1834:
1677:
5929:
6858:
7109:
6783:
6798:
7034:
1753:
7019:
6013:
6989:
6682:
6843:
2123:
7079:
30:
6873:
6543:
6755:
6828:
7094:
6573:
6740:
6974:
1850:
7138:
2183:
6917:
7124:
7064:
6888:
5917:
7049:
7004:
1548:. The differences to the current flag were the six-pointed Commonwealth Star, while the components stars in the Southern Cross had different numbers of points, with more if the real star was brighter. This led to five stars of nine, eight, seven, six and five points respectively. The Inner Diameter of the six-pointed Federal Star in the lower Hoist was larger than that of the later seven-pointed version of the Federal Star in the lower Hoist. Alpha Crucis and Delta Crucis were of different sizes than they are todayβwith Alpha being larger than at present and Delta being smaller than at present.
6528:
6946:
1622:
1615:
6813:
2153:
1810:
the chief national symbol, although no cabinet documents yet released to the public including the more detailed minutes have ever been adduced in support of this theory. This theory is unlikely, as since 1904 the
Australian Government had given precedence to the blue ensign, for example by giving the right to fly it in schools in 1940. Blue suited the anti-communist policy of the Menzies government (and other organisations such as the Catholic Church), however it was also suitable to the Labor party as it was the same colour as the Eureka Flag. The Red Ensign continues to be paraded on
6513:
6037:
6273:
6498:
6603:
1608:
6285:
6710:
6558:
1708:
882:
5941:
2108:
6447:
6459:
2168:
1395:
1409:
6931:
6162:
5799:
6340:
6618:
6960:
2138:
6435:
1473:
6651:
458:
1651:
1643:
1635:
1335:, which is similar in design to the present National Flag. The differences were that there was no Commonwealth Star, while the components of the Southern Cross are depicted with eight points and in gold. This flag was only briefly in usage, as two years after the formation of the Anti-Transportation League in 1851, the colonial authorities decided to stop the intake of convicts, so the ATL ceased its activities. The Eureka Flag has become an enduring symbol in Australian culture and has been used by various groups and movements. The
865:
6371:
1367:
5989:
5965:
6421:
6411:
6361:
5953:
1353:
6174:
56:
51:
1695:
6199:
6025:
5893:
6725:
6062:
5847:
6138:
6114:
851:
7152:
1139:
217:
6903:
6001:
2197:
1668:
that chosen by the judges to the
Admiralty for final approval. The Admiralty chose the Red for private vessels and Blue Ensigns for government ships. The Barton government regarded both the Blue and Red Ensigns as colonial maritime flags and "grudgingly" agreed to fly it only on naval ships. Later governments, that of Chris Watson in 1904 and Andrew Fisher in 1910, were also unhappy with the design, wanting something "more distinctive" and more "indicative of Australian unity".
6351:
5823:
1115:
898:
6126:
5977:
2470:
7268:
61:
6211:
6150:
5881:
6223:
5905:
1268:. This bill sought to make it an offence to desecrate the flag by "wilfully destroying or otherwise mutilating the Australian National Flag in circumstances where a reasonable person would infer that the destruction or mutilation is intended publicly to express contempt or disrespect for the Flag or the Australian Nation". The bill received a second reading but subsequently lapsed and did not proceed to be voted in the House of Representatives.
2456:
6248:
5835:
1457:
6318:
1381:
5811:
6074:
1790:
1314:. The second version post-1801 is depicted on the Australian flag. Each colony also had its own flag based on the British Blue Ensign, defaced with a state badge. As an Australian national consciousness began to emerge, several flag movements were formed and unofficial new flags came into common usage. Two attempts were made throughout the nineteenth century to design a national flag. The first such attempt was the
6769:
1127:
stations when there is a national election or referendum. Government ships, fishing vessels, pleasure craft, small craft and commercial vessels under 24 metres in tonnage length, can fly either the Red Ensign or the
Australian National Flag, but not both. The British Blue Ensign can be flown on an Australian owned ship instead of the Australian flag if the owner has a warrant valid under British law.
2372:(ANFA) (established 1983), which wants to keep the existing flag. The primary arguments for keeping the flag cite historic precedence, while those for changing the flag are based around the idea that the status quo does not accurately depict Australia's status as an independent and multicultural nation, nor is its design unique enough to easily distinguish it from similar flags, such as the flags of
1441:
1511:
and a blue ensign for naval and official use. The judging criteria for the designs included historical relevance, compliance with the conventions of heraldry, originality, utility, and the cost of manufacture. The majority of designs incorporated the Union Flag and the
Southern Cross, but native animals were also popular, including one that depicted a variety of indigenous animals playing
1323:, also designed by Nicholson. This flag was the same at the National Colonial Flag, except that the cross was blue instead of resembling that of St. George. Although the flag was designed by Nicholson in 1831, it did not become widely popular until the latter part of the century, when calls for federation began to grow louder. These flags, and many others such as the
3780:
same design as the Gamma Star (1/7 fly width, seven points) thus making the
Southern Cross the same as on the current flag. The 1901 six-point and 1908 seven-point Commonwealth Star outer diameters were both 3/10 of the fly width. However the inner diameters were different. The six-point was half, and the seven-point is 4/9 of the Commonwealth Star outer diameter.
1135:
dropped on the ground, nor should it be used to cover an object in the lead-up to an unveiling ceremony, or to hide other material. Flags that have decayed or faded should not be displayed. Old or decayed flags should be disposed of in private "in a dignified way"; a method given as an example is to cut the flag into small pieces before being placed in the waste.
691:: justice, prudence, temperance and fortitude. The number of points on the stars of the Southern Cross on the modern Australian flag differs from the original competition-winning design, in which they ranged between five and nine points each, representing their relative brightness in the night sky. The stars are named after the first five letters of the
2286:, felt that the government was appropriating their flag, saying it "doesn't need any more recognition". However, Thomas later transferred the flag's copyright to the Commonwealth Government, expressing hope that doing so would "provide comfort to all Aboriginal people and Australians to use the flag".
4276:
M.O.58 (1908) Attention is directed to
Statutory Rule 27/08 published in M.O. 58/08. The Australian Ensign will accordingly be flown at all flag stations throughout the Commonwealth. M.O.135 (1911) It is directed that in future the Australian flag is to be used as the saluting flag at all reviews and
1869:
MP, it had the same status as the Union Flag in the UK, when the
Australian House of Representatives proclaimed that the Blue Ensign "should be flown upon all forts, vessels, saluting places and public buildings of the Commonwealth upon all occasions when flags are used". The government agreed to fly
1763:
In the decades following federation the red ensign was also the pre-eminent flag in use by private citizens on land. This was largely due to the
Commonwealth government, assisted by flag suppliers, discouraging the use of the blue ensign by the general public. Both the blue and red versions were used
1200:
The
Australian National Flag may be used for commercial or advertising purposes without formal permission as long as the flag is used in a dignified manner and reproduced completely and accurately; it should not be defaced by overprinting with words or illustrations, it should not be covered by other
2045:
intended to replace the missing original flag. This flag was not a replica of the original flag, on which the
Commonwealth Star had only six points, but was a current Australian National Flag with a seven pointed Commonwealth Star. The flag has a special headband, including a cardinal red stripe and
1933:
In 1940 the Victorian government passed legislation allowing schools to purchase Blue Ensigns, which in turn allowed its use by private citizens. Prime Minister Robert Menzies then recommended schools, government building and private citizens to use the Blue Ensign, issuing a statement the following
1873:
On 2 June 1904 a resolution was passed by parliament to replace the Union Jack with the "Australian flag" on forts. Initially the Department of Defence resisted using the Flag, considering it to be a marine ensign and favouring King's Regulations that specified the use of the Union Jack. After being
837:
The shade of the red colour in the canton of the Australian flag (Pantone 185C, Hex: #FF0000) is actually generally lighter than the shade used (no specific shade is specified) in the British flag (Pantone 186C, Hex: #C8102E) from which it originated. The blue colour has a different hex code for RGB
3779:
The 1901 Southern Cross star-points ranged from nine (Alpha) to five (Epsilon) and inner diameter of each was 4/9 of their outer diameters. Beta, Gamma and Epsilon were the same outer diameter as today, Alpha was 1/6 and Delta 1/10 of the fly width. In 1903 Alpha, Beta and Delta were altered to the
2655:
In South Australia from 1916 state schools were not allowed to fly an Australian ensign instead of the Union Jack, reflecting the suppression of its large German-speaking minority and the closure of their Lutheran schools. Their children, insisted John Verran, Labor MP, must be 'taught by those who
2023:
since 1985. The inaugural event was held under the auspices of the New South Wales branch of the Australian National Flag Association to commemorate the anniversary of the flag being first flown in 1901. On Flag Day, ceremonies are held in schools, major centres, and the Governor-General, Governors
1985:
South Australia chose to continue with the Union Flag as National flag until 1956, when schools were given the option of using either the Union or Australian flags. The Union Flag was still regarded as the National flag by many Australians well into the 1970s, which inspired Arthur Smout's campaign
1809:
declared the Blue Ensign to be the national flag and the Red Ensign the flag of the Australian mercantile marine. It has been claimed that this choice was made on the basis that the predominately red version carried too many communist overtones for the government of the day to be legislated for as
1667:
with a star added, many critics in both the Federal Government and the New South Wales government objected to the chosen flag for being "too Victorian". They wanted the Australian Federation Flag, and Prime Minister Barton, who had been promoting the Federation Flag, submitted this flag along with
1576:
In years to come the flag which floated yesterday in the Exhibition building over Her Excellency the Countess of Hopetoun, who stood for Great Britain, and the Prime Minister (Mr Barton), who stood for Australia, will, in all human probability, become the emblem upon which the millions of the free
1510:
agreed to being integrated into the government initiative. The Β£75 prize money of each competition were combined and augmented by a further Β£50 donated by Havelock Tobacco Company. Each competitor was required to submit two coloured sketches, a red ensign for the merchant service and public use,
2053:
A warrant authorising the use of the Centenary Flag under section 6 of the Flags Act was issued by the Governor-General and the flag is now used as the official flag of state on important occasions. These included the opening of new parliamentary terms and when visiting heads of state arrive. The
1958:
This bill is very largely a formal measure which puts into legislative form what has become almost the established practice in Australia ... The design adopted was submitted to His Majesty King Edward VII, and he was pleased to approve of it as the Australian flag in 1902. However, no legislative
1878:
stated in parliament that he was not satisfied with the design of the Australian flag and that implementation of the 1904 resolution could wait until consideration was given to "adopt another which in our opinion is more appropriate". In 1908, Australian Army Military Order, No 58/08 ordered the
1134:
also advises that the flag should only be flown during daylight hours, unless it is illuminated. Two flags should not be flown from the same flagpole. The flag should not be displayed upside down under any circumstances, not even to express a situation of distress. The flag is not to be placed or
1126:
The National Flag must always be flown in a position superior to that of any other flag or ensign when flown in Australia or on Australian territory, and it should always be flown aloft and free. The flag must be flown in all government buildings and (where possible) displayed in or near polling
2407:
to require any changes to the national flag design to be passed at a plebiscite along the same lines of the 1977 national song poll. In 2002 it also supplied ANFA's promotional video free to all primary schools and in 2004 required all schools receiving federal funds to fly the Australian flag.
1929:
In the 1920s there was debate over whether the Blue Ensign was reserved for Commonwealth buildings only, culminating in a 1924 agreement that the Union Flag should take precedence as the National Flag with state and local governments henceforth able to use the blue ensign. As the Union Flag was
1122:
Guidelines for flying the flag are laid out in the pamphlet "Australian Flags", which is infrequently published by the Australian Government. The guidelines say that the Australian National Flag is allowed to be flown on every day of the year, and that it "should be treated with the respect and
1153:, it should be recognisably at half-mastβfor example, a third of the way down from the top of the pole. The Australian flag should never be flown half mast at night, unless directed to half-mast for an extended period. Days on which flags are flown at half-mast on government buildings include,
1318:
created in 1823β1824 by Captains John Nicholson and John Bingle. This flag consisted of a red cross on a white background, with an eight-point star on each of the four limbs of the cross, while incorporating a Union Jack in the canton. The most popular national flag of the period was the 1831
2443:
that asked: "Do you think Australia should have a new design for our National Flag?" was supported by 29% of respondents and opposed by 66%, with 5% uncommitted. A 2013 survey found that 95 per cent of surveyed adults stated that they took pride in the national flag, which was enjoying
1595:... Minds move slowly: and Australia is still Britain's little boy. What more natural than that he should accept his father's cut-down garments, β lacking the power to protest, and only dimly realising his will. That bastard flag is a true symbol of the bastard state of Australian opinion.
