1255:
614:
601:
581:
668:, the term color temperature sometimes refers to remapping of color values to simulate variations in ambient color temperature. Most digital cameras and raw image software provide presets simulating specific ambient values (e.g., sunny, cloudy, tungsten, etc.) while others allow explicit entry of white balance values in kelvins. These settings vary color values along the blue–yellow axis, while some software includes additional controls (sometimes labeled "tint") adding the magenta–green axis, and are to some extent arbitrary and a matter of artistic interpretation.
1371:
6179:
4087:
1049:
White-balancing is necessary especially when indoors under fluorescent lighting and when moving the camera from one lighting situation to another. Most cameras also have an automatic white balance function that attempts to determine the color of the light and correct accordingly. While these settings were once unreliable, they are much improved in today's digital cameras and produce an accurate white balance in a wide variety of lighting situations.
4098:
1083:
971:
804:
682:
27:
6189:
5553:
472:'s light is thermal radiation, and the bulb approximates an ideal black-body radiator, so its color temperature is essentially the temperature of the filament. Thus a relatively low temperature emits a dull red and a high temperature emits the almost white of the traditional incandescent light bulb. Metal workers are able to judge the temperature of hot metals by their color, from dark red to orange-white and then white (see
124:
1186:
1491:, other color indices can be used as well. The color temperature (as well as the correlated color temperature defined above) may differ largely from the effective temperature given by the radiative flux of the stellar surface. For example, the color temperature of an A0V star is about 15000 K compared to an effective temperature of about 9500 K.
1144:
1318:(CRI) is a method to determine how well a light source's illumination of eight sample patches compares to the illumination provided by a reference source. Cited together, the CRI and CCT give a numerical estimate of what reference (ideal) light source best approximates a particular artificial light, and what the difference is.
1233:, commonly producing light of 6000–7000 K, are fitted with 3200 K filters to emulate tungsten light. Fixtures with color mixing features or with multiple colors (if including 3200 K), are also capable of producing tungsten-like light. Color temperature may also be a factor when selecting
625:
CCT dimming for LED technology is regarded as a difficult task, since binning, age and temperature drift effects of LEDs change the actual color value output. Here feedback loop systems are used, for example with color sensors, to actively monitor and control the color output of multiple color mixing
785:
Photographers sometimes use color temperature meters. These are usually designed to read only two regions along the visible spectrum (red and blue); more expensive ones read three regions (red, green, and blue). However, they are ineffective with sources such as fluorescent or discharge lamps, whose
654:
than longer wavelengths, providing essential energy sources to the algae hosted in (and sustaining) coral. This is equivalent to an increase of color temperature with water depth in this spectral range. Because coral typically live in shallow water and receive intense, direct tropical sunlight, the
1173:
For artists, most pigments and papers have a cool or warm cast, as the human eye can detect even a minute amount of saturation. Gray mixed with yellow, orange, or red is a "warm gray". Green, blue, or purple create "cool grays". This sense of temperature is the reverse of that of real temperature;
1039:
TV norms call for a compliant TV screen to display an electrically black and white signal (minimal color saturation) at a color temperature of 6500 K. On many consumer-grade televisions, there is a very noticeable deviation from this requirement. However, higher-end consumer-grade televisions
621:
For lighting building interiors, it is often important to take into account the color temperature of illumination. A warmer (i.e., a lower color temperature) light is often used in public areas to promote relaxation, while a cooler (higher color temperature) light is used to enhance concentration,
217:
states that low color temperatures will feel warmer while higher color temperatures will feel cooler. The spectral peak of warm-colored light is closer to infrared, and most natural warm-colored light sources emit significant infrared radiation. The fact that "warm" lighting in this sense actually
774:
over the light source(s) may be used to correct color balance. When shooting with a bluish light (high color temperature) source such as on an overcast day, in the shade, in window light, or if using tungsten film with white or blue light, a yellowish-orange filter will correct this. For shooting
1048:
Most video and digital still cameras can adjust for color temperature by zooming into a white or neutral colored object and setting the manual "white balance" (telling the camera that "this object is white"); the camera then shows true white as white and adjusts all the other colors accordingly.
763:
incandescent lamps will appear as white (3200 K) in the photograph. Color negative film is almost always daylight-balanced, since it is assumed that color can be adjusted in printing (with limitations, see above). Color transparency film, being the final artefact in the process, has to be
747:
may need to be corrected during printing to achieve a neutral color print. The extent of this correction is limited since color film normally has three layers sensitive to different colors and when used under the "wrong" light source, every layer may not respond proportionally, giving odd color
1155:
can white-balance objects that are not white, downplaying the color of the object used for white-balancing. For instance, they can bring more warmth into a picture by white-balancing off something that is light blue, such as faded blue denim; in this way white-balancing can replace a filter or
1044:
explicitly call for the color temperature data to be included in the data stream, but old versions of ATSC allowed this data to be omitted. In this case, current versions of ATSC cite default colorimetry standards depending on the format. Both of the cited standards specify a 6500 K color
168:
of the ideal emitter that matches the color most closely is defined as the color temperature of the original visible light source. The color temperature scale describes only the color of light emitted by a light source, which may actually be at a different (and often much lower) temperature.
212:
Color temperatures over 5000 K are called "cool colors" (bluish), while lower color temperatures (2700–3000 K) are called "warm colors" (yellowish). "Warm" in this context is with respect to a traditional categorization of colors, not a reference to black body temperature. The
748:
casts in the shadows, although the mid-tones may have been correctly white-balanced under the enlarger. Light sources with discontinuous spectra, such as fluorescent tubes, cannot be fully corrected in printing either, since one of the layers may barely have recorded an image at all.
642:
In freshwater aquaria, color temperature is generally of concern only for producing a more attractive display. Lights tend to be designed to produce an attractive spectrum, sometimes with secondary attention paid to keeping the plants in the aquaria
779:, a bluish (e.g. #80A) filter may be used. More-subtle filters are needed to correct for the difference between, say 3200 K and 3400 K tungsten lamps or to correct for the slightly blue cast of some flash tubes, which may be 6000 K.
200:
to bluish white. Although the concept of correlated color temperature extends the definition to any visible light, the color temperature of a green or a purple light rarely is useful information. Color temperature is conventionally expressed in
499:
most closely matches the light from the lamp. Because such an approximation is not required for incandescent light, the CCT for an incandescent light is simply its unadjusted temperature, derived from comparison to a black-body radiator.
1385:) compared to black-body spectra. The 15,000 K black-body spectrum (dashed line) matches the visible part of the stellar SPD much better than the black body of 9500 K. All spectra are normalized to intersect at 555 nanometers.
591:
For colors based on black-body theory, blue occurs at higher temperatures, whereas red occurs at lower temperatures. This is the opposite of the cultural associations attributed to colors, in which "red" is "hot", and "blue" is "cold".
1502:
is the quantity of interest. Various color-effective temperature relations exist in the literature. There relations also have smaller dependencies on other stellar parameters, such as the stellar metallicity and surface gravity
742:
Photographic emulsion film does not respond to lighting color identically to the human retina or visual perception. An object that appears to the observer to be white may turn out to be very blue or orange in a photograph. The
1971:
1886:
1060:
standards, 9300 K color temperature is recommended. TVs and projectors sold in Japan, South Korea, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and
Philippines are usually adopt 9300 K as default settings. But for compatibility reasons,
196:, and other fields. In practice, color temperature is most meaningful for light sources that correspond somewhat closely to the color of some black body, i.e., light in a range going from red to orange to yellow to
868:
for MacOS, measures a monitor's color temperature and then adjusts its settings accordingly. This enables on-screen color to more closely match printed color. Common monitor color temperatures, along with matching
1362:") power distribution than the lamp actually has. Owing to their spiky distribution, much finer increments are advisable for taking measurements of fluorescent lights, and this requires more expensive equipment.
1327:
418:
437:
plots building this animation were proportionally transformed to keep equal areas between functions and horizontal axis for wavelengths 380–780 nm. K indicates the color temperature in
782:
If there is more than one light source with varied color temperatures, one way to balance the color is to use daylight film and place color-correcting gel filters over each light source.
