830:
819:
895:
3049:...The word "human" evokes the mental image of an adult -- you need to specify if you are talking about a youth. ...The field of "psychology" deals with adults; the study of young people is qualified as "developmental" psychology. ...Stairs, light switches, buses, toilets, the international symbols for "men" and "women" on bathroom doors -- are all designed with adults in mind.
2974:
Adultcentrism contributes to the ongoing difficulty which agencies experience in incorporating into their modus operandi the practice of routine consultation with children about decisions that affect their lives—even after training and policy development about children's rights and participation has
2988:
adultcentrism has been said to "lead researchers to underestimate children's abilities." According to one researcher, "This stance can be seen when researchers assume they know everything they need to know about children because they have been children." Research has also shown this leads adults to
2961:
and world view—can create a hurdle to overcome. Rather than allowing the adult to simply share their view, adultcentrism acknowledges the powerlessness and inability of young people to actually affect the systems of authority adults have created. This creates barriers to effective practice with
3029:
From this notion "education leaders, teachers, school board members and reform advocates... call for the same improvements, the same tasks, and the same accountabilities that have been always called for; increased standardization, decreased student motivation, and increased teacher attrition."
1874:
2953:, adultcentrism has been recognized as the potential bias adults have in understanding and responding to children. This bias is said to extend from the difference in age between the child and the adult. The differences—including
3024:
Children, according to the pillar of adultcentrism, are seen as "the future" and are therefore not yet full human beings capable of making choices. The elderly are considered "past their prime" and are often seen as a burden on
542:
1835:
2997:
literature to describe the tendency by adults to view the world from an adult perspective and in so doing not understand or appreciate how children and young people are viewing things."
502:
2343:
1367:
3009:
512:
425:
380:
484:
1583:
2913:, including the belief that an adult perspective is inherently better (when compared to that of children). It is used to describe the conditions facing
2754:
2115:
436:
3370:
3181:
2886:
1534:
753:
1447:
861:
758:
3288:
2120:
75:
3447:
2090:
1676:
1192:
748:
99:
48:
3870:
3145:
Verhellen, E. (1994). Convention on the rights of the child: Background, motivation, strategies, main themes. Leuven/Apeldoorn: Garant.
1352:
552:
1274:
1162:
3034:
2855:
1539:
1284:
1112:
1097:
1092:
922:
3116:
1426:
1357:
1077:
58:
3357:
2879:
1896:
1167:
981:
718:
617:
2970:, which places a person's cultural and social beliefs ahead of all others. Explaining adultcentrism, one author reports,
2556:
2212:
2125:
2016:
1666:
1484:
1102:
1087:
3566:
3412:
2110:
1566:
854:
3106:
3042:
1740:
1571:
1033:
1011:
572:
557:
3697:
3038:
2509:
2338:
2232:
1671:
1561:
713:
703:
607:
532:
3841:
3631:
3440:
2872:
2085:
1578:
1322:
1117:
466:
314:
3778:
1177:
324:
279:
37:
3911:
1332:
2786:
2494:
1157:
847:
597:
2043:
1991:
912:
537:
391:
351:
3800:
3601:
3536:
2958:
2697:
2541:
1946:
1529:
1467:
527:
87:
3374:
3185:
3551:
3433:
2806:
1551:
1212:
927:
708:
612:
319:
43:
3835:
3737:
3561:
2137:
1951:
1840:
1720:
1374:
1342:
991:
917:
698:
592:
497:
191:
3896:
3830:
3820:
3662:
3485:
2403:
2291:
2132:
1901:
1825:
1648:
1603:
1457:
1337:
1312:
1242:
1172:
1048:
635:
289:
164:
63:
3531:
3500:
3017:
2702:
2682:
2536:
2526:
2484:
2100:
1941:
1790:
1785:
1755:
1750:
1693:
1628:
1613:
1546:
1519:
1504:
878:
693:
562:
446:
2966:, where one puts their personal perspectives, needs and beliefs ahead of all others, as well as
1730:
3794:
2801:
2774:
2764:
2222:
2202:
2065:
1936:
1820:
1765:
1735:
1715:
1643:
1623:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1499:
1462:
1435:
1406:
1401:
1327:
976:
966:
582:
341:
211:
53:
3246:
3825:
3773:
3747:
3126:
2769:
2729:
2662:
2551:
2499:
2418:
2167:
1931:
1830:
1805:
1800:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1710:
1658:
1618:
1524:
1494:
1384:
986:
822:
264:
3805:
3541:
3475:
3091:
2985:
2640:
2152:
2026:
1845:
1725:
1683:
1633:
1608:
1416:
1379:
1107:
961:
655:
650:
361:
299:
249:
159:
8:
3606:
3505:
3470:
3247:"What's wrong with child welfare? An examination of current practices that harm children"
3041:
identify adultcentrism as central to their analysis, as well. One such organization, the
2816:
2677:
2296:
2192:
2172:
1961:
1869:
1815:
1795:
1760:
1653:
1440:
1237:
788:
773:
587:
567:
451:
406:
309:
105:
69:
3891:
3611:
3480:
3080:
2581:
2576:
2566:
2514:
2504:
2479:
2413:
2371:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2177:
1452:
645:
547:
461:
416:
376:
196:
169:
81:
3847:
3815:
3702:
3546:
3456:
2848:
2759:
2687:
2672:
2455:
2398:
2197:
2105:
1996:
1916:
1745:
1016:
577:
386:
216:
3274:
Fine, M. (1987) "Why urban adolescents drop into and out of public high school." In
3768:
3722:
3687:
3591:
3586:
3556:
3490:
3101:
3075:
2811:
2796:
2724:
2645:
2615:
2430:
2266:
1966:
1514:
1509:
1347:
1232:
733:
522:
396:
356:
254:
154:
3289:"Chapter 2, Homelessness and Early Home Leaving: Prevention and early intervention
3906:
3783:
3752:
3707:
3596:
3416:
3319:
Mental Health
Practice with Children and Youth: A Strengths and Well-Being Model.
3206:
2826:
2734:
2630:
2571:
2423:
2408:
2388:
2353:
2060:
1971:
1906:
1688:
1638:
1411:
1257:
640:
274:
269:
221:
139:
2989:
stay within their own perspective, thus discriminating against children through
3901:
3852:
3677:
3626:
3616:
3576:
2994:
2821:
2779:
2749:
2739:
2657:
2650:
2635:
2625:
2445:
2381:
2323:
2318:
2303:
2080:
2075:
2070:
1956:
1891:
1389:
1362:
1202:
886:
834:
768:
763:
738:
602:
456:
431:
366:
294:
259:
226:
206:
3885:
3742:
3712:
3672:
3621:
3581:
3495:
3345:
Empowering
Children: Children's Rights Education as a Pathway to Citizenship.
3263:
Pediatric Issues in
Occupational Therapy: A Compendium of Leading Scholarship
3086:
3070:
3005:
2967:
2934:
2833:
2440:
2376:
2361:
2217:
2182:
2162:
2033:
1976:
1911:
1279:
1182:
723:
665:
489:
93:
3409:
3332:
Research in
Community Sociology: Supplement 1 - the Community of the Streets
3692:
3682:
3510:
3096:
2667:
2546:
2366:
2333:
2313:
2237:
2227:
2207:
2187:
1810:
1703:
1698:
1421:
1396:
1247:
1187:
1152:
1122:
778:
670:
507:
371:
346:
304:
284:
181:
149:
22:
2933:
settings; however, adultcentrism is not always based on a notion of being
3727:
3515:
3121:
3013:
2963:
2950:
2906:
2903:
2561:
2521:
2489:
2348:
2308:
2142:
2055:
2006:
1981:
1881:
1556:
1269:
1252:
1207:
1127:
728:
517:
421:
401:
336:
231:
201:
176:
3278:
G. Natriello, ed. New York: Teachers
College Press, Columbia University.
