1450:
2379:
2630:
2304:
2319:
2555:
2540:
1534:
164:
2510:
2203:
358:
2364:
2600:
2394:
2064:
277:
2276:
405:
2349:
2615:
2094:
2261:
2495:
252:
239:
2659:
373:
2438:
2645:
417:
2585:
2409:
1438:
2570:
2525:
2049:
2467:
2334:
2034:
1558:
1794:
2019:
2124:
1806:
2231:
2079:
1462:
1968:
1980:
2452:
1683:
1320:
1861:
2139:
2481:
1956:
2172:
258:
245:
1892:
1510:
1486:
1942:
1932:
1882:
1474:
1695:
70:
65:
1720:
1546:
1414:
2246:
1583:
1368:
1659:
1635:
389:
2673:
44:
2424:
1522:
1872:
1344:
1647:
1498:
269:, now known as the Australian national flag, by the general public. By traditional British understanding, the blue ensign was reserved for official government use although the red ensign was nevertheless still in military circulation until after the 1953 legislation, meaning the 1st and 2nd Australian Imperial Forces served under both the blue and red versions. State and local governments, private organisations and individuals were expected to use the red ensign.
1732:
1671:
1402:
1744:
1426:
1769:
1356:
1839:
1332:
1595:
2290:
554:
same design as the Gamma Star (1/7 fly width, seven points) thus making the
Southern Cross the same as on the current flag. The 1901 six-point and 1908 seven-point Commonwealth Star outer diameters were both 3/10 of the fly width. However the inner diameters were different. The six-point was half, and the seven-point is 4/9 of the Commonwealth Star outer diameter.
273:
Prime
Minister's Department dated 6 March 1939 states that: "the Red Ensign is the flag to be flown by the public generally" and the federal government policy was "The flying of the Commonwealth Blue Ensign is reserved for Commonwealth Government use but there is no reservation in the case of the Commonwealth Merchant Flag, or Red Ensign".
321:(RSL) called it a "dishonour to Australian service men and women who have made the ultimate sacrifice for our nation". It is unclear why the Australian red ensign was adopted by such groups. Australian government flag protocol says that the flag should never be flown upside down in any circumstances.
200:
as they were not formally covered by the
Navigation Act. However, an Admiralty Warrant was issued on 5 December 1938 which authorised such non-registered vessels to fly the Australian Red Ensign, too. Australia enacted fully domestic shipping legislation in 1981. The Shipping Registration Act of 1981
234:
with the number of points on the four biggest stars of the southern cross set to seven and the four main Stars of the southern cross being equal in sizeβostensibly to improve ease of manufacture. The original variety of points and sizes was an indication of the relative brightness of each star as it
553:
The 1901 Southern Cross star-points ranged from nine (Alpha) to five (Epsilon) and inner diameter of each was 4/9 of their outer diameters. Beta, Gamma and
Epsilon were the same outer diameter as today, Alpha was 1/6 and Delta 1/10 of the fly width. In 1903 Alpha, Beta and Delta were altered to the
272:
In the 1920s there was debate over whether the blue ensign was reserved for
Commonwealth buildings only, culminating in a 1924 agreement that the Union Flag should take precedence as the National Flag and that state and local governments were henceforth able to use the blue ensign. A memo from the
195:
Following federation in 1901, the topic of national colours for
British ships registered in Australian ports was addressed by the Navigation Act, which provided that such ships (i.e., civilian ships) should wear the Australian Red Ensign. Technically private non-registered vessels were liable to a
341:
Since 2008, 3 September has also been officially commemorated as
Merchant Navy Day which allows the Australian red ensign to be flown on land for the occasion as a matter of protocol. Merchant Navy Day is an official recognition of the merchant navy's contribution in wartime, in particular the
229:
for approval the competition-winning design which featured a southern cross with nine, eight, seven, six and five points respectively, and with Alpha Crucis being larger than Beta and Gamma as well as with Delta being smaller than Beta and Gamma, was standardised by the
316:
and related protests, adopted the
Australian red ensign for their own purposes. The protesters often fly the flag upside down. Its use in this way is seen by many as disrespectful and insulting towards the soldiers who fought under the flag. The
288:
issued a media release recommending that the blue ensign be flown at schools, government buildings and by private citizens and continued use of the red ensign by merchant ships, providing it was done so respectfully. Prime
Minister
264:
In the decades following federation the red ensign was the pre-eminent flag in use by private citizens on land. This was largely due to the
Commonwealth government, assisted by flag suppliers, discouraging use of the
1301:
205:
Red Ensign was the proper "colours" for Australian registered ships and that smaller (i.e., less than 30 tons) pleasure and fishing craft could fly either the Australian red ensign or the
2220:
1214:
364:
683:
357:
1538:
221:
ran the Federal Flag Design Competition in 1901 to find two designs for Australian flags: one for official Commonwealth Government use and another for the
235:
appeared in the night sky. In 1908, the current Commonwealth star of seven points replaced the earlier six-pointed star and has a smaller Inner Diameter.