2338:
1743:
had officially approved the design as the flag of Australia on 11 February 1903. The published version made all the stars in the Southern Cross seven-pointed and of equal size apart from the smallestβand is the same as the current design except for the six-pointed Commonwealth Star.
1786:"the Red Ensign is the flag to be flown by the public generally" and the federal government policy was "The flying of the Commonwealth Blue Ensign is reserved for Commonwealth Government use but there is no reservation in the case of the Commonwealth Merchant Flag, or Red Ensign".
1768:). A colourised version of a photograph held by the Australian War Memorial of the Armistice Day celebrations in Sydney's Martin Place, 11 November 1918, reveals both ensigns being displayed by the assembled crowd. Illustrations and photos of the opening of Australia's provisional
2444:
increasing popularity; half (50%) said they were extremely proud. Conversely, a 2016 self-selected non-weighted online survey from Western Sydney University found that 64% of the responders wanted the flag to change, with 36% wanting it to remain the same.
2361:, who publicly supported a change in the flag, saying "I do not believe that the symbols and the expression of the full sovereignty of Australian nationhood can ever be complete while we have a flag with the flag of another country on the corner of it."
1343:. It is the same as the National Colonial Flag, except that the white background in the three quadrants other the canton were replaced with four alternating blue and white stripes, representing the four major rivers that run into the Murray River.
1817:
Technically, private non-commercial vessels were liable to a substantial fine if they did not fly the British Red Ensign. However, an Admiralty Warrant was issued on 5 December 1938, authorising these vessels to fly the Australian Red Ensign. The
1519:
in Melbourne and the judges took six days to deliberate before reaching their conclusion. Five almost identical entries were chosen as the winning design, and the designers shared the Β£200 (2021: $ 35,200) prize money, with Β£40 each. They were
1781:
covering the flags of the world and containing coloured illustrations describes the red ensign as "Australia – Merchant" and omits the blue ensign altogether. A memo from the Prime Minister's Department dated 6 March 1939
1561:
a huge "Blue Ensign," with the prize design of the Southern Cross and a six pointed star thereon, was run up to the top of the flagstaff on the dome, and breaking, streamed out on the heavy south-westerly breeze a brave and inspiriting
1917:
remained the most popular Australian flag for public and even some official events. It was flown at the 1907 State Premiers conference in Melbourne and during the 1927 visit to Australia of the Duke and Duchess of York, the future
554:
was officially adopted in 1903. It was later modified to the current design on 8 December 1908, with the change from a six to a seven point Commonwealth Star. In 1954, the flag was recognised in legislation with the passage of the
3484:
1977:, which had been passed two months earlier. The monarch's assent was timed to coincide with the Queen's visit to the country and came after she had opened the new session of Parliament. The act confers statutory powers on the
1196:
The department provides an email service called the Commonwealth Flag Network, which gives information on national occasions to fly the flag at half-mast as well as national days of commemoration and celebration of the flag.
703:
standardised the size and shape of the four larger outer stars at seven points and each of the same size, leaving the smaller, more central star with five points. This change was officially gazetted on 23 February 1903.
2352:
There have been mild but persistent debates over whether or not the Union Flag should be removed from the canton of the Australian flag. This debate has culminated on several occasions, such as the period preceding the
1494:βa Melbourne-based publicationβ suggested that entries incorporate a design based on the British ensigns and around the Southern Cross, noting that designs without these emblems were unlikely to be successful. After
1989:
By the mid-1980s, the Commonwealth Government no longer reminded Australians they had the right to fly the Union Flag alongside the National Flag or provided illustrations of how to correctly display them together.
4905:
1981:
to appoint "flags and ensigns of Australia" and authorise warrants and make rules as to use of flags. Section 8 ensures that the "right or privilege" of a person to fly the Union Flag is not affected by the act.
1174:
On the death of a distinguished Australian citizen in accordance with protocol. Flags in any locality may be flown at half-mast on the death of a notable local citizen or on the day, or part of the day, of their
1161:β from the time of announcement of the death up to and including the funeral. On the day the accession of the new sovereign is proclaimed, it is customary to raise the flag to the top of the mast from 11 am.
1870:
the Blue Ensign on special flag days, but not if it meant additional expense, which undermined the motion. The Blue Ensign could only be flown on a state government building if a state flag was not available.
660:, and any future territories. Another rationale for the change was to match the star used on the coat of arms, which was created in the same year. The Commonwealth Star does not have any official relation to
2438:
that asked: "Are you personally in favour or against changing the Australian flag so as to remove the Union Jack emblem?" was supported by 32% of respondents and opposed by 57%, with 11% uncommitted. A 2010
929:
a large seven-pointed white star (six representing the six states of Australia and one representing the territories) in the centre of the lower quarter next to the staff and pointing direct to the centre of
4886:
2082:
before becomes too faded or too tattered, be taken down and perhaps offered to a museum or an art gallery as the seminal flag that flew over this building 100 years from the time the first flag was flown?
5780:
4961:
2244:) until the adoption of similar ensigns based on the Australian National Flag in 1948 and 1967 respectively. The current Navy and Air Force Ensigns were officially appointed in 1967 and 1982 respectively.
1715:
On 3 September 1901, the new Australian flag flew for the first time from the dome of the Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne. The names of the joint winners of the design competition were announced by
4558:
It reads: "The Centenary Flag. Presented to the Hon John Howard MP, Prime Minister of Australia on behalf of the people of Australia by the Australian National Flag Association on 3 September 2001 at the
3166:
2216:, the Governor-General may proclaim flags other than the National Flag and the Red Ensign as flags or ensigns of Australia. Five flags have been appointed in this manner. The first two were the
1772:
in 1927 show Australian Ensigns flown alongside Union Flags. However, sources disagree on the colours of the Australian flags, leaving open the possibility that either ensign or both were used.
1825:
As a result of the declaration of 3 September as Merchant Navy Day in 2008, the Red Ensign can be flown on land alongside the Australian national flag on this occasion as a matter of protocol.
1783:
1930:
recognised as the National flag, it was considered disloyal to fly either ensign without the Union flag alongside, and it was the Union Flag that covered the coffins of Australia's war dead.
5152:
2656:
are British, and taught what it is to be British'. Under Labor, 'I love my country' became 'I love my country, the British Empire', in the words accompanying the salute of the Union Jack.
6699:
5471:
2488:
2304:
required the proclamations of these flags to be lodged in a Federal Register. Due to an administrative oversight they were not, and the proclamations were automatically repealed. The
2122:
5115:
2541:
1894:. Despite the government wanting to use the Blue Ensign on Australian warships, officers continued to fly the Union Flag, and it was not until 1913, following public protest in
2931:
2236:
has no ensign of its own, but they are given the ceremonial task to be the defender of the National Flag. The Air Force and the Navy flew the appropriate British ensigns (the
1201:
objects in displays, and all symbolic parts of the flag should be identifiable. It also must sit first (typically, left) where more than one flag is used. For this reason the
1879:"Australian Ensign" replace the Union Flag at all military establishments. From 1911 it was the saluting flag of the Australian army at all reviews and ceremonial parades.
4563:, Melbourne to commemorate the first flying of the Australian National Flag on 3 September 1901 attended by the Rt Hon Sir Edmund Barton MHR, Prime Minister of Australia."
4902:
2427:. The date of the release was met with some backlash, which Harold Scruby, Ausflag's executive director called "the lowest form of censorship". Following the release,
1236:, proposed to introduce laws banning desecration of the Australian flag, a call that attracted support from some parliamentarians both in his own party and the senior
2087:
1178:
On the death of the head of state of another country with which Australia has diplomatic relations β the flag would be flown at half-mast on the day of the funeral.
4883:
1131:
724:
4467:
3135:
1959:
action has ever been taken to determine the precise form of the flag or the circumstances of its use, and this bill has been brought down to produce that result.
4820:
2431:, then-prime minister and a former Ausflag director, told the group that the flag would never change, viewing it as an important symbol of Australian history.
4958:
3233:
656:, also known as the Federation Star, originally had six points, representing the six federating colonies. In 1908, a seventh point was added to symbolise the
2323:
and the Australian Federal Police Flag, eight Vice-Regal flags and nine state and territory flags that are recognised as official flags through other means.
645:
The Union Jack acknowledges the history of British settlement in Australia. Historically, it was included in the design as a demonstration of loyalty to the
4728:
3703:
6017:
3917:
3266:
699:
in the sky. Alpha was originally larger than Beta and Gamma whilst Delta was originally smaller than Beta and Gamma. In order to simplify manufacture, the
3158:
2392:
sharing near identical flags). The similarity between the flag of Australia and those of other countries is often derived from a common colonial history.
1515:, a six-tailed kangaroo representing the six Australian states, and a kangaroo aiming a gun at the Southern Cross. The entries were put on display at the
2152:
3196:
2090:
and has been paraded at schools to mark Australian National Flag Day on a tour of the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales and Queensland.
562:
This act also ended the confusion since 1901 as to whether the red ensign or the blue ensign was to be used, with the blue ensign designated as the
2182:
2415:, and holds flag design competitions, while ANFA's activities include promotion of the existing flag through events such as National Flag Day. On
6920:
5352:
2167:
7316:
5054:
2293:
was proclaimed in 2000. This flag is used to represent the Defence Force when more than one branch of the military is involved, such as at the
1502:
held an official competition for a new federal flag in April. The competition attracted 32,823 entries, including those originally sent to the
486:
5993:
2308:
issued new proclamations dated 25 January 2008, with effect from 1 January 2008 (or 1 October 2006 in the case of the Defence Force Ensign).
1248:, rejected the calls, stating that "in the end I guess it's part of the sort of free speech code that we have in this country". In 2003, the
6012:
5481:
1400:
1332:
5516:
1192:
flags are flown at peak until 10:30 am, at half-mast from 10:30 am to 11:02 am, then at peak for the remainder of the day.
599:
5126:
2522:
2050:
speech that urged Federation, due to the "crimson thread of kinship" of a common British origin that connected the colonists together.
1805:
In the 1940s, the federal government began to encourage public use of the blue ensign. Despite this, there remained confusion until the
7306:
7223:
5933:
5577:
5218:
4039:
2107:
3376:
687:, one of the flag's designers, intended the Southern Cross to also refer to the four moral virtues ascribed to the four main stars by
7296:
7228:
5271:
4750:
3936:
2919:
2128:
1822:
reaffirmed that the Australian Red Ensign was the proper colours for commercial ships over 24 metres (79 ft) in tonnage length.
447:
4503:
7196:
7038:
6772:
5297:
7321:
5921:
5549:
2732:
3574:
3317:
2137:
7336:
5187:
4281:
864:
2046:
an inscription. The red stripe represents the "crimson thread of kinship of all peoples of Australia"; an idea sourced from a
1905:, that the government reminded them of the 1911 legislation. The British White Ensign was finally replaced by a distinctively
6434:
4245:
4161:
4008:
3470:
1910:
1765:
1725:
1233:
5089:
3885:
2885:
2814:
1450:
front cover signed by Egbert Nuttall, after the winning designers of the 1901 Federal Flag design competition were announced
1106:
of the outer diameter. The flag's width is the measurement of the hoist edge of the flag (the distance from top to bottom).
7018:
6787:
6562:
6041:
5771:
5723:
5501:
4496:
2369:
2256:
2038:
1583:
1430:
1331:
in 1854), featured the Southern Cross. The oldest known flag to show the stars arranged as they are seen in the sky is the
1315:
543:
6916:
6744:
6667:
5688:
5511:
5307:
5010:
2248:
1394:
683:
visible in the Southern Hemisphere, and has been used to represent Australia since the early days of British settlement.
