286:
54:
639:
700:
networks are said to be specializing in "logistical support to terrorist groups" operating across Europe that loosely follow a number of "core precepts", mainly that "man-made laws" are "illegitimate", that "theft, kidnapping, forced marriages and even the assassination of anyone who not part of the group" are justified. Groups that have been described as Takfir wal-Hijra may have had little or no connection to each other.
650:
801:
states that Takfir wal-Hijra has been responsible for "at least five attacks" on worshippers at mosques in Sudan from 1994 to 2006, resulting "in scores of fatalities and hundreds of injuries". Some news reports in which the name Takfir wal-Hijra have been mentioned include the killing of 16 Muslim
730:
of Public Policy, followers are allowed to shave their beards, drink alcohol, visit topless bars and commit crimes against
Westerners — all under the cloak of subterfuge. "They are the mothers and fathers of sleeping cells." They believe that the ends justify any means and, that killing other
699:
living in Europe." Described as a movement that began in Egypt in 1971, by the 1990s it has been described as a "decentralised network" of "cells", and as a "radical ideology" and "web of
Islamic militants around the world connected only by their beliefs" (rather than "an organization per se"). The
841:, left a note on Van Gogh's body containing references to Takfir wal-Hijra's ideology. Alleged members of Takfir wal-Hijra were arrested in Ukraine in 2009. In November 2013, Russian security forces detained 14 radical Islamists suspected of adhering to Takfir wal-Hijra.
747:, a vocal critic of the group, in July 1977. In the crackdown that followed, 620 alleged members of the group were arrested and 465 tried before military courts. Shukri Mustafa was himself executed the next year, in March 1978. An apocalyptic group, according to authors
782:" returned from Afghanistan to their homes in the Middle East and North Africa and spread their doctrines, establishing a "decentralised network of believers" that has been active "throughout Algeria, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Pakistan and Sudan." During the
162:. Although the group was crushed by Egyptian security forces after it murdered an Islamic scholar and former government minister in 1977, it is said to have "left an enduring legacy" taken up by some Islamist radicals in "subsequent years and decades."
856:, leading to a two-hour battle with Egyptian security forces and local tribesmen in which two people were reported injured. In 2013, Egyptian police said they had arrested the leader of Takfir wal-Hijra as well as "dozens" of other militants.
806:
who were praying at a
Sudanese mosque six years later. In 1995, the Sudanese branch of the group planned to assassinate al-Qaeda-leader Osama bin Laden while he was residing in Sudan because his views were considered to be too liberal.
212:" referred to Muslims who judge mainstream Muslim society to be infidel, and see it as their duty to separate from it until such a time as they can return in strength to conquer and Islamicize it, as Muhammad did with Mecca.
223:
society of
Muslims, and those not members were not part of Muslim society and not true Muslims. In addition, since few Egyptian Muslims (and no one in the government) agreed with the belief of the group's founder
743:, and he eventually became one of Qutb's most radical disciples. Mustafa's group gained nationwide attention in Egypt when they kidnapped and eventually executed Islamic scholar and former government minister
774:, Shukri Mustafa's execution "ushered in the emergence of two wings within Al Takfir: one under the leadership of Abbud al-Zammut (considered one of the original founders) and one under the leadership of
822:. The fighting lasted for a week before it was subdued. In 2005, Takfir walâHijra took credit for the killings of Christian civilians in the same area in Lebanon. Lebanese-Canadian
1300:
739:
The Jama'at al-Muslimin group, was founded by Shukri
Mustafa in 1971. Originally a member of the Muslim Brotherhood, Mustafa had been imprisoned with other members including
695:
but often more extreme than him," and as a group which inspired "some of the tactics and methods used by Al Qaeda and whose ideology is being embraced by a growing number of
2345:
577:
2350:
1011:
1605:
1260:
572:
1293:
786:
in the 1990s, the al-Muwahhidun group, which has otherwise been referred to as Takfir wal-Hijra, was central in the formation and the ideology of the
759:". According to journalist Robin Wright, the group reorganized and within a year of Mustafa's death membership was estimated "to be as high as 4000."
491:
453:
2282:
1670:
174:" ("excommunication and exodus") was from the start a derogatory term used by the official Egyptian press media when talking about the cult group
791:
1161:
727:
1846:
1286:
244:" was the name given to the group by its detractors. Not surprisingly, Shukri and his followers strongly objected to being called that, but "
719:, but so was "Egyptian society as a whole" because it was "not fighting the Egyptian government and had thus accepted rule by non-Muslims".