296:
Despite executive branch proclamations as to the respective roles of the two red, white and blue ensigns, there remained some confusion until the
2441:
1095:
903:
1514:
404:
372:
1533:
1224:
416:
1259:
1454:
961:
343:
318:
1014:
2559:
2293:
1040:
300:
declared the blue ensign to be the Australian national flag, leaving the Australian red ensign to its status as the civil ensign.
1442:
284:
In 1940 the Victorian government passed legislation allowing schools to purchase blue ensigns. The following year prime minister
772:
2710:
712:
1955:
17:
440:
had discovered an Australian red ensign bearing the words "Changi '41 '42" and "Chitty flag", which may have flown over the
2730:
2539:
2308:
2083:
1562:
1292:
1244:
744:
136:
873:
2437:
2265:
2188:
1254:
1050:
837:
829:
69:
1466:
2413:
2111:
2038:
1984:
1972:
1810:
1805:
1798:
1624:
1193:
257:
244:
898:
501:
2554:
2162:
1004:
1219:
2192:
1270:
1188:
603:
2544:
2353:
1895:
1865:
1449:
1065:
954:
313:
1152:
2720:
469:
388:
860:
The story of Australia's flags: Our flags, standards, guidons, colours, banners, battle honours, and ensigns
163:
2649:
2494:
2289:
1490:
1391:
1198:
1019:
395:
335:
330:
276:
280:
Extract of memo from the Prime Minister's Department dated 6 March 1939 concerning flag flying procedures.
2705:
2514:
1758:
1437:
1249:
994:
718:
2378:
2235:
2171:
1960:
1478:
1372:
1239:
1167:
989:
688:
309:
684:"What is the Australian merchant navy flag, the red ensign? And why do anti-government groups use it?"
2619:
2157:
1979:
1967:
1925:
1793:
1699:
1116:
1090:
947:
2303:
2143:
2128:
2068:
2033:
1915:
1724:
1687:
1587:
1557:
1550:
1418:
1285:
1162:
1085:
1045:
970:
206:
176:
2604:
2599:
2569:
2451:
2260:
2123:
1875:
1663:
1639:
1075:
1055:
437:
218:
180:
168:
251:
238:
2725:
2524:
2428:
1783:
1461:
1060:
1024:
266:
1147:
2466:
2318:
2063:
1920:
999:
64:
51:
2715:
2644:
1885:
1572:
1526:
131:, the flag of nationality flown by Australian registered ships. It is a red version of the
139:
which required two entries: an ensign for Commonwealth Government use and another for the
109:
with the Commonwealth/Federation Star at the hoist, and the Southern Cross in the fly half
8:
2629:
2584:
2509:
2023:
1935:
1382:
1348:
1278:
464:
2348:
2280:
2275:
2138:
1651:
1502:
1070:
2677:
2672:
2614:
2589:
2408:
2368:
2008:
1709:
1694:
1324:
1157:
1111:
984:
780:
231:
152:
132:
2662:
2634:
2484:
2398:
2383:
2250:
2245:
2098:
2053:
1736:
1719:
1682:
1675:
1545:
1509:
1485:
1413:
1406:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1080:
928:
433:
308:
In the early 2020s, some Australian anti-government activists, including so-called
1300:
143:. The winning design for the merchant ensign was based on the traditional British
2658:
2574:
2456:
2393:
2323:
2207:
1945:
1748:
1658:
1634:
1430:
1309:
1009:
445:
379:
226:
2529:
2480:
2338:
2333:
1773:
1473:
1367:
1360:
745:"A nation in distress? Why the red ensign flag is being co-opted by protesters"
452:
297:
285:
148:
135:, which is mainly blue. Both flags resulted from the Commonwealth Government's
1172:
2699:
2499:
2471:
2175:
2093:
441:
222:
197:
140:
43:
2202:
2078:
1599:
1582:
1521:
1336:
448:
124:
60:
56:
2423:
2230:
1860:
1343:
1234:
1229:
536:
290:
1646:
1497:
209:
but not both at the same time. Government vessels may also fly either.
