3174:
3161:
3147:
879:
Feldman, Walter (2015). "The
Musical 'Renaissance' of Late Seventeenth Century Ottoman Turkey: Reflections on the Musical Materials of Ali Ufkî Bey (ca. 1610–1675), Hâfiz Post (d. 1694) and the 'Marâghî' Repertoire". In Greve, Martin (ed.).
623:, with an expansion of Western-influenced repertoire during the colonial period. Organized into various forms based on tuning systems, melodic structure, rhythmic patterns and performance conventions, commonly played genres include the
216:. Developed in the 19th century by Indian musicians in Afghan courts. Along with Hindustani music theory and instruments, Afghan classical music also uses local Pashtun elements, especially in its performance practices.
27:
are terms that have been used to refer to music of different cultural origins and traditions. Such traditions often date to a period regarded as the "golden age" of music for a particular culture.
1437:
951:. The Cambridge History of Arabic Literature 5, series edited by Alfred Felix and Landon Beeston. Cambridge University Press. pp. 72–73.
3010:
2191:
1812:
3204:
2261:
2716:
1786:
1194:
1144:
1092:
Miller, Terry E.; Sam, Sam-ang (Spring–Summer 1995). "The
Classical Musics of Cambodia and Thailand: A Study of Distinctions".
686:
Subramaniam, L. (1999). "The reinvention of a tradition: Nationalism, Carnatic music and the Madras Music
Academy, 1900–1947".
2831:
30:
The following tables list music styles from throughout the world and the period in history when that tradition was developed:
2136:
1082:
999:
956:
929:
899:
798:
1044:
3020:
2686:
1427:
1094:
3118:
2901:
1909:
1843:
2376:
1828:
1791:
842:
The
History and Structure of Ceol Mor – A Guide to Piobaireachd The Classical Music of the Great Highland Bagpipe.
3025:
2211:
2081:
1921:
1914:
3199:
3005:
2706:
1926:
819:
3035:
2516:
1833:
2866:
2001:
1875:
510:
At least 3rd century AD (as
Persian traditional music), emerged as a unique tradition in the 17th century.
3086:
3015:
2906:
2186:
1865:
1781:
858:
2990:
2911:
2291:
2236:
1422:
1137:
242:
213:
196:
171:
160:
3091:
2651:
1933:
1294:
1249:
426:
3165:
2771:
2666:
2616:
2586:
1887:
1679:
1224:
453:
2980:
2946:
1880:
39:
440:
2471:
2326:
1904:
1622:
1442:
1254:
133:
2931:
2881:
2781:
2751:
2731:
2106:
1860:
1838:
1573:
1447:
1130:
788:
2821:
2791:
2786:
2711:
2611:
2591:
2391:
2231:
2031:
1976:
1870:
1848:
1674:
1627:
406:
8:
3051:
2921:
2841:
2746:
2726:
2561:
2551:
2521:
2486:
2481:
2436:
2411:
2286:
2216:
2166:
2131:
2041:
2026:
1943:
1547:
1480:
1279:
915:
3113:
3081:
2936:
2801:
2756:
2641:
2596:
2526:
2476:
2361:
2316:
2016:
2006:
1948:
1938:
1657:
1404:
1274:
1111:
738:
703:
659:
3071:
3066:
2961:
2851:
2846:
2811:
2766:
2761:
2676:
2656:
2631:
2546:
2501:
2496:
2421:
2341:
2256:
2251:
2206:
2201:
2156:
2121:
2116:
2101:
2086:
2046:
1897:
1744:
1732:
1637:
1612:
1593:
1389:
1384:
1169:
1078:
995:
952:
925:
895:
794:
707:
1019:
944:
3103:
2985:
2941:
2926:
2916:
2896:
2871:
2776:
2736:
2691:
2606:
2571:
2566:
2556:
2536:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2396:
2351:
2346:
2311:
2296:
2271:
2246:
2241:
2221:
2196:
2171:
2161:
2111:
2076:
2056:
