110:
109:
1517:
956:
1419:
93:
1399:
1451:
1503:
944:
1740:
1162:
748:
1765:
1712:
1187:
484:
459:
1351:
63:
1441:
1389:
1427:, Minister Plenipotentiary to Peru until 1881, relations were established between the United States and the government in La Magdalena, with the former offering to act in favor of Peru in the diplomatic aftermath of the conflict in order to allow the latter to maintain its territorial integrity, as long as it was possible to pay compensation to the occupying power. By 1882, however, American mediation in the conflict turned less in favor of Peru and more in favor of Chile in the aftermath of the
1545:
971:
1379:
56:
1322:
1336:
1409:
1365:
1726:
1148:
729:, where the defending troops saw themselves victorious, and the Chilean troops were forced to retreat. The victory, however, had no effect on the general campaign. The Allies left Tarapacá, withdrawing north-west to Arica on the coast, moving through the area close to the mountains to avoid the Chilean cavalry attack. They marched during twenty days at the cost of six casualties. Therefore, despite the defeat, Chile secured
1238:, outlined a new policy in June 1881 reversing the U.S.' previous neutrality for a denial of any territorial annexation of territories. On 26 June 1881, the United States recognized President Calderón as President of Peru. Because of Calderón's refusal to accept the Chilean peace conditions, which involved the cession of Tarapacá and Arica to Chile, he was placed under arrest by the Chileans on November 6 and deported to
1878:, with the latter's success over Cáceres' troops. In the aftermath of the battle, Miguel Iglesias celebrated the Chilean victory as its own, sending a special commission to congratulate Gorostiaga on his victory. In this way, Cáceres had been minimized enough not to question his authority, while Montero left Arequipa for Bolivia to avoid the destruction of the city.
1265:—a manifesto demanding peace with Chile even at the cost of losing territory—on August 31, the same day Montero entered Arequipa. Montero refused to recognize Iglesias' manifesto, and established a parallel government that established itself in Arequipa as a provisional capital for the duration of its occupation, with the city receiving the name
733:. This occupation of the southern provinces of the country were successful in that Chile was able to carry out its plans of using them as leverage against the Peruvian government during the war, with most of the territory being awarded to Chile, while Tacna was, almost in its entirety, returned to Peru.
1344:
refrained from sending diplomats to Lima "until the uncertainty about the true representative of Peru was cleared up." After
Montero's government established itself in Arequipa, Campero's government recognized it as legitimate, and assisted the government and the Cáceres' rebel troops with armament
1816:
On
January 5, the Assembly granted President Iglesias full powers to try to make peace with Chile. The Assembly was not recognized by neither de Piérola, who had just arrived from Europe, nor Cáceres, nor Montero, nor by the Chileans, who had their doubts about the new regime. On February 9, 1883,
709:
were his communication lines, and since May, Iquique was under blockade. The liberation of
Pisagua then became his main objective. BuendĂa left Iquique on November 5, moving to Agua Santa, where his forces were to reunite. From here he marched to Porvenir, prior to moving north to join with
1283:
constitutional president of Peru, with
Montero serving as first vice president and later proclaiming Cáceres as vice president. This government would collaborate with the resistance while continuing to attempt negotiations with Chile, who recognized Iglesias' government.
1781:
Iglesias assumed command of the northern departments per
Montero's instructions, and established a "Free North Government" in Trujillo in July 1882. By then, he was convinced that the peace with Chile was the priority. On August 31, 1882, he issued his
1825:
to reinforce the command of Miguel
Iglesias in the north, convinced that with Iglesias he could sign peace according to his interests, and that Montero and GarcĂa CalderĂłn would not accept any territorial transfer.
2509:[(“Save the Homeland with the law, and forget about the people”: Political speech of the Provisional Government of Francisco GarcĂa CalderĂłn through the newspaper “El Orden”, February–November 1881)].
1790:, and authorized the start of talks with the Chilean government, also convening an Assembly, known as the Montán Assembly, in northern Peru to obtain his support, which was installed on December 25, 1882.
1890:
on
October 23, 1883, with Chilean troops retreating six days later, on October 29. The treaty unconditionally ceded Tarapacá to Chile, while the situation in Tacna and Arica—by then known in Peru as the
2158:
1223:, and also allowing him to raise and arm two infantry battalions composed of 400 men each, as well as two small cavalry squadrons in order to give more consistency to the provisional government.
1291:, discussions took place among members of the government at Arequipa. In late 1883, amid civil discontent at the news of the imminent occupation by Chilean troops, Montero left Arequipa for
2507:""Salvad la patria con la ley, y olvidáos de las personas": Discurso polĂtico del gobierno provisorio de Francisco GarcĂa CalderĂłn a travĂ©s del diario "El Orden", febrero-noviembre de 1881"
2083:
As the earlier discussion of the geography of the
Atacama region illustrates, control of the sea lanes along the coast would be absolutely vital to the success of a land campaign there
1359:, which had been denounced by Chile in 1879, as Costa Rica had declared itself neutral, but was only proven in 1881, leading to a diplomatic incident between both states.
