1294:, the end. Rifle bullets flew in every direction and bombs exploded everywhere. Colonel Astete, prefect of Callao, brought sailors and soldiers from that port, it was unknown for what purpose. It surely was not to fight, since he allowed his people to get drunk and disband themselves while armed. This happened around 7 p.m. In this way he added new fuels to the bonfire of communism and new actors who took part in the carnival of vice and crime that had already begun and that spread terror in Lima and Callao until the next morning, when foreigners of all nationalities went out to meet them and revealed their strength and their purpose to not let the scandals continue.
1399:
69:
297:
272:
1111:
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55:
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1,500 soldiers from Callao, but he was unsuccessful in his decision and at four in the afternoon on Sunday the
Peruvian soldiers began looting and looting the city The soldiers mainly pursued the poor Chinese, many of whom they killed, as well as some Italian grocers The fires continued during the night and the firemen had to fight with the soldiers to be able to extinguish them, dying some of them, one Englishman and some Italians.
1282:
warehouses in various parts of the city were opened and looted; the number and fury of the mutineers increased because there was no one who could contain them. In the afternoon, all the
Chinese warehouses on Malambo Street had been emptied, and many of their owners had paid with their lives for the intention of defending their properties. Theft was the motive for so much crime;
1052:
Valleys. The
Chinese also fought alongside the Chileans in the battles of San Juan–Chorrillos and Miraflores, and there was also rioting and looting by non-Chinese workers in the coastal cities. As Heraclio Bonilla has observed; oligarchs soon came to fear the popular clashes more than the Chileans, and this was an important reason why they sued for peace.
1234:, the observing powers would have used their military power in the form of a bombardment of the city against the occupying army. In the meetings held at the Chilean barracks in Miraflores to carry out the military occupation of the Peruvian capital, General Manuel Baquedano met with representatives of the diplomatic corps and with Admirals
1130:, who had been captured by Baquedano, to talk with Piérola to avoid more bloodshed. For the armistice, the ships of Callao and the disarmament of the forts were requested. Piérola replied that he would only negotiate with duly authorized ministers. After that answer, Baquedano ordered to prepare the continuation of the battle for the 15th.
1305:
Saturday night passed tolerably quiet; On Sunday the storm was brewing and, during the day, General Astete tried to make a revolution in view of the fact that
General Suárez wanted to give in to the conditions of the Chileans, while the first of those named was about to continue the fight. He brought
1133:
However, Vergara's attempt was closely followed by the diplomatic corps of Lima, whose dean by seniority was the consul of
Argentina and Bolivia, Jorge Tezanos-Pinto y Sánchez de Bustamante (1821-1897). The diplomats first spoke with the Peruvian representatives and then requested an appointment with
1281:
From very early on it was understood that the liquor was producing its effects, and that the fact that the mob was armed could be the cause of disturbances. Nothing was done to imprison these men and all authority was gone. Despite this, no one imagined what happened next. Around noon the houses and
1352:
This looting would have occurred as a reaction to the support that a group of
Chinese coolies gave to the Chilean forces. A rumor spread that coolie spies in Lima had provided information to the Chileans, indicating the convenient routes for the capture of the city; however, the latter has not been
1276:
arrived in Lima from the port, accompanied by more than 1000 soldiers. Astete left the
Peruvian capital while his soldiers plundered and plundered the city. On the night of the same day, the crime reached its highest intensity. This fact has been related by several witnesses, with small variations:
1188:
at 4 a.m. it was noticed in that port that a fire was declared in all the enemy ships sheltered in the dock and moments later, a series of explosions began to be felt that lasted all day and part of the next, produced by the fire of the powder magazines of the forts the charges of gunpowder and
1051:
saw the
Chilean army as "liberators", in a very controversial decision by which they are mostly deemed as traitors by many of their own countrymen in Peru; in Pacasmayo 600 to 800 Chinese forced labourers looted the sugar estates and this scene was repeated in the Chicama, Lambayeque and Cañete
1242:
Admiral
Stirling and I hoped to produce some pressure on the Chileans without making threats and I think we have been well successful Lima came to be saved from almost certain destruction on the part of the Chileans after the two battles lost by Piérola — this city was peacefully occupied by
1328:
In the city, there were both the dissolved rearguard from Callao and the
Peruvian soldiers retreating from Miraflores, who committed assassinations and looting mainly against Chinese coolies, in revenge for their cooperation with the Chilean Army and perceived betrayal as a result of their
1668:
Because in Peru there was no legislation in this regard, a banking debauchery arose in which each bank issued its own banknotes, accepted by high commerce and tax offices. The supreme decree of August 11, 1875 ordered that, as of 1876, only the banknotes of the Associated Banks would be
1849:
Guerra del Pacífico, recopilación completa de todos los documentos oficiales, correspondencias y demás publicaciones referente a la guerra que han dado a la luz la prensa de Chile, Perú y Bolivia, conteniendo documentos inéditos de importancia por Pascual Ahumada
1134:
Baquedano, who agreed for a meeting the following day. Negotiations were unsuccessful, as Peruvian troops opened fire on Chilean troops after misunderstanding their advance for a troop reconnaissance between both parties as an attack, resuming the fighting.
