854: 4849: 4845: 4841: 4819: 4810:Noam Chomsky 4786:Noam Chomsky 4783: 4775: 4771: 4751: 4737: 4682: 4660: 4645:In 1975 the 4644: 4629: 4612: 4595: 4591: 4587:Efraim Karsh 4568: 4549: 4504:Noam Chomsky 4469: 4437:John Paul II 4421: 4405: 4374: 4337:Muslim world 4325:Nazi Germany 4321:Soviet Union 4318: 4310: 4301: 4266:Anti-Zionism 4260:Anti-Zionism 4254:Jewish Lobby 4246: 4222: 4187: 4164: 4157: 4146: 4130:Tawfik Hamid 4127: 4090: 4070: 4054: 4042:Viva Israele 4041: 4040:, author of 4027: 4015:Joseph Smith 4008: 3998: 3990:Orde Wingate 3985:and British 3972: 3957: 3953:evangelicals 3941:Andrew Bonar 3933:C H Spurgeon 3914: 3899: 3865:, including 3860: 3856: 3828: 3821: 3810:Jewish state 3799: 3638: 3631: 3626:Makor Rishon 3624: 3619:Israel Hayom 3617: 3605: 3593: 3586: 3557: 3556: 3547:Mercaz Olami 3501: 3391: 3390: 3335: 3314: 3304: 3029:Jewish state 2989:Islamophobia 2967:Anti-Arabism 2921: 2841:, including 2832: 2828: 2823: 2815: 2804: 2796: 2789:Jordan River 2782: 2751: 2746: 2733:Philosopher 2732: 2725: 2705: 2647: 2630: 2588: 2558: 2534: 2511: 2506: 2495: 2384: 2380: 2371:Benny Morris 2364: 2355: 2350: 2314: 2292: 2259:. After the 2209: 2202: 2189: 2117: 2101: 2092: 2082: 2076: 2070: 2064: 2050: 2044: 2038: 2032: 2018: 2012: 2006: 2000: 1986: 1980: 1974: 1968: 1903:Adolf Hitler 1900: 1890: 1874: 1863: 1856: 1851: 1843: 1822: 1818: 1811: 1781: 1770: 1759: 1738: 1725:ante-chamber 1705: 1693:2 Samuel 5:7 1682: 1643: 1578: 1577: 1566:(1920–1948) 1541: 1507: 1496: 1419: 1408:Simon Dubnow 1403: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1378: 1366: 1364: 1360: 1349: 1329: 1316: 1308: 1299: 1278: 1270: 1254: 1239: 1216: 1213: 1205: 1183: 1172: 1155:Yehuda Bibas 1148: 1140:Aaron Lapapa 1129: 1106: 1095: 1092: 1088: 1072: 1051: 1024: 999: 939: 924: 922:of Judaism. 908:Hebrew Bible 885: 881: 834: 818:Ronit Lentin 815: 804:make Jewish 802: 798: 789: 760: 733: 725:Raphael Falk 718: 700: 695: 690:antisemitism 679: 666: 662:Martin Buber 654: 650:Eretz Israel 643: 614: 596: 576:world's Jews 548: 535:World War II 531: 512: 481:secular Jews 470: 438:Eretz Israel 437: 430: 412: 409:Leon Pinsker 404: 400: 381:Hebrew Bible 375:, a hill in 346: 344: 317:as noted in 301:and share a 291:repatriation 258:colonization 251: 211: 133:antisemitism 122: 82:colonization 80:through the 78:Jewish state 65: 64: 43: 25383: [ 25330:Irredentism 25218:Territorial 24838:Development 24831:Nationalism 24352:Tamil Eelam 24332:Saraikistan 24212:Hatay State 24167:Balochistan 24121:Wallmapuwen 23815:Bangladeshi 23287:Montenegrin 23191:Azerbaijani 23155:Pan-Turkism 22896:Palestinian 22839:Middle East 22747:Greenlandic 22651:East Africa 22502:Gottgläubig 22420:Nichirenism 22173:Jewish left 22056:Petro-Islam 21992:In Pakistan 21846:Papal state 21824:Gallicanism 21809:Cisalpinism 21374:Divine rule 21350:Clericalism 21217:Visual arts 21162:Archaeology 20982:Agriculture 20651:Middle Ages 20494:Catholicism 20076:Hellenistic 19914:Eschatology 19852:Lachoudisch 19777:Lotegorisch 19755:Lachoudisch 19745:Koiné Greek 19658:Judeo-Latin 19595:Palestinian 19489:Palestinian 19338:Mustaʿravim 19264:Afghan Jews 19252:Berber Jews 19176:Bene Israel 19164:Falash Mura 19154:Beta Israel 19072:Persecution 19014:Middle Ages 18666:History and 18433:Non-Zionism 18428:Neo-Zionism 18393:Revisionist 18351:Judaization 18192:, July 2010 18168:WZO website 17985:Melu Kolupu 17793:Pluto Press 17612:Shlaim, Avi 17594:Verso Books 17584:Shlaim, Avi 17290:Pappé, Ilan 17191:January 21, 17090:: 117–134. 