2079:
131:
2073:
856:
995:
1003:
36:
767:, Queipul and Catrihuala decided to form an alliance. The Huilliche Rebellion of 1792 ensued, beginning with the pillaging of haciendas and missions, and with the ultimate aim of attacking Valdivia, which despite being well defended from the north and west, seemed vulnerable to a land attack from the southeast.
1270:"Noticia de las principales expediciones hechas por nuestras pilotos del Departamiento de San Blas al reconocimiento de la costa noroeste de America, desde el año de 1774 hasta el 1791, extractada de los diarios originales de aquellos navegantes", Novo y Colson, Viaje, p.428; cited in Warren L. Cook,
665:
A short time later, on 14 October 1788, Malaspina was informed of the government's acceptance of his plan. José de
Espinoza y Tello, one of the officers of the Malaspina expedition, subsequently confirmed the importance of the information sent by O'Higgins in stimulating the Government to initiate an
474:
mountains separating
Argentina and Chile during the winter of 1763–64, O'Higgins conceived the idea of a chain of weatherproof shelters. By 1766, thanks to O'Higgins' efficient execution of this plan, Chile enjoyed all-year overland postal service with Argentina, which had previously been cut off for
602:
He focused on developing the resources of the country, with an enlightened policy that accomplished much for
Spanish interest, but also paved the way for later events in the country's history. He improved communications and trade with other Spanish colonies, based on a growing agricultural base. He
1274:
New Haven and London, Yale
University Press, 1973, p.115, and in Robert J. King, "Ambrose Higgins and the Malaspina Expedition", presented at the International Conference of the Association of Iberian and Latin American Studies of Australasia (AILASA 99), La Trobe University, Melbourne, July 1999.
716:
to the north, and to request intervention by the
Governor of Valdivia, Mariano Pusterla. The latter had good relations with the Huilliches of Río Bueno and Ranco because of his support for peaceful contact coupled with a religious mission, and refused to establish any new fort in the territory. On
910:(son of Roger O'Higgins, of Ballynary, County Sligo, and wife Margaret Brehan), and wife and cousin Margaret O'Higgins (daughter of William O'Higgins and wife Winnifred O'Fallon). Charles O'Higgins' grandfather, Sean Duff O'Higgins, held the Gaelic territorial title of
638:, in the course of a commercial circumnavigation of the world on behalf of the Royal Philippines Company. O'Higgins was military governor there at the time, and six months before had recommended that Spain organize an expedition to the Pacific similar to those led by
1419:. Coleccion de historiadores de Chile y documentos relativos a la historia nacional (in Spanish). Vol. IX (Instituto Chileno de Cultura Hispánica, Academia Chilena de la Historia ed.). Santiago, Chile: Imprenta de La Estrella de Chile. p. 483.
1055:
from 1818 to 1823 when he was forced to resign and go into exile with his mother, sister and son
Demetrio O'Higgins in Peru. Demetrio, who visited his relatives in Summerhill in 1862, had no sons and consequently all his descendants are in the female line.
1294:
Pedro
Normande to Floridablanca, St. Petersburg, 16 February 1787, Archivo Histórico Nacional (Madrid), Estado, legajo 4289; copy held at Library of Congress Manuscripts Division, Foreign Copying Project Reproductions; quoted in Anthony H. Hull,
842:
independence of the
Mapuche-controlled lands. The treaty celebrations were held from 4 March to 7 March, with many banquets of wine and meat being held for the numerous participants. The whole treaty cost 10.897 pesos, which was, according to
446:, where he tried some commercial ventures. From there, O'Higgins proposed to open easy communication between Chile and Mendoza by a way over the Andes, and, his proposition being accepted, he was employed to supervise the project.
882:
and constructing a fort in Pisco. He projected and constructed a new carriage-road from Lima to Callao, and his principal attention during his short administration was directed to the improvement of means of communication.
1036:. Two years later, Isabel married Félix Rodríguez with whom she had a daughter, Rosa Rodríguez Riquelme. Though Ambrosio O'Higgins never saw or officially recognised his son as his legal heir, he paid for his education in
1024:
women without authorization of the crown. To disregard this law was to risk career and position. It is not known why he did not seek permission, but no marriage ensued even when Isabel became pregnant.