2993:. In respect to occupational therapy, "Adultcentrism has emerged in the
3857:
3732:
3717:
3636:
3571:
3111:
2843:
2838:
2719:
2714:
2610:
2586:
2435:
2328:
2286:
2242:
2050:
2038:
2011:
2001:
1921:
1296:
1291:
1262:
1197:
1038:
783:
675:
441:
2930:
2744:
2692:
2393:
1986:
1072:
798:
793:
144:
3425:
3234:
Social Work with
Children and Their Families: Pragmatic Foundations.
3657:
3065:
2990:
2954:
2938:
2914:
2709:
2531:
2450:
2095:
2021:
1926:
1886:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1142:
1137:
1082:
743:
660:
543:
International Falcon
Movement – Socialist Educational International
411:
186:
129:
829:
3788:
1147:
1043:
1023:
996:
971:
894:
803:
3306:
So What’s A Boy? Addressing Issues of
Masculinity and Schooling.
3810:
3667:
3295:
3060:
3001:
2922:
2147:
1132:
1028:
1006:
1001:
951:
331:
134:
3000:
Adultcentrism is also growing in importance in the fields of
2918:
2910:
2157:
956:
3219:
Petr, C. (1992). "Adultcentrism in practice with children,"
3154:
Petyr, C. (1992) "Adultcentrism to practice with children,"
2926:
2791:
2620:
3045:, identifies adultcentrism in society as a cause that,
513:
Community
Alliance for the Ethical Treatment of Youth
485:
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
3371:"CommonAction Consulting: Adultcentrism in Schools"
3182:"CommonAction Consulting: Adultcentrism in Schools"
3420:Washington, DC: National Youth Rights Association.
494:Americans for a Society Free from Age Restrictions
2755:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States
3883:
3167:Goode, D. (1986) "Kids, culture and innocents."
3265:American Occupational Therapy Association. p38.
2399:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting)
754:Legal status of tattooing in European countries
3304:Martino, W. and Pallotta-Chiarolli, M. (2003)
2962:children; adultcentrism is said to be akin to
1875:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups
759:Legal status of tattooing in the United States
3441:
3293:Homelessness among young people in Australia.
2880:
855:
76:History of youth rights in the United States
2091:List of people killed for being transgender
749:French petition against age of consent laws
100:Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms
3448:
3434:
2887:
2873:
862:
848:
553:National Union of Students LGBT+ Campaign
1163:Social determinants of health in poverty
503:Human Rights and Youth Rights Commission
49:Children's Online Privacy Protection Act
3276:School Dropouts: Patterns and Policies,
3884:
3871:Index of youth rights–related articles
3455:
3429:
3117:Convention on the Rights of the Child
59:Convention on the Rights of the Child
1897:Capital punishment for homosexuality
1168:Social determinants of mental health
719:Ages of consent in the United States
618:World Federation of Democratic Youth
2017:Genital modification and mutilation
13:
14:
3923:
3343:Howe, B. & Covell, K. (2005)
3107:National Youth Rights Association
3043:National Youth Rights Association
2979:
573:Students for a Democratic Society
558:National Youth Rights Association
16:Exaggerated egocentrism of adults
3410:Three types of youth liberation.
3396:Washington Youth Voice Handbook.
2510:Diversity, equity, and inclusion
2339:Law for Protection of the Nation
2233:White genocide conspiracy theory
893:
828:
817:
714:Ages of consent in South America
704:Ages of consent in North America
608:Young Communist League of Canada
533:High School Democrats of America
3842:The Teenage Liberation Handbook
3401:
3388:
3363:
3350:
3337:
3324:
3311:
3298:
3281:
3268:
3035:youth empowerment organizations
2344:MSM blood donation restrictions
2086:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory
3779:Age of criminal responsibility
3255:
3239:
3226:
3213:
3199:
3174:
3161:
3148:
3139:
2357:(as religious or racial quota)
280:Behavior modification facility
38:Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co.