16868:Manna, Adel 16544:Basic Books 16355:Verso Books 16335:January 27, 16315:Verso Books 16162:: 483–497. 15927:Basic Books 15852:Works cited 15746:Verso Books 15600:Morris 1999 15538:Shlaim 2023 15526:Slater 2020 15514:Shafir 2016 15475:Massad 2006 15316:January 22, 15062:The Forward 14999:The Forward 14887:Basic Books 14879:Frum, David 14570:February 2, 14487:(4): 3–26. 14231:Pappé, Ilan 13713:Pluto Press 13563:October 16, 13212:October 29, 13020:January 26, 12944:January 14, 12480:October 14, 12417:The Forward 12334:anonymous. 11840:Shlaim, Avi 11717:(1): 3–27, 11104:Brit Shalom 11032:February 4, 10990:Morris 2008 10849:January 22, 10576:Flapan 1979 10355:Yapp, M. E. 10240:January 22, 10012:January 22, 9973:January 22, 9933:Hazony 2000 9890:Hazony 2000 9875:January 22, 9758:January 22, 9741:Israel Post 9262:Morris 2001 9198:Morris 1999 9174:Shafir 1996 8690:Social Text 8597:Taylor 1971 8523:Rabkin 2006 8435:Yadgar 2020 8024:Hirsch 2009 7995:Yadgar 2017 7936:Morris 1999 7855:Jacobs 2017 7840:Flapan 1979 7825:Rabkin 2006 7694:Shlaim 2001 7670:Morris 2008 7643:Taylor 1971 7407:Shlaim 2001 7099:Morris 2008 6844:, p. 4 6723:: 214–229. 6596:Shlaim 2001 6587:, p. 3 6066:Morris 2004 6050:Shlaim 2009 6044:Lentin 2010 5619:Oppenheimer 5389:Morris 1999 5335:Rabkin 2006 5072:components. 4901:Edward Said 4730:Members of 4690:nationalism 4688:and reject 4573:during the 4551:Edward Said 4533:Ian Lustick 4525:Nur Masalha 4508:Nur Masalha 4358:colonialism 4335:and in the 4333:Arab League 4276:Non-Zionism 4038:Magdi Allam 3994:Six-Day War 3968:antisemitic 3867:Sun Yat-sen 3849:of Israel. 3843:Neo-Zionism 3831:Six-Day War 3588:Arutz Sheva 3542:Machon Meir 3512:Gush Emunim 3206:Politicians 3126:Three Oaths 3116:Sovereignty 3079:Nationalism 3012:Irredentism 3006:Familialism 3001:Clericalism 2957:Agrarianism 2937:Revisionist 2793:Transjordan 2652:during the 2595:antisemitic 2296:Soviet Jews 1911:Nazi allies 1832:During the 1697:1 Kings 8:1 1666:Mesopotamia 1593:(1940–1948) 1587:(1931–1948) 1572:(1941–1948) 1560:(1909–1920) 1554:(1907–1909) 1250:Judah Touro 1185:Reform Jews 1117:Joseph Nasi 1115:. In 1564, 902:during the 773:" and the " 754:party, and 600:Leo Pinsker 499:journalist 341:Terminology 323:colonialist 299:persecution 278:Brit Shalom 270:revisionist 177:Mesopotamia 70:nationalist 25488:Categories 25392:Revanchism 25049:Linguistic 24995:Ecological 24767:Gaza Strip 24736:Green Line 24519:Prehistory 24398:Indigenous 24342:Sindhudesh 24322:Santa Cruz 24242:Hutu Power 24172:Bangsamoro 23763:Australian 23738:Lithuanian 23653:Andalusian 23431:Circassian 23395:Belarusian 23343:in Austria 23277:Macedonian 23233:in Albania 23122:Vietnamese 22956:Hongkonger 22949:chauvinist 22630:Pharaonism 22344:Rama Rajya 22311:Bangabhumi 22212:Poale Zion 22168:Jewish law 21985:by country 21979:Sharia law 21529:Secularity 21524:Secularism 21182:Literature 21085:Healthcare 20901:Censorship 20862:Basic Laws 20661:Old Yishuv 20489:Anabaptism 20431:Jew (word) 20298:Leadership 20111:Literature 20096:Secularism 20042:Humanistic 19909:Conversion 19879:Philosophy 19720:Judeo-Urdu 19484:Babylonian 19329:Saada Jews 19314:Adeni Jews 19107:Ashkenazim 19062:Samaritans 19029:Population 18984:Israelites 18546:Bnei Akiva 18526:Poale Zion 18453:Yiddishist 18375:Ideologies 18331:Settlement 18108:Taub, Gadi 17791:. London: 17691:De Gruyter 17549:De Gruyter 17481:De Gruyter 17253:AJS Review 16430:De Gruyter 16395:Croom Helm 15655:Karsh 2000 15643:Dowty 2022 15630:Dowty 2022 15355:August 13, 15276:. London. 