184:
144:
106:
2363:
1319:
939:
202:
128:
2048:
2003:
1842:
1731:
1670:
1401:
1743:
1425:
175:
The Australian red ensign is a predominantly red version of the
2018:
1768:
1355:
749:
1302:
National, regional and city flags incorporating the Union Jack
645:
National Archives of Australia (NAA: A461, A336/1/1 Part 2).
1594:
1331:
773:"Australian National Flag: Australian National Flag Day"
303:
871:
770:
196:
substantial fine if they did not fly the British Red
593:, University of New South Wales press, 2006, p. 106.
777:It's an Honour!: Australia Celebrating Australians
711:
96:(current seven-pointed Commonwealth Star version)
2697:
255:Australian/Commonwealth red ensign (1903β1908)
242:Australian/Commonwealth red ensign (1901β1903)
874:"Australia Remembers Merchant Navy Sacrifices"
1286:
955:
537:"Construction Details of the Australian Flag"
1539:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
1260:Parliament house centenary flag (Australia)
904:Department of Veterans' Affairs (Australia)
872:The Maritime Executive (2 September 2019).
713:"PM tells 'sovereign citizens' to get real"
319:Returned & Services League of Australia
1293:
1279:
962:
948:
830:"Service marks merchant navy contribution"
738:
736:
482:
349:
824:
822:
771:Australian Government (12 August 2013).
681:
675:
422:New South Wales customs flag (1882β1901)
410:New South Wales customs flag (1832β1882)
275:
250:
237:
162:
709:
534:
14:
2698:
969:
764:
742:
733:
1274:
943:
819:
304:Adoption by anti-government activists
179:, using the same shade of red as the
932:. Corryong. 4 April 2024. p. 4.
862:, Playbill Printworks, 2015, p. 259.
427:
324:
293:issued a similar statement in 1947.
137:1901 Federal Flag Design Competition
838:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
24:
682:McIntyre, Joe (12 November 2021).
535:Thomson, Jeff (10 November 2015).
190:
25:
2742:
1950:Flags inspired by the Union Jack
1220:Prime Minister Sir Robert Menzies
814:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
802:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
578:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
566:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
523:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
489:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
2671:
2657:
2643:
2628:
2613:
2598:
2583:
2568:
2560:Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla
2553:
2538:
2523:
2508:
2493:
2479:
2465:
2450:
2436:
2422:
2407:
2392:
2377:
2362:
2347:
2332:
2317:
2302:
2288:
2274:
2259:
2244:
2229:
2201:
2170:
2137:
2122:
2092:
2077:
2062:
2047:
2032:
2017:
1978:
1966:
1954:
1940:
1930:
1890:
1880:
1870:
1859:
1837:
1804:
1792:
1767:
1742:
1730:
1718:
1693:
1681:
1669:
1657:
1645:
1633:
1593:
1581:
1556:
1544:
1532:
1520:
1508:
1496:
1484:
1472:
1460:
1448:
1436:
1424:
1412:
1400:
1366:
1354:
1342:
1330:
1318:
1255:Queen's Personal Australian Flag
743:Wilson, Cam (14 February 2022).
502:"Shipping Registration Act 1981"
432:In 2024, it was reported in the
415:
403:
387:
371:
356:
256:
243:
68:
63:
42:
1225:Anti-Transportation League Flag
919:
899:"Merchant Navy Day 3 September"
891:
865:
852:
807:
795:
703:
666:
657:
648:
639:
630:
541:FOTW Flags Of The World website
365:Commonwealth Lighthouse Service
1455:British Indian Ocean Territory
926:"History of war flag sought".
710:McIlroy, Tom (5 August 2020).