1147:
The house above appears a light cream during midday, but seems to be bluish white here in the dim light before full sunrise. Note the color temperature of the sunrise in the background.
1987:
1809:
1780:
759:
to the color temperature of the light source is one way to balance color. If tungsten film is used indoors with incandescent lamps, the yellowish-orange light of the
512:
closely approximates a black-body radiator. The effective temperature, defined by the total radiative power per square unit, is 5772 K. The color temperature of
1437:
1489:
1463:
1170:, both by exposure at the labs and also digitally. Cinematographers also work closely with set designers and lighting crews to achieve the desired color effects.
651:
2451:
2303:
2292:
584:
Approximation of the hues of the
Planckian locus as a function of the kelvin temperature, rendered with a white point near 6500 K, not accounting for
4304:
4055:
4135:
2175:
2096:
5805:
3997:
1394:
1393:, the color temperature is defined by the local slope of the SPD at a given wavelength, or, in practice, a wavelength range. Given, for example, the
2472:
786:
light varies in color and may be harder to correct for. Because this light is often greenish, a magenta filter may correct it. More sophisticated
4732:
901:: the daylight spectrum at a correlated color temperature of 5000 K. Similar definitions exist for D55, D65 and D75. Designations such as
2201:
1944:
2255:
1860:
4045:
3992:
2419:
Wyszecki, Günter; Stiles, Walter
Stanley (1982). "3.11: Distribution Temperature, Color Temperature, and Correlated Color Temperature".
1890:
1040:
can have their color temperatures adjusted to 6500 K by using a preprogrammed setting or a custom calibration. Current versions of
3772:
487:) emit light primarily by processes other than thermal radiation. This means that the emitted radiation does not follow the form of a
1065:
sold in these country/region are usually adopt 6500 K as default settings; these color temperature settings are usually tuneable in
864:
In the desktop publishing industry, it is important to know a monitor's color temperature. Color matching software, such as Apple's
5956:
1816:
1312:
913:
at a light table, it is important that the light be balanced properly so that the colors are not shifted towards the red or blue.
775:
with daylight film (calibrated to 5600 K) under warmer (low color temperature) light sources such as sunsets, candlelight or
2642:
1777:
1649:
91:
5946:
5810:
5175:
4128:
1913:
650:, color temperature is an essential part of tank health. Within about 400 to 3000 nanometers, light of shorter wavelength can
2149:
2123:
63:
2748:
2500:
2211:
2159:
1954:
1927:
1162:
do not "white balance" in the same way as video camera operators; they use techniques such as filters, choice of film stock,
945:
as default display color space, and use 6500 K as default display color temperature; this can be override by the GPU driver.
468:
but is not an ideal black-body radiator, the color temperature of the light is not the actual temperature of the surface. An
4874:
4050:
1835:
1727:
6022:
4842:
2229:
70:
4597:
3987:
3534:
1104:
992:
825:
703:
44:
4121:
3743:
2428:
2409:
2329:
2090:
2028:
Pope R. M., Fry E. S. (1997). "Absorption spectrum (380–700 nm) of pure water. II. Integrating cavity measurements".
2006:
1622:
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865:
851:
729:
110:
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1112:
1000:
833:
711:
5967:
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4282:
3710:
77:
2085:. Elsevie Oceanography Series. Vol. 14. Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company. pp. 128–129.
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1495:
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3163:
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1597:
1537:
1108:
996:
829:
707:
48:
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59:
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4662:
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3516:
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1230:
555:
1752:
573:
Daylight has a spectrum similar to that of a black body with a correlated color temperature of 6500 K (
5032:
4193:
4017:
4012:
2466:
ANSI C implementation of
Robertson's method to calculate the correlated color temperature of a color in XYZ
1788:
1277:
1247:
492:
139:
5830:
5490:
5264:
4924:
4692:
4022:
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2801:
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884:
574:
252:
134:
chromaticity space, also showing the chromaticities of black-body light sources of various temperatures (
4326:
6032:
5619:
5168:
3748:
3436:
3339:
2637:
1259:
4901:
2347:"The GALAH survey: effective temperature calibration from the InfraRed Flux Method in the Gaia system"
1700:
1229:, using the two in conjunction could potentially produce a stark contrast, so sometimes fixtures with
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5348:
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4592:
4188:
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6007:
5825:
5475:
5208:
5105:
4320:
4294:
3921:
3511:
3244:
3036:
1350:(SPD). The relative SPD curves provided by many manufacturers may have been produced using 10
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814:
692:
559:
6059:
6012:
6002:
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5992:
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282:
37:
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by color temperature, commonly to match light that is theoretically white. Since fixtures using
6017:
4722:
4647:
4102:
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3916:
3720:
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3620:
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523:
in the sky. The changing color of the Sun over the course of the day is mainly a result of the
84:
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600:
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2037:
1415:
767:
585:
157:
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8:
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4299:
4277:
3787:
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3730:
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3299:
3208:
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3021:
2913:
2826:
2654:
2649:
1919:
1468:
1442:
1359:
898:
870:
665:
613:
535:
causes the blue color of the sky, which tends to scatter blue light more than red light.
528:
520:
488:
324:
214:
2372:
2041:
461:(mired). This permits the definition of a standard by which light sources are compared.
6044:
5450:
5358:
5252:
5125:
4797:
4582:
4525:
4517:
3936:
3594:
3544:
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3229:
3188:
3168:
3106:
3061:
3026:
3001:
2563:
2528:
2358:
2061:
1214:
563:
751:
Photographic film is made for specific light sources (most commonly daylight film and
6218:
6154:
6107:
5704:
5519:
5458:
5410:
5343:
5316:
5245:
4667:
4615:
4587:
4507:
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4333:
4289:
4217:
3901:
3837:
3824:
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3419:
3344:
3334:
3324:
3309:
3178:
3146:
3006:
2612:
2424:
2405:
2325:
2237:
2207:
2155:
2086:
2053:
1979:
1950:
1923:
1532:
1355:
1222:
1066:
934:
776:
469:
465:
2203:
Cinematography: Theory and
Practice: Image Making for Cinematographers and Directors
2065:
6102:
6097:
6077:
6072:
5835:
5602:
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5430:
5425:
5397:
5363:
5353:
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4814:
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4200:
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3802:
3797:
3441:
3399:
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3116:
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3016:
2871:
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2267:
2119:
2045:
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1335:
1289:
1263:
1062:
1041:
480:
430:
398:
366:
301:
4062:
2465:
1498:
or to determine the temperature of a model flux fitting an observed spectrum) the
1174:
bluer is described as "cooler" even though it corresponds to a higher-temperature
6132:
6122:
6117:
6082:
5984:
5820:
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5657:
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5405:
5321:
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5022:
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4158:
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3486:
3239:
3121:
2816:
2763:
2758:
2726:
2711:
2669:
2307:
2296:
2233:
1784:
1598:"What is Color Temperature? How Does it Affect Color Performance of the Monitor?"
1285:
1218:
1159:
1152:
946:
577:
viewing standard) or 5500 K (daylight-balanced photographic film standard).
434:
206:
135:
6213:
6182:
6127:
6112:
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6087:
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5679:
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4554:
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3564:
3506:
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2960:
2866:
2851:
2846:
2741:
2553:
2543:
2533:
1976:
LED Professional Review: Trends & Technologie for Future
Lighting Solutions
1527:
1370:
1326:
1234:
1143:
916:
567:
376:
2226:
1225:
type lamps produce a light of a considerably higher color temperature than do
638:, color temperature has different functions and foci in the various branches.