1299:, he put Cáceres in charge of the powerless government, who did not exercise power in the end, later recognizing the Treaty of Ancón. After this action, Montero left for
585:, that served as the representative government of Peru in order to negotiate the end of the war. After GarcĂa CalderĂłn's refusal to agree to the territorial transfer of
2392:
2331:
2648:
701:
proved successful for the
Chilean troops, who quickly occupied the town and set it as their base from which to continue the invasion up north. Peruvian General
1355:
Costa Rica recognized and established relations with the
Magdalena-based government. Before the occupation of Lima, Costa Rica had sent weapons to the port of
801:
Reports of Chilean destruction and looting resulted in a meeting between the different observing powers, concluding that such an event would not be allowed in
1908:
and the reconstruction of the ruined country. Miguel Iglesias' government continued to function as the constitutional government of Peru. During this period,
1867:. Prior to the conflict, Peru's opposition to such an action had contributed to tense relations with Chile, with a diplomatic crisis having occurred in 1868.
2694:
875:, who established three armies to counter the Chilean invasion in the north, center and south of the country. Of these armies, only the second, headed by
1793:
By law of December 30, the so-called Montán Assembly established the Executive Power with a responsible chief who would preside over it with the name of
1834:
2154:"El problema de los estados mediterráneos o sin litoral en el derecho internacional marĂtimo. Un estudio de caso: El diferendo Bolivia-PerĂş-Chile"
1516:
955:
714:. The Chilean advance had proven successful, however, as Peruvian troops and Chilean troops soon saw themselves fighting on November 19, in the
2812:
2718:
1931:
between the two countries regarding Tacna and Arica was reached in 1929, with most of Tacna returning to Peru, and Arica being ceded to Chile.
2830:
2794:
2776:
2758:
2740:
2248:. Travaux de l'IFEA (in Spanish). Institut français d’études andines, DESCO. Centro de Estudios y Promocion des Desarrollo. pp. 81–133.
1345:
bought from Europe and the United States. After Montero's government collapsed, Bolivia recognized Iglesias' government on December 3, 1883.
774:
taking place among the Peruvian coast. By early 1881, fighting had reached the outskirts of the capital, and after the Chilean success at
1467:
in 1882, recognising his credentials and allowing him to work in the country until his duties as minister plenipotentiary ended in 1884.
92:
2373:
1797:
and an equally responsible ministry. On January 1, 1883, the Assembly appointed Iglesias Regenerator President, formally starting the
721:
As a result of the aforementioned battle, both sides had taken heavy casualties, and the Peruvian troops had soon retreated to nearby
2617:
1464:
671:
1848:" battalion to organize their troops and then march north to overthrow the Iglesias government. By May 3, 1883, the basis of the
821:, the observing powers would have used their military power in the form of a bombardment of the city against the occupying army.
688:
2468:
2336:
1905:
1502:
943:
624:
on October 23, 1883, with Chilean troops retreating on October 29. However, Chilean forces continued to occupy and administer
2476:
2253:
2060:
2026:
1341:
2402:
1277:), which appeared on passports issued at the time. Montero's government ratified GarcĂa CalderĂłn, by then in Chile, as the
891:, managed to organize themselves properly, with de Piérola's army being better organized than Cáceres' improvised army and
2138:
847:, with some of its equipment captured from Peruvian troops, as well as civilians. Chilean troops coming from Peru entered
2506:
1917:
1675:
2874:
1916:
by this point, opposed Iglesias and received more popular support than Iglesias' government, eventually leading to the
1428:
2657:
2864:
2576:
2427:
2359:
2280:
2209:
2193:
1758:
829:
814:
775:
1257:, refusing to accept the Chilean terms for a peace treaty. Before Montero's departure from Cajamarca, he appointed
1860:
1852:
was already agreed between Patricio Lynch and Miguel Iglesias, who signed this initial agreement from Cajamarca.
1745:
1167:
868:
464:
2530:[The Participation of the Peruvian Diplomatic Mission in Costa Rica During the War with Chile (1879)].
1950:
1900:
1212:
1044:
867:
to serve as the nominal representative of the Peruvian state. This government's legitimacy was disputed by the
863:
In absence of a Peruvian President who was willing to accept their peace terms, the Chilean Army established a
795:
582:
477:
298:
848:
350:
1544:
970:
650:
was officially declared between Peru and Chile, starting military confrontations between both states. Due to
705:, who was in command of the Allied Southern Army at Tarapacá, was left in a difficult position. Pisagua and
586:
543:
146:
2869:
2679:
55:
1945:
1909:
1312:
998:
876:
566:
227:
2094:
730:
2602:
2568:
1581:
1025:
981:
658:
by the occupying Chilean forces and consequent loss of access to the Pacific Ocean, on March 26, 1879,
274:
2419:
La laguna de los villanos. Bolivia, Arequipa y Lizardo Montero en la Guerra del PacĂfico (1881 - 1883)
1940:
844:
2316:
1924:
2528:"La participación de la misión diplomática peruana en Costa Rica durante la guerra con Chile (1879)"
2242:
Manrique, Nelson (1988). "III. Señores e Indios: Guerra y postguerra en el Sur Andino (1879–1895)".