2051:
2036:
2021:
2011:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1776:
1647:
1568:
1527:
1469:
1364:
1334:
1161:
1103:
885:
730:
695:
591:
3123:
3061:
2995:
2956:
2891:
2886:
2876:
2836:
2816:
2741:
2701:
2696:
2671:
2646:
2621:
2541:
2531:
2491:
2446:
2431:
2426:
2406:
2381:
2331:
2321:
2306:
2276:
2181:
2126:
2096:
2091:
2071:
2061:
1996:
1823:
1771:
1704:
1689:
1617:
1603:
1490:
1324:
1259:
1189:
946:
919:
620:
491:
479:
386:
358:
338:
1319:
304:
3177:
3130:
3098:
3076:
3030:
2951:
2861:
2826:
2806:
2796:
2721:
2681:
2636:
2601:
2581:
2576:
2511:
2466:
2416:
2401:
2386:
2356:
2336:
2301:
2281:
2226:
2151:
2146:
2066:
1761:
1727:
1694:
1632:
1495:
973:
699:
483:
475:
195:
At least 6th century AD (as Indian and
Hindustani classical music), split from
178:
153:
3193:
3108:
2856:
2661:
2626:
2506:
2441:
2371:
2366:
2266:
2176:
2141:
1855:
1796:
1739:
1709:
1684:
1669:
1642:
1522:
1517:
1369:
1359:
1309:
1289:
1239:
1201:
1184:
1174:
1074:
890:
610:
504:
487:
262:
3151:
1892:
1766:
1652:
1558:
1542:
1507:
1417:
1344:
1229:
721:
Dace, Wallace (1963). "The
Concept of "Rasa" in Sanskrit Dramatic Theory".
471:
222:
1754:
1563:
1512:
1485:
1412:
1179:
467:
209:
1699:
1664:
1394:
1349:
945:
María Rosa
Menocal; Raymond P. Scheindlin; Michael Sells, eds. (2000).
742:
521:
463:
462:
Likely practiced since the early 9th century, the musical tradition of
1115:
3056:
1379:
1211:
619:
The classical tradition of Burma seems to have begun around the late
22:
734:
1502:
1464:
1299:
1107:
790:
Sizhu
Instrumental Music of South China: Ethos, Theory and Practice
432:
At least 3rd century AD, with drastic changes in the 16th century.
1749:
1583:
1304:
1264:
1244:
372:
290:
114:
73:
59:
177:
At least 6th century AD (as Indian classical music), split from
159:
At least 6th century AD (as Indian classical music), split from
1578:
1314:
1269:
1234:
1219:
979:
e le opere degli ebrei sefarditi nella musica classica ottomana
814:
276:
189:
101:
87:
660:"Learn the History Behind Gamelan, Indonesian Music and Dance"
1801:
1432:
1354:
1284:
1153:
563:
554:
318:
1588:
1374:
1045:"Written and Oral Transmission of Burmese Classical Songs"
988:
and the Works of
Sephardic Jews in Ottoman Classical Music
513:
Now known as Turkish Art Music or Turkish Classical Music
1122:
754:
752:
633:
486:, this tradition has also had considerable effect on
1071:
The Other Classical Musics: Fifteen Great Traditions
1438:
Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries
482:. Now practiced in North Africa in the form of the
921:Historical Facts for the Arabian Musical Influence
749:
681:
679:
3191:
478:, where they would become staple instruments of
971:
676:
1138:
773:
771:
769:
767:
688:Indian Economic & Social History Review
685:
1145:
1131:
852:
850:
1787:Music technology (electronic and digital)
1091:
1020:"Transmission of Burmese Classical Music"
889:
856:
764:
786:
994:(in Italian). Fondazione Giorgio Cini.
878:
847:
3192:
1068:
914:
882:Writing the History of "Ottoman Music"
874:
872:
534:
1966:
1320:Vietnam imperial court music—Nhã nhạc
1126:
1042:
1017:
1013:
1011:
840:Haddow, Alexander John (1982, 2003).
