1622:
1493:
1363:
39:
1545:
1415:
1233:
847:
1285:
409:
3218:
803:
3204:
866:
2798:
The national government and provincial governments may use any particular official languages for the purposes of government, taking into account usage, practicality, expense, regional circumstances and the balance of the needs and preferences of the population as a whole or in the province concerned;
2622:
These non-official languages may be used in limited semi-official use where it has been determined that these languages are prevalent. More importantly, these languages have significant local functions in specific communities whose identity is tightly bound around the linguistic and cultural identity
868:
872:
871:
867:
1656:
The indigenous
African languages of South Africa which are official, and therefore dominant, can be divided into two geographical zones, with Nguni languages being predominant in the south-eastern third of the country (Indian Ocean coast) and Sotho-Tswana languages being predominant in the northern
873:
1617:
The most common language spoken as a first language by South
Africans is Zulu (23 percent), followed by Xhosa (16 percent), and Afrikaans (14 percent). English is the fourth most common first language in the country (9.6%), but is understood in most urban areas and is the dominant language in
2808:
The national government and provincial governments, by legislative and other measures, must regulate and monitor their use of official languages. Without detracting from the provisions of subsection (2), all official languages must enjoy parity of esteem and must be treated
870:
4836:
3241:
1652:
branch (which includes Zulu, Xhosa, Swati and
Ndebele languages officially). For each of the two groups, the languages within that group are for the most part intelligible to a native speaker of any other language within that group.
3275:
1669:
is the most linguistically heterogeneous province, with roughly equal numbers of Nguni, Sotho-Tswana and Indo-European language speakers, with
Khoekhoe influence. This has resulted in the spread of an urban argot,
2791:
Recognising the historically diminished use and status of the indigenous languages of our people, the state must take practical and positive measures to elevate the status and advance the use of these languages.
1771:
Afrikaans is also spoken widely across the centre and north of the country, as a second (or third or even fourth) language by Black or
Indigenous South Africans (which, in South Africa, popularly means
869:
1752:
was established. From here the message of Islam was disseminated to the slave community of Cape Town, and this population was foundational in the formation of
Afrikaans. Of particular note is the
2709:
on 16 December 1996 uses (mostly) the names of the languages expressed in those languages themselves. Sesotho refers to
Southern Sotho, and isiNdebele refers to Southern Ndebele. The
3506:
4030:
511:
4811:
3438:
4467:
17:
5601:
5371:
1144:
was recognised as the twelfth official language of South Africa by the
National Assembly on 3 May 2023. Unofficial languages are protected under the
833:
4260:
1140:, which is the primary language used in parliamentary and state discourse, though all official languages are equal in legal status. In addition,
1736:. Yusuf, along with 49 followers including two wives, two concubines and twelve children, were received in the Cape on 2 April 1694 by governor
1764:, using Arabic letters to represent Afrikaans for both religious and quotidian purposes. It also became the de facto national language of the
4841:
3915:
4600:
757:
3868:
3858:
3416:
4376:
2551:) means that a wide variety of other languages can also be found in parts of South Africa. In the older immigrant communities there are:
4045:
526:
5516:
5356:
4250:
4507:
4154:
3822:
3794:
3766:
3738:
3710:
3682:
3654:
3626:
3598:
3570:
4804:
4346:
4139:
2485:
Other languages spoken in South Africa not mentioned in the
Constitution, include many of those already mentioned above, such as
1621:
3444:. SSIIM (UNESCO Chair on the Social and Spatial Inclusion of International Migrants – Urban Policies and Practices). 10 May 2013
5376:
5293:
4605:
3359:
2642:
and now by more recent immigrants from those countries again – and increasingly French, spoken by immigrants and refugees from
3340:
1780:
1712:
were also brought to the Cape, and these formed a major influencing force in the formation of
Afrikaans, particularly in its
826:
4267:
4240:
4144:
4114:
1697:", as it represents to some degree a creole population many of whom are descendants of slave populations imported by the
3189:
Tshembha leswaku Afrika Dzonga i ya vanhu hinkwavo lava tshamaka eka rona, hi hlanganile hi ku hambana-hambana ka hina.
5705:
4797:
4308:
2710:
3186:
U tenda uri Afrika Tshipembe ndi ḽa vhoṱhe vhane vha dzula khaḽo, vho vhofhekanywaho vha vha huthihi naho vha sa fani.
2516:
Many unofficial languages have been variously claimed to be dialects of official languages, which largely follows the
4381:
4328:
4303:
4215:
4119:
3908:
3474:
3372:
2724:
The constitution mentions "sign language" in the generic sense rather than South African Sign Language specifically.
4831:
4585:
4395:
4313:
4066:
4061:
4025:
2813:
1744:, in an attempt to minimise his influence on the VOC's slaves. The plan failed however; Yusuf's settlement (called
819:
506:
5627:
4590:
4487:
4447:
4333:
4235:
4149:
4129:
4124:
787:
703:
634:
1720:. Primary of these was the founder of Islam at the Cape, Sheikh Abadin Tadia Tjoessoep (known as Sheikh Yusuf).
5391:
4492:
4164:
4102:
3236:
2626:
The fastest growing non-official language is Portuguese – first spoken by immigrants from Portugal, especially
1151:
Unofficial and marginalised languages include what are considered some of Southern Africa's oldest languages:
5674:
5670:
4625:
4502:
4452:
4323:
4134:
3960:
3953:
3095:
Sihlonipha labo abatlhoriswako ngerhuluphelo lokobana kube khona ubulungiswa netjhaphuluko enarheni yekhethu;
680:
539:
441:
434:
3183:
Re dumela fa Aforika Borwa e le ya botlhe ba ba tshelang mo go yona, re le ngata e le nngwe ka go farologana
5056:
5026:
4617:
4565:
4535:
4366:
4225:
4195:
4092:
3901:
3875:
Language Policy, Language Education, Language Rights: Indigenous, Immigrant, and International Perspectives
3242:
Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities
3177:
Re dumela gore Afrika-Borwa ke ya batho bohle ba ba dulago go yona, re le ngata e tee e nago le pharologano
2918:
2695:
1188:
1145:
782:
281:
1492:
5683:
5246:
4462:
4442:
4293:
3531:
2416:
2098:
1362:
1141:
1105:
1066:
675:
363:
220:
3276:"The NA Approves South African Sign Language as the 12th Official Language - Parliament of South Africa"
1677:
Tsotsitaal in its original form as "Flaaitaal" was based on Afrikaans, a colonial language derived from
5431:
5286:
4890:
4704:
4517:
4437:
4417:
4245:
4220:
4205:
3887:
3290:
3231:
3174:
Sikholelwa ekutseni iNingizimu Afrika yabo bonkhe labahlala kuyo, sihlangene ngekwehlukahlukana kwetfu;
1709:
1645:
1544:
1369:
725:
662:
3863:
3165:
Sikholwa bonyana iSewula Afrika ingeyabo boke abandzindze kiyo, sibambisane ngokwahlukahlukana kwethu.