1957:
Guerra del Pacífico. Recopilación completa de todos los documentos oficiales, correspondencias y demás publicaciones referentes a la guerra que ha dado a luz la prensa de Chile, Perú y Bolivia, conteniendo documentos inéditos de
1198:
Prior to the occupation of Lima there were fires and sackings by inebriated Chilean soldiers in the towns of Chorrillos, Barranco and Miraflores, and even killings among themselves; as quoted by both Peruvian historians like
1584:
after the triumph at Lima showed Chile to be in a position of power. Thus, the Argentine plans to negotiate with a weakened and troubled Chile were partly forgone with Chile's display of military power in Peru.
2172:
988:
With little effective Peruvian central government remaining, Chile pursued an ambitious campaign throughout Peru, especially along the coast and in the central highlands, penetrating as far north as
807:
669:
1491:
was appointed Director of the National Library after the occupation he found that only 378 of its 56,000 books were left. In November 2007, the Chilean government returned 3,778 books to the
1210:
Reports of Chilean destruction and looting resulted in a meeting on between the neutral powers, who, concerned about the protection of neutral individuals, signed a resolution called the
1260:
in order to agree on the entry of the Chilean army to the Peruvian capital. Baquedano requested that Torrico first disarm the batteries of the "Ciudadela Piérola", located on the top of
728:
841:
790:
480:
696:
1559:
After the occupation of Lima was accomplished Chilean newspapers published extremely patriotic, chauvinist and expansionistic material. An extreme example of this journalism is
800:
711:
611:
384:
545:
1349:; at the end of the war, there were between 4,000 and 5,000 Chinese dead. The attacks also took place against Chinese merchants who refused to accept Peruvian banknotes.
824:
770:
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706:
290:
836:
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555:
334:
2005:
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819:
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into a barracks, raided medical schools and other institutions of education, and carried away a series of monuments and artwork that had adorned the city.
765:
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760:
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2168:"El problema de los estados mediterráneos o sin litoral en el derecho internacional marítimo. Un estudio de caso: El diferendo Bolivia-Perú-Chile"
2389:
1580:
While Argentina had taken advantage of Chile's conflict to push for a favorable boundary in Patagonia, Chilean diplomacy only agreed to sign the
1521:
and San Pablo, forcing Colonel Estanislao del Canto's division to return to Lima in 1882. However, Caceres was conclusively defeated by Colonel
1991:
2254:"Relaciones de dependencia entre trabajadores y empresas chilenas situadas en el extranjero. San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina (1895-1920)"
969:
The troops were of natives who had been recruited in the mountain ranges and forced to fight, hundreds of them never had seen before a city.
2301:
1148:
327:
2256:[Dependence Relationships between Workers and Chilean Companies located abroad. San Car-los de Bariloche, Argentina (1895-1920)].
1898:
1708:
1480:
1483:. On the way to Chile, various texts from the library were lost to private collectors to make space for the, more important, Chilean
1360:
To stop these excesses and prevent others, Mayor Torrico handed over arms to the Dársena dock fire chief, Mr. Champeaux, to form an
1321:
Upon his return to Lima from Chorrillos, Mayor Rufino Torrico encountered the excesses committed by dispersed Peruvians against the
2432:
1157:, ordered the destruction of the coastal batteries and the ships of the Peruvian squad. The prefect and commander of the batteries
1043:, and the Chinese were prone to trusting a man who could speak to them in their own language and whom they felt a connection with.
931:
360:
2692:
2488:
1529:
on July 10, 1883. After this battle, there was little further resistance. Finally, on 20 October 1883, Peru and Chile signed the
866:
471:
320:
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3123:
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1249:
1235:
2718:
2660:
68:
2702:
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in Lima and transported thousands of books (including many centuries-old original Spanish, Peruvian and Colonial books) to
919:
Chilean troops had decades before the War of the Pacific occupied Lima from January to October 1839. The occupation led by
1884:
1511:), who would later be elected president of Peru. Under his leadership, the Peruvian militia forces heightened with Indian
1459:, the Botanical Gardens, the School of Mining, and the School of Medicine. The Chilean army plundered the contents of the
1098:
revolted and even joined the Chilean Army. Even in the 20th century, memory of Chinese support for Chile was so deep that
2092:
1353:
proven. When the Peruvian reserve army took up its post in Miraflores, Lima was left without a garrison, since even the
2015:
1261:
899:
were occupied on January 13 of the same year while the town of Miraflores was captured on the 16 of January, after the
3188:
2567:
2228:
2212:
1809:
1448:
1227:
978:
636:
438:
2294:
1799:
455:
1533:, by which Peru's Tarapacá province was ceded to the victor; on its part, Bolivia was forced to cede Antofagasta.
1177:, were beached, set on fire and sunk by the Peruvians themselves to prevent them from falling into Chilean hands.