1243:
Paredes C., Mario; Becerra V., Viviana; Donosos Ñ., Gabriel (2021). "Historia de la producción de arroz en Chile. 1920-2020". In
Paredes C., Mario; Becerra V., Viviana; Donosos Ñ., Gabriel (eds.).
974:
family. Their descendants remain in
Summerhill however; Bridget O'Higgins who died in 1947 was the last in Summerhill to carry the family name as others had emigrated to the US and migrated to
782:
as suspected rebels. After that, the Spaniards considered it appropriate to enter into a new treaty with the Huilliche leaders, and a conference with this object was held in Las Canoas, in
555:
As governor of Chile, one of the most troublesome, poor, and remote of Spanish outposts, O'Higgins was extremely active, promoting the construction of a definitive road between the capital
567:
in Santiago, improved roads, and erected permanent dikes along the banks of the Mapocho river which regularly flooded Santiago. He founded cities including San Ambrosio de Ballenary, now
724:
was signed between Huilliche chiefs and colonial authorities. This treaty averted invasion from Chiloé, and gave the Huilliches of Osorno support from the Valdivia authorities against
770:
Despite the limited extent of this rebellion, which never became a real threat to Valdivia, the Spanish authorities responded to it with rigour. Governor O'Higgins chose Captain
1018:, almost forty years his junior (she was 18 or 19 at the time, while he was 57 years old). He promised marriage, but colonial law forbade marriage between public officials and
54:
2078:
1912:
512:
Indians, whom he defeated, recovered big swathes of territory that had been lost by the Spaniards and founding the fort of San Carlos in the south of the province of
674:) to the North Pacific under the command of Grigori I. Mulovsky that had as one of its objectives the claiming of territory on the northwest coast of America around
1852:
721:
539:(a title in the peerage of Spain, and not to be confused with the family's existing Gaelic title), and promoted him to major-general. Soon afterward he became
427:
1727:
614:
cultivation in Chile during his rule between 1788 and 1796. Rice cultivation in Chile did however only began more than a century after his rule around 1920.
1957:
1952:
878:
When war was declared between Britain and Spain in 1797, O'Higgins took active measures for the defense of the coast, strengthening the fortifications of
1982:
1257:
Archivo Histórico Nacional (Madrid), Estado, legajo 4289. Also at Archivo Nacional de Chile, Fondo Vicuña Mackenna, vol.304, D, ff. 5–26. Published in
1118:
Ambrosio O'Higgins , primer Marqués de Osorno, primer Marqués de Vallenar, primer Barón de Ballinar, Virrey del Perú, caballero de la orden de Santiago
1697:
1064:
There are various towns, bays, and other Spanish discoveries in the Americas which were named after his birthplace during his time as Viceroy, such as
240:
607:
system whereby natives were forced to work the land for the crown, an act reinforced by royal decree in 1791. He was made lieutenant-general in 1794.
2052:
717:
the other hand, the Governor of Chiloé, Francisco Hurtado, supported a hard line against the Huilliches and threatened them with military invasion.
2178:
639:
1947:
2027:
666:
extensive program of exploration in the Pacific. The prompt acceptance of O'Higgins's and Malaspina's proposal was also stimulated by news from
2168:
1867:
2158:
2017:
1892:
2007:
397:, Ireland. He was the son of Charles O'Higgins and his wife (and kinswoman) Margaret O'Higgins, who were forced off their lands in 1654 by
2163:
939:
who migrated to Sligo in the 12th century. As Gaelic nobles they had owned great expanses of land particularly in the Irish counties of
2143:
434:
in 1756. Once there, and for some time, he was an itinerant trader in Venezuela, New Granada, and Peru, but, being investigated by
508:
In 1770 the Governor of Chile appointed him, now in his late forties, captain of a column of cavalry to resist the attacks of the
2032:
1772:
1690:
1977:
17:
1842:
1937:
2173:
2047:
1897:
1877:
1827:
1626:
544:
540:
2113:
2108:
1942:
1446:
2138:
2123:
1683:
1400:
1221:[Chile in the macrocircuit of yerba mate. Boom and fall of a typical product of the American Southern Cone].