1414:
38:
5666:
5531:
5336:
5076:
4935:
4422:
4371:
4255:
4210:
4159:
4109:
4080:
2937:
2772:
2490:
2395:
2074:
1640:
The majority of South Africans speak a language from one of the two principal branches of the native
1196:
1093:
1051:
567:
291:
215:
3556:
2799:
but the national government and each provincial government must use at least two official languages.
5546:
5436:
5366:
4972:
4881:
4570:
4560:
4482:
4427:
4407:
4356:
4183:
4169:
4040:
3948:
1773:
1698:
645:
521:
429:
1232:
5606:
5526:
5491:
5476:
5461:
5416:
5351:
4898:
4858:
4764:
4757:
4527:
4497:
4472:
4361:
4298:
4281:
4097:
3936:
3928:
3261:
2732:
2718:
2548:
2248:
1930:
1733:
1689:). Afrikaans is spoken as first language by approximately 61 percent of whites and 76 percent of
1499:
419:
399:
185:
5657:
3098:
Sibothulel’ umnqwazi abo baye bev’ ubunzima ukuze kubekho ubulungisa nenkululeko elizweni lethu;
846:
5481:
4545:
4477:
4432:
4318:
4200:
1745:
1648:
branch (which includes Southern Sotho, Northern Sotho and Tswana languages officially), or the
1284:
730:
3464:
3168:
Sikholelwa kwelokuba uMzantsi-Afrika ngowabo bonke abahlala kuwo, bemanyene nangona bengafani.
5581:
5556:
5406:
5401:
5381:
5346:
5331:
5279:
5221:
4871:
4773:
4738:
4733:
4595:
4580:
4575:
4550:
4512:
4412:
3965:
3171:
Sikholelwa ukuthi iNingizimu Afrika ingeyabo bonke abahlala kuyo, sibumbene nakuba singafani.
1749:
1137:
976:
855:
741:
717:
694:
618:
562:
446:
390:
165:
2802:
Municipalities must take into account the language usage and preferences of their residents.
5653:
5644:
5635:
5566:
5536:
5521:
5506:
5496:
5486:
5451:
5446:
5396:
5341:
5316:
5251:
4630:
3985:
3180:
Re dumela hore Afrika Borwa ke naha ya bohle ba phelang ho yona, re kopane le ha re fapane.
2679:
1724:
Yusuf was an Indonesian noble of royal descent, being the nephew of the Sultan Alauddin of
1674:
or S'Camtho/Ringas, in large urban townships in the province, which has spread nationwide.
777:
670:
466:
3419:[The Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries, with Jorge Couto] (in Portuguese)
8:
5576:
5571:
5511:
5466:
5426:
5321:
5302:
5122:
5071:
4778:
4694:
4230:
3879:
3223:
3119:
Hi xixima lava xanisekeke hikwalaho ko hisekela vululami na ntshunxeko etikweni ra hina;
2862:
2564:
2544:
1192:
807:
652:
286:
5631:
5551:
5501:
5456:
5441:
5421:
5411:
5386:
5326:
4554:
4338:
4010:
3151:
Ri ṱhonifha havho vhe vha shuma vha tshi itela u fhaṱa na u bveledzisa shango ḽashu; na
2762:
1737:
1204:
1036:
491:
328:
210:
3130:
Sihlonipha labo abasebenzileko ekwakhiweni nekuthuthukisweni kwephasi lekhethu; begodu
3104:
Setfulela sigcoko labo labahlushwa kuze sitfole bulungiswa nenkhululeko eveni lakitsi;
1168:
256:
5561:
5471:
5361:
5112:
5066:
5051:
4540:
4005:
3980:
3970:
3532:"Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 - Chapter 1: Founding Provisions"
3470:
3368:
3336:
3162:
Glo dat Suid-Afrika behoort aan almal wat daarin woon, verenig in ons verskeidenheid.
2888:
2854:
2828:
2576:
2556:
486:
461:
451:
157:
3209:
2927:
2767:
2616:
2592:
2588:
2311:
2269:
2177:
1906:
1757:
1717:
3491:
3391:
3113:
Re tlotla ba ba bogileng ka ntlha ya tshiamo le kgololosego mo lefatsheng la rona;
2660:
languages have arrived in South Africa, mostly in the major cities, especially in
1164:
251:
5164:
5138:
5102:
5081:
4980:
4927:
4914:
4020:
3330:
3159:
Believe that South Africa belongs to all who live in it, united in our diversity.
2892:
2884:
2880:
2866:
2846:
2757:
2742:
2699:
2604:
2600:
2580:
2572:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2332:
2290:
2002:
1954:
1803:
1649:
1641:
1634:
1212:
1200:
1176:
1117:
1113:
1006:
961:
946:
592:
587:
501:
370:
302:
266:
200:
190:
3116:
Ri ṱhonifha havho vhe vha tambulela vhulamukanyi na mbofholowo kha shango ḽashu;
5236:
5226:
5198:
5133:
5127:
5107:
5046:
5041:
4999:
4951:
4943:
4906:
4716:
4015:
3142:
Re hlompha bao ba ilego ba katanela go aga le go hlabolla naga ya gaborena; mme
3127:
Respekteer diegene wat hul beywer het om ons land op te bou en te ontwikkel; en
2870:
2858:
2850:
2777:
2752:
2747:
2737:
2706:
2646:
2596:
2568:
2560:
2552:
2374:
2353:
2206:
2050:
2026:
1978:
1858:
1797:
1713:
1701:(VOC) from slaving posts in West and East Africa, and from its colonies of the
1681:, which is the most widely spoken language in the western half of the country (
1678:
1239:
1219:
between the official and unofficial language forms for speakers of the latter.
