1696:
Cornishness. All participants categorised themselves as
Cornish and identified Cornish as their primary ethnic group orientation. Those in the west primarily thought of themselves as Cornish and British/Celtic, while those in the east tended to think of themselves as Cornish and English. All participants in West Cornwall who identified as Cornish and not English described people in East Cornwall, without hesitation, as equally Cornish as themselves. Those who identified as Cornish and English stressed the primacy of their Cornishness and a capacity to distance themselves from their Englishness. Ancestry was seen as the most important criterion for being categorised as Cornish, above place of birth or growing up in Cornwall. This study supports a 1988 study by Mary McArthur that had found that the meanings of Cornishness varied substantially, from local to national identity. Both studies also observed that the Cornish were less materialistic than the English. The Cornish generally saw the English, or city people, as being "less friendly and more aggressively self-promoting and insensitive". The Cornish saw themselves as friendly, welcoming and caring.
4123:
which was worth ÂŁ600 million and supported over a hundred projects such infrastructure, agriculture, employment and low carbon initiatives. In this study people from lots of different backgrounds and jobs where interviewed and asked about their reasoning for voting leave, farmers described the EU policies as being overly complicated and taking the "fun" out of farming, many had issues with infrastructure and many others stated that with Brexit they were reclaiming sovereignty from the EU and there were underlying issues with the EUs lack of border control. It was found that the what linked the reasoning for leaving the EU was the uncertainty that they were experiencing, their inability to get any real change even with the EUs funding and a lack of knowledge about where the funding was spent as a whole.
2275:
1886:
2419:
3884:
3059:
1878:, while scholars have argued that the introduction of the Celtic languages and material culture into Britain and Ireland was by means of cultural diffusion, rather than any substantial migration. Genetic evidence has also suggested that while ancestry inherited from the Anglo-Saxons makes up a significant part of the modern English gene pool (one study suggested an average 38% contribution in eastern England), they did not displace all of the previous inhabitants. A 2015 study found that modern Cornish populations had less Anglo-Saxon ancestry than people from central and southern England, and that they were genetically distinct from their neighbors in
3793:
2645:
2948:, resulting in 30 Cornish and 100 Mexican fatalities. The fever forced the survivors to abandon their equipment and head inland up into the mountains to Xalapa to try to escape the mosquitos for three months, until the end of the rainy season. Once the rainy season closed the Cornish and Mexican miners continued their 250-mile (402 km) "Great Trek" to Mineral del Monte, transporting their machinery to an altitude of 10,000 feet (3,048 m) above sea level and arriving at their destination on 1 May 1826. Following their arrival, the Cornish community flourished and stayed in central Mexico until the
2885:
11170:
1521:
2360:, laying siege to the region's largest Protestant city. However, the rebellion was suppressed, thanks largely to the aid of foreign mercenaries in a series of battles in which "hundreds were killed", effectively ending Cornish as the common language of the Cornish people. The Anglicanism of the Reformation served as a vehicle for Anglicisation in Cornwall; Protestantism had a lasting cultural effect upon the Cornish by way of linking Cornwall more closely with England, while lessening political and linguistic ties with the
3512:
1847:
1244:
314:
1620:. In the 1990s it was said that the notion that the Cornish are to be classified as a nation comparable to the English, Irish, Scots and Welsh, "has practically vanished from the popular consciousness" outside Cornwall, and that, despite a "real and substantive" identity, the Cornish "struggle for recognition as a national group distinct from the English". However, in 2014, after a 15-year campaign, the UK government officially recognised the Cornish as a national minority under the
3740:
3911:
1716:
9415:
11193:
4139:
3222:
3758:(sometimes known as the Cornish pasty) made from diced beef, potato, onion and swede (commonly called 'turnip' by the Cornish), enclosed within a pastry crust and then baked. One idea of its origins suggests that it evolved as a portable lunch for Cornish miners, the crust serving as a disposable handle that could be held by a miner's hand without soiling the filling. Fish was an important element of the Cornish diet, but international
3202:
2109:
2755:
4109:
after losing 2 councillors and the
Conservatives slipped to third after losing over a third of their councillors. The Labour Party (+8), UKIP (+6), and the Green Party (+1) all gained seats, with UKIP and the Greens entering Cornwall Council for the first time. Mebyon Kernow had 6 councilors prior to the election, having added 2 since the 2009 election, their total following the election was reduced to 4.