1:
3317:Helton, L., Kotake, M (2004)
3133:
2944:
2787:Second-generation gender bias
2495:Constitutional colorblindness
1158:Social determinants of health
598:Youth Liberation of Ann Arbor
3347:University of Toronto Press.
3236:Oxford University Press. p13
538:Indian Youth Climate Network
352:Human rights and youth sport
7:
3801:Counterculture of the 1960s
3537:Community youth development
3169:Journal of Human Studies. 9
3053:
2698:Medical model of disability
2542:Hate speech laws by country
528:Global Youth Action Network
437:Underage drinking in the US
10:
3928:
3552:Positive youth development
3398:Olympia, WA: CommonAction.
3020:specialist reflects that,
2807:Social model of disability
1213:Discrimination against men
709:Ages of consent in Oceania
613:Young Democrats of America
44:Child Labor Deterrence Act
3866:
3836:Taking Children Seriously
3761:
3738:School-to-prison pipeline
3645:
3562:Student-centered learning
3524:
3463:
3415:February 1, 2011, at the
2138:Opposition to immigration
1007:Race / Ethnicity
699:Ages of consent in Europe
593:Youth International Party
498:Canadian Youth for Choice
192:Taking Children Seriously
3831:Subcultures of the 1950s
3821:International Youth Year
3486:Intergenerational equity
2133:Occupational segregation
1902:Compulsory sterilization
290:Children in the military
165:Intergenerational equity
88:Newsboys' strike of 1899
64:Fair Labor Standards Act
3532:Anarchistic free school
3501:Youth-adult partnership
3221:Families in Society. 73
3156:Families in Society. 73
3039:youth-led organizations
2683:Internalized oppression
2537:Fighting Discrimination
2527:Fat acceptance movement
2485:Anti-discrimination law
2111:Native American mascots
694:Ages of consent in Asia
563:One World Youth Project
447:Youth-adult partnership
3795:The Catcher in the Rye
3407:Bonnichsen, S. (n.d.)
3334:Elsevier Limited. p60.
3308:Open University Press.
3051:
3027:
3014:children's empowerment
2977:
2802:Social identity threat
2775:Reverse discrimination
2765:Racial color blindness
2223:Violence against women
2203:Sex-selective abortion
342:Emancipation of minors
212:Youth detention center
54:Kids Online Safety Act
3826:LGBT student movement
3774:Age of consent reform
3748:Youth control complex
3127:Mature minor doctrine
3047:
3022:
3018:international affairs
2972:
2770:Religious intolerance
2730:Political correctness
2552:Intersex human rights
2500:Cultural assimilation
2168:Religious persecution
1932:Disability hate crime
1699:Jewish / Antisemitism
265:Age of consent reform
3542:Democratic education
3476:Free-range parenting
3394:Fletcher, A. (2006)
3261:Royeen, C.B. (2004)
3033:A growing number of
2986:occupational therapy
2959:communication styles
2153:Political repression
1118:Anti-left handedness
1108:Anti-intellectualism
362:Juvenile delinquency
300:Compulsory education
250:Adolescent sexuality
160:Free-range parenting
3607:Youth participation
3602:Youth organizations
3506:Youth mainstreaming
3471:Evolving capacities
3356:Sánchez, T. (2006)
3010:community sociology
2678:Historical eugenics
2193:Segregation academy
2173:Religious terrorism
1962:Enemy of the people
1870:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
1358:Jehovah's Witnesses
1238:Perpetual foreigner
789:Liberation theology
774:Youth Olympic Games
588:UK Youth Parliament
583:Three O'Clock Lobby
568:Queer Youth Network
452:Youth participation
407:Minors and abortion
392:Minimum driving age
310:Corporal punishment
106:Wild in the Streets
70:Hammer v. Dagenhart
3612:Youth philanthropy
3481:Future generations
3358:Dominican Republic
3330:Cahill, S. (2001)
3081:Fear of childbirth
2582:Social integration
2577:Self-determination
2567:Racial integration
2515:Diversity training
2505:Cultural pluralism
2480:Affirmative action
2372:Racial segregation
2282:Crime of apartheid
2178:Religious violence
1663:Indigenous people
1034:Sexual orientation
835:Society portal
462:Youth unemployment
417:School leaving age
377:Legal drinking age
197:Universal suffrage
170:Future generations
82:Morse v. Frederick
3912:Children's rights
3879:
3878:
3848:Teenage rebellion
3816:Hungry generation
3703:Helicopter parent
3547:Popular education
3457:Youth empowerment
3245:Kiraly, M (n.d.)