758:
720:
1052:The Journal of Sophia Asian Studies
965:
869:
13:
3205:Classical and art music traditions
3001:Classical and art music traditions
1428:History of lute-family instruments
1245:Cambodian ceremonial music—Pinpeat
1062:
1036:
1008:
844:Glasgow: The Piobaireachd Society.
33:
14:
3216:
400:
3173:
3172:
3159:
3145:
2717:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2192:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1792:Sound recording and reproduction
1240:Burmese classical music—Mahāgīta
924:. Ayer Publishing. p. 137.
181:in the 16th and 17th centuries.
163:in the 16th and 17th centuries.
3021:Jazz and popular music glossary
938:
908:
2262:Federated States of Micronesia
834:
820:Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
807:
787:Thrasher, Alan Robert (2008).
780:
714:
652:
378:At least the 17th century AD.
1:
1300:Philippine art songs—Kundiman
1220:Afghan classical music—Klasik
1069:Church, Michael, ed. (2015).
645:
597:
518:
501:
450:
437:
423:
383:
236:
212:, ultimately a descendant of
199:
186:
56:
3166:Record production portal
3011:Cultural and regional genres
1265:Indonesian art music—Gamelan
1043:Inoue, Sayuri (2014-12-01).
1018:CHING, TAN LI (2008-07-29).
948:The Literature of Al-Andalus
571:
7:
1782:Music technology (electric)
1315:Thai classical music—Piphat
1270:Japanese court music—Gagaku
723:Educational Theatre Journal
634:
582:Earliest historical period
545:Earliest historical period
417:Earliest historical period
349:Earliest historical period
332:
253:Earliest historical period
208:The classical tradition of
144:Earliest historical period
50:Earliest historical period
10:
3221:
1423:History of the harpsichord
1310:Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka
884:. Ergon. pp. 87–138.
700:10.1177/001946469903600201
404:
336:
324:At least 2nd century BCE.
268:At least 14th century CE.
243:East Asian cultural sphere
240:
214:Hindustani classical music
197:Hindustani classical music
172:Hindustani classical music
161:Hindustani classical music
131:
93:At least 14th century AD.
37:
3139:
3044:
2973:
1973:
1959:
1810:
1720:
1602:
1538:
1460:
1403:
1333:
1250:Chinese traditional music
1210:
1160:
1152:
616:16th or 17th century AD.
547:
544:
541:
466:is notable for spreading
351:
348:
345:
255:
252:
249:
228:At least 6th century AD.
79:At least 6th century AD.
65:At least 8th century AD.
52:
49:
46:
2137:Central African Republic
1680:Computational musicology
1225:Andalusi classical music
891:10.5771/9783956507038-87
454:Andalusi classical music
127:
3026:Music genres and styles
1325:Western classical music
1295:Persian classical music
972:Ensemble Bîrûn (2016).
505:Ottoman classical music
488:Ottoman classical music
474:musical instruments to
427:Persian classical music
387:Western classical music
40:Music of Southeast Asia
3006:Classical music genres
2082:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1623:Doctor of Musical Arts
1443:History of the trumpet
1255:Indian classical music
1024:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg
857:Lawergren, Bo (2016).
492:Sephardic romance and
441:Arabic classical music
134:Indian classical music
3200:Lists of music genres
2832:São Tomé and Príncipe
2707:Saint Kitts and Nevis
2687:Republic of the Congo
1448:History of the violin
863:Encyclopaedia Iranica
562:The tradition of the
405:Further information:
337:Further information:
38:Further information:
2902:United Arab Emirates
1967:
1675:Cognitive musicology
916:Farmer, Henry George
490:, especially in the
407:Middle Eastern music
3052:Aesthetics of music
2867:Trinidad and Tobago
2002:Antigua and Barbuda
1481:Band (rock and pop)
1405:Musical instruments
1280:Lao classical music
535:Sub-Saharan African
3114:Musical instrument
3082:Music and politics
2212:Dominican Republic
1960:By sovereign state
1275:Korean court music
1235:Azerbaijani Mugham
865:(online ed.).