2174:, the record of the great survey of England completed in 1086, "virtually all" landowners in Cornwall "had English names, making it impossible to be sure who was Cornish and who was English by race". However, there was a persistent and "continuing differentiation" between the English and Cornish peoples during the Middle Ages, as evidenced by documents such as the 1173
1565:, despite no explicit "Cornish" option being available, approximately 34,000 people in Cornwall and 3,500 people elsewhere in the UK—a combined total equal to nearly 7 per cent of the population of Cornwall—identified themselves as ethnic Cornish by writing this in under the "other" ethnicity option. The census figures show a change in identity from West to East, in
3335:, but most of its speakers are enthusiasts, persons who have learned the language through private study. Cornish speakers are geographically dispersed, meaning there is no part of Cornwall where it is spoken as a community language. As of 2009, it is taught in fifty primary schools, although regular broadcast in Cornish is limited to a weekly bilingual programme on
2222:(which governed Cornwall's tin industry). These two institutions allowed "ordinary Cornish people to believe that they had been granted a unique constitutional status to reflect their unique cultural identity". However, the Duchy of Cornwall gradually lost its political autonomy from England, a state which became increasingly centralised in London, and by the early-
4127:
office of Chloe Smith for the
Minister of State. In the coming weeks, Parliament is set to debate The Census Order. If enough Members of Parliament side with the Cornish people and stand in solidarity with their cause, a box to select a "Cornish" identity could be added—reaffirming the official identity they established 6 years prior.
4389:
4568:
3225:
3224:
3229:
3228:
3223:
4032:
does or should not have jurisdiction over
Cornwall until Cornish sovereignty is recognised. Popularisation of Cornish nationalism is attributed to a Celtic cultural revival in Cornwall which itself began with a renewed interest in the Cornish language in the 1920s. The revival of the Cornish language
2777:
until after the Second World War, people from the United
Kingdom made up a large majority of people coming to Australia, meaning that many Australian-born people can trace their origins to Britain. The Cornish people in particular were actively encouraged to emigrate to Australia following the demise
3315:
that had been used in the 16th century, before the language became more heavily influenced by
English. This set the tone for the next few decades; as the revival gained pace, learners of the language disagreed on which style of Cornish to use, and a number of competing orthographies—Unified Cornish,
2869:
spurred more people from
Cornwall to settle in North America; they were registered as English migrants. Many Cornish (and other West Country) immigrants who had been agricultural labourers settled in an area of what is now South Central Ontario in what were the counties of Northumberland, Durham and
1695:
into the meaning of contemporary
Cornish identity across Cornwall found that there was a "west-east distance decay in the strength of the Cornish identity." The study was conducted amongst the farming community as they were deemed to be the socio-professional group most objectively representative of
1963:
to
Britain, who upon their arrival initially recorded the Dumnonii, but later reported on the Cornovii, who were possibly a sub-group of the Dumnonii. Although the Romans colonised much of central and southern Britain, Dumnonia was "virtually unaffected" by the conquest; Roman rule had little or no
1746:
A total of 83,499 people in
England and Wales were described as having a Cornish national identity. 59,456 of these were described as Cornish only, 6,261 as Cornish and British, and 17,782 as Cornish and at least one other identity, with or without British. Within Cornwall the total was 73,220 (14%
1406:
from Ireland during the same period gradually restricted the Romano-British culture and Brittonic language into parts of the north and west of Great Britain by the 10th century, whilst the inhabitants of southern, central and eastern Britain became English and much of the north became Scottish. The
4126:
In the UK's 2021 census plans, a "tickbox" for claiming "Cornish" as a national minority status has not been implemented and is under debate. Since Cornwall was officially given "official national minority status" in 2014, the Cornwall Council's Party Leaders have submitted a letter to the cabinet
4122:
