419:. c. 76) provided for the election of magistrates and councillors. Each burgh was to have a common council consisting of a provost (or lord provost), magistrates (or bailies) and councillors. Every parliamentary elector living within the "royalty" or area of the royal burgh, or within seven statute miles of its boundary, was entitled to vote in burgh elections. One third of the common council was elected each year. The councillors selected a number of their members to be bailies, who acted as a magistrates bench for the burgh and dealt with such issues as licensing. The provost, or chief magistrate, was elected from among the council every three years. The Royal Burghs Act was also extended to the 12
282:, the late Middle Ages saw the proliferation of baronial and ecclesiastical burghs, with 51 created between 1450 and 1516. Most of these were much smaller than their royal counterparts. Excluded from foreign trade, they acted mainly as local markets and centres of craftsmanship. Burghs were centres of basic crafts, including the manufacture of shoes, clothes, dishes, pots, joinery, bread and ale, which would normally be sold to "indwellers" and "outdwellers" on market days. In general, burghs carried out far more local trading with their hinterlands, on which they relied for food and raw materials, than trading nationally or abroad.
259:
144:
720:
29:
451:. The governing body of a police burgh were the police commissioners. The commissioners were elected by the existing town council of the burgh, not by the electorate at large. The town council of a burgh could by a three-quarters majority become police commissioners for the burgh. In many cases this led to the existence of two parallel burgh administrations, the town council and the police commissioners, each with the same membership, but separate legal identity and powers. Further legislation, the
534:
370:
3712:
582:
who both acted as councillors, and in the enforcement of laws. As well as general tasks, they often had specific tasks such as inspecting wine, or ale, or other products sold at market. The title of bailie ceased to have any statutory meaning in 1975, although modern area councils do sometimes make
462:
In 1893, most of the anomalies in the administration of burghs were removed: police commissioners were retitled as councillors and all burghs were to consist of a single body corporate, ending the existence of parallel burghs. All burghs of barony and regality that had not adopted a police system
423:
which had recently been enfranchised. These were growing industrial centres, and apart from the lack of a charter, they had identical powers and privileges to the royal burghs. Royal Burghs retained the right to corporate property or "common good". This property was used for the advantage of the
619:
Court which was given the specific duty of building control. The courts were abolished in 1975, with building regulation transferred to the relevant local authority. Appointments to the office of Dean of Guild are still made in some areas: for instance the Lord Dean of Guild of
648:. Merchants also had a guild, but many merchants did not belong to it, and it would be run by a small group of the most powerful merchants. The class of merchants included all traders, from stall-holders and pack-men to shop-holders and traders of considerable wealth.
516:, who must make "have regard to the interests of the inhabitants of the area to which the common good formerly related". The use of these assets are to be for the benefit of the inhabitants of the former burgh. Any person or body holding the honorary freedom
506:
On 16 May 1975, all local government areas existing immediately before that date, that is to say, all counties, counties of cities, large burghs, small burghs and districts, shall cease to exist, and the council of every such area shall also cease to
384:
Until 1833, each burgh had a different constitution or "sett". The government of the burgh was often in the hands of a self-nominating corporation, and few local government functions were performed: these were often left to
463:
were abolished. Councils were to be headed by a chief magistrate using the "customary title" of the burgh. In 1900, the chief magistrate of every burgh was to be known as the provost – except in burghs granted a
278:, beside houses for the burgesses and other inhabitants. The founding of 16 royal burghs can be traced to the reign of David I (1124–53) and there is evidence of 55 burghs by 1296. In addition to the major
3434:
J Mackay, The
Convention of Royal Burghs of Scotland, From its Origin down to the Completion of the Treaty of Union between England and Scotland in 1707, Co-operative Printing Co. Ltd, Edinburgh 1884, p.2
557:
standardised the term as "provost", except in cities with a lord provost. Since 1975 local authorities have been free to choose the title of their convener and provosts are appointed to chair a number of
223:", and therefore eligible to participate in trade within the town, and to elect town officials. Most of the early burghs were on the east coast, and among them were the largest and wealthiest, including
607:), a title also used in English boroughs. These freemen and their wives were a class which did not include dependants (e.g. apprentices) and servants, though they were not guaranteed to be wealthy.
721:
3664:
203:. Most of the burghs granted charters in his reign probably already existed as settlements. Charters were copied almost verbatim from those used in England, and early burgesses usually invited
554:
624:
is described as the "second citizen of
Glasgow" after the Lord Provost although the appointment is in the hands of the Merchants House of Glasgow, and not the city council.