1208:
1184:
1180:
1129:
1121:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1021:
991:
916:
859:
602:
597:
582:
577:
572:
496:
338:
333:
276:
271:
205:
195:
180:
5699:
5086:
5061:
4959:
4726:
4655:
4650:
3315:
2783:
2683:
2524:, wherein minority populations were legally assimilated towards the official
2185:
1834:
1765:
1748:) soon became a sanctuary for slaves and it was here that the first cohesive
1686:
1172:
1156:
1152:
1133:
901:
607:
358:
348:
261:
236:
175:
4789:
3145:
Re tlotla ba ileng ba sebeletsa ho aha le ho ntshetsa pele naha ya rona; mme
3139:
Sihlonipha labo labaye basebentela kwakha nekutfutfukisa live lakitsi; futsi
3107:
Re tlotla bao ba ilego ba hlokofaletšwa toka le tokologo nageng ya gaborena;
4665:
4660:
4645:
4640:
4000:
3924:
2661:
2653:
2525:
1702:
1682:
1085:
481:
3133:
Siyabahlonela abo baye basebenzela ukwakha nokuphucula ilizwe lethu; kwaye
3110:
Re tlotla ba hlokofaditsweng ka lebaka la toka le tokoloho naheng ya rona;
5190:
4721:
4670:
4635:
4351:
3995:
3975:
2657:
2643:
1761:
1753:
1694:
476:
456:
3893:
2912:
1203:, SePulana, HiPai, SeKutswe, SeṰokwa, SeHananwa, SiThonga, SiLaNgomane,
4699:
4687:
3874:
3101:
Siphakamisa labo abahluphekela ubulungiswa nenkululeko emhlabeni wethu;
2635:
2521:
2506:
1671:
1626:
408:
5271:
2845:
all languages commonly used by communities in South Africa, including
5204:
4866:
4711:
4035:
3136:
Sihlonipha labo abasebenzele ukwakha nokuthuthukisa izwe lethu; futhi
2972:
2932:
2669:
2608:
2517:
2227:
1882:
1741:
1630:
1216:
1125:
931:
851:
557:
516:
170:
3439:"Portuguese Migration to, And Settlement in South Africa: 1510-2013"
3092:
Huldig diegene wat vir geregtigheid en vryheid in ons land gely het;
3081:
Ri dzhiela nṱha u shaea ha vhulamukanyi kha tshifhinga tsho fhelaho;
5231:
5169:
4682:
3990:
3203:
3148:
Re tlotla ba ba diretseng go aga le go tlhabolola naga ya rona; mme
3124:
Respect those who have worked to build and develop our country; and
2977:
2967:
2942:
2665:
2639:
2498:
1729:
1690:
1658:
1160:
471:
246:
241:
4837:
Commission for Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Community Rights
3060:
Siyakwazi ukungakaphatheki kwethu ngokomthetho kwesikhathi sakade;
4677:
2962:
2952:
2947:
2820:
promote, and create conditions for, the development and use of -
2717:, while the 1996 Constitution used "Sepedi" for the title of the
2627:
2612:
1666:
1662:
1783:
recorded the following distribution of first language speakers:
5241:
5159:
3417:"A Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa, com Jorge Couto"
2957:
2673:
2631:
2536:
2532:
1550:
Density of first-language speakers of West Germanic languages.
376:
3507:"Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 200 of 1993"
3154:
Hi hlonipha lava tirheke ku aka no hluvukisa tiko ra hina; no
3089:
Honour those who suffered for justice and freedom in our land;
3084:
Hi lemuka ku pfumaleka ka vululami ka nkarhi lowu nga hundza;
3069:
Siyakubona kungabi khona kwebulungiswa esikhatsini lesengcile;
2694:
Chapter 1 (Founding Provisions), Section 6 (Languages) of the
2480:
1420:
Density of first-language speakers of Sotho–Tswana languages.
5256:
5117:
2540:
2510:
1721:
1199:, IsiMpondo/IsiMpondro, IsiMpondomise/IsiMpromse/Isimpomse,
5143:
3367:. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa. 2012. pp. 23–25.
2874:
2584:
1725:
3853:
3291:"The 11 languages of South Africa - South Africa Gateway"
2705:
The English text of the constitution signed by president
1756:
pioneering of the first Afrikaans literature, written in
1740:. They were housed on the farm Zandvliet, far outside of
1768:(Xiri or Griekwa) nation, which was a mixed race group.
1657:
third of the country located further inland, as also in
1290:
Density of first-language speakers of Nguni languages.
3329:
Mesthrie, Rajend; Rajend, Mesthrie (17 October 2002).
3066:
Siyazamukela izenzo ezingalungile zesikhathi esadlula;
3466:
English, But Not Quite: Locating Linguistic Diversity
3063:
Siyaziqonda iintswela-bulungisa zexesha elidlulileyo;
2913:
The Constitution of South Africa in various languages
2630:
and later black and white settlers and refugees from
2505:
used as a lingua franca in the mining industry), and
3199:
3075:
Re elellwa ho ba le leeme ha rona nakong e fetileng;
2513:
that has found wider usage as an informal register.
1693:. This racial term is popularly considered to mean "
1211:, SeKopa (Sekgaga), and others. Most South Africans
3490:
3319:, "Tongues under threat", 22 January 2011, p. 58.
5697:
1776:-speaking populations) living in farming areas.
3883:, Vol. 27, No. 4 (Dec., 1998), pp. 439–458
3078:Re itse ditshiamololo tsa rona tse di fetileng;
3072:Re lemoga ditlhokatoka tša rena tša bogologolo;
3386:
3384:
3328:
5287:
4819:
4805:
3909:
3859:Ethnologue Listing of South African Languages
3854:Introduction to the languages of South Africa
2623:that these non-official SA languages signal.
1084:At least thirty-five languages are spoken in
827:
2905:Constitution of the Republic of South Africa
2689:
3381:
2729:The official languages of the Republic are
2481:Other significant languages in South Africa
1498:Proportion of the population that speaks a
1368:Proportion of the population that speaks a
1238:Proportion of the population that speaks a
5294:
5280:
4812:
4798:
3916:
3902:
2917:The following is from the preamble to the
1644:that are represented in South Africa: the
834:
820:
3923:
3288:
3057:Erken die ongeregtighede van ons verlede;
2816:established by national legislation must
1708:Political exiles from the VOC colony of
1620:
1222:
1148:, though few are mentioned by any name.
864:
845:
5301:
3462:
3354:
3352:
3264:. CIA The World Factbook. 8 March 2022.
3254:
2531:Significant numbers of immigrants from
1175:; and other African languages, such as
850:Trilingual government building sign in
14:
5698:
2607:speakers. Older Chinese tend to speak
299:IsiMpondomise / IsiMpromse / Isimpomse
147: Areas of little or no population
5275:
4793:
3897:
3054:Recognise the injustices of our past;
2893:languages used for religious purposes
2615:, but recent immigrants mainly speak
4626:South African Bantu-speaking peoples
3349:
2547:(largely as a result of the British
43:Dominant languages in South Africa:
3034:Tsine, bantfu baseNingizimu Afrika,
24:
3046:Riṋe, vhathu vha Afrika Tshipembe,
3031:Thina, bantu baseNingizimu Afrika,
2497:, as well as mixed languages like
25:
18:Official languages of South Africa
5717:
3847:
2638:after they won independence from
1760:, which was an adaptation of the
1750:Islamic community in South Africa
1699:Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie
5602:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
5372:Democratic Republic of the Congo
4832:Pan South African Language Board
3888:The 11 languages of South Africa
3864:PanAfriL10n page on South Africa
3289:Alexander, Mary (6 March 2018).
3216:
3202:
3028:Thina, bantu baseMzantsi-Afrika,
2814:Pan South African Language Board
2528:of the Bantustan or "Homeland".
1543:
1491:
1413:
1361:
1283:
1231:
1213:can speak more than one language
886:Languages in South Africa (2017)
801:
407:
37:
3815:
3787:
3759:
3731:
3703:
3675:
3647:
3619:
3591:
3563:
3549:
3524:
3499:
3483:
3456:
3022:Ons, die mense van Suid-Afrika,
3019:We, the people of South Africa,
2841:promote and ensure respect for
2682:is spoken by the South African
1786:
1088:, twelve of which are official
4842:Department of Arts and Culture
3431:
3409:
3335:. Cambridge University Press.