A study was carried out Willett, JMA; Tidy, R; Tregidga, G; et al. through Exeter University using data from January to April 2017 to understand why Cornwall voted leave in the Brexit referendum when it benefitted greatly from EU funding, such as the Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Growth Programme
3835:
has emerged as one of the most popular spectator and team sports in Cornwall, with professional Cornish rugby footballers being described as a "formidable force", "naturally independent, both in thought and deed, yet paradoxically staunch English patriots whose top players have represented England
4108:
Following the Cornwall Council election in May 2013, the council remained as "no overall control", with the Independent politicians becoming the largest grouping on the council through a modest gain of councillors from the previous election. The Liberal Democrats remained the second largest party
3230:
3446:
and Cornwall. Although broadly thought of as a work of fiction, Geoffrey of Monmouth's work had a lasting effect upon the identity of the Cornish. His "historical construct" characterised the ancient Britons as heroes, which later helped Celtic revivalists to redefine Cornishness as an identity
1763:
Since 2006 school children in Cornwall have been able to record themselves as ethnically Cornish on the annual Schools Census (PLASC). Since then the number identifying as Cornish has risen from 24% to 51% in 2017. The Department for Education recommends that parents and guardians determine the
3109:
as part of this Cornish tradition. Cornish cultural tradition is most strongly associated with the people's most historical occupation, mining, an aspect of Cornish history and culture that has influenced its cuisine, symbols and identity. The Cornish writer C. C. Vyvyan wrote in her 1948 book
2383:
was a staunchly Royalist enclave, an "important focus of support for the Royalist cause". Cornish soldiers were used as scouts and spies during the war, for their language was not understood by English Parliamentarians. The peace that followed the close of the war led to a further shift to the
3864:
was popularised in Cornwall during the late 20th century, and has since become readily associated with Cornishness. The waves around the Cornish coastline are created by low pressure systems from the Atlantic Ocean which unleash powerful swells eastwards creating multiple, excellent surfing
8725:
Original Cornish Ballads: chiefly founded on stories humorously told by Mr. Tregellas in his popular lectures on "Peculiarities" : to which are appended some drafts of kindred character from the portfolio of the editress: the whole prefixed by an introductory essay on the peculiar
1754:
In the 2021 census, 89,084 people in England and Wales described their national identity as Cornish only and 10,670 as Cornish and British. Within Cornwall, 79,938 people (14.0% of the population) specified a Cornish only identity and 9,146 (1.6%) Cornish in combination with British.
4375:
4560:
2621:
in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, enthusiasts for Cornish culture have pressed for the Cornish language to be taught formally in Cornish schools, while Cornish nationalists have demanded greater political autonomy for Cornwall, for example that it be constituted as the
2739:
Christianity that was popular with the Cornish people at the time of their mass migration. "Cousin Jacks" is a nickname for the overseas Cornish, thought to derive from the practice of Cornishmen asking if job vacancies could be filled by their cousin named Jack in Cornwall.
2459:, became "as much a part of Cornwall's heritage as any legendary giant from its Celtic past". Trevithick's most significant success was a high-pressure steam engine used to pump water and refuse from mines, but he was also the builder of the first full-scale working railway
3231:
1536:
Both geographic and historical factors distinguish the Cornish as an ethnic group further supported by identifiable genetic variance between the populations of Cornwall, neighbouring Devon and England as published in a 2012 Oxford University study. Throughout medieval and
3227:
2446:, always an important source of employment and stability of the Cornish, experienced a process of industrialisation resulting in 30 per cent of Cornwall's adult population being employed by its mines. During this period, efforts were made by Cornish engineers to design
1742:
Like other identities, Cornish has an allocated census code, (06), the same as for 2001, which applied and was counted throughout Britain. People were first able to record their ethnicity as Cornish in the 2001 UK Census, and some 37,000 people did so by writing it in.