325:
50:
4837:
3258:
1303:
on 26 January 1788. He first raised the Union Flag on 7 February 1788 when he proclaimed the Colony of New South Wales.
5945:
4326:
3080:(2nd ed.). Canberra: Department of the Special Minister of State, Australia; Australian Govt. Pub. Service. 1985.
2535:
1833:
479:
3127:
2024:
and some politicians attend or release statements to the media. Australian National Flag Day is not a public holiday.
1283:
The Union Flag, as the flag of the British Empire, was first used on Australian soil on 29 April 1770 when Lieutenant
7311:
7254:
6892:
6590:
6517:
6463:
6451:
6289:
6284:
6277:
6103:
5450:
3085:
2862:
2824:
2787:
2763:
2704:
2622:
2221:
2158:
1717:
1277:
4817:
3462:
1788 : the brutal truth of the First Fleet : the biggest single overseas migration the world has ever seen
1676:
7033:
6641:
5261:
3230:
2316:
2294:
1951:
affirmed the Blue ensign as the National flag and in 1951 King George VI approved the Government's recommendation.
1923:
1740:
60:
5476:
2699:(3rd ed.). Barton ACT: Dept. of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Awards and Culture Branch. 2006. p. 41.
2507:
According to a breakdown of the figures, 41% said they were "strongly" opposed, more than favoured change overall.
1752:
1228:
in 1989, 1990, 1991 and 1992 to ban desecration, but on each occasion the bill lapsed. In 2002, the leader of the
6671:
5749:
5445:
4720:
2475:
2290:
2188:
607:
3914:
1498:
on 1 January 1901, and following receipt of a request from the British government to design a new flag, the new
1366:
7023:
6832:
6374:
6344:
5928:
5322:
5211:
4179:
2895:
1994:
1769:
1700:
A colour lithograph by an unknown artist of the opening of provisional parliament house in Canberra, 9 May 1927
1212:
of the Australian flag a crime. In 1953, during the second reading debate on the Flags Bill, the leader of the
348:
5409:
7341:
2305:
1978:
1721:
472:
436:
254:
192:
2638:
7249:
7189:
7128:
6973:
6768:
5969:
5870:
5728:
5592:
5455:
5276:
5182:
2953:
2802:
2400:
2320:
2217:
2143:
2054:
flag has been transported across the country for flying in every state and territory. It was later used on
1729:
1664:
1256:
without support from Howard and subsequently lapsed. In 2006, following a flag-burning incident during the
305:
3188:
1735:
The competition-winning designs were submitted to the British Colonial Secretary in 1902. Prime Minister
1352:
7326:
7291:
6993:
6237:
5916:
5542:
5506:
5251:
2271:
2267:
2205:
2113:
1945:
1506:. One of these was submitted by an unnamed governor of a colony. The two contests were merged after the
1408:
1229:
881:
4070:
2987:
2255:
on 20 September 1962 and was only flown when she visited Australia. It was used in a similar way as the
838:
scheme, but when printed -the Pantone number- it is the same: Australia (Pantone 280C, Hex: 00008B) vs.
7233:
6857:
6714:
6650:
6439:
5957:
5851:
5496:
5424:
5246:
2263:
2229:
2201:
2173:
1998:
1914:
1372:
1320:
1307:
1241:
839:
150:
4618:
Commonwealth, Parliamentary Debates, House of Representatives, 18 September 2001, 30853 (Paul Neville)
4427:
4412:
4397:
7098:
6636:
6458:
6446:
6404:
6272:
6178:
5738:
5373:
5347:
5204:
4560:
2886:
Australia. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Awards and National Symbols Branch. (2000).
2815:
Australia. Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Awards and National Symbols Branch. (2000).
2075:
2042:
1650:
1642:
1634:
1516:
1205:
had to reverse its logo, which previously featured the flag until a logo refresh at the end of 2017.
1202:
923:
426:
405:
282:
158:
55:
6782:
6622:
6607:
6547:
6512:
6394:
6203:
6166:
6066:
6036:
6029:
5897:
5764:
5698:
5683:
5655:
5612:
5419:
5342:
5302:
5227:
4369:
Commonwealth, Parliamentary Debates, House of Representatives 20 November 1953, 367, (Bob Menzies).
3355:
2377:
2099:
1849:
1225:
249:
1728:) and she unfurled the flag for the first time. Since 1996 this date has been officially known as
7331:
7182:
7083:
7078:
7048:
6930:
6739:
6602:
6354:
6142:
6118:
5622:
5332:
5312:
4101:
3342:
2927:
2274:, this recognition caused a small amount of controversy at the time, with then opposition leader
1906:
1854:
1499:
1495:
665:
547:
383:
368:
4530:
4528:
4526:
4524:
3516:
3514:
3245:
2419:
in 2018, Ausflag released an alternative design of the flag without the Union Jack, featuring a
1472:
7003:
6907:
6262:
5940:
5718:
5678:
5535:
5317:
5281:
4927:
3797:
3231:
Bills Digest No. 42 2003β04, Protection of Australian Flags (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2003
2411:
Ausflag periodically campaigns for flag change in association with national events such as the
2354:
2332:
2283:
2279:
2241:
1482:
1358:
1213:
442:
431:
395:
238:
5404:
3499:
2639:"Elizabeth Kwan "National Parliament, National Symbols: From British to Australian Identity*""
897:
7301:
7209:
6945:
6797:
6542:
6399:
5713:
5693:
5256:
5172:
4521:
4260:
4258:
4126:
4124:
4122:
4120:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3744:
3742:
3740:
3738:
3736:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3669:
3667:
3648:
3623:
3621:
3619:
3592:
3556:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3511:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3299:
3109:
3107:
3105:
3048:
3046:
3033:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3019:
2225:
1899:
1883:
1798:
1756:
1683:
1568:
1237:
1165:
1158:
635:
539:
388:
292:
266:
261:
37:
4047:
664:, despite the latter's brightness and location in the sky; however, the 1870 version of the
7123:
6364:
6051:
6005:
4915:
4865:
4781:
4769:
4589:
3377:"ParlInfo - Protection of the Australian National Flag (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2006"
2857:. Snooks & Co. (6th ed.). Canberra: John Wiley & Sons Australia. p. 299.
2674:
2672:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2664:
2412:
2346:
2010:
1862:
1707:
1220:, unsuccessfully called for provisions to be added to the bill to criminalise desecration.
931:
615:
320:
233:
202:
4255:
4117:
3959:
3933:
3733:
3721:
3664:
3616:
3545:
3526:
3394:
3211:
3102:
3058:
3043:
3016:
2728:
2594:
912:
Under the Flags Act, the Australian National Flag must meet the following specifications:
8:
7108:
7063:
6988:
6502:
6414:
5861:
5827:
5757:
5602:
4500:
3004:
2992:
2373:
1777:
1591:
a staled rΓ©chauffΓ© of the British flag, with no artistic virtue, no national significance
1257:
378:
353:
297:
2661:
2074:
On 18 September 2001 during the centenary of federation the federal member for Hinkler,
2001:
in 1988. Subsequently, the flag was displayed in the Senate for the first time in 1992.
1621:
1614:
854:
Construction sheet for the flag of Australia. The length of the flag is twice the width.
6827:
6759:
6754:
6617:
6130:
5981:
5327:
3441:
1853:
The Australian flag and the Union Jack embellishing the Victoria Cross Memorial in the
1521:
1311:
1306:
The Union Flag at that stage was the one introduced in 1606, which did not include the
696:
684:
657:
400:
373:
363:
343:
315:
310:
173:
1954:
When the Flags Bill was introduced into parliament on 20 November 1953, Menzies said,
1934:
year allowing Australians to use either ensign providing it was done so respectfully.
1607:
7156:
7151:
7093:
7068:
6887:
6847:
6487:
6188:
6173:
5414:
5368:
4213:
4157:
3476:
3466:
3433:
3241:
3091:
3081:
2901:
2891:
2868:
2858:
2830:
2820:
2783:
2759:
2710:
2700:
2618:
2531:
2420:
2059:
1414:
1336:
1168:
by special command of the Sovereign and/or by direction of the Australian Government.
949:
904:
700:
653:
592:
516:
358:
243:
146:
142:
4278:
1993:
In 1977, the Australian flag was first displayed in the House of Representatives in
1480:
As Federation approached, thoughts turned to an official federal flag. In 1900, the
7174:
7141:
7113:
6963:
6877:
6862:
6729:
6724:
6577:
6532:
6215:
6198:
6161:
6154:
6024:
5988:
5964:
5892:
5885:
5587:
5558:
5399:
5394:
5389:
5337:
4242:
2461:
2428:
1986:
from 1968 to 1982 to encourage Australians to give the Australian flag precedence.
1533:
1487:
1462:
1339:, popular since the 1850s, is still widely used by boats that traverse Australia's
1209:
732:
462:
169:
5779:
5153:"Survey finds 'Southern Horizon' the favourite alternative Australian flag design"
4323:
1380:
719:
The colours of the flag, although not specified by the Flags Act, have been given
7272:
7137:
7053:
6935:
6872:
6802:
6686:
6424:
6227:
6137:
6113:
5909:
5788:
5733:
5637:
5266:
5093:
5014:
4965:
4909:
4890:
4824:
4507:
4285:
4249:
4183:
3940:
3921:
3893:
3237:
2233:
2055:
1328:
1189:
1143:
736:
688:
551:
4077:. Vol. 66, no. 3. Washington: National Geographic Society. p. 374
3356:"Protection of the Australian National Flag (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2006"
3303:
1913:). Despite the new Australian flags official use, from 1901 until the 1920s the
515:
in the upper hoist quarterβaugmented with a large white seven-pointed star (the
457:
29:
7008:
6959:
6817:
6812:
6252:
5952:
5846:
5839:
5708:
5632:
5055:"Malcolm Turnbull says Australian flag will never change, rejecting new design"
4206:
4105:. Vol. LXXXIX, no. 25, 926. South Australia. 6 March 1924. p. 11
2575:
2424:
2381:
1973:
1948:
1866:
1694:
1296:
1261:
1217:
1039:
938:
888:
692:
676:
669:
646:
584:
557:
524:
287:
154:
5429:
5007:
4627:
Ian Warden, 'How cricketing animals were kept off Australia's national flag',
3792:
3343:
Protection of the Australian National Flag (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2006
1266:
Protection of the Australian National Flag (Desecration of the Flag) Bill 2006
1138:
7285:
7205:
6978:
6950:
6654:
6572:
5627:
5617:
5607:
5597:
4330:
4217:
4096:
3480:
3437:
3290:
2416:
1736:
918:
850:
680:
661:
527:
and four, larger, seven-pointed stars). Australia also has a number of other
500:
42:
4933:
4921:
4871:
4787:
4775:
4534:
4264:
4130:
3983:
3970:
3748:
3727:
3683:
3643:
3627:
3598:
3560:
3539:
3520:
3505:
3407:
3217:
3113:
3095:
3064:
3052:
3037:
3010:
2998:
2905:
2872:
2834:
2714:
2678:
2600:
2520:
1886:(RAN) was promulgated on 5 October 1911 and was directed to fly the British
216:
6681:
6557:
6078:
6061:
6000:
5815:
5703:
5660:
5582:
4585:
2483:
2358:
2252:
2237:
2196:
2047:
1968:
1964:
1887:
1875:
1340:
1253:
1221:
1013:
997:
955:
739:
specifications for depicting the flag in print and on screen respectively.
46:
4296:
George Odgers, "The Royal Australian Navy β An Illustrated History", p. 41
3915:
National Parliament, National Symbols: From British to Australian Identity
3827:. Vol. 22, no. 1128. Sydney, N.S.W. 28 September 1901. p. 9
3460:
2270:
were also appointed flags of Australia. While mainly seen as a gesture of
1682:
The original, official painting of the opening of Old Parliament House by
1114:
6902:
6709:
6339:
5822:
5491:
5486:
3762:
3638:
3636:
2440:
2396:
2275:
1938:
1545:
1386:
1324:
1300:
1292:
1245:
971:
793:
508:
139:
3445:
3421:
3156:
2037:
On the centenary of the first flying of the flag, 3 September 2001, the
6125:
5976:
4156:. Sydney: University of New South Wales university press. p. 106.