417:
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6067:
5652:
5538:
5463:
5440:
5380:
5304:
5287:
5193:
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4707:
4629:
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4415:
4241:
4222:
4178:
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3859:
3844:
3809:
3569:
3414:
3379:
2970:
2943:
2923:
2891:
2836:
2381:
2346:
1983:
1517:
1167:
924:
910:
752:
744:
189:
153:
3329:
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1969:
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4906:
4727:
4682:
4559:
4410:
4375:
4311:
4269:
4254:
4210:
4067:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3896:
3782:
3777:
3431:
3156:
3126:
2908:
2903:
2886:
2731:
2558:
2548:
2538:
2057:
1542:
1163:
756:
496:
193:
2002:
949:
have supports for Auto Color
Management (ACM) which further optimized for
927:
commonly used for images on the
Internet stipulates a 6500 K display
519:
The Sun may appear red, orange, yellow, or white from Earth, depending on
6039:
5897:
5674:
5669:
5533:
5502:
5468:
5373:
5269:
5235:
5130:
5084:
4960:
4819:
4547:
4542:
4502:
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4469:
4400:
4395:
4380:
4338:
4259:
4072:
3931:
3926:
3854:
3767:
3604:
3579:
3409:
3404:
3389:
3249:
3131:
3111:
2980:
2881:
2773:
2736:
2706:
2659:
2627:
2622:
2588:
2509:
2049:
1271:
928:
906:
787:
635:
181:
177:
165:
4739:
1274:
black bodies have 501 nm peak wavelength and 63.3 MW/m radiant exitance.
1072:
6049:
5892:
5720:
5624:
5612:
5368:
5331:
5326:
5309:
5074:
4940:
4935:
4824:
4787:
4770:
4702:
4697:
4672:
4367:
3574:
3554:
3468:
3458:
3319:
3284:
3259:
3193:
2933:
2918:
2898:
2780:
2716:
2632:
2583:
2120:"Reality Check: Ambiguity and Ambivalence in Digital Color Photography"
1293:
1267:
1175:
938:
923:, etc., are normally designed for a 6500 K color temperature. The
755:), and, used properly, will create a neutral color print. Matching the
524:
450:
422:
328:
185:
161:
764:
matched to the light source or filters must be used to correct color.
495:(CCT). CCT is the color temperature of a black-body radiator which to
5909:
5882:
5877:
5386:
5120:
5017:
4970:
4535:
4464:
4444:
3971:
3911:
3539:
3501:
3463:
3359:
2721:
2684:
2679:
2664:
2617:
2605:
2271:
1390:
1351:
1339:
771:
547:
1082:
970:
803:
681:
655:
focus was once on simulating this situation with 6500 K lights.
441:, and M indicates the color temperature in micro reciprocal degrees.
26:
6164:
5887:
5495:
4852:
4792:
4489:
4459:
4420:
4385:
4355:
4144:
3559:
3374:
2876:
2806:
2674:
2600:
2595:
2400:
Stroebel, Leslie; John
Compton; Ira Current; Richard Zakia (2000).
2363:
1405:
1342:, and the vertical axes show relative intensity in arbitrary units.
760:
647:
539:
513:
473:
348:
305:
173:
128:
5552:
5936:
5218:
4804:
4749:
4449:
4427:
3599:
2753:
2699:
2421:
Color
Science: Concept and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulæ
1915:
Mastering Digital Flash Photography: The Complete Reference Guide
1623:"Kelvin Color Temperature Chart | Lighting Color Scale at Lumens"
1494:
For most applications in astronomy (e.g., to place a star on the
543:
271:
123:
2461:
sRGB values corresponding to blackbodies of varying temperature.
6159:
5762:
5752:
5153:
4432:
4390:
3151:
2573:
2523:
1057:
1053:
527:
of sunlight and is not due to changes in black-body radiation.
454:
438:
267:
263:
202:
2478:
2418:
2254:
Borbély, Ákos; Sámson, Árpád; Schanda, János (December 2001).
1676:"Why Color Temperature Is Important in Filmmaking and Editing"
1237:, since each is likely to have a different color temperature.
5787:
5782:
5772:
5742:
5213:
5184:
5115:
4479:
4405:
3814:
3234:
2694:
458:
248:
197:
149:
1346:
Light sources and illuminants may be characterized by their
1292:
most closely resembles that of a given stimulus at the same
1270:
temperature, plotted on the blue line. Red arrows show that
554:) has a lower ("warmer") color temperature due to increased
5777:
5757:
5737:
5607:
5524:
4113:
1856:
1465:
of a black-body radiator fits the stellar one. Besides the
1409:
1382:
1374:
Characteristic spectral power distribution of an A0V star (
1032:
954:
950:
942:
218:
has a "cooler" color temperature often leads to confusion.
1728:"Ideal Color Temperature for Office and Industrial Spaces"
1330:
Characteristic spectral power distributions (SPDs) for an
5853:
5747:
5512:
2176:"Auto color management in Windows 11 - Microsoft Support"
1972:"Sensors and Feedback Control of Multi-Color LED Systems"
1036:
920:
604:
Color temperature (right) of various light sources (left)
509:
484:
394:
16:
Property of light sources related to black-body radiation
2256:"The concept of correlated colour temperature revisited"
1185:
1833:
960:
2324:(6 ed.). Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.
1650:"Colour Temperature and Its Importance in Photography"
1439:
is given by the temperature for which the color index
2027:
1970:
Thomas Nimz, Fredrik Hailer and Kevin Jensen (2012).
1471:
1445:
1418:
1073:
Artistic application via control of color temperature
2253:
2227:
CIE/IEC 17.4:1987 International Lighting Vocabulary
1358:. The result is what would seem to be a smoother ("
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2319:
1776:See the comments section of this LightNowBlog.com
1483:
1457:
1431:
221:
5806:Linguistic relativity and the color naming debate
1942:
1365:
6205:
1701:"Correct Color Temperature When Lighting Prints"
1338:(right). The horizontal axes are wavelengths in
905:are used to help classify color temperatures of
491:. These sources are assigned what is known as a
1240:
1321:
790:tools can be used if such meters are lacking.
5169:
4129:
2494:
2036:(33). Optical Society of America: 8710–8723.
316:Warm white compact fluorescent and LED lamps
2078:
1946:Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology
1911:
4046:Conservation and restoration of photographs
1156:lighting gel when those are not available.
1111:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
999:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
832:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
710:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
617:Color temperatures of common electric lamps
516:above the atmosphere is about 5900 K.
6188:
5176:
5162:
4136:
4122:
3773:Comparison of digital and film photography
2501:
2487:
2402:Basic Photographic Materials and Processes
2344:
3998:Photographs considered the most important
2380:
2362:
1725:
1131:Learn how and when to remove this message
1019:Learn how and when to remove this message
852:Learn how and when to remove this message
730:Learn how and when to remove this message
453:is defined as its surface temperature in
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
5957:International Commission on Illumination
1850:
1404:which are calibrated to be equal for an
1369:
1325:
1300:
1296:and under specified viewing conditions."
1253:
1142:
612:
599:
579:
416:
122:
2320:Unsöld, Albrecht; Bodo Baschek (1999).
1673:
464:To the extent that a hot surface emits
156:source by comparing it to the color of
6206:
5947:Color Association of the United States
2147:
2099:from the original on December 21, 2017
1573:"Colour temperature explained | Adobe"
659:
172:Color temperature has applications in
5157:
4117:
2482:
2423:. New York: Wiley. pp. 224–229.
2404:(2nd ed.). Boston: Focal Press.
2199:
2143:
2141:
793:
162:idealized opaque, non-reflective body
2310:have an optical resolution of 10 nm.
1674:Redding, Kevin (February 10, 2023).
1109:adding citations to reliable sources
1076:
997:adding citations to reliable sources
964:
961:TV, video, and digital still cameras
830:adding citations to reliable sources
797:
708:adding citations to reliable sources
675:
671:
622:for example in schools and offices.
429:) vs. wavelength (λ) curves for the
49:adding citations to reliable sources
20:
3993:Museums devoted to one photographer
2200:Brown, Blain (September 15, 2016).
2148:Präkel, David (February 28, 2013).
2000:
1863:from the original on March 16, 2023
1802:
1726:de Varona, Ray (January 24, 2020).
1647:
909:and viewing booths. When viewing a
13:
5811:Blue–green distinction in language
3535:Timeline of photography technology
2393:
2138:
2126:from the original on July 22, 2011
2009:from the original on July 17, 2012
897:D50 is scientific shorthand for a
558:of shorter-wavelength sunlight by
479:Many other light sources, such as
14:
6230:
2452:Kelvin temperature in photography
2438:
1893:from the original on July 2, 2012
1412:), the stellar color temperature
1284:) refers to the temperature of a
6187:
6178:
6177:
5968:International Colour Association
5551:
5183:
4096:
4086:
4085:
2260:Color Research & Application
2117:
1834:Wallace Roberts Stevens (1951).