2118:
2593:
2153:
852:
837:
751:
1456:
1327:
1536:
872:
791:
787:
715:
2462:
2859:
1243:
625:
2397:
2293:
1822:
263:
2854:
1970:
1928:
1295:
to avoid its destruction, with the city being occupied shortly after. By the time he reached
1235:
629:
547:
183:
142:
98:
2595:
The influence of domestic politics on America's chilean policy during the war of the pacific
1246:, who had been appointed as vicepresident, succeeding him as provisional president of Peru.
726:
2699:
2527:
1875:
1871:
1522:
1424:
1288:
1220:
833:
818:
779:
747:
697:
began on the early hours of November 2, 1879. A maritime bombing and subsequent landing at
2630:
694:
527:
399:
8:
1864:
1856:
1839:
1459:
condemned the Chilean invasion and recognized the Ayacucho-based government. He received
216:
617:), which would be recognized as the successor of GarcĂa CalderĂłn's government by Chile.
783:
771:
742:
655:
641:
559:
531:
198:
157:
2450:(in Spanish) (7th ed.). Lima: Editorial Universitaria. pp. 262–269, 278–279.
1887:
1849:
621:
412:
179:
2674:
2572:
2472:
2423:
2355:
2276:
2249:
2189:
2056:
2022:
1787:
1595:
1445:
Switzerland recognized and established relations with the Magdalena-based government.
1432:
1383:
El Salvador recognized and established relations with the Magdalena-based government.
825:
810:
590:
2332:"30/08/08: La Guerra del PacĂfico: la campaña de Lima y la resistencia en la sierra"
1786:
demanding peace, even at the cost of territorial concessions. He proclaimed himself
786:
began in January 1881, with Chilean troops occupying the capital and establishing a
2726:
2704:
1806:
1588:
1403:
Nicaragua recognized and established relations with the Magdalena-based government.
1270:
988:
923:
759:
663:
610:
574:
519:
220:
62:
35:
1393:
Honduras recognized and established relations with the Magdalena-based government.
711:
659:
2562:
2545:
2417:
2050:
2016:
1987:
1652:
1614:
1460:
1413:
Uruguay recognized and established relations with the Magdalena-based government.
1258:
1231:
1227:
1056:
892:
824:
Despite a relatively peaceful administration in comparison to the destruction in
594:
593:, he was exiled to Chile along with his wife, where he was pressured again until
322:
310:
168:
164:
131:
702:
251:
2102:
2018:
The Ten Cents War, Chile, Peru and Bolivia in the War of the Pacific, 1879–1884
1863:
on June 12, ending the state of war that existed between both states since the
1818:
698:
551:
374:
138:
2177:
2848:
2443:
2185:
1418:
1296:
763:
539:
69:
2550:(in Spanish) (7th ed.). Archivo de la Casa Amarilla. 2000. p. 430.
1239:
836:, the city of Lima was looted by Chilean forces, such as in the case of the
2626:
2374:"Orgullo Characato: el pasaporte de la RepĂşblica Independiente de Arequipa"
1584:
1508:
1370:
1300:
1249:
Montero initially established his government in Cajamarca, later moving to
1216:
1204:
984:
864:
806:
667:
647:
535:
172:
150:
79:
2243:
1821:, head of the occupation forces, received an order from Chilean President
1855:
During this period, Spanish diplomats were sent to Lima, where Chile and
1440:
1378:
1373:
recognized and established relations with the Magdalena-based government.
632:
between the two countries regarding Tacna and Arica was reached in 1929.
362:
160:
was under the absolute control of the administration of the Chilean Army.
2055:. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press. p. 102 and ff.
840:. After the occupation, Chile diverted part of its war efforts to crush
722:
565:
During the occupation, a collaborationist government was established in
2123:
1350:
178:
Tarapacá, Tacna and Arica would remain occupied until the treaties of
1311:
The international community did not recognize the government based in
725:. The Chilean advance continued, however, and fighting resumed in the
1555:
1450:
1398:
1321:
1004:
896:
602:
204:
1388:
1254:
1016:
888:
2021:. Westport, Connecticut, London: Praeger Publishers. p. 57.
1895:—was to be determined by a plebiscite, which never came to pass.
1408:
1364:
1335:
1279:
841:
794:, while the collaborationist government was headquartered in the
706:
651:
2139:"Du Petit-Thouars, un Français qui a marqué l'histoire du Pérou"
2675:"TRATADO DE PAZ I AMISTAD ENTRE LA REPĂšBLICA DE CHILE I ESPAĂ‘A"
2511:
1356:
1250:
1010:
2354:, Praegers Publishers, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881,
2275:, Praegers Publishers, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881,
1830:
884:
880:
666:
to any ships willing to fight for Bolivia. Despite this, the
502:
231:
149:
were under the absolute control of the administration of the
2564:
The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas
2393:"Arequipa y la leyenda "negra" durante la guerra con Chile"
1561:
1292:
802:
767:
555:
506:
278:
137:
From November 2, 1879 onwards, the Peruvian territories of
123:
2210:"OcupaciĂłn de la AraucanĂa: Ăšltimas campañas de ocupaciĂłn"
2052:
Andean Tragedy: Fighting the War of the Pacific, 1879–1884
674:
against Peru, which guaranteed her control over the seas.