3410:
1634:
3612:
447:. The act could be adopted following its approval in a poll of householders in the burgh. Burghs reformed or created under this and later legislation became known as
3777:
3390:
1468:
3885:
443:
to adopt a "police system". "Police" in this sense did not refer to law enforcement, but to various local government activities summarised in the act as
274:
Burghs were typically settlements under the protection of a castle and usually had a market place, with a widened high street or junction, marked by a
3742:
1998:
1627:
2048:
1552:
1546:
3668:
3405:
1602:
3852:
445:"paving, lighting, cleansing, watching, supplying with water, and improving such Burghs respectively, as may be necessary and expedient"
1657:
2779:
1620:
644:, and the tensions between the interests of the two classes was often a feature of the cities. Craftsmen were usually organised into
2685:
1069:
in place names in Great
Britain, particularly Scotland and northern England, and other places where Britons settled, examples:
211:
settlers. They were able to impose tolls and fines on traders within a region outside their settlements. Properties known as
632:
Early Burghs were granted the power to trade, which allowed them to control trade until the 19th century. The population of
3623:
2899:
1937:
501:
471:
132:
124:
2628:
3720:
2904:
2332:
1836:
2831:
3690:
3480:
2717:
2665:
2574:
67:
3781:
3599:
2854:
2794:
2754:
2660:
2638:
2422:
2077:
2072:
1743:
428:
412:
401:
393:
306:
2919:
2680:
1844:
512:
The common good properties and funds of the royal burghs continue to exist. They are administered by the present
3809:, Quaestio: Selected Proceedings of the Cambridge Colloquium in Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic, 2 (2001), 60-90.
3567:
3546:
3525:
3504:
3452:
3361:
2914:
2163:
2094:
3213:
2288:
482:"Counties of cities": the four largest royal burghs, they combined the powers of a burgh and county council.
3746:
3031:
2838:
2650:
2188:
2065:
1904:
3807:'Old MacDonald had a Fyrm, eo, eo, y: Two Marginal Developments of < eo > in Old and Middle English'
135:, the title of "royal burgh" remains in use in many towns, but now has little more than ceremonial value.
2774:
2519:
298:
994:
496:": performing minor local government functions such as street-cleaning, housing, lighting and drainage..
2889:
2400:
1988:
1597:
1587:
452:
351:
3824:
3089:
3061:
2879:
2643:
2395:
2008:
1301:
1187:
559:
1612:
3094:
2859:
2200:
1877:
1357:
1344:
513:
302:
255:
were aided by the less profitable sea trade with
Ireland and to a lesser extent France and Spain.
176:
148:
3818:
2702:
2562:
2540:
2305:
1897:
1644:
1460:
1449:
1444:
803:
112:
3141:
3218:
3054:
3049:
2579:
2417:
2317:
2053:
1973:
1383:
286:
216:
20:
3833:
3813:
3314:
2550:
2234:
2218:
2178:
2168:
2003:
1867:
1849:
1695:
1396:
1326:
424:
inhabitants of the burgh, funding such facilities as public parks, museums and civic events.
88:
3281:
2173:
1733:
1370:
757:
584:
489:": independent of the county council except in major services such as police and education.
294:
8:
3289:
3126:
2784:
2712:
2407:
2365:
2253:
2183:
2158:
1945:
1892:
1705:
1700:
1474:
420:
343:
160:
116:
926:
languages have cognate words which were borrowed from the
Germanic languages during the
3842:
3400:
3121:
3109:
3044:
3039:
2759:
2545:
2429:
2312:
2195:
2128:
2020:
1978:
1818:
1572:
1528:
1482:
1422:
1409:
904:
900:
868:
861:
692:
347:
290:
156:
459:
c. 33), allowed "populous places" other than existing burghs to become police burghs.
258:
143:
3860:
3563:
3542:
3521:
3500:
3476:
3448:
3163:
3151:
2799:
2789:
2412:
2390:
2295:
2259:
2153:
2040:
2030:
2015:
1872:
1805:
1237:
892:
563:
475:
436:
331:
591:
appoints four bailies to act in lieu of the provost in specific geographical areas.
3208:
3006:
2569:
2475:
2228:
2112:
1983:
1963:
1927:
1800:
1771:
1710:
1413:
1400:
1387:
1374:
1331:
1207:
983:
973:
908:
888:
774:
sometimes underlies modern place-names, and which had dialectal variants including
698:
588:
456:
432:
416:
405:
397:
47:
3516:
K. J. Stringer, "The
Emergence of a Nation-State, 1100-1300", in J. Wormald, ed.,
3880:
3395:
3380:
Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
3256:
2884:
2587:
2490:
2434:
2371:
2342:
2327:
2107:
2102:
2060:
2025:
1825:
1790:
1765:
1439:
1162:
1034:
963:
884:
823:
633:
600:
550:
440:
337:
231:, Berwick, Perth and Edinburgh, whose growth was facilitated by trade with other
220:
192:
180:
3828:, vol. 4 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, pp. 62–64
2727:
2695:
2557:
2495:
2485:
2480:
2300:
2266:
2134:
2084:
2035:
1728:
1540:
1510:
1494:
1488:
1182:
953:
937:
896:
740:
728:
657:
204:
128:
108:
28:
3188:
3874:
3847:
3806:
2909:
2749:
2511:
2360:
2223:
1993:
1968:
1811:
1516:
1430:
1417:
1404:
1391:
1378:
1365:
1352:
616:
615:
This was a title held by one of the bailies of the burgh who presided over a
252:
236:
3856:, vol. 4 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, pp. 268–273
3837:
3309:
3301:
3296:
3261:
2769:
2764:
2675:
2145:
1795:
1757:
1690:
1522:
1504:
1361:
1348:
1256:
1222:
1192:
1152:
1137:
1016:
842:', though so many towns grew up around castles that it almost came to mean
799:
684:
464:
448:
357:
275:
228:
224:
151:
town: "David Dei Gratia Rex
Scottorum. Sigillum commune burgi de Hadington"
3203:
1000:
518:
of any place... formerly having the status of a city, burgh or royal burgh
470:
The last major legislation to effect burghs came into effect in 1930. The
2929:
2874:
2737:
2732:
2722:
2457:
2452:
2350:
2322:
1887:
1882:
1749:
1607:
1592:
1558:
1478:
1296:
1276:
1271:
1172:
1157:
1127:
1117:
927:
912:
791:
667:
533:
493:
486:
325:
279:
172:
120:
3817:
3116:
599:
A resident granted the rights of a "freeman" of the burgh, was styled a
369:
305:, 32 years after the merger of the Parliament of Great Britain into the
2816:
2355:
2210:
1909:
1534:
1435:
1321:
1286:
1217:
1212:
1147:
1142:
1112:
1107:
1029:
911:. Burgh in placenames is found in its greatest UK concentration in the
849:
575:
374:
240:
196:
1019:
in
English and other Germanic languages). Also related are the words
587:
grants the title in an honorary capacity to senior councillors, while
583:
appointments to the office on a purely ceremonial basis. For example,
3235:
3193:
3168:
3026:
2981:
2869:
2811:
2633:
2382:
1642:
1316:
1291:
1266:
1232:
1177:
1132:
1122:
1097:
1087:
1022:
857:
736:
732:
637:
232:
164:
3271:
3266:
3021:
2991:
2821:
2744:
2655:
2467:
2245:
1955:
1311:
1281:
1261:
1242:
1227:
1197:
1167:
1102:
1092:
1048:
915:
region of southern
England, where also the word has taken the form
839:
676:
504:(c. 65) formally abolished burghs. Section 1(5) of the act stated:
378:
310:
208:
188:
184:
168:
92:
85:
80:
16:
Former autonomous corporate entity in
Scotland and Northern England
3331:
3225:
3076:
3648:
3326:
3251:
3081:
3071:
3011:
2924:
2894:
2826:
2707:
1919:
1720:
1577:
1453:
1426:
1306:
1202:
1082:
1053:
1039:
1012:
853:
829:
688:
641:
621:
579:
244:
212:
33:
807:
785:
779:
769:
761:
670:
3647:
The Local Government Area Changes (Scotland) Regulations 1977 (
3356:
3346:
3341:
3276:
3230:
3146:
3016:
3001:
2996:
2986:
2670:
2277:
1859:
987:
923:
835:
795:
386:
200:
3841:
3101:
520:
continued to enjoy that status after the 1975 reorganisation.
392:
Two pieces of reforming legislation were enacted in 1833: The
313:
ceased to be necessarily their boundaries for other purposes.
56:
3615:
Report on the Stirling Burgh Common Good Fund, 9 October 1997
3351:
3336:
3321:
3198:
3183:
3173:
3158:
3136:
3131:
3066:
2806:
2690:
1582:
1066:
768:(whose dative singular and nominative/accusative plural form
645:
546:
545:
The chief magistrate or convener of a burgh, equivalent to a
538:
263:
3178:
2444:
1782:
1044:
844:
763:
267:
215:
tenures were a key feature, whose tenants had to be of the
100:
96:
59:
2976:
813:
707:
680:
509:
The use of the title continues in informal use, however.
360:, a burgh operating a "police system" of town government.
248:
3467:
3465:
3463:
3461:
794:
word was originally used for a fortified town or proto-
1051:' in a number of languages (cf. the second element of
790:, 'mound, hill', on which see Hall 2001, 69–70). The
3667:. Glasgow City Council. 28 March 2007. Archived from
3458:
710:
687:
was protected and preserved as distinct from laws of
340:, granted to a tenant-in-chief, with narrower powers.
68:
3713:"Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c. 65) s.227"
704:
701:
163:(r. 1124–53) had established other burghs including
53:
3491:
3489:
1043:. More distantly, it is related to words meaning '
50:
2959:
435:. c. 46) allowed the inhabitants of royal burghs,
3552:
3531:
727:, is heard in several Cumbrian place names, e.g.
3872:
3584:The Organisation of Local Government in Scotland
3486:
3562:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991),
3560:Court, Kirk, and Community: Scotland, 1470-1625
3447:(Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1989),
553:. Many different titles were in use until the
541:which ceased to be an autonomous burgh in 1920
334:, granted to a nobleman or "lord of regality".
321:There were several types of burgh, including;
1628:
977:
967:
891:. The equivalent word is also to be found in
878:
478:. c. 25) divided burghs into three classes:
309:, the boundaries of burghs for parliamentary
235:ports on the continent, in particular in the
3745:. Merchants House of Glasgow. Archived from
3539:Medieval Scotland: the Making of an Identity
1020:
998:
957:
872:
827:
817:
3590:, Vol. 18, No. 1. (March, 1903), pp. 59-87.