3187:
3186:
3072:Music and fashion
3067:Music and emotion
2969:
2968:
2237:Equatorial Guinea
1733:A-side and B-side
1638:Music archaeology
1613:Bachelor of Music
1456:
1455:
1390:Psychedelic music
1385:Progressive music
1305:Scottish Ceòl Mór
1084:978-1-84383-726-8
1004:– via CORE.
1001:978-88-6163-143-4
958:978-0-521-47159-6
931:978-0-405-08496-6
901:978-3-95650-703-8
800:978-90-04-16500-7
643:
642:
569:
568:
532:
531:
480:Western tradition
398:
397:
330:
329:
310:13th century CE.
234:
233:
125:
124:
17:"Classical music"
3212:
3176:
3175:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3152:Music portal
3150:
3149:
3148:
3104:Music technology
3092:Environmentalism
3045:Related articles
2652:Papua New Guinea
2517:Marshall Islands
1964:
1963:
1910:Central American
1648:Music psychology
1528:Backing vocalist
1365:Electronic music
1208:
1207:
1162:History of music
1147:
1140:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1088:
1056:
1055:
1049:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1015:
1006:
1005:
993:
969:
963:
962:
942:
936:
935:
912:
906:
905:
893:
876:
867:
866:
854:
845:
838:
832:
831:
829:
828:
811:
805:
804:
784:
778:
777:Doubleday, pg. 3
775:
762:
756:
747:
746:
718:
712:
711:
683:
674:
673:
671:
670:
656:
637:
602:
599:
592:American gamelan
576:
575:
539:
538:
459:9th century AD.
411:
410:
392:6th century AD.
364:4th century AD.
343:
342:
296:5th century CE.
282:6th century CE.
247:
246:
204:
201:
138:
137:
44:
43:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3183:
3160:
3158:
3146:
3144:
3135:
3062:Fictional music
3040:
2965:
2772:Solomon Islands
2617:North Macedonia
1969:
1955:
1817:
1815:regional genres
1814:
1806:
1772:Record producer
1716:
1705:Sociomusicology
1690:Ethnomusicology
1618:Master of Music
1598:
1552:
1534:
1491:All-female band
1474:
1452:
1399:
1336:
1329:
1285:Mandé art music
1260:Byzantine music
1206:
1156:
1151:
1095:Ethnomusicology
1085:
1065:
1063:Further reading
1060:
1059:
1047:
1041:
1037:
1028:
1026:
1016:
1009:
1002:
991:
970:
966:
959:
943:
939:
932:
913:
909:
902:
877:
870:
859:"MUSIC HISTORY"
855:
848:
839:
835:
826:
824:
813:
812:
808:
801:
785:
781:
776:
765:
757:
750:
735:10.2307/3204783
719:
715:
684:
677:
668:
666:
658:
657:
653:
648:
600:
574:
537:
409:
403:
359:Byzantine music
341:
339:Music of Europe
335:
245:
239:
202:
136:
130:
42:
36:
34:Southeast Asian
12:
11:
5:
3218:
3208:
3207:
3202:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3169:
3155:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3131:Women in music
3128:
3127:
3126:
3121:
3119:Classification
3111:
3106:
3101:
3099:Music festival
3096:
3095:
3094:
3089:
3079:
3077:Music industry
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2947:Western Sahara
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2907:United Kingdom
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2187:Czech Republic
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1931:
1930:
1929:
1922:North American
1919:
1918:
1917:
1915:South American
1912:
1905:Latin American
1902:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1871:Middle Eastern
1868:
1863:
1853:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1820:
1818:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1762:Audio engineer
1759:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1695:New musicology
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1607:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1525:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1496:Rhythm section
1493:
1488:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1451:
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1425:
1420:
1415:
1409:
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1400:
1398:
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1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
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1331:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
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1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1216:
1214:
1205:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1166:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1150:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1108:10.2307/924427
1102:(2): 229–243.
1089:
1083:
1073:. Woodbridge:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1035:
1007:
1000:
964:
957:
937:
930:
907:
900:
868:
846:
833:
806:
799:
779:
763:
761:, p. 249.