759:. However, abuses in this settlement and a fast advance of new haciendas made several chiefs change their minds. The
72:
1279:
1052:
704:
and Valdivia. This caused alarm among the Huilliche of the plains of Osorno, who decided to ally with the Huilliche
1917:
1837:
1247:. Colección Libros INIA - Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (in Spanish). Vol. 40. pp. 314–379.
1857:
956:
1902:
1862:
1531:
875:(Mexico) in the Spanish empire, the Viceroyship was one of the most prominent posts in all of Spanish America.
1601:
1085:
827:
513:
200:
2002:
1992:
1326:
O’Rorke, T. (1889) "The History of Sligo Town and County Vol. II – Conclusion" (Dublin: Duffy & Company).
925:
786:, in 1793. While in the treaty of Río Bueno the Spanish had been allowed to form haciendas only north of the
736:
and to allow Spaniards to reoccupy Osorno, a city that had been abandoned in 1602. In 1792 O'Higgins rebuilt
2042:
822:
with the aim of ratifying and renewing the older Treaty of Lonquilmo from 1783. Copying older treaties, the
2148:
2133:
1817:
1525:
1410:
1198:
Donoso, Ricardo. (1941) "El Marqués de Osorno, Don Ambrosio Higgins" (Santiago: University of Chile Press).
815:
805:
1797:
1787:
891:
46:
2072:
2062:
2012:
1637:
1570:
1414:
264:
1972:
1887:
1782:
1313:
1219:"Chile en el macrocircuito de la yerba mate. Auge y caída de un producto típico del Cono Sur americano"
1045:
693:
687:
487:
366:
1927:
1509:
886:
He died suddenly after a short illness in 1801, and was interred in the Iglesia de San Pablo, now the
2153:
2118:
2037:
1847:
1358:
Barbier, Jacques A. "Tradition and Reform in Bourbon Chile: Ambrosio O'Higgins and Public Finances."
1218:
516:. He proved a generous victor, gaining the good-will of the Indians by his humanity and benevolence.
1922:
2128:
1987:
1962:
1747:
1590:
1582:
963:
872:
809:
402:
188:
143:
1757:
1802:
1706:
1559:
1019:
520:
285:
207:
1336:
Place Names in Revillagigedo and Gravina Islands: Spanish and Irish heritage of Southeast Alaska
647:
1932:
1807:
948:
902:
Archives in Spain and Ireland show that Ambrose O'Higgins was the son of Charles O'Higgins, of
1335:
588:
2098:
1997:
1872:
1832:
1822:
1732:
1722:
1618:
1551:
1515:
1029:
986:
cemeteries, both within the boundaries of the Roman Catholic parish of Dangan in Summerhill.
374:
323:
252:
1471:
659:
2103:
627:
564:
532:
491:
1967:
771:
635:
584:
528:
8:
1762:
1041:
745:
671:
462:. He was directly responsible for the establishment of a reliable postal service between
435:
386:
351:
313:
228:
164:
2022:
764:
1752:
1742:
1386:
936:
844:
819:
293:
113:
1882:
439:
1777:
1767:
1737:
1717:
1442:
1396:
1010:
In 1777, Ambrosio O'Higgins became acquainted with the powerful Riquelme family from
650:
to Concepcion in March 1786, and he presumably discussed it with Malaspina while the
455:
362:
121:
1524:
1508:
1133:
1011:
1812:
1792:
1646:
1299:
University of Alabama PhD thesis, UMI microfilm, pp. 113–7; and in Warren L. Cook,
1110:
887:
733:
580:
563:(part of the layout of which is still in use today), continued the building of the
524:
502:
416:
130:
1907:
1460:
1390:
1283:
1115:
1015:
952:
864:
662:, a proposal for an expedition along the lines set out in O'Higgins' memorandum.
556:
483:
431:
398:
176:
1479:(in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Imprenta Elzeviriana. pp. 165–166 of 1, 006.
1367:
796:
frontier, the Spaniards now acquired the right to set up haciendas south of it.