3510:
3406:List of administrative divisions by country
1603:List of UK place names with royal patronage
1006:
947:
941:
931:
751:
661:
285:Burghs had rights to representation in the
3886:Types of subdivision in the United Kingdom
3659:
3657:
3578:
3576:
1635:
1621:
3520:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005),
1673:
993:The most obviously derivative words are
532:
368:
257:
142:
123:. Burgh status was broadly analogous to
27:
3654:
3573:
2611:
822:) 'to keep, save, make secure'. In the
133:local government reorganisation in 1975
3873:
3743:"About the Merchants House of Glasgow"
3445:Kingship and Unity: Scotland 1000-1306
1459:And as a placename on its own, in the
1445:Enosburg Falls, Vermont, United States
778:; it was also sometimes confused with
679:it refers to corporate entities whose
79:
3499:(London: Routledge, 3rd edn., 2002),
3473:Medieval Scotland: Kinship and Nation
2958:
2610:
1672:
1655:
1616:
627:
502:Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973
472:Local Government (Scotland) Act 1929
115:existed from the 12th century, when
3721:Office of Public Sector Information
13:
3832:
3812:
695:.) Another variant pronunciation,
262:Reverse side of the burgh seal of
14:
3897:
3867:Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
1656:
636:could be roughly divided between
555:Town Councils (Scotland) Act 1900
364:
3600:Burgh Police (Scotland) Act 1892
2423:Organized incorporated territory
848:, and is incorporated into many
697:
610:
429:Burgh Police (Scotland) Act 1833
413:Royal Burghs (Scotland) Act 1833
402:Burgh Police (Scotland) Act 1833
394:Royal Burghs (Scotland) Act 1833
307:Parliament of the United Kingdom
46:
3770:
3761:
3735:
3705:
3693:. Stirling Council. 13 May 2008
3683:
3641:
3605:
3411:Slavic administrative divisions
867:The word has cognates in other
3593:
3437:
3428:
2960:Non-English terms or loanwords
2164:Direct-controlled municipality
806:) and was related to the verb
1:
3799:
2289:Special administrative region
952:, meaning 'wall, rampart' in
656:As used in this article, the
3541:(St. Martin's Press, 1997),
2189:Mountain resort municipality
2066:Intermediate school district
2049:Educational service district
1905:Regional county municipality
1065:Burgh is commonly used as a
651:
594:
7:
3588:Political Science Quarterly
2520:Autonomous territorial unit
1566:
1249:
1060:
756:, is derived from the same
523:
328:, founded by royal charter.
299:Parliament of Great Britain
127:, found in the rest of the
10:
3902:
3822:, in Baynes, T. S. (ed.),
3665:"Lord Provost and Bailies"
2401:National capital territory
2122:Indian reserve/reservation
1989:Indian government district
1643:Designations for types of
1598:List of burghs in Scotland
1588:Convention of Royal Burghs
1072:
683:is peculiar to Scotland. (
569:
528:
453:Police (Scotland) Act 1850
352:parliamentary constituency
239:, as well as ports on the
138:
18:
3391:Autonomous administration
3378:
3244:
2969:
2965:
2954:
2847:
2621:
2617:
2606:
2530:
2504:
2466:
2443:
2396:Federal capital territory
2381:
2341:
2276:
2244:
2209:
2144:
2121:
2093:
2009:Non-metropolitan district
1999:Local government district
1954:
1936:
1918:
1858:
1835:
1781:
1756:
1742:
1719:
1683:
1679:
1668:
1664:
1651:
1499:pronounced Bruff by Sands
1302:Newburgh (disambiguation)
1188:Newburgh (disambiguation)
3691:"Stirling's New Bailies"
3475:(Thrupp: Sutton, 2004),
3422:
2201:Specialized municipality
1878:Consolidated city-county
1338:
1015:', with connotations of
316:
303:Scottish Reform Act 1832
3853:Encyclopædia Britannica
3825:Encyclopædia Britannica
3717:UK Statute Law Database
2563:Military exclusion zone
2541:Exclusive economic zone
2306:National capital region
1898:Non-metropolitan county
1645:administrative division
1519:, Lincolnshire, England
1513:, Lincolnshire, England
1481:in the municipality of
1450:Louisburgh, County Mayo
808:
786:
780:
770:
762:
752:
671:
662:
574:Under the provost were
537:The Council Chamber in
113:administrative division
3834:Smith, William Charles
3814:Smith, William Charles
2580:Self-administered zone
2418:Incorporated territory
2285:Administrative region
2054:Local service district
1974:Congressional district
1021:
1007:
999:
986:(hence the place-name
978:
968:
958:
948:
942:
932:
879:
873:
828:
818:
542:
381:
287:Parliament of Scotland
271:
152:
37:
21:Burgh (disambiguation)
3497:A History of Scotland
2551:Special economic zone
2235:Praetorian prefecture
2219:Autonomous prefecture
2179:Regional municipality
2169:District municipality
2004:Metropolitan district
1868:Administrative county
1850:Residential community
1696:Local government area
1011:in Dutch (literally '
746:The English language
693:Acts of Union of 1707
536:
372:
297:, represented in the
291:Acts of Union of 1707
261:
243:. In the south-west,
146:
89:municipal corporation
31:
3671:on 15 September 2009
3142:Njësi administrative
2174:Neutral municipality
2113:Subdivision of India
1845:Autonomous community
1734:Metropolitan borough
1674:Common English terms
1497:, Cumbria, England (
919:, as in Canterbury.
