290:(e.g. irrigation and rural services), environmental protection (e.g. pollution reduction, establishing and enforcing regulations), infrastructure (e.g. roads, urban regeneration, and electricity), large industrial construction projects, and governance (e.g. anti-corruption, legal institutions development). The IBRD and IDA provide loans at preferential rates to member countries, as well as grants to the poorest countries. Loans or grants for specific projects are often linked to wider policy changes in the sector or the country's economy as a whole. For example, a loan to improve coastal environmental management may be linked to the development of new environmental institutions at national and local levels and the implementation of new regulations to limit pollution. Furthermore, the World Bank Group is recognized as a leading funder of climate investments in developing countries.
552:
rights that are the same for all countries but there are also additional votes that depend on financial contributions to the organization. The president of the World Bank is nominated by the president of the United States and elected by the bank's Board of
Governors. As of 15 November 2009, the United States held 16.4% of total votes, Japan 7.9%, Germany 4.5%, the United Kingdom 4.3%, and France 4.3%. As changes to the bank's Charter require an 85% supermajority, the U.S. can block any major change in the bank's governing structure. Because the U.S. exerts formal and informal influence over the bank as a result of its vote share, control over the presidency, and the bank's headquarters location in Washington, D.C., friends and allies of the U.S. receive more projects with more lenient terms.
706:. The World Bank published its Management Response to the EIR in September 2004 after extensive discussions with the board of directors. The Management Response did not accept many of the EIR report's conclusions, but the EIR served to alter the World Bank's policies on oil, gas, and mining in important ways, as the World Bank documented in a recent follow-up report. One area of particular controversy concerned the rights of indigenous peoples. Critics point out that the Management Response weakened a key recommendation that indigenous peoples and affected communities should have to provide 'consent for projects to proceed; instead, there would be 'consultation'. Following the EIR process, the World Bank issued a revised Policy on Indigenous Peoples.
787:(1996), Catherine Caufield argues that the assumptions and structure of the World Bank operation ultimately harm developing nations rather than promote them. Caufield first criticizes the highly homogenized and Western recipes of "development" the bank holds. To the World Bank, different nations and regions are indistinguishable and ready to receive the "uniform remedy of development". The danger of this assumption is that to attain even small portions of success, Western approaches to life are adopted and traditional economic structures and values are abandoned. A second assumption is that poor countries cannot modernize without money and advice from abroad.
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29:
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698:(former Environment Minister of Indonesia). Salim held consultations with a wide range of stakeholders in 2002 and 2003. The EIR recommendations were published in January 2004 in a final report, "Striking a Better Balance". The report concluded that fossil fuel and mining projects do not alleviate poverty, and recommended that World Bank involvement with these sectors be phased out by 2008 to be replaced by investment in
3861:
235:. It provided around $ 98.83 billion in loans and assistance to "developing" and transition countries in the 2021 fiscal year. The bank's stated mission is to achieve the twin goals of ending extreme poverty and building shared prosperity. Total lending as of 2015 for the last 10 years through Development Policy Financing was approximately $ 117 billion. Its five organizations are
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The IBRD has 189 member governments, and the other institutions have between 153 and 184. The institutions of the World Bank Group are all run by a board of governors meeting once a year. Each member country appoints a governor, generally its minister of finance. Daily, the World Bank Group is run by
551:
Technically the World Bank is part of the United
Nations system, but its governance structure is different: each institution in the World Bank Group is owned by its member governments, which subscribe to its basic share capital, with votes proportional to shareholding. Membership gives certain voting
431:
The IBRD and three other organizations: India, Mexico, Belize, Jamaica, Dominican
Republic, Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay, Ecuador, Dominica, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Angola, South Africa, Seychelles, Libya, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Bahrain, Qatar,
661:
The managing director of the World Bank is responsible for organizational strategy; budget and strategic planning; information technology; shared services; Corporate
Procurement; General Services and Corporate Security; the Sanctions System; and the Conflict Resolution and Internal Justice System.
806:
Criticism was also expressed towards the IFC and MIGA and their way of evaluating the social and environmental impact of their projects. Critics state that even though IFC and MIGA have more of these standards than the World Bank, they mostly rely on private-sector clients to monitor their
615:
a board of 25 executive directors to whom the governors have delegated certain powers. Each director represents either one country (for the largest countries), or a group of countries. Executive directors are appointed by their respective governments or the constituencies.
841:, would be hired as an analyst in July of that year. On the recording, staff were reportedly told Robert Malpass was a "prince" and an "important little fellow" who could go "running to daddy." Bank officials also believed David Malpass was more influential than then-
790:
Several intellectuals in developing countries have argued that the World Bank is deeply implicated in contemporary modes of donor and NGO-driven imperialism and that its intellectual contribution functions, primarily, to seek to blame the poor for their condition.
2017:
5051:
637:
Traditionally, the bank president has been a U.S. citizen nominated by the president of the United States, the bank's largest shareholder. The nominee is subject to confirmation by the executive directors, to serve a five-year, renewable term.
1475:
904:, that was used to buy high-end security gear, including surveillance equipment. The bank launched an internal investigation in response to the allegation. In August 2020, U.S. lawmakers questioned the continued disbursement of the loan.
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Defenders of the World Bank contend that no country is forced to borrow its money. The bank provides both loans and grants. Even the loans are concessional since they are given to countries that have no access to international
4886:
1759:, "World Bank Group Management Response" to "The World Bank Group and Extractive Industries: The Final Report of the Extractive Industries Review: World Bank Group Management Response",17 September 2004, accessed 30 May 2007.