748:
729:(3): 249–254.
713:
694:(2): 131–163.
675:
650:
649:
647:
644:
641:
640:
621:Toungoo period
617:
614:
606:
605:
603:
595:
587:
586:
583:
580:
573:
570:
567:
566:
560:
558:
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549:
546:
543:
536:
533:
530:
529:
527:
525:
517:
516:
514:
511:
508:
500:
499:
484:Andalusi nubah
476:Western Europe
468:Middle Eastern
460:
457:
449:
448:
446:
444:
436:
435:
433:
430:
422:
421:
418:
415:
402:
401:Middle Eastern
399:
396:
395:
393:
390:
382:
381:
379:
376:
368:
367:
365:
362:
354:
353:
350:
347:
334:
331:
328:
327:
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314:
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308:
300:
299:
297:
294:
286:
285:
283:
280:
272:
271:
269:
266:
258:
257:
254:
251:
238:
235:
232:
231:
229:
226:
218:
217:
206:
193:
185:
184:
182:
179:Carnatic music
175:
167:
166:
164:
157:
154:Carnatic music
149:
148:
145:
142:
132:Main article:
129:
126:
123:
122:
120:
118:
110:
109:
107:
105:
97:
96:
94:
91:
83:
82:
80:
77:
69:
68:
66:
63:
55:
54:
51:
48:
35:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3217:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3180:
3179:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3109:Music therapy
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
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2979:
2978:
2976:
2972:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
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2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2912:United States
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
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2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
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2833:
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2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
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2808:
2805:
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2800:
2798:
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2793:
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2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
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2733:
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2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
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2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
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2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
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2600:
2598:
2595:
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2590:
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2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
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2560:
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2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
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2540:
2538:
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2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2472:Liechtenstein
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
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2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
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2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
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2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2327:Guinea-Bissau
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1965:
1962:
1958:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1813:Cultural and
1809:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1740:Extended play
1738:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1711:
1710:Zoomusicology
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1685:Ecomusicology
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1670:Biomusicology
1668:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1643:Music history
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1574:Improvisation
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1523:Lead vocalist
1521:
1520:
1519:
1518:Military band
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1459:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1370:Hip hop music
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1360:Country music
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1290:Ottoman music
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1090:
1086:
1080:
1076:
1075:Boydell Press
1072:
1067:
1066:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1025:
1021:
1014:
1012:
1003:
997:
989:
985:
981:
980:
976:
968:
960:
954:
950:
949:
941:
933:
927:
923:
922:
917:
911:
903:
897:
892:
887:
883:
875:
873:
864:
860:
853:
851:
843:
837:
822:
821:
816:
810:
802:
796:
792:
791:
783:
774:
772:
770:
768:
760:
755:
753:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
717:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
682:
680:
665:
661:
655:
651:
638:
636:
630:
626:
622:
618:
615:
613:
612:
608:
607:
604:
596:
594:
593:
589:
588:
584:
581:
578:
577:
565:
561:
559:
557:
556:
552:
551:
540:
528:
526:
524:
523:
519:
515:
512:
509:
507:
506:
502:
497:
495:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
472:North African
469:
465:
461:
458:
456:
455:
451:
447:
445:
443:
442:
438:
434:
431:
429:
428:
424:
419:
416:
413:
412:
408:
394:
391:
389:
388:
384:
380:
377:
375:
374:
370:
369:
366:
363:
361:
360:
356:
355:
344:
340:
326:
323:
321:
320:
316:
315:
312:
309:
307:
306:
302:
301:
298:
295:
293:
292:
288:
287:
284:
281:
279:
278:
274:
273:
270:
267:
265:
264:
263:Nanguan music
260:
259:
248:
244:
230:
227:
225:
224:
220:
219:
215:
211:
207:
198:
194:
192:
191:
187:
183:
180:
176:
174:
173:
169:
168:
165:
162:
158:
156:
155:
151:
150:
146:
143:
140:
139:
135:
121:
119:
117:
116:
112:
111:
108:
106:
104:
103:
99:
98:
95:
92:
90:
89:
85:
84:
81:
78:
76:
75:
71:
70:
67:
64:
62:
61:
57:
45:
41:
31:
28:
26:
24:
18:
3171:
3157:
3143:
3000:
2932:Vatican City
2882:Turkmenistan
2782:South Africa
2752:Sierra Leone
2732:Saudi Arabia
2107:Burkina Faso
1767:Record label
1653:Music school
1508:Concert band
1418:Angular harp
1345:Circus music
1230:Arabic music
1099:
1093:
1070:
1054:(32): 41–55.