758:Old English language
666:is derived from the
585:Glasgow City Council
421:parliamentary burghs
295:parliamentary burghs
155:The first burgh was
19:For other uses, see
3784:on 14 November 2007
3518:Scotland: A History
2785:Autonomous republic
2713:Enclave and exclave
2612:Other English terms
2408:Dependent territory
2254:Autonomous province
2184:Resort municipality
2159:County municipality
1946:Overseas department
1893:Metropolitan county
1706:Unincorporated area
1549:, (Wealdon), Sussex
1475:Burgh (Netherlands)
1469:Burgh, Renfrewshire
344:Parliamentary burgh
219:class, known as a "
32:The Royal Burgh of
3865:Names on the Land.
3861:Stewart, George R.
3401:Electoral district
2718:Federal dependency
2546:Free economic zone
2430:Overseas territory
2313:Development region
2196:Rural municipality
2129:Indian reservation
2021:Municipal district
1979:Electoral district
1819:Free imperial city
1573:Cities of Scotland
1555:, (Rother), Sussex
1543:, Norfolk, England
1537:, Norfolk, England
1531:, Norfolk, England
1529:Burgh next Aylsham
1507:, Suffolk, England
1483:Schouwen-Duiveland
922:A number of other
869:Germanic languages
628:Trading privileges
564:community councils
543:
476:19 & 20 Geo. 5
437:burghs of regality
382:
348:burgh constituency
272:
153:
119:created the first
38:
3443:G. W. S. Barrow,
3419:
3418:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3369:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2597:
2516:Territorial unit
2413:Federal territory
2391:Capital territory
2296:Autonomous region
2260:Overseas province
2154:City municipality
2045:Service district
2041:Sanitary district
2031:Regional district
2016:Military district
1873:Autonomous county
1806:Incorporated city
1535:Burgh St Margaret
1238:Winfrith Newburgh
816:Dutch and German
750:, like the Scots
457:13 & 14 Vict.
433:3 & 4 Will. 4
417:3 & 4 Will. 4
406:3 & 4 Will. 4
400:. c. 76) and the
398:3 & 4 Will. 4
332:Burgh of regality
3893:
3857:
3845:
3829:
3821:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3789:
3780:. Archived from
3778:"Wörterbuchnetz"
3774:
3768:
3767:Stewart 1967:193
3765:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3739:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3709:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3698:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3676:
3661:
3652:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3628:
3622:. Archived from
3621:
3609:
3603:
3597:
3591:
3582:Mabel Atkinson,
3580:
3571:
3556:
3550:
3535:
3529:
3514:
3508:
3493:
3484:
3469:
3456:
3441:
3435:
3432:
3007:Regierungsbezirk
2967:
2966:
2956:
2955:
2619:
2618:
2608:
2607:
2570:Free speech zone
2476:Charter township
2229:Super-prefecture
2073:Special district
1984:Federal district
1964:Capital district
1928:Overseas country
1801:Independent city
1772:Imperial capital
1711:Unorganized area
1681:
1680:
1670:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1653:
1652:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1614:
1613:
1525:, Devon, England
1477:- a town in the
1332:Kingsburgh, Skye
1026:
1010:
1004:
981:
971:
961:
951:
945:
935:
882:
876:
833:
821:
811:
789:
783:
773:
767:
755:
726:
725:
724:
723:
716:
713:
712:
709:
706:
703:
674:
665:
589:Stirling Council
83:
78:
71:
66:
65:
62:
61:
58:
55:
52:
3901:
3900:
3896:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3871:
3870:
3843:"Borough"
3819:"Borough"
3802:
3797:
3787:
3785:
3776:
3775:
3771:
3766:
3762:
3752:
3750:
3741:
3740:
3736:
3726:
3724:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3696:
3694:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3674:
3672:
3663:
3662:
3655:
3646:
3642:
3632:
3630:
3629:on 25 June 2008
3626:
3619:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3598:
3594:
3581:
3574:
3557:
3553:
3536:
3532:
3515:
3511:
3494:
3487:
3471:A. MacQuarrie,
3470:
3459:
3442:
3438:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3396:Census division
3366:
3240:
2961:
2934:
2885:Imperial Circle
2843:
2613:
2594:
2588:Free-trade zone
2526:
2500:
2491:Survey township
2462:
2439:
2435:Union territory
2377:
2372:Sovereign state
2337:
2328:Overseas region
2272:
2240:
2205:
2140:
2131:(United States)
2117:
2108:Police division
2103:Census division
2089:
2061:School district
2026:Police district
1950:
1932:
1914:
1854:
1831:
1826:Royal free city
1791:Autonomous city
1777:
1766:Federal capital
1752:
1738:
1715:
1675:
1660:
1647:
1641:
1569:
1564:
1440:South Australia
1341:
1336:
1252:
1247:
1163:Hoo St Werburgh
1075:
1063:
1033:(both from the
877:in German, and
871:. For example,
824:German language
719:
718:
700:
696:
654:
630:
613:
597:
572:
549:, was called a
531:
526:
367:
338:Burgh of barony
319:
141:
111:. This type of
81:[ˈbʌɾə]
76:
69:
49:
45:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3899:
3889:
3888:
3883:
3869:
3868:
3858:
3848:Chisholm, Hugh
3830:
3810:
3805:Hall, Alaric,
3801:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3769:
3760:
3749:on 13 May 2008
3734:
3704:
3682:
3653:
3640:
3604:
3592:
3572:
3551:
3530:
3509:
3495:R. Mitchison,
3485:
3457:
3436:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3379:
3376:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3104:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2973:
2971:
2963:
2962:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2698:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2615:
2614:
2604:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2566:
2565:
2558:Exclusion zone
2555:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2537:Economic zone
2534:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2525:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2514:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2496:Urban township
2493:
2488:
2486:Paper township
2483:
2481:Civil township
2478:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2455:
2449:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2387:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2375:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2301:Capital region
2298:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2282:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2267:Roman province
2263:
2256:
2250:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2215:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2150:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2135:Indian reserve