621:
596:
583:
571:
559:
528:
516:
494:
13:
1:
2711:National symbols of Australia
1117:North Queensland (separatist)
475:
91:in use from 3 September 1901
2294:British South Africa Company
1041:Australian Capital Territory
1010:Boxing Kangaroo (unofficial)
336:Australian National Flag Day
331:Australian National Flag Day
7:
2731:Flags of the British Empire
1973:Newfoundland & Labrador
1443:British Antarctic Territory
719:Australian Financial Review
458:
444:Football League game where
225:. After being submitted to
10:
2747:
2384:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
328:
212:
167:An Australian red ensign (
158:
2219:
2187:
2155:
2110:
2002:
1995:
1985:St. Pierre & Miquelon
1926:List of New Zealand flags
1908:
1851:
1830:
1823:
1799:Somerset County, Maryland
1782:
1757:
1708:
1623:
1612:
1571:
1390:
1381:
1308:
1207:
1181:
1125:
1104:
1033:
977:
113:
101:
84:
76:
50:
41:
37:
27:Civil ensign of Australia
2309:British Windward Islands
1916:List of Australian flags
1617:administrative divisions
1563:Turks and Caicos Islands
1250:Van Diemen's Land Ensign
636:Kwan, 2006, p. 100, 106.
580:No. 65, 19 December 1908
568:No. 8, 20 February 1903.
338:was proclaimed in 1996.
267:Commonwealth blue ensign
207:Australian national flag
177:Australian national flag
2266:British Leeward Islands
1096:Governors of the States
1051:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
816:No. GN 26, 2 July 2008.
491:No. 8, 20 February 1903
438:Australian Flag Society
219:Commonwealth Government
187:present in the canton.
169:Royal Museums Greenwich
2545:Rhodesia and Nyasaland
1896:Taunton, Massachusetts
1866:Baton Rouge, Louisiana
1467:British Virgin Islands
1245:National Colonial Flag
1034:States and territories
995:Torres Strait Islander
878:The Maritime Executive
804:S 321, 28 August 1996.
525:No. 27, 29 April 1901.
350:Historical red ensigns
281:
261:
248:
172:
1921:List of British flags
1383:Dependent territories
1005:Civil Aviation Ensign
627:Kwan, 2006, pp. 9β10.
470:Hong Kong blue ensign
279:
254:
241:
183:which is part of the
181:Cross of Saint George
166:
121:Australian red ensign
33:Australian red ensign
18:Australian Red Ensign
2721:Southern Cross flags
2114:external territories
1886:New Castle, Delaware
1215:British Empire flags
1189:Defence Force Ensign
672:Kwan, 2006, pp.96β97
314:anti-vaccine mandate
201:reaffirmed that the
2635:Straits Settlements
1811:Westmoreland County
783:on 19 February 2013
465:Canadian red ensign
34:
2706:Flags of Australia
2354:East India Company
2281:British Somaliland
2009:independent states
1710:Canadian provinces
1066:Northern Territory
971:Flags of Australia
840:. 3 September 2008
663:Kwan, 2006, p. 92.
654:Kwan, 2006, p. 92.
604:"AUSTRALIAN FLAGS"
363:Red ensign of the
310:sovereign citizens
282:
262:
249:
173:
32:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2682:
2667:
2654:
2639:
2624:
2620:Southern Rhodesia
2609:
2594:
2579:
2564:
2549:
2534:
2519:
2504:
2489:
2476:
2461:
2446:
2433:
2418:
2403:
2388:
2373:
2358:
2343:
2328:
2313:
2298:
2285:
2270:
2255:
2240:
2212:
2180:
2148:
2133:
2103:
2088:
2073:
2058:
2043:
2028:
1904:
1903:
1819:
1818:
1700:Western Australia
1625:Australian states
1613:States, provinces
1608:
1607:
1268:
1267:
1091:Western Australia
858:Gordon Maitland,
504:. pp. 10, 22
451:was awarded the "
428:Notable specimens
346:in World War II.