1051:
1038:
1027:. Retrieved
1023:
987:
983:
978:
974:
967:
947:
940:
920:
910:
881:
862:
841:
836:
825:. Retrieved
818:
809:
789:
782:
726:
722:
716:
691:
687:
667:. Retrieved
663:
654:
632:
628:
624:
609:
590:
553:
520:
503:
493:
452:
439:
425:
385:
371:
357:
317:
303:
289:
275:
261:
223:Odissi music
221:
188:
170:
152:
113:
100:
86:
72:
58:
29:
20:
16:
15:
3036:Terminology
3016:Instruments
2822:Switzerland
2792:South Sudan
2787:South Korea
2712:Saint Lucia
2667:Philippines
2612:North Korea
2592:New Zealand
2587:Netherlands
2392:Ivory Coast
2232:El Salvador
1977:Afghanistan
1944:Micronesian
1745:Compilation
1658:Composition
1548:Composition
1513:Disc jockey
1486:Backup band
1413:Arched Harp
1170:Prehistoric
823:(in Korean)
601: 1960
210:Afghanistan
203: 1860
3194:Categories
2922:Uzbekistan
2842:Tajikistan
2747:Seychelles
2727:San Marino
2562:Mozambique
2552:Montenegro
2522:Mauritania
2487:Madagascar
2482:Luxembourg
2437:Kyrgyzstan
2412:Kazakhstan
2217:East Timor
2167:Costa Rica
2132:Cape Verde
2042:Bangladesh
2027:Azerbaijan
1949:Polynesian
1939:Melanesian
1721:Production
1700:Organology
1665:Musicology
1395:Soul music
1350:Folk music
1335:Vernacular
1029:2018-09-14
827:2023-05-29
669:2021-12-09
646:References
635:thachingan
522:Shashmaqam
496:repertoire
464:Al-Andalus
241:See also:
237:East Asian
3057:Album era
2937:Venezuela
2802:Sri Lanka
2757:Singapore
2642:Palestine
2597:Nicaragua
2527:Mauritius
2477:Lithuania
2362:Indonesia
2317:Guatemala
2017:Australia
2007:Argentina
1927:Caribbean
1881:Southeast
1606:and study
1604:Education
1594:Technique
1470:Ensembles
1380:Pop music
1212:Art music
1190:Religious
986:maftirîms
793:. BRILL.
759:Dace 1963
708:144368744
664:ThoughtCo
572:Syncretic
23:art music
3178:Category
2991:Timeline
2962:Zimbabwe
2852:Thailand
2847:Tanzania
2812:Suriname
2767:Slovenia
2762:Slovakia
2677:Portugal
2657:Paraguay
2632:Pakistan
2547:Mongolia
2502:Maldives
2497:Malaysia
2422:Kiribati
2342:Honduras
2257:Ethiopia
2252:Eswatini
2207:Dominica
2202:Djibouti
2157:Colombia
2122:Cameroon
2117:Cambodia
2102:Bulgaria
2087:Botswana
2047:Barbados
1934:Oceanian
1888:European
1844:Southern
1777:Sampling
1569:Notation
1503:Big band
1465:Musician
1195:Biblical
977:maftirîm
918:(1978).