15119:worldwide. 14517:Pappé 2006 14467:Croom Helm 14427:: 671–685. 14143:. London. 14046:Pappé 2006 14033:Hirst 2003 13922:Ali, Tariq 13715:. p.  13681:. p.  13662:Hirst 2003 11893:August 31, 11522:. p.  11469:The Tablet 11416:j.ctt7sdts 10590:Commentary 10546:Mr. Janner 10087:. p.  9921:Herzl 1896 9832:January 8, 9796:October 9, 9210:Gorny 1987 8810:, Zionism. 8584:1089437441 8205:Olson 2007 8122:Baker 2017 7948:Gorni 1987 7897:White 2012 7782:October 8, 7658:Wolfe 2006 6875:Croom Helm 6825:Pappé 2006 6780:Pappé Ilan 6570:Gorni 1987 6392:Pappé 2006 6337:. p.  6123:. Oxford. 6084:Gorni 1987 6056:Pappé 2006 6026:Ipso facto 6016:Cohen 2017 6004:Manna 2022 5935:Motyl 2001 5911:the Jordan 5820:Motyl 2001 5587:colonizers 5555:. London: 5423:References 5195:צִיּוֹנוּת 5022:Romanistan 4913:Ilan Pappe 4677:See also: 4600:Ilan Pappe 4596:large part 4592:small part 4496:Ilan Pappe 4476:Avi Shlaim 4448:See also: 4274:See also: 4181:'s use of 4061:John Hagee 4019:Orson Hyde 3962:ideologue 3917:Protestant 3883:See also: 3829:After the 3601:Channel 14 3289:Literature 3159:Jabotinsky 3106:Patriotism 3058:Militarism 2951:Principles 2891:Ideologies 2818:Avi Shlaim 2816:Historian 2739:Ahad Ha'am 2717:Ari Shavit 2440:Palestine 2413:Delegates 2337:Rabbi Kook 2169:Bevin Plan 2087:1,845,559 2063:1,076,783 2055:1,518,947 1952:Christians 1751:Max Nordau 1672:, and the 1670:Mozambique 1608:Ness Ziona 1379:Altneuland 1368:Altneuland 1084:Moses Hess 1067:See also: 1035:Yom Kippur 982:See also: 853:See also: 740:Max Nordau 686:Moses Hess 566:), as the 544:New Yishuv 540:Old Yishuv 526:Ahad Ha'am 373:Mount Zion 309:), to the 181:Mozambique 25466:Palestine 25223:Terrorism 25187:Falangism 25126:Christian 25121:Religious 25042:Communist 25037:Left-wing 24985:Corporate 24975:Communist 24936:Bourgeois 24926:Anarchist 24756:West Bank 24708:Austerity 24692:Kibbutzim 24302:Occitania 24287:Manchukuo 24277:Lezgistan 24272:Kurdistan 24217:Hazarajat 24202:Circassia 23964:Movements 23915:Pakistani 23890:Mongolian 23830:Congolese 23743:Norwegian 23733:Icelandic 23698:Valencian 23693:Navarrese 23678:Castilian 23658:Aragonese 23622:Sardinian 23405:Ukrainian 23375:Slovenian 23355:Hungarian 23270:in Cyprus 23250:Aromanian 23238:in Kosovo 23143:Mongolian 23059:Sinhalese 23029:Dravidian 22986:Taiwanese 22934:Cantonese 22911:in Cyprus 22881:Jordanian 22804:Argentine 22776:Caribbean 22767:Québécois 22715:Afrikaner 22274:Hindu law 22222:Religious 22038:Criticism 21626:Papal ban 21570:Theocracy 21107:Languages 21080:Education 21027:Transport 20992:Companies 20943:Structure 20874:President 20867:Judiciary 20835:Elections 20753:Districts 20731:Geography 20641:Antiquity 20551:indicate 20499:Mormonism 20484:Christian 20364:Symbolism 20352:Synagogue 20332:Mythology 20293:Education 20264:Astronomy 20247:Astrology 20064:relations 19869:Zarphatic 19817:Galitzish 19619:Yeshivish 19496:Catalanic 19459:Samaritan 19434:Ashkenazi 19415:Diasporic 19410:Languages 19355:Sephardim 19350:Romaniote 19237:Krymchaks 19171:Desi Jews 19047:Buddhists 18775:Rabin Day 18760:Herzl Day 18668:timelines 18476:Histadrut 18448:Canaanism 18443:Christian 18403:Religious 18295:proposals 18063:, Mainz: 17969:, Mainz: 17848:143873621 17811:748328849 17444:233635930 17395:2201-473X 17282:161907484 17168:(2004) . 