2132:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2085:Urban district
2082:
2081:
2080:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2043:
2038:
2036:Rural district
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1960:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1942:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1930:
1924:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1841:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1787:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1768:
1762:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1737:
1736:
1731:
1729:County borough
1725:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1687:
1685:
1677:
1676:
1662:
1661:
1649:
1648:
1640:
1639:
1632:
1625:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1544:
1541:Burgh St Peter
1538:
1532:
1526:
1520:
1514:
1511:Burgh le Marsh
1508:
1502:
1495:Burgh by Sands
1492:
1489:Burgh, Suffolk
1486:
1472:
1465:
1457:
1456:
1447:
1442:
1433:
1420:
1407:
1394:
1381:
1368:
1355:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1183:Mayburgh Henge
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1079:
1074:
1071:
1062:
1059:
741:Mayburgh Henge
729:Burgh by Sands
658:Scots language
653:
650:
629:
626:
612:
609:
596:
593:
571:
568:
530:
527:
525:
522:
498:
497:
490:
483:
366:
365:Modern history
363:
362:
361:
355:
341:
335:
329:
318:
315:
140:
137:
129:United Kingdom
125:borough status
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3898:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3838:Bateson, Mary
3835:
3831:
3827:
3826:
3820:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3804:
3803:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3764:
3748:
3744:
3738:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3708:
3692:
3686:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3658:
3650:
3644:
3625:
3618:
3616:
3608:
3601:
3596:
3589:
3585:
3579:
3577:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3555:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3534:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3513:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3492:
3490:
3483:, pp. 136-40.
3482:
3481:0-7509-2977-4
3478:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3462:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3431:
3427:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3377:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3086:Kommun/Kunta
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2953:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2910:Roman diocese
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2750:Neighbourhood
2748:
2746:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2735:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2629:Alpine resort
2627:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2609:
2605:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2529:
2521:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2512:Regional unit
2510:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2361:Federal state
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2224:Subprefecture
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2136:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1994:Land district
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1969:City district
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1812:Imperial city
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1658:English terms
1654:
1650:
1646:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1626:
1624:
1619:
1618:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1517:Burgh on Bain
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1461:West Germanic
1455:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1431:United States
1428:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1418:United States
1415:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1405:United States
1402:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1392:United States
1389:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1379:United States
1376:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1366:United States
1363:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1353:United States
1350:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1327:Williamsburgh
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1070:
1068:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1005:in German or
1003:
1002:
996:
991:
989:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
944:
939:
934:
929:
925:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
881:
875:
870:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
846:
841:
837:
832:
831:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
801:
797:
793:
788:
782:
777:
772:
766:
765:
759:
754:
749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
722:
715:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
673:
669:
664:
659:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
625:
623:
618:
617:Dean of Guild
611:Dean of Guild
608:
606:
605:pl. burgesses
602:
592:
590:
586:
581:
577:
567:
565:
561:
556:
552:
548:
540:
535:
521:
519:
515:
514:area councils
510:
508:
503:
495:
491:
488:
484:
481:
480:
479:
477:
473:
468:
466:
460:
458:
454:
450:
449:police burghs
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
425:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
390:
388:
380:
376:
371:
359:
356:
353:
349:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
330:
327:
324:
323:
322:
314:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
283:
281:
277:
269:
265:
260:
256:
254:
253:Kirkcudbright
250:
246:
242:
238:
237:Low Countries
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
150:
145:
136:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
87:
82:
74:
73:
64:
43:
35:
30:
26:
22:
3864:
3851:
3823:
3786:. Retrieved
3782:the original
3772:
3763:
3751:. Retrieved
3747:the original
3737:
3725:. Retrieved
3716:
3707:
3695:. Retrieved
3685:
3673:. Retrieved
3669:the original
3643:
3631:. Retrieved
3624:the original
3614:
3607:
3602:(1892 c. 55)
3595:
3587:
3583:
3570:, pp. 41-55.
3559:
3558:J. Wormald,
3554:
3549:, pp. 122-3.
3538:
3537:B. Webster,
3533:
3528:, pp. 38-76.