3092:Children's rights
2937:, in contrast to
2897:
2896:
2760:Racism by country
2688:Intersectionality
2673:Heteronormativity
2456:Voter suppression
2198:Sexual harassment
1997:Forced conversion
1917:Cultural genocide
1562:African Americans
1368:post–Cold War era
1353:Eastern Orthodoxy
1103:Anti-drug addicts
1098:Anti-homelessness
1017:Scientific racism
872:
871:
578:Freechild Project
387:Legal working age
217:Youth empowerment
3919:
3769:Age of candidacy
3723:Parental respect
3688:Fear of children
3663:Age restrictions
3592:Youth leadership
3587:Youth engagement
3557:Student activism
3491:Leaving the nest
3450:
3443:
3436:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3405:
3399:
3392:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3382:
3373:. Archived from
3367:
3361:
3360:Justicia Global.
3354:
3348:
3341:
3335:
3328:
3322:
3315:
3309:
3302:
3296:
3285:
3279:
3272:
3266:
3259:
3253:
3251:Children Webmag.
3243:
3237:
3232:Petr, C. (2003)
3230:
3224:
3217:
3211:
3210:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3184:. Archived from
3178:
3172:
3165:
3159:
3152:
3146:
3143:
3102:Civic engagement
3076:Fear of children
2984:In the field of
2889:
2882:
2875:
2812:Social privilege
2797:Social exclusion
2725:Police brutality
2646:Multiculturalism
2616:Amatonormativity
2431:Social exclusion
2267:Age of candidacy
2061:Homeless dumping
1967:Ethnic cleansing
897:
874:
873:
864:
857:
850:
833:
832:
821:
820:
769:Students' rights
734:Direct democracy
523:Future Coalition
397:Marriageable age
357:In loco parentis
255:Age of candidacy
155:Fear of children
19:
18:
3927:
3926:
3922:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3916:
3897:Age and society
3882:
3881:
3880:
3875:
3862:
3784:Beat Generation
3757:
3753:Youth exclusion
3708:Infantilization
3678:Eleutherophobia
3641:
3597:Youth-led media
3520:
3459:
3454:
3424:
3417:Wayback Machine
3406:
3402:
3393:
3389:
3380:
3378:
3369:
3368:
3364:
3355:
3351:
3342:
3338:
3329:
3325:
3321:Hayworth Press.