2245:
YAWAR MAYU: Sociedades terratenientes serranas, 1879-1910
1969:
Location of the Chilean administration (1881–83) and the
163:
The maritime space and the Peruvian islands such as the
2267:
2265:
2067:...to anyone willing to sail under Bolivia's colors ...
1886:
The occupation came to an end after the signing of the
620:
The occupation came to an end after the signing of the
526:) began on November 2, 1879, with the beginning of the
2300:(in Spanish). Lima: Editorial Lumen. pp. 294–295.
2151:
2262:
1330:
declared that Argentina would "abstain from acting."
2464:
Las relaciones entre el Perú y Alemania (1828–2003)
1261:as Military Chief of the North, who proclaimed the
883:, and the third, headed by de Piérola himself from
2831:"Chile Wins Verdict In Old Dispute Over Provinces"
542:and occupied the southern Peruvian territories of
601:, and the establishment of his new government in
171:islands remained under the administration of the
2846:
809:destroyed and looted the city as it had done in
554:. By January 1881, the Chilean army had reached
126:and the south was nominally administered by the
2759:"COOLIDGE PUTS CHILE-PERU DISPUTE UP TO VOTERS"
2650:Unas lĂneas más en torno a la gloria de Cáceres
2615:
2422:(in Spanish). Lima: Fondo Editorial PUCP-IFEA.
2415:
1803:Regenerator Government of the Peruvian Republic
2390:
2329:
2310:
2292:
1874:took place between Andrés Avelino Cáceres and
2448:Historia de la República del Perú (1822–1933)
2170:
2008:
1483:
1203:On 22 February 1881, the Chileans allowed an
915:
27:
2525:
2182:Historia del pueblo mapuche: Siglos XIX y XX
1811:Gobierno Regenerador de la RepĂşblica Peruana
2504:
2371:
2313:Pueblo Libre: historia, cultura y tradiciĂłn
2202:
2152:Velázquez Elizararrás, Juan Carlos (2007),
1226:At that time, the U.S. Secretary of State,
871:. The movement itself was mainly headed by
333:Commander in Chief of the Occupation Forces
2119:"Profiles: Abel Bergasse du Petit Thouars"
1543:
969:
558:, and on January 17 of the same year, the
108:
2159:Anuario Mexicano de Derecho Internacional
1904:, where the country had to deal with the
1234:of British capital in the United States'
2526:Abanto Chani, Julio CĂ©sar (2020-03-19).
2500:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2391:Huanca Urrutia, Elizabeth (2014-01-26).
2330:Orrego Penagos, Juan Luis (2008-08-30).
2241:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
1881:
746:
2687:
2560:
2547:BoletĂn del Archivo de la Casa Amarilla
2538:
2442:
2116:
689:Land campaign of the War of the Pacific
16:Military occupation of Peru (1879–1883)
2847:
2719:"PERU AND CHILE CONTROVERSY EXPLAINED"
2711:
2591:
2176:
2078:
2014:
1829:On March 31, 1883, Cáceres arrived in
1795:Regenerative President of the Republic
1215:as president, allowing him to fly the
758:After the success in Tarapacá and the
2485:
2460:
2454:
2372:Cruz Torres, Cristhian (2019-08-23).
2311:Puente Candamo, JosĂ© AgustĂn (2008).
2226:
2048:
2646:
2365:
2298:Nuevo Compendio de Historia del PerĂş
2131:
1306:
2467:(in Spanish) (1st ed.). Lima:
1898:Peru entered a period known as the
1423:After contact was established with
1287:After the defeat of Cáceres at the
1275:RepĂşblica Independiente de Arequipa
156:From January 17, 1881 onwards, the
13:
2619:Patricio Lynch marino y gobernante
2505:LĂłpez Chang, Aramis (2019-11-16).
1844:to Huaraz along with the 250-man "
1639:
14:
2886:
2110:
1974:
1717:
2695:"DISPUTE SETTLED AFTER 50 YEARS"
2616:Larenas Quijada, Victor (1992).
2416:Parodi Revoredo, Daniel (2001).
1763:
1738:
1724:
1710:
1515:
1501:
1449:
1439:
1417:
1407:
1397:
1387:
1377:
1363:
1349:
1334:
1320:
1267:Independent Republic of Arequipa
1185:
1160:
1146:
954:
942:
682:
482:
457:
91:
61:
54:
2823:
2805:
2787:
2769:
2751:
2733:
2667:
2640:
2609:
2585:
2554:
2532:National Archives of Costa Rica
2519:
2436:
2409:
2384:
2344:
2323:
2304:
2286:
2117:Tamariz, Domingo (2018-01-14).