973:
On the other hand, the strategic line of Miraflores was defended by more troops than civilians. Nevertheless, the
965:
and by a vast number of civilians in the line of San Juan–Chorrillos. The American engineer Paul Boyton narrated:
950:. The Chilean troops disembarked in the Peruvian towns of Pisco and Chilca, located to the south of Lima. General
277:
2881:
416:
2825:
1428:
During the occupation of Lima, Chilean military authorities pillaged Peruvian public buildings, turned the old
3057:
3027:
1549:
1411:
171:
3158:
2572:
1455:, the School of Engineers, the School of Art, the National Military School, the State Printing facility, the
1204:
631:
3067:
2912:
1181:
3183:
423:
1256:
Under the protection of the consuls and foreign admirals, talks began between General Baquedano and Mayor
1119:
1090:"collaborationists" in the central Sierra – majority of them were of ethnic Chinese, while indigenous and
3163:
2770:
2394:
2287:
1785:
1725:
406:
112:
3007:
1456:
1433:
2587:
1079:
935:
924:
654:
85:
2830:
2613:
1545:
1518:
1102:, once dictator of Peru, issued a ban against Chinese immigration as a punishment for their betrayal.
923:
was carried out to stabilize the new regime that had emerged in Peru following the dissolution of the
775:
2922:
1460:
888:
1920:
1864:
735:
676:
3092:
2551:
2526:
2167:
1553:
1492:
1429:
538:
521:
411:
73:
2541:
1398:
1342:
903:; finally the city of Lima was taken and held from January 17, 1881, until October 23, 1883, when
560:
3062:
3002:
2937:
2917:
2790:
2723:
2510:
1503:
The Peruvian resistance continued for three more years. The leader of the resistance was General
1020:
526:
2655:
2033:
1123:
1016:, escaping from the harsh conditions in their own homeland and seeking a better future in Peru.
492:
2795:
2461:
2379:
1640:
884:
394:
379:
3102:
3097:
3077:
143:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3128:
2952:
2775:
2760:
2665:
2536:
1746:
1154:
450:
2962:
2835:
2505:
1744:[The presence of the Restoring Army in Peru (1837-1839), a historiographic vacuum].
1357:
was sent to the front, which would have left an open field for such excesses to take place.
1273:
1158:
1008:
As the war progressed in Chile's advantage, the Chilean Army liberated thousands of Chinese
531:
3037:
3032:
2972:
2947:
2634:
2577:
1526:
1522:
1517:
inflicted several painful blows upon the Chilean army in small battles such as Marcavalle,
1467:. The Chilean Army recorded sending a total of 103 large crates and another 80 parcels, to
1231:
1162:
982:
900:
814:
641:
626:
570:
3022:
2987:
2733:
2500:
2495:
1565:
that wrote that firearms obtained in Peru, while useless in the hands of Peruvian "fags" (
686:
509:
487:
8:
2942:
2815:
2765:
2439:
1627:
1504:
1475:, at the University of Chile. In August 1881, an inventory was published under the title
1346:
1330:
908:
892:
497:
369:
2800:
2618:
2075:
1325:
and their businesses, information that he communicated to the foreign diplomatic corps.
1167:
1023:
served as helpers with the Chilean army and even formed a regiment under the command of
399:
3087:
2907:
2785:
2310:
1985:
1908:
1594:
1472:
1452:
1354:
1173:
1071:
870:
502:
462:
344:
209:
2650:
1599:
1530:
1099:
992:, seeking to eliminate any source of resistance against the new occupation authority.
235:
2478:
2466:
2456:
2451:
2208:
1805:
1742:"La presencia del Ejército restaurador en Perú (1837-1839), un vacío historiográfico"
1464:
1378:
1366:
1223:
1048:
896:
565:
516:
433:
389:
374:
3042:
2060:
1760:
662:
3052:
2932:
2927:
2876:
2861:
2840:
2597:
1755:
1679:
1652:
1566:
1447:, Chilean troops began to occupy several important cultural centers including: the
1407:
1372:
1153:
After the battles of Chorrillos and Miraflores, the Secretary of the Navy, Captain
951:
592:
105:
35:
2977:
2871:
2145:
3133:
3012:
2866:
2820:
2546:
2531:
1419:
1334:
1127:
1059:
From chattel slaves to wage slaves: dynamics of labour bargaining in the Americas
1032:
985:, razing the towns, and allowing for an easy occupation of the Peruvian capital.
904:
580:
575:
3082:
2805:
1418:
were left to govern the city; on May 17, 1881, the Chilean government appointed
1110:
131:
54:
16:
1881-83 Chilean military occupation of Lima, Peru, during the War of the Pacific
3017:
2992:
2957:
2856:
2780:
2697:
1468:
1422:
1257:
1087:
1024:
195:
2196:
1942:
Historia de la República del Perú (1822-1933): La guerra con Chile (1879-1883)
1078:
and Chinese became increasingly tenser in the aftermath. After the war, armed
3152:
3107:
2967:
2902:
2886:
2204:
1975:
1937:
1619:
1541:
After the occupation of Lima Chile diverted part of its war efforts to crush
1488:
1200:
962:
955:
920:
880:
599:
222:
1000:
2810:
2010:
1900:
The humiliation of Peru - The battles which preceded the occupation of Lima
1709:"Orgullo Characato: el pasaporte de la República Independiente de Arequipa"
1219:
1040:
1036:
974:
862:
1726:
The humiliation of Peru; The battles which preceded the occupation of Lima
1311:
British citizen Robert Ramsay Sturrock, on a letter dated 18 January 1881.