2069:
be the formal boundary between the West Saxons and the Cornish in the year 936, making Cornwall one of the last retreats of the Britons encouraging the development of a distinct Cornish identity; Brittonic culture in Britain became confined to Cornwall, parts of
1473:
during the early-20th century enabled a cultural self-consciousness in Cornwall that revitalised the Cornish language and roused the Cornish to express a distinctly Brittonic Celtic heritage. The Cornish language was granted official recognition under the
2707:—and totalling over a quarter of a million people lost to emigration between 1841 and 1901. There was a displacement of skilled Cornish engineers, farmers, merchants, miners and tradesmen, but their commercial and occupational expertise, particularly in
1738:
which advised residents how they could identify themselves as Cornish by writing it in the national identity and ethnicity sections and record Cornish in the main language section. Additionally, people could record Cornwall as their country of birth.
1687:
of 15- and 16-year-old schoolchildren in Cornwall found that 58% of respondents felt themselves to be either 'Fairly' or 'Very much' Cornish. The other 42% may be the result of in-migration to the area during the second half of the twentieth century.
1604:, have been cited as the main stimulus to "a growing interest in Cornish identity and distinctiveness" in late-20th century Britain. The British are the citizens of the United Kingdom, a people who by convention consist of four national groups: the
3721:, became the form of Christianity practised by the majority of the population all over Cornwall during the 19th century. During this time other kinds of Methodist churches appeared such as the Bible Christians and there were also Evangelical and
2348:, which outlawed all languages from church services apart from English, and is specified as a testament to the affection and loyalty the Cornish people held for the Cornish language. In the rebellion, separate risings occurred simultaneously in
3036:
stemming from the Cornish who settled the area as gold miners in the 19th century. The carols have become "the identity of the town", some of the members of the Grass Valley Cornish Carol Choir are descendants of the original Cornish settlers.
2494:, Cornwall was branded as a rural retreat, a "primitive land of magic and romance", and as an "earlier incarnation of Englishness, a place more English than an England ravaged by modernity". Cornwall, the United Kingdom's only region with a
7459:
2450:
with which to power water pumps for Cornish mines thus aiding the extraction of mineral ore. Industrial scale tin and copper mining operations in Cornwall melded Cornish identity with engines and heavy industry, and Cornwall's leading
2525:
In the latter half of the 19th century Cornwall experienced rapid deindustrialisation, with the closure of mines in particular considered by the Cornish to be both an economic and cultural disaster. This, coupled with the rise of
1750:
In Scotland 467 people described themselves as having Cornish national identity. 254 with Cornish identity only, 39 as Scottish and Cornish, and 174 having Cornish identity and at least one other UK identity (excluding Scottish).
3458:
who thrived in and around Cornwall from the early modern period through to the 19th century. Cornish pirates exploited both their knowledge of the Cornish coastline as well as its sheltered creeks and hidden anchorages. For many
4060:
based in Cornwall, founded in 1951. Its main objective is attaining greater autonomy for Cornwall through the establishment of a legislative Cornish Assembly. As at 2009 Mebyon Kernow has no Members of Parliament elected to the
2140:, who served as England's new nobility. The English would come to absorb the Normans, but the Cornish "vigorously resisted" their influence. At the time of the conquest, legend has it that Cornwall was under the governance of
1869:
who colonised Great Britain from their homelands in northern Europe and drove the Celts to Britain's western and northern fringes. Recent genetic studies based on ancient DNA have complicated this picture, however. During the
2384:
English language by the Cornish people, which encouraged an influx of English people to Cornwall. By the mid-17th century the use of the Cornish language had retreated far enough west to prompt concern and investigation by
2298:, an English traveller, physician and writer, wrote that in Cornwall there were two languages, "Cornysshe" and "Englysshe", but that "there may be many men and women" in Cornwall who could not understand English. While the
4788:
2538:. This Revivalist upsurge investigated Cornwall's pre-industrial culture, using the Cornish language as the "principal badge of nationality and ethnic kinship". The first effective revival of Cornish began in 1904 when
5526:
2786:
because of their experience and expertise. Free passage to South Australia in particular was granted to hundreds of Cornish miners and their families, so much so, that a large Cornish community gathered in Australia's
3279:
which outlawed all church services within the Kingdom of England that were not in English. The exact date of the death of using the Cornish language is unclear and disputed, but popularly it is claimed that the last
1493:
has called for greater recognition of Cornish culture, politics, and language, and urged that Cornish people be accorded greater status, exemplified by the call for them to be one of the listed ethnic groups in the
2226:
the Cornish had begun to see themselves as "a conquered people whose culture, liberties, and prosperity had been downgraded by the English". This view was exacerbated in the 1490s by heavy taxation imposed by King
1679:
identity. Genealogy and family history were considered to be the chief criteria for 'being' Cornish, particularly among those who possessed such ties, while being born in Cornwall was also held to be important.