1246:This section is an excerpt from
1184:
1081:
969:
873:in parentheses, are as follows:
802:
680:
25:
4653:Parabolic aluminized reflector
4097:
2508:
2454:at The Discerning Photographer.
2338:
2313:
2282:
2247:
2220:
2193:
2168:
2151:Basics Photography 02: Lighting
2111:
2072:
2021:
1994:
1963:
1936:
1905:
1875:
1844:
1827:
595:
222:Categorizing different lighting
36:needs additional citations for
5963:International Color Consortium
5952:International Colour Authority
4598:Hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide
1883:"Principles of Remote Sensing"
1787:on the recommendations of the
1770:
1745:
1719:
1693:
1667:
1641:
1615:
1590:
1565:
1366:Color temperature in astronomy
629:
292:Soft white incandescent lamps
148:is a parameter describing the
1:
6028:List of Crayola crayon colors
3585:Painted photography backdrops
3517:Golden triangle (composition)
2797:35 mm equivalent focal length
1753:"Colors of Stars | Astronomy"
1558:
1241:Correlated color temperature
445:The color temperature of the
227:
4143:
1791:to prefer LED-lighting with
1789:American Medical Association
1354:increments or more on their
1278:Correlated color temperature
1248:Correlated color temperature
1203:
1191:
1182:
493:correlated color temperature
483:, or light emitting diodes (
140:correlated color temperature
7:
5831:Traditional colors of Japan
5608:Achromatic colors (Neutral)
5491:Multi-primary color display
5265:Spectral power distribution
4843:Automotive light bulb types
4693:Intelligent street lighting
3295:Intentional camera movement
2459:What color is a black body?
2003:"Water Absorption Spectrum"
1851:Williams, David R. (2022).
1506:
1348:spectral power distribution
1322:Spectral power distribution
652:penetrate deeper into water
608:
351:, Tubular fluorescent lamps
10:
6235:
4606:Hydrargyrum quartz iodide
3988:Most expensive photographs
3340:Multi-exposure HDR capture
1949:. Wiley-VCH. p. 219.
1943:Rüdiger Paschotta (2008).
1304:
1245:
503:
209:for absolute temperature.
6173:
6145:
6058:
5983:
5976:
5927:
5846:
5796:
5728:
5719:
5691:Color realism (art style)
5638:
5571:
5560:
5549:
5449:
5396:
5349:Evolution of color vision
5278:
5201:
5192:
5098:
5053:
5045:Stage lighting instrument
4994:
4917:
4833:
4758:
4628:
4568:
4516:
4488:
4366:
4268:
4240:
4231:
4151:
4081:
4038:
3980:
3880:
3823:
3729:
3613:
3525:
3477:
3222:
2989:
2789:
2516:
2345:Casagrande, Luca (2021).
2154:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
1978:. LED Professional: 2–5.
1795:color temperatures (i.e.
1757:courses.lumenlearning.com
1183:
447:electromagnetic radiation
405:
390:
382:
372:
361:
355:compact fluorescent lamps
343:
335:
320:
312:
296:
288:
277:
259:
253:low pressure sodium lamps
244:
239:
236:
138:), and lines of constant
6008:List of colors (compact)
5826:Color in Chinese culture
5476:Digital image processing
5209:Electromagnetic spectrum
5106:Battlefield illumination
4863:high-intensity discharge
4295:Electrochemiluminescence
3922:Digital image processing
2471:Konica Minolta Sensing.
2445:Kelvin to RGB calculator
2206:. Taylor & Francis.
1654:Institute of Photography
1260:peak emission wavelength
560:atmospheric particulates
459:micro reciprocal degrees
409:Clear blue poleward sky
205:, using the symbol K, a
6013:List of colors by shade
4966:Electroluminescent wire
4030:Photography periodicals
3590:Photography and the law
1166:, and, after shooting,
757:sensitivity of the film
433:. The vertical axes of
353:or cool white/daylight
6018:List of color palettes
4648:Multifaceted reflector
3942:Gelatin silver process
2966:Science of photography
2951:Photographic processes
2929:Perspective distortion
2382:10.1093/mnras/stab2304
1837:Principles of Lighting
1648:IoP (April 17, 2023).
1513:Brightness temperature
1485:
1459:
1433:
1386:
1343:
1275:
1148:
618:
605:
588:
497:human color perception
457:, or alternatively in
449:emitted from an ideal
442:
142:
5942:Color Marketing Group
5697:On Vision and Colours
5630:Tinctures in heraldry
5241:Structural coloration
5038:ellipsoidal reflector
4643:Ellipsoidal reflector
4327:Fluorescent induction
4305:field-induced polymer
3395:Schlieren photography
2939:Photographic printing
2862:Exposure compensation
2473:The Language of Light
2180:support.microsoft.com
2079:Jerlov N. G. (1976).
1912:Chris George (2008).
1523:Effective temperature
1500:effective temperature
1486:
1460:
1434:
1432:{\displaystyle T_{C}}
1373:
1329:
1316:color rendering index
1307:Color rendering index
1301:Color rendering index
1257:
1205:Mixed with 6% yellow
1146:
890:7500 K (CIE D75)
880:5500 K (CIE D55)
877:5000 K (CIE D50)
770:on a camera lens, or
616:
603:
583:
420:
406:15,000–27,000 K
300:"Soft white" compact
126:
6023:List of color spaces
5915:Tint, shade and tone
5798:Cultural differences
5613:Polychromatic colors
5598:Complementary colors
5586:Monochromatic colors
4875:Rear position lights
4848:Daytime running lamp
4776:Mechanically powered
4663:Aviation obstruction
3184:Straight photography
2822:Chromatic aberration
2278:on February 5, 2009.
2050:10.1364/AO.36.008710
1810:"OSRAM SYVLANIA XBO"
1469:
1443:
1416:
1105:improve this section
993:improve this section
953:monitors by reading
871:standard illuminants
826:improve this section
704:improve this section
646:In a saltwater/reef
586:chromatic adaptation
377:Xenon short-arc lamp
232:and example sources
45:improve this article
6003:List of colors: N–Z
5998:List of colors: G–M
5993:List of colors: A–F
4283:Electron-stimulated
4056:photographic plates
3731:Digital photography
2914:Hyperfocal distance
2827:Circle of confusion
2457:Charity, Mitchell.
2373:2021MNRAS.507.2684C
2042:1997ApOpt..36.8710P
1707:. December 23, 2020
1629:. February 22, 2022
1484:{\displaystyle B-V}
1458:{\displaystyle B-V}
1381:= 9500 K, cf.
1208:Mixed with 6% blue
899:standard illuminant
666:digital photography
660:Digital photography
529:Rayleigh scattering
489:black-body spectrum
386:Daylight, overcast
365:Vertical daylight,
233:
215:hue-heat hypothesis
60:"Color temperature"
6050:List of web colors
6045:List of RAL colors
5451:Color reproduction
5416:Lüscher color test
5253:Color of chemicals
5126:Luminous gemstones
4300:Electroluminescent
4278:Cathodoluminescent
3550:Autochrome Lumière
3545:Analog photography
3370:Pigeon photography
3164:Social documentary
2643:discontinued films
2464:Lindbloom, Bruce.
2306:2009-02-05 at the
2295:2006-11-10 at the
2232:2010-02-27 at the
1990:on April 29, 2014.
1783:2017-03-07 at the
1481:
1455:
1429:
1387:
1344:
1286:Planckian radiator
1276:
1258:Log-log graphs of
1215:Lighting designers
1149:
794:Desktop publishing
619:
606:
589:
564:optical phenomenon
533:Earth's atmosphere
443:
339:Studio "CP" light
283:incandescent lamps
230:Color temperatures
228:
143:
6201:
6200:
6141:
6140:
5923:
5922:
5715:
5714:
5705:Theory of Colours
5547:
5546:
5459:Color photography
5411:Color preferences
5354:Impossible colors
5344:Color vision test
5339:Color temperature
5317:Color calibration
5246:Animal coloration
5151:
5150:
4668:Balanced-arm lamp
4624:
4623:
4508:Yablochkov candle
4376:Acetylene/Carbide
4346:Radioluminescence
4218:Luminous efficacy
4164:Color temperature
4111:
4110:
3902:Collodion process
3838:Chromogenic print
3825:Color photography
3335:Multiple exposure
3310:Lo-fi photography
2842:Color temperature
2213:978-1-317-35927-2
2161:978-2-940447-55-8
2001:Chaplin, Martin.