2057:
1033:
971:
917:
775:
667:
592:
523:
promoted him to colonel. He soon rose to be brigadier, and in 1786 the viceroy
412:
358:
347:
1245:
100 años del cultivo del arroz en Chile en un contexto internacional 1920-2020
729:
482:, another Irish engineer at the service of Spain who was military governor of
411:. Along with other members of his family Ambrose worked in the service of the
2092:
823:
783:
737:
596:
486:, convinced him to move to the neighbouring, and less established, colony of
572:
560:
1675:
967:
962:
Due to this encroachment into their land, the O'Higgins family migrated to
907:
778:
and croplands near his marching route, and arrested a large number of male
675:
495:
479:
394:
289:
86:
1465:(in Spanish). Vol. IV. Paris, France: En casa del autor. p. 506.
1297:
Spanish and Russian Rivalry in the North Pacific Regions of the New World,
970:, where they became lowly tenant farmers and worked in the service of the
855:
1456:
1276:
847:, an enormous amount of money, considering the size of Chile's treasury.
787:
756:
709:
1416:
Descripción Histórica y Geografía del Reino de Chile Vol. II (1626–1787)
1438:
1223:
Rivar: Revista Iberoamericana de Viticultura, Agroindustria y Ruralidad
921:
713:
705:
643:
631:
611:
604:
509:
701:
373:
of Peru (1796–1801). He was the father of Chilean independence leader
944:
903:
779:
697:
443:
390:
1028:
Isabel gave birth to Ambrosio's only son, Bernardo, in August 1778.
646:. O'Higgins had made this recommendation following the visit of the
430:. As an Irishman and a Catholic, he was able to emigrate legally to
1435:
Paisanos: The Forgotten Irish Who Changed the Face of Latin America
1428:(in Spanish). Santiago, Chile: Imprenta de la Universidad de Chile.
1065:
839:
792:
752:
568:
505:
were built in the 1760s to secure communications across the Andes.
463:
459:
350:), was an Irish-Spanish colonial administrator and a member of the
725:
454:
About 1760, O'Higgins enrolled in the Spanish Imperial Service as
423:
1301:
Flood Tide of Empire: Spain and the Pacific Northwest, 1543 1819,
1037:
994:
979:
929:
835:
831:
760:
576:
370:
90:
696:, and Ambrosio O'Higgins had been ordered to open a route over
1160:
The National Genealogical Office (Dublin), MS 165. pp. 396–399.
1124:
Santiago, Publicaciones de la Universidad de Chile, 1942 p.53).
1090:
1073:
1072:, later Hispanicized to Vallenar) in Chile and Vallenar Bay in
975:
912:
879:
519:
He rose quickly in the ranks. On 7 September 1777, the viceroy
426:, where he dedicated himself to commerce as an employee of the
336:
Ambrosio Bernardo O'Higgins y O'Higgins, 1st Marquess of Osorno
1485:
1242:
501:
Following the designs of O'Higgins the mountain huts known as
983:
940:
732:. At that point the Huilliches offered to facilitate the new
471:
467:
531:. In 1788, in return for his efforts in South America, King
490:
as his assistant. He was initially commissioned as a junior
1395:(in Spanish). Vol. VI. Santiago, Chile: Rafael Jover.
1002:
959:
ca. 1654, the O'Higgins' lands became smaller and smaller.
955:, and the deportation of tenants to County Sligo after the
868:
571:(1789); Villa de San Francisco de Borja de Combarbalá, now
309:
658:
return to Spain, Malaspina produced, in partnership with
830:, while the possession of the land was reserved for the
871:
and Chile. As Peru was the second richest colony after
751:
The treaty also allowed Spaniards to settle and form
389:, Ambrose was born at his family's ancestral seat in
1409:
1032:
would later lead Chile to its independence from the
2090:
1462:Historia física y política de Chile (1749–1808)
916:or Lord of Ballinary, and he was married to an
97: and the second or maternal family name is
1303:New Haven, Yale University Press, 1973, p.116.
1216:
670:of preparations for a Russian expedition (the
595:(1794), and Villa Reina Luisa del Parral, now
591:(1794); Villa de San Ambrosio de Linares, now
1691:
1217:Jeffs Munizaga, José Gabriel (6 March 2017).