1674:
study conducted in 16 towns across Cornwall found that 59% felt themselves to be Cornish and 41% felt "More Cornish than English", while for over a third of respondents the Cornish identity formed their primary
7786:
2209:
as a means for the prince to raise his own capital. Large parts of Cornwall were owned by Edward, 1st Duke of Cornwall, and successive English Dukes of Cornwall became the largest landowners in Cornwall; The
3270:
to the English language was completed during the late 18th century. The demise of the Cornish language is attributed to English cultural influence, particularly the political and religious dominance of the
2852:
during the 16th century were the earliest Cornish activity in what was to become Canada. However, permanent settlement by the Cornish across the Atlantic Ocean was rare until at least the 19th century. The
2722:
Large numbers of the 19th century Cornish emigrants eventually returned to Cornwall, whilst the rate of emigration from Cornwall declined after World War I. However, the global connections of the remaining
5204:
7772:
3226:
3125:
is the 5th century Christian abbot, supposedly of Irish origin, who is patron saint of both tin miners and Cornwall. According to popular mythology, Piran, an Irish scholar who studied Christianity in
3850:
or martial arts. The Cornwall County Wrestling Association was formed in 1923, to standardise the rules of the sport and to promote Cornish wrestling throughout Cornwall and the world. Together with
5142:
5025:
6794:
3965:, through special laws and legal exemptions, for all matters relating to the tin mines and tin trade in Cornwall. Cornish miners were effectively exempt from the jurisdiction of the law courts at
2719:—to partake in coal mining as a means to earn wealth by using their mining skill. This has resulted in a concentration of Cornish names on and around Teesside that persists into the 21st century.
7467:
3697:
can also be traced to this period. In the Middle Ages, Roman Catholicism was dominant in Cornwall, and even in the 17th century the Cornish were "fervently Roman Catholic", slow to accept the
3985:. As the tin mines of Cornwall lost their economic importance during the 18th and 19th centuries, so the Stannary institutions lost political power. The last Stannary parliament was held at
2522:. While not akin to the Cornish rebellions of the past, he did attract some Cornish support as well as mostly Kentish labourers, although his support was primarily of religious followers.
1351:
identities. Cornish identity has also been adopted by some migrants into Cornwall, as well as by emigrant and descendant communities from Cornwall, the latter sometimes referred to as the
4623:
7773:"Why Did Cornwall Vote for Brexit? Assessing the Implications for EU Structural Funding Programmes by Willett, JMA; Tidy, R; Tregidga, G; et al.under exeter university, 18 Jan 2019"
4780:
3709:
of the Cornish people. A variety of dissenting congregations such as the Quakers and Baptists were to be found in certain districts. Through a combination of tours of Cornwall by
2086:. Although a treaty was agreed, Anglo-Saxon political influence stretched westwards until some time in the late 10th century when "Cornwall was definitively incorporated into the
10621:
4496:
1747:
of the population) with 52,793 (9.9%) as Cornish only, 5,185 (1%) as Cornish and British, and 15,242 (2.9%) as Cornish and at least one other identity, with or without British.
5516:
5380:
1625:
1479:
1355:. Although not included as a tick-box option in the UK census, the numbers of those writing in a Cornish ethnic and national identity are officially recognised and recorded.