17104:143834470 17058:MIT Press 17008:Zed Books 16954:Zed Books 16914:Zed Books 16675:April 17, 16617:1359-0987 16247:Routledge 16202:258374291 16194:875122033 16178:1743-7881 16103:151793639 15867:Routledge 15829:216148316 15787:April 26, 15757:April 26, 15704:0271-3519 15305:. H-Net. 15035:0276-1114 14959:March 12, 14927:March 12, 14863:March 26, 14811:March 12, 14779:March 12, 14710:April 29, 14680:March 12, 14632:April 29, 14602:April 29, 14215:March 10, 14182:March 10, 13445:March 11, 13383:March 12, 13373:achpr.org 13355:154421211 13087:2059-0881 13004:"Zionism" 12847:March 12, 12800:March 12, 12770:March 12, 12684:March 12, 12621:March 12, 12346:April 17, 11990:0792-335X 11944:234914976 11936:1492-1421 11809:Zed Books 11768:1084-9513 11731:144049644 11692:March 10, 11628:March 10, 11568:March 10, 11371:0021-6704 11334:0011-1953 10975:April 27, 10692:Routledge 10671:153662650 10663:0959-2296 10626:March 10, 10552:Mr. Bevin 10537:March 10, 10405:March 12, 10333:0271-3519 10154:March 16, 9712:0026-3206 9608:0276-1114 9562:0037-6795 9503:154952224 9487:0966-8136 9452:162469637 9436:0018-246X 9392:0377-919X 9159:Sela 2002 9033:March 10, 9019:"Zionism" 8922:0022-2097 8881:March 10, 8843:Routledge 8808:Sela 2002 8719:143908777 8711:1527-1951 8654:143008924 8646:1472-5886 8469:0276-1114 8336:152132582 8328:2373-9770 8260:0377-919X 8217:Falk 2017 8180:144898510 8164:1084-9513 7772:0362-4331 7601:242204076 7219:April 15, 7209:214484283 7077:Tony Judt 6522:1385-4879 6438:March 16, 6292:March 16, 6216:March 16, 6115:"Zionism" 6060:hitkansut 5944:(1988) . 5894:Routledge 5791:"Zionism" 5529:March 16, 5478:March 11, 5400:Cited in 5200:romanized 5186:-ə-niz-əm 4948:two-state 4815:Abba Eban 4798:Tariq Ali 4706:Hungarian 4636:Apartheid 4613:In 1938, 4366:apartheid 4093:Sami Taha 3835:West Bank 3552:My Israel 3517:Im Tirtzu 3460:Alliances 3366:New Right 3296:Iron Wall 3247:Netanyahu 3242:Lieberman 3179:Lieberman 3149:Ginsburgh 3131:Tradition 3121:Theocracy 3101:Orthodoxy 3089:Religious 2996:Authority 2932:Religious 2839:West Bank 2798:Iron Wall 2721:Yesh Atid 2670:Histadrut 2660:when the 2605:kibbutzim 2535:The 28th 2321:West Bank 2190:With the 2144:sent them 2130:, mainly 1901:In 1933, 1887:epic poem 1885:wrote an 1877:Ukrainian 1875:In 1927, 1853:religion. 1766:Palestine 1721:Palestine 1658:Argentina 1652:today in 1598:Unrelated 1552:Bar-Giora 1404:e Voskhod 1039:Ashkenazi 1012:end times 765:and the " 646:Palestine 572:Holocaust 377:Jerusalem 362:romanized 315:ancestors 313:of their 183:, or the 169:Argentina 167:), or in 94:Palestine 25478:Politics 25335:Jingoism 25208:Romantic 25167:Resource 25158:Hindutva 25136:Clerico- 25131:Catholic 25074:Populist 25032:Integral 25010:European 25000:Economic 24958:American 24941:Business 24905:Treasure 24880:Language 24875:Identity 24746:Timeline 24696:Moshavim 24660:Politics 24606:timeline 24475:and the 24262:Katarism 24187:Chameria 24140:Projects 23945:Turanian 23940:Tunisian 23910:Oceanian 23900:Nigerian 23850:Hispanic 23845:Germanic 23835:European 23768:Hawaiian 23718:Estonian 23688:Galician 23673:Canarian 23663:Asturian 23632:Venetian 23627:Sicilian 23617:Padanian 23591:Corsican 23552:Scottish 23446:Ossetian 23365:Silesian 23348:Völkisch 23323:Bavarian 23318:Austrian 23297:Romanian 23282:Moldovan 23260:Croatian 23228:Albanian 23196:Georgian 