815:"향악(鄕樂)"
611:Mahāgīta
494:Maftirim
333:European
305:Nhã nhạc
3087:Warfare
2986:Outline
2942:Vietnam
2927:Vanuatu
2917:Uruguay
2897:Ukraine
2872:Tunisia
2777:Somalia
2737:Senegal
2692:Romania
2607:Nigeria
2572:Namibia
2567:Myanmar
2557:Morocco
2537:Moldova
2462:Liberia
2457:Lesotho
2452:Lebanon
2397:Jamaica
2377:Ireland
2352:Iceland
2347:Hungary
2312:Grenada
2297:Germany
2292:Georgia
2272:Finland
2247:Estonia
2242:Eritrea
2222:Ecuador
2197:Denmark
2172:Croatia
2162:Comoros
2112:Burundi
2077:Bolivia
2057:Belgium
2052:Belarus
2037:Bahrain
2032:Bahamas
2022:Austria
2012:Armenia
1992:Andorra
1987:Algeria
1982:Albania
1861:Central
1829:Central
1824:African
1584:Singing
1202:Secular
1185:Martial
1175:Ancient
743:3204783
373:Pibroch
291:Jeongak
115:Pinphat
74:Pinpeat
60:Gamelan
2996:Albums
2957:Zambia
2892:Uganda
2887:Tuvalu
2877:Turkey
2837:Taiwan
2817:Sweden
2742:Serbia
2702:Rwanda
2697:Russia
2672:Poland
2647:Panama
2622:Norway
2542:Monaco
2532:Mexico
2492:Malawi
2447:Latvia
2432:Kuwait
2427:Kosovo
2407:Jordan
2382:Israel
2332:Guyana
2322:Guinea
2307:Greece
2287:Gambia
2277:France
2182:Cyprus
2127:Canada
2097:Brunei
2092:Brazil
2072:Bhutan
2062:Belize
1997:Angola
1968:
1898:Nordic
1893:Balkan
1728:Single
1633:Method
1579:Lyrics
1543:Theory
1116:924427
1114:
1081:
998:
990:]
955:
928:
898:
797:
741:
706:
631:, and
585:Notes
579:Style
548:Notes
542:Style
420:Notes
414:Style
352:Notes
346:Style
277:Gagaku
256:Notes
250:Style
190:Klasik
147:Notes
141:Style
102:Piphat
88:Mahori
53:Notes
47:Style
3031:Songs
2981:Index
2974:Lists
2952:Yemen
2862:Tonga
2827:Syria
2807:Sudan
2797:Spain
2722:Samoa
2682:Qatar
2637:Palau
2602:Niger
2582:Nepal
2577:Nauru
2512:Malta
2467:Libya
2417:Kenya
2402:Japan
2387:Italy
2357:India
2337:Haiti
2302:Ghana
2282:Gabon
2227:Egypt
2152:China
2147:Chile
2067:Benin
1876:South
1856:Asian
1839:North
1802:Remix
1797:Cover
1755:Remix
1564:Genre
1433:Nafir
1355:Blues
1337:music
1180:Dance
1154:Music
1112:JSTOR
1048:(PDF)
992:(PDF)
982:[
739:JSTOR
704:S2CID
564:djeli
555:Griot
319:Yayue
128:Indic
3124:Folk
2857:Togo
2662:Peru
2627:Oman
2507:Mali
2442:Laos
2372:Iraq
2367:Iran
2267:Fiji
2177:Cuba
2142:Chad
1866:East
1849:West
1834:East
1750:Live
1589:Song
1559:Form
1375:Jazz
1079:ISBN
996:ISBN
984:The
953:ISBN
926:ISBN
896:ISBN
795:ISBN
470:and
19:and
1628:PhD
1104:doi
886:doi
731:doi
696:doi
629:bwe
625:kyo
3196::
1110:.
1100:39
1098:.
1077:.
1050:.
1022:.
1010:^
975:I
894:.
871:^
861:.
849:^
817:.
766:^
751:^
737:.
727:15
725:.
702:.
692:36
690:.
678:^
662:.
639:.
627:,
598:c.
498:.
205:.
200:c.
1146:e
1139:t
1132:v
1118:.
1106::
1087:.
1032:.
961:.
934:.
904:.
888::
830:.
803:.
745:.
733::
710:.
698::
672:.
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