3322:
3308:
3282:
3268:
3237:Official names of South Africa
3049:Hina, vanhu va Afrika Dzonga,
3025:Thina, abantu beSewula Afrika,
13:
1:
3262:"Africa :: SOUTH AFRICA"
3247:
3043:Rona, batho ba Aforika Borwa,
3361:Census 2011: Census in brief
3040:Rona, batho ba Afrika Borwa,
3037:Rena, batho ba Afrika Borwa,
2919:Constitution of South Africa
2711:Interim Constitution of 1993
2698:is the basis for government
2696:Constitution of South Africa
1215:, and there is very often a
1146:Constitution of South Africa
7:
3195:
2652:More recently, speakers of
1142:South African Sign Language
1106:South African Sign Language
364:South African Sign Language
221:South African Sign Language
83: Southern Ndebele
10:
5722:
3492:"South Africa - Languages"
3232:National Language Services
1618:government and the media.
5706:Languages of South Africa
5615:
5590:
5309:
5214:
5189:
5182:
5152:
5095:
5034:
5019:
4992:
4971:
4926:
4889:
4880:
4857:
4850:
4827:
4821:Languages of South Africa
4751:
4616:
4526:
4403:
4394:
4289:
4280:
4191:
4182:
4088:
4079:
4054:
3944:
3935:
2690:Constitutional provisions
1808:
1802:
1796:
1793:
1718:its early Jawi literature
1090:languages of South Africa
1075:
1065:
1060:
1050:
1045:
1035:
1030:
1020:
1015:
1005:
1000:
990:
985:
975:
970:
960:
955:
945:
940:
930:
925:
915:
910:
900:
895:
890:
885:
369:
357:
347:
287:SiNhlangwini ("IsiZansi")
229:
156:
36:
32:Languages of South Africa
31:
5357:Central African Republic
3463:Palusci, Oriana (2010).
3332:Language in South Africa
877:A man speaking Afrikaans
139: None dominant
4347:State-owned enterprises
4046:Democratic South Africa
2824:all official languages;
2719:Northern Sotho language
2595:and smaller numbers of
2549:Indian indenture system
1193:SiNhlangwini (IsiZansi)
808:South Africa portal
527:Democratic South Africa
400:Culture of South Africa
3873:Hornberger, Nancy H. "
2910:
1637:
1500:West Germanic language
1197:SiNrebele (SiSumayela)
878:
862:
296:IsiMpondo / IsiMpondro
292:SiNdebele (SiSumayela)
5517:São Tomé and Príncipe
5377:Republic of the Congo
5222:Tsotsitaal and Camtho
3966:Kingdom of Mapungubwe
3557:"The SA Constitution"
2726:
1624:
1502:as a first language.
1372:as a first language.
1370:Sotho–Tswana language
1242:as a first language.
1223:Language demographics
876:
849:
447:Kingdom of Mapungubwe
5303:Languages of Africa
5022:unofficial languages
4601:World Heritage Sites
4377:Water and sanitation
3986:Mthethwa Paramountcy
3295:South Africa Gateway
758:World Heritage Sites
467:Mthethwa Paramountcy
371:Keyboard layout
5592:States with limited
3880:Language in Society
3823:"Constitution 1996"
3795:"Constitution 1996"
3767:"Constitution 1996"
3739:"Constitution 1996"
3711:"Constitution 1996"
3683:"Constitution 1996"
3655:"Constitution 1996"
3627:"Constitution 1996"
3599:"Constitution 1998"
3571:"Constitution 1996"
3224:South Africa portal
2545:Indian subcontinent
1625:Trilingual sign in
1601: 1000–3000 /km
1471: 1000–3000 /km
1341: 1000–3000 /km
697:and performing arts
4901:(Sesotho sa Leboa)
4011:Transvaal Republic
2829:Khoi, Nama and San
2176:Change 2011–2022 (
1738:Simon van der Stel
1638:
1607: >3000 /km
1595: 300–1000 /km
1477: >3000 /km
1465: 300–1000 /km
1347: >3000 /km
1335: 300–1000 /km
879:
863:
492:Transvaal Republic
5693:
5692:
5619:other territories
5392:Equatorial Guinea
5269:
5268:
5265:
5264:
5178:
5177:
5027:1996 constitution
5015:
5014:
5011:
5010:
4936:Southern Ndebele
4787:
4786:
4747:
4746:
4390:
4389:
4382:Wealth inequality
4329:Income inequality
4276:
4275:
4251:Political parties
4216:Foreign relations
4178:
4177:
4075:
4074:
4006:Orange Free State
3981:Dutch Cape Colony
3971:Kingdom of Mutapa
3886:Alexander, Mary.
3342:978-0-521-79105-2
3193:
3192:
2478:
2477:
2159:
2158:
1589: 100–300 /km
1459: 100–300 /km
1329: 100–300 /km
1080:
1079:
874:
844:
843:
487:Orange Free State
462:Dutch Cape Colony
452:Kingdom of Mutapa
384:
383:
16:(Redirected from
5713:
5680:
5679:(United Kingdom)
5675:Tristan da Cunha
5671:Ascension Island
5663:
5650:
5641:
5617:Dependencies and
5310:Sovereign states
5296:
5289:
5282:
5273:
5272:
5247:SA Sign Language
5187:
5186:
5077:Northern Ndebele
5032:
5031:
5024:mentioned in the
4887:
4886:
4855:
4854:
4814:
4807:
4800:
4791:
4790:
4767:
4760:
4586:National symbols
4508:Social movements
4401:
4400:
4342:
4314:Economic history
4287:
4286:
4189:
4188:
4155:Populated places
4086:
4085:
4026:Great Depression
3942:
3941:
3918:
3911:
3904:
3895:
3894:
3841:
3840:
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3827:
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3306:
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3280:
3279:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3258:
3226:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3212:
3210:Languages portal
3207:
3206:
2924:
2923:
2906:
2895:in South Africa.
2715:Sesotho sa Leboa
2617:Mandarin Chinese
2520:practice of the
2509:or S'Camtho, an
2450:
2431:
2417:SA Sign Language
2411:
2390:
2369:
2348:
2327:
2306:
2285:
2264:
2243:
2222:
2201:
2161:
2160:
2099:SA Sign Language
1791:
1790:
1758:Arabic Afrikaans
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1581: 30–100 /km
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1547:
1534:
1528:
1520:
1514:
1508:
1495:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1451: 30–100 /km
1450:
1444:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1417:
1404:
1398:
1390:
1384:
1378:
1365:
1346:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1321: 30–100 /km
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1287:
1274:
1268:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1235:
1067:SA Sign Language
883:
882:
875:
836:
829:
822:
806:
805:
804:
507:Great Depression
411:
402:
386:
385:
216:Southern Ndebele
146:
138:
130:
122:
114:
106:
98:
90:
82:
74:
66:
58:
50:
41:
29:
28:
21:
5721:
5720:
5716:
5715:
5714:
5712:
5711:
5710:
5696:
5695:
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5689:
5688:
5678:
5661:
5648:
5639:
5620:
5618:
5611:
5595:
5593:
5586:
5305:
5300:
5270:
5261:
5210:
5174:
5148:
5091:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5007:
4988:
4967:
4922:
4907:Southern Sotho
4899:Northern Sotho
4876:
4846:
4823:
4818:
4788:
4783:
4770:
4763:
4756:
4743:
4612:
4591:Public holidays
4522:
4488:Sexual violence
4468:Life expectancy
4386:
4340:
4334:Mining industry
4272:
4236:Law enforcement
4174:
4140:Mountain ranges
4071:
4050:
4021:Second Boer War
3931:
3922:
3850:
3845:
3844:
3834:
3832:
3825:
3821:
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3816:
3806:
3804:
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3505:
3504:
3500:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3477:
3469:. p. 180.