23186:Armenian 23165:Siberian 23092:Filipino 23007:Assamese 22976:Okinawan 22961:Japanese 22891:Lebanese 22869:Diaspora 22851:Assyrian 22819:Peruvian 22728:Americas 22678:Tigrayan 22625:Egyptian 22290:Hindutva 22269:Gandhism 22148:Kahanism 22051:Khilafat 22032:Islamism 21575:Theonomy 21410:Humanism 21390:Thealogy 21257:Category 21144:Feminism 21129:Religion 21012:Taxation 20926:Shin Bet 20893:Security 20811:Politics 20797:Wildlife 20763:Dead Sea 20714:Timeline 20625:articles 20564:Category 20534:Hinduism 20524:Buddhism 20426:Genetics 20342:Politics 20315:Marriage 20274:Holidays 20269:Calendar 20150:Rabbinic 20126:/Hebrew 20071:Haymanot 19998:Orthodox 19985:Branches 19958:Kabbalah 19953:Haskalah 19931:Holiness 19807:dialects 19787:Shassagh 19750:Krymchak 19730:Kayliñña 19624:Yinglish 19600:Galilean 19590:Talmudic 19585:Biblical 19560:Betanure 19479:Biblical 19474:Mishnaic 19469:Medieval 19454:Tiberian 19449:Yemenite 19439:Sephardi 19375:Paradesi 19319:Ḥabbanim 19309:Teimanim 19274:Baghdadi 19247:Maghrebi 19215:Karaites 19193:Gruzínim 19181:Kochinim 19099:Diaspora 19057:Karaites 19042:Atheists 18979:Timeline 18733:Holidays 18541:Mizrachi 18408:Cultural 18291:Homeland 18264:Concepts 18176:Archived 17938:Archived 17745:(2010). 17719:(1999). 17614:(2001). 17586:(2009). 17534:June 23, 17528:Archived 17454:(2002). 17407:Archived 17403:56244739 17369:(2014). 17320:(2023). 17292:(2006). 17274:27564291 17231:(2001). 17142:(2001). 17114:(1999). 17002:(2018). 16974:(2014). 16946:(2012). 16928:Archived 16906:(2007). 16870:(2022). 16808:(2010). 16755:(2020). 16727:(2006). 16666:Archived 16635:(2003). 16625:40541701 16578:Archived 16564:(1896). 16483:June 23, 16477:Archived 16415:June 23, 16409:Archived 16387:(1979). 16375:June 23, 16369:Archived 16347:(2016). 16329:Archived 16307:(2003). 16289:Archived 16267:(2017). 16186:65009869 16113:(2017). 16034:June 23, 16028:Archived 16006:(2007). 15988:Archived 15967:July 10, 15887:(2012). 15781:Archived 15751:Archived 15457:June 25, 15392:Archived 15349:Archived 15307:Archived 15278:Archived 15173:Archived 15154:Archived 15112:Archived 14953:Archived 14948:BBC News 14921:Archived 14916:BBC News 14881:(2000). 14805:Archived 14800:BBC News 14773:Archived 14704:Archived 14626:Archived 14596:Archived 14591:ABC News 14461:(1987). 14375:(1988). 14209:Archived 14145:Archived 13924:(2003). 13833:(2003). 13703:(2000). 13671:(1996). 13557:Archived 13525:Archived 13472:Archived 13439:Archived 13401:Archived 13377:Archived 13347:24701267 13301:Archived 13280:24916479 13242:Archived 13091:Archived 13044:Archived 13014:Archived 12985:Archived 12938:Archived 12836:Ynetnews 12810:cite web 12714:(2009). 12678:Archived 12652:March 5, 12615:Archived 12500:Archived 12474:Archived 12421:Archived 12390:Archived 12175:June 29, 12145:June 29, 12032:(2005). 11998:44510469 11887:Archived 11860:April 6, 11854:Archived 11842:(1999). 11824:(1993). 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6674:June 23, 6668:Archived 6632:June 23, 6626:Archived 6604:(2022). 6530:24675372 6485:March 2, 6479:Archived 6432:Archived 6377:Archived 6286:Archived 6236:Haskalah 6210:Archived 6170:Archived 6152:(2012). 