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1805:
776:"), in the wrong sequence, or in very weak, uncompetitive economies. World Bank loan agreements can also force procurements of goods and services at uncompetitive, non-free-market, prices. Other critical writers, such as
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implementation and miss an independent monitoring institution in this context. This is why an extensive review of the institutions' implementation strategy of social and environmental standards is demanded.
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323:. Commencing operations on 25 June 1946, it approved its first loan on 9 May 1947 (USD 250M to France for postwar reconstruction, in real terms the largest loan the bank has issued to date).
4898:
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482:, the government fled to Taiwan and continued its membership in the WBG until April 16, 1980, when the People's Republic of China replaced the ROC. Since then, it uses the name "
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that are WBG members participate at a minimum in the IBRD. As of May 2016, all of them also participate in some of the other four organizations (IDA, IFC, MIGA, and ICSID).
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848:, who they said "has little or no clue on things." In April 2018, the US Treasury had changed its position to back a $ 13 billion capital infusion for the bank.
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Iran, Malta, Bulgaria, Poland, Russia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Palau, Tonga, Vanuatu, Maldives, Bhutan, Myanmar
1925:
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It is an international organization owned by member governments; although it makes profits, they are used to support continued efforts in poverty reduction.
240:
780:, label the international financial institutions as 'illegal and illegitimate and a cog of coercive American diplomacy in carrying out financial terrorism.
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803:. The World Bank argues that it can help development more through loans than grants because money repaid on the loans can then be lent for other projects.
316:
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The agencies of the World Bank are each governed by their
Articles of Agreement that serves as the legal and institutional foundation for all their work.
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July 1 2014, http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2014/07/01/world-bank-group-commitments-rise-sharply-in-fy14-amid-organizational-change
1324:
604:" generally refers to just the IBRD and IDA, whereas the term "World Bank Group" or "WBG" is used to refer to all five institutions collectively.
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Together with four affiliated agencies created between 1957 and 1988, the IBRD is part of the World Bank Group. The group's headquarters are in
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596:(MIGA), established in 1988, which provides insurance against certain types of risk, including political risk, primarily to the private sector.
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is charged with the investigation of internal fraud and corruption, including complaint intake, investigation, and investigation reports.
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582:(IDA), established in 1960, which provides concessional financing (interest-free loans or grants), usually with sovereign guarantees;
2070:
575:(IFC), established in 1956, which provides various forms of financing without sovereign guarantees, primarily to the private sector;
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is the capacity development branch of the World Bank, providing learning and other capacity-building programs to member countries.
593:
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Christopher
Willoughby, Successively Unit Chief, Division Chief, and Department Director for Operations Evaluation (1970β1976)
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1435:
The World Bank, Press release: "World Bank Group
Commitments Rise Sharply in FY14 Amid Organizational Change",
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69:
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1647:
Clark
Richard and Lindsay Dolan. "Pleasing the Principal: U.S. Influence in World Bank Policymaking." 2021.
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670:. The managing director and World Bank Group chief financial officer is Anshula Kant since 7 October 2019.
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by a range of non-governmental organizations and academics, notably including its former chief economist
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For instance see David Moore's edited book 'The World Bank', University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, 2007
1414:
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The World Bank Group has also been criticized for investing in projects with human rights issues.
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2685:
2640:
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1992:
1067:
5187:
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961:
761:
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5386:
5378:
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842:
777:
764:, and the US and other developed country trade negotiators. Critics argue that the so-called
5217:
878:. There have been numerous killings of Campesinos in the region where Dinant was operating.
5404:
5368:
5363:
5315:
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4295:
3500:
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3168:
2964:
2366:
2316:
1719:
994:
931:
799:. Furthermore, the loans, both to poor and middle-income countries, are below market-value
769:
608:
308:
216:
87:
5136:
International Decade for a
Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World
8:
5105:
3540:
3336:
3286:
3267:
2898:
2798:
2229:
1031:
568:(IBRD), established in 1944, which provides debt financing based on sovereign guarantees;
494:
406:
3921:
1525:
768:
reform policiesβwhich the bank advocates in many casesβin practice are often harmful to
5237:
3618:
3281:
2321:
2215:
2192:
1277:
937:
826:
719:
703:
456:
283:
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5202:
5182:
5067:
4837:
4731:
4669:
4469:
3930:
3463:
3058:
1895:
1025:
589:(ICSID), established in 1965, which works with governments to reduce investment risk;
479:
287:
37:
4803:
4743:
4713:
4089:
3291:
2346:
2331:
1806:"World Bank Operational Manual: Operational Policies: Indigenous Peoples" (Op 4.10)
1187:
1097:
1079:
1043:
970:
949:
699:
545:
530:
422:
228:
220:
1939:
749:
4166:
3510:
3443:
3433:
3296:
2934:
2929:
2356:
2326:
1825:
1787:
1756:
1619:
1589:
1570:
1112:
1073:
1055:
1037:
982:
943:
753:
683:
498:
104:
91:
5428:
1195:
825:, World Bank staff were informed Robert Malpass, a recent economics graduate of
629:
include investment in the private sector and providing insurance, respectively.