3461:
3457:
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3432:
3422:
3420:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3398:
3390:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3327:
3323:
3313:
3309:
3299:
3297:
3287:
3283:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3250:
3222:
3217:
3215:
3208:
3201:
3198:
2915:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2837:
2805:
2700:language policy
2692:
2535:, elsewhere in
2503:pidgin language
2483:
2448:
2436:Other languages
2429:
2409:
2388:
2367:
2346:
2325:
2304:
2283:
2262:
2241:
2220:
2199:
2118:Other languages
1809:Total speakers
1789:
1716:influence, and
1691:Coloured people
1642:Bantu languages
1615:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1575: 10–30 /km
1572:
1570:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1558:
1557: <1 /km
1554:
1548:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1510:
1506:
1496:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1446:
1445: 10–30 /km
1442:
1440:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1428:
1427: <1 /km
1424:
1418:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1366:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1316:
1315: 10–30 /km
1312:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1298:
1297: <1 /km
1294:
1288:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1236:
1225:
1082:
1081:
1073:
1058:
1043:
1028:
1013:
998:
983:
968:
953:
938:
923:
908:
865:
840:
802:
800:
793:
792:
788:National anthem
773:
772:
763:
762:
753:
752:
736:
735:
721:
720:
709:
708:
699:
698:
686:
685:
666:
665:
640:
639:
635:Public holidays
630:
629:
613:
612:
553:
552:
534:
533:
532:
531:
502:Second Boer War
423:
422:
398:
380:
379:
343:
225:
152:
151:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
115: Tshivenda
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
51: Afrikaans
48:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5719:
5709:
5708:
5691:
5690:
5687:
5686:
5684:Western Sahara
5681:
5664:
5651:
5642:
5628:Canary Islands
5624:
5623:
5621:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5610:
5609:
5604:
5598:
5596:
5591:
5588:
5587:
5585:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
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5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5384:
5379:
5374:
5369:
5364:
5359:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5319:
5313:
5311:
5307:
5306:
5299:
5298:
5291:
5284:
5276:
5267:
5266:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5237:Pretoria Sotho
5234:
5229:
5227:Oorlams Creole
5224:
5218:
5216:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5201:
5195:
5193:
5184:
5180:
5179:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5156:
5154:
5150:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
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5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
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5049:
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5038:
5036:
5029:
5017:
5016:
5013:
5012:
5009:
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4996:
4994:
4990:
4989:
4987:
4986:
4977:
4975:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4965:
4957:
4949:
4941:
4932:
4930:
4924:
4923:
4921:
4920:
4912:
4904:
4895:
4893:
4884:
4882:Southern Bantu
4878:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4863:
4861:
4852:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4817:
4816:
4809:
4802:
4794:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4769:
4768:
4761:
4753:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4717:Cape Coloureds
4709:
4708:
4707:
4702:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4685:
4675:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4622:
4620:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4606:heritage sites
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4532:
4530:
4524:
4523:
4521:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4493:Slum clearance
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4398:
4392:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4352:Stock exchange
4349:
4344:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4309:Communications
4306:
4301:
4296:
4290:
4284:
4278:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4268:State security
4265:
4264:
4263:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4175:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4150:National parks
4147:
4145:Municipalities
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4103:Climate change
4095:
4089:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4070:
4069:
4064:
4058:
4056:
4052:
4051:
4049:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4016:First Boer War
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3945:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3921:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3890:(January 2018)
3884:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3849:
3848:External links
3846:
3843:
3842:
3830:justice.gov.za
3814:
3802:justice.gov.za
3786:
3774:justice.gov.za
3758:
3746:justice.gov.za
3730:
3718:justice.gov.za
3702:
3690:justice.gov.za
3674:
3662:justice.gov.za
3646:
3634:justice.gov.za
3618:
3606:justice.gov.za
3590:
3578:justice.gov.za
3562:
3548:
3523:
3498:
3482:
3475:
3455:
3430:
3408:
3392:"South Africa"
3380:
3373:
3348:
3341:
3321:
3307:
3281:
3267:
3252:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3228:
3227:
3213:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2878:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2834:sign language;
2832:
2831:languages; and
2825:
2821:
2817:
2810:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2707:Nelson Mandela
2691:
2688:
2656:, Central and
2647:Central Africa
2482:
2479:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2203:
2202:
2197:
2194:
2191:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1829:Of population
1827:
1824:
1823:Of population
1821:
1818:
1817:Of population
1815:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1788:
1785:
1629:, in English,
1603:
1597:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1577:
1571:
1569: 3–10 /km
1565:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1542:
1541:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1497:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1473:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1447:
1441:
1439: 3–10 /km
1435:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1412:
1411:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1387:
1381:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1367:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1343:
1337:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1317:
1311:
1309: 3–10 /km
1305:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1282:
1281:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1240:Nguni language
1237:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1003:
1002:
999:
996:
994:
988:
987:
984:
981:
979:
973:
972:
969:
966:
964:
958:
957:
954:
951:
949:
943:
942:
939:
936:
934:
928:
927:
924:
921:
919:
913:
912:
909:
906:
904:
898:
897:
894:
892:
888:
887:
881:
880:
842:
841:
839:
838:
831:
824:
816:
813:
812:
811:
810:
795:
794:
791:
790:
785:
780:
774:
770:
769:
768:
765:
764:
761:
760:
754:
750:
749:
748:
745:
744:
738:
737:
734:
733:
728:
722:
716:
715:
714:
711:
710:
707:
706:
700:
693:
692:
691:
688:
687:
684:
683:
678:
673:
667:
661:
660:
659:
656:
655:
649:
648:
642:
641:
638:
637:
631:
627:
626:
625:
622:
621:
615:
614:
611:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
573:Northern Sotho
570:
565:
560:
554:
548:
547:
546:
543:
542:
536:
535:
530:
529:
524:
519:
514:
509:
504:
499:
497:First Boer War
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
438:
437:
426:
425:
424:
418:
417:
416:
413:
412:
404:
403:
395:
394:
382:
381:
375:
373:
367:
366:
361:
355:
354:
351:
345:
344:
342:
341:
336:
331:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
305:
300:
297:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
233:
231:
227:
226:
224:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
196:Southern Sotho
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