2277:
2192:
755:, based on the "testimony of those who knew him" and Mustafa's statements during his trial, "it is clear Shuqri Mustafa thought he was the
2315:
2320:
1625:
184:
means to judge and label somebody (specifically one or more self-proclaimed
Muslims, in this case contemporary Muslim society) to be a
1856:
914:
470:
2272:
2310:
2245:
1851:
1177:
290:
1555:
2325:
1861:
1458:
1243:
619:
2335:
2330:
2219:
1210:
403:
17:
2340:
1956:
1451:
1143:
1088:
1061:
972:
592:
2203:
2162:
1841:
678:
485:
266:
2141:
1801:
1786:
1595:
810:
On 31 December 1999, in the
Dinnieh district of Northern Lebanon "hundreds of Takfiris" led by Lebanese-American
707:
of the
Takfiris refers to the belief (of at least some of the movement such as Ali Ismael, the sheikh of Egypt's
731:
Muslims can be justified in their cause and that
Western society is heathen and it is their duty to destroy it.
2365:
1811:
1560:
1278:
787:
1996:
1836:
1735:
1615:
1550:
1231:
834:
703:
The group has been said to form "the most extreme and violent strand in the
Salafist jihadist movement." The
465:
988:
Al Nakhlah: The Fletcher School Online Journal for Issues Related to Southwest Asia and Islamic Civilization
2235:
1700:
1640:
1313:
767:
763:
71:
2360:
2305:
2214:
2071:
1695:
1690:
1650:
1590:
1463:
884:
803:
104:
505:
2136:
1493:
1411:
953:
927:
378:
348:
2355:
1936:
1826:
1796:
1781:
1630:
1535:
1158:
771:
475:
826:
who was arrested by Lebanese authorities in 2000 was accused of being a member of Takfir wal-Hijra.
1976:
1866:
1760:
1745:
849:
439:
343:
778:", later second in command of al-Qaeda. Takfir wal-Hijra grew substantially through the 1990s as "
2240:
2001:
1926:
1791:
1710:
1680:
1478:
1473:
1431:
1406:
480:
899:
66:
1971âpresent (as Jama'at al-Muslimin group until 1978, decentralised underground movement since)
2031:
1901:
1896:
1821:
1816:
1705:
1685:
1378:
522:
460:
318:
1078:
1051:
1906:
1871:
1570:
1540:
1133:
557:
2250:
2111:
2101:
2006:
1951:
1946:
1931:
1921:
1806:
1740:
1730:
1655:
1645:
1610:
1483:
798:
671:
8:
2121:
1991:
986:
Gleis, Joshua L. (Spring 2005). "National Security Implications of Al-Takfir Wal-Hijra".
393:
196:
means flight or emigration or leaving, specifically the migration of the Islamic prophet
1181:
2187:
2182:
2172:
2167:
2116:
2051:
1966:
1941:
1765:
1523:
1426:
865:
852:-wielding militants identified as members of Takfir wal-Hijra carried out an attack in
819:
783:
712:
604:
383:
353:
159:
133:
2264:
2177:
2106:
2076:
2036:
1891:
1750:
1725:
1660:
1383:
1373:
1193:
1139:
1084:
1057:
775:
744:
716:
696:
388:
285:
2370:
2208:
2146:
2091:
2046:
2016:
1720:
1580:
1575:
1488:
1446:
845:
838:
2126:
2056:
2041:
1916:
1715:
1675:
1620:
1333:
1165:
815:
748:
708:
692:
664:
643:
552:
423:
371:
333:
301:
276:
125:
1308:
973:
Homeland security in the UK: future preparedness for terrorist attack since 9/11
691:
Takfir wal-Hijra has been described as "a matrix of terrorist cells - allied to
2086:
2081:
2066:
2011:
1981:
1971:
1911:
1635:
1585:
1565:
1518:
1436:
830:
542:
433:
225:
151:
48:
2299:
2131:
2026:
1986:
1961:
1755:
1545:
1508:
1498:
1468:
1421:
1416:
1218:
599:
308:
192:
53:
2096:
2061:
1665:
1600:
1340:
853:
823:
779:
752:
723:
654:
609:
547:
512:
313:
811:
740:
413:
398:
358:
232:) as un-Islamic, and that true Muslims were compelled to be in "exodus" (
108:
1261:"Egypt army arrests head of Sinai radical militant group, dozens others"
638:
1350:
1182:
Summary of the Security Intelligence Report concerning Mahmoud Jaballah
527:
428:
338:
328:
323:
2021:
1513:
1357:
790:(GIA) which went on to declare Algerian society "kuffar", commencing
567:
418:
215:
Most Egyptians hesitated to use the title the group used for itself,
2197:
1441:
1328:
1309:
624:
562:
517:
197:
141:
137:
1080:
Accounting for Fundamentalisms: The Dynamic Character of Movements
726:, an Egyptian-born professor of politics and senior fellow at the
1530:
1345:
1234:| By Alla Eshchenko and Laura Smith-Spark| CNN| November 27, 2013
537:
408:
80:
76:
136:
and Exodus", alternatively "excommunication and emigration" or "
829:
Takfiris may have been involved in the murder of U.S. diplomat
711:
at the time) that not only were Egyptian President at the time
532:
219:
meaning "Society of Muslims", as it implied that the group was
205:
180:
1503:
1232:
Russian security forces detain 14 suspected radical Islamists
1012:"Jihad Without Rules: The Evolution of al-Takfir wa al-Hijra"
816:
attacks killing civilians and clashing with the Lebanese Army
756:
201:
186:
155:
1194:
Murder for the sake of Allah- Blasphemy vs.Jihad in Holland
762:
Some former members of the group were later linked to the
1209:
Zawadzki, Sabina (October 26, 2009). Pearce, Time (ed.).
918:
By Marc Sageman, (University of Pennsylvania Press) p.28
228:
that Muslims in Egypt deserved to be "excommunicated" (
1606:
Mujahideen Shura Council in the Environs of Jerusalem
1159:
National Security Implications of AlâTakfir WalâHijra
140:
and exile"), was the popular name given to a radical
240:" made it unique to most Egyptians. Consequently, "
2351:
Organizations based in Asia designated as terrorist
1211:"Ukraine detains three suspected Islamic militants"
901:
Islamist Terrorism and Democracy in the Middle East
833:in Jordan in 2002. The assassin of Dutch filmmaker
848:since its beginnings in 2011. On 7 February 2011,
804:the killing of 22 people and wounding of 31 others
204:where they were being persecuted, to the city of
2346:Organisations of the Egyptian Crisis (2011â2014)
2297:
1671:Liwa Assad Allah al-Ghalib fi al-Iraq wa al-Sham
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
997:
27:Radical Islamist group founded by Shukri Mustafa
1847:Movement for Oneness and Jihad in West Africa
1294:
1106:by Daniel Benjamin and Steven Simon, pp. 90-1
994:
672:
252:, became fixed in the popular consciousness.
1171:
1083:. University of Chicago Press. p. 378.
1077:Marty, Martin E.; Appleby, R. Scott (2004).
1076:
967:
965:
895:
893:
1301:
1287:
1056:. Syracuse University Press. p. 239.
679:
665:
1857:Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries
1244:Amid Egypt Turmoil, More Clashes in Sinai
1187:
1127:
1125:
734:
471:Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
2193:Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002âpresent)
1208:
1049:
962:
890:
2246:Sexual violence in the Iraqi insurgency
1852:Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat
1626:People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran
1034:
921:
14:
2298:
1253:
1178:Canadian Security Intelligence Service
1131:
1122:
1282:
1040:Jane's World Insurgency and Terrorism
985:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
1862:Shura Council of Mujahideen in Derna
1459:Al-Salafiya al-Jihadiya in the Sinai
1009:
979:
620:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
844:The group has been involved in the
492:List of Salafi Islamic universities
158:in the 1960s as an offshoot of the
129:
24:
2316:Factions of the Algerian Civil War
1556:Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin
936:
792:a campaign of massacring civilians
404:Muhammad ibn Ibrahim Al ash-Sheikh
25:
2382:
2321:History of the Muslim Brotherhood
1957:Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi
1452:Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula
802:worshipers in Sudan in 1994, and
291:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab Mosque
1842:Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group
1138:. Rand Corporation. p. 70.
