Capture of La Boisselle

2323:

other units and captured both positions. Some of the Royal Scots had advanced beyond the first objective and faced the Contalmaison Spur 1,000 yd (910 m) beyond. German accounts recorded that a party of the 16th Royal Scots got into the village of Contalmaison before being annihilated. The 27th Northumberland Fusiliers (27th Northumberland) which had followed behind the Royal Scots, had been pinned down in no man's land by massed machine-gun fire. Small groups had managed to press on to the Fricourt–Pozières road and some parties accompanied by a few 24th Northumberland from the left-hand brigade column got to Acid Drop Copse and the fringe of Contalmaison. As news filtered back, Gore sent the 16th Royal Scots headquarters forward to take command and the positions gained were consolidated, creating a defensive flank for the XV Corps.

2354:

unable to cross no man's land and the 24th Northumberland was held back in the British front line, although some troops had set off before the order arrived. The troops took what cover existed in no man's land and some of the men from the three battalions in the column, reached the crater of Lochnagar mine and dug in. A counter-attack from the 4th Company of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110, forced British troops back to the crater by midday. The party from the right-hand column left behind to capture Sausage Redoubt, tried to bomb towards it but were repulsed and two attempts by a Field Company RE and a company of the 18th Northumberland (Pioneers) Battalion to cross no man's land failed and the brigade column had to lie in no man's land and wait for dark.

1641:(barrage sectors) were co-ordinated with the infantry, whose officers were expected to know the batteries covering their sections of the front line and the batteries to be ready to engage fleeting targets. A telephone system was built with lines buried 6 ft (1.8 m) deep for 5 mi (8.0 km) back from the front line, to connect the front line with the artillery. The Somme defences had two inherent weaknesses which the rebuilding had not remedied. Front trenches were on a forward slope, lined by white chalk from the subsoil and easily seen by ground observers. The defences were crowded towards the front trench, with a regiment having two battalions near the front-trench system and the reserve battalion divided between the 2788:

found no particular attention had been given to the way that the infantry were to cross the wider parts. As the preliminary bombardment was fired, it was seen that the German infantry in the front line was still able to observe the British front line and fire on parties in no man's land. The 34th Division plan of attack committed all of the infantry battalions, which left no immediate reserve. The mines were expected to provide some protection against German machine-gun fire by creating mounds around the crater rims and a smoke screen was to cover La Boisselle at zero hour, although the wind blew it away from the village. Prior and Wilson criticised the bombardment plan for lifting the heavy artillery off the German front line at

1339: 2985: 221: 2746: 2017: 2070: 2971: 1942:) and lay along the forward slope of a low ridge between La Boiselle and Albert, east of Tara and Usna hills, a continuation of the south-west spur from the main Bazentin Ridge, on which Ovillers had been built. In dead ground behind the ridge, field artillery was deployed in rows and artillery observers on the ridge had a perfect view of the German front position. The German position ran along the higher slopes of three spurs, which descend south-west from the main ridge and each trench had an unmistakable white chalk parapet. No man's land varied from 50–800 yd (46–732 m) wide, the narrowest part opposite La Boisselle being 1970:

front and a field gun for every 23 yd (21 m). The heavy group had a 15-inch howitzer, three 12-inch howitzers on railway mountings, twelve 9.2-inch howitzers, sixteen 8-inch howitzers and twenty 6-inch howitzers, a 12-inch gun, one 9.2-inch gun (both on railway mountings), four 6-inch guns, thirty-two 60-pounder guns and eight 4.7-inch guns. During the preliminary bombardment the III Corps artillery was hampered by poor-quality field gun ammunition, which caused premature shell-explosions in gun barrels and casualties to the gunners. Many howitzer shells fell short and there was a large number of blinds (

158: 55: 1533:), ordered a construction programme in January 1915, to create a systematic defensive system on the Western Front, capable of withstanding attacks indefinitely with a relatively small garrison. Barbed wire obstacles were enlarged from one belt 5–10 yd (4.6–9.1 m) wide to two belts 30 yd (27 m) wide and about 15 yd (14 m) apart. Double and triple thickness wire was laid 3–5 ft (0.91–1.52 m) high. The front line was increased from one trench to three, dug 150–200 yd (140–180 m) apart, the first trench ( 2295: 2474: 2363: 1450: 2999: 2204: 2287:

swept no man's land, which was 200–800 yd (180–730 m) wide at this point and the forward slope of the Tara–Usna ridge, behind the British front line. As soon as the advance of the head of an attacking column was stopped, the rest of the column bunched up behind and made an easy target for the German defenders. The right-hand column had to advance along the convex slope on the west side of Fricourt Spur, for which the leading companies of the 15th (Service) Battalion (1st Edinburgh),

2460:

Round woods. On the left flank, three tunnels which had been dug before the attack and one was used as a covered way, to reach the Tyneside Scottish in the German defences south of La Boisselle and supply water, food and ammunition, which enabled the footholds to be held. The remaining troops of the 10th Lincolns and the 11th Suffolk managed to retire during the night to the front line, where they were later relieved by the 19th Division. A night attack by the 19th Division, due to begin at

143: 2665: 2145:

directly. As the columns passed by the village, bombing parties supported by Lewis gun and Stokes mortar crews, were to attack from both flanks. When the battalion and brigade commanders ventured to doubt the realism of the plan, they were reminded that the preliminary bombardment had killed the village garrison and the Lochnagar and Y Sap mines would have destroyed the fortifications on either side of the village salient. Two columns on the right flank were to be formed by the

3027: 1660:, made it impractical. Some labour battalions and captured Russian heavy artillery were sent to the 2nd Army and Below proposed a preventive attack in May and a smaller effort from Ovillers to St Pierre Divion in June but got only one extra artillery regiment. On 6 June, Below reported that air reconnaissance indicated that an offensive was being prepared at Fricourt and Gommecourt and that the French had been reinforced south of the Somme, against whom 3013: 2525:(9th RWF). The attackers got across no man's land and captured the German front line trench with few casualties and the rest of the 9th Cheshire attacked on the right. As the Germans recovered from the surprise, resistance increased and the British systematically searched for and bombed the German underground shelters. The area was visible from the British lines and artillery support enabled the infantry to occupy the west end of the village by 2765:. The defences of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 had been destroyed and dugout entrances had only been kept open by constant digging. No German casualties were reported after the Y Sap mine detonation, as the defences nearby had been evacuated but Lochnagar mine caused great damage and delayed the survivors from emerging from dugouts. Hand-to-hand fighting took place and the garrison was driven from 1400:

machine-gun fire. The 118th Infantry Regiment reached the cemetery of La Boisselle and the 19th Infantry Regiment closed on the western fringe of Ovillers. A German counter-bombardment then swept the ground west of Ovillers and Ravine 92, which prevented the approach of French reserves. During the night the French survivors of the attack fell back to the French front line, except at La Boisselle.

228: 2132:, was to capture the German positions on the Fricourt Spur and Sausage Valley to the far side of La Boisselle, then advance to a line about 800 yd (730 m) short of the German second line from Contalmaison to Pozières. The division would have to capture a fortified village and six German trench lines, in a 2 mi (3.2 km) advance on a 2,000 yd (1,800 m) front. The 1948:(Glory Hole to the British). The right flank of the corps was opposite Fricourt Spur, the centre faced La Boisselle Spur with the village just behind the front line and the left flank was west of Ovillers Spur. Between the spurs were Sausage Valley and Mash Valley, depressions about 1,000 yd (910 m) wide at their broadest points, making an advance up them vulnerable to 2813:

Wilson wrote that III Corps planning had been unimaginative, yet the failure of the artillery bombardment would have doomed any plan. The bombardment had been spread over too wide an area and against too many targets, which left the German front line garrisons mostly intact at zero hour, easily capable of defeating the attack. In 2008, Harris called the III Corps attack an

1560:) about 1,000 yd (910 m) behind the front line was also built. Communication trenches ran back to the reserve position, renamed the second position, which was as well built and wired as the first. The second position was beyond the range of French and British field artillery, to force an attacker to stop and move artillery forward before assaulting the line. 1418:

infantry were withdrawn and mine warfare began. Many of the German units that fought on the Somme in 1914 remained in the area and made great efforts to fortify the defensive line, particularly with barbed-wire entanglements to hold the front trench with fewer troops. Railways, roads and waterways connected the battlefront to the Ruhr from where material for

2951:, the German spring offensive. In the afternoon, air reconnaissance saw that the British defence of the line from Montauban and Ervillers was collapsing and the RFC squadrons in the area made a maximum effort to disrupt the German advance. The village and vicinity were recaptured for the last time on 26 August by the 2424:

contours of Mash Valley north of the La Boisselle Spur, which was 800 yd (730 m) east of the British front line. Y Sap Mine was exploded on time but as soon as the advance began, the column was engaged by German machine-gunners in La Boisselle and Ovillers and also received some artillery-fire.

2807:

eavesdroppers warned of the imminent attack, enabled the Germans to vacate the underground shelters near Y Sap in time and shoot down the infantry of the fourth brigade column. The Lochnagar mine blast had more effect and British troops gained a shallow foothold in the German defences in the vicinity

2774:

In 2005, Prior and Wilson wrote that the task of III Corps was made difficult by the topography of the corps sector, since behind the British front there was no cover and that even small bodies of troops moving in daylight would attract massed machine-gun and artillery fire. La Boisselle and Ovillers

2459:

thirty men as soon as they advanced and the 21st Division troops were halted almost immediately. By nightfall, two communication trenches had been dug across no man's land, either side of the redoubt and another had been dug by the 21st Division, which gave access to the Royal Scots at Birch Tree and

2407:, the first intermediate line across the Contalmaison road and some men reached Bailiff Wood, 500 yd (460 m) from Contalmaison village. German counter-attacks by an improvised unit of runners, telephonists and pioneers, near a battery of Reserve Field Artillery Regiment 28, were made on the 2313:

both battalions were atop the Fricourt Spur and Sausage and Scots redoubts were still occupied by German troops. The infantry advance continued for about 1 mi (1.6 km), before the error in navigation was realised thirty minutes later, at Birch Tree Wood beyond the sunken road into Fricourt,

2042:

Spoil was placed in sandbags and passed hand-by-hand along a row of miners sitting on the floor, then stored along the side of the tunnel to be used to tamp the charge. The Lochnagar tunnel was 4.5 ft × 2.5 ft (1.37 m × 0.76 m) and excavated at a rate of about 18 in

1667:

In mid-June, Falkenhayn was sceptical that an offensive was being prepared on the Somme, since a great success would lead to operations in Belgium, when an offensive in Alsace-Lorraine would take the war and its devastation into Germany. More railway activity, fresh digging and camp extensions around

1651:

Digging and wiring of a new third position began in May; civilians were moved away and stocks of ammunition and hand-grenades were increased in the front-line. By mid-June, Below and Rupprecht expected an attack on the 2nd Army which held the front from Noyon northwards to beyond Gommecourt, although

1563:

In mid-July 1915, extensive troop and artillery movements north of the Ancre were seen by German observers. The type of shell fired by the new artillery changed from high explosive to shrapnel and unexploded shells were found to be of a different design. The new infantry opposite did not continue the

1399:

without artillery support, to gain a measure of surprise. The attackers got beyond the German front line near Mametz and north of Maricourt and then repulsed German counter-attacks from Bernafay Wood and east of Mametz. The advance was contained by German reserves in the support lines and by flanking

2912:

a warning from an observer in a reconnaissance aircraft, led to an advance by German troops towards Bailiff Wood being ambushed and stopped by small-arms fire. An advance on the left flank, in support of a 12th Division attack on Ovillers, got forward about 1,000 yd (910 m) and reached the

2680:

tree, then fell away in a widening cone of dust and debris. A moment later came the second mine. Again the roar, the upflung machine, the strange gaunt silhouette invading the sky. Then the dust cleared and we saw the two white eyes of the craters. The barrage had lifted to the second-line trenches,

2575:

went forward and eventually a line was stabilised through the church ruins, about 100 yd (91 m) beyond the start line of the British attack. The 34th Division troops on the right flank of the corps area tried to link with the 19th Division but after three attacks stopped the attempt. After

2353:

Only isolated parties crossed no man's land and those on the right which attacked Sausage Redoubt, were burnt on the parapet by flamethrowers. Some troops of the 11th Suffolk managed to advance and join the first brigade column survivors on the Fricourt Spur but most of the first two battalions were

2322:

The German attack inflicted many casualties and forced the 15th Royal Scots back to Birch Tree Wood, Shelter Wood and repulsed the 16th Royal Scots and parties from the second column, to Round Wood. The Scots then began an advance to Wood Alley and Scots Redoubt, incorporating parties separated from

2252:

and re-entrants, the main ones being those at La Boisselle and Thiepval on higher ground to the north. The Bapaume–Albert road descended westwards from Pozières then down the north side of the La Boisselle spur as far as the front lines, then beyond to Albert. On 29 June, a heavy shell destroyed the

2168:

Many of the divisional infantry had been coal miners before 1914 and dug an elaborate complex of underground galleries in Tara hill to shelter the assembled battalions. When the attack began, the columns were to advance in lines of companies in extended order, the companies moving in platoon columns

2096:

The field artillery barrage was to move "very slowly", raking back to the next German trench line in lifts of 50–100–150 yd (46–91–137 m) but was to move faster than the speed of the infantry advance, so was not a true creeping barrage. On 28 June, the Fourth Army headquarters ordered that

2083:

In the III Corps area, heavy artillery was to fire on the German defences in eight lifts and "jump" from one defence line to the next and the infantry advance was to be preceded by barrages which moved back slowly on a timetable. The sixth lift was to fall on a line behind Contalmaison and Pozières,

1676:

balloons were visible to the Germans, one for each British division; no German reinforcements were sent to the area until 1 July and only then to the 6th Army. At Verdun on 24 June, Crown Prince Wilhelm was ordered to conserve troops, ammunition and equipment and further restrictions were imposed on

1503:

For several more days both sides detonated mines and conducted artillery bombardments, which often prevented infantry attacks. On 1 March, at Bécourt, German infantry massing for an attack were stopped by French artillery and at Carnoy on 15 March, a German mine was sprung and crater-fighting ensued

1478:

was quickly planted and blown, collapsing the French digging and two German galleries in the vicinity. A 1,300 lb (600 kg) charge was blown on 12 January, which killed more than forty French soldiers. On 18 January, Reserve Infantry Regiment 120 made a surprise attack and destroyed the 7th

1459:

January began frosty, which solidified the ground but wet weather followed and soon caused diggings to collapse, making movement impossible after a few days, leading to tacit truces to allow supplies to be carried to the front line at night. The rains eased and Bavarian Engineer Regiment 1 continued

1413:

after a bombardment. The 118th Infantry Regiment captured several houses in the south-east of La Boisselle and consolidated the area during the night. The 64th Infantry Regiment overran the German first line but was held up short of the support trench, not been discovered before the attack, then dug