168:
162:
160:
154:
153:
150:
149:
143:
141:
135:
133:
127:
125:
119:
117:
111:
109:
103:
101:
95:
93:
87:
85:
79:
77:
71:
69:
63:
61:
55:
53:
47:
44:
42:
34:
33:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5718:
5707:
5704:
5703:
5701:
5685:
5682:
5676:
5672:
5668:
5665:
5659:
5655:
5652:
5646:
5643:
5637:
5633:
5629:
5626:
5625:
5622:
5614:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5599:
5597:
5589:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5448:
5445:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5432:Guinea-Bissau
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5297:
5292:
5290:
5285:
5283:
5278:
5277:
5274:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5213:
5207:
5206:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5196:
5194:
5192:
5188:
5185:
5181:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5151:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5018:
5004:
5003:
4998:
4997:
4995:
4991:
4985:
4984:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4970:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4948:
4947:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4934:
4933:
4931:
4929:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4913:
4911:
4910:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4879:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4864:
4862:
4860:
4859:West Germanic
4856:
4853:
4849:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4826:
4822:
4815:
4810:
4808:
4803:
4801:
4796:
4795:
4792:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4771:
4766:
4762:
4759:
4755:
4754:
4750:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4710:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4696:
4693:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4676:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4621:
4619:
4615:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4533:
4531:
4529:
4525:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4503:Social issues
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4453:Land invasion
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4324:Foreign trade
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4279:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4193:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4181:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4078:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3961:Early history
3959:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3919:
3914:
3912:
3907:
3905:
3900:
3899:
3896:
3889:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3872:
3870:
3869:Statistics SA
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3831:
3824:
3818:
3803:
3796:
3790:
3775:
3768:
3762:
3747:
3740:
3734:
3719:
3712:
3706:
3691:
3684:
3678:
3663:
3656:
3650:
3635:
3628:
3622:
3607:
3600:
3594:
3579:
3572:
3566:
3558:
3552:
3537:
3533:
3527:
3512:
3508:
3502:
3493:
3486:
3478:
3476:9788864580074
3472:
3468:
3467:
3459:
3440:
3434:
3418:
3412:
3397:
3393:
3387:
3385:
3376:
3374:9780621413885
3370:
3363:
3362:
3355:
3353:
3344:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3325:
3318:
3317:
3316:The Economist
3311:
3296:
3292:
3285:
3277:
3271:
3263:
3257:
3253:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3214:
3211:
3205:
3200:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3010:
3007:
3004:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2833:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2687:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2624:
2620:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2514:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1928:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1805:
1799:
1792:
1784:
1782:
1777:
1775:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1705:trade route.
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1687:Northern Cape
1684:
1680:
1675:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1563: 1–3 /km
1546:
1535: 80–100%
1501:
1494:
1433: 1–3 /km
1416:
1405: 80–100%
1371:
1364:
1303: 1–3 /km
1286:
1275: 80–100%
1241:
1234:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1153:Khoekhoegowab
1149:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1070:
1068:
1064:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1040:
1038:
1034:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1010:
1008:
1004:
995:
993:
989:
980:
978:
974:
965:
963:
959:
950:
948:
944:
935:
933:
929:
920:
918:
914:
905:
903:
899:
893:
889:
884:
861:
857:
853:
848:
837:
832:
830:
825:
823:
818:
817:
815:
814:
809:
799:
798:
797:
796:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
767:
766:
759:
756:
755:
747:
746:
743:
740:
739:
732:
729:
727:
724:
723:
719:
713:
712:
705:
702:
701:
696:
690:
689:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
668:
664:
658:
657:
654:
651:
650:
647:
644:
643:
636:
633:
632:
624:
623:
620:
617:
616:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
555:
551:
545:
544:
541:
538:
537:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
442:Early history
440:
436:
433:
432:
431:
428:
427:
421:
415:
414:
410:
406:
405:
401:
397:
396:
392:
388:
387:
378:
374:
372:
368:
365:
362:
360:
356:
352:
350:
346:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
315:
312:
309:
306:
304:
301:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
238:
237:Khoekhoegowab
235:
234:
232:
228:
222:
219:
217:
214:
212:
209:
207:
204:
202:
199:
197:
194:
192:
189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
163:
161:
159:
155:
142:
134:
126:
118:
110:
102:
94:
86:
78:
70:
62:
59: English
54:
46:
45:
40:
35:
30:
27:
19:
5667:Saint Helena
5638:
5542:South Africa
5541:
5532:Sierra Leone
5337:Burkina Faso
5203:
5130:(historical)
5001:
4982:
4961:
4953:
4945:
4938:(isiNdebele)
4937:
4916:
4908:
4900:
4891:Sotho–Tswana
4820:
4618:Demographics
4566:Homelessness
4536:Architecture
4457:
4367:Trade unions
4226:Human rights
4196:Constitution
4093:Biodiversity
4031:World War II
4001:Zulu Kingdom
3925:South Africa
3878:
3833:. Retrieved
3829:
3817:
3805:. Retrieved
3801:
3789:
3777:. Retrieved
3773:
3761:
3749:. Retrieved
3745:
3733:
3721:. Retrieved
3717:
3705:
3693:. Retrieved
3689:
3677:
3665:. Retrieved
3661:
3649:
3637:. Retrieved
3633:
3621:
3609:. Retrieved
3605:
3593:
3581:. Retrieved
3577:
3565:
3551:
3539:. Retrieved
3535:
3526:
3514:. Retrieved
3510:
3501:
3485:
3465:
3458:
3446:. Retrieved
3433:
3421:. Retrieved
3411:
3399:. Retrieved
3395:
3360:
3331:
3324:
3314:
3310:
3298:. Retrieved
3294:
3284:
3270:
3256:
3011:Mvulatswinga
3008:Pulamadibogo
2993:Intshayelelo
2916:
2723:
2714:
2713:referred to
2704:
2693:
2678:
2662:Johannesburg
2651:
2625:
2621:
2530:
2515:
2484:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2147:
2142:
2137:
1787:Demographics
1778:
1770:
1707:
1703:Indian Ocean
1676:
1655:
1646:Sotho–Tswana
1639:
1616:
1529: 60–80%
1521: 40–60%
1515: 20–40%
1399: 60–80%
1391: 40–60%
1385: 20–40%
1269: 60–80%
1261: 40–60%
1255: 20–40%
1205:SheKgalagari
1150:
1089:
1086:South Africa
1083:
783:Coat of arms
549:
512:World War II
482:Zulu Kingdom
329:SheKgalagari
107: Tswana
99: Tsonga
26:
5594:recognition
5547:South Sudan
5437:Ivory Coast
5252:Angloromani
5191:LGBTQ slang
5002:(Tshivenḓa)
4722:Cape Malays
4443:Immigration
4294:Agriculture
4115:Earthquakes
3996:Cape Colony
3976:Kaditshwene
3401:4 September
3014:Manghenelo
2996:Isendlalelo
2990:Isendlalelo
2680:Angloromani
2668:, but also
2658:West Africa
2644:Francophone
1781:2011 census
1762:Jawi script
1754:Cape Muslim
1728:, in today
1509: 0–20%
1379: 0–20%
1249: 0–20%
477:Cape Colony
457:Kaditshwene
325:SiLaNgomane
123: Xhosa
91: Swazi
75: Sotho
5649:(Portugal)
5607:Somaliland
5527:Seychelles
5492:Mozambique
5477:Mauritania
5462:Madagascar
5417:The Gambia
5352:Cape Verde
5123:Portuguese
5072:Nhlangwini
5035:Indigenous
5020:Recognised
4983:(Xitsonga)
4973:Tswa–Ronga
4954:(isiXhosa)
4917:(Setswana)
4700:Afrikaners
4688:San people
4571:Literature
4518:Xenophobia
4438:Healthcare
4418:Disability
4341:(currency)
4246:Parliament
4221:Government
4206:Corruption
4041:Border War
3541:6 December
3536:www.gov.za
3516:6 December
3511:www.gov.za
3396:Ethnologue
3248:References
2999:Sendlalelo
2938:isiNdebele
2891:and other
2863:Portuguese
2809:equitably.