525:
286:, in fields such as human development (e.g. education, health), agriculture and
3906:
3836:
3361:
3178:
2944:
2351:
2336:
2311:
2101:
1967:"World Bank staff were told to give special treatment to son of Trump official"
976:
955:
925:
874:(CAO) criticized a loan the bank made to the palm oil company Dinant after the
845:
811:
796:
686:
sectors, the World Bank in July 2001 launched an independent review called the
212:
179:
1449:"2015 Development Policy Financing Retrospective β Results and Sustainability"
5447:
3496:
3448:
3351:
3326:
2939:
2913:
2372:
1695:"Indonesia's president appoints World Bank's Sri Mulyani as finance minister"
1118:
1000:
830:
822:
800:
679:
510:
483:
448:
232:
821:
According to reports citing a recording of a 2018 staff meeting shared by a
714:
5433:
5310:
5170:
4171:
3696:
3491:
2858:
2361:
1371:
1201:
1173:
1140:
Mervyn L. Weiner, First
Director-General, Operations Evaluation (1975β1984)
1085:
988:
514:
464:
149:
1392:
5399:
5213:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Mandela Rules)
3341:
890:
765:
663:
468:
1550:
28:
5300:
4365:
3475:
3471:
3453:
3428:
3316:
2377:
2252:
2125:"Scoop: China tried to get World Bank to fund surveillance in Xinjiang"
1091:
1006:
815:
730:
695:
646:
601:
536:
506:
388:
276:
137:
3236:
1149:
Gregory K. Ingram, Director-General, Operations Evaluation (2002β2005)
662:
The present managing director, Shaolin Yang, assumed the office after
380:
WBG members by the number of organizations in which they participate:
3423:
3356:
1768:
1732:
1652:
1146:
Robert Picciotto, Director-General, Operations Evaluation (1992β2002)
1125:
667:
414:
2209:
1254:
810:
The World Bank was the subject of a scandal with its then-president
190:
4290:
4278:
3550:
3163:
1812:, July 2005, accessed 30 May 2007. Archived version from 7 May 2008
901:
886:
490:
460:
426:
410:
331:
471:, of which Andorra is the only IMF member state did not join WBG.
5208:
Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice
3875:
3504:
440:
418:
2827:
2097:"The World Bank Was Warned About Funding Repression in Xinjiang"
1143:
Yves Rovani, Director-General, Operations Evaluation (1986β1992)
4355:
4273:
4243:
4208:
3346:
1181:
475:
452:
400:
396:
374:
319:
in 1951, responsible for the preparation and evaluation of the
122:
1325:"SBI MD Anshula Kant appointed as MD, CFO of World Bank Group"
885:
in Guatemala while it was under military dictatorship, and to
785:
Masters of Illusion: The World Bank and the Poverty of Nations
4253:
2221:
392:
282:
The activities of the World Bank (the IBRD and IDA) focus on
1993:"World Bank shareholders back $ 13 billion capital increase"
1155:
Caroline Heider, Director-General, Evaluation (2011βpresent)
275:
The first two are sometimes collectively referred to as the
2151:"Lawmakers demand answers from World Bank on Xinjiang loan"
444:
435:
All five WBG organizations: the rest of the 138 WBG members
304:
2990:
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
2289:
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
587:
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
489:
Excluded from the list are the following de facto states:
269:
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
1300:"U.S. Businessman Ajay Banga Approved to Lead World Bank"
835:
Under Secretary of the Treasury for International Affairs
315:(1β22 July 1944). It also provided the foundation of the
964:(1 September 1991 β 4 May 1995) (on leave from February)
2018:"Integrity Vice Presidency - The Investigative Process"
3088:
2045:"Beyond Reform: It's Time to Shut Down the World Bank"
1857:"Microsoft Word - IFI Watch Bangladesh_Vol_1 No_1.doc"
1272:
1270:
1268:
1152:
Vinod Thomas, Director-General, Evaluation (2005β2011)
967:
Ernest Stern (1 February 1995 β 31 May 1995) (Interim)
478:
joined the World Bank on December 27, 1945. After the
2985:
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
2269:
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
1665:"More Chinese at helm of international organisations"
881:
Other controversial investments include loans to the
566:
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
241:
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
5166:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
5116:
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
3174:
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
1769:"Oil, Gas, Mining, and Chemicals" (follow up report)
1163:
3624:
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf
1265:
5489:Non-profit organizations based in Washington, D.C.
5223:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
1126:List of World Bank Directors-General of Evaluation
303:The WBG came into formal existence on 27 December
5359:United Nations Prize in the Field of Human Rights
3645:Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa
694:). The review was headed by an "Eminent Person",
340: Member states of all five WBG organizations
5445:
3593:Customs Union of Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Russia
3577:South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
2148:
2122:
2094:
1796:, No. 373 (November 2004), accessed 30 May 2007.
857:The World Bank's Integrity Vice Presidency (INT)
313:United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference
5333:World Federation of United Nations Associations
4828:Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
889:(then Glamis Gold) for the construction of the
682:of the bank's involvement in the oil, gas, and
673:
3222:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
2123:Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (11 December 2019).
1636:US Blocks Stronger African Voice At World Bank
352: Member states of three WBG organizations
42:The World Bank Group building (Washington, DC)
3891:
3252:
3074:
3038:Central banks and currencies of the Caribbean
2843:
2237:
1923:
346: Member states of four WBG organizations
5228:Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
3048:Central banks and currencies of the Americas
3033:Central banks and currencies of Asia-Pacific
2149:Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (14 August 2020).
2095:Allen-Ebrahimian, Bethany (27 August 2019).
2071:"World Bank Is Criticized for Honduran Loan"
1109:Aart Kraay (March 2020 β June 2020) (Acting)
851:
555:
358: Member states of two WBG organizations
307:following international ratification of the
3572:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership
2036:
1820:
1818:
1583:The United Nations system: Principal Organs
1013:
898:Congressional-Executive Commission on China
520:
5479:United Nations Economic and Social Council
5321:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action
5233:UN Advisory Committee of Local Authorities
3898:
3884:
3259:
3245:
3217:Community of Portuguese Language Countries
3081:
3067:
2850:
2836:
2244:
2230:
2214:
2042:
1468:World bank β structured financial products
997:(1 February 2019 β 8 April 2019) (Interim)
900:questioned the World Bank about a loan in
36:
27:
16:Group making loans to developing countries
1964:
4750:Conference on International Organization
3655:West African Economic and Monetary Union
3005:Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
2284:Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
1815:
1474:. Washington: World bank. 5 April 2016.