325:Merchant Navy Day
232:British Admiralty
153:Commonwealth Star
147:and featured the
117:
116:
97:
94:23 February 1908
92:
16:(Redirected from
2738:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2665:
2661:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2622:
2618:
2617:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2592:
2588:
2587:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2562:
2558:
2557:
2547:
2543:
2542:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2487:
2483:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2459:
2455:
2454:
2444:
2440:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2296:
2292:
2283:
2279:
2278:
2268:
2264:
2263:
2253:
2251:British Cameroon
2249:
2248:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2178:
2174:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2026:
2022:
2021:
2000:
1999:
1983:
1982:
1971:
1970:
1959:
1958:
1944:
1943:
1934:
1933:
1894:
1893:
1884:
1883:
1874:
1873:
1864:
1863:
1841:
1840:
1828:
1827:
1809:
1808:
1797:
1796:
1772:
1771:
1747:
1746:
1735:
1734:
1725:British Columbia
1723:
1722:
1698:
1697:
1686:
1685:
1674:
1673:
1662:
1661:
1650:
1649:
1638:
1637:
1621:
1620:
1598:
1597:
1586:
1585:
1561:
1560:
1551:Tristan da Cunha
1549:
1548:
1537:
1536:
1525:
1524:
1515:Pitcairn Islands
1513:
1512:
1501:
1500:
1491:Falkland Islands
1489:
1488:
1477:
1476:
1465:
1464:
1453:
1452:
1441:
1440:
1429:
1428:
1419:Ascension Island
1417:
1416:
1405:
1404:
1388:
1387:
1371:
1370:
1359:
1358:
1347:
1346:
1335:
1334:
1323:
1322:
1310:Sovereign states
1295:
1288:
1281:
1272:
1271:
1194:Air Force Ensign
1126:Cities and towns
1046:Christmas Island
1015:Governor-General
964:
957:
950:
941:
940:
934:
933:
929:Corryong Courier
923:
917:
916:
914:
912:
895:
889:
888:
886:
884:
869:
863:
856:
850:
849:
847:
845:
826:
817:
811:
805:
799:
793:
792:
790:
788:
779:. Archived from
768:
762:
761:
759:
757:
740:
731:
730:
728:
726:
715:
707:
701:
700:
698:
696:
689:The Conversation
679:
673:
670:
664:
661:
655:
652:
646:
643:
637:
634:
628:
625:
619:
618:
616:
614:
600:
594:
589:Elizabeth Kwan,
587:
581:
575:
569:
563:
557:
556:
550:
548:
532:
526:
520:
514:
513:
511:
509:
498:
492:
486:
434:Corryong Courier
419:
407:
391:
375:
360:
344:Pacific campaign
260:
247:
95:
90:
88:11 February 1903
72:
67:
46:
35:
31:
21:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2696:
2695:
2694:
2685:
2670:
2663:United Colonies
2642:
2627:
2612:
2605:Solomon Islands
2597:
2582:
2567:
2552:
2537:
2522:
2507:
2492:
2464:
2449:
2421:
2406:
2399:Gilbert Islands
2391:
2376:
2361:
2346:
2331:
2316:
2301:
2273:
2258:
2243:
2228:
2215:
2200:
2191:
2183:
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2016:
2006:
1991:
1977:
1965:
1953:
1946:George Rex Flag
1941:
1931:
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1876:Mobile, Alabama
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1076:South Australia
1056:New South Wales
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380:South Australia
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227:King Edward VII
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191:Maritime ensign
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2029:
2013:
2011:
1997:
1993:
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1990:
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1961:Basque Country
1948:
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1936:British Empire
1928:
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1479:Cayman Islands
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1392:United Kingdom
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1061:Norfolk Island
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907:. Anzac Portal
890:
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394:Red ensign of
393:
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378:Red ensign of
377:
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329:Main article:
326:
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305:
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298:Flags Act 1953