2812:

before the troops had reached the British front line. Prior and Wilson wrote that the attack had gained a derisory amount of ground and that the condition of the 34th Division was reduced to the point that the 19th Division was rushed forward, in case of a German counter-attack on Albert. Prior and

2732:

In wishing all ranks good luck the Army commander desires to impress on all infantry units the supreme importance of helping one another and holding on tight to every yard of ground gained. The accurate and sustained fire of the artillery during the bombardment should greatly assist the task of the

2566:

The underground fortifications in the village had withstood the recent bombardments and attempts to signal with flares that the village had been captured led to the German artillery bombarding the village with howitzers and mortars, followed by a counter-attack by Infantry Regiment 190 of the 185th

2427:

The leading battalions kept going and most of the troops were shot down in no man's land, although some managed to reach the second trench before being killed. The flanking parties were repulsed from the village and the 25th Northumberland in the rear was also cut down in no man's land, most of the

2397:

trenches but the right flank was unsupported due to the disaster to the brigade column on the right. Parties of bombers attacked towards La Boisselle to cover the 102nd Brigade columns as they moved past but were repulsed, despite the Stokes mortar bombardment on the village, which had been falling

1969:

of the French 18th Field Artillery Regiment, to fire gas shells. The corps artillery was divided into two field artillery groups for each attacking division and a fifth group which contained the heaviest artillery, covering the corps front. There was one heavy gun for each 40 yd (37 m) of

1408:

by two battalions of the 45th Infantry Regiment and a battalion of the 236th Infantry Regiment, managed to regain a small amount of ground. A German counter-attack on 21 December, near Carnoy was repulsed. On 24 December, XI Corps attacked again at La Boisselle, with the 118th Infantry Regiment and

2691:

aircraft of 3 Squadron flew over the III Corps sector and observers reported that the 34th Division had reached Peake Wood on the right flank, increasing the size of the salient driven into the German lines north of Fricourt. The villages of La Boisselle and Ovillers had not fallen. On 3 July, air

2331:

and left a crater 270 ft (82 m) wide, 210 ft (64 m) deep and with lips 15 ft (4.6 m) above ground level, killing most of the 5th Company of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110. The delay was unnecessary and the column had a greater distance to advance than the third brigade

2907:

when two battalions attacked from Pearl Alley and Shelter Wood, Contalmaison being entered and occupied up to the church after a thirty-minute battle, in which several counter-attacks were repulsed but the attack from Shelter Wood failed. An attempt to attack again was cancelled due to the mud, a

2675:

At Boisselle the earth heaved and flashed, a tremendous and magnificent column rose up in the sky. There was an ear-splitting roar drowning all the guns, flinging the machine sideways in the repercussing air. The earth column rose higher and higher to almost 4,000 ft (1,200 m). There it

2304:

When the barrage lifted, the troops overran the German front trench on the higher part of the slope but German flanking fire from Sausage Valley and La Boisselle, forced the leading companies away from the north-east to due east on the right. The left flanking units of the rear companies and the

2286:

the men in the leading battalions had become casualties from German machine-gun fire, which began as soon as the British bombardment lifted off the German front line. Many of the German machine-guns were in concealed positions behind the front line and had not been hit by the bombardment. Bullets

2241:

Behind this front position, a second position with two parallel trenches had been built from Bazentin-le-Petit to Mouquet Farm and a third position had been dug about 3 mi (4.8 km) behind the second position. The front position lay on a forward slope which could be seen from the British

2173:

apart. Gore ordered the 101st Brigade the battalion headquarters staffs to stay behind until ordered forward, to preserve a cadre of officers to replace casualties. The first objective of the two leading lines of battalions was the German front system of four trench lines, the fourth trench being

3108:

The tunnel had been dug in the 34th Division area and two more in the 8th Division sector to the north. The tunnels were 8.5 ft (2.6 m) high, 3.5 ft (1.1 m) wide at the bottom and 2.5 ft (0.76 m) wide at the top, 12–14 ft (3.7–4.3 m) underground. The great

2924:

on 10 July and managed to occupy Bailiff Wood and trenches either side. After a thirty-minute bombardment, a creeping barrage moved in five short lifts through the village to the eastern fringe, as every machine-gun in the division fired on the edges of the village and the approaches. The attack

2787:

Salient in the X Corps area dominated the left of the III Corps sector, which left the 8th and 34th divisions dependent on the effectiveness of the X Corps bombardment. No man's land in the 34th Division sector varied from 200–800 yd (180–730 m) and Prior and Wilson wrote that they had

2561:

both brigades attacked, to advance beyond the village to a trench 400 yd (370 m) and gain touch with the divisions on the flanks. By bombing and fighting hand-to-hand, the British gradually drove the remnants of Reserve Infantry 110 and reinforcements from Infantry Regiment 23 from the

2423:

dug in along 400 yd (370 m) of trench. The fourth brigade column, with the 20th Northumberland and 23rd Northumberland of the 102nd Brigade and the 25th Northumberland of the 103rd Brigade, was to pass beyond the Glory Hole and north of La Boisselle. The German front line followed the

1417:

On 27 December, a German bombardment on the captured positions in La Boisselle was followed by an abortive counter-attack on the 118th Infantry Regiment and the 64th Infantry Regiment. German heavy artillery reinforcements had been brought into the area and made the ground untenable; the French

2038:

dug the mines on either side of the salient around La Boisselle, to destroy German positions and create crater lips to block German enfilade fire along no man's land. The tunnellers used bayonets with spliced handles and worked barefoot on a floor covered with sandbags for silence. Flints were

2318:

separating two infantry companies. The battalions then turned north, the 15th Royal Scots up Birch Tree Trench in the second intermediate line, towards Peake Woods, with the 16th Royal Scots in support along the Fricourt–Pozieres road, 200 yd (180 m) behind. A company of the reserve

2144:

All three infantry brigades of the division were to attack at zero hour in waves. Four columns, three battalions deep, were to attack on 400 yd (370 m) frontages, with a gap between the third and fourth columns either side of La Boisselle, which like Fricourt was not to be attacked

1647:

and the second position, all within 2,000 yd (1,800 m) and most troops within 1,000 yd (910 m) of the front line, accommodated in the new deep dugouts. The concentration of troops at the front line on a forward slope guaranteed that it would face the bulk of an artillery

1372:, about 0.93 mi (1.5 km) south of La Boisselle to capture Albert was planned for the evening of 7 October; the Bavarian infantry found that keeping direction in the dark was impossible. Small-arms fire from well dug-in French troops added to the confusion and the attack collapsed, 2902:

when a battalion reached the southern fringe, before machine-gun fire from Contalmaison forced them back 400 yd (370 m), as a fresh battalion worked along a trench towards the 19th Division on the left flank. The attack on Contalmaison by the 24th Brigade was delayed until after

2338:), where the north face was on the flank of the column advance. Small-arms fire from Sausage Redoubt, the trenches nearby in Sausage Valley and from La Boisselle, which had hit the right-hand column, was turned on to the second column and within two minutes the 10th (Service) Battalion 2281:

on 1 July, the infantry of the 34th Division apart from the leading troops of the second column rose from their jumping-off trenches. The leading battalions attacked from the front line and those at the rear moved down from the Tara–Usna ridge into the Avoca valley. Within ten minutes,

1403:

Next day, XI Corps broke through the German defences at La Boisselle cemetery but was stopped a short distance forward in front of trenches protected by barbed wire. A German counter-attack using incendiary grenades recaptured a trench north of Maricourt and a French counter-attack at

2505:

the 26th Reserve Division headquarters ordered that Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 was to retire through La Boisselle and that Ovillers was to be held to the last man. The companies advanced across 500 yd (460 m) of no man's land in the afternoon and bombed into the redoubt.

2925:

moved forward in four waves, with mopping-up parties following, through return fire from the garrison and reached a trench at the edge of the village, forcing the survivors to retreat into Contalmaison. The waves broke up into groups which advanced faster than the barrage. Only

2808:

and were able to hold on despite German counter-attacks. The advance of the 103rd Brigade was over ground with a fold, which meant that the disastrous attack by the preceding brigades could not be seen as the brigade was hit by artillery and machine-gun fire, which inflicted

1576:

machine-guns. German troops were reluctant to believe that the British had assembled an army large enough to extend as far south as the Somme but a soldier seen near Thiepval was thought to be a French soldier in a grey hat. By 4 August, it was reported by OHL that the

2464:

was cancelled as the 57th and 58th brigades were not able to get forward, over ground which had been churned by the bombardment and was covered with the dead of the morning attack; communications trenches were found to be full of walking-wounded and stretcher bearers.

2596:

and showers during the day ended in a thunderstorm all afternoon. Troops were soaked, trenches flooded and the ground turned to deep mud and clung to boots and hooves; the RFC was mostly grounded but managed to register some artillery and reconnoitre Mametz Wood. At

2398:

for twelve minutes. As soon as the garrison emerged unharmed from deep shelters under the village, they engaged the third column with machine-guns and enfiladed the British infantry, as they tried to move past and caused many casualties to all three battalions.

2030:

workings were taken over as the British moved into the Somme front and great secrecy was maintained to prevent the discovery of the mines, since no continuous front line trench ran through the Glory Hole, which was defended by posts near the mine shafts. The

2305:

16th Royal Scots were shot down as they followed on. Parties of the 15th Royal Scots were left behind to attack Sausage Redoubt and the trenches in the vicinity, as the rest advanced straight up the slope straying into the XV Corps sector, held by the

2454:

when a force from the 21st Division began to bomb north along the German front line, as a party from the 34th Division attacked southwards from the Lochnagar crater but the shell-fire had no effect. The first line of troops from the crater, lost

2633:

also arrived and neither side managed to advance; during the night the 12th Division relieved the 57th Brigade at La Boisselle. The area between the 23rd Division on the right and the 19th Division around La Boisselle was attacked at

2326:

The brigade column on the left advanced five minutes after the rest of the division, to avoid debris from the Lochnagar mine and because the German line to the south curved back around Sausage Valley. The mine was sprung on time at

1984:

to the Germans) was to be bombarded by Stokes mortars from an emplacement dug in no man's land overnight, 500 yd (460 m) opposite the strong point. (Long-range fire was more successful and a 12-inch railway gun chased

2436:

a battalion of the 19th Division was sent forward but an attack by this battalion and the last company of the pioneer battalion was cancelled, two brigades of the 19th Division being sent forward to attack after dark instead.

1275:, which meant that the disaster of the attack by preceding brigades occurred in dead ground. As the 103rd Brigade advanced from behind the British front line, it was engaged by artillery and machine-gun fire, which inflicted 2319:

battalion of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 counter-attacked from Peake Woods, throwing hand-grenades and German troops in Scots Redoubt and the third and fourth trenches behind the Scots, engaged them with machine-gun fire.

1334:

advanced close to Montauban and Maricourt against scattered resistance from French infantry and cavalry. On 28 September, the French were able to stop the German advance on a line from Maricourt to Fricourt and Thiepval.

4404:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. II (Imperial War Museum & Battery Press ed.). London: Macmillan. 2136:

in corps reserve was to move forward to vacated trenches in the Tara–Usna line, ready to relieve the attacking divisions after the objectives had been reached. If the German defences collapsed, the 19th Division and

1549:

and had sentry-posts in concrete recesses built into the parapet. Dugouts had been deepened from 6–9 ft (1.8–2.7 m) to 20–30 ft (6.1–9.1 m), 50 yd (46 m) apart and made large enough for

4139:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. I (Imperial War Museum & Battery Press ed.). London: Macmillan. 4180:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. I (Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed.). London: Macmillan. 2372:

The first of the 102nd Brigade columns, with the 21st and 22nd Northumberland supported by the 26th Northumberland of the 103rd Brigade, had tried to advance on the north side of the Lochnagar crater blown under

2237:

the village of Ovillers had also been fortified. An intermediate line had been dug further back, from Fricourt Farm to Ovillers and a second intermediate line was being dug in front of Contalmaison and Pozières.

4286:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. IV (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Clarendon Press. 4199:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. IV (Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed.). London: HMSO. 2428:

battalion and brigade staffs becoming casualties too. The survivors of the fourth brigade column withdrew to the British front line. Thick smoke and dust obscured the view of 34th Division observers and until

1974:). The unsatisfactory progress of the bombardment and the discovery on 30 June that parties clearing paths through the British wire had been fired on by the garrison of La Boisselle, led to a battery of eight 4158:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. I (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Macmillan. 2497:

as the 57th Brigade was still moving up. The German defenders had ceased firing and supplies were easily moved across no man's land to the two footholds and two companies of the 7th East Lancs of the

1283:

was rushed forward from reserve, in case of a German counter-attack on Albert and to continue the attack, most of the village was captured by 4 July and the operation was complete by 6 July.

2795:

Field artillery and field howitzers were left to suppress the German defenders for the last thirty minutes but had little destructive power against field fortifications. The advance towards

2625:

the British attacked over the open and captured Horseshoe Trench and Lincoln Redoubt. The 19th Division attacked at the east side of La Boisselle but the bombers were repulsed. The 1st

1672:

and spies reported an imminent offensive. On 24 June, a British prisoner spoke of a five-day bombardment to begin on 26 June and local units expected an attack within days. On 27 June,

1495:. After the explosions, a large party of German troops advanced and occupied the demolished houses but were not able to advance further against French artillery and small-arms fire. At 2517:

and a smoke screen released at zero hour. The deception succeeded and German artillery fired on Ovillers but not La Boisselle, where a frontal attack was made by the 6th Battalion,

702: 3089:

soldiers were rescued from a dug-out close to Y Sap and reported that nine other dug-outs nearer to the mine must have been collapsed. In 2013 Whitehead wrote that the area around

2725:

device operators overheard orders that the British infantry were to hold on to every yard of ground gained. The message had been sent by the Fourth Army headquarters on 30 June at

6387: 1392: 2057:, in two charges of 36,000 lb (16,000 kg) and 24,000 lb (11,000 kg), 60 ft (18 m) apart and 52 ft (16 m) deep. Just north of the village, 6402: 6586: 1376:

troops being captured in the fiasco. In early November, French artillery reinforcements arrived and bombardments beyond the front line began. On 19 November, two divisions of

2061:

was charged with 40,600 lb (18,400 kg) of Ammonal. Two smaller mines of 8,000 lb (3,600 kg) each were planted from galleries dug from Inch Street Trench.