3316:
3312:
3303:
3299:
3286:
3282:
3273:
3269:
3260:
3256:
3244:
3240:
3231:
3227:
3218:
3214:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3191:
3189:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3166:
3162:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3131:
3056:
2982:
2947:
2893:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2860:
2735:Polyculturalism
2631:Civil liberties
2603:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2572:Reappropriation
2472:
2471:Countermeasures
2464:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2389:Racial steering
2355:Numerus clausus
2259:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2247:
1972:Ethnic conflict
1907:Corrective rape
1862:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1487:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1427:minority Muslim
1315:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1193:HIV/AIDS stigma
1065:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1002:Mental disorder
944:
936:
935:
934:
933:
932:
905:
868:
839:
827:
818:
809:
808:
689:
681:
680:
656:Koroknay-Palicz
631:
623:
622:
480:
472:
471:
275:Age of marriage
270:Age of majority
245:
237:
236:
222:Youth exclusion
140:Criminalization
120:
119:Theory/concepts
112:
111:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3925:
3915:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3873:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3853:UK underground
3850:
3845:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3765:
3763:
3762:Related topics
3759:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3627:Youth suffrage
3624:
3619:
3617:Youth politics
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3577:Youth activism
3574:
3569:
3567:Student rights
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3528:
3526:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3460:
3453:
3452:
3445:
3438:
3430:
3423:
3422:
3400:
3387:
3362:
3349:
3336:
3323:
3310:
3297:
3280:
3267:
3254:
3238:
3225:
3212:
3198:
3173:
3160:
3147:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3057:
3055:
3052:
2995:family therapy
2981:
2980:Areas of usage
2978:
2946:
2943:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2780:Reverse racism
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2750:Prisoner abuse
2747:
2742:
2740:Power distance
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2706:
2705:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2658:Ethnic penalty
2655:
2654:
2653:
2651:Neurodiversity
2648:
2638:
2636:Dehumanization
2633:
2628:
2626:Cisnormativity
2623:
2618:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2602:Related topics
2601:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2446:State religion
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2385:
2384:
2382:Nuremberg Laws
2379:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2324:Ghetto benches
2321:
2319:Gerrymandering
2316:
2311:
2306:
2304:Gender pay gap
2301:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2081:Lavender scare
2078:
2076:Kill Haole Day
2073:
2071:Indian rolling
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2036:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1957:Eliminationism
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1892:Cancel culture
1889:
1884:
1879:
1878:
1877:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1861:Manifestations
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1741:Middle Eastern
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:Zoroastrianism
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1394:
1393:
1392:
1390:Untouchability
1387:
1377:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1203:Leprosy stigma
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
948:
947:
946:
945:
942:
941:
938:
937:
931:
930:
925:
920:
915:
909:
908:
907:
906:
903:
902:
899:
898:
890:
889:
887:Discrimination
883:
882:
870:
869:
867:
866:
859:
852:
844:
841:
840:
838:
837:
825:
814:
811:
810:
807:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
764:Libertarianism
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
739:Egalitarianism
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
690:
687:
686:
683:
682:
679:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
632:
629:
628:
625:
624:
621:
620:
615:
610:
605:
603:The Youth Cafe
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
492:
487:
481:
478:
477:
474:
473:
470:
469:
464:
459:
457:Youth politics
454:
449:
444:
439:
434:
432:Status offense
429:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
374:
369:
367:Juvenile court
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
328:
327:
322:
317:
307:
302:
297:
295:Child marriage
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
260:Age of consent
257:
252:
246:
243:
242:
239:
238:
235:
234:
229:
227:Youth suffrage
224:
219:
214:
209:
207:Youth activism
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
173:
172:
162:
157:
152:
147:
142:
137:
132:
127:
121:
118:
117:
114:
113:
110:
109:
102:
97:
90:
85:
78:
73:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
33:
30:
29:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3924:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3865:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3743:Vicariousness
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3713:Intrusiveness
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3673:Control freak
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3653:Adultcentrism
3651:
3650:
3648:
3644:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3622:Youth service
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3582:Youth council
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3496:Student voice
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3451:
3446:
3444:
3439:
3437:
3432:
3431:
3428:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3391:
3377:on 2016-03-04
3376:
3372:
3366:
3359:
3353:
3346:
3340:
3333:
3327:
3320:
3314:
3307:
3301:
3294:
3290:
3284:
3277:
3271:
3264:
3258:
3252:
3248:
3242:
3235:
3229:
3222:
3216:
3208:
3207:"APA PsycNet"
3202:
3188:on 2016-03-04
3187:
3183:
3177:
3171:(1) pp83-106.