1956:978-3-527-40828-3
1929:978-1-60059-209-6
1822:on March 3, 2016.
1705:Gintchin Fine Art
1533:Luminous efficacy
1356:spectroradiometer
1332:incandescent lamp
1217:sometimes select
1212:
1211:
1141:
1140:
1133:
1063:computer monitors
1029:
1028:
1021:
935:Microsoft Windows
866:ColorSync Utility
862:
861:
854:
777:tungsten lighting
740:
739:
732:
672:Photographic film
481:fluorescent lamps
470:incandescent lamp
466:thermal radiation
413:
412:
391:6500–9500 K
362:5500–6000 K
146:Color temperature
121:
120:
113:
95:
6226:
6191:
6190:
6181:
6180:
5981:
5980:
5847:Color dimensions
5836:Human skin color
5726:
5725:
5603:Analogous colors
5569:
5568:
5555:
5481:Color management
5398:Color psychology
5364:Opponent process
5280:Color perception
5199:
5198:
5178:
5171:
5164:
5155:
5154:
4951:Christmas lights
4885:Safety reflector
4880:Reversing lights
4815:Navigation light
4766:Bicycle lighting
4656:
4609:
4601:
4575:
4334:Photoluminescent
4317:Fluorescent lamp
4290:Chemiluminescent
4238:
4237:
4206:Bi-pin lamp base
4201:Lightbulb socket
4138:
4131:
4124:
4115:
4114:
4100:
4099:
4089:
4088:
3962:Print permanence
3907:Cross processing
3865:CMYK color model
3850:Color management
3803:Foveon X3 sensor
3798:Three-CCD camera
3442:Miniature faking
3400:Sabattier effect
3017:Astrophotography
2872:Zebra patterning
2503:
2496:
2489:
2480:
2479:
2447:from Academo.org
2434:
2415:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2366:
2357:(2): 2684–2696.
2342:
2336:
2335:
2317:
2311:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2274:. Archived from
2272:10.1002/col.1065
2251:
2245:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2145:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2014:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1986:. Archived from
1967:
1961:
1960:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1879:
1873:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1853:"Sun Fact Sheet"
1848:
1842:
1841:
1831:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1815:. Archived from
1814:
1806:
1800:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1569:
1548:Overillumination
1538:Color metamerism
1490:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1395:color magnitudes
1336:fluorescent lamp
1264:radiant exitance
1188:
1181:
1180:
1160:Cinematographers
1153:camera operators
1136:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1116:
1085:
1077:
1024:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1004:
973:
965:
919:, web graphics,
857:
850:
846:
843:
837:
806:
798:
735:
728:
724:
721:
715:
684:
676:
431:visible spectrum
367:electronic flash
234:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
6234:
6233:
6229:
6228:
6227:
6225:
6224:
6223:
6204:
6203:
6202:
6197:
6169:
6137:
6054:
5972:
5929:
5919:
5842:
5821:Blue in culture
5792:
5711:
5658:Secondary color
5634:
5591:black-and-white
5563:
5556:
5543:
5445:
5431:National colors
5426:Political color
5406:Color symbolism
5392:
5322:Color constancy
5300:Color blindness
5274:
5231:Spectral colors
5188:
5182:
5152:
5147:
5111:Bioluminescence
5094:
5063:
5049:
5006:
4990:
4929:
4913:
4829:
4754:
4678:Emergency light
4654:
4620:
4607:
4599:
4573:
4571:
4564:
4512:
4484:
4455:Magnesium torch
4362:
4264:
4233:
4227:
4184:Light pollution
4159:Accent lighting
4147:
4142:
4112:
4107:
4077:
4034:
3976:
3967:Push processing
3883:
3876:
3870:RGB color model
3819:
3725:
3609:
3521:
3487:Diagonal method
3473:
3218:
3122:Photojournalism
2985:
2817:Black-and-white
2785:
2764:Slide projector
2759:Movie projector
2638:available films
2512:
2507:
2441:
2431:
2412:
2396:
2394:Further reading
2391:
2390:
2343:
2339:
2332:
2322:Der neue Kosmos
2318:
2314:
2308:Wayback Machine
2297:Wayback Machine
2287:
2283:
2252:
2248:
2234:Wayback Machine
2225:
2221:
2214:
2198:
2194:
2184:
2182:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2162:
2146:
2139:
2129:
2127:
2116:
2112:
2102:
2100:
2093:
2077:
2073:
2026:
2022:
2012:
2010:
1999:
1995:
1968:
1964:
1957:
1941:
1937:
1930:
1910:
1906:
1896:
1894:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1866:
1864:
1849:
1845:
1832:
1828:
1819:
1812:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1785:Wayback Machine
1775:
1771:
1761:
1759:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1736:
1734:
1724:
1720:
1710:
1708:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1682:
1672:
1668:
1658:
1656:
1646:
1642:
1632:
1630:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1579:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1561:
1509:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1423:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1380:
1368:
1360:fuller spectrum
1324:
1309:
1303:
1298:
1297:
1290:perceived color
1283:
1251:
1243:
1137:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1102:
1086:
1075:
1025:
1014:
1008:
1005:
990:
974:
963:
947:Windows 11 22H2
917:Digital cameras
858:
847:
841:
838:
823:
807:
796:
736:
725:
719:
716:
701:
685:
674:
662:
632:
611:
598:
531:of sunlight by
506:
428:
415:
414:
352:
224:
136:Planckian locus
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6232:
6222:
6221:
6216:
6199:
6198:
6196:
6195:
6185:
6174:
6171:
6170:
6168:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6151:
6149:
6143:
6142:
6139:
6138:
6136:
6135:
6130:
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6064:
6062:
6056:
6055:
6053:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6036:
6035:
6025:
6020:
6015:
6010:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5989:
5987:
5978:
5974:
5973:
5971:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5933:
5931:
5925:
5924:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5906:
5905:
5900:
5895:
5890:
5885:
5875:
5874:
5873:
5863:
5862:
5861:
5850:
5848:
5844:
5843:
5841:
5840:
5839:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5817:Color history
5815:
5814:
5813:
5802:
5800:
5794:
5793:
5791:
5790:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5765:
5760:
5755:
5750:
5745:
5740:
5734:
5732:
5723:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5709:
5701:
5700:(Schopenhauer)
5693:
5688:
5685:Color analysis
5682:
5680:Color triangle
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5661:
5660:
5655:
5644:
5642:
5636:
5635:
5633:
5632:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5616:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5594:
5593:
5577:
5575:
5566:
5558:
5557:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5544:
5542:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5530:
5529:
5528:
5527:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5500:
5499:
5498:
5493:
5486:Color printing
5483:
5478:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5466:
5455:
5453:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5421:Kruithof curve
5418:
5413:
5408:
5402:
5400:
5394:
5393:
5391:
5390:
5383:
5378:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5335:
5334:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5313:
5312:
5307:
5297:
5296:
5295:
5293:Sonochromatism
5284:
5282:
5276:
5275:
5273:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5261:
5260:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5243:
5233:
5228:
5227:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5205:
5203:
5196:
5190:
5189:
5181:
5180:
5173:
5166:
5158:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5145:
5144:
5143:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5102:
5100:
5099:Related topics
5096:
5095:
5093:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5061:
5058:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5041:
5040:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5009:
5007:
5005:
5004:
5001:
4995:
4992:
4991:
4989:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4932:
4930:
4928:
4927:
4922:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4909:
4899:
4894:
4893:
4892:
4890:retroreflector
4882:
4877:
4872:
4871:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4850:
4845:
4839:
4837:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4790:
4785:
4784:
4783:
4778:
4768:
4762:
4760:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4747:
4745:Track lighting
4742:
4737:
4736:
4735:
4725:
4720:
4718:Recessed light
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4688:Gooseneck lamp
4685:
4680:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4650:
4645:
4634:
4632:
4626:
4625:
4622:
4621:
4619:
4618:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4603:
4595:
4585:
4579:
4577:
4570:High-intensity
4566:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4551:
4550:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4528:
4522:
4520:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4494:
4492:
4486:
4485:
4483:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4435:
4425:
4424:
4423:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4372:
4370:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4348:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4339:Laser headlamp
4331:
4330:
4329:
4324:
4309:
4308:
4307:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4286:
4285:
4274:
4272:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4246:
4244:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4215:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4191:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4169:Electric light
4166:
4161:
4155:
4153:
4149:
4148:
4141:
4140:
4133:
4126:
4118:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4105:
4094:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4053:
4042:
4040:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3982:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3888:
3886:
3878:
3877:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3847:
3842:
3841:
3840:
3829:
3827:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3806:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3752:
3751:
3739:Digital camera
3735:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3565:Camera obscura
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3531:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3507:Rule of thirds
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3483:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3434:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3275:Harris shutter
3272:
3270:Hand-colouring
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2961:Red-eye effect
2958:
2953:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2867:Exposure value
2864:
2859:
2854:
2852:Depth of focus
2849:
2847:Depth of field
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2652:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2506:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2450:Boyd, Andrew.