6125:Archived 5974:Archived 5853:Archived 5805:June 25, 5772:June 30, 5766:Archived 5627:culture; 5523:Archived 5206:Ṣīyyonūt 4980:See also 4944:enduring 4715:scholar 4713:Talmudic 4381:Ibn Saud 4303:Falastin 4250:Hindutva 4236:and the 4173:founder 4073:Husseini 3949:J C Ryle 3910:Puritans 3413:Hatzohar 3361:New Hope 3267:Smotrich 3217:Ben-Gvir 3084:Cultural 2912:Kahanism 2864:a series 2809:—  2498:movement 2451:Romania 2443:167,562 2432:263,741 2421:299,165 2410:Members 2341:June war 2273:refugees 2167:and the 2134:, began 2075:145,063 2069:608,225 2043:125,413 2037:474,102 2031:906,551 2023:966,761 2005:174,606 1999:693,147 1991:649,048 1967:486,177 1685:Kishinev 1646:"Uganda" 1558:Hashomer 1274:the Bund 1097:Haskalah 1057:Prophets 1031:Passover 910:and the 826:Hatikvah 421:Overview 311:homeland 305:through 289:for the 141:was part 137:Haskalah 25494:Zionism 25454:Judaism 25430:History 25416:Portals 25194:Fascism 25148:Islamic 25114:Zionism 24946:Welfare 24921:African 24914:By type 24850:Colours 24645:History 24602:history 24598:Zionism 24593:to 1948 24591:History 24556:leaders 24513:History 24473:Zionism 24337:Silesia 24307:Ossetia 24282:Luhansk 24257:Karelia 24247:Ilirida 24227:Donetsk 24152:Assyria 23955:Ugandan 23920:Russian 23865:Iranian 23855:Iberian 23825:Chinese 23800:African 23756:Oceania 23728:Finnish 23723:Faroese 23683:Catalan 23648:Spanish 23612:Lombard 23607:Italian 23547:English 23542:Cornish 23537:British 23521:Walloon 23516:Occitan 23501:Flemish 23491:Arpitan 23462:Chuvash 23410:Yiddish 23400:Russian 23333:Frisian 23302:Serbian 23255:Bosniak 23160:Pashtun 23076:Tripuri 23049:Punjabi 23012:Bengali 22991:Tibetan 22939:Chinese 22906:Turkish 22886:Kurdish 22874:Zionism 22865:Jewish 22856:Iranian 22814:Mapuche 22809:Criollo 22783:Haitian 22742:Chicano 22687:Nigeria 22642:Sahrawi 22354:Shuddhi 22217:Zionism 22204:Bundism 22126:Haredim 22066:Taliban 21944:Imamate 21791:In Utah 21241:Outline 21192:Museums 21177:Cuisine 21154:Culture 21102:Kibbutz 21046:Society 21022:Tourism 20987:Banking 20970:Economy 20850:Parties 20845:Knesset 20823:Cabinet 20743:Borders 20719:by year 20668:Zionism 20633:History 20549:Italics 20374:Studies 20320:Divorce 20286:Kashrut 20281:Cuisine 20239:Culture 20170:Midrash 20165:Tosefta 20155:Mishnah 20143:Ketuvim 20138:Nevi'im 20101:Schisms 20091:Science 20081:Karaite 20052:Renewal 20013:Litvaks 20008:Hasidic 19963:Sefirot 19948:Halakha 19919:Messiah 19892:Mitzvah 19887:Beliefs 19841:Western 19827:Poylish 19822:Litvish 19812:Eastern 19802:Yiddish 19797:Shuadit 19782:Qwareña 19770:Tetuani 19765:Haketia 19740:Knaanic 19735:Kivruli 19683:Bukhori 19629:Heblish 19565:Hulaulá 19555:Barzani 19511:Yahudic 19444:Mizrahi 19304:Urfalim 19259:Mizrahi 19203:Neofiti 19198:Italkim 19127:Lita'im 19019:Zionism 18971:History 18945:Judaism 18606:Palmach 18561:Haganah 18413:Federal 18383:General 18293: ( 18257:Zionism 18219:of the 18215:in the 18145:Zionism 18101:(1992) 18074:(2007) 18005:(2003) 17981:Zionism 17933:(2006) 17923:(1896) 17073:July 8, 16584:May 27, 16295:July 8, 16066:July 8, 15910:July 8, 15043:1396525 14650:. p. 50 14560:Haaretz 14501:2536718 14304:4283366 14239:Zochrot 13813:112–125 13762:176–177 13296:, 2019 12899:June 3, 12873:June 3, 12506:June 3, 12469:Haaretz 12290:June 3, 11681:Haaretz 11617:Haaretz 11557:Haaretz 11379:4467337 11262:May 13, 10487:4283956 10284:Group. 9720:4283170 9616:1396238 9570:4209355 9444:2638650 9400:2535926 9111:May 12, 9081:May 12, 8477:1396185 8268:2535451 8073:4301023 7515:June 9, 7372:(ed.). 