299: 3069:

Photographs taken during mine explosions earlier in the year, showed that material blown in the air and capable of causing injury, landed within twenty seconds. During the

2191:

where the 101st and 102nd brigades were to dig in. The 103rd Brigade was then to pass through and reach the final objective on the far side of Contalmaison and Pozières at

7039: 1395:(XI Corps) took place from 17 December at La Boisselle, Mametz, Carnoy and Maricourt. Although wire-cutting had not been completed, the operation was ordered to begin at 2984: 2947:

La Boisselle became a backwater. The village was re-captured by the Germans on 25 March 1918, during the retreat of the 47th Division and the 12th (Eastern) Division in

1381: 241: 4720:. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan. 2849:

In 1921, the 34th Division historian, J. Shakespear using records compiled just after the division was relieved, write that in three days, the 101st Brigade had lost

2537:

During an attack on Ovillers by the 12th Division, which had relieved the remnants of the 8th Division, a company strayed southwards towards La Boisselle and trapped

6484: 6121: 5292: 1652:

Falkenhayn was more concerned about an offensive in Alsace-Lorraine and then a possible attack on the 6th Army, which held the front from near Gommecourt north to

1311: 2379:

and just south of La Boisselle. The column advanced as the mine was sprung and having only 200 yd (180 m) of no man's land to cross, managed to overrun

6563: 2546: 1364:

began operations west of Bapaume on the same day, by advancing down the Bapaume–Albert road to the Ancre river, to complete the advance down the Somme valley to

2225:(Swabian Heights; Scots Redoubt to the British) and La Boisselle. The front defensive system was held by two battalions of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 of the 1474:(Shell Farm) to the Germans and later Glory Hole by the British. On 5 January, French sappers were heard digging near a gallery and a 660 lb (300 kg) 1250:) and a German listening post overheard a British telephone conversation the day before, which gave away the attack. The III Corps divisions suffered more than 6591: 5105: 465: 2605:, which bombed up trenches with covering fire from machine-guns and Stokes mortars. Determined resistance by the German defenders held back the British until 6779: 6506: 6198: 5163: 695: 2638:

by bombing parties of the 7th East Lancs, was repulsed but a second attack over the open succeeded, after which three German counter-attacks were defeated.

6886: 7024: 6794: 6549: 2621:

when a German counter-attack forced the British back. Another counter-attack in the afternoon led to most of the 69th Brigade being sent forward. Around

2128:, ready to advance through any gap formed and turn north to roll up the German defences. On the right flank of III Corps, the 34th Division, composed of 2970: 2432:

exaggerated reports of success had been believed and some field artillery was ordered to advance. No troops were in reserve to resume the attack and at

1318:

but after French Territorial divisions were forced back from Bapaume, the division was ordered back to defend bridgeheads from Maricourt to Mametz. The

6789: 6479: 6430: 6345: 7034: 6633: 2253:

command post of Colonel von Vietinghoff, the commander of Reserve Infantry Regiment 110, who was forced to withdraw to another post at Contalmaison.

292: 2332:

column to the left. With the column behind the two on either side, German troops had more time to get ready in the trenches and in Sausage Redoubt (

90: 7029: 2916:

On 9 July, the 23rd Division attacked south and west of Contalmaison and a German counter-attack by Infantry Regiment 183 of the 183rd Division at

2350:

had been raked by machine-gun fire, before they had got beyond the British front line and the 11th Suffolk was also bombarded by German artillery.

932: 688: 391: 2039:

carefully prised out of the chalk and laid on the floor; when the bayonet was manipulated two-handed, an assistant caught the dislodged material.

1388:

attacked and gained 980–3,280 ft (300–1,000 m). The French attacks were costly and pushed forward the front line only a short distance.

6474: 5839: 994: 669: 4663: 1656:, near Ypres. In April, Falkenhayn had suggested a spoiling attack by the 6th Army but lack of troops and artillery, which were engaged in the 5270: 2801:

was to begin five minutes later than the rest of the brigade columns on either side which gave the Germans nearby time to recover. The German

220: 5332: 6534: 6464: 6103: 5322: 5233: 2630: 285: 6558: 5456: 4910: 627: 2541:

troops, who surrendered and were handed over to the 19th Division. The 57th Brigade had moved up on the left of the 58th Brigade and at

5133: 5463: 1226: 915: 2097:

if the initial attacks caused the German defence to collapse, the closest infantry would exploit without waiting for cavalry of the

5115: 2602: 6784: 6716: 6554: 6541: 6498: 6407: 6133: 5942: 5849: 5751: 5509: 5156: 2692:

observers noted flares lit in the village during the evening, which were used to plot the positions reached by British infantry.

1939: 1254:

and failed to capture La Boisselle or Ovillers, gaining only small footholds near the boundary with XV Corps to the south and at

2721:

device, had eavesdropped a British telephone conversation, which made it certain that the attack was to begin the next day. The

2233:, with a third battalion in reserve in the intermediate lines and the second position. On the far side of the road opposite the 6908: 6898: 6766: 2581: 2498: 2234: 1602: 1578: 6680: 6614: 6451: 6330: 6003: 5029: 4885: 4761: 4742: 4602: 4583: 4564: 4545: 4519: 4498: 4479: 4456: 4430: 4409: 4375: 4320: 4291: 4263: 4242: 4223: 4204: 4185: 4163: 4144: 4125: 2509:

The attackers then carried on to trenches beyond and consolidated a line about 1,000 yd (910 m) wide, having taken

2226: 2117: 2109: 1582: 6855: 6275: 5067: 3050: 2738: 2138: 1301: 384: 2629:

arrived from the 23rd Division as a reinforcement but the 9th Colberg (Graf Gneisenau) (2nd Pomeranian) Grenadiers of the

1597:

was shot and captured during a German trench raid. A second British soldier was captured when troops of the 1st Battalion

1568:

of their forerunners and a larger number of machine-guns began firing against the German lines, which did not pause every

6626: 5585: 5090: 2759:

and had failed to capture La Boisselle or Ovillers; only small footholds had been gained on the XV Corps boundary and at

2003: 1310:

on the right of the D 929 Albert–Bapaume road, at the junction of the D 104 to Contalmaison. On 26 September, the French

637: 573: 6840: 2898:

On 7 July in the III Corps area, the 68th Brigade of the 23rd Division was delayed by the barrage on Bailiff Wood until

6825: 6115: 5524: 5282: 4718:

Military Operations, France and Belgium: Mons, the Retreat to the Seine, the Marne and the Aisne, August – October 1914

2288: 2165:(Brigadier-General T. P. B. Tiernan) and the remaining two battalions of the 103rd Brigade were to follow the columns. 1512:

to dismantle the charge and cut the firing cables. From April 1915 to January 1916, sixty-one mines were sprung around

1605:

were wiring in no man's land. The soldier got lost in fog near the Ancre and blundered into the German lines near the

780: 6700: 6394: 6210: 5489: 4960: 2314:

where 21st Division troops were encountered. The British advance had taken place at the junction of Reserve Infantry

2249: 2162: 1991: 1361: 733: 3126:

and the 102nd and 203rd brigades were swapped for the 111th and 112th brigades of the 37th Division until 21 August.

3109:

secrecy maintained during the digging had delayed their use, as their existence was unknown to the attacking troops.

2609:

when all but some ruins at the north end had been captured. The 23rd Division attacked towards the 19th Division at

1978:

being readied to bombard La Boisselle at zero hour until the flanking parties entered the village. Sausage Redoubt (

1508:

a German sapper inadvertently broke into French gallery charged with explosives; a group of volunteers took a tense

1368:

but by 29 September the French had stopped the Bavarian advance around Fricourt and La Boisselle. A night attack on

5952: 5887: 4925: 2501:(Brigadier-General F. G. M. Rowley) were put under the command of the 34th Division, to attack Sausage Redoubt. At 1149: 453: 338: 2884:

killed in the village and the right-hand defensive sectors on 1 July but could not give a figure for the wounded.

2105:), which was assembled 5 mi (8.0 km) west of Albert and was to advance once the roads had been cleared. 6951: 6756: 6736: 6523: 6459: 6282: 6151: 5062: 4982: 4920: 2567:

Division, which drove the British back from the east end of the village. Reinforcements from the 10th Battalion,

1565: 851: 563: 519: 377: 5623: 7044: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6731: 6425: 5077: 5052: 4950: 3095:(Y Sap) had been evacuated before the explosion and that the 11th Company lost only eight men killed and about 2998: 2908:

heavy German barrage and lack of fresh troops. On the left the 19th Division bombers skirmished all day and at

2792:

thirty minutes before the infantry advance, which meant that its fire for the rest of the day was ineffective.

2577: 2306: 2291:(15th Royal Scots) had advanced to within 200 yd (180 m) of the German front line, before zero hour. 2154: 2146: 2125: 1338: 1268: 1237: 6726: 6721: 6685: 6619: 6511: 6357: 5947: 5799: 5337: 5265: 5196: 4965: 4935: 4930: 4491:

Landrecies to Cambrai: Case Studies of German Offensive and Defensive Operations on the Western Front 1914–17

4137:

Military Operations France and Belgium, 1916: Sir Douglas Haig's Command to the 1st July: Battle of the Somme

2098: 2053:

could be heard below Lochnagar and above Y Sap. Lochnagar was loaded with 60,000 lb (27,000 kg) of

873: 2861:

Wyrall, the 19th Division historian, wrote in 1932 that the capture of La Boisselle cost the division about

2745: 2141:

from reserve, were to advance either side of the Albert–Bapaume road under the command of the Reserve Army.

797: 7019: 6675: 6302: 6242: 6139: 6044: 5814: 5600: 5304: 5143: 5042: 1635:

was begun in February 1916 and was nearly complete on the Somme front when the battle began. The artillery

972: 802: 632: 4848: 2932:

of the I Battalion, Grenadier Regiment 9 made it back; the village was consolidated inside a box barrage.

2153:) with one battalion leading and a supporting battalion behind, followed by a battalion detached from the 2016: 1463: 6913: 6350: 6335: 6193: 6145: 5917: 5468: 5342: 5255: 5250: 5019: 5007: 5002: 2568: 2339: 2113: 1573: 1331: 1172: 1144: 1124: 957: 712: 585: 580: 176: 5529: 814: 7009: 6893: 6850: 6127: 5892: 5877: 5779: 5648: 5216: 5128: 5085: 4644: 4509: 4420: 4365: 1952:. The spurs were covered by trench networks and machine-gun posts; Thiepval Spur to the north opposite 1935: 1661: 1626: 1241: 1119: 1109: 1087: 1021: 937: 927: 900: 728: 4779: 2069: 1629:) in 1915, a third defensive position another 3,000 yd (2,700 m; 1.7 mi) back from the 7049: 6835: 6603: 6187: 6175: 5937: 5922: 5643: 5534: 5228: 5206: 4955: 4945: 4878: 4197:

Military Operations France and Belgium 1918: 8th August – 26th September The Franco-British Offensive

1546: 1167: 1139: 1094: 1077: 1033: 947: 868: 824: 819: 607: 5789: 4656: 2385:

and advance along the west side of Sausage Valley just below the village. The troops get beyond the

2213:

The German defences began with a front system which had four strong points in the southern section,

470: 358: 6810: 6297: 6287: 6216: 6169: 6157: 6097: 5912: 5907: 5829: 5238: 5211: 4915: 4557:

The Other Side of the Wire: The Battle of the Somme. With the German XIV Reserve Corps, 1 July 1916

2956: 2572: 2032: 1953: 1664:

was overstretched, its twelve regiments holding 22 mi (36 km) of front with no reserves.

1598: 1594: 1377: 1225:. To the north-east of La Boisselle lies Ovillers; by 1916, the village was called Ovillers by the 1134: 1072: 1048: 952: 878: 595: 590: 553: 460: 4402:

Military Operations France and Belgium, 1916, 2nd July 1916 to the End of the Battles of the Somme

7014: 6881: 6873: 6815: 6575: 6270: 6033: 5867: 5862: 5794: 5653: 5638: 5633: 5613: 5494: 5371: 2941: 2893: 2554: 2195:

and consolidate, ready to attack the German second position 800 yd (730 m) further on.

2133: 2121: 1385: 1319: 1297: 1280: 1191: 1099: 1060: 1038: 888: 829: 755: 492: 443: 418: 353: 309: 26: 5834: 4812: 6648: 6372: 6307: 6163: 5897: 5824: 5774: 5759: 5741: 5714: 5628: 5595: 5260: 5221: 5201: 5012: 4905: 4858: 2677: 2553:(Pioneers) attacked between La Boisselle and the Albert–Bapaume road, with the 10th Battalion, 2049:. The mines were laid without interference by German miners but as the explosives were placed, 2043:(460 mm) per day, until about 1,030 ft (310 m) long, with galleries beneath the 1233: 1114: 1082: 1043: 1011: 942: 910: 883: 856: 765: 652: 546: 524: 502: 423: 323: 22: 4255:

The War in the Air, Being the Story of the Part Played in the Great War by the Royal Air Force

4216:

When the Barrage Lifts: A Topographical History and Commentary on the Battle of the Somme 1916

1260:(Swabian heights), a field fortification in the German front line, after the explosion of the 893: 622: 541: 6638: 6292: 6181: 5957: 5927: 5857: 5804: 5726: 5694: 5668: 5618: 5549: 5451: 5404: 5188: 5057: 4940: 4178:

Military Operations France and Belgium 1918: The German March Offensive and its Preliminaries

3026: 2952: 2550: 2522: 1589:. On 9 August, the arrival of the British was revealed when Private William Nicholson of the 1528: 1384:

managed to advance the French line by 980–1,310 ft (300–400 m). In early December,

1369: 1214: 1203: 1129: 1104: 962: 844: 748: 558: 277: 257: 246: 4853: 497: 6988: 6903: 5590: 5564: 5514: 4871: 4713: 4173: 3012: 2150: 1545:) for the front-trench garrison and the third trench for local reserves. The trenches were 1522: 1016: 509: 485: 428: 328: 182: 5539: 2493:

and relieved the 34th Division troops. An attack by the 58th Brigade only was ordered for

8: 6970: 6109: 5973: 5932: 5809: 5769: 5764: 5709: 5392: 5386: 5287: 4619: 4339: 3045: 2272: 1438: 1380:

attacked to pin down German troops but were repulsed and on 28 November an attack by the

1195: 1026: 982: 977: 792: 770: 602: 480: 475: 438: 401: 343: 42: 6923: 2088:

after zero hour and the eighth lift was to fall 1,000 yd (910 m) beyond after

6930: 6845: 6204: 6068: 6050: 6015: 5979: 5819: 5784: 5736: 5721: 5608: 5559: 5398: 5357: 5037: 4308: 2705:

In the days after 1 July, it was found that the bombardment had not damaged the German

2654: 2650: 2626: 2518: 2294: 1211: 1199: 999: 839: 760: 568: 536: 254: 250: 54: 4511:

The Thirty-Fourth Division, 1915–1919: The Story of its Career from Ripon to the Rhine

2473: 2181:

after zero hour. The second objective was set at the German second intermediate line (

738: 6963: 6957: 6918: 6820: 6653: 6236: 6091: 6074: 5882: 5704: 5684: 5519: 5504: 5434: 5422: 5123: 5100: 5047: 4785: 4757: 4738: 4721: 4625: 4598: 4579: 4560: 4541: 4515: 4494: 4475: 4452: 4426: 4405: 4381: 4371: 4345: 4326: 4316: 4287: 4281: 4259: 4253: 4238: 4219: 4200: 4181: 4159: 4140: 4121: 4113: 2948: 2826: 2658: 2484: 2027: 1065: 1006: 809: 664: 433: 333: 2676:

hung, or seemed to hang, for a moment in the air, like the silhouette of some great