725:
713:
594:Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
535:
524:
330:
262:Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
5464:International development organizations
4665:Office international d'hygiène publique
3266:
1887:
1100:(January 2018 β November 2018) (Acting)
750:The World Bank has long been criticized
737:protesters smashed the windows of this
666:resigned to become finance minister of
5446:
4460:Spokesperson for the Secretary-General
3567:Association of Southeast Asian Nations
3387:UN Conference on Trade and Development
3043:Central banks and currencies of Europe
3028:Central banks and currencies of Africa
2878:Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
2068:
1990:
1608:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1429:
1132:World Bank Director-General Evaluation
405:The IBRD and two other organizations:
5374:UN television film series (1964β1966)
5126:International Narcotics Control Board
5057:Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
4845:Declaration on the Rights of Peasants
4816:Convention on the Rights of the Child
4794:Universal Declaration of Human Rights
3879:
3332:Import substitution industrialization
3240:
3062:
2995:International Development Association
2831:
2475:
2274:International Development Association
2225:
2069:Malkin, Elisabeth (10 January 2014).
2043:Mychalejko, Cyril (23 January 2014).
1965:Makortoff, Kalyeena (12 April 2023).
1739:, January 2004, accessed 30 May 2007.
1649:American Journal of Political Science
907:
580:International Development Association
387:The IBRD and one other organization:
248:International Development Association
5198:United Nations Postal Administration
4833:Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues
4552:Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
3860:
3586:Europe, Central Asia, and North Asia
2020:. Web.world bank.org. Archived from
1762:
772:if implemented badly, too quickly ("
656:
641:
364: Member states only of the IBRD
223:in the world and an observer at the
5459:United Nations specialized agencies
4601:Permanent representatives to the UN
4490:Political and Peacebuilding Affairs
3546:Central American Integration System
1940:"Pressure grows on World Bank boss"
1726:
1675:from the original on 3 October 2018
1595:
1481:from the original on 9 October 2022
678:After longstanding criticisms from
540:The World Bank Sign on the building
311:agreements, which emerged from the
219:. It is the largest and best-known
13:
5410:Withdrawal from the United Nations
4596:Security Council Permanent members
3905:
3134:Bank for International Settlements
2873:Bank for International Settlements
1891:Confessions of an Economic Hit Man
1653:https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12531
1395:. United Nations Development Group
14:
5505:
5494:Organizations established in 1945
5395:United Nations in popular culture
5079:Expulsion from the United Nations
5024:General Assembly President (2016)
3409:International Chamber of Commerce
3312:Export-oriented industrialization
3000:International Finance Corporation
2857:
2279:International Finance Corporation
2172:
1837:Globalization and Its Discontents
922:(18 June 1946 β 18 December 1946)
914:President of the World Bank Group
839:President of the World Bank Group
756:, who is equally critical of the
745:neighbourhood of Washington, D.C.
651:President of the World Bank Group
573:International Finance Corporation
560:The World Bank Group consists of
529:The World Bank Group Building in
255:International Finance Corporation
5474:United Nations Development Group
5427:
3859:
3850:
3849:
2813:
2812:
2803:
2802:
2794:
2793:
2551:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1235:Architecture of Washington, D.C.
1194:
1180:
1166:
940:(1 January 1963 β 31 March 1968)
934:(1 July 1949 β 31 December 1962)
718:A young World Bank protester in
503:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
225:United Nations Development Group
172:
4983:International Court of Justice
4532:Sport for Development and Peace
2142:
2116:
2088:
2062:
2010:
1991:Lawder, David (21 April 2018).
1984:
1958:
1932:
1924:Korinna Horta (February 2013).