3530:, many dating from between the 7th and 15th centuries, are found in Cornwall and have been used as inspiration in modern and contemporary Cornish visual arts. In the 1780s,
2814:, was the main form of religious practice for the Cornish. Methodist sensibilities were held with strong conviction by the migrant Cornish in a direct rivalry with Catholic
3840:
made a direct connection between love of rugby in Cornwall and the ancient parish games of hurling and wrestling that existed for centuries before rugby officially began.
2239:, as well as Henry VII's suspension of the privileges of the Cornish Stannaries. Having provided "more than their fair share of soldiers and sailors" for the conflict in
9375:
5540:
2132:, Scandinavian Vikings from northern France and their Breton allies, who, in many cases, maintained rule in the Brittonic-speaking parts of the conquered lands. The
3442:
founding the ancient British nation and continuing until the Anglo-Saxon invasion of Britain in the 5th century forced the Celtic Britons to the west coast, namely
6973:
4734:
366:
5226:
5212:
2518:, or Mad Tom, (1799 – 31 May 1838) was a Cornishman self-declared messiah who, in the 19th century led the last battle to be fought on English soil, known as the
1274:
381:
7552:
6694:
4086:
4353:
3114:: "A man might live and die among us and never gain throughout his allotted span of life one glimpse of the essential Cornwall or the essential Cornishman."
3493:
that occurred during 18th-century Cornish tin mining, or else a creation of the oxygen-starved minds of exhausted miners who returned from the underground.
2672:. Initially, the number of migrants was comparatively small, with those who left Cornwall typically settling in North America or else amongst the ports and
8638:
Tourists' guide to Cornwall and the Scilly Isles: containing succinct information concerning all the principal places and objects of interest in the county
6948:
5134:
5017:
2941:
7123:
5796:
Martiniano, R., Caffell, A., Holst, M. et al. Genomic signals of migration and continuity in Britain before the Anglo-Saxons. Nat Commun 7, 10326 (2016).
5719:
5101:
4525:
6786:
3969:, except "in such cases as should affect land, life or limb". The ancient privileges of the Stannary Courts and Parliaments were confirmed by successive
3157:
of Cornwall. It has been seized upon by the Cornish people as a symbol of their identity, displayed on cars and flying from buildings including those of
1475:
2463:. On 21 February 1804, the world's first locomotive-hauled railway journey took place as Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled a train along the
6733:
4474:
4434:
1133:
3044:
is difficult to estimate. The aggregate number of immigrants from Cornwall to the United States before World War I is suggested to be around 100,000.
2795:
became known as "Little Cornwall". It has been estimated between 1837 and 1840, 15 per cent of all assisted migrants to South Australia were Cornish.
1964:
impact on the region, meaning it could flourish as a semi- or fully independent kingdom which evidence shows was sometimes under the dominion of the
1882:. The study also suggested that populations traditionally labelled as "Celtic" showed significant diversity, rather than a unified genetic identity.
1515:
1411:
with the Welsh, Cumbrics and Pics, and also the Bretons who had migrated across the sea to escape the Anglo-Saxon invasions, were referred to in the
3754:, strongly rooted in a tradition of using local produce, which is used to create relatively simple dishes. Most prominent in Cornish cuisine is the
3077:
has been attributed to Cornwall's geographic isolation. Contemporaneously, the underlying notion of Cornish culture is that it is distinct from the
2043:
in particular were expanding their territory westwards towards Cornwall. The Cornish were frequently embattled with the West Saxons, who used their
1703:, said "I think Cornish national identity is very powerful" and that his government would "devolve a lot of power to Cornwall – that will go to the
1635:
allegiances, adopting mixed, dual or hyphenated identities such as "Cornish first and British second", "Cornish and British and European", or, like
4590:
7300:
1561:, Cornish and Celtic associations have advanced the notion of a distinct Cornish national and ethnic identity since the late 20th century. In the