3170:
3164:
3157:
3151:
3142:
3138:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3087:Gerontophobia
3085:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3071:Fear of youth
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3050:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3006:mental health
3003:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2987:
2976:
2971:
2969:
2968:ethnocentrism
2965:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2900:Adultcentrism
2890:
2885:
2883:
2878:
2876:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2857:
2854:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2834:Social stigma
2832:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2599:
2598:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2468:
2467:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2441:State atheism
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2377:Jim Crow laws
2375:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2362:One-drop rule
2360:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2277:Blood quantum
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2218:Victimisation
2216:
2214:
2213:Trans bashing
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2183:Religious war
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2163:Racialization
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2034:Glass ceiling
2032:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1977:Ethnic hatred
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1912:Counter-jihad
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1876:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1858:
1857:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1677:United States
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
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3793:
3693:Gerontocracy
3683:Ephebiphobia
3652:
3511:Youth rights
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3379:. Retrieved
3375:the original
3365:
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3190:. Retrieved
3186:the original
3176:
3168:
3163:
3155:
3150:
3141:
3097:Youth rights
3083:(tokophobia)
3048:
3032:
3028:
3023:
2999:
2983:
2975:taken place.
2973:
2948:
2899:
2898:
2668:Gender-blind
2547:Human rights
2367:Racial quota
2354:
2334:Jewish quota
2314:Gerontocracy
2309:Gender roles
2287:Disabilities
2272:Blood purity
2238:Wife selling
2228:White flight
2208:Slut-shaming
2188:Scapegoating
2106:Murder music
1761:Palestinians
1704:Anti-Zionism
1572:South Africa
1557:Black people
1535:South Africa
1343:Christianity
1333:Baháʼí Faith
1248:Sectarianism
1188:Heterosexism
1153:Ephebiphobia
1123:Anti-Masonry
982:Hair texture
823:Youth rights
779:Youth sports
508:Common Cents
467:Youth voting
426:U.S. history
381:U.S. history
372:Juvenile law
347:Gambling age
305:Conscription
285:Child labour
182:Social class
150:Ephebiphobia
124:
104:
92:
80:
68:
36:
23:Youth rights
3728:Paternalism
3516:Youth voice
3158:(3) p. 411.
3122:Votes at 16
2964:egocentrism
2951:social work
2935:good or bad
2907:egocentrism
2904:exaggerated
2562:Nonviolence
2557:LGBT rights
2522:Empowerment
2490:Anti-racism
2404:Segregation
2349:No kid zone
2143:Persecution
2056:Hate speech
2007:Gay bashing
1982:Ethnic joke
1937:Dog whistle
1882:Blood libel
1552:Azerbaijani
1448:Neopaganism
1441:Persecution
1402:Persecution
1385:Persecution
1348:Catholicism
1328:Exclusivism
1270:Transphobia
1253:Supremacism
1208:Lesbophobia
1128:Aporophobia
1093:Anti-autism
928:Taste-based
923:Statistical
729:Anti-racism
518:DoSomething
422:Smoking age
402:Minor (law)
337:Child abuse
232:Youth voice
202:Unschooling
177:Paternalism
3886:Categories
3858:Voting age
3733:Patriarchy
3718:Narcissism
3637:Youth work
3632:Youth vote
3572:Teen court
3381:2012-10-30
3192:2012-10-30
3134:References
3112:Voting age
2945:Definition
2844:Stereotype
2839:Speciesism
2720:Oppression
2715:Oikophobia
2611:Allophilia
2587:Toleration
2436:Sodomy law
2329:Internment
2243:Witch-hunt
2121:Blackhawks
2051:Hate group
2039:Hate crime
2012:Gendercide
2002:Freak show
1992:Excellence
1952:Employment
1922:Defamation
1841:Vietnamese
1836:Venezuelan
1721:Lithuanian
1375:Falun Gong
1297:Xenophobia
1292:Vegaphobia
1275:Non-binary
1233:Pedophobia
1198:Homophobia
1012:Skin color
972:Disability
943:Attributes
918:Structural
784:Youth wing
442:Voting age
31:Activities
3892:Adulthood
3698:Grounding
3002:education
2931:community
2817:Christian
2745:Prejudice
2693:Masculism
2641:Diversity
2419:religious
2394:Redlining
1987:Ethnocide
1947:Education
1826:Ukrainian
1756:Pakistani
1746:Mongolian
1667:Australia
1649:Hungarian
1604:Colombian
1584:Bulgarian
1458:Rastafari
1407:Ahmadiyya
1313:Religious
1285:Trans men
1243:Pregnancy
1178:Gayphobia
1173:Fatphobia
1078:Acephobia
1073:Arophobia
1049:Viewpoint
799:Socialism
794:Communism
320:at school
145:Democracy
3658:Adultism
3646:Barriers
3464:Elements
3413:Archived
3066:Adultism
3054:See also
3025:society.