1165:
were in charge of this task. The Peruvian ships, among them, the corvette
3072:
2997:
2982:
1415:
1341:
against Chinese coolies continued during the following months in Callao,
183:
947:
3047:
1869:
1647:
for the duration of its occupation, with the latter receiving the name
1622:), as well as its surroundings, including other urban centers, such as
1513:
1338:
1094:
Peruvians murdered Chinese shopkeepers in Lima; in response to Chinese
2279:
2053:"Medalla de las Señoras de Lima a la Guardia Urbana Extranjera, 1881"
1774:
Taylor, Lewis. Indigenous Peasant Rebellions in Peru during the 1880s
1287:
1075:
989:
312:
1783:
Bonilla, Heraclio. 1978. The National and Colonial Problem in Peru.
1425:
as commander of the army of operations and political chief of Peru.
2041:(in Spanish). Sociedad Imprenta y Litografía Universo. p. 740.
1644:
1440:
1083:
1643:
issued a Supreme decree that transferred the capital from Lima to
1390:
decorated the members of the guard with a medal on the same year.
2336:
1574:
1542:
1386:
restored order in the Peruvian capital and, for this action, the
1322:
1091:
1009:
2661:
Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1904 between Chile and Bolivia
1885:"Du Petit-Thouars, un Français qui a marqué l'histoire du Pérou"
1264:, to avoid fighting between Peruvians and Chileans in the city.
1623:
1618:
The military administration was composed of Lima proper (today
1484:
1283:
1142:
1095:
1189:
dynamite with which the enemy tried to explode their cannons.
2352:
1291:
1067:
943:
939:
2331:
1852:. Vol. IV. Destrucción de la Escuadra Peruana, p. 478.
1444:
1364:
made up of foreign firefighters belonging to the companies
1215:
876:
95:
2229:"Ocupación de la Araucanía: Últimas campañas de ocupación"
2115:
1797:
1004:
Chorrillos, and the consequences of the war. January 1881
1801:
Dragons in the Land of the Condor: Writing Tusán in Peru
961:
Lima was going to be defended at first by the remaining
1798:
López-Calvo, Ignacio; Chang-Rodríguez, Eugenio (2014).
1393:
1118:
On January 14, the Chilean minister of war in campaign
1214:, concluding that such events would not be allowed in
1031:
since he spoke Cantonese, which he had learned during
2165:
2116:
Bulnes, Gonzalo; Pinochet De La Barra, Oscar (2001).
2120:. Santiago de Chile: Andrés Bello. pp. 203–210.
2593:
Boundary treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina
2423:
Expulsion of Chileans from Bolivia and Peru in 1879
1659:), which appeared on passports issued at the time.
1573:), would be useful by Chileans to "kill indians" (
1316:
1137:
2400:Boundary Treaty of 1874 between Chile and Bolivia
2385:Boundary Treaty of 1866 between Chile and Bolivia
2258:Trashumante: Revista Americana de Historia Social
1267:
3150:
2191:
2189:
2187:
1739:
1272:On Sunday afternoon the 16th, Prefect of Callao
1222:destroyed and looted the city as it had done in
2251:
2035:Guerra del Pacífico. vol. 2: De Tarapacá a Lima
1735:
1733:
954:was in control of the army of Chile during the
1954:
995:
891:. As the invading army advanced, the towns of
2295:
2184:
2090:
1402:Chilean Regiment "1° de Línea" entering Lima.
328:
27:
2201:Historia del pueblo mapuche: Siglos XIX y XX
1730:
1684:Sociedad Unión Patriótica De Señoras De Lima
1149:Scuttling of the Peruvian fleet in El Callao
1143:Scuttling of the Peruvian fleet in El Callao
2390:Treaty of Defensive Alliance (Bolivia–Peru)
2221:
2166:Velázquez Elizararrás, Juan Carlos (2007),
2143:
1706:
1678:Patriotic Union of Ladies of Lima Society (
1329:participation against Peru, such as in the
1012:who had agreed to come to work in Peruvian
154:Commander in Chief of the Occupation Forces
2302:
2288:
1990:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1865:"Profiles: Abel Bergasse du Petit Thouars"
1834:Historia de la Marina del Perú: 1821 -1924
1548:. Chilean troops coming from Peru entered
1333:. The attacks and murders at the hands of
335:
321:
67:
2173:Anuario Mexicano de Derecho Internacional
2077:Historia De La Campaña De Lima, 1880-1881
1969:
1967:
1759:
1481:Official Journal of the Republic of Chile
2433:Naval campaign of the War of the Pacific
2073:
1973:
1397:
1109:
1105:
999:
977:saw itself successful in the battles of
883:and crowds of civilians in the lines of
2693:Torpedo boats in the War of the Pacific
2489:Land campaign of the War of the Pacific
1936:
1862:
1836:. Lima: Talleres Gráficos de la Marina.
1193:
3151:
2729:Consequences of the War of the Pacific
2309:
2195:
2028:
1964:
1777:
1250:Abel-Nicolas Bergasse du Petit-Thouars
342:
2283:
1932:
1930:
1877:
1831:
1768:
1707:Cruz Torres, Cristhian (2019-08-23).
316:
2703:Strategies of the War of the Pacific
1960:. Valparaíso: Imprenta del Progreso.