7279:July 7, 7247:July 7, 7054:May 12, 7021:May 12, 6984:May 12, 6256:Judaism 6248:America 6240:pogroms 6230:in the 5859:July 6, 5202::  4694:Hasidic 4598:of it. 4433:Vatican 4412:Jesuits 4300:-owned 4153:Berbers 3929:gentile 3812:in the 3802:Judaism 3674:Refusal 3613:i24NEWS 3607:HaTzofe 3595:B'Sheva 3558:Defunct 3433:Moledet 3408:Hatikva 3392:Defunct 3332:Parties 3222:Bennett 2922:Zionism 2700:Kibbutz 2622:Judaism 2583:Amos Oz 2487:15,220 2484:Canada 2476:22,343 2465:23,513 2454:60,013 2418:Poland 2345:Knesset 2214:. This 2081:15,488 2071:(33.0%) 2065:(58.3%) 2049:12,881 2039:(31.2%) 2033:(59.7%) 2017:10,101 2011:88,907 2007:(18.1%) 2001:(71.7%) 1981:(11.0%) 1979:71,464 1975:(12.9%) 1973:83,790 1969:(74.9%) 1956:Others 1942:Muslims 1889:titled 1623:HaMagen 1614:HaNoter 1570:Palmach 1564:Haganah 1493:Funding 1295:Haskala 1033:and in 1020:Messiah 960:History 927:Yiddish 916:Judaism 912:Mishnah 635:Beliefs 619:passed 397:Kadimah 368:Tzi-yon 364::  262:liberal 237:by the 227:Ottoman 143:of the 125:Central 102:Judaism 66:Zionism 25442:Israel 25233:Ultra- 25228:Trans- 25141:Mormon 25104:Korean 25094:Berber 25084:Racial 25054:Mystic 25005:Ethnic 24990:Cyber- 24963:French 24900:Symbol 24860:Flower 24845:Anthem 24610:Aliyah 24393:German 24378:Racial 24222:Danzig 24207:Crimea 24192:Champa 24157:Azawad 24147:Arakan 23950:Turkic 23930:Slavic 23905:Nordic 23885:Libyan 23875:Korean 23860:Indian 23840:Finnic 23820:Celtic 23668:Basque 23586:Basque 23557:Ulster 23506:French 23496:Breton 23441:Lezgin 23436:Ingush 23370:Slovak 23360:Polish 23338:German 23214:Europe 23170:Uyghur 23138:Baloch 23054:Sindhi 23039:Meitei 23034:Hazara 22981:Ryukyu 22971:Manchu 22966:Korean 22901:Syrian 22757:Lakota 22673:Somali 22663:Amhara 22658:Acholi 22637:Kabyle 22620:Coptic 22615:Berber 22596:Africa 21262:Portal 21172:Cinema 21124:Racism 21117:Arabic 21112:Hebrew 21073:People 21068:Aliyah 21002:Energy 20950:Police 20921:Mossad 20785:Rivers 20748:Cities 20673:Yishuv 20623:  20621:Israel 20357:Hazzan 20347:Prayer 20224:Siddur 20160:Talmud 20124:Tanakh 20059:Neolog 20032:Reform 20020:Modern 20003:Haredi 19926:Ethics 19792:Shassi 19760:Ladino 19725:Karaim 19708:Juhuri 19550:Targum 19464:Signed 19429:Modern 19424:Hebrew 19392:Xuetes 19188:Dönmeh 19147:Yekkes 18621:Aytzim 18398:Reform 18311:Yishuv 18286:Yerida 18281:Aliyah 18024:  17998:(2004) 17989:Telugu 17890:  17869:  17846:  17809:  17799:  17776:  17731:  17705:  17674:  17649:  17628:  17600:  17563:  17520:  17495:  17464:  17442:  17401:  17393:  17351:  17330:  17306:  17280:  17272:  17239:  17217:  17182:  17154:  17128:  17102:  17064:  17039:  17014:  16988:  16960:  16920:  16892:  16856:  16822:  16794:  16769:  16741:  16713:  16643:  16623:  16615:  16550:  16527:  16504:  16469:  16444:  16401:  16361:  16321:  16281:  16253:  16219:  16200:  16192:  16184:  16176:  16133:  16101:  16057:  16020:  15994:May 2, 15958:  15933:  15901:  15873:  15827:  15710:  15702:  15429:  15384:  15341:  15041:  15033:  14893:  14537:  14499:  14327:  14302:  13997:  13974:  13895:  13872:  13849:  13819:  13787:  13768:  13723:  13689:  13651:  13504:  13431:  13353:  13345:  13278:  13085:  13040:Fathom 12540:Gov.uk 12317:  12198:  12113:  12088:  12059:  11996:  11988:  11942:  11934:  11774:  11766:  11729:  11530:  11414:  11404:  11377:  11369:  11340:  11332:  11176:  11128:  11057:  11018:  10961:  10737:  10698:  10687:Stalin 10669:  10661:  10485:  10449:Masada 10371:  10339:  10331:  10288:  10226:  10187:  10140:  10095:  10046:  9998:  9959:  9861:  9787:  9743:, The 9718:  9710:  9673:  9636:Mosaic 9614:  9606:  9568:  9560:  9524:  9501:  9493:  9485:  9450:  9442:  9434:  9398:  9390:  9353:  9001:  8976:  8945:  8920:  8849:  8729:May 7, 8717:  8709:  8664:May 7, 8652:  8644:  8582:  8572:  8508:  8498:  8475:  8467:  8334:  8326:  8266:  8258:  8178:  8170:  8162:  8080:  8070:  7770:  7720:  7626:  7599:  7589:  7501:  7434:  7324:world. 