818:, the biggest clashes since the
648:
637:
486:International Islamic University
284:
52:
2220:Yemeni civil war (2014âpresent)
2142:Abdul-Malik Badreddin al-Houthi
1787:al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb
1596:Katibat al-Ghuraba al-Turkistan
1263:. Ahram Online. 1 November 2013
1237:
1225:
1202:
1152:
1109:
1097:
1070:
1043:
93:"Apostate" Muslims, non-Muslims
2311:Armed Islamic Group of Algeria
1010:Mili, Hayder (June 29, 2006).
907:
878:
788:Armed Islamic Group of Algeria
91:Governments of Arab countries,
13:
1:
1997:Abu Ubaidah Youssef al-Annabi
1837:Libyan Islamic Fighting Group
1736:Harakat Ansar Allah al-Awfiya
1616:Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement
1551:Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades
915:Understanding Terror Networks
871:
715:and his government officials
466:Islamic University of Madinah
2236:Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen
2204:Libyan crisis (2011âpresent)
2163:IsraeliâPalestinian conflict
1314:Middle East and North Africa
1135:Radical Islam in East Africa
904:By Katerina Dalacoura, p.113
764:assassination of Anwar Sadat
7:
2326:Islam-related controversies
2072:Muhammad abd-al-Salam Faraj
1696:Abu al-Fadl al-Abbas Forces
1691:Liwa Abu al-Fadhal al-Abbas
1651:Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba
1591:Katibat al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
1561:Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
1464:Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan
859:
255:
105:Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt
10:
2387:
2336:Jihadist groups in Algeria
2331:Jihadist groups in Lebanon
2137:Jalal al-Din Ali al-Saghir
1412:Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigades
1050:Esposito, John L. (1998).
2259:
2228:
2155:
1937:Abu Abdulrahman al-Bilawi
1884:
1797:Ansar al-Sharia (Tunisia)
1782:Abu Salim Martyrs Brigade
1774:
1701:Kata'ib Sayyid al-Shuhada
1631:Sheikh Omar Hadid Brigade
1536:Palestinian Islamic Jihad
1399:
1392:
1366:
1321:
958:PBS News, 25 January 2005
573:International propagation
476:Jamia Salafia, Faisalabad
344:Muhammad Hayaat Al-Sindhi
97:
87:
70:
60:
44:
38:
37:
32:
2341:Jihadist groups in Egypt
1867:Tunisian Combatant Group
1761:Hassan Al-Basri Brigades
1746:1920 Revolution Brigades
1104:The Age of Sacred Terror
887:| Bruce Livesey| pbs.org
593:Associated organizations
372:Founders and key figures
2241:ISIL territorial claims
2215:War in Iraq (2013â2017)
2002:Abu Ubaidah al-Banshiri
1927:Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah
1792:Ansar al-Sharia (Libya)
1681:Shield of Islam Brigade
1479:Ansar al-Sharia (Yemen)
1474:Ansar al-Sharia (Syria)
1432:Al-Mustafa Army in Iraq
1407:Abdullah Azzam Brigades
976:By Paul Wilkinson, p.47
954:"Al Qaeda's New Front"
481:Jamia Salafia, Varanasi
440:List of Salafi scholars
302:Theology and Influences
236:), the cult's idea of "
200:and his followers from
165:
2032:Abu Mohammad al-Julani
1902:Abu Muslim al-Turkmani
1897:Abu Mohammad al-Adnani
1827:al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya
1822:Egyptian Islamic Jihad
1817:Derna Protection Force
1686:Saraya Ansar al-Aqeeda
1379:Islamic fundamentalism
1221:on September 15, 2016.
1198:Militant Islam Monitor
1132:Rabasa, Angel (2009).
770:in 1981. According to
768:Asyut Islamic Uprising
735:History and activities
523:Islamic fundamentalism
461:Umm al-Qura University
319:Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya
190:(non-Muslim infidel).
2366:Qutbist organisations
2269:Militant Islamism in
1907:Abu Suleiman al-Naser
1872:Uqba ibn Nafi Brigade
1571:Jaysh al-Ummah (Gaza)
1541:Islamic State of Iraq
885:The Salafist Movement
558:Sufi-Salafi relations
513:Ahl-i Hadith movement
2251:Holy Shrine Defender
2112:Abdelhamid Abou Zeid
2102:Abu Musab al-Zarqawi
2007:Abu Ubaidah al-Masri
1952:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi
1947:Abu Omar al-Baghdadi
1932:Abdul Nasser Qardash
1922:Abdullah Yusuf Azzam
1807:Ansar Bait al-Maqdis
1741:Promised Day Brigade
1711:Kata'ib Jund al-Imam
1611:Masada al-Mujahideen
1484:Ansar Bait al-Maqdis
933:(30 September 2001).