1040:and left him a portion of his possessions in
681:
610:O'Higgins was an early proponent of rice and
401:and became tenant farmers at Clondoogan near
1705:
1385:
1372:Dictionary of Irish Latin American Biography
1351:Clissold, Stephen. "The O'Higgins of Chile"
1171:The History of Sligo Town and County Vol. II
1144:Stephen Clissold, "The O'Higgins of Chile"
678:that was also claimed at the time by Spain.
1238:
1236:
1173:– Conclusion (Dublin: Duffy & Company).
1122:El Marqués de Osorno: Don Ambrosio Higgins,
774:to lead the reprisal. Figueroa set fire to
640:Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse
1698:
1684:
1426:El Marqués de Osorno, Don Ambrosio Higgins
1355:(June 1957) 7#6 pp396–403; father and son.
1148:(June 1957) 7#6 pp396-403; father and son.
838:sovereignty of the King of Spain but in a
470:. On his first harrowing journey over the
129:
1483:
73:Learn how and when to remove this message
1473:Diccionario Biográfico Colonial de Chile
1259:Revista chilena de historia y geografía,
1233:
1181:
1179:
1001:
993:
935:The O'Higgins family were a sept of the
854:
2179:18th-century Spanish military personnel
1432:
1210:
1156:
1154:
617:
575:(1789); Villa San Rafael de Rozas, now
550:
14:
2091:
1469:
1423:
1413:(1875). Miguel Luis Amunategui (ed.).
1014:, and fell in love with the daughter,
978:. The O'Higgins graves are located in
826:was confirmed as the sovereign of the
814:The same year, 1793, a new parliament
799:
2169:18th-century Irish military personnel
1679:
1176:
850:
790:, establishing that watercourse as a
579:(1789); Santa Rosa de los Andes, now
156:24 July 1796 – 18 March 1801
2159:Military personnel from County Sligo
1151:
466:colony and the General Captaincy of
29:
27:Irish-Spanish colonial administrator
1455:
24:
2164:Irish soldiers in the Spanish Army
1365:
49:for Sloppy English needs attention
25:
2190:
1510:"Ambrose Bernard O'Higgins"
1501:
920:, daughter of the Royal House of
863:In 1796, O'Higgins was appointed
654:was at Concepcion. Following the
2077:
2071:
1486:"The O'Higgins Clan Association"
1051:Bernardo O'Higgins led Chile as
692:In 1784 the Governor of Chiloé,
34:
2144:Spanish people of Irish descent
1329:
1320:
1306:
1288:
1264:
1251:
957:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
338:(c. 1720 – 19 March 1801) born
220:May 1788 – 16 May 1796
1532:New International Encyclopedia
1201:
1192:
1163:
1138:
1127:
1103:
989:
740:, and as a reward was created
622:In February 1787, the frigate
422:In 1751, O'Higgins arrived at
13:
1:
1470:Medina, José Toribio (1906).
1411:Carvallo y Goyeneche, Vicente
405:
380:
365:(i.e., military governor) of
897:
806:Parliament of Negrete (1793)
475:several months each winter.
89:, the first or paternal
7:
2174:Engineers from County Sligo
1526:"O'Higgins, Ambrosio"
1086:Juan Albano Pereira Márquez
1079:
949:expropriations of Catholics
527:appointed him Intendant of
449:
10:
2195:
1344:
1314:Annals of the Four Masters
803:
694:Francisco Hurtado del Pino
688:Huilliche uprising of 1792
685:
682:Huilliche uprising of 1792
587:(1792); Nueva Bilbao, now
241:The Count of Floridablanca
84:
2114:19th-century Irish people
2109:18th-century Irish people
2069:
1713:
1664:
1657:
1652:
1645:
1633:
1624:
1614:
1609:
1597:
1588:
1578:
1566:
1557:
1547:
1542:
1392:Historia Jeneral de Chile
1261:no.107, 1946, pp.387–401.
1070:San Ambrosio de Ballenary
1059:
867:, comprising present-day
344:Ambrós Bearnárd Ó hUiginn
340:Ambrose Bernard O'Higgins
329:
319:
299:
279:
274:
270:
258:
246:
234:
224:
213:
206:
194:
182:
170:
160:
149:
141:
137:
128:
111:
2139:Irish military engineers
2124:Royal governors of Chile
1707:Royal Governors of Chile
1627:Captain General of Chile
1583:Francisco Gil de Taboada
1424:Donoso, Ricardo (1941).