2699:, coupled with the depletion of mineral deposits brought about an economic decline for Cornish mining lasting half a century, and prompting mass
2731:
such as Australia, Canada, South Africa and the United States, are "very strong". Their outreach has contributed to the international spread of
2703:
from Cornwall. In each decade from 1861 to 1901, "around 20% of the Cornish male population migrated abroad"—three times that of the average of
4033:
encouraged a parallel revival of Celtic traditions, which by the 1970s had spurred on Cornish nationalism. The United Kingdom's entry into the
4615:
7800:
5846:
1557:
who said they were gradually "absorbed into the mainstream of English life". Although "decidedly modern" and "largely retrospective" in its
11225:
6475:
5622:
Ethnicity breakdown from the schools census, Table: Summary of Pupils Ethnic Background in Cornwall taken at January in 2008, 2009 and 2010
5388:
4303:
Ethnicity breakdown from the schools census, Table: Summary of Pupils Ethnic Background in Cornwall taken at January in 2011, 2012 and 2013
921:
5446:
4182:
1592:
The Cornish have been described as "a special case" in England, with an "ethnic rather than regional identity". Structural changes to the
7205:
5158:"Ethnic group affiliation and social exclusion in Cornwall; analysis, adjustment and extension of the 2001 England and Wales Census data"
4318:
1267:
376:
8843:
5947:
4279:
2035:
from northern Europe, established petty kingdoms and settled in different regions of what was to become England, and parts of southern
1553:
between 1485 and 1700 led to the Cornish adopting English language, culture and civic identity, a view reinforced by Cornish historian
6662:
6238:
5808:
Leslie, S., Winney, B., Hellenthal, G. et al. The fine-scale genetic structure of the British population. Nature 519, 309–314 (2015).
4024:. More "militant" variants of Cornish nationalism however claim that because of historical constitutional peculiarities regarding the
2007:
missionaries from Ireland who had a profound effect upon the early Cornish people, their culture, faith and architecture. The ensuing
11106:
9073:
9044:
8775:
7740:
7524:
5610:
Ethnicity breakdown from the schools census, Table: Summary of Pupils Ethnic Background in Cornwall taken at January in 2006 and 2007
5410:
5058:
4012:, a political action group that is predominantly organised to promote Cornwall as the national homeland of the Cornish, campaign for
3665:
is thought to have existed in Cornwall during the 1st century, but limited to individual travellers and visitors, possibly including
2870:
Ontario, ranging from the towns of Port Hope and Cobourg in the east, to Whitby in the west and to the north ends of those counties.
5432:
2263:, motivated by a "mixture of reasons"; to raise money for charity; to celebrate their community; to present their grievances to the
7227:
2128:) in 1066, resulted in the removal of the Anglo-Saxon derived monarchy, aristocracy, and clerical hierarchy and its replacement by
1666:
in 2000 found that 30% of children in Cornwall felt "Cornish, not English". A 2004 survey on national identity by the finance firm
1073:
7329:
11126:
11116:
6550:
5596:
1923:, they were tribal, and divided into regional societies, and within them sub-groups. Examples of these tribal societies were the
1831:
7078:
5563:
5502:
4873:
4658:
11146:
11131:
11121:
8883:
7993:
Iron Age Communities in Britain: an account of England, Scotland and Wales from the seventh century BC until the Roman conquest
7718:
7256:
6212:
5911:
4062:
2244:
1988:
were nearly indistinguishable in this period, and both Cornwall and Brittany remain dotted with dedications to the same Celtic
1260:
11136:
9520:
8887:
8707:
8689:
8671:
8653:
8630:
8609:
8589:
8571:
8551:
8533:
8481:
8449:
8429:
8393:
8375:
8357:
8339:
8321:
8300:
8279:
8261:
8243:
8225:
8204:
8166:
8145:
8108:
8090:
8072:
8054:
8036:
8000:
7982:
7960:
7942:
7916:
7854:
7836:
7088:
6110:
5165:
2940:
but were forced away by the Spanish to a beach at Mocambo from where they hauled their machinery through jungle and swamp to
2758:
1546:
1187:
842:
702:
337:
4995:
4744:
1589:
5.6 per cent. Weighting of the 2001 Census data gives a figure of 154,791 people with Cornish ethnicity living in Cornwall.