1917:
1908:
1881:
1849:
1799:
1774:
1742:
1712:
1687:
1657:
1641:
1629:
1576:
1557:
1543:
1518:
1493:
1459:
1441:
1106:(November 2018 β February 2020)
991:(1 July 2012 β 1 February 2019)
227:. The bank is headquartered in
5469:Multilateral development banks
4660:Permanent Court of Arbitration
4655:International Peace Conference
4022:International Court of Justice
3650:Southern African Customs Union
3149:International Seabed Authority
2904:Contractionary monetary policy
2476:
2251:
1407:
1385:
1364:
1342:
1317:
1292:
1247:
1210:Afghanistan and the World Bank
958:(1 July 1986 β 31 August 1991)
928:(17 March 1947 β 30 June 1949)
862:
70:Intergovernmental organization
1:
5193:Sustainable Development Goals
4720:Declaration by United Nations
4645:International Telegraph Union
1501:"Climate Solutions that Work"
1240:
946:(1 April 1968 β 30 June 1981)
690:(EIRβnot to be confused with
632:
326:
5121:International Criminal Court
4557:UN organizations by location
3807:Telecommunications equipment
3612:Middle East and North Africa
3603:European Union Customs Union
3139:International Criminal Court
2909:Expansionary monetary policy
2198:Resources in other libraries
1094:(August 2016 β January 2018)
1082:- (June 2012 β October 2012)
1003:(9 April 2019 β 1 June 2023)
985:(1 July 2007 β 30 June 2012)
979:(1 June 2005 β 30 June 2007)
952:(1 July 1981 β 30 June 1986)
872:Compliance Advisor/Ombudsman
709:
688:Extractive Industries Review
674:Extractive Industries Review
7:
5255:Security Council veto power
4562:Sexual Violence in Conflict
4485:Economic and Social Affairs
4056:Economic and Social Council
3536:Andean Community of Nations
3414:Bilateral investment treaty
3382:International Monetary Fund
3144:International Monetary Fund
3090:International organizations
2975:International Monetary Fund
1749:"Striking a Better Balance"
1733:"Striking a Better Balance"
1551:"Taiwan, China | Data"
1230:Zimbabwe and the World Bank
1225:Honduras and the World Bank
1159:
1104:Pinelopi Koujianou Goldberg
973:(1 June 1995 β 31 May 2005)
758:International Monetary Fund
692:Environmental Impact Report
298:
209:international organizations
10:
5510:
5306:UN Memorial Cemetery Korea
5131:International Day of Peace
4613:General Assembly Observers
3936:General Assembly President
3402:International Trade Centre
3154:World Customs Organization
1129:
1121:(September 2022 β present)
1088:(October 2012 β July 2016)
1020:World Bank Chief Economist
1017:
911:
293:
5484:Banks established in 1945
5423:
5346:
5037:
4959:
4862:
4850:World Heritage Convention
4759:
4738:Dumbarton Oaks Conference
4700:
4637:
4628:
4574:
4448:General Assembly Building
4421:
4304:
4076:
3975:
3957:
3948:
3913:
3845:
3677:Aircraft & Spacecraft
3667:
3632:
3611:
3585:
3559:
3528:
3519:
3462:
3370:
3322:Foreign exchange reserves
3274:
3197:
3159:Inter-Parliamentary Union
3123:
3104:
3015:
2963:
2922:
2891:
2883:Financial Stability Board
2865:
2791:
2482:
2471:
2467:
2386:
2297:
2259:
2193:Resources in your library
1843:Making Globalization Work
1786:30 September 2007 at the
1215:Brazil and the World Bank
876:2009 Honduran coup d'Γ©tat
852:Allegations of corruption
556:World Bank Group agencies
185:
165:
155:
143:
129:
111:
98:
83:
75:
65:
47:
35:
26:
5156:Military Staff Committee
4495:Dag HammarskjΓΆld Library
3998:Deputy Secretary-General
3927:Deputy Secretary-General
3397:World Trade Organization
3189:World Trade Organization
1793:The New Internationalist
1755:13 November 2005 at the
1638:Retrieved 7 August 2007.
1564:FAQ-About The World Bank
1220:China and the World Bank
1014:List of chief economists
883:Chixoy Hydroelectric Dam
649:is the current and 14th
521:Organizational structure
321:World Development Report
102:1818 H Street Northwest,
5327:Woodrow Wilson Memorial
5289:UN International School
5284:UN Federal Credit Union
5265:Security Council reform
5101:Four Nations Initiative
5029:Security Council (2016)
4872:Security Council vetoes
4003:Under-Secretary-General
3598:Eurasian Economic Union
3486:Repeal of the Corn Laws
3212:Commonwealth of Nations
1781:"The Energy Tug of War"
1771:, accessed 30 May 2007.
1626:, accessed 30 May 2007.
1115:(June 2020 β June 2022)
1076:(June 2008 β June 2012)
1009:(2 June 2023 β Present)
5277:Security Council mural
5243:Millennium Declaration
5188:SDG Publishers Compact
4650:Universal Postal Union
3640:East African Community
3521:Regional organizations
2342:Lewis Thompson Preston
1926:"Most relevant review"
1894:. Plume. p. 259.
1888:Perkins, John (2004).
1255:"About the World Bank"
762:US Treasury Department
746:
741:branch located in the
723:
621:The activities of the
541:
533:
366:
207:) is a family of five
53:; 80 years ago
5415:Women in peacekeeping
5074:Drug control treaties
3481:The Wealth of Nations
3439:Special economic zone
3302:Comparative advantage
3023:List of central banks
2955:Sovereign wealth fund
2950:Open market operation
1569:12 March 2013 at the
843:US Treasury Secretary
729:
717:
539:
528:
334:
5369:United Nations Radio
5364:United Nations Medal
5316:University for Peace
5047:Bretton Woods system
4782:governed territories
4527:Developing Countries
4438:Secretariat Building
4307:Specialized agencies
3501:Economic nationalism
3419:Economic integration
3169:New Development Bank
2367:Kristalina Georgieva
2317:Eugene R. Black, Sr.
1831:The Roaring Nineties
1618:11 June 2012 at the
1588:3 March 2016 at the
1350:"Board of Directors"
1068:François Bourguignon
995:Kristalina Georgieva
932:Eugene R. Black, Sr.