2248:, the crater field just west of La Boisselle. The front position lay across several 2174:

about 2,000 yd (1,800 m) from the British front line and to be reached at

6021: 5991: 5985: 5902: 5731: 5699: 5689: 5428: 5352: 5347: 5275: 5095: 4995: 3070: 2347: 1657: 967: 743: 531: 514: 4449:

Bloody Victory: The Sacrifice on the Somme and the Making of the Twentieth Century

2513:

As a ruse, the 58th Brigade attack was preceded by a bombardment on Ovillers from

2362: 1449: 6830: 6670: 6009: 5569: 5544: 5243: 5151: 4990: 4341:

The 47th (London) Division, 1914–1919 by Some who Served With it in the Great War

2203: 2158: 2035: 1162: 834: 659: 46: 4283:

The War in the Air Being the Part Played in the Great War by the Royal Air Force

6663: 6643: 6314: 6027: 5872: 5663: 5554: 5410: 5314: 5297: 4258:. Vol. II (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Clarendon Press. 2647: 2129: 2007: 1272: 1261: 905: 775: 642: 148: 1468:, which had been captured by the French in December and which became known as 7003: 6774: 6062: 6056: 5499: 5416: 5327: 4725: 4349: 4330: 2646:

The explosion of the Lochnagar and Y Sap mines was witnessed from the air by

2614: 2343: 1975: 1518:, some with 44,000–55,000 lb (20,000–25,000 kg) explosive charges. 787: 163: 105: 92: 4789: 2664: 2601:

the 56th Brigade of the 19th Division attacked at La Boisselle with the 7th

6224: 5658: 4385: 2102: 1994:, the XIV Reserve Corps commander and his staff out of Bapaume on 1 July.) 1956:, overlooked the ground across which the III Corps divisions must advance. 4781:

The Operational Role of British Corps Command on the Western Front 1914–18

4629: 4468: 6435: 6340: 6038: 5473: 4894: 1590: 1327: 1315: 4514:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: H. F. & G. Witherby. 4313:

Sagittarius Rising: The Classic Account of Flying in the First World War

1431:

each, excavated every 50 yd (46 m) and the front divided into

2487:

of the 58th Brigade (Brigadier-General A. J. W. Dowell) had arrived at

2058: 2011: 1710: 1653: 1323: 647: 4422:

A History of the 38th (Welsh) Division: By the GSO's.I of the Division

2880:

In 2013, Whitehead calculated that Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 lost

2775:

across the road, had been fortified and entrenched, further north the

6230: 5997: 4843: 4049: 1949: 1475: 2478:

German trench occupied by the 9th Cheshires, La Boisselle, July 1916

2092:

a procession into the German defences of 2 mi (3.2 km) in

1244:

but the bombardment had not damaged the German deep-mined dug-outs (

6490: 2450:

a bombardment was fired on the redoubt and adjacent trenches until

1648:

bombardment, directed by ground observers on clearly marked lines.

1499:

a French counter-attack drove back the Germans and inflicted about

1218: 261: 80: 4838: 4813:"Lochnagar Mine Crater Memorial, La Boisselle, Somme Battlefields" 4367:

History of the 12th (Eastern) Division in the Great War, 1914–1918

1668:

Albert, opposite the 2nd Army was seen by German air observers on

1460:

digging eight galleries at the south end of La Boisselle, towards

369: 4737:(Naval & Military Press ed.). Edinburgh: Wm. Blackwood. 2920:

was repulsed with many casualties. The British attacked again at

2054: 1454:

Map of the vicinity of La Boisselle (commune FR insee code 80615)

1422: 4118:

Pyrrhic victory: French Strategy and Operations in the Great War

680: 3926: 3878: 3650: 3461: 2050: 1365: 1229:(BEF) to avoid confusion with La Boisselle, south of the road. 1222: 1207: 265: 84: 4863: 4597:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Edward Arnold. 3077:

was planned but the infantry had attacked at zero hour anyway.

1355:) Reserve Division attacks towards Albert, late September 1914 1322:

attacked on 27 September between the Somme and the D 929, the

1194:, the name given by the British to the first two weeks of the 307: 6658: 3679: 3677: 3628: 3626: 3613: 3611: 3579: 3577: 3400: 3398: 2208:

Anglo-French objectives, north bank of the Somme, 1 July 1916

1934:

The British front line from Bécourt to Authuille was held by

4679: 3902: 3890: 2825:

On 1 July, the 34th Division suffered the largest number of

4578:(Greenwood Press, NY ed.). London: Faber & Faber. 4073: 3335: 2187:) just short of Contalmaison and Pozières to be reached at 4425:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Hugh Rees. 4120:. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University. 4025: 3713: 3674: 3662: 3623: 3608: 3574: 3509: 3497: 3449: 3395: 3383: 3359: 3347: 3275: 3168: 3166: 2991:

Troops passing Lochnagar Crater, October 1916 (IWM Q 1479)

1427:(dug-outs) 20–30 ft (6.1–9.1 m) underground for 1326:

from Bapaume to Albert and Amiens, intending to reach the

4540:(Pen & Sword Military ed.). London: Leo Cooper. 4015: 4013: 3730: 3728: 3598: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3528: 3526: 3524: 3427: 3425: 3190: 1971: 4037: 3974: 3938: 3701: 3562: 3437: 3323: 3311: 3299: 3287: 3265: 3263: 3207: 3205: 1479:

and 8th companies of the 65th Infantry Regiment, taking

1330:

and then continue westwards along the Somme valley. The

4370:(Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Nisbet. 4156:

Military Operations France and Belgium 1916: Appendices

3784: 3782: 3163: 2750:

Daily Mail Postcard: Captured dug-out near La Boisselle

1677:

1 July, when two divisions were put under OHL control.

4010: 3998: 3986: 3866: 3830: 3818: 3794: 3767: 3725: 3689: 3638: 3589: 3550: 3538: 3521: 3485: 3473: 3422: 3371: 3236: 1198:. The village of La Boisselle forms part of the small 4061: 3914: 3755: 3745: 3743: 3410: 3260: 3202: 3151: 3139: 2681:

the infantry were over the top, the attack had begun.

4364:

Middleton Brumwell, P. (2001) . Scott, A. B. (ed.).

3950: 3854: 3779: 3248: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3178: 2547:

The Prince of Wales's (North Staffordshire Regiment)

7040:

Battles of World War I involving the United Kingdom

4576:

If Germany Attacks: The Battle in Depth in the West

4085: 3962: 3842: 3806: 2161:). The two columns on the left flank were from the 1190:(1–6 July 1916) was a tactical incident during the 4467: 4363: 4055: 3740: 1489:when three more German mines were sprung close to 3217: 2977:La Boisselle mine crater, August 1916 (IWM Q 912) 2367:34th Division attack at La Boisselle, 1 July 1916 1685: 7001: 2446:), made attempts to capture the position and at 1409:two battalions of the 64th Infantry Regiment at 1279:before the troops reached the British line. The 5840:Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers 4680:"La reprise de l'offensive fin 1914–début 1915" 2872:were taken. Reserve Infantry Regiment 110 lost 2617:and fighting at Horseshoe Trench went on until 1539:) to be occupied by sentry groups, the second ( 4879: 4315:(2nd Penguin ed.). London: Peter Davis. 2715:on 30 June, a listening post equipped with a 2413:. The 22nd Northumberland was forced back to 696: 385: 293: 59:Battle of the Somme 1 July – 18 November 1916 4754:The Chief: Douglas Haig and the British Army 4153: 3467: 3090: 2802: 2796: 2782: 2776: 2766: 2760: 2716: 2706: 2580:began to relieve the 34th Division with the 2488: 2441: 2414: 2408: 2402: 2392: 2386: 2380: 2374: 2333: 2243: 2220: 2214: 2182: 2044: 1997: 1986: 1979: 1964: 1943: 1642: 1636: 1630: 1620: 1606: 1555: 1540: 1534: 1526: 1513: 1490: 1469: 1461: 1432: 1419: 1350: 1344: 1255: 1245: 1206:about 22 mi (35 km) north-east of 6323: 4465: 3908: 3896: 2755:The III Corps divisions had lost more than 2219:(Sausage Redoubt to the British) backed by 7025:Battles of the Western Front (World War I) 4886: 4872: 4507: 3944: 3568: 3443: 703: 689: 392: 378: 311:Battle of Albert (1916) tactical incidents 300: 286: 4618: 4554: 3980: 3707: 3317: 3281: 3211: 2829:of the British divisions engaged, losing 1525:, the German Chief of the General Staff ( 154: 139: 7035:Battles of World War I involving Germany 6122:Revolutions and interventions in Hungary 4446: 4194: 4079: 3341: 3157: 2887: 2744: 2663: 2472: 2361: 2293: 2202: 2068: 2015: 1448: 1337: 7030:Battles of World War I involving France 6499:Occupied Enemy Territory Administration 4662:CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4535: 4213: 4172: 4134: 4112: 4031: 3932: 3884: 3872: 3773: 3734: 3719: 3695: 3683: 3668: 3656: 3644: 3632: 3617: 3602: 3583: 3556: 3544: 3532: 3515: 3503: 3491: 3479: 3455: 3431: 3416: 3404: 3389: 3377: 3365: 3353: 3293: 3269: 3254: 3196: 3184: 3172: 3145: 1554:An intermediate line of strong points ( 1485:Fighting continued and on the night of 1306:In 1914, La Boisselle was a village of 7002: 4677: 4592: 4538:The German Army on the Somme 1914–1916 4488: 4279: 4232: 4154:Edmonds, J. E.; Wynne, G. C. (2010) . 4067: 3956: 3920: 3788: 3761: 3242: 3230: 2198: 6452:Austro-Hungarian occupation of Serbia 5795:Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele) 4867: 4839:official site of the Lochnagar Crater 4573: 4418: 4399: 4337: 4307: 4251: 4091: 4043: 4019: 4004: 3992: 3968: 3860: 3848: 3836: 3824: 3812: 3800: 3749: 3329: 3305: 2401:The survivors still managed to reach 1414:in, having suffered many casualties. 684: 373: 281: 6856:Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne 4237:(reprint ed.). Cambridge: CUP. 4235:Douglas Haig and the First World War 3051:Ovillers-la-Boisselle in World War I 1302:Ovillers-la-Boisselle in World War I 1264:had destroyed some of its defences. 227: 6785:Ottomans against the Triple Entente 5586:Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes 2346:) and the 11th (Service) Battalion 2004:Mines on the first day of the Somme 1236:, La Boisselle was attacked by the 399: 13: 5525:First Battle of the Masurian Lakes 4784:(PhD). London: London University. 4700: 4559:. Vol. II. Solihull: Helion. 2613:with bombing parties from the 9th 2289:The Royal Scots (Lothian Regiment) 1963:guns, howitzers and the loan of a 1504:for several days. On the night of 14: 7061: 4854:Grimsby Roll of Honour, 1914–1919 4849:Ovillers–La Boisselle photo essay 4832: 4595:The Nineteenth Division 1914–1918 3073:(27 March – 16 April) a delay of 2641: 2299:Sausage Valley, Somme 1 July 1916 2163:102nd (Tyneside Scottish) Brigade 1349:) Reserve Division and the 28th ( 1314:attacked eastwards, north of the 710: 16:Battle during the First World War 5888:Second Battle of the Piave River 5510:Russian invasion of East Prussia 3025: 3011: 2997: 2983: 2969: 226: 219: 156: 141: 53: 6952:Arrest of a Suspect in Sarajevo 6152:Lithuanian Wars of Independence 4893: 4684:Historiques des Régiments 14/18 4484:– via Archive Foundation. 3112: 3102: 3080: 3071:Actions of the St. Eloi Craters 3063: 2857:and the 103rd Brigade incurred 2064: 2021:Plan view of the Lochnagar mine 6775:Austria-Hungary against Serbia 6634:Deportations from East Prussia 6431:1915 typhus epidemic in Serbia 4624:. Vol. VI. London. 1916. 4466:Prior, R.; Wilson, T. (2005). 2837:and the 16th Royal Scots lost 2592:Rain fell during the night of 2266: 2155:103rd (Tyneside Irish) Brigade 1686:British offensive preparations 1: 6686:Ukrainian Canadian internment 4344:. London: Amalgamated Press. 4100: 2926: 2866: 2820: 2771:and the trench further back. 2545:the 8th (Service) Battalion, 2440:Troops near Sausage Redoubt ( 2357: 1286: 6841:Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement 6140:Estonian War of Independence 5815:Southern Palestine offensive 4621:The Times History of the War 3133: 2695: 2529:and dig in near the church. 1959:The III Corps artillery had 7: 6795:USA against Austria-Hungary 6194:Turkish War of Independence 6146:Latvian War of Independence 5878:Treaty of Bucharest of 1918 5469:Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo 4735:The 23rd Division 1914–1919 4733:Sandilands, H. R. (1925) . 4419:Munby, J. E., ed. (2003) . 3118:The 34th Division had lost 3039: 2700: 2587: 2569:Royal Warwickshire Regiment 2340:Royal Lincolnshire Regiment 2139:49th (West Riding) Division 2114:2nd Indian Cavalry Division 1227:British Expeditionary Force 1173:Western Front tactics, 1917 10: 7066: 6878:Treaties of Brest-Litovsk 6426:1899–1923 cholera pandemic 5893:Second Battle of the Marne 5780:Second battle of the Aisne 5649:Second Battle of Champagne 5490:German invasion of Belgium 4338:Maude, A. H., ed. (1922). 4218:. Norwich: Gliddon Books. 3005:Lochnagar crater, Ovillers 2962: 2891: 2270: 2001: 1680: 1627:Second Battle of Champagne 1295: 414:Battles of the Somme, 1916 20: 6984: 6943: 6864: 6803: 6765: 6709: 6698: 6659:Assyrian genocide (Sayfo) 6602: 6574: 6522: 6444: 6418: 6370: 6263: 6256: 6188:Irish War of Independence 6084: 5966: 5938:Armistice of Villa Giusti 5923:Battle of Vittorio Veneto 5848: 5750: 5677: 5578: 5535:First Battle of the Marne 5482: 5444: 5379: 5370: 5313: 5187: 5176: 5142: 5114: 5076: 5028: 4981: 4974: 4901: 4555:Whitehead, R. J. (2013). 4474:. Yale University Press. 4451:. London: Little, Brown. 4195:Edmonds, J. E. (1993a) . 2845:and the 11th Suffolk had 2833:The 15th Royal Scots had 2532: 2468: 2261: 2256: 1998:Lochnagar and Y Sap mines 1611:(beaver colony) redoubt. 720: 411: 319: 214: 201: 188: 170: 133: 63: 52: 40: 35: 6811:Constantinople Agreement 6104:Armenian–Azerbaijani War 5967:Co-belligerent conflicts 5943:Second Romanian campaign 5913:Third Transjordan attack 5624:Gorlice–Tarnów offensive 5530:Battle of Grand Couronné 4859:Ovillers and la Boiselle 4844:La Boisselle Study Group 4508:Shakespear, J. (2001) . 4489:Rogers, D., ed. (2010). 4135:Edmonds, J. E. (1993) . 3935:, pp. 380–381, 391. 3887:, pp. 376, 391–392. 3659:, pp. 177–191, 430. 3468:Edmonds & Wynne 2010 3056: 2957:Second Battle of Bapaume 2669:Morane-Saulnier L 3-view 2573:Gloucestershire Regiment 2033:179th Tunnelling Company 1599:East Lancashire Regiment 1595:51st (Highland) Division 6874:Modus vivendi of Acroma 6826:Bulgaria–Germany treaty 6134:Greater Poland Uprising 6034:National Protection War 5918:Meuse–Argonne offensive 5868:German spring offensive 5863:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk 5639:Siege of Novogeorgievsk 5614:Second Battle of Artois 5495:Battle of the Frontiers 4756:. London: Aurum Press. 4280:Jones, H. A. (2002a) . 4233:Harris, J. P. (2009) . 4176:; et al. (1995) . 4056:Middleton Brumwell 2001 3909:Prior & Wilson 2005 3897:Prior & Wilson 2005 2942:Battle of Albert (1916) 2935: 2913:north end of Ovillers. 2894:Capture of Contalmaison 2841:The Grimsby Chums lost 2810:70 per cent casualties, 2739:General Henry Rawlinson 2555:Worcestershire Regiment 2549:and bombers of the 5th 2134:19th (Western) Division 2122:12th (Eastern) Division 1614: 1444: 1298:Battle of Albert (1914) 1291: 1281:19th (Western) Division 1271:was over ground with a 1188:Capture of La Boisselle 1061:German spring offensive 36:Capture of La Boisselle 27:Battle of Albert (1916) 6899:Paris Peace Conference 6887:Ukraine–Central Powers 6681:Massacres of Albanians 6649:Late Ottoman genocides 6456:Bulgarian occupations 6164:Third Anglo-Afghan War 6128:Hungarian–Romanian War 5953:Naval Victory Bulletin 5948:Armistice with Germany 5898:Hundred Days Offensive 5825:Battle of La Malmaison 5775:Second battle of Arras 5742:Battle of Transylvania 5596:Second Battle of Ypres 5464:Sarajevo assassination 5353:South African Republic 4752:Sheffield, G. (2011). 4574:Wynne, G. C. (1976) . 4252:Jones, H. A. (2002) . 3091: 2853:the 102nd Brigade had 2803: 2797: 2783: 2777: 2767: 2761: 2752: 2743: 2717: 2707: 2689: 2671: 2557:on the left flank. At 2489: 2480: 2442: 2415: 2409: 2403: 2393: 2387: 2381: 2375: 2369: 2334: 2316:regiments 110 and 111, 2301: 2244: 2221: 2215: 2210: 2183: 2080: 2045: 2023: 1987: 1980: 1965: 1944: 1643: 1637: 1631: 1621: 1607: 1556: 1541: 1535: 1527: 1514: 1491: 1470: 1462: 1456: 1433: 1420: 1391:Attacks by the French 1357: 1351: 1345: 1277:70 per cent casualties 1256: 1246: 1234:first day on the Somme 324:First Day on the Somme 171:Commanders and leaders 23:First day on the Somme 7045:Ovillers-la-Boisselle 6909:Treaty of St. Germain 6882:Russia–Central Powers 6836:Sykes–Picot Agreement 6664:Pontic Greek genocide 6639:Destruction of Kalisz 6615:Eastern Mediterranean 6176:Polish–Lithuanian War 5958:Armistice of Belgrade 5928:Armistice of Salonica 5858:Operation Faustschlag 5805:Third Battle of Oituz 5727:Baranovichi offensive 5695:Lake Naroch offensive 5669:Battle of Robat Karim 5644:Vistula–Bug offensive 5619:Battles of the Isonzo 5550:First Battle of Ypres 4536:Sheldon, J. (2006) . 4447:Philpott, W. (2009). 2953:38th (Welsh) Division 2888:Subsequent operations 2748: 2730: 2673: 2667: 2551:South Wales Borderers 2523:Royal Welch Fusiliers 2476: 2365: 2297: 2206: 2072: 2019: 1583:26th Reserve Division 1529:Oberste Heeresleitung 1452: 1393:53rd Reserve Division 1343:Diagram of the 26th ( 1341: 1332:3rd Bavarian Division 1204:Ovillers-la-Boisselle 202:Casualties and losses 6904:Treaty of Versailles 6620:Mount Lebanon famine 6535:in the United States 6503:Russian occupations 6217:Turkish–Armenian War 6158:Polish–Ukrainian War 6098:Ukrainian–Soviet War 6045:Central Asian Revolt 5835:Armistice of Focșani 5565:Battle of Sarikamish 5515:Battle of Tannenberg 4911:Military engagements 4778:Simpson, A. (2001). 4593:Wyrall, E. (2009) . 4493:. Solihull: Helion. 4214:Gliddon, G. (1987). 2870: 350 prisoners 2815:unmitigated disaster 2118:3rd Cavalry Division 2110:1st Cavalry Division 2101:(Lieutenant-General 1938:(Lieutenant-General 1523:Erich von Falkenhayn 1232:On 1 July 1916, the 1168:French Army mutinies 1163:1914 Christmas truce 933:Hohenzollern Redoubt 574:Butte de Warlencourt 242:class=notpageimage| 183:Erich von Falkenhayn 106:50.03222°N 2.69861°E 7020:Battle of the Somme 6971:They shall not pass 6894:Treaty of Bucharest 6851:Treaty of Bucharest 6790:USA against Germany 6767:Declarations of war 6471:German occupations 6384:British casualties 6243:Soviet–Georgian War 6170:Egyptian Revolution 6110:Armeno-Georgian War 5974:Somaliland campaign 5933:Armistice of Mudros 5810:Battle of Caporetto 5800:Battle of Mărășești 5770:Zimmermann telegram 5765:February Revolution 5710:Battle of the Somme 5634:Bug-Narew Offensive 5609:Battle of Gallipoli 5601:Sinking of the RMS 5393:Scramble for Africa 5387:Franco-Prussian War 5043:Sinai and Palestine 4678:Logier, D. (2003). 4400:Miles, W. (1992) . 4082:, pp. 238–242. 4058:, pp. 169–170. 4046:, pp. 163–165. 4034:, pp. 480–481. 3722:, pp. 382–383. 3686:, pp. 381–382. 3671:, pp. 380–381. 3635:, pp. 379–380. 3620:, pp. 378–379. 3586:, pp. 377–378. 3518:, pp. 376–377. 3506:, pp. 375–376. 3470:, pp. 150–151. 3458:, pp. 373–374. 3407:, pp. 372–373. 3392:, pp. 371–372. 3368:, pp. 317–319. 3356:, pp. 316–317. 3344:, pp. 157–165. 3332:, pp. 100–103. 3308:, pp. 100–101. 3199:, pp. 46, 114. 3046:Capture of Ovillers 2273:Capture of Ovillers 2199:German preparations 2157:(Brigadier-General 2149:(Brigadier-General 1698: 1267:The advance of the 1196:Battle of the Somme 1157:Associated articles 874:Hartmannswillerkopf 734:Invasion of Belgium 617:Associated articles 102: / 43:Battle of the Somme 6931:Treaty of Lausanne 6846:Paris Economy Pact 6780:UK against Germany 6710:Entry into the war 6676:Urkun (Kyrgyzstan) 6395:Ottoman casualties 6205:Franco-Turkish War 6085:Post-War conflicts 6069:Russian Revolution 6051:Invasion of Darfur 6016:Kelantan rebellion 6004:Kurdish rebellions 5980:Mexican Revolution 5820:October Revolution 5785:Kerensky offensive 5760:Capture of Baghdad 5737:Monastir offensive 5722:Brusilov offensive 5560:Battle of Kolubara 5399:Russo-Japanese War 4817:www.greatwar.co.uk 2753: 2672: 2631:3rd Guard Division 2627:Sherwood Foresters 2571:and 8th Battalion 2519:Wiltshire Regiment 2481: 2410:Völkerbereitschaft 2370: 2302: 2231:) Reserve Division 2211: 2081: 2024: 1690: 1638:Sperrfeuerstreifen 1585:had seen a man in 1457: 1434:Sperrfeuerstreifen 1358: 210:1,601 (incomplete) 7010:Conflicts in 1916 6997: 6996: 6980: 6979: 6964:The Golden Virgin 6958:Mutilated victory 6939: 6938: 6919:Treaty of Trianon 6914:Treaty of Neuilly 6821:Damascus Protocol 6694: 6693: 6654:Armenian genocide 6611:Allied blockades 6583:Belgian refugees 6366: 6365: 6276:Strategic bombing 6252: 6251: 6237:Franco-Syrian War 6211:Greco-Turkish War 6199:Anglo-Turkish War 6182:Polish–Soviet War 6116:German Revolution 6092:Russian Civil War 6075:Finnish Civil War 5908:Battle of Megiddo 5883:Battle of Goychay 5830:Battle of Cambrai 5790:Battle of Mărăști 5705:Battle of Jutland 5685:Erzurum offensive 5540:Siege of Przemyśl 5520:Siege of Tsingtao 5505:Battle of Galicia 5435:Second Balkan War 5423:Italo-Turkish War 5380:Pre-War conflicts 5366: 5365: 5256:Portuguese Empire 5172: 5171: 5134:German New Guinea 5116:Asian and Pacific 4763:978-1-84513-691-8 4744:978-1-84342-641-7 4645:cite encyclopedia 4604:978-1-84342-208-2 4585:978-0-8371-5029-1 4566:978-1-907677-12-0 4547:978-1-84415-269-8 4521:978-1-84342-050-7 4500:978-1-906033-76-7 4481:978-0-300-10694-7 4458:978-1-4087-0108-9 4432:978-1-84342-583-0 4411:978-0-901627-76-6 4377:978-1-84342-228-0 4322:978-0-14-004367-9 4293:978-1-84342-415-4 4265:978-1-84342-413-0 4244:978-0-521-89802-7 4225:978-0-947893-02-6 4206:978-0-89839-191-6 4187:978-0-89839-219-7 4165:978-1-84574-730-5 4146:978-0-89839-185-5 4127:978-0-674-01880-8 4022:, pp. 54–57. 