3517:
3512:
3496:
3472:
3444:
3439:
3430:
3381:
3302:Maalaiskunta
3262:Heerlijkheid
3102:Län (Sweden)
2864:
2770:Protectorate
2765:Principality
2686:Constituency
2575:Neutral zone
2370:
2265:
2258:
2233:
2146:Municipality
1824:
1817:
1810:
1796:Charter city
1770:
1701:Special area
1691:Insular area
1523:Burgh Island
1505:Burgh Castle
1498:
1458:
1384:Hamptonburgh
1362:Pennsylvania
1349:Pennsylvania
1257:Branderburgh
1223:St Werburghs
1193:Oxburgh Hall
1153:Grundisburgh
1138:Dunstanburgh
1076:
1064:
1052:
1038:
1028:
1017:middle-class
997:in English,
992:
930:, including
921:
916:
866:
843:
804:Burgh Castle
800:Dover Castle
775:
747:
745:
685:Scottish law
655:
631:
614:
604:
598:
573:
544:
517:
511:
505:
499:
494:Small burghs
487:Large burghs
469:
465:lord provost
461:
444:
426:
410:
391:
383:
358:Police burgh
350:, a type of
320:
301:. Under the
293:many became
289:. Under the
284:
280:royal burghs
276:mercat cross
273:
270:fishing port
229:New Aberdeen
154:
131:. Following
121:royal burghs
117:King David I
104:
95:, usually a
41:
39:
25:
3788:19 February
3297:Landskommun
3189:Savivaldybė
3055:Switzerland
3050:South Tyrol
2930:Viceroyalty
2723:Governorate
2681:Condominium
2584:Trade zone
2458:Market town
2453:Census town
2351:Proto-state
2323:Microregion
1888:County town
1883:County seat
1750:Half-canton
1608:Royal burgh
1593:Five Burghs
1559:Burgh Heath
1479:Netherlands
1463:countries:
1397:Plattsburgh
1297:Musselburgh
1277:Helensburgh
1272:Fraserburgh
1173:Kettleburgh
1158:Happisburgh
1128:Dickleburgh
1118:Carrawburgh
928:Middle Ages
913:East Anglia
792:Old English
668:Old English
576:magistrates
326:Royal burgh
173:Dunfermline
159:. By 1130,
3875:Categories
3800:References
3651:/8) (S. 1)
3568:0748602763
3547:0333567617
3526:0198206151
3505:0415278805
3453:074860104X
3245:Historical
3209:Shahrestān
3152:Autonomous
2900:Presidency
2848:Historical
2817:Suzerainty
2800:Autonomous
2644:Autonomous
2366:Free state
2356:City-state
2318:Mesoregion
2211:Prefecture
1938:Department
1553:Burgh Hill
1547:Burgh Hill
1471:, Scotland
1436:Edithburgh
1371:Greenburgh
1358:Harrisburg
1345:Pittsburgh
1322:Winchburgh
1287:Leverburgh
1218:Southburgh
1213:Smallburgh
1208:Shuckburgh
1148:Flookburgh
1143:Fleggburgh
1113:Burghfield
1108:Blythburgh
1077:Examples:
852:, such as
850:placenames
691:under the
408:. c. 46).
375:Linlithgow
373:A sign in
241:Baltic Sea
197:Rutherglen
177:Haddington
149:Haddington
86:autonomous
3753:24 August
3727:24 August
3697:24 August
3675:24 August
3286:Landskap
3282:Län/Lääni
3236:Vingtaine
3204:Seniūnija
3194:Selsoviet
3169:Poblacion
3106:Landskap
3036:Gemeinde
3027:Freguesia
2982:Apskritis
2905:Residency
2870:Exarchate
2812:Sultanate
2703:Eldership
2634:Bailiwick
2383:Territory
2333:Subregion
2078:in the US
1910:Viscounty
1837:Community
1491:, England
1423:Edinburgh
1317:Salsburgh
1307:Osnaburgh
1292:Maryburgh
1267:Edinburgh
1233:Whinburgh
1178:Longburgh
1133:Drumburgh
1123:Chedburgh
1098:Barnburgh
1088:Aldeburgh
1023:bourgeois
905:Icelandic
901:Norwegian
862:Strasburg
858:Flensburg
798:(e.g. at
737:Drumburgh
733:Longburgh
652:Etymology
642:craftsmen
638:merchants
634:burgesses
595:Burgesses
311:elections
233:North Sea
221:Burgesses
165:Edinburgh
3840:(1911),
3816:(1878),
3507:, p. 78.
3455:, p. 98.
3387:See also
3122:Maakunta
3117:Località
3062:Gemeente
3022:Frazione
2992:Barangay
2822:Townland
2760:Precinct
2745:Muftiate
2696:District
2656:Cadastre
2468:Township
2246:Province
2137:(Canada)
2095:Division
1956:District
1567:See also
1561:, Surrey
1414:New York
1410:Newburgh
1401:New York
1388:New York
1375:New York
1312:Roxburgh
1282:Jedburgh
1262:Dryburgh
1250:Scotland
1243:Yarburgh
1228:Tasburgh
1198:Rumburgh
1168:Ickburgh
1103:Bawburgh
1093:Bamburgh
1061:Toponymy
1049:mountain
924:European
883:in both
840:fortress
681:legality
677:Scotland
580:baillies
524:Features
389:bodies.