2448:
2440:
2439:External links
2437:
2436:
2435:
2429:
2416:
2410:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2337:
2330:
2312:
2281:
2266:(6): 450–457.
2246:
2219:
2212:
2192:
2167:
2160:
2137:
2110:
2091:
2071:
2030:Applied Optics
2020:
1993:
1962:
1955:
1935:
1928:
1922:. p. 11.
1904:
1874:
1843:
1826:
1801:
1769:
1744:
1718:
1692:
1666:
1640:
1627:www.lumens.com
1614:
1589:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1528:Kruithof curve
1525:
1520:
1515:
1508:
1505:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1426:
1422:
1378:
1367:
1364:
1323:
1320:
1305:Main article:
1302:
1299:
1281:
1252:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1227:tungsten lamps
1210:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1139:
1138:
1089:
1087:
1080:
1074:
1071:
1027:
1026:
977:
975:
968:
962:
959:
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894:
891:
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859:
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795:
792:
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688:
686:
679:
673:
670:
661:
658:
657:
656:
644:
631:
628:
610:
607:
597:
594:
568:Tyndall effect
505:
502:
426:
411:
410:
407:
403:
402:
392:
388:
387:
384:
380:
379:
374:
370:
369:
363:
359:
358:
345:
341:
340:
337:
333:
332:
322:
318:
317:
314:
310:
309:
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286:
285:
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261:
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246:
242:
241:
238:
226:
225:
223:
220:
119:
118:
33:
31:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6231:
6220:
6217:
6215:
6212:
6211:
6209:
6194:
6186:
6184:
6176:
6175:
6172:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6152:
6150:
6148:
6144:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6124:
6121:
6119:
6116:
6114:
6111:
6109:
6106:
6104:
6101:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
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6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
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6041:
6038:
6034:
6031:
6030:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5986:
5982:
5979:
5975:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5930:organizations
5926:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5879:
5876:
5872:
5871:Pastel colors
5869:
5868:
5867:
5864:
5860:
5857:
5856:
5855:
5852:
5851:
5849:
5845:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5822:
5819:
5818:
5816:
5812:
5809:
5808:
5807:
5804:
5803:
5801:
5799:
5795:
5789:
5786:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5731:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5718:
5707:
5706:
5702:
5699:
5698:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5653:Primary color
5651:
5650:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5637:
5631:
5628:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5620:Light-on-dark
5618:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5587:
5584:
5583:
5582:
5579:
5578:
5576:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5559:
5554:
5540:
5539:Color mapping
5537:
5535:
5532:
5526:
5523:
5522:
5521:
5518:
5514:
5511:
5510:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5501:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5488:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5464:Color balance
5462:
5461:
5460:
5457:
5456:
5454:
5452:
5448:
5442:
5441:Chromotherapy
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5403:
5401:
5399:
5395:
5389:
5388:
5384:
5382:
5381:Tetrachromacy
5379:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5366:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5305:Achromatopsia
5303:
5302:
5301:
5298:
5294:
5291:
5290:
5289:
5288:Chromesthesia
5286:
5285:
5283:
5281:
5277:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5254:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5211:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5202:Color physics
5200:
5197:
5195:
5194:Color science
5191:
5186:
5179:
5174:
5172:
5167:
5165:
5160:
5159:
5156:
5142:
5139:
5138:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5103:
5101:
5097:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5080:Infrared lamp
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5067:
5065:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5052:
5046:
5043:
5039:
5036:
5035:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4996:
4993:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4926:
4923:
4920:
4919:
4916:
4908:
4905:
4904:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4891:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4836:
4832:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4810:Laser pointer
4808:
4806:
4803:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4761:
4757:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4734:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4713:Pendant light
4711:
4709:
4708:Neon lighting
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4657:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4640:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4631:
4627:
4617:
4614:
4610:
4604:
4602:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4583:Mercury-vapor
4581:
4580:
4578:
4576:
4567:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4549:
4546:
4545:
4544:
4541:
4537:
4534:
4533:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4526:Deuterium arc
4524:
4523:
4521:
4519:
4518:Gas discharge
4515:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4491:
4487:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4429:
4426:
4422:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4369:
4365:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4335:
4332:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4267:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4243:
4239:
4236:
4230:
4224:
4223:Task lighting
4221:
4219:
4216:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4202:
4199:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4179:Light fixture
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4139:
4134:
4132:
4127:
4125:
4120:
4119:
4116:
4104:
4095:
4093:
4084:
4083:
4080:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4031:
4028:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4003:Photographers
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3892:Bleach bypass
3890:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3879:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3860:primary color
3858:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3845:Reversal film
3843:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3810:Image sharing
3808:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3785:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3734:
3732:
3728:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3711:United States
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3570:Daguerreotype
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3530:
3528:
3524:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3415:Stopping down
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3380:Rephotography
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3315:Long-exposure
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3012:Architectural
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2971:Shutter speed
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2924:Metering mode
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2837:Color balance
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2802:Angle of view
2800:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2749:Manufacturers
2747:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2504:
2499:
2497:
2492:
2490:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2432:
2430:0-471-02106-7
2426:
2422:
2417:
2413:
2411:0-240-80405-8
2407:
2403:
2398:
2397:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2341:
2333:
2331:3-540-64165-3
2327:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2299:and X-Rite's
2298:
2294:
2291:
2285:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2228:
2223:
2215:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2196:
2181:
2177:
2171:
2163:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2142:
2125:
2121:
2118:Kern, Chris.
2114:
2098:
2094:
2092:0-444-41490-8
2088:
2084:
2083:
2082:Marine Optics
2075:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2024:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1958:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1939:
1931:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1908:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1847:
1839:
1838:
1830:
1818:
1811:
1805:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1779:
1773:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1733:
1729:
1722:
1706:
1702:
1696:
1681:
1677:
1670:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1628:
1624:
1618:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1578:
1577:www.adobe.com
1574:
1568:
1564:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1518:Color balance
1516:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1424:
1420:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1384:
1377:
1372:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1341:
1337:
1334:(left) and a
1333:
1328:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1308:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1279:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1249:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1187:
1179:
1177:
1171:
1169:
1168:color grading
1165:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1145:
1135:
1132:
1124:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1090:This section
1088:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1045:temperature.