4007:, pp. 40–41. 3995:, pp. 33–34. 3911:, pp. 93–99. 3899:, pp. 92–93. 3839:, pp. 21–22. 3827:, pp. 20–21. 3803:, pp. 12–13. 3296:, pp. 63–65. 3284:, pp. 9, 39. 3245:, pp. 57–58. 3175:, pp. 22–26. 2949:Operation Michael 2930: 100 troops 2757:11,000 casualties 2562:village and took 2394:Alte Jägerstrasse 1992:Hermann von Stein 1932: 1931: 1697: 1566:live-and-let-live 1362:XIV Reserve Corps 1320:II Bavarian Corps 1252:11,000 casualties 1181: 1180: 1007:Nivelle offensive 781:Trouée de Charmes 678: 677: 665:Thiepval Memorial 520:Flers–Courcelette 367: 366: 276: 275: 129: 128: 111:50.03222; 2.69861 7057: 7050:July 1916 events 6924:Treaty of Sèvres 6816:Treaty of London 6707: 6706: 6485:Northeast France 6416: 6415: 6388:Parliamentarians 6321: 6320: 6283:Chemical weapons 6261: 6260: 6022:Senussi campaign 5992:Muscat rebellion 5986:Maritz rebellion 5903:Vardar offensive 5732:Battle of Romani 5700:Battle of Asiago 5690:Battle of Verdun 5654:Kosovo offensive 5429:First Balkan War 5377: 5376: 5276:Russian Republic 5185: 5184: 4979: 4978: 4921:Economic history 4888: 4881: 4874: 4865: 4864: 4827: 4825: 4823: 4800: 4798: 4796: 4767: 4748: 4729: 4695: 4693: 4691: 4667: 4660: 4654: 4650: 4648: 4640: 4638: 4636: 4608: 4589: 4570: 4551: 4532: 4530: 4528: 4504: 4485: 4473: 4462: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4415: 4396: 4394: 4392: 4360: 4358: 4356: 4334: 4304: 4302: 4300: 4276: 4274: 4272: 4248: 4229: 4210: 4191: 4169: 4150: 4131: 4095: 4089: 4083: 4077: 4071: 4065: 4059: 4053: 4047: 4041: 4035: 4029: 4023: 4017: 4008: 4002: 3996: 3990: 3984: 3978: 3972: 3966: 3960: 3954: 3948: 3942: 3936: 3930: 3924: 3918: 3912: 3906: 3900: 3894: 3888: 3882: 3876: 3870: 3864: 3858: 3852: 3846: 3840: 3834: 3828: 3822: 3816: 3810: 3804: 3798: 3792: 3786: 3777: 3771: 3765: 3759: 3753: 3747: 3738: 3732: 3723: 3717: 3711: 3705: 3699: 3693: 3687: 3681: 3672: 3666: 3660: 3654: 3648: 3642: 3636: 3630: 3621: 3615: 3606: 3600: 3587: 3581: 3572: 3566: 3560: 3554: 3548: 3542: 3536: 3530: 3519: 3513: 3507: 3501: 3495: 3489: 3483: 3477: 3471: 3465: 3459: 3453: 3447: 3441: 3435: 3429: 3420: 3414: 3408: 3402: 3393: 3387: 3381: 3375: 3369: 3363: 3357: 3351: 3345: 3339: 3333: 3327: 3321: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3297: 3291: 3285: 3279: 3273: 3267: 3258: 3252: 3246: 3240: 3234: 3228: 3215: 3209: 3200: 3194: 3188: 3182: 3176: 3170: 3161: 3155: 3149: 3143: 3127: 3125: 3121: 3116: 3110: 3106: 3100: 3098: 3094: 3088: 3084: 3078: 3076: 3067: 3033:Lochnagar crater 3029: 3019:Lochnagar crater 3015: 3001: 2987: 2973: 2946: 2931: 2928: 2923: 2919: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2868: 2864: 2863:3,500 casualties 2860: 2856: 2855:2,324 casualties 2852: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2811: 2806: 2800: 2791: 2786: 2780: 2770: 2764: 2758: 2741: 2728: 2720: 2714: 2710: 2708:minierte Stollen 2687: 2637: 2624: 2620: 2612: 2608: 2600: 2595: 2565: 2560: 2544: 2540: 2528: 2516: 2512: 2504: 2496: 2492: 2483:By dawn the 9th 2463: 2458: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2435: 2431: 2422: 2418: 2412: 2406: 2396: 2390: 2384: 2378: 2348:Suffolk Regiment 2337: 2330: 2317: 2312: 2285: 2280: 2247: 2224: 2218: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2180: 2177: 2172: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2048: 1990: 1983: 1968: 1962: 1947: 1940:William Pulteney 1699: 1695: 1689: 1675: 1671: 1658:Battle of Verdun 1646: 1640: 1634: 1625:(Autumn Battle, 1624: 1610: 1571: 1559: 1553: 1544: 1538: 1532: 1517: 1511: 1507: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1488: 1482: 1473: 1467: 1436: 1430: 1426: 1412: 1407: 1398: 1375: 1354: 1348: 1309: 1278: 1259: 1253: 1249: 1247:minierte Stollen 1192:Battle of Albert 1120:St Quentin Canal 715: 705: 698: 691: 682: 681: 623:Hébuterne (1915) 586:Schwaben Redoubt 406: 404: 394: 387: 380: 371: 370: 314: 312: 302: 295: 288: 279: 278: 230: 229: 223: 166: 162: 160: 159: 151: 147: 145: 144: 117: 116: 114: 113: 112: 107: 103: 100: 99: 98: 95: 65: 64: 57: 33: 32: 7065: 7064: 7060: 7059: 7058: 7056: 7055: 7054: 7000: 6999: 6998: 6993: 6976: 6935: 6867: 6860: 6831:Treaty of Darin 6799: 6761: 6717:Austria-Hungary 6703: 6690: 6671:Rape of Belgium 6598: 6570: 6518: 6512:Western Armenia 6507:Eastern Galicia 6440: 6414: 6378: 6377:Civilian impact 6376: 6362: 6319: 6248: 6080: 6010:Ovambo Uprising 5962: 5844: 5746: 5673: 5591:Battle of Łomża 5574: 5570:Christmas truce 5545:Race to the Sea 5478: 5440: 5362: 5333:Austria-Hungary 5309: 5244:Empire of Japan 5181: 5179: 5168: 5152:U-boat campaign 5138: 5110: 5072: 5024: 4970: 4951:Popular culture 4897: 4892: 4835: 4830: 4821: 4819: 4810: 4794: 4792: 4777: 4764: 4751: 4745: 4732: 4712: 4703: 4701:Further reading 4698: 4689: 4687: 4661: 4652: 4651: 4642: 4641: 4634: 4632: 4605: 4586: 4567: 4548: 4526: 4524: 4522: 4501: 4482: 4459: 4437: 4435: 4433: 4412: 4390: 4388: 4378: 4354: 4352: 4323: 4298: 4296: 4294: 4270: 4268: 4266: 4245: 4226: 4207: 4188: 4166: 4147: 4128: 4103: 4098: 4090: 4086: 4078: 4074: 4066: 4062: 4054: 4050: 4042: 4038: 4030: 4026: 4018: 4011: 4003: 3999: 3991: 3987: 3979: 3975: 3967: 3963: 3955: 3951: 3945:Shakespear 2001 3943: 3939: 3931: 3927: 3919: 3915: 3907: 3903: 3895: 3891: 3883: 3879: 3871: 3867: 3859: 3855: 3847: 3843: 3835: 3831: 3823: 3819: 3811: 3807: 3799: 3795: 3787: 3780: 3772: 3768: 3760: 3756: 3748: 3741: 3733: 3726: 3718: 3714: 3706: 3702: 3694: 3690: 3682: 3675: 3667: 3663: 3655: 3651: 3643: 3639: 3631: 3624: 3616: 3609: 3601: 3590: 3582: 3575: 3569:Shakespear 2001 3567: 3563: 3555: 3551: 3543: 3539: 3531: 3522: 3514: 3510: 3502: 3498: 3490: 3486: 3478: 3474: 3466: 3462: 3454: 3450: 3444:Shakespear 2001 3442: 3438: 3430: 3423: 3415: 3411: 3403: 3396: 3388: 3384: 3376: 3372: 3364: 3360: 3352: 3348: 3340: 3336: 3328: 3324: 3316: 3312: 3304: 3300: 3292: 3288: 3280: 3276: 3268: 3261: 3253: 3249: 3241: 3237: 3229: 3218: 3210: 3203: 3195: 3191: 3183: 3179: 3171: 3164: 3156: 3152: 3144: 3140: 3136: 3131: 3130: 3123: 3119: 3117: 3113: 3107: 3103: 3096: 3086: 3085: 3081: 3074: 3068: 3064: 3059: 3042: 3035: 3034: 3030: 3021: 3020: 3016: 3007: 3006: 3002: 2993: 2992: 2988: 2979: 2978: 2974: 2965: 2944: 2938: 2929: 2921: 2917: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2896: 2890: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2850: 2847:527 casualties. 2846: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2823: 2809: 2789: 2756: 2751: 2742: 2737: 2726: 2712: 2703: 2698: 2688: 2685: 2670: 2644: 2635: 2622: 2618: 2610: 2606: 2598: 2593: 2590: 2563: 2558: 2542: 2538: 2535: 2526: 2514: 2510: 2502: 2494: 2479: 2471: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2447: 2433: 2429: 2420: 2368: 2360: 2328: 2315: 2310: 2300: 2283: 2278: 2275: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2209: 2201: 2192: 2188: 2178: 2175: 2170: 2159:Neville Cameron 2130:Pals battalions 2093: 2089: 2085: 2079: 2067: 2036:Royal Engineers 2022: 2014: 2000: 1988:Generalleutnant 1960: 1829: 1813: 1706: 1694: 1688: 1683: 1673: 1669: 1644:Stützpunktlinie 1632:Stützpunktlinie 1617: 1591:6th Black Watch 1569: 1557:Stützpunktlinie 1551: 1509: 1505: 1501:150 casualties. 1500: 1496: 1486: 1480: 1455: 1447: 1428: 1410: 1405: 1396: 1373: 1356: 1307: 1304: 1296:Main articles: 1294: 1289: 1276: 1251: 1184: 1183: 1182: 1177: 1154: 958:Vimy Ridge 1916 835:Race to the Sea 803:1st St. Quentin 725: 716: 711: 709: 679: 674: 660:Leipzig Salient 628:Order of Battle 614: 407: 403:Somme Offensive 402: 400: 398: 368: 363: 315: 310: 308: 306: 272: 271: 270: 269: 268: 244: 238: 237: 236: 235: 231: 157: 155: 142: 140: 125:British victory 110: 108: 104: 101: 96: 93: 91: 89: 88: 87: 58: 47:First World War 29: 21:Main articles: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7063: 7053: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7015:1916 in France 7012: 6995: 6994: 6992: 6991: 6985: 6982: 6981: 6978: 6977: 6975: 6974: 6967: 6960: 6955: 6947: 6945: 6941: 6940: 6937: 6936: 6934: 6933: 6928: 6927: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6911: 6906: 6896: 6891: 6890: 6889: 6884: 6876: 6870: 6868: 6866:Peace treaties 6865: 6862: 6861: 6859: 6858: 6853: 6848: 6843: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6807: 6805: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6771: 6769: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6759: 6754: 6752:United Kingdom 6749: 6744: 6742:Ottoman Empire 6739: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6713: 6711: 6704: 6699: 6696: 6695: 6692: 6691: 6689: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6667: 6666: 6661: 6656: 6646: 6644:Sack of Dinant 6641: 6636: 6631: 6630: 6629: 6624: 6623: 6622: 6608: 6606: 6600: 6599: 6597: 6596: 6595: 6594: 6592:United Kingdom 6589: 6580: 6578: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6568: 6567: 6566: 6561: 6552: 6546:POW locations 6544: 6539: 6538: 6537: 6528: 6526: 6520: 6519: 6517: 6516: 6515: 6514: 6509: 6501: 6496: 6495: 6494: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6469: 6468: 6467: 6462: 6454: 6448: 6446: 6442: 6441: 6439: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6422: 6420: 6413: 6412: 6411: 6410: 6405: 6397: 6392: 6391: 6390: 6381: 6379: 6371: 6368: 6367: 6364: 6363: 6361: 6360: 6355: 6354: 6353: 6346:United Kingdom 6343: 6341:Ottoman Empire 6338: 6333: 6327: 6325: 6318: 6317: 6315:Trench warfare 6312: 6311: 6310: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6279: 6278: 6267: 6265: 6258: 6254: 6253: 6250: 6249: 6247: 6246: 6240: 6234: 6228: 6222: 6221: 6220: 6214: 6208: 6202: 6191: 6185: 6179: 6173: 6167: 6161: 6155: 6149: 6143: 6137: 6131: 6125: 6119: 6113: 6107: 6101: 6095: 6088: 6086: 6082: 6081: 6079: 6078: 6072: 6066: 6060: 6054: 6048: 6042: 6036: 6031: 6028:Volta-Bani War 6025: 6019: 6013: 6007: 6001: 5995: 5989: 5983: 5977: 5970: 5968: 5964: 5963: 5961: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5873:Zeebrugge Raid 5870: 5865: 5860: 5854: 5852: 5846: 5845: 5843: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5767: 5762: 5756: 5754: 5748: 5747: 5745: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5718: 5717: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5681: 5679: 5675: 5674: 5672: 5671: 5666: 5664:Battle of Loos 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5582: 5580: 5576: 5575: 5573: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5555:Black Sea raid 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5486: 5484: 5480: 5479: 5477: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5460: 5459: 5457:Historiography 5448: 5446: 5442: 5441: 5439: 5438: 5432: 5426: 5420: 5414: 5411:Bosnian Crisis 5408: 5405:Tangier Crisis 5402: 5396: 5390: 5383: 5381: 5374: 5368: 5367: 5364: 5363: 5361: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5338:Ottoman Empire 5335: 5330: 5325: 5319: 5317: 5315:Central Powers 5311: 5310: 5308: 5307: 5302: 5301: 5300: 5298:British Empire 5293:United Kingdom 5290: 5285: 5280: 5279: 5278: 5273: 5271:Russian Empire 5263: 5258: 5253: 5248: 5247: 5246: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5225: 5224: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5193: 5191: 5189:Entente Powers 5182: 5177: 5174: 5173: 5170: 5169: 5167: 5166: 5161: 5160: 5159: 5157:North Atlantic 5148: 5146: 5140: 5139: 5137: 5136: 5131: 5126: 5120: 5118: 5112: 5111: 5109: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5082: 5080: 5074: 5073: 5071: 5070: 5068:Central Arabia 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5034: 5032: 5030:Middle Eastern 5026: 5025: 5023: 5022: 5017: 5016: 5015: 5005: 5000: 4999: 4998: 4987: 4985: 4976: 4972: 4971: 4969: 4968: 4963: 4958: 4953: 4948: 4943: 4938: 4933: 4931:Historiography 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4891: 4890: 4883: 4876: 4868: 4862: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4834: 4833:External links 4831: 4829: 4828: 4802: 4801: 4769: 4768: 4762: 4749: 4743: 4730: 4714:Edmonds, J. E. 4709: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4696: 4669: 4668: 4613:Encyclopaedias 4610: 4609: 4603: 4590: 4584: 4571: 4565: 4552: 4546: 4533: 4520: 4505: 4499: 4486: 4480: 4463: 4457: 4444: 4431: 4416: 4410: 4397: 4376: 4361: 4335: 4321: 4305: 4292: 4277: 4264: 4249: 4243: 4230: 4224: 4211: 4205: 4192: 4186: 4174:Edmonds, J. E. 4170: 4164: 4151: 4145: 4132: 4126: 4114:Doughty, R. A. 4109: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4096: 4084: 4072: 4070:, p. 319. 4060: 4048: 4036: 4024: 4009: 3997: 3985: 3983:, p. 306. 3981:Whitehead 2013 3973: 3961: 3949: 3937: 3925: 3923:, p. 231. 3913: 3901: 3889: 3877: 3875:, p. 392. 3865: 3863:, p. 212. 3853: 3841: 3829: 3817: 3805: 3793: 3778: 3776:, p. 186. 3766: 3764:, p. 240. 3754: 3739: 3737:, p. 384. 3724: 3712: 3710:, p. 294. 3708:Whitehead 2013 3700: 3698:, p. 382. 3688: 3673: 3661: 3649: 3647:, p. 379. 