1838:
1288:
1284:
872:
588:
567:
538:
on 3 September 1901, after being selected alongside a red version (the
512:
125:
3943:. Australian National Flag Association. Retrieved on 24 November 2014.
3820:
3633:
2469:
2384:(despite the counter argument that this is not uncommon, as seen with
2086:
The parliament house centenary flag was subsequently entrusted to the
1076:
of the flag's width, while that of the stars in the Southern Cross is
707:
A complete specification for the official design was published in the
6842:
5798:
5196:
5178:
4176:
2015:
In 1996, 3 September was proclaimed as Australian National Flag Day.
1919:
1895:
1891:
1842:
1811:
1577:
people of the Commonwealth will gaze with a thrill of national pride.
1525:
1182:
1150:
1123:
dignity it deserves as the nation's most important national symbol".
504:
3652:. No. 17, 207. Victoria, Australia. 4 September 1901. p. 9
2341:
A poster calling for a redesign of the Australian flag, released by
6527:
6482:
6321:
6210:
6149:
5880:
5527:
2489:
Historical flags of the British Empire and the overseas territories
2435:
2337:
2016:
1541:
1456:
1086:
of the flag's width, except for Epsilon, for which the fraction is
629:
3801:. No. 2383. Victoria, Australia. 7 September 1901. p. 26
1797:
specified the Blue Ensign as the Australian National Flag and the
1528:; Leslie John Hawkins, a teenager apprenticed to an optician from
1440:
1171:
On the death of the governor-general or a former governor-general.
6222:
5904:
2385:
2365:
2342:
2041:
presented the then prime minister John Howard with a flag at the
1789:
1553:
1512:
771:
723:
specifications by the Parliamentary and Government Branch of the
720:
639:
625:
619:
4154:
Flag and nation: Australians and their national flags since 1901
2780:
Flag and Nation: Australians and their national flags since 1901
6497:
6247:
5834:
2756:
The Australian flag : colonial relic or contemporary icon?
2615:
The Australian flag : colonial relic or contemporary icon?
2063:
2020:
1529:
5781:
National, regional and city flags incorporating the Union Jack
2368:(established 1981), which supports changing the flag, and the
2315:, there are three additional Australian Government flags, the
4679:
Sarah Harvey, 'Now that's a flag! Students salute big flag',
3157:
Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet (11 November 2022).
1997:. It continued to be displayed in the chamber on the opening
1764:
by armed forces during the First and Second World Wars (see:
1537:
603:
6073:
5810:
5017:. Anbg.gov.au (20 November 2007). Retrieved on 27 May 2011.
2389:
1490:(A$ 4,400 in 2021 terms). The competition conducted by the
1260:
and a burnt flag display by a Melbourne artist, Liberal MP
818:
520:
2058:
in 2003 for the opening of the Australian War Memorial in
1865:
at St Louis in 1904. In the same year, due to lobbying by
5116:"Aussie pride: what Australians love about their country"
4204:
788:
2364:
There are two lobby groups involved in the flag debate:
1874:
approached by the Department of Defence, Prime Minister
4640:'Students celebrate as the Australian flag turns 103',
4040:"The Flag Debate: Red or blue β A question of evidence"
3890:
National Archives of Australia: Flags Act 1953: History
3422:"The Territorial Boundaries of New South Wales in 1788"
1424:
4844:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 25 January 2022
4692:
Chris Owen, 'Ensign flags a very special Aussie day',
1465:, one of the winning designers for the Australian flag
583:
The Australian flag uses three prominent symbols: the
4751:"Her Majesty the Queen's Personal Flag for Australia"
2580:
Australian Government Federal Register of Legislation
2521:
Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (2022).
1963:
This status was formalised on 14 February 1954, when
7204:
5008:
The Australian Flag β Similar and Related Flags
4884:
Explanatory Statement accompanying 2008 proclamation
4566:
3956:, University of New South Wales press, 2006, p. 106.
2451:
2208:
flags as they are often displayed at official events
1686:, showing numerous Red Ensigns alongside Union Flags
1532:; Egbert John Nuttall, an architect from Melbourne;
1572:newspaper was also celebratory in nature, stating,
1551:The flag's initial reception was mixed. Readers of
534:The original version of the flag first flew as the
176:, Lesley Hawkins, Egbert Nutall and William Stevens
5092:. Roy Morgan Research. 13 May 2010. Archived from
4333:. Home.alphalink.com.au. Retrieved on 27 May 2011.
3289:
2311:In addition to the seven flags declared under the
2069:
1486:conducted a design competition with a prize of 25
5090:"Clear Majority Want to Keep the Australian flag"
4934:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
4922:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
4872:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
4788:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
4776:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
4535:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
4265:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
4131:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3971:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3883:
3749:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3728:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3684:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3628:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3599:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3561:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3540:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3521:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3506:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3408:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3218:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3125:
3114:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3065:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3053:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3038:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
3011:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
2999:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
2679:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
2601:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 2022
941:) in the half of the flag further from the staff.
106:(current seven-pointed Commonwealth Star version)
7283:
4903:Legislative Instruments enabled by the Flags Act
4243:History of the Australian national flag (Part 3)
2920:"Commercial use of the Australian National Flag"
1602:
4653:Annelie Hailes, 'Huge flag for a big country',
3229:Department of the Parliamentary Library. 2003.
2576:"Commonwealth of Australia Gazette 1908 No. 65"
1861:The Blue Ensign replaced the Union Jack at the
1814:in recognition of its historical significance.
1250:Australian flags (Desecration of the Flag) Bill
1066:The outer diameter of the Commonwealth Star is
566:and given priority for the first time over the
550:. A slightly simplified version as approved by
531:representing its people and government bodies.
2855:Style manual for authors, editors and printers
2606:
1890:on the stern and the flag of Australia on the
729:Style Manual for Authors, Editors and Printers
7190:
5765:
5543:
5212:
5175:βDepartment of the Prime Minister and Cabinet
3763:"Construction Details of the Australian flag"
3704:"How the Australian National flag was chosen"
3465:. North Sydney, NSW: Random House Australia.
2568:
1540:; and William Stevens, a ship's officer from
480:
6018:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4719:Cabinet, Prime Minister and (27 June 2016).
2924:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet
2758:. Sydney: Federation Press. pp. 29β30.
2558:
2556:
1581:Alternatively, the then republican magazine
1132:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet
1000:β 7-pointed star, straight above centre fly
958:β 7-pointed star, straight below centre fly
916:the Union Jack occupying the upper quarter (
725:Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet
523:constellation, made up of five white stars (
5517:Parliament house centenary flag (Australia)
4976:
4974:
4666:'Special day flagged by Central students',
1828:
1739:announced in the Commonwealth Gazette that
600:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
528:
7197:
7183:
5772:
5758:
5550:
5536:
5219:
5205:
4207:"Commonwealth of Australia Gazette: GN 26"
4113:– via National Library of Australia.
3835:– via National Library of Australia.
3809:– via National Library of Australia.
3318:"New bill for desecrating Australian flag"
2852:
2403:and in 1998 sponsored an amendment to the
2032:
1185:the flag is flown at half-mast until noon.
859:Constituent parts of the flag of Australia
487:
473:
4818:Aboriginal Tent Embassy: Icon or Eyesore?
4798:
4796:
4252:. Flagspot.net. Retrieved on 27 May 2011.
4205:Commonwealth of Australia (2 July 2008).
4186:. Flagspot.net. Retrieved on 27 May 2011.
2979:
2977:
2975:
2553:
2129:Flag of the Governor-General of Australia
2093:
1747:
1208:There have been several attempts to make
952:β 7-pointed star, centred in lower hoist.
945:The location of the stars is as follows:
602:, the Union Flag combined three heraldic
598:In its original usage as the flag of the
4971:
4959:Question without Notice: Australian Flag
4545:
4543:
3163:Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet
2617:. Sydney: Federation Press. p. 18.
2336:
2195:
1848:
1832:
1788:
1751:
1706:
1476:Entries for the Federal Flag Competition
1471:
1137:
1113:
849:
4718:
4389:
4387:
4377:
4375:
4279:Source: Australian Army Military Orders
3879:
3877:
3875:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3760:
2819:. Barton, A.C.T.: The Dept. p. 5.
2530:(3rd ed.). Australian Government.
2357:, and during the Prime Ministership of
2131:(adopted 1936, modified circa 1950-60s)
7284:
5226:
5193:βIncludes the Federal Flag Competition
4944:
4942:
4793:
4644:(Acacia Ridge), 8 September 2004, p. 3
4584:
4465:
4229:
4227:
4068:
4062:
3609:
3607:
3572:
3256:
2972:
1310:; it was included from 1801 after the
7317:Flags that incorporate the Union Jack
7178:
5753:
5531:
5200:
5150:
4743:
4540:
4456:Elizabeth Kwan, Flag and Nation, 2004
3698:
3696:
3694:
3692:
3575:"Eureka Flag heralds winds of change"
2934:from the original on 15 November 2017
2848:
2846:
2844:
2753:
2691:
2689:
2687:
2612:
1911:Flags of the Australian Defence Force
1766:Flags of the Australian Defence Force
1524:, a fourteen-year-old schoolboy from
5557:
4830:
4731:from the original on 1 December 2017
4572:
4497:Australian National Flag Association
4384:
4372:
4189:
4151:
3866:
3458:
3419:
3287:
3257:Hudson, Phillip (16 November 2002).
3199:from the original on 4 December 2017
3159:"Flag announcement: Remembrance Day"
2370:Australian National Flag Association
2257:Royal Standard of the United Kingdom
2039:Australian National Flag Association
1941:issued a similar statement in 1947.
1711:First raising of the Australian flag
1431:1901 Federal Flag Design Competition
1425:1901 Federal Flag Design Competition
1299:established a convict settlement at
4939:
4345:
4308:
4299:
4224:
3857:
3839:
3604:
3128:"Ceremonial protocols and guidance"
2297:, and by the Minister for Defence.
2019:celebrations had been occurring in
937:five white stars (representing the
13:
5079:Source: Newspoll, 25 January 2004.
4631:(Canberra), 4 September 2002, p. 7
4441:
4336:
4069:Booker, Herbert (September 1934).
3761:Thomson, Jeff (10 November 2015).
3689:
3573:Wright, Clare (28 November 2014).
3291:"Bid to ban burning of flag fails"
3288:Farr, Malcom (17 September 2003).
3169:from the original on 7 August 2023
3138:from the original on 7 August 2023
2912:
2841:
2684:
2027:
215:
153:quarter and the five stars of the
14:
7353:
7307:Flags adopted through competition
6429:Flags inspired by the Union Jack
5477:Prime Minister Sir Robert Menzies
5189:Review of Reviews for Australasia
5166:
4607:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
4485:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
3487:from the original on 18 July 2021
3269:from the original on 2 March 2007
2800:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
2563:Commonwealth of Australia Gazette
2547:from the original on 17 May 2023.
2222:Royal Australian Air Force Ensign
2159:Royal Australian Air Force Ensign
1492:Review of Reviews for Australasia
1278:Timeline of the flag of Australia
7297:1908 establishments in Australia
7266:
7150:
7136:
7122:
7107:
7092:
7077:
7062:
7047:
7039:Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla
7032:
7017:
7002:
6987:
6972:
6958:
6944:
6929:
6915:
6901:
6886:
6871:
6856:
6841:
6826:
6811:
6796:
6781:
6767:
6753:
6738:
6723:
6708:
6680:
6649:
6616:
6601:
6571:
6556:
6541:
6526:
6511:
6496:
6457:
6445:
6433:
6419:
6409:
6369:
6359:
6349:
6338:
6316:
6283:
6271:
6246:
6221:
6209:
6197:
6172:
6160:
6148:
6136:
6124:
6112:
6072:
6060:
6035:
6023:
6011:
5999:
5987:
5975:
5963:
5951:
5939:
5927:
5915:
5903:
5891:
5879:
5845:
5833:
5821:
5809:
5797:
5512:Queen's Personal Australian Flag
5144:
5108:
5082:
5073:
5047:
5038:
5029:
5020:
5001:
4992:
4983:
4951:
4896:
4877:
4856:
4805:
4712:
4699:
4686:
4673:
4660:
4647:
4634:
4621:
4612:
4600:
4578:
4552:
3660:– via National Library of.