1941:Chilean occupation of AraucanĂa
1918:Peruvian Civil War of 1884–1885
1113:• Montero leaves Arequipa
902:
853:the last major Mapuche uprising
2145:
2087:
2072:
2042:
1991:
1980:
1963:
1951:Peruvian occupation of Ecuador
1253:in June 1882, and leaving for
1180:
1101:
754:during the occupation in 1881.
127:
1:
2001:
858:
677:
635:
2680:Library of Congress of Chile
2656:(in Spanish). Archived from
1471:
1465:his country's representative
1315:, with very few exceptions.
851:where they in 1881 defeated
7:
2777:"CHILEANS WIN PERU DISPUTE"
1992:collaborationist government
1946:Bolivian occupation of Peru
1934:
1927:was ceded to Peru, while a
865:collaborationist government
128:collaborationist government
10:
2891:
2603:University of Saskatchewan
2569:Cambridge University Press
2561:Trigger, Bruce G. (1996).
2049:Sater, William F. (2007).
1801:, officially known as the
1799:Miguel Iglesias government
740:
686:
639:
571:Government of La Magdalena
538:successfully defeated the
524:OcupaciĂłn chilena del PerĂş
516:Chilean occupation of Peru
424:• Chilean withdrawal
80:Peruvian puppet government
2875:Military history of Chile
2317:Universidad Alas Peruanas
2015:Farcau, Bruce W. (2000).
1689:
1685:
1672:
1662:
1649:
1636:
1632:
1624:
1620:
1608:
1604:
1594:
1577:
1569:
1551:
1542:
1531:
1497:
1492:
1478:
1342:Bolivian Foreign Ministry
1232:inadmissible intervention
1213:Francisco GarcĂa CalderĂłn
1211:outside of Lima to elect
1125:
1121:
1111:
1098:
1088:
1078:
1074:
1066:
1062:
1050:
1045:Francisco GarcĂa CalderĂłn
1038:
1034:
1024:
994:
977:
968:
938:
933:
909:
770:began in late 1880, with
670:carried out a successful
583:Francisco GarcĂa CalderĂłn
498:
436:
432:
422:
409:
396:
392:
384:
380:
368:
356:
344:
340:
332:
328:
316:
304:
299:Francisco GarcĂa CalderĂłn
292:
288:
273:
269:
257:
245:
241:
226:
212:
194:
122:The territory outside of
107:
50:
45:
21:
2865:Military history of Peru
2741:"TACNA-ARICA PLESBICITE"
2647:Vega, Juan José (2007).
2095:"THE BATTLE OF TARAPACA"
1956:
1230:, who saw the war as an
895:'s non-existent army in
838:National Library of Peru
762:in the north of Peru, a
579:Gobierno de La Magdalena
2781:The Evening Independent
1923:In 1925, the contested
1912:, who was known as the
1901:National Reconstruction
1718:La Magdalena Government
1664:• Treaty of Ancón
1570:Official languages
1537:National Anthem of Peru
1463:Guillermo L. Pareja as
845:resistance in the south
796:Palacio de la Magdalena
788:military administration
736:
716:Battle of San Francisco
2592:Zorbas, Jason (2004).
2461:Novak, Fabián (2004).
2362:, Chapter 11, page 176
2283:, Chapter 11, page 173
1910:Andrés Avelino Cáceres
1870:On July 10, 1883, the
1810:
1484:
1274:
1244:Lizardo Montero Flores
1181:Regenerator Government
1102:Regenerator Government
916:
755:
614:
607:Regenerator Government
578:
523:
28:
2813:"Peruanos y Chilenos"
1882:End of the occupation
1457:Antonio Guzmán Blanco
1455:Venezuelan president
1090:• Cry of Montán
790:headquartered in the
750:
2835:The Telegraph-Herald
2799:The Spokesman-Review
2795:"PERU WANTS HEARING"
2700:The Montreal Gazette
2571:. pp. 645–646.
2469:Fondo Editorial PUCP
2294:Tamayo Herrera, José
2188:. pp. 282–283.
2184:(Seventh ed.).
1876:Alejandro Gorostiaga
1872:battle of Huamachuco
1582:Partially recognised
1425:Isaac P. Christiancy
1289:Battle of Huamachuco
982:Partially recognised
646:On April 5, 1879, a
628:until 1925, while a
615:Gobierno Regenerador
2870:Military occupation
1906:consequences of war
1865:Chincha Islands War
1823:Domingo Santa MarĂa
1746:Resistance movement
1676:Iglesias overthrown
1326:Argentine diplomat
1236:sphere of influence
1168:Resistance movement
1080:• Established
869:Peruvian resistance
772:amphibious landings
264:Domingo Santa MarĂa
217:Military occupation
2745:The Sunday Tribune
1732:Chilean occupation
1371:Kingdom of Denmark
1303:and later Europe.