1394:Events During the Occupation of Lima
879:was defended by the remnants of the
1846:
1657:República Independiente de Arequipa
13:
2074:Mackenna, Benjamín Vicuña (1881).
1927:
1856:
1740:Serrano del Pozo, Gonzalo (2021).
1536:
14:
3200:
2719:Chilean–Peruvian maritime dispute
2568:Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos
2146:"Chile returns looted Peru books"
2118:Resumen De La Guerra Del Pacífico
865:in 1881-1883 was an event in the
1974:Sturrock, Robert Ramsay (1881).
1955:Moreno P., Ahumada (1886–1891).
1649:Independent Republic of Arequipa
295:
270:
53:
2252:Muñoz Sougarret, Jorge (2014).
2245:
2159:
2137:
2124:
2109:
2084:
2067:
2045:
2022:
1998:
1948:
1891:
1863:Tamariz, Domingo (2018-01-14).
1840:
1804:. University of Arizona Press.
1761:10.4067/S0719-12432021000100095
1672:
1662:
1639:In 1882, provisional president
1554:the last major Mapuche uprising
1477:List of books brought from Peru
1317:Looting and lawlessness in Lima
1138:Preparations for the occupation
1066:Due to the Chinese support for
481:Loa Line and Altiplano campaign
2080:. Santiago de Chile: R. Jover.
1825:
1791:
1719:
1700:
1633:
1612:
1268:Luis Astete's entrance to Lima
1:
3124:Abel-Nicolas du Petit-Thouars
1693:
1498:
1432:and the recently inaugurated
1082:peasants sacked and occupied
914:
2882:Pedro José Domingo de Guerra
1552:where they in 1881 defeated
1451:, the College of Guadalupe,
1406:After the return of General
1203:and Chilean historians like
1114:War aftermath in Chorrillos.
7:
3028:Cornelio Saavedra Rodríguez
2395:Peruvian Saltpeter Monopoly
1588:
1184:noted in a long testimony:
996:Chinese–Chilean cooperation
10:
3205:
3068:Galvarino Riveros Cárdenas
2913:José Luis Araneda Carrasco
2588:Chilean occupation of Peru
2573:Chorrillos order of battle
2144:Dan Collyns (2007-11-07).
1182:Galvarino Riveros Cárdenas
1146:
1126:in the company of Colonel
934:along the coasts of Peru,
925:Peru-Bolivia Confederation
655:Chilean occupation of Peru
3116:
2895:
2849:
2826:Francisco García Calderón
2753:
2746:
2711:
2685:
2678:
2643:
2627:
2606:
2560:
2519:
2408:
2372:
2365:
2345:
2324:
2317:
1821:– via Google Books.
1461:Peruvian National Library
1236:Bergasse du Petit Thouars
1027:, whom the Chinese named
354:
249:
245:
232:
219:
215:
205:
201:
189:
177:
165:
161:
153:
149:
137:
125:
121:
111:
101:
91:
81:
66:
50:
45:
21:
3189:Looting in South America
3008:Eleuterio Ramírez Molina
2552:Order of Battle at Tacna
2527:Tacna and Arica campaign
2132:Lima: a Cultural History
1605:
1493:National Library of Peru
1449:University of San Marcos
1434:Palacio de la Exposición
1430:University of San Marcos
1205:Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna
907:regained control of the
539:Tacna and Arica campaign
3063:Juan Williams Rebolledo
3003:Pedro Julio Quintavalla
2938:Marcos Segundo Maturana
2831:Leoncio Prado Gutiérrez
2724:Puna de Atacama dispute
2614:Battle of La Concepción
2511:Battle of San Francisco
2097:Encyclopædia Britannica
2006:"El Bloqueo de Iquique"
1977:Letter by Robert Ramsay
1582:Boundary Treaty of 1881
1546:resistance in the south
930:In January 1881, Chile
637:San Juan and Chorrillos
3058:José Velásquez Bórquez
2796:Lizardo Montero Flores
2771:Andrés Avelino Cáceres
2462:Battle of Punta Gruesa
2380:Atacama border dispute
2091:Hugh Chisholm (1911).
1944:. Lima: Universitaria.
1832:Vegas, Manuel (1929).
1683:
1656:
1570:
1403:
1388:Ladies of Lima Society
1314:
1302:
1254:
1212:Memorandum of Tallenay
1191:
1120:José Francisco Vergara
1115:
1064:
1005:
971:
28:
2953:Ignacio Carrera Pinto
2776:Mariano Ignacio Prado
2761:Miguel Grau Seminario
2666:Treaty of Lima (1929)
2542:Battle of Los Ángeles
2537:Bombardment of Callao
1747:Cuadernos de historia
1401:
1303:
1279:
1240:
1186:
1180:Chilean Rear Admiral
1155:Manuel Villar Olivera
1113:
1106:Armistice of San Juan
1045:
1039:as an officer in the
1003:
967:
801:Crossing of the Andes
102:Common languages
3159:19th century in Lima
3038:Robert Souper Howard
3033:Roberto Silva Renard
2973:Alejandro Gorostiaga
2948:Estanislao del Canto
2656:Treaty of Valparaíso
2635:Battle of Huamachuco
2578:Battle of Miraflores
2207:. pp. 282–283.