1043:
1038:
1034:
1023:
1020:
1012:
1002:
998:
994:
988:
987:
983:
978:This section
976:
972:
967:
966:
958:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
930:
926:
925:sRGB standard
922:
918:
914:
912:
908:
904:
900:
892:
889:
886:
883:6500 K (
882:
879:
876:
875:
874:
872:
867:
856:
853:
845:
835:
831:
827:
821:
820:
816:
811:This section
809:
805:
800:
799:
791:
789:
783:
780:
778:
773:
769:
765:
762:
758:
754:
753:tungsten film
749:
746:
745:color balance
734:
731:
723:
713:
709:
705:
699:
698:
694:
689:This section
687:
683:
678:
677:
669:
667:
653:
649:
645:
641:
640:
639:
637:
627:
623:
615:
602:
593:
587:
582:
578:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
542:in the early
541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
517:
515:
511:
501:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
477:
475:
471:
467:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
440:
436:
432:
424:
419:
408:
404:
400:
396:
393:
389:
385:
381:
378:
375:
371:
368:
364:
360:
356:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
284:
280:
276:
273:
269:
265:
262:
258:
254:
250:
247:
243:
235:
231:
219:
216:
210:
208:
204:
199:
195:
191:
190:manufacturing
187:
183:
179:
175:
170:
167:
163:
159:
158:light emitted
155:
154:visible light
151:
147:
141:
137:
133:
130:
125:
115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
5903:Fluorescence
5866:Colorfulness
5859:Dichromatism
5703:
5695:
5665:Chromaticity
5648:Color mixing
5640:Color theory
5573:Color scheme
5436:Chromophobia
5385:
5338:
4986:Strobe light
4981:Plasma globe
4956:Crackle tube
4946:Bubble light
4907:trafficators
4902:Turn signals
4728:Street light
4683:Gas lighting
4616:Sodium vapor
4588:Metal-halide
4490:Electric arc
4242:Incandescent
4211:Edison screw
4163:
4068:Polaroid art
3957:K-14 process
3952:Instant film
3947:Gum printing
3897:C-41 process
3882:Photographic
3783:Image sensor
3778:Film scanner
3432:Sun printing
3365:Print toning
3157:space selfie
3127:Pictorialism
3057:Ethnographic
3037:Conservation
2909:Guide number
2904:Focal length
2841:
2420:
2401:
2354:
2350:
2340:
2321:
2315:
2284:
2276:the original
2263:
2259:
2249:
2222:
2202:
2195:
2185:September 4,
2183:. Retrieved
2179:
2170:
2150:
2128:. Retrieved
2113:
2101:. Retrieved
2081:
2074:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2011:. Retrieved
1996:
1988:the original
1975:
1965:
1945:
1938:
1914:
1907:
1895:. Retrieved
1877:
1865:. Retrieved
1846:
1840:. Constable.
1836:
1829:
1817:the original
1804:
1796:
1792:
1772:
1760:. Retrieved
1756:
1747:
1735:. Retrieved
1732:RelightDepot
1731:
1721:
1709:. Retrieved
1704:
1695:
1683:. Retrieved
1679:
1669:
1657:. Retrieved
1653:
1643:
1631:. Retrieved
1626:
1617:
1605:. Retrieved
1601:
1592:
1580:. Retrieved
1576:
1567:
1543:Colored fire
1493:
1401:
1397:
1388:
1375:
1345:
1310:
1213:
1198:
1193:
1172:
1164:pre-flashing
1158:
1150:
1127:
1118:
1103:Please help
1091:
1052:However, in
1051:
1047:
1030:
1015:
1006:
991:Please help
979:
933:
915:
907:light tables
902:
896:
863:
848:
839:
824:Please help
812:
784:
781:
766:
750:
741:
726:
717:
702:Please help
690:
663:
633:
624:
620:
596:Applications
590:
572:
552:golden hours
537:
521:its position
518:
507:
478:
463:
444:
435:Planck's law
383:6500 K
373:6200 K
344:5000 K
336:3350 K
321:3200 K
313:3000 K
297:2700 K
289:2550 K
278:2400 K
260:1850 K
245:1700 K
237:Temperature
229:
211:
194:astrophysics
171:
145:
144:
131:
107:
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
6040:Color chart
5898:Iridescence
5730:Basic terms
5721:Color terms
5675:Color wheel
5670:Color solid
5534:Color space
5520:subtractive
5503:Color model
5374:Unique hues
5270:Colorimetry
5236:Chromophore
5131:Signal lamp
5085:Stroboscope
4961:DJ lighting
4897:Stop lights
4868:sealed beam
4820:Searchlight
4560:Xenon flash
4503:Klieg light
4351:Solid-state
4312:Fluorescent
4270:Luminescent
4073:Stereoscopy
3932:E-6 process
3927:Dye coupler
3855:color space
3768:Digiscoping
3761:camera back
3676:Philippines
3605:Visual arts
3595:Glass plate
3580:Heliography
3479:Composition
3454:Ultraviolet
3410:Stereoscopy
3405:Slow motion
3390:Scanography
3305:Kite aerial
3250:Contre-jour
3142:Post-mortem
3132:Pornography
3112:Neues Sehen
3047:Documentary
2981:Zone System
2956:Reciprocity
2882:Film format
2812:Backscatter
2790:Terminology
2660:beauty dish
2564:rangefinder
2529:light-field
2510:Photography
2290:SpectroLino
1199:"Cool" gray
1194:"Warm" gray
929:white point
911:color slide
893:9300 K
788:colorimetry
636:fishkeeping
630:Aquaculture
566:called the
425:radiance (B
329:photofloods
302:fluorescent
182:videography
178:photography
166:temperature
6208:Categories
6060:Shades of:
5893:Brightness
5625:Web colors
5581:Color tool
5564:philosophy
5469:Color cast
5369:Afterimage
5359:Metamerism
5332:Color code
5327:Color task
5310:Dichromacy
5075:Grow light
5070:Germicidal
5060:Scientific
5057:Industrial
5013:Floodlight
4999:Theatrical
4941:Blacklight
4936:Aroma lamp
4925:Decorative
4835:Automotive
4825:Solar lamp
4788:Glow stick
4771:Flashlight
4703:Nightlight
4698:Light tube
4673:Chandelier
4630:Stationary
4572:discharge
4498:Carbon arc
4368:Combustion
4234:generation
4232:Methods of
4063:Lomography
3884:processing
3833:Print film
3749:comparison
3716:Uzbekistan
3666:Luxembourg
3626:Bangladesh
3575:Dufaycolor
3555:Box camera
3512:Simplicity
3469:Zoom burst
3464:Xerography
3459:Vignetting
3449:Time-lapse
3437:Tilt–shift
3330:Mordançage
3320:Luminogram
3285:Holography
3280:High-speed
3260:Fill flash
3245:Burst mode
3223:Techniques
3204:Vernacular
3199:Underwater
3194:Toy camera
3174:Still life
3102:Monochrome
3092:High-speed
3042:Cloudscape
3032:Conceptual
2934:Photograph
2919:Lens flare
2899:Film speed
2781:Zone plate
2727:wide-angle
2712:long-focus
2364:2011.02517
2301:ColorMunki
2242:3900734070
1559:References
1496:HR diagram
1340:nanometers
1294:brightness
1268:black-body
1176:black body
939:Windows 11
772:color gels
556:scattering
525:scattering
451:black body
423:black-body
255:(LPS/SOX)
186:publishing
71:newspapers
5910:Grayscale
5883:Lightness
5878:Luminance
5687:(fashion)
5387:The dress
5141:Reflected
5121:Light art
5033:Spotlight
5018:Footlight
5003:Cinematic
4971:Lava lamp
4733:in the US
4638:Reflector
4555:Xenon arc
4536:Neon lamp
4465:Rushlight
4445:Limelight
4194:Hong Kong
4008:Norwegian
3972:Stop bath
3917:Developer
3912:Cyanotype
3540:Ambrotype
3502:Lead room
3425:Slit-scan
3360:Photogram
3355:Panoramic
3265:Fireworks
3097:Landscape
2742:telephoto
2690:reflector
2685:monolight
2680:lens hood
2665:cucoloris
2606:safelight
2517:Equipment
2288:Gretag's
2130:March 11,
2103:August 1,
2013:August 1,
1984:1993-890X
1867:March 24,
1680:Backstage
1553:Whiteness
1476:−
1450:−
1391:astronomy
1231:HID lamps
1223:discharge
1121:June 2012
1092:does not
1009:June 2012
980:does not
937:prior to
842:June 2012
813:does not
720:June 2012
691:does not
548:afternoon
546:and late
281:Standard
101:June 2012
6219:Lighting
6183:Category
6165:Lighting
5888:Darkness
5708:(Goethe)
5508:additive
5496:Quattron
4853:Headlamp
4793:Headlamp
4781:Tactical
4759:Portable
4740:Torchère
4421:Petromax
4416:Kerosene
4386:Campfire
4356:LED lamp
4152:Concepts
4145:Lighting
4092:Category
3788:CMOS APS
3686:Slovenia
3614:Regional
3560:Calotype
3497:Headroom
3375:Redscale
3290:Infrared
3240:Brenizer
3214:Wildlife
3137:Portrait
3082:Forensic
3072:Fine-art
3007:Aircraft
2997:Abstract
2877:F-number
2857:Exposure
2832:Clipping
2807:Aperture
2675:hot shoe
2601:enlarger
2596:Darkroom
2304:Archived
2293:Archived
2230:Archived
2124:Archived
2097:Archived
2066:11061625
2058:18264420
2007:Archived
1920:Sterling
1897:June 18,
1891:Archived
1861:Archived
1781:Archived
1762:June 17,
1737:June 17,
1711:June 17,
1685:June 17,
1659:June 17,
1633:June 17,
1607:June 17,
1582:June 17,
1507:See also
1406:A0V star
941:are use
761:tungsten
648:aquarium
609:Lighting
540:daylight
514:sunlight
474:red heat
349:daylight
347:Horizon
174:lighting
129:CIE 1931
6147:Related
6108:Magenta
6033:history
5937:Pantone
5224:Visible
5219:Rainbow
5136:Sources
5090:Tanning
4976:Marquee
4921:Display
4805:Lantern
4798:outdoor
4750:Troffer
4593:ceramic
4450:Luchina
4428:Lantern
4321:compact
4319: (
4255:Halogen
4250:Regular
4103:Outline
4039:Related
3721:Vietnam
3706:Ukraine
3641:Denmark
3621:Albania
3600:Tintype
3527:History
3492:Framing
3385:Rollout
3350:Panning
3300:Kirlian
3209:Wedding
3087:Glamour
3067:Fashion
3052:Eclipse
3022:Banquet
2944:Albumen
2754:Monopod
2732:fisheye
2700:softbox
2554:pinhole
2544:instant
2534:digital
2369:Bibcode
2038:Bibcode
1799:color).