2735:from the original on 16 May 2013
2582:. 19 December 1908. p. 1709
2501:
2468:
2454:
2317:Australian Civil Aviation Ensign
2302:Legislative Instruments Act 2003
2295:Australian Defence Force Academy
2278:describing it as divisive. Some
2249:Queen's Personal Australian flag
2181:
2176:(designed 1971, proclaimed 1995)
2166:
2151:
2136:
2121:
2106:
2078:, requested to the speaker that
1898:after its use for the review of
1693:
1675:
1663:As the design was basically the
1649:
1641:
1633:
1632:competition winning design
1620:
1613:
1606:
1455:
1439:
1407:
1393:
1379:
1365:
1351:
1164:On the death of a member of the
1142:Australian flag at half-mast on
1096:. Each star's inner diameter is
896:
880:
863:
456:
59:
54:
49:
28:
5482:Anti-Transportation League Flag
5151:Smith, Mark (26 January 2016).
4512:
4490:
4478:
4459:
4450:
4432:
4417:
4402:
4363:
4354:
4317:
4290:
4270:
4236:
4198:
4170:
4145:
4136:
4089:
4032:
4023:
4001:
3976:
3946:
3927:
3908:
3848:
3813:
3785:
3767:FOTW Flags Of The World website
3754:
3566:
3452:
3413:
3369:
3348:
3336:
3310:
3281:
3259:"PM defends right to burn flag"
3250:
3223:
3181:
3150:
3119:
3070:
2946:
2879:
2808:
2793:
2772:
2476:Heraldry and Vexillology portal
2395:The Coalition government under
2291:Australian Defence Force Ensign
2189:Australian Defence Force Ensign
2070:Parliament house centenary flag
1648:As approved by King Edward VII
1640:Blue version of winning design
1401:Anti-Transportation League Flag
1333:Anti-Transportation League Flag
1291:. Following the arrival of the
1276:For a chronological guide, see
845:
679:is one of the most distinctive
608:countries of the United Kingdom
7322:Flags with blue, red and white
5934:British Indian Ocean Territory
5578:Federated States of Micronesia
4466:Madden, Cathy (22 June 2023).
4177:Commonwealth of Australia Flag
3132:Australian Government: Defence
2954:"Union Flag: approved designs"
2747:
2721:
2631:
2355:Australian Bicentenary in 1988
2326:
2282:, such as the flag's designer
1820:Shipping Registration Act 1981
1801:as the merchant shipping flag.
727:. The Australian Government's
519:) and a representation of the
1:
7337:National symbols of Australia
5374:North Queensland (separatist)
4705:Iconic flag to tour Warwick,
3984:"Armistice Day, Sydney, 1918"
2514:
2345:in 2000 to coincide with the
2306:Governor-General of Australia
2161:(adopted 1949, modified 1982)
2116:(adopted 1935, modified 1948)
842:(Pantone 280C, Hex: 012169).
6773:British South Africa Company
5298:Australian Capital Territory
5267:Boxing Kangaroo (unofficial)
4815:, July 1995, p. 3, cited in
4501:History of National Flag Day
3078:The Australian National Flag
2890:. Barton, A.C.T.: The Dept.
2401:Australian National Flag Day
2321:Australian Border Force Flag
2218:Royal Australian Navy Ensign
2144:Royal Australian Navy Ensign
1837:The Australian flag and the
1730:Australian National Flag Day
1718:Hersey, Countess of Hopetoun
1327:(which came into use at the
1252:was tabled in Parliament by
668:featured the pointer stars,
124:and given priority over the
7:
6452:Newfoundland & Labrador
5922:British Antarctic Territory
4683:, p. 4 September 2012, p. 1
4609:No. S382, 20 September 2001
4590:"The Crimson Thread Speech"
3189:"Commonwealth Flag Network"
2729:"South Australia 1870β1876"
2447:
2268:Torres Strait Islander flag
2004:
1109:
525:one small five-pointed star
10:
7358:
6863:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
2958:www.college-of-arms.gov.uk
2330:
2230:Royal Australian Air Force
2174:Australian Aboriginal flag
2097:
2008:
1566:The report carried by the
1557:newspaper were told that,
1428:
1373:Australian Federation Flag
1275:
1271:
1149:When the flag is flown at
873:flag of the United Kingdom
714:
610:(as constituted in 1801):
578:
7263:
7242:
7216:
6698:
6666:
6634:
6589:
6481:
6474:
6464:St. Pierre & Miquelon
6405:List of New Zealand flags
6387:
6330:
6309:
6302:
6278:Somerset County, Maryland
6261:
6236:
6187:
6102:
6091:
6050:
5869:
5860:
5787:
5669:
5646:
5565:
5464:
5438:
5382:
5361:
5290:
5234:
5157:Western Sydney University
4657:, 4 September 2009, p. 33
4561:Royal Exhibition Building
3886:"Documenting a Democracy"
3579:The Sydney Morning Herald
3322:The Sydney Morning Herald
2200:The Australian national,
2043:Royal Exhibition Building
1517:Royal Exhibition Building
1203:Collingwood Football Club
1062:down from the centre fly.
817:
787:
770:
765:
763:
761:
759:
756:
695:, in decreasing order of
573:
180:
165:
134:
75:
67:
36:
27:
23:
7312:Flags introduced in 1901
6788:British Windward Islands
6395:List of Australian flags
6096:administrative divisions
6042:Turks and Caicos Islands
5724:Northern Mariana Islands
5507:Van Diemen's Land Ensign
5173:Australian National Flag
4696:, 3 September 2013, p. 2
4670:, 2 September 2010, p. 6
4487:No. S321, 28 August 1996
4152:Kwan, Elizabeth (2006).
3920:13 February 2014 at the
3420:King, Robert J. (1981).
2754:Foley, Carol A. (1996).
2613:Foley, Carol A. (1996).
2494:
2224:, the flags used by the
2100:List of Australian flags
1944:On 4 December 1950, the
1829:Status of the Union Jack
564:Australian National Flag
536:Commonwealth blue ensign
507:is based on the British
191:This article is part of
122:Australian National Flag
6745:British Leeward Islands
5689:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
5353:Governors of the States
5308:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
4998:Kwan, pp. 131β137.
4980:Kwan, pp. 138β139.
4964:6 February 2009 at the
4948:Kwan, pp. 125β129.
4908:12 January 2009 at the
4889:12 January 2009 at the
4838:"Who is Harold Thomas?"
4518:Kwan, pp. 136β138, 144.
4472:Parliament of Australia
4438:Kwan, pp. 104β105, 109.
4284:5 February 2012 at the
4182:26 January 2005 at the
4102:The Register (Adelaide)
3939:20 October 2014 at the
3884:Commonwealth Document.
3126:Australian Government.
2960:. College of Arms. 2023
2928:Government of Australia
2778:Kwan, Elizabeth. 2006.
2565:No. 8, 20 February 1903
2212:Under Section 5 of the
2088:Australian flag Society
2033:Centenary flag of state
1907:Australian White Ensign
1855:Queen Victoria Building
1500:Commonwealth Government
1308:Saint Patrick's Saltire
1036:up from the centre fly.
994:up from the centre fly.
666:flag of South Australia
511:βa blue field with the
97:; 115 years ago
83:; 121 years ago
7243:National coats of arms
7024:Rhodesia and Nyasaland
6375:Taunton, Massachusetts
6345:Baton Rouge, Louisiana
5946:British Virgin Islands
5502:National Colonial Flag
5291:States and territories
5252:Torres Strait Islander
4957:Hansard. 2 June 1994.
4468:"Flags in the Chamber"
4324:The Status Of The Flag
3236:4 October 2013 at the
2349:
2333:Australian flag debate
2251:was approved by Queen
2242:Royal Air Force Ensign
2209:
2206:Torres Strait Islander
2094:Other Australian flags
2084:
1961:
1858:
1846:
1802:
1760:
1748:Blue versus red ensign
1712:
1597:
1579:
1564:
1477:
1359:National Colonial Flag
1316:National Colonial Flag
1244:. The Prime Minister,
1226:private member's bills
1146:
1119:
855:
220:
111:; 70 years ago
7255:Dependent territories
7229:Dependent territories
6400:List of British flags
5862:Dependent territories
5672:and other territories
5262:Civil Aviation Ensign
5013:14 March 2011 at the
4755:Royal Australian Navy
4506:17 March 2012 at the
3934:Federal Flag and Seal
3924:Elizabeth Kwan Pg 110
3649:The Argus (Melbourne)
3644:"The Australian flag"
2803:No. 18, 23 March 1934
2340:
2226:Royal Australian Navy
2199:
2080:
1956:
1909:on 1 March 1967 (see
1884:Royal Australian Navy
1852:
1836:
1792:
1757:Australian red ensign
1755:
1710:
1684:Harold Septimus Power
1589:
1574:
1559:
1475:
1141:
1117:
1052:of the way right and
1026:of the way right and
853:
262:Monarchy of Australia
219:
81:11 February 1903
7342:Southern Cross flags
6593:external territories
6365:New Castle, Delaware
5472:British Empire flags
5446:Defence Force Ensign
4694:The Queensland Times
4681:The Queensland Times
4668:The Queensland Times
4277:ceremonial parades.
4071:"Flags of the World"
3459:Hill, David (2009).
2413:2000 Summer Olympics
2399:in 1996 established
2347:2000 Summer Olympics
2011:Flag Day (Australia)
1999:New Parliament House
1995:Old Parliament House
1726:7th Earl of Hopetoun
1157:On the death of the
984:of the way left and
968:up from bottom edge.
709:Commonwealth Gazette
606:which represent the
448:World Heritage Sites
95:8 December 1908
7273:Heraldry portal
7114:Straits Settlements
6290:Westmoreland County
5191:, 20 September 1901
5132:on 13 February 2014
4862:Kwan, pp. 116, 126.
4588:(6 February 1890).
4329:31 October 2004 at
4248:14 May 2011 at the
4142:Kwan, 2006, p. 106.
4075:National Geographic
3793:"EXHIBITION OPENED"
3381:parlinfo.aph.gov.au
3296:The Daily Telegraph
2853:Australia. (2002).
1778:National Geographic
1446:The edition of the
1258:2005 Cronulla riots
1010:down from top edge.
672:and Beta Centauri.
624:The white diagonal
275:Arts and literature
120:(designated as the
20:
7327:Flags with cantons
7292:Flags of Australia
6833:East India Company
6760:British Somaliland
6488:independent states
6189:Canadian provinces
5323:Northern Territory
5228:Flags of Australia
5183:Flags of the World
5044:Kwan, p. 144.
5035:Kwan, p. 137.
5026:Kwan, p. 116.
4936:, pp. 46, 53.
4912:, ComLaw database.
4893:, ComLaw database.
4823:7 May 2006 at the
4802:Kwan, pp. 133β135.
4721:"Australian flags"
4707:Warwick Daily News
4629:The Canberra Times
4549:Kwan, pp. 140β141.
4097:"THE EMPIRE FLAGS"
4044:flagsociety.org.au
3508:, pp. 46, 60.
2930:. 17 August 2016.