2203:(Seventh ed.).
1847:Riveros, Galvarino.
1523:Alejandro Gorostiaga
1509:Warlock of the Andes
1194:Foreign intervention
1163:Manuel Villavicencio
1074:, relations between
979:San Juan, Chorrillos
901:Battle of Miraflores
3184:Military occupation
3103:Diego Dublé Almeyda
3093:Ramón Allende Padín
3078:Domingo Santa María
3073:Jorge Montt Álvarez
2943:Manuel Bulnes Pinto
2816:Juan Guillermo More
2766:Francisco Bolognesi
2440:Blockade of Iquique
2057:Guerra del Pacífico
1410:to Chile, Generals
1331:Blockade of Iquique
1238:and J.M. Stirling.
1122:sent his secretary
909:Peruvian government
867:land campaign phase
682:Letelier Expedition
144:Domingo Santa María
86:Military occupation
3164:War of the Pacific
3088:Alberto Blest Gana
2963:Luis Cruz Martínez
2918:Luis Gómez Carreño
2908:Juan de Dios Aldea
2836:Luis Germán Astete
2791:Nicolás de Piérola
2786:Mariano Bustamante
2583:Occupation of Lima
2506:Battle of Tarapacá
2311:War of the Pacific
1595:War of the Pacific
1473:Diego Barros Arana
1453:Colegio San Carlos
1404:
1379:Británica Victoria
1274:Luis Germán Astete
1262:San Cristóbal Hill
1159:Luis Germán Astete
1116:
1072:War of the Pacific
1006:
932:controlled the sea
871:War of the Pacific
859:occupation of Lima
831:Arequipa-Puno Line
346:War of the Pacific
210:War of the Pacific
23:Occupation of Lima
3146:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3023:Óscar Viel y Toro
2988:Juan José Latorre
2742:
2741:
2734:Charaña agreement
2674:
2673:
2501:Tarapacá campaign
2496:Battle of Topater
2479:Battle of Pisagua
2467:Battle of Angamos
2457:Battle of Iquique
2452:Battle of Chipana
2361:
2360:
1465:Santiago de Chile
1457:Exposition Palace
1412:Cornelio Saavedra
1124:Isidoro Errázuriz
938:the provinces of
854:
853:
849:
848:
510:Tarapacá campaign
311:
310:
307:
306:
303:
302:
283:
282:
191:• 1881–1883
172:Cornelio Saavedra
139:• 1881–1886
127:• 1876–1881
74:Government Palace
29:Ocupación de Lima
3196:
3129:Roque Sáenz Peña
3053:Gregorio Urrutia
2933:Orozimbo Barbosa
2928:Manuel Baquedano
2877:Mariano Baptista
2862:Ladislao Cabrera
2841:Emilio Cavenecia
2801:Melitón Carvajal
2751:
2750:
2683:
2682:
2619:Battle of Pucará
2598:Battle of Sangra
2370:
2369:
2322:
2321:
2304:
2297:
2290:
2281:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2249:
2243:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2225:
2219:
2218:
2193:
2182:
2181:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2141:
2135:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2059:. Archived from
2049:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2014:. Archived from
2002:
1996:
1995:
1989:
1981:
1971:
1962:
1961:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1934:
1925:
1924:
1918:
1914:
1912:
1904:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1860:
1854:
1853:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1829:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1795:
1789:
1786:Past and Present
1781:
1775:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1737:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1704:
1687:
1676:
1670:
1666:
1660:
1637:
1631:
1616:
1408:Manuel Baquedano
1312:
1300:
1252:
1218:proper. Had the
1171:and the monitor
1161:and the captain
1086:of landed elite
1062:
952:Manuel Baquedano
632:Rinconada de Ate
593:Lynch Expedition
357:
356:
349:
347:
337:
330:
323:
314:
313:
299:
298:
287:
286:
274:
273:
267:
266:
251:
250:
71:
57:
40:
39:
31:
19:
18:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3138:
3134:Otto von Moltke
3112:
3013:Enrique Simpson
2891:
2867:Narciso Campero
2845:
2821:Miguel Iglesias
2738:
2707:
2670:
2651:Treaty of Ancón
2639:
2623:
2602:
2556:
2547:Battle of Tacna
2532:Battle of Arica
2515:
2429:Naval Maneuvers
2404:
2357:
2341:
2313:
2308:
2278:
2277:
2267:
2265:
2250:
2246:
2237:
2235:
2233:Memoria chilena
2227:
2226:
2222:
2215:
2194:
2185:
2164:
2160:
2151:
2149:
2142:
2138:
2129:
2125:
2114:
2110:
2101:
2099:
2089:
2085:
2072:
2068:
2051:
2050:
2046:
2038:
2030:Bulnes, Gonzalo
2027:
2023:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1983:
1982:
1972:
1965:
1953:
1949:
1935:
1928:
1916:
1915:
1906:
1905:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1861:
1857:
1845:
1841:
1830:
1826:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1796:
1792:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1720:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1690:
1677:
1673:
1667:
1663:
1641:Lizardo Montero
1638:
1634:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1600:Treaty of Ancón
1591:
1562:Revista del Sur
1539:
1537:Impact in Chile
1531:Treaty of Ancón
1507:(nicknamed the
1501:
1420:Counter admiral
1396:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1301:
1298:
1270:
1253:
1248:French Admiral
1247:
1196:
1151:
1145:
1140:
1128:Miguel Iglesias
1108:
1100:Manuel A. Odría
1070:throughout the
1063:
1056:
998:
917:
905:Miguel Iglesias
855:
850:
659:
651:
546:Ilo and Pacocha
424:2nd Antofagasta
407:1st Antofagasta
350:
345:
343:
341:
296:
271:
241:23 October 1883
238:
236:Treaty of Ancón
228:17 January 1881
225:
192:
180:
168:
140:
128:
77:
62:
59:
58:
41:
33:
26:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3202:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3120:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3043:Hernán Trizano
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3018:Policarpo Toro
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2993:Patricio Lynch
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2958:Carlos Condell
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2857:Eduardo Abaroa
2853:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2781:Alfonso Ugarte
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2757:
2755:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2698:Toro Submarino
2695:
2689:
2687:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2631:
2629:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2621:
2616:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2367:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2328:
2326:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2307:
2306:
2299:
2292:
2284:
2276:
2275:
2260:(in Spanish).