7207:  7197:  7075:cited 7040:  7007:  6970:  6877:, 1979 6660:  6618:  6528:  6520:  6471:  6424:  6369:  6345:  6305:Yishuv 6278:  6202:  6162:  5966:  5919:Yarmuk 5900:  5845:  5744:  5702:  5647:  5605:  5571:  5515:  5469:  5289:land." 5191:Hebrew 4796:, and 4766:, and 4698:Satmar 4667:Durban 4543:, and 4510:, and 4498:, and 4480:Yishuv 4472:racist 4456:, and 4429:Pius X 4400:, and 4350:racism 4341:Satmar 4286:, and 3947:, and 3806:Israel 3537:Lehava 3502:Active 3486:Yamina 3448:Tehiya 3336:Active 3320:(2022) 3310:(2018) 3300:(1923) 3277:Ze'evi 3262:Shamir 3257:Shaked 3252:Peretz 3237:Kahane 3189:Talmon 3184:Samson 3164:Kahane 3154:Hazony 3010:  2713:Kadima 2698:. The 2666:Meretz 2650:Yishuv 2643:Palmah 2636:, the 2600:Israel 2507:shekel 2241:exodus 2083:(0.8%) 2077:(7.9%) 2051:(0.8%) 2045:(8.3%) 2019:(1.0%) 2013:(9.2%) 1987:(1.2%) 1985:7,617 1891:Masada 1870:Vienna 1773:Soviet 1730:Maasai 1662:Cyprus 1618:Notrim 1219:Prague 1149:Other 1136:Smyrna 1125:aliyah 1047:Amidah 994:, and 888:Hebrew 353:Hebrew 327:racist 293:of an 272:, and 173:Cyprus 74:Europe 39:Ziaism 25387:] 25153:Hindu 25109:White 25099:Black 25079:Queer 25027:Homo- 24968:Irish 24953:Civic 24931:Blind 24895:Sport 24885:Music 24403:White 24388:Black 24366:Other 24357:Tibet 24327:Sápmi 23880:Latin 23870:Iraqi 23810:Asian 23778:Māori 23641:Spain 23600:Italy 23562:Welsh 23511:Irish 23467:Tatar 23328:Czech 23265:Greek 23102:Malay 23097:Khmer 23064:Tamil 22861:Iraqi 22699:Ogoni 22468:Other 21248:Index 21212:Sport 21197:Music 21187:Media 21139:Women 21058:Crime 20758:Lakes 20529:Islam 20337:Names 20327:Music 20308:Rebbe 20303:Rabbi 20257:Monen 20212:Zohar 20133:Torah 20128:Bible 19242:Lemba 19117:Chuts 18876:Ulpan 18581:Betar 18576:Irgun 18458:Golus 18438:Green 18388:Labor 18043:EBSCO 17996:Herzl 17844:S2CID 17440:S2CID 17399:S2CID 17278:S2CID 17270:JSTOR 17100:S2CID 16840:. In 16694:(PDF) 16669:(PDF) 16662:(PDF) 16621:JSTOR 16572:[ 16198:S2CID 16158:(3). 16117:. In 16099:S2CID 15825:S2CID 15708:JSTOR 15310:(PDF) 15303:(PDF) 15039:JSTOR 14497:JSTOR 14356:(PDF) 14349:(PDF) 14300:JSTOR 13475:(PDF) 13468:(PDF) 13351:S2CID 13343:JSTOR 13276:JSTOR 13081:(1). 12642:MEMRI 12309:[ 11994:JSTOR 11940:S2CID 11772:JSTOR 11727:S2CID 11661:(PDF) 11653:Azure 11648:(PDF) 11597:(PDF) 11590:(PDF) 11412:JSTOR 11375:JSTOR 11338:JSTOR 10839:UNRWA 10667:S2CID 10483:JSTOR 10337:JSTOR 9752:(PDF) 9737:(PDF) 9716:JSTOR 9612:JSTOR 9566:JSTOR 9499:S2CID 9491:JSTOR 9448:S2CID 9440:JSTOR 9396:JSTOR 9300:, by 9075:(PDF) 9064:(PDF) 8715:S2CID 8650:S2CID 8473:JSTOR 8332:S2CID 8264:JSTOR 8242:(4). 8176:S2CID 8168:JSTOR 8146:(3). 7597:S2CID 7443:(PDF) 7432:S2CID 7424:(PDF) 7205:S2CID 6927:, or 6719:(2). 6526:JSTOR 5954:[ 5923:Yabok 5748:p.59. 5740:2019 5738:Wiley 5709:Herzl 5700:JSTOR 5657:Davar 5599:Brill 5068:with 5062:ethno 5044:Notes 4940:Nakba 4748:Torah 4744:Nazis 4709:rebbe 4198:Imams 4188:Some 4183:Islam 4149:Kurds 4122:Druze 4077:mufti 4028:Some 3847:Torah 3823:geula 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