2991:adultism
2955:language
2939:adultism
2915:children
2856:The talk
2792:Snobbery
2710:Net bias
2532:Feminism
2451:Ugly law
2292:Catholic
2258:Policies
2101:Mortgage
2096:Lynching
2027:examples
2022:Genocide
1942:Economic
1927:Democide
1887:Bullying
1791:Scottish
1786:Romanian
1751:Nigerian
1694:Japanese
1629:Georgian
1614:Filipino
1547:Assyrian
1520:Armenian
1510:American
1505:Albanian
1485:national
1463:Yazidism
1380:Hinduism
1338:Buddhism
1228:Nepotism
1223:Misogyny
1218:Misandry
1143:Clannism
1138:Biphobia
1083:Adultism
992:Language
879:a series
877:Part of
744:Feminism
636:Fletcher
548:Mermaids
412:Restavec
187:Suffrage
130:Adultism
3811:Hippies
3806:Greaser
3789:Beatnik
3287:(1996)
2923:schools
2902:is the
2663:Figleaf
2066:Housing
1821:Turkish
1766:Pashtun
1736:Mexican
1716:Kurdish
1689:Italian
1639:Haitian
1624:Finnish
1599:Chinese
1594:Chechen
1589:Catalan
1579:Bengali
1500:African
1483:Ethnic/
1436:Judaism
1422:Sunnism
1412:Shi'ism
1323:Atheism
1148:Elitism
1039:Species
977:Genetic
967:Dialect
804:Marxism
688:Related
671:Postman
315:at home
3907:Ageism
3668:Ageism
3291:," in
3061:Ageism
3016:. One
3012:, and
2929:, and
2911:adults
2849:threat
2703:autism
2424:sexual
2414:racial
2297:Jewish
2148:Pogrom
2126:Chiefs
2116:Braves
1831:Uyghur
1806:Somali
1801:Slavic
1781:Romani
1776:Quebec
1771:Polish
1711:Korean
1672:Canada
1659:Indian
1644:Hazara
1619:Fulani
1530:France
1495:Afghan
1417:Sufism
1133:Audism
1064:Social
987:Height
641:Hanson
630:People
332:Curfew
325:in law
244:Issues
135:Ageism
3902:Youth
3525:Types
2927:homes
2919:youth
2827:white
2158:Purge
1846:Welsh
1811:Tatar
1731:Māori
1726:Malay
1684:Irish
1634:Greek
1609:Croat
1567:China
1525:Asian
1397:Islam
1258:White
997:Looks
962:Class
957:Caste
904:Forms
666:Males
646:Henry
3037:and
2917:and
2822:male
2621:Bias
2044:LGBT
1816:Thai
1796:Serb
1654:Igbo
1515:Arab
1263:Male
1044:Size
1024:Rank
676:Yaco
661:Duff
651:Holt
94:Prez
2949:In
2921:in
2909:of
2409:age
1029:Sex
952:Age
490:Akt
3888::
3249:,
3008:,
3004:,
2957:,
2941:.
2925:,
881:on
3449:e
3442:t
3435:v
3384:.
3209:.
3195:.
2888:e
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863:e
856:t
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428:)
424:(
383:)
379:(
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