2244:
2220:
2213:
2183:
2158:
2136:
2130:James Higgins
2123:
2108:
2083:
2066:
2063:on 2006-12-13.
2044:
2021:
2018:on 2009-08-06.
1997:
1963:
1947:
1938:Basadre, Jorge
1926:
1890:
1876:
1855:
1839:
1824:
1810:
1790:
1776:
1767:
1754:(54): 95–117.
1750:(in Spanish).
1729:
1718:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1671:
1661:
1632:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1590:
1587:
1538:
1535:
1505:Andrés Cáceres
1500:
1497:
1469:Ignacy Domeyko
1423:Patricio Lynch
1395:
1392:
1318:
1315:
1308:
1299:Ahumada Moreno
1296:
1269:
1266:
1258:Rufino Torrico
1245:
1195:
1192:
1147:Main article:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1107:
1104:
1054:
1029:the Red Prince
1025:Patricio Lynch
997:
994:
916:
913:
852:
851:
847:
846:
845:
844:
839:
828:
827:
822:
817:
804:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
725:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
663:Breña campaign
650:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
589:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
535:
534:
529:
524:
522:Pampa Germania
519:
506:
505:
500:
495:
490:
475:
474:
472:Land campaigns
468:
467:
466:
465:
460:
459:
458:
453:
443:
436:
431:
426:
421:
414:
409:
404:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
364:
363:
361:Naval campaign
355:
352:
351:
340:
339:
332:
325:
317:
309:
308:
305:
304:
301:
300:
293:
284:
281:
280:
275:
263:
262:
257:
247:
246:
243:
242:
239:
233:
230:
229:
226:
220:
217:
216:
213:
212:
207:
206:Historical era
203:
202:
199:
198:
196:Patricio Lynch
193:
190:
187:
186:
181:
178:
175:
174:
169:
166:
163:
162:
159:
158:
155:
151:
150:
147:
146:
141:
138:
135:
134:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
118:
115:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
72:
64:
63:
60:
52:
51:
48:
47:
43:
42:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3201:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3108:Sofanor Parra
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2978:Tomás Guevara
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2968:Erasmo Escala
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2903:Irene Morales
2901:
2900:
2898:
2894:
2888:
2887:Ismael Montes
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2872:Hilarión Daza
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2677:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2446:Naval Battles
2445:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2305:
2300:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2282:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2248:
2234:
2230:
2224:
2216:
2214:956-282-232-X
2210:
2206:
2205:LOM Ediciones
2202:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2179:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2162:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2127:
2119:
2112:
2098:
2094:
2087:
2079:
2078:
2070:
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1887:. 2021-05-14.
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1620:Lima District
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1489:Ricardo Palma
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959:
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921:Manuel Bulnes
912:
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881:Peruvian army
878:
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873:(1879-1883).