1154:Chilean occupation
873:Nicolás de Piérola
784:occupation of Lima
756:
743:Occupation of Lima
727:Battle of Tarapacá
656:Litoral Department
642:War of the Pacific
560:occupation of Lima
532:War of the Pacific
158:department of Lima
70:Chilean occupation
2723:The Gazette Times
2478:978-9972-42-634-6
2352:The ten Cents War
2350:Bruce W. Farcau,
2273:The ten Cents War
2271:Bruce W. Farcau,
2255:978-2-8218-4512-1
2062:978-0-8032-4334-7
2028:978-0-275-96925-7
1925:Tarata Department
1893:captive provinces
1833:and sent Colonel
1779:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1759:Peruvian Republic
1751:
1750:
1610:• 1882–1885
1485:RepĂşblica Peruana
1480:Peruvian Republic
1433:James A. Garfield
1307:Foreign relations
1201:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1173:
1172:
1052:• 1881–1883
917:RepĂşblica Peruana
911:Peruvian Republic
877:Andrés A. Cáceres
792:Government Palace
752:Government Palace
731:Tarapacá Province
695:Tarapacá campaign
664:letters of marque
662:formally offered
528:Tarapacá campaign
512:
511:
494:
493:
490:
489:
470:
469:
400:Tarapacá campaign
370:• 1881–1883
351:Cornelio Saavedra
318:• 1883–1885
306:• 1881–1883
259:• 1881–1883
247:• 1879–1881
29:RepĂşblica Peruana
23:Peruvian Republic
2882:
2839:
2838:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2817:Diario del Hogar
2809:
2803:
2802:
2791:
2785:
2784:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2727:Associated Press
2715:
2709:
2708:
2705:Associated Press
2691:
2685:
2684:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2655:
2644:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2629:. Archived from
2624:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2600:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2502:
2483:
2482:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2440:
2434:
2433:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2401:. Archived from
2388:
2382:
2381:
2369:
2363:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2327:
2321:
2320:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2290:
2284:
2269:
2260:
2259:
2239:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2220:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2114:
2108:
2107:
2099:
2091:
2085:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2012:
1995:
1984:
1978:
1971:collaborationist
1967:
1843:
1835:Isaac Recavarren
1784:Montán Manifesto
1767:
1766:
1755:
1754:
1742:
1741:
1728:
1727:
1714:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1691:
1690:
1681:December 3, 1885
1668:October 20, 1883
1547:
1519:
1505:
1487:
1476:
1475:
1454:
1453:
1444:
1443:
1422:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1402:
1401:
1392:
1391:
1382:
1381:
1368:
1367:
1354:
1353:
1339:
1338:
1325:
1324:
1189:
1188:
1177:
1176:
1164:
1163:
1150:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1127:
1126:
1084:22 February 1881
973:
958:
946:
928:
927:
919:
907:
906:
805:proper. Had the
760:Lynch Expedition
591:Arica, and Tacna
486:
485:
474:
473:
461:
460:
454:
453:
438:
437:
112:
95:
65:
58:
40:
39:
31:
19:
18:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2757:
2756:
2752:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2707:. Feb 22, 1929.
2693:
2692:
2688:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2660:
2653:
2645:
2641:
2633:
2622:
2614:
2610:
2598:
2590:
2586:
2579:
2559:
2555:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2524:
2520:
2503:
2486:
2479:
2459:
2455:
2441:
2437:
2430:
2414:
2410:
2389:
2385:
2370:
2366:
2349:
2345:
2328:
2324:
2309:
2305:
2291:
2287:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2240:
2227:
2218:
2216:
2214:Memoria chilena
2208:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2175:
2171:
2150:
2146:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2115:
2111:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2077:
2073:
2063:
2047:
2043:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2013:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1988:Miguel Iglesias
1985:
1981:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1937:
1929:final agreement
1888:Treaty of AncĂłn
1884:
1850:Treaty of AncĂłn
1837:
1764:
1739:
1725:
1711:
1678:
1665:
1655:
1645:August 31, 1882
1642:
1615:Miguel Iglesias
1611:
1564:
1560:
1558:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1461:frigate captain
1448:
1438:
1416:
1406:
1396:
1386:
1376:
1362:
1348:
1333:
1328:José E. Uriburu
1319:
1309:
1259:Miguel Iglesias
1228:James G. Blaine
1186:
1161:
1147:
1117:27 October 1883
1114:
1104:
1091:
1081:
1057:Lizardo Montero
1053:
1041:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1001:
964:
963:
962:
959:
951:
950:
947:
929:
921:
914:
912:
905:
893:Lizardo Montero
861:
745:
739:
691:
685:
680:
654:'s loss of its
644:
638:
630:final agreement
622:Treaty of AncĂłn
605:, known as the
595:Lizardo Montero
569:, known as the
505:
483:
458:
428:29 October 1883
425:
418:23 October 1883
415:
413:Treaty of AncĂłn
405:2 November 1879
402:
371:
359:
347:
323:Miguel Iglesias
319:
311:Lizardo Montero
307:
295:
260:
248:
207:
203:
201:
190:
189:
169:Lobos de Tierra
165:Lobos de Afuera
132:Miguel Iglesias
119:
118:
103:
102:
101:
96:
88:
87:
77:
66:
59:
41:
33:
26:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2888:
2878:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2841:
2840:
2822:
2819:. 27 Apr 1907.