2888:Australian symbols
2817:Australian symbols
2350:
2210:
1965:Queen Elizabeth II
1859:
1847:
1803:
1761:
1713:
1478:
1312:Acts of Union 1801
1147:
1120:
1042:β 5-pointed star,
1016:β 7-pointed star,
974:β 7-pointed star,
934:in the Union Jack;
871:Flags forming the
856:
658:Territory of Papua
636:St Patrick's Cross
221:
18:
7279:
7278:
7172:
7171:
7168:
7167:
7161:
7146:
7133:
7118:
7103:
7099:Southern Rhodesia
7088:
7073:
7058:
7043:
7028:
7013:
6998:
6983:
6968:
6955:
6940:
6925:
6912:
6897:
6882:
6867:
6852:
6837:
6822:
6807:
6792:
6777:
6764:
6749:
6734:
6719:
6691:
6659:
6627:
6612:
6582:
6567:
6552:
6537:
6522:
6507:
6383:
6382:
6298:
6297:
6179:Western Australia
6104:Australian states
6092:States, provinces
6087:
6086:
5747:
5746:
5739:Wallis and Futuna
5647:Associated states
5525:
5524:
5348:Western Australia
5061:. 25 January 2018
4811:Harold Thomas in
4757:. 5 November 2014
4537:, pp. 35β36.
4163:978-0-86840-567-4
3601:, pp. 63β64.
3523:, pp. 60β62.
3472:978-1-74166-800-1
2421:Commonwealth Star
2280:Indigenous people
2191:(proclaimed 2000)
1720:(the wife of the
1661:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1536:, an artist from
1508:Review of Reviews
1504:Review of Reviews
1488:Australian pounds
1448:Review of Reviews
1415:Murray River Flag
1337:Murray River Flag
950:Commonwealth Star
932:St George's Cross
905:Commonwealth Star
835:
834:
701:British Admiralty
654:Commonwealth Star
634:The red diagonal
626:St Andrew's Cross
616:St George's Cross
593:Commonwealth Star
517:Commonwealth Star
497:
496:
206:
184:
183:
147:Commonwealth Star
109:8 April 1954
19:Flag of Australia
7349:
7271:
7270:
7269:
7250:Sovereign states
7224:Sovereign states
7199:
7192:
7185:
7176:
7175:
7159:
7155:
7154:
7144:
7140:
7131:
7127:
7126:
7116:
7112:
7111:
7101:
7097:
7096:
7086:
7082:
7081:
7071:
7067:
7066:
7056:
7052:
7051:
7041:
7037:
7036:
7026:
7022:
7021:
7011:
7007:
7006:
6996:
6992:
6991:
6981:
6977:
6976:
6966:
6962:
6953:
6949:
6948:
6938:
6934:
6933:
6923:
6919:
6910:
6906:
6905:
6895:
6891:
6890:
6880:
6876:
6875:
6865:
6861:
6860:
6850:
6846:
6845:
6835:
6831:
6830:
6820:
6816:
6815:
6805:
6801:
6800:
6790:
6786:
6785:
6775:
6771:
6762:
6758:
6757:
6747:
6743:
6742:
6732:
6730:British Cameroon
6728:
6727:
6717:
6713:
6712:
6689:
6685:
6684:
6657:
6653:
6625:
6621:
6620:
6610:
6606:
6605:
6580:
6576:
6575:
6565:
6561:
6560:
6550:
6546:
6545:
6535:
6531:
6530:
6520:
6516:
6515:
6505:
6501:
6500:
6479:
6478:
6462:
6461:
6450:
6449:
6438:
6437:
6423:
6422:
6413:
6412:
6373:
6372:
6363:
6362:
6353:
6352:
6343:
6342:
6320:
6319:
6307:
6306:
6288:
6287:
6276:
6275:
6251:
6250:
6226:
6225:
6214:
6213:
6204:British Columbia
6202:
6201:
6177:
6176:
6165:
6164:
6153:
6152:
6141:
6140:
6129:
6128:
6117:
6116:
6100:
6099:
6077:
6076:
6065:
6064:
6040:
6039:
6030:Tristan da Cunha
6028:
6027:
6016:
6015:
6004:
6003:
5994:Pitcairn Islands
5992:
5991:
5980:
5979:
5970:Falkland Islands
5968:
5967:
5956:
5955:
5944:
5943:
5932:
5931:
5920:
5919:
5908:
5907:
5898:Ascension Island
5896:
5895:
5884:
5883:
5867:
5866:
5850:
5849:
5838:
5837:
5826:
5825:
5814:
5813:
5802:
5801:
5789:Sovereign states
5774:
5767:
5760:
5751:
5750:
5729:Pitcairn Islands
5699:French Polynesia
5684:Christmas Island
5613:Papua New Guinea
5593:Marshall Islands
5566:Sovereign states
5559:Flags of Oceania
5552:
5545:
5538:
5529:
5528:
5451:Air Force Ensign
5383:Cities and towns
5303:Christmas Island
5272:Governor-General
5221:
5214:
5207:
5198:
5197:
5161:
5160:
5148:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5137:
5131:
5125:. Archived from
5123:Mccrindle.com.au
5120:
5112:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5096:on 11 April 2012
5086:
5080:
5077:
5071:
5070:
5068:
5066:
5051:
5045:
5042:
5036:
5033:
5027:
5024:
5018:
5005:
4999:
4996:
4990:
4987:
4981:
4978:
4969:
4955:
4949:
4946:
4937:
4931:
4925:
4919:
4913:
4900:
4894:
4881:
4875:
4869:
4863:
4860:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4849:
4834:
4828:
4813:Land Rights News
4809:
4803:
4800:
4791:
4785:
4779:
4773:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4762:
4747:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4716:
4710:
4703:
4697:
4690:
4684:
4677:
4671:
4664:
4658:
4651:
4645:
4638:
4632:
4625:
4619:
4616:
4610:
4604:
4598:
4597:
4582:
4576:
4570:
4564:
4556:
4550:
4547:
4538:
4532:
4519:
4516:
4510:
4494:
4488:
4482:
4476:
4475:
4463:
4457:
4454:
4448:
4445:
4439:
4436:
4430:
4421:
4415:
4406:
4400:
4391:
4382:
4379:
4370:
4367:
4361:
4358:
4352:
4349:
4343:
4340:
4334:
4321:
4315:
4312:
4306:
4303:
4297:
4294:
4288:
4274:
4268:
4262:
4253:
4240:
4234:
4231:
4222:
4221:
4211:
4202:
4196:
4193:
4187:
4174:
4168:
4167:
4149:
4143:
4140:
4134:
4128:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4110:
4093:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4082:
4066:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4046:. Archived from
4036:
4030:
4029:Kwan, pp. 84β85.
4027:
4021:
4020:
4018:
4016:
4005:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3994:
3980:
3974:
3968:
3957:
3952:Elizabeth Kwan,
3950:
3944:
3931:
3925:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3892:. Archived from
3881:
3864:
3861:
3855:
3854:Kwan, pp. 19β22.
3852:
3846:
3843:
3837:
3836:
3834:
3832:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3789:
3783:
3782:
3776:
3774:
3758:
3752:
3746:
3731:
3725:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3714:
3700:
3687:
3681:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3640:
3631:
3625:
3614:
3611:
3602:
3596:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3570:
3564:
3558:
3543:
3537:
3524:
3518:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3426:The Great Circle
3417:
3411:
3405:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3352:
3346:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3293:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3254:
3248:
3227:
3221:
3215:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3123:
3117:
3111:
3100:
3099:
3074:
3068:
3062:
3056:
3050:
3041:
3035:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2981:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2916:
2910:
2909:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2850:
2839:
2838:
2812:
2806:
2797:
2791:
2776:
2770:
2769:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2742:
2740:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2697:Australian flags
2693:
2682:
2676:
2659:
2658:
2652:
2650:
2635:
2629:
2628:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2587:
2572:
2566:
2560:
2548:
2546:
2529:
2524:Australian flags
2508:
2505:
2478:
2473:
2472:
2464:
2462:Australia portal
2459:
2458:
2457:
2429:Malcolm Turnbull
2185:
2170:
2155:
2140:
2125:
2114:Civil Air Ensign
2110:
1979:governor-general
1845:ceremony in 1937
1775:A 1934 issue of
1770:Parliament House
1722:Governor-General
1697:
1679:
1653:
1645:
1637:
1630:Melbourne Herald
1624:
1617:
1610:
1603:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1534:Annie Dorrington
1483:Melbourne Herald
1463:Annie Dorrington
1459:
1443:
1411:
1397:
1383:
1369:
1355:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1009:
1008:
1004:
993:
992:
988:
983:
982:
978:
967:
966:
962:
907:
900:
891:
884:
875:
867:
742:
741:
489:
482:
475:
463:Australia portal
460:
437:National colours
255:Multiculturalism
209:
204:
196:
186:
185:
170:Annie Dorrington
166:Designed by
119:
117:
112:
105:
103:
98:
91:
89:
84:
63:
58:
53:
32:
21:
17:
7357:
7356:
7352:
7351:
7350:
7348:
7347:
7346:
7282:
7281:
7280:
7275:
7267:
7265:
7259:
7238:
7212:
7203:
7173:
7164:
7149:
7142:United Colonies
7121:
7106:
7091:
7084:Solomon Islands
7076:
7061:
7046:
7031:
7016:
7001:
6986:
6971:
6943:
6928:
6900:
6885:
6878:Gilbert Islands
6870:
6855:
6840:
6825:
6810:
6795:
6780:
6752:
6737:
6722:
6707:
6694:
6679:
6670:
6662:
6642:trust territory
6639:
6630:
6615:
6600:
6592:
6585:
6570:
6555:
6540:
6525:
6510:
6495:
6485:
6470:
6456:
6444:
6432:
6425:George Rex Flag
6420:
6410:
6379:
6370:
6360:
6355:Mobile, Alabama
6350:
6337:
6326:
6317:
6294:
6282:
6270:
6257:
6245:
6232:
6220:
6208:
6196:
6183:
6171:
6159:
6147:
6143:South Australia
6135:
6123:
6119:New South Wales
6111:
6095:
6093:
6083:
6071:
6059:
6046:
6034:
6022:
6010:
5998:
5986:
5974:
5962:
5950:
5938:
5926:
5914:
5902:
5890:
5878:
5856:
5844:
5832:
5820:
5808:
5796:
5783:
5778:
5748:
5743:
5671:
5665:
5648:
5642:
5623:Solomon Islands
5561:
5556:
5526:
5521:
5497:Federation Flag
5460:
5434:
5378:
5357:
5333:South Australia
5313:New South Wales
5286:
5230:
5225:
5169:
5164:
5149:
5145:
5135:
5133:
5129:
5118:
5114:
5113:
5109:
5099:
5097:
5088:
5087:
5083:
5078:
5074:
5064:
5062:
5053:
5052:
5048:
5043:
5039:
5034:
5030:
5025:
5021:
5015:Wayback Machine
5006:
5002:
4997:
4993:
4988:
4984:
4979:
4972:
4968:, p. 1318.