379:Scotland
193:Montrose
189:Jedburgh
185:Dumfries
169:Stirling
147:Seal of
93:Scotland
84:) is an
3863:(1967)
3850:(ed.),
3649:SI 1977
3633:1 March
3382:italics
3342:Satrapy
3327:Pargana
3252:Commote
3110:Finland
3090:Finland
3082:Kampong
3072:Hromada
3045:Germany
3040:Austria
3012:Comarca
2970:Current
2925:Tithing
2895:Monthon
2880:Hundred
2827:Village
2780:Regency
2775:Quarter
2708:Emirate
2676:Commune
2666:Circuit
2622:Current
1920:Country
1758:Capital
1721:Borough
1578:Borough
1454:Ireland
1427:Indiana
1203:Ryburgh
1083:Alburgh
1073:England
1054:iceberg
1040:burglar
1037:), and
1013:citizen
995:burgher
984:Spanish
974:Italian
909:Faroese
893:Frisian
889:Swedish
854:Hamburg
834:means '
809:beorgan
748:borough
689:England
622:Glasgow
601:burgess
570:Bailies
551:provost
529:Provost
441:bBarony
439:and of
245:Glasgow
217:Burgher
213:Burgage
209:Flemish
205:English
161:David I
157:Berwick
139:History
36:in Fife
34:Culross
3881:Burghs
3723:. 1975
3566:
3545:
3524:
3503:
3479:
3451:
3357:Syssel
3347:Socken
3315:Greece
3290:Sweden
3277:Korale
3272:Köping
3267:Komunë
3231:Tehsil
3147:Oblast
3095:Sweden
3017:Comune
3002:Bezirk
2997:Bashki
2987:Bakhsh
2860:Barony
2855:Agency
2832:Summer
2795:Sector
2790:Riding
2755:Parish
2728:Hamlet
2671:Colony
2661:Circle
2639:Banner
2278:Region
1860:County
1744:Canton
1067:suffix
1047:' or '
1035:French
1030:belfry
1008:burger
1001:Bürger
988:Burgos
976:, and
964:French
885:Danish
838:' or '
836:castle
819:bergen
796:castle
776:"burg"
646:guilds
507:exist.
387:ad hoc
201:Lanark
77:Scots:
3846:, in
3627:(PDF)
3620:(PDF)
3423:Notes
3352:Subah
3337:Rreth
3332:Plasă
3322:Pagus
3310:Egypt
3306:Nome
3226:Sýsla
3219:China
3199:Sitio
3184:Raion
3174:Purok
3164:Ostān
3159:Okrug
3137:Mukim
3132:Muban
3127:Megye
3077:Județ
3067:Gmina
2920:Tenth
2890:March
2865:Burgh
2807:Shire
2738:Royal
2733:Manor
2691:Duchy
2651:Block
2343:State
1583:-bury
1339:Other
979:burgo
969:borgo
959:bourg
954:Welsh
938:Irish
897:Dutch
787:beorg
781:beorh
771:byrig
760:word
753:Burgh
717:
675:. In
663:burgh
660:word
547:mayor
539:Leith
317:Types
264:Crail
181:Perth
109:Scots
103:, or
42:burgh
3790:2007
3755:2009
3729:2009
3699:2009
3677:2009
3635:2008
3564:ISBN
3543:ISBN
3522:ISBN
3501:ISBN
3477:ISBN
3449:ISBN
3362:Zhou
3179:Qark
2915:Seat
2875:Hide
2839:Ward
2531:Zone
2505:Unit
2445:Town
1783:City
1684:Area
1045:hill
1027:and
949:bwrc
933:brog
917:bury
907:and
887:and
880:borg
874:burg
860:and
845:city
830:Burg
764:burh
672:Burh
640:and
562:and
560:area
500:The
427:The
411:The
268:Fife
266:, a
251:and
227:and
207:and
199:and
105:toun
101:town
97:city
70:BURR
3257:Gau
3214:Sum
2977:Amt
1057:).
990:).
982:in
972:in
962:in
946:or
943:bwr
936:in
814:cf.
802:or
578:or
346:or
249:Ayr
225:Old
107:in
91:in
3877::
3836:;
3719:.
3715:.
3656:^
3586:,
3575:^
3488:^
3460:^
3384:.
3032:Fu
1452:,
1438:,
1429:,
1425:,
1416:,
1412:,
1403:,
1399:,
1390:,
1386:,
1377:,
1373:,
1364:,
1360:,
1351:,
1347:,
966:,
956:,
940:,
903:,
899:,
895:,
864:.
856:,
826:,
784:,
743:.
739:,
735:,
731:,
566:.
467:.
377:,
247:,
195:,
191:,
187:,
183:,
179:,
175:,
171:,
167:,
99:,
75:,
72:-ə
57:ʌr
40:A
3792:.
3757:.
3731:.
3701:.
3679:.
3637:.
3617:"
3613:"
1636:e
1629:t
1622:v
1501:)
1485:.
812:(
714:/
711:f
708:ʌ
705:r
702:b
699:/
603:(
492:"
485:"
474:(
455:(
431:(
415:(
404:(
396:(
354:.
63:/
60:ə
54:b
51:ˈ
48:/
44:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