2773:isiNdebele
2686:minority.
2636:Mozambique
2565:Portuguese
2543:, and the
2522:Bantustans
2507:Tsotsitaal
2143:50,961,443
1994:11,750,000
1970:11,770,000
1946:13,720,000
1922:19,640,000
1917:14,000,000
1898:17,160,000
1893:10,300,000
1874:19,150,000
1869:11,000,000
1850:27,300,000
1845:15,700,000
1839:11,587,374
1695:mixed race
1672:Tsotsitaal
1627:Roodepoort
726:Television
663:Literature
522:Border War
230:Recognised
131: Zulu
67: Pedi
5482:Mauritius
5205:IsiNgqumo
5153:Religious
4962:(isiZulu)
4946:(siSwati)
4909:(Sesotho)
4867:Afrikaans
4712:Coloureds
4458:Languages
4423:Education
4372:Transport
4304:Companies
4256:President
4211:Elections
4160:Provinces
4120:Estuaries
4110:Districts
4081:Geography
4036:Apartheid
3448:27 August
2973:Tshivenda
2933:Afrikaans
2763:Afrikaans
2753:Tshivenda
2670:Cape Town
2609:Cantonese
2518:Apartheid
2491:SiNrebele
2487:KheLobedu
2228:Afrikaans
2164:Language
2090:2,490,000
2085:1,400,000
2079:1,090,223
2066:2,910,000
2061:1,700,000
2055:1,209,388
2042:3,700,000
2037:2,400,000
2031:1,297,046
2018:5,680,000
2013:3,400,000
2007:2,277,148
1989:7,900,000
1983:3,849,563
1965:7,700,000
1959:4,067,248
1941:9,100,000
1935:4,618,576
1911:4,892,623
1887:6,855,082
1883:Afrikaans
1863:8,154,258
1806:speakers
1800:speakers
1794:Language
1742:Cape Town
1734:Nusantara
1631:Afrikaans
1217:diglossia
1201:KheLobedu
1169:ǃXunthali
1161:Xirikobab
1157:!Orakobab
1126:Afrikaans
932:Afrikaans
891:Languages
852:Afrikaans
751:Monuments
704:Musicians
628:Festivals
558:Afrikaans
550:Languages
517:Apartheid
319:SeHananwa
303:KheLobedu
257:ǃXunthali
247:Xirikobab
242:!Orakobab
171:Afrikaans
5700:Category
5673: /
5669: /
5662:(France)
5656: /
5634: /
5630: /
5582:Zimbabwe
5557:Tanzania
5407:Ethiopia
5402:Eswatini
5382:Djibouti
5347:Cameroon
5332:Botswana
5232:Fanagalo
5170:Sanskrit
5113:Gujarati
4851:Official
4774:Category
4683:Khoekhoe
4561:HIV/AIDS
4483:Religion
4448:Intersex
4428:Feminism
4408:Cannabis
4357:Taxation
4261:timeline
4241:Military
4184:Politics
4170:Wildlife
4067:Military
4055:By topic
3991:Ndwandwe
3949:Timeline
3929:articles
3835:30 March
3807:30 March
3779:30 March
3751:30 March
3723:30 March
3695:30 March
3667:30 March
3639:30 March
3611:30 March
3583:30 March
3300:12 March
3196:See also
3005:Ketapele
3002:Ketapele
2984:Preamble
2978:Xitsonga
2968:Setswana
2943:isiXhosa
2903:—
2889:Sanskrit
2855:Gujarati
2778:isiXhosa
2758:Xitsonga
2743:Setswana
2666:Pretoria
2640:Portugal
2577:Bhojpuri
2557:Gujarati
2499:Fanakalo
2495:SiPhuthi
1746:Macassar
1730:Makassar
1659:Botswana
1209:XiRhonga
1181:IsiHlubi
1177:SiPhuthi
646:Religion
472:Ndwandwe
430:Timeline
391:a series
389:Part of
334:XiRhonga
322:SiThonga
313:SeKutswe
307:SePulana
272:IsiHlubi
267:SiPhuthi
158:Official
5658:Réunion
5654:Mayotte
5645:Madeira
5640:(Spain)
5636:Melilla
5567:Tunisia
5537:Somalia
5522:Senegal
5507:Nigeria
5497:Namibia
5487:Morocco
5452:Liberia
5447:Lesotho
5397:Eritrea
5367:Comoros
5342:Burundi
5317:Algeria
5096:Foreign
5052:Khoisan
4981:Tsonga
4915:Tswana
4872:English
4758:Outline
4739:Chinese
4734:Indians
4727:Griquas
4705:British
4678:Khoisan
4631:Ndebele
4551:Cuisine
4528:Culture
4498:Smoking
4473:Poverty
4396:Society
4362:Tourism
4299:Banking
4282:Economy
4130:Islands
4125:Forests
4098:Climate
4062:Economy
3937:History
3423:22 June
2963:Sesotho
2953:siSwati
2948:isiZulu
2928:English
2784:isiZulu
2768:English
2748:siSwati
2738:Sesotho
2628:Madeira
2613:Hokkien
2593:Italian
2589:Yiddish
2396:Ndebele
2312:Sesotho
2270:English
2121:828,258
2109:500,000
2103:234,655
2075:Ndebele
1907:English
1710:Batavia
1683:Western
1667:Gauteng
1663:Lesotho
1185:SiBhaca
1173:Khwedam
1138:English
1094:Ndebele
1072:
1057:
1052:Ndebele
1042:
1027:
1012:
997:
982:
977:English
967:
952:
937:
922:
907:
896:percent
856:English
771:Symbols
681:Writers
619:Cuisine
568:Ndebele
563:English
420:History
353:English
316:SeṰokwa
277:SiBhaca
262:Khwedam
166:English
5677:
5660:
5647:
5577:Zambia
5572:Uganda
5512:Rwanda
5467:Malawi
5427:Guinea
5322:Angola
5242:Scamto
5165:Hebrew
5160:Arabic
5139:Telugu
5103:German
5082:Phuthi
5000:Venda
4952:Xhosa
4944:Swazi
4779:Portal
4695:Whites
4656:Tswana
4651:Tsonga
4596:Sports
4546:Cinema
4478:Racism
4433:Health
4319:Energy