286:Robert Menzies
214:
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149:Southern Cross
115:
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26:
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2012:
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1937:
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1909:Miscellaneous
1907:
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985:National flag
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223:merchant navy
220:
210:
208:
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188:
186:
182:
178:
170:
165:
156:
154:
150:
146:
142:
141:merchant navy
138:
134:
133:national flag
130:
126:
122:
112:
108:
104:
100:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
66:
62:
58:
55:
53:
49:
45:
40:
36:
30:
19:
2500:North Borneo
2208:New Hebrides
2189:Anglo-French
2156:New Zealand
2084:South Africa
2069:South Africa
2039:Newfoundland
1588:Cook Islands
1527:Saint Helena
1199:Naval Ensign
1112:Murray River
1020:Border Force
927:
921:
909:. Retrieved
902:
893:
881:. Retrieved
877:
867:
859:
854:
842:. Retrieved
833:
813:
809:
801:
797:
785:. Retrieved
781:the original
776:
766:
754:. Retrieved
748:
723:. Retrieved
717:
705:
693:. Retrieved
687:
677:
668:
659:
650:
641:
632:
623:
611:. Retrieved
607:
598:
590:
585:
577:
573:
565:
561:
552:
545:. Retrieved
540:
530:
522:
518:
506:. Retrieved
496:
488:
484:
449:Peter Chitty
431:
340:
334:
307:
295:
283:
271:
263:
216:
194:
174:
125:civil ensign
120:
118:
61:state ensign
29:
2716:Red Ensigns
2681:(1898β1930)
2666:(1775β1776)
2653:(1923β1961)
2638:(1874β1946)
2623:(1924β1964)
2608:(1906β1977)
2593:(1946β1959)
2578:(1947β1963)
2563:(1958β1967)
2548:(1953β1963)
2533:(1949β1957)
2518:(1927β1948)
2503:(1882β1963)
2488:(1824β1860)
2475:(1875β1964)
2460:(1951β1957)
2445:(1815β1864)
2432:(1880β1947)
2417:(1871β1997)
2402:(1976β1979)
2387:(1937β1976)
2372:(1875β1982)
2357:(1600β1858)
2342:(1881β1960)
2327:(1939β1948)
2312:(1886β1958)
2297:(1892β1965)
2284:(1903β1960)
2269:(1871β1958)
2254:(1922β1961)
2239:(1937β1963)
2221:Other flags
2211:(1906β1980)
2193:condominium
2179:(1925β1948)
2147:(1884β1971)
2132:(1921β1971)
2102:(1776β1777)
2087:(1928β1994)
2072:(1910β1928)
2057:(1964β1968)
2042:(1907β1931)
2027:(1868β1965)
1784:US counties
1573:New Zealand
1349:New Zealand
1235:Eureka Flag
1230:Bowman flag
1173:Wagga Wagga
1025:Honour Flag
911:22 February
883:22 February
844:22 February
787:3 September
547:21 November
543:. Jon Radel
382:(1870β1876)
291:Ben Chifley
2700:Categories
2650:Tanganyika
2129:New Guinea
2112:Australian
1996:Historical
1652:Queensland
1503:Montserrat
1208:Historical
1153:Launceston
1071:Queensland
1000:Red Ensign
990:Aboriginal
608:pmc.gov.au
476:References
203:Australian
185:Union Jack
145:red ensign
107:red ensign
77:Proportion
2678:Weihaiwei
2590:Singapore
2515:Palestine
2414:Hong Kong
2369:Gibraltar
2004:Dominions
1759:US states
1615:and other
1325:Australia
1158:Melbourne
455:" medal.
436:that the
129:Australia
2054:Rhodesia
1843:Coquimbo
1737:Manitoba
1688:Victoria
1676:Tasmania
1407:Anguilla
1182:Military
1143:Canberra
1138:Brisbane
1133:Adelaide
1105:Regional
1086:Victoria
1081:Tasmania
978:National
834:ABC News
508:25 April
459:See also
396:Victoria
2575:Sarawak
2457:Malacca
2158:mandate
1749:Ontario
1431:Bermuda
756:3 March
725:3 March
695:3 March
213:History
159:Devices
123:is the
85:Adopted
2530:Penang
2339:Cyprus
2024:Canada
1824:Cities
1774:Hawaii
1361:Tuvalu
1168:Sydney
1148:Hobart
750:Crikey
613:7 July
442:Changi
398:(1870)
312:, and
198:Ensign
102:Design
2472:Malta
2429:India
2324:Burma
2144:Papua
1831:Chile
1163:Perth
57:Civil
2236:Aden
2161:and
2007:and
1600:Niue
1337:Fiji
913:2022
885:2022
846:2022
789:2013
758:2022
727:2022
697:2022
615:2018
549:2023
510:2012
217:The
151:and
119:The
59:and
446:POW
127:of
80:1:2
52:Use
2702::
901:.
876:.
836:.
832:.
821:^
775:.
747:.
735:^
716:.
686:.
606:.
551:.
539:.
155:.
105:A
1294:e
1287:t
1280:v
963:e
956:t
949:v
915:.
887:.
848:.
791:.
760:.
729:.
699:.
617:.
512:.
171:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.