3637: 3622: 3607: 3605:, p. 159. 3588: 3573: 3561: 3559:, p. 158. 3549: 3547:, p. 376. 3537: 3535:, p. 372. 3520: 3508: 3496: 3494:, p. 307. 3484: 3482:, p. 267. 3472: 3460: 3448: 3436: 3434:, p. 375. 3421: 3409: 3394: 3382: 3380:, p. 415. 3370: 3358: 3346: 3334: 3322: 3320:, p. 290. 3318:Whitehead 2013 3310: 3298: 3286: 3282:The Times 1916 3274: 3259: 3247: 3235: 3216: 3212:The Times 1916 3201: 3189: 3177: 3162: 3150: 3148:, p. 338. 3137: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3128: 3111: 3101: 3079: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3055: 3054: 3053: 3048: 3041: 3038: 3037: 3036: 3032: 3031: 3024: 3022: 3018: 3017: 3010: 3008: 3004: 3003: 2996: 2994: 2990: 2989: 2982: 2980: 2976: 2975: 2968: 2964: 2961: 2937: 2934: 2892:Main article: 2889: 2886: 2835:513 casualties 2822: 2819: 2749: 2735: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2683: 2668: 2659:Morane Parasol 2648:2nd Lieutenant 2643: 2642:Air operations 2640: 2589: 2586: 2564:123 prisoners. 2534: 2531: 2515:3:30–4:00 p.m. 2477: 2470: 2467: 2419:, where about 2416:Kaufmanngraben 2404:Quergraben III 2388:Kaufmanngraben 2366: 2359: 2356: 2298: 2284:80 per cent of 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2242:lines, except 2207: 2200: 2197: 2108:Gough had the 2073: 2066: 2063: 2020: 2008:Lochnagar mine 1999: 1996: 1976:Stokes mortars 1930: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1916: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1902: 1901: 1898: 1895: 1892: 1888: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1874: 1873: 1870: 1867: 1864: 1860: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1832: 1831: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1816: 1815: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1800: 1799: 1796: 1793: 1790: 1786: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1772: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1758: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1744: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1730: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1716: 1715: 1713: 1708: 1703: 1696:June–July 1916 1687: 1684: 1682: 1679: 1674:14 observation 1622:Herbstschlacht 1616: 1613: 1481:107 prisoners. 1453: 1446: 1443: 1342: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1262:Lochnagar mine 1179: 1178: 1176: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1153: 1152: 1150:Lys and Escaut 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1052: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1004: 997: 986: 985: 980: 975: 970: 965: 960: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 930: 919: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 897: 896: 886: 881: 879:Neuve Chapelle 876: 871: 860: 859: 854: 852:Winter actions 849: 848: 847: 842: 832: 827: 822: 817: 815:Grand Couronné 812: 807: 806: 805: 800: 795: 785: 784: 783: 778: 773: 768: 763: 753: 752: 751: 746: 741: 731: 721: 718: 717: 708: 707: 700: 693: 685: 676: 675: 673: 672: 667: 662: 657: 656: 655: 653:Hawthorn Ridge 650: 645: 635: 630: 625: 613: 612: 611: 610: 608:Beaumont-Hamel 600: 599: 598: 593: 588: 578: 577: 576: 571: 566: 556: 554:Thiepval Ridge 551: 550: 549: 544: 539: 529: 528: 527: 517: 512: 507: 506: 505: 495: 490: 489: 488: 483: 478: 473: 468: 461:Bazentin Ridge 458: 457: 456: 451: 446: 441: 436: 431: 426: 412: 409: 408: 397: 396: 389: 382: 374: 365: 364: 362: 361: 356: 351: 346: 341: 336: 331: 326: 320: 317: 316: 305: 304: 297: 290: 282: 274: 273: 264:, in northern 245: 240: 239: 233: 232: 225: 224: 218: 217: 216: 215: 212: 211: 208: 204: 203: 199: 198: 195: 191: 190: 186: 185: 179: 173: 172: 168: 167: 152: 136: 135: 131: 130: 127: 126: 123: 119: 118: 79: 77: 73: 72: 69: 61: 60: 50: 49: 38: 37: 31: 30: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7062: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7011: 7008: 7007: 7005: 6990: 6987: 6986: 6983: 6973: 6972: 6968: 6966: 6965: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6953: 6949: 6948: 6946: 6942: 6932: 6929: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6901: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6879: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6871: 6869: 6863: 6857: 6854: 6852: 6849: 6847: 6844: 6842: 6839: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6808: 6806: 6802: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6768: 6764: 6758: 6757:United States 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6714: 6712: 6708: 6705: 6702: 6697: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6651: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6628: 6625: 6621: 6618: 6617: 6616: 6613: 6612: 6610: 6609: 6607: 6605: 6601: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6584: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6577: 6573: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6547: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6536: 6533: 6532: 6530: 6529: 6527: 6525: 6521: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6493: 6492: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6457: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6443: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6423: 6421: 6417: 6409: 6406: 6404: 6401: 6400: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6389: 6386: 6385: 6383: 6382: 6380: 6374: 6369: 6359: 6358:United States 6356: 6352: 6349: 6348: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6337: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6328: 6326: 6322: 6316: 6313: 6309: 6308:Convoy system 6306: 6305: 6304: 6303:Naval warfare 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6277: 6274: 6273: 6272: 6269: 6268: 6266: 6262: 6259: 6255: 6244: 6241: 6238: 6235: 6232: 6229: 6226: 6223: 6218: 6215: 6212: 6209: 6206: 6203: 6200: 6197: 6196: 6195: 6192: 6189: 6186: 6183: 6180: 6177: 6174: 6171: 6168: 6165: 6162: 6159: 6156: 6153: 6150: 6147: 6144: 6141: 6138: 6135: 6132: 6129: 6126: 6123: 6120: 6117: 6114: 6111: 6108: 6105: 6102: 6099: 6096: 6093: 6090: 6089: 6087: 6083: 6076: 6073: 6070: 6067: 6064: 6063:Kaocen revolt 6061: 6058: 6057:Easter Rising 6055: 6052: 6049: 6046: 6043: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6029: 6026: 6023: 6020: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6008: 6005: 6002: 5999: 5996: 5993: 5990: 5987: 5984: 5981: 5978: 5975: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5965: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5855: 5853: 5851: 5847: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5749: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5716: 5713: 5712: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5682: 5680: 5676: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5629:Great Retreat 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5604: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5583: 5581: 5577: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5500:Battle of Cer 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5487: 5485: 5481: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5458: 5455: 5454: 5453: 5450: 5449: 5447: 5443: 5436: 5433: 5430: 5427: 5424: 5421: 5418: 5417:Agadir Crisis 5415: 5412: 5409: 5406: 5403: 5400: 5397: 5394: 5391: 5388: 5385: 5384: 5382: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5369: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5320: 5318: 5316: 5312: 5306: 5305:United States 5303: 5299: 5296: 5295: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5268: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5245: 5242: 5241: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5223: 5222:French Empire 5220: 5219: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5194: 5192: 5190: 5186: 5183: 5175: 5165: 5164:Mediterranean 5162: 5158: 5155: 5154: 5153: 5150: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5144:Naval warfare 5141: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5125: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5117: 5113: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5083: 5081: 5079: 5075: 5069: 5066: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5035: 5033: 5031: 5027: 5021: 5020:Italian Front 5018: 5014: 5011: 5010: 5009: 5008:Eastern Front 5006: 5004: 5003:Western Front 5001: 4997: 4994: 4993: 4992: 4989: 4988: 4986: 4984: 4980: 4977: 4973: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4961:Puppet states 4959: 4957: 4954: 4952: 4949: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4903: 4900: 4896: 4889: 4884: 4882: 4877: 4875: 4870: 4869: 4866: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4836: 4818: 4814: 4809: 4808: 4807: 4806: 4791: 4787: 4783: 4782: 4776: 4775: 4774: 4773: 4765: 4759: 4755: 4750: 4746: 4740: 4736: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4710: 4708: 4707: 4685: 4681: 4676: 4675: 4674: 4673: 4665: 4658: 4646: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4622: 4617: 4616: 4615: 4614: 4606: 4600: 4596: 4591: 4587: 4581: 4577: 4572: 4568: 4562: 4558: 4553: 4549: 4543: 4539: 4534: 4523: 4517: 4513: 4512: 4506: 4502: 4496: 4492: 4487: 4483: 4477: 4472: 4471: 4464: 4460: 4454: 4450: 4445: 4434: 4428: 4424: 4423: 4417: 4413: 4407: 4403: 4398: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4373: 4369: 4368: 4362: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4342: 4336: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4318: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4295: 4289: 4285: 4284: 4278: 4267: 4261: 4257: 4256: 4250: 4246: 4240: 4236: 4231: 4227: 4221: 4217: 4212: 4208: 4202: 4198: 4193: 4189: 4183: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4161: 4157: 4152: 4148: 4142: 4138: 4133: 4129: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4110: 4108: 4107: 4094:, p. 51. 4093: 4088: 4081: 4080:Edmonds 1993a 4076: 4069: 4064: 4057: 4052: 4045: 4040: 4033: 4028: 4021: 4016: 4014: 4006: 4001: 3994: 3989: 3982: 3977: 3971:, p. 12. 3970: 3965: 3959:, p. 47. 3958: 3953: 3947:, p. 52. 3946: 3941: 3934: 3929: 3922: 3917: 3910: 3905: 3898: 3893: 3886: 3881: 3874: 3869: 3862: 3857: 3851:, p. 90. 3850: 3845: 3838: 3833: 3826: 3821: 3815:, p. 13. 3814: 3809: 3802: 3797: 3791:, p. 41. 3790: 3785: 3783: 3775: 3770: 3763: 3758: 3751: 3746: 3744: 3736: 3731: 3729: 3721: 3716: 3709: 3704: 3697: 3692: 3685: 3680: 3678: 3670: 3665: 3658: 3653: 3646: 3641: 3634: 3629: 3627: 3619: 3614: 3612: 3604: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3593: 3585: 3580: 3578: 3571:, p. 39. 3570: 3565: 3558: 3553: 3546: 3541: 3534: 3529: 3527: 3525: 3517: 3512: 3505: 3500: 3493: 3488: 3481: 3476: 3469: 3464: 3457: 3452: 3446:, p. 37. 3445: 3440: 3433: 3428: 3426: 3419:, p. 38. 3418: 3413: 3406: 3401: 3399: 3391: 3386: 3379: 3374: 3367: 3362: 3355: 3350: 3343: 3342:Philpott 2009 3338: 3331: 3326: 3319: 3314: 3307: 3302: 3295: 3290: 3283: 3278: 3272:, p. 62. 3271: 3266: 3264: 3257:, p. 56. 3256: 3251: 3244: 3239: 3232: 3227: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3213: 3208: 3206: 3198: 3193: 3187:, p. 38. 3186: 3181: 3174: 3169: 3167: 3160:, p. 28. 3159: 3158:Philpott 2009 3154: 3147: 3142: 3138: 3115: 3105: 3093: 3083: 3075:30–60 seconds 3072: 3066: 3062: 3052: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3043: 3028: 3023: 3014: 3009: 3000: 2995: 2986: 2981: 2972: 2967: 2966: 2960: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2943: 2933: 2914: 2895: 2885: 2859:1,968 losses. 2828: 2818: 2816: 2805: 2799: 2793: 2785: 2779: 2772: 2769: 2763: 2747: 2740: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2709: 2693: 2682: 2679: 2666: 2662: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2649: 2639: 2632: 2628: 2616: 2615:Green Howards 2604: 2585: 2583: 2579: 2578:23rd Division 2574: 2570: 2556: 2552: 2548: 2530: 2524: 2520: 2511:58 prisoners. 2507: 2500: 2491: 2486: 2475: 2466: 2444: 2438: 2425: 2417: 2411: 2405: 2399: 2395: 2389: 2383: 2377: 2364: 2355: 2351: 2349: 2345: 2344:Grimsby Chums 2341: 2336: 2324: 2320: 2308: 2307:21st Division 2296: 2292: 2290: 2274: 2254: 2251: 2246: 2239: 2236: 2232: 2230: 2223: 2217: 2205: 2196: 2185: 2166: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2147:101st Brigade 2142: 2140: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2126:25th Division 2123: 2119: 2115: 2111: 2106: 2104: 2100: 2077: 2071: 2062: 2060: 2056: 2052: 2047: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2029: 2018: 2013: 2009: 2005: 1995: 1993: 1989: 1982: 1977: 1973: 1967: 1957: 1955: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1937: 1927: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1917: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1903: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1889: 1885: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1875: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1862: 1861: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1833: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1801: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1787: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1773: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1746: 1745: 1741: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1731: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1718: 1717: 1714: 1712: 1709: 1704: 1701: 1700: 1693: 1678: 1670:9 and 11 June 1665: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1649: 1645: 1639: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1612: 1609: 1608:Biber Kolonie 1604: 1600: 1596: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1579:52nd Division 1575: 1567: 1561: 1558: 1548: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1530: 1524: 1519: 1516: 1493: 1483: 1477: 1472: 1466: 1465: 1451: 1442: 1440: 1435: 1425: 1424: 1415: 1401: 1394: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1353: 1347: 1340: 1336: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1312:11th Division 1303: 1299: 1284: 1282: 1274: 