4201:Courts
4165:Rivers
3927:
3473:
3371:
3339:
2987:Aanhef
2958:Sepedi
2885:Hebrew
2881:Arabic
2867:Telugu
2847:German
2794:
2733:Sepedi
2674:Durban
2632:Angola
2605:German
2601:French
2581:Awadhi
2573:Telugu
2537:Africa
2533:Europe
2526:ethnos
2471:100.0%
2466:100.0%
2461:100.0%
2333:Tsonga
2291:Tswana
2249:Sepedi
2238:13.4%
2217:17.6%
2196:23.8%
2148:100.0%
2003:Tsonga
1955:Tswana
1826:Count
1820:Count
1814:Count
1766:Griqua
1635:Tswana
1605:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1579:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1555:
1533:
1527:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1457:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1403:
1397:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1319:
1313:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1273:
1267:
1259:
1253:
1247:
1189:SiLala
1171:, and
1165:N|uuki
1136:, and
1118:Tswana
1114:Tsonga
1007:Tsonga
962:Tswana
947:Sepedi
858:, and
731:Cinema
671:Comics
593:Tsonga
588:Tswana
540:People
393:on the
377:QWERTY
359:Signed
282:SiLala
252:N|uuki
201:Tsonga
191:Tswana
186:Sepedi
145:
137:
129:
121:
113:
105:
97:
89:
81:
73:
65:
57:
49:
5632:Ceuta
5552:Sudan
5502:Niger
5457:Libya
5442:Kenya
5422:Ghana
5412:Gabon
5387:Egypt
5327:Benin
5257:Kaaps
5215:Other
5199:Gayle
5183:Other
5134:Tamil
5128:Malay
5118:Hindi
5108:Greek
5042:Bhaca
4993:Venda
4960:Zulu
4928:Nguni
4765:Index
4666:Xhosa
4661:Venda
4646:Swazi
4641:Sotho
4581:Music
4576:Media
4513:Women
4413:Crime
4339:Rand
4135:Lakes
3954:Years
3826:(PDF)
3798:(PDF)
3770:(PDF)
3742:(PDF)
3714:(PDF)
3686:(PDF)
3658:(PDF)
3630:(PDF)
3602:(PDF)
3574:(PDF)
3442:(PDF)
3365:(PDF)
2877:; and
2871:Tamil
2859:Hindi
2851:Greek
2654:North
2597:Dutch
2569:Tamil
2561:Hindi
2553:Greek
2541:China
2511:argot
2456:Total
2445:0.5%
2430:-0.4%
2421:0.02%
2410:-0.4%
2406:1.6%
2385:2.3%
2375:Venda
2364:2.7%
2354:Swati
2343:4.4%
2322:7.9%
2301:8.2%
2284:-1.0%
2280:8.3%
2259:9.4%
2253:10.0%
2242:-2.9%
2235:13.5%
2232:10.6%
2214:16.0%
2211:16.3%
2207:Xhosa
2193:22.7%
2190:24.4%
2173:2001
2170:2011
2167:2022
2138:Total
2051:Venda
2027:Swati
1979:Sotho
1890:13.5%
1866:16.0%
1859:Xhosa
1842:22.7%
1774:SiNtu
1722:Hajji
1714:Malay
1679:Dutch
1650:Nguni
1130:Xhosa
1122:Venda
1110:Swazi
1102:Sotho
1037:Venda
1022:Swati
992:Sotho
941:12.1%
926:15.6%
917:Xhosa
911:24.7%
860:Xhosa
742:Sport
718:Media
695:Music
676:Poets
603:Xhosa
598:Venda
583:Swazi
578:Sotho
435:Years
339:Tamil
310:HiPai
211:Venda
206:Swazi
181:Xhosa
5562:Togo
5472:Mali
5362:Chad
5144:Urdu
5067:Nama
5062:Lozi
5057:Lala
5047:Khoe
4671:Zulu
4636:Pedi
4555:wine
4463:LGBT
3837:2023
3809:2023
3781:2023
3753:2023
3725:2023
3697:2023
3669:2023
3641:2023
3613:2023
3585:2023
3543:2014
3518:2014
3471:ISBN
3450:2018
3425:2015
3403:2022
3369:ISBN
3337:ISBN
3302:2018
2875:Urdu
2873:and
2827:the
2782:and
2684:Roma
2672:and
2664:and
2634:and
2603:and
2585:Urdu
2449:0.5%
2442:1.6%
2424:0.5%
2403:2.1%
2400:1.7%
2389:0.1%
2382:2.4%
2379:2.5%
2368:0.3%
2361:2.5%
2358:2.8%
2347:0.2%
2340:4.5%
2337:4.7%
2326:0.2%
2319:7.6%
2316:7.8%
2305:0.3%
2298:8.0%
2295:8.3%
2277:9.7%
2274:8.7%
2263:1.0%
2256:9.0%
2221:0.3%
2200:1.3%
2186:Zulu
2124:1.6%
2106:0.5%
2082:2.1%
2058:2.4%
2034:2.5%
2021:10%
2010:4.5%
1997:20%
1986:7.6%
1973:20%
1962:8.0%
1949:23%
1938:9.1%
1931:Pedi
1925:33%
1914:9.6%
1901:29%
1877:33%
1853:46%
1835:Zulu
1779:The
1726:Gowa
1685:and
1661:and
1633:and
1134:Zulu
1098:Pedi
1076:0.5%
1061:1.6%
1046:2.5%
1031:2.6%
986:8.4%
971:8.9%
956:9.8%
902:Zulu
778:Flag
608:Zulu
349:Main
176:Zulu
5087:Tuu
4541:Art
4231:Law
3877:."
2838:and
2611:or
2501:(a
2439:2.1
2093:4%
2069:5%
2045:6%
653:Art
5702::
3828:.
3800:.
3772:.
3744:.
3716:.
3688:.
3660:.
3632:.
3604:.
3576:.
3534:.
3509:.
3394:.
3383:^
3351:^
3293:.
2921::
2887:,
2883:,
2869:,
2865:,
2861:,
2857:,
2853:,
2849:,
2812:A
2721:.
2702:.
2676:.
2649:.
2619:.
2599:,
2591:,
2587:,
2583:,
2579:,
2575:,
2571:,
2567:,
2563:,
2559:,
2555:,
2539:,
2493:,
2489:,
2180:)
2178:pp
1804:L2
1798:L1
1732:,
1665:.
1207:,
1195:,
1191:,
1187:,
1183:,
1179:,
1167:,
1163:,
1159:,
1155:,
1132:,
1128:,
1124:,
1120:,
1116:,
1112:,
1108:,
1104:,
1100:,
1096:,
1092::
1016:4%
1001:8%
854:,
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