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842:Titicaca Lake
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3179:1883 in Peru
3174:1882 in Peru
3169:1881 in Peru
3083:Aníbal Pinto
2811:Juan Fanning
2806:Juan Buendía
2582:
2485:Land Battles
2318:Participants
2266:. Retrieved
2261:
2257:
2247:
2236:, retrieved
2232:
2223:
2200:
2197:Bengoa, José
2177:
2171:
2161:
2150:. Retrieved
2139:
2131:
2126:
2117:
2111:
2100:. Retrieved
2096:
2086:
2076:
2069:
2061:the original
2056:
2047:
2034:
2024:
2016:the original
2011:Chilean Army
2009:
2000:
1976:
1956:
1950:
1941:
1899:
1893:
1879:
1868:
1858:
1848:
1842:
1833:
1827:
1815:. Retrieved
1800:
1793:
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1770:
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1721:
1712:
1702:
1674:
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1648:
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1220:Chilean army
1211:
1209:
1197:
1187:
1179:
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1152:
1132:
1117:
1065:
1058:
1046:
1041:British Navy
1028:
1018:
1013:
1007:
987:
975:Chilean Army
972:
968:
960:
929:
918:
875:
863:Chilean Army
858:
856:
830:
829:
806:
805:
756:Llocllapampa
727:
726:
677:San Jerónimo
668:
667:
661:
660:
653:
652:
646:
598:
597:
591:
590:
537:
536:
508:
507:
479:
478:
451:Naval Battle
439:
429:Punta Arenas
417:
400:
395:Punta Gruesa
260:Succeeded by
259:
254:
179:• 1881
167:• 1881
132:Aníbal Pinto
3098:Juana López
2998:Arturo Prat
2983:Pedro Lagos
2373:preliminary
1958:importancia
1917:|work=
1416:Pedro Lagos
1384:Urban Guard
1362:Urban Guard
1355:Civil Guard
796:Huamantanga
791:2nd Purhuay
712:Cieneguilla
697:1st Purhuay
612:Yerba Buena
561:Los Ángeles
412:3rd Iquique
390:2nd Iquique
370:1st Iquique
255:Preceded by
184:Pedro Lagos
3153:Categories
3048:Luis Uribe
2923:Juan Bravo
2473:Amphibious
2268:January 3,
2180:: 1379–430
2152:2007-11-10
2102:2008-12-04
1870:El Peruano
1694:References
1527:Huamachuco
1519:Concepción
1514:montoneras
1499:Resistance
1347:Cerro Azul
1339:montoneros
1232:Miraflores
1228:Chorrillos
1080:indigenous
1019:Liberated
983:Miraflores
936:as well as
915:Background
893:Chorrillos
889:Miraflores
825:2nd Pachía
815:Huamachuco
786:Tarmatambo
776:Concepción
771:2nd Pucará
751:Huaripampa
746:Sierralumi
736:1st Pucará
707:1st Pachía
642:Miraflores
627:El Manzano
571:Buenavista
493:Río Grande
463:2nd Callao
385:1st Callao
2747:Personnel
2712:Aftermath
1986:cite book
1919:ignored (
1909:cite book
1817:April 22,
1628:Chorillos
1550:Araucanía
1288:loitering
1243:Chileans.
1174:Atahualpa
1084:haciendas
1076:Peruvians
1014:haciendas
990:Cajamarca
820:Izcuchaca
781:San Pablo
741:Acuchimay
722:Guadalupe
702:Calientes
498:Quillagua
440:Pilcomayo
113:President
46:1881–1883
2415:Refugees
2366:Timeline
2238:June 30,
2199:(2000).
2134:page 107
2032:(1914).
1940:(1983).
1645:Arequipa
1589:See also
1575:Mapuches
1485:armament
1441:March 10
1309:—
1297:—
1246:—
1224:Barranco
1055:—
948:Tarapacá
897:Barranco
885:San Juan
837:Arequipa
766:La Oroya
692:Verrugas
556:Mollendo
551:Moquegua
532:Tarapacá
503:Tambillo
2850:Bolivia
2686:General
2679:Aspects
2337:Bolivia
2264:: 74–95
1980:. Lima.
1903:. 1881.
1713:El Búho
1680:Spanish
1653:Spanish
1571:maricas
1567:Spanish
1543:Mapuche
1487:. When
1479:in the
1323:coolies
1096:coolies
1092:mestizo
1088:criollo
1049:Chinese
1021:Chinese
1010:coolies
869:of the
861:by the
761:Chupaca
687:Sángrar
566:Locumba
517:Pisagua
456:Rupture
434:Angamos
401:Huáscar
380:Pisagua
375:Chipana
234:•
221:•
106:Spanish
92:Capital
76:in 1881
36:Spanish
3117:Others
2644:Ending
2325:Allied
2211:
2093:"Lima"
1850:Moreno
1808:
1669:valid.
1624:Callao
1373:France
1343:Cañete
1335:blacks
1284:murder
1061:(1995)
717:Motupe
617:Bujama
607:Chilca
586:Tarata
488:Calama
157:
117:
82:Status
32:
2896:Chile
2353:Chile
2346:Chile
2148:. BBC
2039:(PDF)
1606:Notes
1292:arson
1168:Unión
1068:Chile
1047:Many
1037:China
944:Arica
940:Tacna
622:Humay
581:Arica
576:Tacna
446:Arica
418:Rímac
2754:Peru
2628:1883
2607:1882
2561:1881
2520:1880
2409:1879
2332:Peru
2270:2019
2240:2013
2209:ISBN
1992:link
1921:help
1819:2020
1806:ISBN
1626:and
1471:and
1445:1881
1414:and
1376:and
1367:Roma
1345:and
1290:and
1230:and
1216:Lima
981:and
946:and
895:and
887:and
877:Lima
857:The
808:1883
729:1882
670:1881
647:Lima
291:Peru
278:Peru
96:Lima
61:Flag
1756:doi
1577:).
1525:at
1439:On
1035:in
3155::
2231:,
2186:^
2176:,
2170:,
2095:.
2055:.
2008:.
1988:}}
1984:{{
1966:^
1929:^
1913::
1911:}}
1907:{{
1867:.
1752:54
1732:^
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2262:3
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1923:)
1873:.
1764:.
1758::
1715:.
1686:)
1651:(
1630:.
336:e
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38:)
34:(
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