770:economic development
609:World Bank Institute
284:developing countries
217:developing countries
88:Economic development
5141:International Years
5106:Genocide Convention
4542:Outer Space Affairs
4537:Disarmament Affairs
4502:Safety and Security
4443:Conference Building
4423:Secretariat offices
4068:Trusteeship Council
3757:Integrated circuits
3541:Caribbean Community
3337:Net capital outflow
3287:Balance of payments
3268:International trade
3198:Cultural IGOs
2899:Capital requirement
2799:Category World Bank
2024:on 10 December 2011
1352:. Web.worldbank.org
1032:Anne Osborn Krueger
407:Antigua and Barbuda
167:Parent organization
23:
5161:Official languages
4708:London Declaration
4517:Internal Oversight
4507:Palestinian Rights
4079:Funds, programmes,
3669:Exports by product
3619:Arab Customs Union
3282:Absolute advantage
2322:George David Woods
2075:The New York Times
1869:on 8 November 2004
1526:"Member Countries"
1415:"Fiscal year data"
1280:. World Bank Group
1278:"Member Countries"
1056:Joseph E. Stiglitz
908:List of presidents
827:Cornell University
747:
724:
542:
534:
367:
335:World Bank Group:
317:Osiander Committee
161:Board of Directors
21:
5441:
5440:
5272:UN Art Collection
5248:Millennium Summit
5203:UN Block By Block
5183:Ralph Bunche Park
5151:UN laissez-passer
5111:UN Global Compact
5068:Delivering as One
4967:Secretary-General
4858:
4857:
4838:Indigenous Caucus
4732:Tehran Conference
4726:Moscow Conference
4701:Preparatory years
4670:League of Nations
4570:
4569:
4470:Palace of Nations
4172:UNEP/GRID-Arendal
3988:Secretary-General
3931:Amina J. Mohammed
3918:Secretary-General
3873:
3872:
3663:
3662:
3633:Subsaharan Africa
3464:Political economy
3234:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3106:Intergovernmental
3056:
3055:
2825:
2824:
2819:Country Relations
2787:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2179:Library resources
2049:Upside Down World
1669:The Straits Times
1026:Hollis B. Chenery
657:Managing director
642:Current president
480:Chinese Civil War
476:Republic of China
384:Only in the IBRD:
288:rural development
197:
196:
5501:
5454:World Bank Group
5434:World portal
5432:
5431:
5338:Biopiracy treaty
4924:Nagorno-Karabakh
4894:Security Council
4877:General Assembly
4804:Human Rights Day
4744:Yalta Conference
4714:Atlantic Charter
4635:
4634:
4591:Founding members
4512:Peace Operations
4396:World Bank Group
4090:Culture of Peace
4081:and other bodies
4034:Security Council
4010:General Assembly
3976:Principal organs
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3922:AntΓ³nio Guterres
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3292:Balance of trade
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3184:World Bank Group
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2980:World Bank Group
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2809:World Bank Group
2806:
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2347:James Wolfensohn
2332:Alden W. Clausen
2261:World Bank Group
2246:
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2222:
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2210:Official website
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2166:
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2008:
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2005:
2003:
1988:
1982:
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1979:
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1962:
1956:
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1953:
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1929:
1921:
1915:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1876:
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1868:
1862:. Archived from
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1853:
1847:
1822:
1813:
1803:
1797:
1778:
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1573:, Worldbank.org.
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1080:Martin Ravallion
1044:Lawrence Summers
971:James Wolfensohn
962:Lewis T. Preston
950:Alden W. Clausen
700:renewable energy
546:Washington, D.C.
531:Washington, D.C.
439:Non-members are
423:Marshall Islands
363:
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1959:
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1947:
1946:. 13 April 2007
1938:
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1823:
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2945:Money creation
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2940:Interest rates
2937:
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2923:Implementation
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2352:Paul Wolfowitz
2349:
2344:
2339:
2337:Barber Conable
2334:
2329:
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2319:
2314:
2312:John J. McCloy
2309:
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2173:External links
2171:
2168:
2167:
2141:
2115:
2102:Foreign Policy
2087:
2061:
2035:
2009:
1983:
1957:
1931:
1916:
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1900:
1880:
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1814:
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1720:"Anshula Kant"
1711:
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1651:65(1): 36-51.
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1130:Main article:
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1062:Nicholas Stern
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1018:Main article:
1015:
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977:Paul Wolfowitz
974:
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956:Barber Conable
953:
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926:John J. McCloy
923:
912:Main article:
909:
906:
864:
861:
853:
850:
846:Steven Mnuchin
814:and his aide,
812:Paul Wolfowitz
801:interest rates
711:
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371:188 UN members
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4578:and observers
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4522:Legal Affairs
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3792:Photovoltaics
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3497:Protectionism
3495:
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3477:
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3470:
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3467:
3465:
3461:
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3450:
3449:Trade barrier
3447:
3445:
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3432:
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3407:
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3390:
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3372:Organizations
3369:
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3353:
3352:Trade justice
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3327:Globalization
3325:
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3124:Non-cultural
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3108:organizations
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3091:
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2973:
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2970:
2968:
2965:Bretton Woods
2962:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2935:Discount rate
2933:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2921:
2915:
2914:Basel Accords
2912:
2910:
2907:
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2900:
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2896:
2894:
2890:
2884:
2881:
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2860:
2859:Central banks
2853:
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2810:
2800:
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2206:
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2103:
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2091:
2076:
2072:
2065:
2050:
2046:
2039:
2023:
2019:
2013:
1998:
1994:
1987:
1972:
1968:
1961:
1945:
1941:
1935:
1927:
1920:
1911:
1903:
1901:0-452-28708-1
1897:
1893:
1892:
1884:
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1852:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1821:
1819:
1811:
1810:worldbank.org
1807:
1802:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1777:
1770:
1765:
1758:
1754:
1750:
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1738:
1737:worldbank.org
1734:
1729:
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1450:
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1330:
1329:antopedia.org
1326:
1320:
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1301:
1295:
1279:
1273:
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1269:
1260:
1259:worldbank.org
1256:
1250:
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1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
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1221:
1218:
1216:
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1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
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1096:
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1084:
1081:
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1075:
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1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1050:Michael Bruno
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1001:David Malpass
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
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981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
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930:
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924:
921:
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915:
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903:
899:
896:In 2019, the
894:
892:
888:
884:
879:
877:
873:
868:
860:
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847:
844:
840:
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832:
831:David Malpass
828:
824:
823:whistleblower
819:
817:
813:
808:
804:
802:
798:
792:
788:
786:
781:
779:
775:
774:shock therapy
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
744:
740:
736:
732:
728:
721:
716:
707:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
680:civil society
671:
669:
665:
654:
652:
648:
639:
630:
628:
624:
619:
616:
612:
610:
605:
603:
595:
591:
588:
584:
581:
577:
574:
570:
567:
563:
562:
561:
553:
549:
547:
538:
532:
527:
518:
516:
512:
511:South Ossetia
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
487:
485:
484:Taiwan, China
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
449:Liechtenstein
446:
442:
434:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
383:
382:
381:
378:
376:
372:
333:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
309:Bretton Woods
306:
291:
289:
285:
280:
278:
270:
266:
263:
259:
256:
252:
249:
245:
242:
238:
237:
236:
234:
233:United States
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
192:
191:worldbank.org
188:
184:
181:
170:
164:
160:
154:
151:
148:
142:
139:
136:
133:
128:
124:
120:
116:
110:
106:
101:
97:
93:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
71:
68:
64:
50:
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39:
34:
30:
25:
19:
5425:
5387:
5379:
5325:
5171:Peacekeeping
5146:Interpreters
5066:
4767:Peacekeeping
4685:organization
4586:Full members
4547:Partnerships
4433:Headquarters
4395:
4155:peacekeeping
3767:Live animals
3747:Gas turbines
3560:Asia-Pacific
3492:Mercantilism
3479:
3391:
3374:and policies
3183:
2979:
2801:
2721:South Africa
2362:Jim Yong Kim
2307:Eugene Meyer
2260:
2183:
2158:. Retrieved
2154:
2144:
2132:. Retrieved
2128:
2118:
2106:. Retrieved
2100:
2090:
2078:. Retrieved
2074:
2064:
2052:. Retrieved
2048:
2038:
2026:. Retrieved
2022:the original
2012:
2000:. Retrieved
1996:
1986:
1974:. Retrieved
1971:The Guardian
1970:
1960:
1948:. Retrieved
1943:
1934:
1919:
1910:
1889:
1883:
1871:. Retrieved
1864:the original
1851:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1809:
1801:
1791:
1776:
1764:
1744:
1736:
1728:
1714:
1702:. Retrieved
1698:
1689:
1677:. Retrieved
1668:
1659:
1648:
1643:
1631:
1624:wordbank.org
1623:
1578:
1559:
1545:
1533:. Retrieved
1529:
1520:
1508:. Retrieved
1504:
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1467:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1431:
1419:. Retrieved
1417:. World Bank
1409:
1397:. Retrieved
1387:
1375:. Retrieved
1366:
1354:. Retrieved
1344:
1332:. Retrieved
1328:
1319:
1307:. Retrieved
1303:
1294:
1282:. Retrieved
1258:
1249:
1202:World portal
1174:Banks portal
1086:Kaushik Basu
989:Jim Yong Kim
920:Eugene Meyer
895:
880:
869:
866:
855:
820:
809:
805:
793:
789:
784:
782:
778:John Perkins
748:
743:Logan Circle
704:clean energy
687:
677:
660:
645:
636:
620:
617:
613:
606:
599:
559:
550:
543:
515:Transnistria
488:
473:
465:Vatican City
438:
379:
368:
302:
281:
274:
204:
200:
198:
150:Anshula Kant
145:MD & CFO
119:UN countries
113:Membership
99:Headquarters
76:Legal status
18:
5400:UNICEF club
5094:Honour Flag
4929:North Korea
4864:Resolutions
4811:Enlargement
3983:Secretariat
3772:Natural gas
3737:Electronics
3732:Electricity
3342:Outsourcing
3275:Terminology
2726:South Korea
2691:Philippines
2486:Afghanistan
1928:. dandc.eu.
1535:10 December
1377:17 February
1372:"UN System"
1070:(2003β2007)
1064:(2000β2003)
1058:(1997β2000)
1052:(1993β1996)
1046:(1991β1993)
1040:(1988β1990)
1034:(1982β1986)
1028:(1972β1982)
891:Marlin Mine
863:Investments
818:, in 2007.