1270: 1269:103rd Brigade 1265: 1263: 1258: 1248: 1243: 1239: 1238:34th Division 1235: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1174: 1171: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1125:Meuse-Argonne 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1068: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1058: 1057: 1056: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1039:Passchendaele 1037: 1035: 1032: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1009: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1002: 998: 996: 993: 992: 991: 990: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 971: 969: 966: 964: 961: 959: 956: 954: 951: 949: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 925: 924: 923: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 901:2nd Champagne 899: 895: 892: 891: 890: 887: 885: 882: 880: 877: 875: 872: 870: 869:1st Champagne 867: 866: 865: 864: 858: 855: 853: 850: 846: 843: 841: 838: 837: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 790: 789: 788:Great Retreat 786: 782: 779: 777: 774: 772: 769: 767: 764: 762: 759: 758: 757: 754: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 737: 736: 735: 732: 730: 727: 726: 724: 719: 714: 713:Western Front 706: 701: 699: 694: 692: 687: 686: 683: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 654: 651: 649: 646: 644: 641: 640: 639: 638:Mines, 1 July 636: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 620: 619: 618: 609: 606: 605: 604: 601: 597: 596:Regina Trench 594: 592: 591:Stuff Redoubt 589: 587: 584: 583: 582: 581:Ancre Heights 579: 575: 572: 570: 567: 565: 562: 561: 560: 557: 555: 552: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 535: 534: 533: 530: 526: 523: 522: 521: 518: 516: 513: 511: 508: 504: 501: 500: 499: 496: 494: 493:Delville Wood 491: 487: 484: 482: 479: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 463: 462: 459: 455: 452: 450: 447: 445: 442: 440: 437: 435: 432: 430: 427: 425: 422: 421: 420: 417: 416: 415: 410: 405: 395: 390: 388: 383: 381: 376: 375: 372: 360: 357: 355: 352: 350: 347: 345: 342: 340: 337: 335: 332: 330: 327: 325: 322: 321: 318: 313: 303: 298: 296: 291: 289: 284: 283: 280: 267: 263: 259: 256: 252: 248: 243: 222: 213: 209: 206: 205: 200: 196: 193: 192: 187: 184: 180: 178: 175: 174: 169: 165: 153: 150: 138: 137: 132: 124: 121: 120: 115: 86: 82: 78: 75: 74: 71:1–6 July 1916 70: 67: 66: 62: 56: 51: 48: 44: 39: 34: 28: 24: 19: 6969: 6962: 6950: 6557: / 6489: 6324:Conscription 6288:Cryptography 6225:Iraqi Revolt 5659:Siege of Kut 5602: 5180:participants 5129:German Samoa 5063:South Arabia 4820:. Retrieved 4816: 4804: 4803: 4793:. Retrieved 4780: 4771: 4770: 4753: 4734: 4717: 4705: 4704: 4688:. Retrieved 4683: 4671: 4670: 4633:. Retrieved 4620: 4612: 4611: 4594: 4575: 4556: 4537: 4525:. Retrieved 4510: 4490: 4469: 4448: 4436:. Retrieved 4421: 4401: 4389:. Retrieved 4366: 4353:. Retrieved 4340: 4312: 4309:Lewis, C. A. 4297:. Retrieved 4282: 4269:. Retrieved 4254: 4234: 4215: 4196: 4177: 4155: 4136: 4117: 4105: 4104: 4087: 4075: 4063: 4051: 4039: 4032:Edmonds 1995 4027: 4000: 3988: 3976: 3964: 3952: 3940: 3933:Edmonds 1993 3928: 3916: 3904: 3892: 3885:Edmonds 1993 3880: 3873:Edmonds 1993 3868: 3856: 3844: 3832: 3820: 3808: 3796: 3774:Sheldon 2006 3769: 3757: 3752:, p. 7. 3735:Edmonds 1993 3720:Edmonds 1993 3715: 3703: 3696:Edmonds 1993 3691: 3684:Edmonds 1993 3669:Edmonds 1993 3664: 3657:Edmonds 1993 3652: 3645:Edmonds 1993 3640: 3633:Edmonds 1993 3618:Edmonds 1993 3603:Sheldon 2006 3584:Edmonds 1993 3564: 3557:Sheldon 2006 3552: 3545:Edmonds 1993 3540: 3533:Edmonds 1993 3516:Edmonds 1993 3511: 3504:Edmonds 1993 3499: 3492:Edmonds 1993 3487: 3480:Edmonds 1993 3475: 3463: 3456:Edmonds 1993 3451: 3439: 3432:Edmonds 1993 3417:Edmonds 1993 3412: 3405:Edmonds 1993 3390:Edmonds 1993 3385: 3378:Gliddon 1987 3373: 3366:Edmonds 1993 3361: 3354:Edmonds 1993 3349: 3337: 3325: 3313: 3301: 3294:Sheldon 2006 3289: 3277: 3270:Sheldon 2006 3255:Sheldon 2006 3250: 3238: 3214:, p. 9. 3197:Doughty 2005 3192: 3185:Sheldon 2006 3180: 3173:Sheldon 2006 3153: 3146:Gliddon 1987 3141: 3114: 3104: 3082: 3065: 2945:(1–13 July), 2939: 2915: 2897: 2824: 2814: 2798:Schwabenhöhe 2794: 2773: 2768:Schwabenhöhe 2762:Schwabenhöhe 2754: 2731: 2722: 2711:and that at 2704: 2690: 2674: 2645: 2591: 2582:69th Brigade 2536: 2521:and the 9th 2508: 2499:56th Brigade 2490:Schwabenhöhe 2482: 2439: 2426: 2400: 2382:Schwabenhöhe 2376:Schwabenhöhe 2371: 2352: 2325: 2321: 2303: 2276: 2240: 2235:8th Division 2228: 2222:Schwabenhöhe 2212: 2184:Keisergraben 2167: 2143: 2107: 2103:Hubert Gough 2099:Reserve Army 2094:107 minutes. 2082: 2075: 2074:Plan of the 2065:British plan 2046:Schwabenhöhe 2041: 2025: 1958: 1933: 1691: 1666: 1650: 1618: 1603:4th Division 1587:a brown suit 1586: 1572:like French 1562: 1520: 1487:6/7 February 1484: 1458: 1416: 1402: 1390: 1359: 1305: 1266: 1257:Schwabenhöhe 1231: 1221:in northern 1187: 1185: 1156: 1155: 1115:Saint-Mihiel 1083:Belleau Wood 1066: 1054: 1053: 1044:La Malmaison 1000: 988: 987: 953:Kink Salient 921: 920: 916:Gas: Wieltje 862: 861: 722: 616: 615: 503:Mouquet Farm 449:La Boisselle 448: 444:Contalmaison 413: 354:Contalmaison 349:La Boisselle 348: 247:La Boisselle 234:La Boisselle 177:Douglas Haig 134:Belligerents 41:Part of the 18: 6587:Netherlands 6564:Switzerland 6445:Occupations 6436:Spanish flu 6213:(1919–1922) 6207:(1918–1921) 6201:(1918–1923) 6190:(1919–1921) 6184:(1919–1921) 6178:(1919–1920) 6154:(1918–1920) 6148:(1918–1920) 6142:(1918–1920) 6124:(1918–1920) 6106:(1918–1920) 6100:(1917–1921) 6094:(1917–1921) 6041:(1916-1918) 6039:Arab Revolt 6030:(1915–1917) 6024:(1915–1917) 6012:(1914-1917) 6006:(1914–1917) 6000:(1914–1921) 5994:(1913–1920) 5982:(1910–1920) 5976:(1900–1920) 5474:July Crisis 5395:(1880–1914) 5058:Mesopotamia 4936:Home fronts 4895:World War I 4686:(in French) 4653:|work= 4068:Jones 2002a 3957:Wyrall 2009 3921:Harris 2009 3789:Wyrall 2009 3762:Wyrall 2009 3243:Rogers 2010 3231:Logier 2003 3124:1 to 5 July 2955:during the 2905:10:00 a.m., 2727:10:17 p.m., 2686:Cecil Lewis 2657:, flying a 2267:Right flank 2151:Robert Gore 2090:22 minutes, 1536:Kampfgraben 1406:10:30 a.m., 1346:Württemberg 1328:River Ancre 1316:River Somme 1135:2nd Cambrai 973:Boar's Head 963:Mont Sorrel 670:Ancre, 1917 633:Boar's Head 559:Le Transloy 547:Gueudecourt 525:Martinpuich 471:Trônes Wood 359:Trônes Wood 197:3 regiments 194:2 divisions 109: / 7004:Categories 6804:Agreements 6604:War crimes 6480:Luxembourg 6373:Casualties 5251:Montenegro 5086:South West 4966:Technology 4956:Propaganda 4946:Opposition 4690:19 October 4635:19 October 4527:19 October 4438:19 October 4391:19 October 4355:19 October 4299:19 October 4271:19 October 4101:References 4092:Munby 2003 4044:Maude 1922 4020:Miles 1992 4005:Miles 1992 3993:Miles 1992 3969:Miles 1992 3861:Jones 2002 3849:Lewis 1977 3837:Miles 1992 3825:Miles 1992 3813:Miles 1992 3801:Miles 1992 3750:Miles 1992 3330:Wynne 1976 3306:Wynne 1976 3099:on 1 July. 3097:18 wounded 2940:After the 2918:4:30 p.m., 2900:9:15 a.m., 2851:2,299 men, 2831:6,380 men. 2827:casualties 2821:Casualties 2790:7:00 a.m., 2655:3 Squadron 2651:C.A. Lewis 2619:10:00 a.m. 2603:King's Own 2576:dark, the 2539:220 German 2462:10:30 p.m. 2452:3:20 p.m., 2434:11:25 a.m. 2358:Left flank 2271:See also: 2193:10:10 a.m. 2179:48 minutes 2176:8:18 a.m., 2086:85 minutes 2059:Y Sap mine 2012:Y Sap mine 2002:See also: 1662:XVII Corps 1619:After the 1542:Wohngraben 1510:45 minutes 1506:8/9 March, 1441:sectors). 1374:400 German 1324:Roman road 1287:Background 1215:department 948:Wulverghem 911:3rd Artois 889:2nd Artois 857:1st Artois 510:Guillemont 454:Gommecourt 339:Gommecourt 258:department 97:02°41′55″E 94:50°01′56″N 6701:Diplomacy 6408:Olympians 6331:Australia 6298:Logistics 6231:Vlora War 6160:(1918–19) 6136:(1918–19) 6130:(1918–19) 6118:(1918–19) 6065:(1916–17) 6047:(1916–17) 5998:Zaian War 5988:(1914–15) 5715:first day 5603:Lusitania 5431:(1912–13) 5425:(1911–12) 5413:(1908–09) 5407:(1905–06) 5389:(1870–71) 5178:Principal 5038:Gallipoli 4941:Memorials 4926:Geography 4916:Aftermath 4811:Legg, J. 4795:17 August 4726:604621263 4655:ignored ( 4470:The Somme 4350:494890858 4331:473683742 4311:(1977) . 3134:Footnotes 3120:6,811 men 3092:Blinddarm 3087:36 German 2922:8:15 a.m. 2910:6:00 p.m. 2878:1–3 July. 2874:1,251 men 2865:and that 2733:infantry. 2713:2:45 a.m. 2696:Aftermath 2636:7:30 p.m. 2623:6:00 p.m. 2611:4:00 a.m. 2607:2:30 p.m. 2599:8:30 a.m. 2559:3:15 a.m. 2543:2:15 a.m. 2527:9:00 p.m. 2503:5:10 a.m. 2495:4:00 p.m. 2485:Cheshires 2448:1:00 p.m. 2443:Helgoland 2430:9:00 a.m. 2335:Helgoland 2329:7:28 a.m. 2311:7:48 a.m. 2279:7:30 a.m. 2216:Helgoland 2189:8:58 a.m. 2171:150 paces 1981:Helgoland 1950:crossfire 1936:III Corps 1574:Hotchkiss 1570:25 shots, 1547:traversed 1497:3:00 p.m. 1476:camouflet 1471:Granathof 1421:minierte 1411:9:00 a.m. 1397:6:00 a.m. 1382:XIV Corps 1308:35 houses 1242:III Corps 1130:5th Ypres 1110:2nd Somme 1088:2nd Marne 1078:3rd Aisne 1027:The Hills 1022:2nd Aisne 983:Fromelles 978:1st Somme 928:The Bluff 894:Hébuterne 884:2nd Ypres 845:1st Ypres 825:1st Aisne 820:1st Marne 793:Le Cateau 771:Charleroi 756:Frontiers 643:Lochnagar 486:High Wood 481:Fromelles 466:Longueval 429:Montauban 424:First day 329:Montauban 6989:Category 6576:Refugees 6542:Italians 6531:Germans 6491:Ober Ost 6271:Aviation 5372:Timeline 5343:Bulgaria 5124:Tsingtao 5101:Togoland 5048:Caucasus 4983:European 4975:Theatres 4805:Websites 4790:59484941 4716:(1925). 4672:Websites 4116:(2005). 3040:See also 2839:466 men. 2781:and the 2778:Nordwerk 2736:— 2701:Analysis 2684:— 2594:3/4 July 2588:4–6 July 2250:salients 1961:98 heavy 1581:and the 1521:General 1386:IV Corps 1378:XI Corps 1219:Picardie 1140:Courtrai 1095:Soissons 1034:Messines 1001:Alberich 810:Maubeuge 766:Ardennes 761:Lorraine 729:Moresnet 564:Eaucourt 542:Lesbœufs 498:Pozières 476:Ovillers 439:Fricourt 344:Fricourt 262:Picardie 189:Strength 181:General 76:Location 6727:Germany 6627:Germany 6555:Germany 6475:Belgium 6460:Albania 6419:Disease 6399:Sports 6351:Ireland 6264:Warfare 6257:Aspects 5452:Origins 5445:Prelude 5348:Senussi 5328:Germany 5323:Leaders 5261:Romania 5202:Belgium 5197:Leaders 5096:Kamerun 5078:African 5013:Romania 4991:Balkans 4906:Outline 4386:6069610 2963:Gallery 2843:477 men 2784:Leipzig 2678:cypress 2421:200 men 2055:Ammonal 2051:Sappers 2026:French 1954:X Corps 1925:70°–59° 1911:70°–54° 1883:70°–55° 1869:68°–55° 1855:75°–54° 1841:75°–54° 1825:72°–48° 1809:66°–52° 1795:68°–50° 1781:68°–54° 1767:72°–52° 1753:71°–54° 1739:72°–52° 1725:79°–55° 1692:Weather 1681:Prelude 1654:St Eloi 1601:of the 1552:25 men. 1439:barrage 1423:Stollen 1370:Bécourt 1210:in the 1200:commune 1105:Ailette 1073:The Lys 1067:Michael 1049:Cambrai 943:Hulluch 938:St Eloi 830:Antwerp 569:Le Sars 537:Combles 253:in the 251:commune 164:Germany 149:Britain 81:Picardy 6747:Russia 6722:France 6550:Canada 6465:Serbia 6336:Canada 6293:Horses 6245:(1921) 6239:(1920) 6233:(1920) 6227:(1920) 6219:(1920) 6172:(1919) 6166:(1919) 6112:(1918) 6077:(1918) 6071:(1917) 6059:(1916) 6053:(1916) 6018:(1915) 5437:(1913) 5419:(1911) 5401:(1905) 5358:Darfur 5283:Serbia 5266:Russia 5229:Greece 5217:France 5207:Brazil 5053:Persia 4996:Serbia 4822:18 May 4788: 4772:Theses 4760: 4741: 4724: 4630:642276 4628: 4601: 4582: 4563: 4544: 4518: 4497: 4478: 4455: 4429: 4408: 4384: 4374: 4348: 4329: 4319: 4290: 4262: 4241: 4222: 4203: 4184: 4162: 4143: 4124: 2882:58 men 2804:Moritz 2723:Moritz 2718:Moritz 2533:3 July 2469:2 July 2262:1 July 2257:Battle 2245:l'îlot 2227:28th ( 2120:, the 2010:, and 1966:groupe 1945:L'îlot 1897:72–52° 1515:L'îlot 1492:L'îlot 1464:L'îlot 1429:25 men 1366:Amiens 1223:France 1208:Amiens 1145:Sambre 1100:Amiens 968:Verdun 798:Étreux 744:Dinant 532:Morval 515:Ginchy 434:Mametz 419:Albert 334:Mametz 266:France 161: 146: 122:Result 85:France 6944:Other 6737:Japan 6732:Italy 6559:camps 6403:Rugby 5239:Japan 5234:Italy 5212:China 5106:North 4706:Books 4106:Books 3122:from 3057:Notes 2876:from 2457:23 of 2342:(the 2309:. By 2229:Baden 2076:Y Sap 1928:rain 1914:rain 1900:dull 1886:wind 1872:fine 1858:fine 1844:haze 1830:rain 1814:wind 1812:dull 1798:dull 1784:dull 1770:dull 1756:wind 1742:dull 1728:wind 1702:Date 1352:Baden 1212:Somme 1012:Arras 995:Ancre 749:Namur 739:Liège 648:Y Sap 603:Ancre 255:Somme 249:is a 207:9,860 6524:POWs 5850:1918 5752:1917 5678:1916 5579:1915 5483:1914 5288:Siam 5091:East 4824:2013 4797:2015 4786:OCLC 4758:ISBN 4739:ISBN 4722:OCLC 4692:2014 4664:link 4657:help 4637:2014 4626:OCLC 4599:ISBN 4580:ISBN 4561:ISBN 4542:ISBN 4529:2014 4516:ISBN 4495:ISBN 4476:ISBN 4453:ISBN 4440:2014 4427:ISBN 4406:ISBN 4393:2014 4382:OCLC 4372:ISBN 4357:2014 4346:OCLC 4327:OCLC 4317:ISBN 4301:2014 4288:ISBN 4273:2014 4260:ISBN 4239:ISBN 4220:ISBN 4201:ISBN 4182:ISBN 4160:ISBN 4141:ISBN 4122:ISBN 2936:1918 2391:and 2124:and 2116:and 2078:mine 2028:mine 1972:duds 1922:13.0 1880:17.0 1828:dull 1705:Rain 1615:1916 1445:1915 1360:The 1300:and 1292:1914 1273:fold 1186:The 1055:1918 1017:Vimy 989:1917 922:1916 906:Loos 863:1915 840:Yser 776:Mons 723:1914 68:Date 25:and 2653:of 2277:At 1908:2.0 1894:0.0 1866:2.0 1852:0.0 1838:0.0 1822:0.0 1806:0.1 1792:2.0 1778:8.0 1764:6.0 1750:1.0 1736:1.0 1722:2.0 1707:mm 1217:in 1202:of 260:of 7006:: 4815:. 4682:. 4649:: 4647:}} 4643:{{ 4380:. 4325:. 4012:^ 3781:^ 3742:^ 3727:^ 3676:^ 3625:^ 3610:^ 3591:^ 3576:^ 3523:^ 3424:^ 3397:^ 3262:^ 3219:^ 3204:^ 3165:^ 2959:. 2927:c. 2867:c. 2817:. 2661:; 2584:. 2112:, 2006:, 1819:30 1803:29 1789:28 1775:27 1761:26 1747:25 1733:24 1719:23 1711:°F 1593:, 1240:, 83:, 45:, 6375:/ 4887:e 4880:t 4873:v 4826:. 4799:. 4766:. 4747:. 4728:. 4694:. 4666:) 4659:) 4639:. 4607:. 4588:. 4569:. 4550:. 4531:. 4503:. 4461:. 4442:. 4414:. 4395:. 4359:. 4333:. 4303:. 4275:. 4247:. 4228:. 4209:. 4190:. 4168:. 4149:. 4130:. 3233:. 1919:7 1905:6 1891:5 1877:4 1863:3 1849:2 1835:1 1437:( 704:e 697:t 690:v 393:e 386:t 379:v 301:e 294:t 287:v

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Capture of La Boisselle

Index