1778:article
1280:(CCT, T
1219:filters
1113:removed
1098:sources
1001:removed
986:sources
834:removed
819:sources
768:Filters
712:removed
697:sources
544:morning
504:The Sun
455:kelvins
439:kelvins
401:screen
331:, etc.
327:lamps,
272:sunrise
266:flame,
251:flame,
240:Source
203:kelvins
85:scholar
6160:Qualia
6155:Vision
6103:Purple
6098:Violet
6078:Yellow
6073:Orange
5768:Orange
5763:Purple
5753:Yellow
5187:topics
4858:hidden
4723:Sconce
4548:Sulfur
4543:Plasma
4475:Tilley
4470:Safety
4433:Fanous
4396:Carcel
4391:Candle
4381:Argand
4260:Nernst
4189:Hawaii
4101:
4090:
4018:street
4013:Polish
3701:Turkey
3696:Taiwan
3681:Serbia
3671:Norway
3646:Greece
3631:Canada
3230:Afocal
3189:Street
3169:Sports
3152:Selfie
3107:Nature
3062:Erotic
3027:Candid
3002:Aerial
2990:Genres
2892:medium
2769:Tripod
2737:swivel
2650:Filter
2628:holder
2623:format
2524:Camera
2427:
2408:
2328:
2240:
2210:
2158:
2089:
2064:
2056:
1982:
1953:
1926:
1797:warmer
1793:cooler
1408:(e.g.
1288:whose
1272:5780 K
1151:Video
1069:menu.
1058:NTSC-C
1054:NTSC-J
957:data.
643:alive.
626:LEDs.
357:(CFL)
325:Studio
308:lamps
268:sunset
264:Candle
164:. The
160:by an
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
6214:Color
6193:Index
6133:Black
6123:White
6118:Brown
6083:Green
5985:Lists
5977:Names
5959:(CIE)
5928:Color
5788:Brown
5783:White
5773:Black
5743:Green
5562:Color
5258:Water
5214:Light
5185:Color
5116:Laser
5028:Scoop
4655:(PAR)
4608:(HQI)
4600:(HMI)
4574:(HID)
4480:Torch
4438:Paper
4406:Flare
4174:Glare
4023:women
3981:Lists
3937:Fixer
3815:Pixel
3744:D-SLR
3691:Sudan
3661:Korea
3656:Japan
3651:India
3636:China
3420:Strip
3345:Night
3325:Macro
3235:Bokeh
3179:Stock
3147:Ruins
2887:large
2717:prime
2695:snoot
2655:Flash
2633:stock
2574:still
2559:press
2549:phone
2539:field
2359:arXiv
2351:MNRAS
2062:S2CID
1887:CRISP
1820:(PDF)
1813:(PDF)
1235:lamps
562:– an
550:(the
538:Some
249:Match
198:white
152:of a
150:color
92:JSTOR
78:books
6128:Gray
6113:Pink
6093:Blue
6088:Cyan
5778:Gray
5758:Pink
5738:Blue
5525:CMYK
5023:Gobo
4531:Neon
4401:Diya
4051:film
3756:MILC
3255:ETTR
3117:Nude
3077:Fire
2976:Sync
2774:head
2722:zoom
2707:Lens
2670:gobo
2618:base
2613:Film
2589:view
2425:ISBN
2406:ISBN
2326:ISBN
2238:ISBN
2208:ISBN
2187:2024
2156:ISBN
2132:2011
2105:2012
2087:ISBN
2054:PMID
2015:2012
1980:ISSN
1951:ISBN
1924:ISBN
1899:2012
1869:2023
1857:NASA
1764:2024
1739:2024
1713:2024
1687:2024
1661:2024
1635:2024
1609:2024
1602:BenQ
1584:2024
1410:Vega
1400:and
1383:Vega
1311:The
1262:and
1096:any
1094:cite
1056:and
1042:ATSC
1035:and
1033:NTSC
1031:The
984:any
982:cite
955:EDID
951:OLED
943:sRGB
921:DVDs
817:any
815:cite
695:any
693:cite
508:The
485:LEDs
421:The
304:and
207:unit
127:The
64:news
6068:Red
5854:Hue
5748:Red
5513:RGB
4460:Oil
4411:Gas
3793:CCD
2584:toy
2579:TLR
2569:SLR
2377:doi
2355:507
2268:doi
2046:doi
1389:In
1379:eff
1313:CIE
1266:vs
1107:by
1067:OSD
1037:PAL
995:by
903:D50
885:D65
828:by
706:by
664:In
634:In
575:D65
510:Sun
476:).
399:CRT
397:or
395:LCD
306:LED
132:x,y
47:by
6210::
2375:.
2367:.
2353:.
2349:.
2264:26
2262:.
2258:.
2178:.
2140:^
2122:.
2095:.
2060:.
2052:.
2044:.
2034:36
2032:.
2005:.
1974:.
1918:.
1889:.
1885:.
1859:.
1855:.
1824:"
1755:.
1730:.
1703:.
1678:.
1652:.
1625:.
1600:.
1575:.
1352:nm
1282:cp
1178:.
931:.
570:.
192:,
188:,
184:,
180:,
176:,
5177:e
5170:t
5163:v
4323:)
4137:e
4130:t
4123:v
2502:e
2495:t
2488:v
2475:.
2468:.
2433:.
2414:.
2385:.
2379::
2371::
2361::
2334:.
2270::
2244:)
2236:(
2216:.
2189:.
2164:.
2134:.
2107:.
2068:.
2048::
2040::
2017:.
1959:.
1932:.
1901:.
1871:.
1766:.
1741:.
1715:.
1689:.
1663:.
1637:.
1611:.
1586:.
1479:V
1473:B
1453:V
1447:B
1425:C
1421:T
1402:V
1398:B
1376:T
1250:.
1134:)
1128:(
1123:)
1119:(
1115:.
1101:.
1022:)
1016:(
1011:)
1007:(
1003:.
989:.
887:)
855:)
849:(
844:)
840:(
836:.
822:.
733:)
727:(
722:)
718:(
714:.
700:.
427:λ
270:/
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
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