766:free market
722:, Indonesia
664:Sri Mulyani
469:North Korea
369:All of the
94:elimination
48:Established
5448:Categories
5388:Ex Tempore
5380:UN Special
5301:UN Mandate
4760:Activities
4366:UN Tourism
4189:UN-HABITAT
4167:OzonAction
3992:selections
3812:Telephones
3476:Adam Smith
3472:Free trade
3454:Trade bloc
3429:ATA Carnet
3317:Fair trade
2766:Uzbekistan
2736:Tajikistan
2611:Kazakhstan
2541:Costa Rica
2521:Cape Verde
2477:by country
2378:Ajay Banga
2299:Presidents
2253:World Bank
1613:"About Us"
1530:World Bank
1505:World Bank
1485:5 November
1421:7 December
1241:References
1092:Paul Romer
1007:Ajay Banga
837:and later
833:, then US
816:Shaha Riza
731:World Bank
696:Emil Salim
647:Ajay Banga
633:Presidency
602:World Bank
600:The term "
507:Somaliland
389:San Marino
327:Membership
277:World Bank
264:(MIGA) and
211:that make
157:Main organ
138:Ajay Banga
58:1944-07-04
5260:UN reform
5062:Criticism
4960:Elections
4934:Palestine
4821:committee
4229:UN-Oceans
4177:UNEP-WCMC
4061:President
4049:President
4039:Elections
4015:President
3950:UN System
3707:Computers
3692:Car parts
3687:Aluminium
3424:Incoterms
3357:Trade war
2731:Sri Lanka
2716:Singapore
2666:Nicaragua
2591:Indonesia
2571:Guatemala
2496:Australia
2491:Argentina
2387:Elections
2160:14 August
2134:14 August
2108:28 August
1704:3 October
1679:3 October
1304:scroll.in
710:Criticism
668:Indonesia
457:Palestine
415:Venezuela
231:, in the
132:President
5405:Model UN
5390:magazine
5382:magazine
5311:UN Sacco
4799:drafting
4777:timeline
4772:missions
4675:archives
4291:UN Women
4279:UNU-CRIS
4130:UNCITRAL
3967:Preamble
3855:Category
3827:Vehicles
3817:Textiles
3762:Iron ore
3727:Diamonds
3551:Mercosur
3529:Americas
3164:Interpol
2892:Policies
2776:Zimbabwe
2741:Tanzania
2681:Paraguay
2651:Mongolia
2636:Maldives
2631:Malaysia
2581:Honduras
2561:Ethiopia
2556:Djibouti
2536:Colombia
2516:Cambodia
2506:Botswana
2369:(acting)
2002:12 April
1976:12 April
1944:BBC News
1784:Archived
1753:Archived
1699:The Star
1673:Archived
1616:Archived
1586:Archived
1567:Archived
1476:Archived
1160:See also
887:Goldcorp
739:PNC Bank
491:Abkhazia
461:Holy See
427:Kiribati
411:Suriname
299:Founding
271:(ICSID).
5354:Outline
5039:Related
4919:Lebanon
4690:members
4680:charter
4630:History
4576:Members
4475:Nairobi
4110:MINURSO
4044:Members
4027:Statute
3959:Charter
3865:Commons
3742:Engines
3505:Autarky
2817:
2771:Vietnam
2761:Uruguay
2756:Ukraine
2706:Senegal
2671:Nigeria
2661:Myanmar
2656:Morocco
2626:Lebanon
2601:Jamaica
2596:Ireland
2546:Croatia
2501:Belarus
2080:5 April
2054:5 April
1997:Reuters
1950:29 June
1334:13 July
1309:19 June
720:Jakarta
495:Artsakh
441:Andorra
419:Namibia
294:History
243:(IBRD),
186:Website
92:poverty
84:Purpose
56: (
5238:UN Day
5176:Canada
5052:CCISUA
4914:Israel
4899:Cyprus
4752:(1945)
4746:(1945)
4740:(1944)
4734:(1943)
4728:(1943)
4722:(1942)
4716:(1941)
4710:(1941)
4480:Vienna
4465:Geneva
4356:UNESCO
4274:UNU-OP
4249:UNRISD
4244:UNOSAT
4224:UNITAR
4219:UNIDIR
4214:UNICRI
4209:UNICEF
4125:UNCTAD
4115:UNAIDS
3822:Trucks
3782:Petrol
3722:Cotton
3712:Copper
3702:Coffee
3347:Tariff
3110:
3092:
2967:system
2866:Global
2807:
2751:Uganda
2746:Turkey
2711:Serbia
2701:Russia
2696:Poland
2676:Panama
2646:Mexico
2566:France
2511:Brazil
2181:about
2028:27 May
1898:
1873:31 May
1840:, and
1510:26 May
1399:27 May
1356:31 May
1284:3 June
760:, the
684:mining
513:, and
501:, the
459:, the
453:Monaco
401:Brunei
397:Tuvalu
375:Kosovo
362:
356:
350:
344:
338:
257:(IFC),
250:(IDA),
177:
123:Kosovo
107:, U.S.
79:Treaty
5347:Other
5294:Hanoi
5084:FICSA
4949:Yemen
4939:Syria
4787:UNPOL
4361:UNIDO
4264:UNSSC
4259:UNSDG
4254:UNRWA
4239:UNOPS
4234:UNODC
4204:UNHRC
4199:UNHCR
4194:OHCHR
4184:UNFPA
4150:UNDPO
4140:UNDGC
4135:UNCDF
3832:Wheat
3802:Steel
3797:Ships
3016:Lists
2616:Kenya
2606:Japan
2586:India
2576:Haiti
2531:China
2526:Chile
2155:Axios
2129:Axios
1867:(PDF)
1860:(PDF)
1479:(PDF)
1472:(PDF)
393:Nauru
5089:Flag
5017:2011
5012:2014
5007:2017
5002:2020
4997:2021
4992:2022
4987:2023
4977:2016
4972:2021
4909:Iraq
4904:Iran
4887:67th
4882:66th
4606:list
4401:IBRD
4386:WIPO
4376:WFEO
4326:IFAD
4321:ICAO
4162:UNEP
4145:UNDP
4120:SCSL
4105:IAEA
4100:IPCC
3837:Wine
3752:Gold
3717:Corn
3697:Coal
3202:list
3126:IGOs
3114:list
3096:list
2686:Peru
2641:Mali
2621:Laos
2459:2019
2454:2017
2449:2012
2444:2007
2439:2005
2434:1995
2429:1991
2424:1986
2419:1981
2414:1968
2409:1963
2404:1949
2399:1947
2394:1946
2162:2020
2136:2020
2110:2019
2082:2014
2056:2014
2030:2012
2004:2023
1978:2023
1952:2022
1896:ISBN
1875:2010
1824:See
1706:2018
1681:2018
1537:2019
1512:2024
1487:2018
1423:2021
1401:2012
1379:2024
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