2804:
2786:
2768:
2750:
2732:
2729:. 26 Jan 1919.
2710:
2686:
2666:
2663:on 2009-12-15.
2639:
2636:on 2005-05-08.
2627:Revista Marina
2625:(in Spanish).
2608:
2584:
2577:
2553:
2537:
2518:
2515:(58): 245–274.
2484:
2477:
2471:. p. 68.
2453:
2444:Basadre, Jorge
2435:
2428:
2408:
2405:on 2016-08-15.
2383:
2364:
2343:
2322:
2315:(in Spanish).
2303:
2285:
2261:
2254:
2225:
2201:
2194:
2169:
2144:
2130:
2109:
2103:New York Times
2086:
2081:, p. 65:
2071:
2061:
2041:
2027:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1979:
1973:government in
1961:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1936:
1933:
1883:
1880:
1819:Patricio Lynch
1777:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1761:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1735:
1734:
1729:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1653:Breña campaign
1650:
1647:
1646:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1592:
1591:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1567:
1566:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1540:
1539:
1529:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1513:
1507:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1482:
1479:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1446:
1436:
1414:
1404:
1394:
1384:
1374:
1360:
1346:
1331:
1308:
1305:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1183:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:1 January 1883
1105:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1094:31 August 1882
1092:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1064:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1022:
1021:
996:
992:
991:
979:
975:
974:
966:
965:
960:
953:
952:
948:
941:
940:
939:
936:
935:
931:
930:
913:
910:
904:
901:
879:and based in
860:
857:
741:Main article:
738:
735:
687:Main article:
684:
681:
679:
676:
672:naval campaign
640:Main article:
637:
634:
510:
509:
500:
496:
495:
492:
491:
488:
487:
480:
471:
468:
467:
462:
450:
449:
444:
434:
433:
430:
429:
426:
423:
420:
419:
416:
410:
407:
406:
403:
397:
394:
393:
390:
389:
386:
382:
381:
378:
377:
375:Patricio Lynch
372:
369:
366:
365:
360:
357:
354:
353:
348:
345:
342:
341:
338:
337:
334:
330:
329:
326:
325:
320:
317:
314:
313:
308:
305:
302:
301:
296:
293:
290:
289:
286:
285:
282:
271:
270:
267:
266:
261:
258:
255:
254:
249:
246:
243:
242:
239:
238:
235:
224:
223:
214:
210:
209:
196:
192:
191:
188:
187:
176:
161:
154:
135:
116:
115:
114:
113:
105:
104:
97:
90:
89:
67:
60:
53:
52:
51:
48:
47:
43:
42:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2887:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2860:1881 in Chile
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2837:. 9 Mar 1925.
2836:
2832:
2826:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2801:. 3 Feb 1919.
2800:
2796:
2790:
2783:. 9 Mar 1925.
2782:
2778:
2772:
2765:. 9 Mar 1925.
2764:
2763:Reading Eagle
2760:
2754:
2747:. 9 Mar 1925.
2746:
2742:
2736:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2690:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2670:
2659:
2652:
2651:
2643:
2632:
2628:
2621:
2620:
2612:
2604:
2597:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2578:9780521630764
2574:
2570:
2566:
2565:
2557:
2549:
2548:
2541:
2533:
2529:
2522:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2480:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2457:
2449:
2445:
2439:
2431:
2429:9972-42-388-3
2425:
2421:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2387:
2379:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2360:0-275-96925-8
2357:
2353:
2347:
2339:
2338:
2333:
2326:
2318:
2314:
2307:
2299:
2295:
2289:
2282:
2281:0-275-96925-8
2278:
2274:
2268:
2266:
2257:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2197:
2195:956-282-232-X
2191:
2187:
2186:LOM Ediciones
2183:
2179:
2173:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2148:
2141:. 2021-05-14.
2140:
2134:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2113:
2106:. 1879-01-09.