4966:Wayback Machine
4956:
4952:
4947:
4940:
4932:
4928:
4920:
4916:
4910:Wayback Machine
4901:
4897:
4891:Wayback Machine
4882:
4878:
4870:
4866:
4861:
4857:
4847:
4845:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4825:Wayback Machine
4810:
4806:
4801:
4794:
4786:
4782:
4774:
4770:
4760:
4758:
4749:
4748:
4744:
4734:
4732:
4717:
4713:
4704:
4700:
4691:
4687:
4678:
4674:
4665:
4661:
4652:
4648:
4639:
4635:
4626:
4622:
4617:
4613:
4605:
4601:
4583:
4579:
4571:
4567:
4557:
4553:
4548:
4541:
4533:
4522:
4517:
4513:
4508:Wayback Machine
4495:
4491:
4483:
4479:
4464:
4460:
4455:
4451:
4446:
4442:
4437:
4433:
4422:
4418:
4407:
4403:
4392:
4385:
4380:
4373:
4368:
4364:
4359:
4355:
4350:
4346:
4341:
4337:
4322:
4318:
4313:
4309:
4304:
4300:
4295:
4291:
4286:Wayback Machine
4275:
4271:
4263:
4256:
4250:Wayback Machine
4241:
4237:
4232:
4225:
4209:
4203:
4199:
4194:
4190:
4184:Wayback Machine
4175:
4171:
4164:
4150:
4146:
4141:
4137:
4129:
4118:
4108:
4106:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4080:
4078:
4067:
4063:
4053:
4051:
4050:on 17 July 2011
4038:
4037:
4033:
4028:
4024:
4014:
4012:
4007:
4006:
4002:
3992:
3990:
3982:
3981:
3977:
3969:
3960:
3954:Flag and Nation
3951:
3947:
3941:Wayback Machine
3932:
3928:
3922:Wayback Machine
3913:
3909:
3899:
3897:
3882:
3867:
3862:
3858:
3853:
3849:
3844:
3840:
3830:
3828:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3804:
3802:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3772:
3770:
3759:
3755:
3747:
3734:
3726:
3722:
3712:
3710:
3702:
3701:
3690:
3682:
3665:
3655:
3653:
3642:
3641:
3634:
3626:
3617:
3612:
3605:
3597:
3593:
3583:
3581:
3571:
3567:
3559:
3546:
3538:
3527:
3519:
3512:
3504:
3500:
3490:
3488:
3473:
3457:
3453:
3418:
3414:
3406:
3395:
3385:
3383:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3360:
3358:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3341:
3337:
3327:
3325:
3324:. 27 March 2006
3316:
3315:
3311:
3286:
3282:
3272:
3270:
3255:
3251:
3238:Wayback Machine
3228:
3224:
3216:
3212:
3202:
3200:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3172:
3170:
3155:
3151:
3141:
3139:
3124:
3120:
3112:
3103:
3088:
3076:
3075:
3071:
3063:
3059:
3051:
3044:
3036:
3017:
3009:
3005:
2997:
2993:
2982:
2973:
2963:
2961:
2952:
2951:
2947:
2937:
2935:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2898:
2884:
2880:
2865:
2851:
2842:
2827:
2813:
2809:
2798:
2794:
2777:
2773:
2766:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2707:
2695:
2694:
2685:
2677:
2662:
2648:
2646:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2625:
2611:
2607:
2603:, pp. 4β6.
2599:
2595:
2585:
2583:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2561:
2554:
2544:
2538:
2527:
2517:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2502:
2497:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2335:
2329:
2264:Aboriginal flag
2234:Australian Army
2192:
2186:
2177:
2171:
2162:
2156:
2147:
2141:
2132:
2126:
2117:
2111:
2102:
2096:
2072:
2056:Remembrance Day
2035:
2030:
2028:Centenary flags
2013:
2007:
1937:Prime Minister
1924:Queen Elizabeth
1915:Federation Flag
1831:
1759:in maritime use
1750:
1741:King Edward VII
1705:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1680:
1592:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1460:
1452:
1451:
1444:
1433:
1427:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1412:
1403:
1398:
1389:
1384:
1375:
1370:
1361:
1356:
1329:Eureka Stockade
1321:Federation Flag
1281:
1274:
1264:introduced the
1190:Remembrance Day
1144:Remembrance Day
1118:The flag flying
1112:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1006:
1002:
1001:
990:
986:
985:
980:
976:
975:
964:
960:
959:
908:
903:
901:
892:
887:
885:
876:
870:
868:
848:
826:0%β100%β100%β0%
810:
805:
800:
791:
717:
581:
576:
552:King Edward VII
546:held following
493:
461:
441:
306:Performing arts
304:
246:
207:
203:
190:
115:
113:
110:
101:
99:
96:
92:
87:
85:
82:
12:
11:
5:
7355:
7345:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7332:National flags
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7294:
7277:
7276:
7264:
7261:
7260:
7258:
7257:
7252:
7246:
7244:
7240:
7239:
7237:
7236:
7231:
7226:
7220:
7218:
7217:National flags
7214:
7213:
7206:National flags
7202:
7201:
7194:
7187:
7179:
7170:
7169:
7166:
7165:
7163:
7162:
7147:
7134:
7119:
7104:
7089:
7074:
7059:
7044:
7029:
7014:
6999:
6984:
6969:
6964:Mosquito Coast
6956:
6941:
6926:
6921:Ionian Islands
6913:
6898:
6883:
6868:
6853:
6838:
6823:
6808:
6793:
6778:
6765:
6750:
6735:
6720:
6704:
6702:
6696:
6695:
6693:
6692:
6676:
6674:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6660:
6646:
6644:
6632:
6631:
6629:
6628:
6613:
6597:
6595:
6587:
6586:
6584:
6583:
6568:
6553:
6538:
6523:
6508:
6492:
6490:
6476:
6472:
6471:
6469:
6468:
6467:
6466:
6454:
6442:
6440:Basque Country
6427:
6417:
6415:British Empire
6407:
6402:
6397:
6391:
6389:
6385:
6384:
6381:
6380:
6378:
6377:
6367:
6357:
6347:
6334:
6332:
6328:
6327:
6325:
6324:
6313:
6311:
6304:
6300:
6299:
6296:
6295:
6293:
6292:
6280:
6267:
6265:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6255:
6242:
6240:
6234:
6233:
6231:
6230:
6218:
6206:
6193:
6191:
6185:
6184:
6182:
6181:
6169:
6157:
6145:
6133:
6121:
6108:
6106:
6097:
6089:
6088:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6069:
6056:
6054:
6048:
6047:
6045:
6044:
6032:
6020:
6008:
5996:
5984:
5972:
5960:
5958:Cayman Islands
5948:
5936:
5924:
5912:
5900:
5888:
5875:
5873:
5871:United Kingdom
5864:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5854:
5852:United Kingdom
5842:
5830:
5818:
5806:
5793:
5791:
5785:
5784:
5777:
5776:
5769:
5762:
5754:
5745:
5744:
5742:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5719:Norfolk Island
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5679:American Samoa
5675:
5673:
5667:
5666:
5664:
5663:
5658:
5652:
5650:
5649:of New Zealand
5644:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5569:
5567:
5563:
5562:
5555:
5554:
5547:
5540:
5532:
5523:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5468:
5466:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5442:
5440:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5386:
5384:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5376:
5371:
5365:
5363:
5359:
5358:
5356:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5318:Norfolk Island
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5294:
5292:
5288:
5287:
5285:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5238:
5236:
5232:
5231:
5224:
5223:
5216:
5209:
5201:
5195:
5194:
5185:
5176:
5168:
5167:External links
5165:
5163:
5162:
5143:
5107:
5081:
5072:
5046:
5037:
5028:
5019:
5000:
4991:
4982:
4970:
4950:
4938:
4926:
4914:
4895:
4876:
4864:
4855:
4829:
4804:
4792:
4780:
4768:
4742:
4725:www.pmc.gov.au
4711:
4698:
4685:
4672:
4659:
4646:
4633:
4620:
4611:
4599:
4594:Foundation1901
4577:
4575:, p. 140.
4565:
4551:
4539:
4520:
4511:
4489:
4477:
4458:
4449:
4440:
4431:
4424:Flags Act 1953
4416:
4409:Flags Act 1953
4401:
4394:Flags Act 1953
4383:
4371:
4362:
4360:Kwan, pp.96β97
4353:
4344:
4335:
4316:
4307:
4298:
4289:
4269:
4254:
4235:
4223:
4212:. p. 22.
4197:
4188:
4169:
4162:
4144:
4135:
4116:
4088:
4061:
4031:
4022:
4000:
3988:www.awm.gov.au
3975:
3958:
3945:
3926:
3907:
3896:on 2 June 2008
3865:
3856:
3847:
3838:
3812:
3784:
3753:
3732:
3720:
3688:
3663:
3632:
3615:
3603:
3591:
3565:
3544:
3525:
3510:
3498:
3471:
3451:
3412:
3393:
3368:
3347:
3335:
3309:
3280:
3249:
3222:
3210:
3193:www.pmc.gov.au
3180:
3149:
3118:
3101:
3086:
3069:
3057:
3042:
3015:
3003:
2991:
2984:Flags Act 1953
2971:
2945:
2911:
2896:
2878:
2863:
2840:
2825:
2807:
2792:
2771:
2764:
2746:
2720:
2705:
2683:
2660:
2643:www.aph.gov.au
2630:
2623:
2605:
2593:
2567:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2537:978-0642471345
2536:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2465:
2449:
2446:
2425:Southern Cross
2331:Main article:
2328:
2325:
2272:reconciliation
2214:Flags Act 1953
2194:
2193:
2187:
2180:
2178:
2172:
2165:
2163:
2157:
2150:
2148:
2146:(adopted 1967)
2142:
2135:
2133:
2127:
2120:
2118:
2112:
2105:
2098:Main article:
2095:
2092:
2071:
2068:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2009:Main article:
2006:
2003:
1974:Flags Act 1953
1949:Robert Menzies
1946:Prime Minister
1920:King George VI
1867:Richard Crouch
1830:
1827:
1807:Flags Act 1953
1795:Flags Act 1953
1749:
1746:
1699:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1681:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1665:Victorian flag
1659:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1646:
1638:
1626:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1461:
1454:
1453:
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1438:
1437:
1436:
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1434:
1429:Main article:
1426:
1423:
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1418:
1413:
1406:
1404:
1399:
1392:
1390:
1385:
1378:
1376:
1371:
1364:
1362:
1357:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1297:Arthur Phillip
1273:
1270:
1262:Bronwyn Bishop
1230:National Party
1218:Arthur Calwell
1194:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1162:
1111:
1108:
1064:
1063:
1040:Epsilon Crucis
1037:
1011:
995:
969:
953:
943:
942:
939:Southern Cross
935:
927:
922:) next to the
910:
909:
902:
895:
893:
889:Southern Cross
886:
879:
877:
869:
862:
860:
847:
844:
840:United Kingdom
833:
832:
830:
827:
824:
823:100%β80%β0%β0%
821:
815:
814:
812:
807:
802:
797:
785:
784:
782:
780:
777:
774:
768:
767:
764:
762:
760:
758:
754:
753:
751:
749:
747:
745:
716:
713:
693:Greek alphabet
681:constellations
677:Southern Cross
647:British Empire
643:
642:
632:
622:
585:Southern Cross
580:
577:
575:
572:
558:Flags Act 1953
529:official flags
521:Southern Cross
495:
494:
492:
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484:
477:
469:
466:
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155:Southern Cross
136:
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130:
129:
107:
93:
77:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
40:
34:
33:
25:
24:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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7241:
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7232:
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7215:
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7210:coats of arms
7207:
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6688:
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6655:Western Samoa
6652:
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6633:
6624:
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6578:United States
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6418:
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6408:
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6398:
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6392:
6390:
6388:Miscellaneous
6386:
6376:
6368:
6366:
6358:
6356:
6348:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6335:
6333:
6331:United States
6329:
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5740:
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5735:
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5727:
5725:
5722:
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5717:
5715:
5714:New Caledonia
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5694:Easter Island
5692:
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5680:
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5609:
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5539:
5534:
5533:
5530:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
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5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
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5480:
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5475:
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5470:
5469:
5467:
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5437:
5431:
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5388:
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5372:
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5366:
5364:
5360:
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5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
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5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5295:
5293:
5289:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5242:National flag
5240:
5239:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5222:
5217:
5215:
5210:
5208:
5203:
5202:
5199:
5192:
5190:
5186:
5184:
5180:
5177:
5174:
5171:
5170:
5158:
5154:
5147:
5128:
5124:
5117:
5111:
5095:
5091:
5085:
5076:
5060:
5056:
5050:
5041:
5032:
5023:
5016:
5012:
5009:
5004:
4995:
4986:
4977:
4975:
4967:
4963:
4960:
4954:
4945:
4943:
4935:
4930:
4924:, p. 44.
4923:
4918:
4911:
4907:
4904:
4899:
4892:
4888:
4885:
4880:
4874:, p. 41.
4873:
4868:
4859:
4843:
4839:
4833:
4827:
4826:
4822:
4819:
4814:
4808:
4799:
4797:
4790:, p. 38.
4789:
4784:
4778:, p. 52.
4777:
4772:
4756:
4752:
4746:
4730:
4726:
4722:
4715:
4708:
4702:
4695:
4689:
4682:
4676:
4669:
4663:
4656:
4650:
4643:
4637:
4630:
4624:
4615:
4608:
4603:
4595:
4591:
4587:
4586:Parkes, Henry
4581:
4574:
4569:
4562:
4555:
4546:
4544:
4536:
4531:
4529:
4527:
4525:
4515:
4509:
4505:
4502:
4498:
4493:
4486:
4481:
4473:
4469:
4462:
4453:
4444:
4435:
4429:
4425:
4420:
4414:
4410:
4405:
4399:
4395:
4390:
4388:
4381:Kwan, p. 106.