1096:
810:Parliament of Las Canoas
712:valley and those around
403:Summerhill, County Meath
189:Francisco Gil de Taboada
1903:Henríquez de Villalobos
1560:Royal Governor of Chile
1185:Ibañez Vergara, Jorge.
442:Colony, in present-day
208:Royal Governor of Chile
18:Ambrosio O'Higgins
1114:
1007:
999:
860:
834:, which resulted in a
742:1st Marquess of Osorno
118:The Marquess of Osorno
2043:Rodríguez Ballesteros
1938:Sánchez de la Barreda
1619:Ambrosio de Benavides
1552:Ambrosio de Benavides
1516:Catholic Encyclopedia
1433:Fanning, Tim (2016).
1362:34.3 (1978): 381-399.
1272:Flood Tide of Empire,
1005:
997:
932:until the year 1000.
859:Memorial plaque, Lima
858:
728:by the Aillarehue of
720:In February 1789 the
626:under the command of
537:1st Barón de Ballinar
253:Ambrosio de Benavides
1843:Fernández de Córdoba
928:Castle, which ruled
892:Iglesia de San Pedro
648:Lapérouse expedition
628:Alessandro Malaspina
618:Malaspina Expedition
565:Palacio de la Moneda
551:As Governor of Chile
533:Charles III of Spain
428:Butler Trading House
2149:Marquesses of Spain
2134:Immigrants to Spain
1659:Marquess of Osorno
1543:Government offices
1484:O'Higgins, Thomas.
1387:Barros Arana, Diego
1368:"Ambrose O'Higgins"
1169:O’Rorke, T. (1889)
816:was held in Negrete
800:Parliaments of 1793
722:Treaty of Río Bueno
672:Mulovsky expedition
2003:Álvarez de Acevedo
1993:Álvarez de Acevedo
1803:Merlo de la Fuente
1728:Hurtado de Mendoza
1282:2010-08-19 at the
1187:Demetrio O'Higgins
1134:irishargentine.org
1068:(originally named
1030:Bernardo O'Higgins
1008:
1006:Bernardo O'Higgins
1000:
861:
851:As Viceroy of Peru
845:Diego Barros Arana
700:territory between
660:José de Bustamante
535:created O'Higgins
375:Bernardo O'Higgins
324:Bernardo O'Higgins
114:The Most Excellent
53:You can assist by
2086:
2085:
1674:
1673:
1665:Succeeded by
1634:Succeeded by
1610:Military offices
1598:Succeeded by
1567:Succeeded by
1366:Murray, Edmundo.
1317:, Books IV and V.
1120:(Ricardo Donoso,
820:northern frontier
772:Tomás de Figueroa
585:San José de Maipo
545:Governor of Chile
333:
332:
307:(aged 80–81)
83:
82:
75:
16:(Redirected from
2186:
2154:Spanish generals
2119:Viceroys of Peru
2081:
2075:
1948:Manso de Velasco
1898:González Montero
1878:González Montero
1748:Bravo de Saravia
1700:
1693:
1686:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1647:Spanish nobility
1640:
1621:
1615:Preceded by
1604:
1602:Manuel Arredondo
1585:
1579:Preceded by
1573:
1554:
1548:Preceded by
1540:
1539:
1536:
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2099:1720s births
1658:
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1489:. Retrieved
1472:
1461:
1457:Gay, Claudio
1434:
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1391:
1375:. Retrieved
1371:
1360:The Americas
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968:County Meath
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908:County Sligo
901:
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763:Tangol from
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676:Nootka Sound
664:
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601:
589:Constitución
554:
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500:
496:Spanish army
480:John Garland
477:
453:
421:
395:County Sligo
384:
356:
343:
339:
335:
334:
305:(1801-03-19)
290:County Sligo
260:Succeeded by
215:
196:Succeeded by
151:
106:
101:
98:
94:
87:Spanish name
69:
60:
47:copy editing
45:may require
44:
2104:1801 deaths
1828:De la Cerda
1808:Jaraquemada
1738:P. Villagra
1733:F. Villagra
1723:F. Villagra
990:Descendants
926:Ballintober
788:Bueno River
757:Bueno River
734:Camino Real
730:Quilacahuín
710:Bueno River
706:Aillarehues
456:draughtsman
409: 1721
248:Preceded by
184:Preceded by
2093:Categories
1818:Talaverano
1662:1792–1801
1631:1788–1796
1595:1796–1801
1564:1788–1796
1491:15 October
1439:Gill Books
1437:. Dublin:
1377:15 October
1277:web.viu.ca
964:Summerhill
780:Huilliches
746:Charles IV
714:Lake Ranco
644:James Cook
636:Concepcion
632:Talcahuano
630:called at
612:sugar cane
605:encomienda
573:Combarbalá
561:Valparaíso
529:Concepción
510:Araucanian
415:family of
381:Early life
229:Charles IV
165:Charles IV
55:editing it
2008:O'Higgins
1998:Benavides
1978:Balmaseda
1943:Salamanca
1763:Sotomayor
1654:New title
1109:In full,
945:Westmeath
904:Ballynary
898:Genealogy
873:New Spain
828:Araucanía
765:Río Bueno
753:haciendas
748:in 1796.
698:Huilliche
581:Los Andes
492:subaltern
478:In 1764,
458:and then
444:Argentina
391:Ballynary
286:Ballynary
216:In office
152:In office
102:O'Higgins
95:O'Higgins
2023:Del Pino
1988:Jáuregui
1968:Berroeta
1863:Figueroa
1783:Quiñones
1778:Viscarra
1768:Viscarra
1718:Valdivia
1668:Abeyance
1459:(1848).
1389:(1886).
1280:Archived
1080:See also
1066:Vallenar
894:, Lima.
840:de facto
832:Mapuches
793:de facto
761:caciques
744:by King
656:Astrea's
599:(1795).
583:(1791);
569:Vallenar
557:Santiago
484:Valdivia
464:La Plata
460:engineer
450:In Chile
440:La Plata
320:Children
85:In this
2013:Rezabal
1983:Morales
1923:Ustariz
1888:Meneses
1753:Quiroga
1743:Quiroga
1535:. 1905.
1519:. 1913.
1345:Sources
1111:Spanish
1038:England
1021:criolla
1012:Chillán
980:The Moy
930:Ireland
922:O'Conor
918:O'Conor
836:de jure
818:on the
708:of the
702:Maullín
593:Linares
577:Illapel
494:in the
371:viceroy
294:Ireland
283:c. 1720
225:Monarch
161:Monarch
91:surname
2058:Osorio
2018:Avilés
1953:Ovando
1918:Ibáñez
1893:Dávila
1883:Peredo
1873:Porter
1858:Mujica
1833:Osores
1813:Ribera
1793:Ribera
1445:
1399:
1091:Lebian
1074:Alaska
1060:Legacy
976:Dublin
913:Tiarna
888:Jesuit
880:Callao
784:Osorno
738:Osorno
652:Astrea
624:Astrea
597:Parral
514:Arauco
1908:Garro
1838:Álava
1477:(PDF)
1275:At:
1229:(11).
1097:Notes
1046:Chile
984:Agher
941:Sligo
890:-run
726:raids
488:Chile
472:Andes
468:Chile
424:Cádiz
367:Chile
348:Irish
346:, in
142:36th
1963:Amat
1493:2008
1443:ISBN
1397:ISBN
1379:2008
1044:and
1042:Peru
982:and
943:and
869:Peru
808:and
642:and
543:and
314:Peru
310:Lima
300:Died
280:Born
100:also
1116:Don
966:in
951:by
924:of
361:as
122:KOS
93:is
2095::
1529:.
1513:.
1441:.
1370:.
1235:^
1178:^
1153:^
1113::
1076:.
1048:.
906:,
547:.
498:.
419:.
406:c.
393:,
377:.
354:.
312:,
292:,
288:,
1699:e
1692:t
1685:v
1495:.
1451:.
1405:.
1381:.
1227:4
1189:.
342:(
104:.
76:)
70:(
65:)
61:(
57:.
51:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