2105:
2104:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2045:
2030:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2011:
2007:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1962:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1914:Hero of Breña
1911:
1907:
1903:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1889:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1789:
1788:Supreme Chief
1785:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1677:
1671:
1667:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1640:Cry of Montán
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1510:
1504:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1477:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1434:
1431:of President
1430:
1429:assassination
1426:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1337:
1332:
1329:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1297:Lake Titicaca
1294:
1290:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1263:Cry of Montán
1260:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1217:Peruvian flag
1214:
1210:
1206:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1018:
1012:
1006:
1000:
997:
993:
990:
986:
983:
980:
976:
972:
967:
957:
945:
937:
932:
925:
918:
908:
900:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
856:
854:
850:
846:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
822:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
799:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
753:
749:
744:
734:
732:
728:
724:
719:
717:
713:
712:HilariĂłn Daza
708:
704:
700:
696:
690:
683:Southern Peru
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
660:HilariĂłn Daza
657:
653:
649:
643:
633:
631:
627:
623:
618:
616:
612:
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599:Cry of Montán
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584:
581:), headed by
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549:
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541:
540:Peruvian Army
537:
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499:Today part of
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2855:1881 in Peru
2834:
2825:
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2807:
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2789:
2780:
2771:
2762:
2753:
2744:
2735:
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2698:
2689:
2678:
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2658:the original
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2631:the original
2618:
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2594:
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2546:
2540:
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2403:the original
2398:La RepĂşblica
2396:
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2346:
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2312:
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2244:
2217:, retrieved
2213:
2204:
2181:
2178:Bengoa, José
2172:
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2157:
2147:
2133:
2122:
2112:
2101:
2089:
2082:
2074:
2066:
2051:
2044:
2032:. Retrieved
2017:
2010:
1986:Location of
1982:
1975:La Magdalena
1965:
1922:
1913:
1899:
1897:
1892:
1885:
1869:
1861:peace treaty
1854:
1845:
1828:
1815:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1792:
1783:
1780:
1731:
1700:Succeeded by
1699:
1694:
1585:client state
1532:
1523:Coat of arms
1313:La Magdalena
1310:
1301:Buenos Aires
1286:
1278:
1266:
1262:
1248:
1225:
1221:coat of arms
1208:
1205:open cabildo
1202:
1153:
1136:Succeeded by
1135:
1130:
1040:• 1881
999:La Magdalena
985:client state
961:Coat of arms
903:La Magdalena
862:
823:
807:Chilean army
800:
757:
720:
703:Juan BuendĂa
692:
668:Chilean navy
648:state of war
645:
619:
606:
598:
570:
567:La Magdalena
564:
536:Chilean Army
515:
513:
447:Succeeded by
446:
441:
358:• 1881
346:• 1881
294:• 1881
252:AnĂbal Pinto
173:Chilean Navy
151:Chilean Army
117:Peru in 1881
99:Coat of arms
83:
73:
2079:Farcau 2000
2034:January 17,
1838: [
1695:Preceded by
1565:(1884–1885)
1559:(1882–1884)
1131:Preceded by
1020:(1882–1883)
530:during the
442:Preceded by
363:Pedro Lagos
208:(1881–1884)
202:(1881–1883)
182:(1883) and
2849:Categories
2166:: 1379–430
2124:El Peruano
2002:References
1578:Government
1240:ValparaĂso
887:and later
859:Government
834:Miraflores
830:Chorrillos
819:Miraflores
815:Chorrillos
780:Miraflores
776:Chorrillos
678:Occupation
636:Background
213:Government
2337:Blog PUCP
1859:signed a
1658:1881–1884
1596:President
1556:Cajamarca
1493:1882–1885
1472:Cajamarca
1026:President
1005:Cajamarca
934:1881–1883
897:Cajamarca
849:AraucanĂa
603:Cajamarca
275:President
228:President
205:Cajamarca
46:1879–1883
2446:(1983).
2296:(1985).
2219:June 30,
2180:(2000).
1935:See also
1255:Arequipa
1209:notables
1017:Arequipa
889:Ayacucho
826:Barranco
811:Barranco
766:to take
764:campaign
723:Tarapacá
587:Tarapacá
544:Tarapacá
147:Tarapacá
78:Bottom:
74:de facto
2378:El BĂşho
1977:(1881).
1807:Spanish
1674:•
1651:•
1638:•
1625:History
1573:Spanish
1552:Capital
1533:Anthem:
1280:de jure
1271:Spanish
1242:, with
1100:•
1067:History
995:Capital
924:Spanish
842:Mapuche
707:Iquique
699:Pisagua
652:Bolivia
611:Spanish
575:Spanish
562:began.
520:Spanish
411:•
398:•
385:History
195:Capital
186:(1929).
84:de jure
36:Spanish
2575:
2512:SciELO
2475:
2426:
2358:
2279:
2252:
2192:
2059:
2025:
1846:Pucará
1628:
1600:
1535:
1357:Callao
1251:Huaraz
1070:
1030:
1014:(1881)
1011:Huaraz
1008:(1881)
1002:(1881)
978:Status
920:
782:, the
626:Tarata
534:. The
388:
336:
284:
237:
32:
2661:(PDF)
2654:(PDF)
2634:(PDF)
2623:(PDF)
2599:(PDF)
2098:(PDF)
1957:Notes
1857:Spain
1842:]
1831:Canta
1589:Chile
989:Chile
885:Jauja
881:Jauja
552:Tacna
548:Arica
503:Chile
232:Chile
221:Chile
180:AncĂłn
143:Arica
139:Tacna
68:Top:
2573:ISBN
2473:ISBN
2424:ISBN
2356:ISBN
2277:ISBN
2250:ISBN
2221:2013
2190:ISBN
2057:ISBN
2036:2010
2023:ISBN
1562:Lima
1509:Flag
1369:The
1340:The
1293:Puno
1219:and
949:Flag
832:and
817:and
803:Lima
778:and
768:Lima
737:Lima
693:The
556:Lima
550:and
514:The
507:Peru
478:Peru
465:Peru
279:Peru
277:(of
230:(of
199:Lima
184:Lima
167:and
145:and
124:Lima
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