4378:
4376:
4366:
4357:
4348:
4339:
4332:
4331:archive.today
4328:
4325:
4320:
4311:
4302:
4293:
4287:
4283:
4280:
4273:
4267:, p. 69.
4266:
4261:
4259:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4239:
4230:
4228:
4219:
4215:
4208:
4201:
4195:Kwan, p. 113.
4192:
4185:
4181:
4178:
4173:
4165:
4159:
4155:
4148:
4139:
4133:, p. 66.
4132:
4127:
4125:
4123:
4121:
4104:
4103:
4098:
4092:
4076:
4072:
4065:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4035:
4026:
4010:
4004:
3989:
3985:
3979:
3973:, p. 42.
3972:
3967:
3965:
3963:
3955:
3949:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3930:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3911:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3880:
3878:
3876:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3860:
3851:
3842:
3826:
3822:
3816:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3788:
3781:
3768:
3764:
3757:
3751:, p. 65.
3750:
3745:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3737:
3730:, p. 36.
3729:
3724:
3709:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3693:
3686:, p. 64.
3685:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3670:
3668:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3639:
3637:
3630:, p. 63.
3629:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3610:
3608:
3600:
3595:
3580:
3576:
3569:
3563:, p. 61.
3562:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3551:
3549:
3542:, p. 62.
3541:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3530:
3522:
3517:
3515:
3507:
3502:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3468:
3464:
3463:
3455:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3416:
3410:, p. 60.
3409:
3404:
3402:
3400:
3398:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3357:
3351:
3344:
3339:
3323:
3319:
3313:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3292:
3284:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3253:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3226:
3220:, p. 18.
3219:
3214:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3184:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3153:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3122:
3116:, p. 23.
3115:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3087:9780644040464
3083:
3079:
3073:
3067:, p. 20.
3066:
3061:
3055:, p. 26.
3054:
3049:
3047:
3040:, p. 10.
3039:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3020:
3012:
3007:
3000:
2995:
2989:
2985:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2959:
2955:
2949:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2915:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2864:9780701636470
2860:
2856:
2849:
2847:
2845:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2826:9780642471314
2822:
2818:
2811:
2804:
2801:
2796:
2789:
2788:0-86840-567-1
2785:
2781:
2775:
2767:
2765:9781862871885
2761:
2757:
2750:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2716:
2712:
2708:
2706:9780642471345
2702:
2698:
2692:
2690:
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2657:
2645:. 7 July 2007
2644:
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2624:9781862871885
2620:
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2500:
2490:
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2471:
2466:
2463:
2452:
2445:
2442:
2437:
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2430:
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2422:
2418:
2417:Australia Day
2414:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2393:
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2379:
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2318:
2314:
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2298:
2296:
2292:
2287:
2285:
2284:Harold Thomas
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2262:In 1995, the
2260:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
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2203:
2198:
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2079:
2077:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1966:
1960:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1942:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1925:
1921:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1877:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1863:Olympic Games
1856:
1851:
1844:
1840:
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1826:
1823:
1821:
1815:
1813:
1808:
1800:
1796:
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1787:
1785:
1780:
1779:
1773:
1771:
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1758:
1754:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1737:Edmund Barton
1733:
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1727:
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1709:
1696:
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1609:
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1600:
1596:
1588:
1587:labelled it,
1586:
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1578:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1563:
1558:
1556:
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1549:
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1509:
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1497:
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1489:
1485:
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1416:
1410:
1405:
1402:
1396:
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1388:
1382:
1377:
1374:
1368:
1363:
1360:
1354:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1342:
1341:main waterway
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6635:New Zealand
6563:South Africa
6548:South Africa
6518:Newfoundland
6067:Cook Islands
6006:Saint Helena
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5277:Border Force
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421:
406:Video gaming
283:Architecture
189:
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7160:(1898β1930)
7145:(1775β1776)
7132:(1923β1961)
7117:(1874β1946)
7102:(1924β1964)
7087:(1906β1977)
7072:(1946β1959)
7057:(1947β1963)
7042:(1958β1967)
7027:(1953β1963)
7012:(1949β1957)
6997:(1927β1948)
6982:(1882β1963)
6967:(1824β1860)
6954:(1875β1964)
6939:(1951β1957)
6924:(1815β1864)
6911:(1880β1947)
6896:(1871β1997)
6881:(1976β1979)
6866:(1937β1976)
6851:(1875β1982)
6836:(1600β1858)
6821:(1881β1960)
6806:(1939β1948)
6791:(1886β1958)
6776:(1892β1965)
6763:(1903β1960)
6748:(1871β1958)
6733:(1922β1961)
6718:(1937β1963)
6700:Other flags
6690:(1906β1980)
6672:condominium
6658:(1925β1948)
6626:(1884β1971)
6611:(1921β1971)
6581:(1776β1777)
6566:(1928β1994)
6551:(1910β1928)
6536:(1964β1968)
6521:(1907β1931)
6506:(1868β1965)
6263:US counties
6052:New Zealand
5828:New Zealand
5603:New Zealand
5492:Eureka Flag
5487:Bowman flag
5430:Wagga Wagga
5282:Honour Flag
5065:26 December
4761:21 February
4474:. FlagPost.
4447:Kwan, p. 9.
4342:Kwan, p. 8.
4081:3 September
3773:21 November
3769:. Jon Radel
2964:23 February
2938:15 November
2782:UNSW Press
2731:. Ausflag.
2441:Morgan Poll
2397:John Howard
2374:New Zealand
2327:Flag debate
2276:John Howard
1939:Ben Chifley
1784:states that
1546:New Zealand
1387:Eureka Flag
1325:Eureka Flag
1301:Sydney Cove
1293:First Fleet
1246:John Howard
1224:introduced
1210:desecration
972:Beta Crucis
829:0%β0%β0%β0%
809:255β255β255
731:also gives
509:Blue Ensign
250:Immigration
205:Culture of
140:Blue Ensign
7286:Categories
7129:Tanganyika
6608:New Guinea
6591:Australian
6475:Historical
6131:Queensland
5982:Montserrat
5465:Historical
5410:Launceston
5328:Queensland
5257:Red Ensign
5247:Aboriginal
4848:25 January
4735:3 December
4011:. Facebook
4009:"Facebook"
3993:17 January
3821:"The Flag"
3708:pmc.gov.au
3584:5 December
3203:3 December
2988:s ch1
2897:0642471312
2586:25 January
2515:References
2202:Aboriginal
1841:during an
1839:Union Jack
1799:Red Ensign
1522:Ivor Evans
1496:Federation
1295:, Captain
1289:Botany Bay
1287:landed at
1285:James Cook
1214:Opposition
766:Source(s)
697:brightness
685:Ivor Evans
589:Union Jack
568:Union Flag
548:Federation
540:Red Ensign
513:Union Jack
369:Newspapers
293:Literature
174:Ivor Evans
126:Union Flag
116:1954-04-08
102:1908-12-08
88:1903-02-11
68:Proportion
7157:Weihaiwei
7069:Singapore
6994:Palestine
6893:Hong Kong
6848:Gibraltar
6483:Dominions
6238:US states
6094:and other
5804:Australia
5573:Australia
5415:Melbourne
5179:Australia
5136:12 August
4573:Kwan 2006
4218:0819-7105
3713:10 August
3481:313723118
3438:0156-8698
3386:13 August
3361:14 August
3328:13 August
3304:358963129
3246:1328-8091
2649:10 August
2405:Flags Act
2313:Flags Act
2060:Hyde Park
1902:Melbourne
1896:Fremantle
1892:jackstaff
1843:Anzac Day
1812:Anzac Day
1526:Melbourne
1238:Coalition
1183:ANZAC Day
1159:sovereign
1151:half-mast
811:(#FFFFFF)
806:(#FF0000)
801:(#00008B)
711:in 1934.
505:Australia
443:Monuments
396:Mythology
349:Festivals
208:Australia
145:with the
7234:Timeline
6533:Rhodesia
6322:Coquimbo
6216:Manitoba
6167:Victoria
6155:Tasmania
5886:Anguilla
5588:Kiribati
5439:Military
5400:Canberra
5395:Brisbane
5390:Adelaide
5362:Regional
5343:Victoria
5338:Tasmania
5235:National
5100:27 April
5011:Archived
4962:Archived
4906:Archived
4887:Archived
4842:ABC News
4821:Archived
4729:Archived
4504:Archived
4428:s 8
4413:s 6
4398:s 5
4327:Archived
4282:Archived
4246:Archived
4180:Archived
4109:7 August
3937:Archived
3918:Archived
3831:7 August
3805:7 August
3656:7 August
3485:Archived
3446:41562651
3300:ProQuest
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3234:Archived
3197:Archived
3173:7 August
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3142:7 August
3136:Archived
3096:17384901
2932:Archived
2906:48405603
2873:49316140
2835:48405603
2733:Archived
2715:76889205
2542:Archived
2448:See also
2436:Newspoll
2266:and the
2240:and the
2228:and the
2220:and the
2017:Flag Day
2005:Flag Day
1857:, Sydney
1562:picture.
1542:Auckland
1175:funeral.
1110:Protocol
630:Scotland
614:The red
591:and the
389:Internet
354:Folklore
267:Religion
239:Language
193:a series
7054:Sarawak
6936:Malacca
6637:mandate
6228:Ontario
5910:Bermuda
5734:Tokelau
5638:Vanuatu
4015:1 March
3900:18 June
3491:18 July
3263:The Age
2790:p. 143.
2739:14 June
2434:A 2004
2386:Romania
2366:Ausflag
2343:Ausflag
1971:to the
1554:The Age
1513:cricket
1272:History
1101:⁄
1091:⁄
1081:⁄
1071:⁄
1057:⁄
1047:⁄
1031:⁄
1021:⁄
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963:⁄
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772:Pantone
757:Scheme
721:Pantone
715:Colours
640:Ireland
620:England
604:crosses
579:Devices
414:Symbols
344:Cuisine
321:Theatre
234:History
226:Society
157:in the
143:defaced
114: (
100: (
86: (
76:Adopted
7009:Penang
6818:Cyprus
6503:Canada
6303:Cities
6253:Hawaii
5840:Tuvalu
5709:Hawaii
5633:Tuvalu
5425:Sydney
5405:Hobart
4709:, p. 3
4426:(Cth)
4411:(Cth)
4396:(Cth)
4216:
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4054:27 May
3798:Leader
3479:
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2021:Sydney
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919:canton
587:, the
574:Design
432:Anthem
401:Sports
379:Cinema
359:Humour
298:Comics
244:People
195:on the
135:Design
6951:Malta
6908:India
6803:Burma
6623:Papua
6310:Chile
5628:Tonga
5618:Samoa
5608:Palau
5598:Nauru
5420:Perth
5130:(PDF)
5119:(PDF)
4210:(PDF)
3442:JSTOR
3345:(Cth)
2545:(PDF)
2528:(PDF)
2495:Notes
1967:gave
1900:HMAS
1569:Argus
1538:Perth
924:staff
779:185 C
776:280 C
689:Dante
670:Alpha
542:) in
374:Radio
364:Media
336:Other
316:Music
311:Dance
161:half.
151:hoist
7208:and
6715:Aden
6640:and
6486:and
6079:Niue
5816:Fiji
5704:Guam
5661:Niue
5583:Fiji
5138:2015
5102:2012
5067:2021
4850:2022
4763:2022
4737:2017
4214:ISSN
4158:ISBN
4111:2023
4083:2023
4056:2011
4017:2022
3995:2019
3902:2008
3833:2023
3807:2023
3775:2023
3715:2024
3658:2023
3586:2021
3493:2021
3477:OCLC
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3275:2023
3242:ISSN
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3144:2023
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2940:2017
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2859:ISBN
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2821:ISBN
2784:ISBN
2760:ISBN
2741:2013
2711:OCLC
2701:ISBN
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