799:Jamestown Foundation
454:Notable universities
2122:Abu Muhsin al-Masri
1992:Abdelmalek Droukdel
1812:Armed Islamic Group
1706:Kata'ib al-Imam Ali
1184:, February 22, 2008
644:Politics portal
394:Jamal al-Din Qasimi
250:Jama'at al-Muslimin
217:Jama'at al-Muslimin
176:Jama'at al-Muslimin
147:Jama'at al-Muslimin
2361:Terrorism in Sudan
2306:Apocalyptic groups
2283:Sub-Saharan Africa
2188:Terrorism in Egypt
2183:Algerian Civil War
2173:Iranian Revolution
2168:Lebanese Civil War
2117:Abu Khayr al-Masri
2052:Juhayman al-Otaybi
1977:Tal'at Fu'ad Qasim
1967:Mokhtar Belmokhtar
1942:Abu Ayyub al-Masri
1766:Islamic Dawa Party
1524:Hezbollah Al-Hejaz
1427:Al-Ashtar Brigades
1164:2010-06-27 at the
1053:Islam and Politics
866:Terrorism in Egypt
784:Algerian Civil War
713:Gamal Abdel Nasser
697:Salafist jihadists
605:Authenticity Party
506:Related ideologies
384:Syed Nazeer Husain
379:Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab
349:Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab
160:Muslim Brotherhood
62:Dates of operation
18:Takfir wa al-Hijra
2293:
2292:
2107:Ayman al-Zawahiri
2077:Nasir al-Wuhayshi
2037:Omar Abdel-Rahman
1892:Abu Ali al-Anbari
1880:
1879:
1751:Turkish Hezbollah
1731:Jaysh al-Mu'ammal
1726:Sabireen Movement
1661:Badr Organization
1656:Kata'ib Hezbollah
1646:Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq
1384:Islamic terrorism
1374:Islamic extremism
1310:Militant Islamism
1168:| Joshua L. Gleis
1016:Terrorism Monitor
928:"The secret war,"
776:Ayman Al-Zawahiri
745:Husayn al-Dhahabi
689:
688:
578:by country/region
389:Siddiq Hasan Khan
154:which emerged in
117:
116:
16:(Redirected from
2378:
2356:Sinai insurgency
2209:Syrian civil war
2147:Wathiq al-Battat
2092:Ibrahim al-Banna
2047:Hassan Nasrallah
2017:Saleh Al-Qaraawi
1832:Takfir wal-Hijra
1721:Liwa Zainebiyoun
1581:Jundallah (Iran)
1576:Jund Ansar Allah
1489:Army of Conquest
1447:Al-Qaeda in Iraq
1397:
1396:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1280:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1257:
1251:
1241:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1217:. Archived from
1206:
1200:
1191:
1185:
1175:
1169:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1129:
1120:
1113:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1094:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1047:
1041:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1007:
992:
991:
983:
977:
969:
960:
951:
934:
925:
919:
911:
905:
897:
888:
882:
846:Sinai insurgency
839:Mohammed Bouyeri
681:
674:
667:
655:Islam portal
653:
652:
651:
642:
641:
615:Takfir wal-Hijra
288:
279:
273:
272:
269:
260:
259:
246:Takfir wal-Hijra
242:Takfir wal-Hijra
238:Takfir wal-Hijra
210:Takfir wal-Hijra
172:Takfir wal-Hijra
132:, translation: "
131:
121:Takfir wal-Hijra
101:Preceded by
63:
56:
40:
33:Takfir wal-Hijra
30:
29:
21:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2255:
2224:
2151:
2127:Qais al-Khazali
2057:Muqtada al-Sadr
2042:Osama bin Laden
1917:Anwar al-Awlaki
1876:
1770:
1716:Liwa Fatemiyoun
1676:Saraya al-Jihad
1641:Tawhid al-Jihad
1621:Peace Companies
1388:
1362:
1334:Salafi jihadism
1317:
1307:
1277:
1276:
1266:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1242:
1238:
1230:
1226:
1207:
1203:
1192:
1188:
1176:
1172:
1166:Wayback Machine
1157:
1153:
1146:
1130:
1123:
1114:
1110:
1102:
1098:
1091:
1075:
1071:
1064:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1025:
1023:
1008:
995:
984:
980:
970:
963:
952:
937:
926:
922:
912:
908:
898:
891:
883:
879:
874:
862:
797:Hayder Mili of
749:Daniel Benjamin
737:
728:Baker Institute
709:Al-Azhar Mosque
685:
649:
647:
636:
630:
629:
595:
585:
584:
553:Salafi jihadism
508:
498:
497:
456:
446:
445:
374:
364:
363:
334:Ibn Abd al-Hadi
304:
294:
277:Salafi movement
275:
274:
267:
264:
263:
258:
168:
134:Excommunication
130:اÙتÙÙÙر ÙاÙÙجرة
113:
112:
103:
92:
61:
39:اÙتÙÙÙر ÙاÙÙجرة
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2384:
2374:
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2323:
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2308:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2286:
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2280:
2278:Southeast Asia
2275:
2267:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2232:
2230:
2226:
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2222:
2217:
2212:
2211:(2012âpresent)
2206:
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2195:
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2175:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2157:
2153:
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2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2087:Khalid Batarfi
2084:
2082:Qasim al-Raymi
2079:
2074:
2069:
2067:Shukri Mustafa
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2012:Saeed al-Masri
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1982:Massoud Rajavi
1979:
1974:
1972:Tariq al-Dahab
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1912:Ahmed al-Assir
1909:
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1854:
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1824:
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1802:Ansar ul Islam
1799:
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1648:
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1638:
1636:Tahrir al-Sham
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1586:Khorasan group
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1566:Jaysh al-Islam
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1519:Quwat al-Ridha
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1439:
1437:Al-Nusra Front
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1403:
1401:
1394:
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1325:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1306:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1283:
1275:
1274:
1252:
1248:New York Times
1236:
1224:
1201:
1186:
1170:
1151:
1144:
1121:
1115:Wright, Robin
1108:
1096:
1089:
1069:
1062:
1042:
1033:
993:
978:
961:
935:
920:
906:
889:
876:
875:
873:
870:
869:
868:
861:
858:
831:Laurence Foley
772:Paul Wilkinson
736:
733:
687:
686:
684:
683:
676:
669:
661:
658:
657:
632:
631:
628:
627:
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591:
590:
587:
586:
583:
582:
581:
580:
575:
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560:
555:
550:
545:
543:Sahwa movement
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
509:
504:
503:
500:
499:
496:
495:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
457:
452:
451:
448:
447:
444:
443:
436:
434:Zubair Ali Zai
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
375:
370:
369:
366:
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362:
361:
356:
354:Ismail Dehlavi
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
316:
311:
305:
300:
299:
296:
295:
289:
281:
280:
257:
254:
226:Shukri Mustafa
167:
164:
152:Shukri Mustafa
115:
114:
99:
98:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
74:
68:
67:
64:
58:
57:
49:Shukri Mustafa
46:
42:
41:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2383:
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2216:
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2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2178:IranâIraq War
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2132:Hadi al-Amiri
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
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2088:
2085:
2083:
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2078:
2075:
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2070:
2068:
2065:
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2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2027:Hassan Hattab
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1987:Maryam Rajavi
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1962:Mohammed Atef
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
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1898:
1895:
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1889:
1887:
1883:
1873:
1870:
1868:
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1815:
1813:
1810:
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1805:
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1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1756:Hamas of Iraq
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
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1569:
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1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1546:Islamic State
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1509:Hamas of Iraq
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1499:Baqir Brigade
1497:
1495:
1494:Army of Islam
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1469:Ansar al-Sham
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1422:Ajnad al-Sham
1420:
1418:
1417:Ahrar al-Sham
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1395:
1393:Organisations
1391:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1332:
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1330:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1311:
1304:
1299:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1285:
1284:
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1262:
1256:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1233:
1228:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1205:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1167:
1163:
1160:
1155:
1147:
1145:9780833046796
1141:
1137:
1136:
1128:
1126:
1119:, 1985, p.181
1118:
1112:
1105:
1100:
1092:
1090:9780226508863
1086:
1082:
1081:
1073:
1065:
1063:9780815627746
1059:
1055:
1054:
1046:
1037:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
989:
982:
975:
974:
968:
966:
959:
957:
950:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
932:
929:
924:
917:
916:
910:
903:
902:
896:
894:
886:
881:
877:
867:
864:
863:
857:
855:
851:
847:
842:
840:
836:
835:Theo Van Gogh
832:
827:
825:
821:
817:
813:
808:
805:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
760:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
732:
729:
725:
722:According to
720:
718:
714:
710:
706:
701:
698:
694:
682:
677:
675:
670:
668:
663:
662:
660:
659:
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645:
640:
634:
633:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
600:Al-Nour Party
598:
597:
594:
589:
588:
579:
576:
574:
571:
570:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
510:
507:
502:
501:
494:
493:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
458:
455:
450:
449:
442:
441:
437:
435:
432:
430:
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422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
376:
373:
368:
367:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
310:
309:Ahl al-Hadith
307:
306:
303:
298:
297:
292:
287:
283:
282:
278:
270:
262:
261:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
222:
218:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
194:
189:
188:
183:
182:
177:
173:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
135:
127:
123:
122:
110:
106:
102:
96:
90:
86:
82:
78:
75:
73:
69:
65:
59:
55:
50:
47:
43:
36:
31:
19:
2097:Ahmed Yassin
2062:Saif al-Adel
1831:
1775:North Africa
1666:Mukhtar Army
1601:Levant Front
1341:Pan-Islamism
1265:. Retrieved
1255:
1247:
1239:
1227:
1219:the original
1214:
1204:
1197:
1189:
1173:
1154:
1134:
1116:
1111:
1103:
1099:
1079:
1072:
1052:
1045:
1036:
1024:. Retrieved
1019:
1015:
987:
981:
971:
955:
931:The Guardian
930:
923:
913:
909:
900:
880:
854:Rafah, Egypt
843:
828:
824:Kassem Daher
809:
796:
780:Afghan Arabs
761:
753:Steven Simon
738:
724:Mamoun Fandy
721:
704:
702:
690:
635:
614:
610:People Party
548:Sailaifengye
490:
438:
314:Ibn Taymiyya
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
220:
216:
214:
209:
191:
185:
179:
175:
171:
169:
146:
145:
120:
119:
118:
100:
2200:(2003â2011)
1400:Middle East
1117:Sacred Rage
1026:18 December
812:Bassam Kanj
741:Sayyid Qutb
414:Al-Uthaymin
399:Rashid Rida
359:Al-Shawkani
248:", and not
178:. The word
170:The label "
150:founded by
109:Sayyid Qutb
2300:Categories
2273:South Asia
1351:Khomeinism
1267:5 November
1250:08-02-2011
872:References
814:organised
528:Madkhalism
429:Ibn Jibrin
339:Ibn Muflih
329:Al-Dhahabi
324:Ibn Kathir
2022:Haji Bakr
1514:Hezbollah
1367:Phenomena
1358:Wahhabism
956:Frontline
837:in 2004,
820:civil war
717:apostates
693:bin Laden
568:Wahhabism
424:Al-Fawzan
419:Al-Albani
208:. Thus, "
88:Opponents
2265:Islamism
2263:Part of
2198:Iraq War
1442:Al-Qaeda
1329:Jihadism
1322:Ideology
1162:Archived
860:See also
766:and the
625:al-Qaeda
563:Hazimism
518:Islamism
268:a series
265:Part of
256:Overview
198:Muhammad
142:Islamist
138:anathema
72:Ideology
2371:Mahdism
2229:Related
1885:Leaders
1531:Houthis
1346:Qutbism
1312:in the
1215:Reuters
538:Qutbism
409:Ibn Baz
293:, Qatar
81:Qutbism
77:Takfiri
45:Leaders
2156:Events
1316:region
1142:
1087:
1060:
705:takfir
533:Manhaj
230:takfir
206:Medina
181:takfir
144:group
126:Arabic
111:-wing)
51:
1504:Hamas
757:Mahdi
234:hijra
202:Mecca
193:Hijra
187:kafir
156:Egypt
1269:2013
1140:ISBN
1085:ISBN
1058:ISBN
1028:2015
1022:(13)
990:: 1.
751:and
166:Name
850:RPG
271:on:
221:the
2302::
1246:,
1213:.
1196:,
1180:,
1124:^
1018:.
1014:.
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938:^
892:^
794:.
128::
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1271:.
1148:.
1093:.
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1030:.
1020:4
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124:(
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79:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