4117:
4113:
3996:
dominated Cornish politics during the 19th century, although Socialism gained limited support in western Cornwall, and the
3943:
3808:
2854:
2774:
2665:
2598:
1827:
5281:
11141:
8133:
4066:
2566:
1511:
402:
6965:
5634:
2711:, was highly valued by the communities they met. Within Great Britain, Cornish families were attracted from Cornwall to
8848:
4157:
3435:
3149:, a centred white cross on a black field, was described as the "Standard of Cornwall" in 1838 and was re-introduced by
2137:
1734:
failed to win the support of Parliament in 2009. As a consequence, posters were created by the census organisation and
1182:
969:
812:
7664:
3040:
Most migratory Cornish to the United States were classified as English or British, meaning that the precise number of
10604:
10417:
8411:
8186:
7872:
6020:
5765:
5352:
Dickinson, Robert (2010). Payton, Philip (ed.). "Meanings of Cornishness: A Study of Contemporary Cornish Identity".
5257:
5234:
4205:
4025:
3824:
2380:
2053:(modern English: Welsh) meaning "stranger" or "foreigner", to describe their opponents, later specifying them as the
1644:
1399:
7567:
6684:
4507:
4347:
4009:
2957:
2614:
1490:
1108:
1031:
964:
893:
817:
7754:
6036:
9596:
9006:
6940:
4017:
3958:
2623:
2219:
2012:
614:
533:
7489:
5713:
5095:
90:
32,254 – 46% of school pupils in Cornwall recorded as having Cornish ethnicity in 2013, rising to 51.1% in 2017;
7685:
7563:
7150:
5733:
Olalde, I; et al. (May 2017). "The Beaker Phenomenon and the Genomic Transformation of Northwest Europe".
5521:
4090:
3935:
3883:
2802:. Cornish identity was embraced strongly in the Yorke Peninsula, but also in the more outlying mining towns of
2708:
1593:
1478:
in 2002, and in 2014 the Cornish people were recognised and afforded protection by the UK Government under the
911:
837:
827:
804:
618:
10587:
8768:
6847:; Paul Robert Magocsi, editor, University of Toronto Press for Multicultural History Society of Ontario, 1999
6725:
4537:
4468:
4428:
3563:
3474:
3340:
3196:
2952:
in 1910. Although the Cornish community in Mexico broadly returned to Cornwall, they left a cultural legacy;
2928:) of mining machinery with which to apply their mining skill and technologies to resuscitate Mexico's ailing
1192:
1169:
832:
324:
304:
5476:
1798:
2020: 45.9 percent - due to an error in the management system of a number of schools, pupils identifying as
1764:
ethnicity of children at primary schools whilst pupils at secondary schools can decide their own ethnicity.
10860:
8928:
4152:
3820:
3357:
family in the early 20th century, contains several Cornish language terms. These were also included in the
3008:
and copper in North America prompted an influx of Cornish miners to the continent, particularly around the
2953:
2332:
liturgical text in the English language, should be introduced to all churches in his kingdom, meaning that
2000:
1670:
found that 44% of respondents in Cornwall saw themselves as Cornish rather than British or English. A 2008
1036:
5311:
4762:
of, pertaining to, or characteristic of Cornwall, Great Britain, its inhabitants, or the Cornish language.
4257:
10060:
9320:
7261:
4049:
4034:
3804:
3013:
2982:. Although an international gold rush, the Cornish overwhelmingly formed the skilled labour force in the
2933:
2766:
2762:
2008:
1050:
1026:
1018:
974:
940:
822:
4638:
2782:
in the 19th century. A "vigorous recruiting campaign" was launched to encourage the Cornish to aid with
2442:
had a major impact upon the Cornish people. Cornwall's economy was fully integrated into England's, and
1651:), describe themselves as "Cornish" and "English". Meanwhile, another international rugby union player,
11183:
10631:
10506:
10111:
10080:
9460:
8948:
8913:
8903:
7308:
6102:
2799:
2728:
2570:
2121:
1731:
1724:
1636:
1609:
1562:
1525:
1495:
1177:
443:
94:
81:
44:
17:
1549:
or nation, distinct from their neighbours, with their own language, society and customs. A process of
10592:
10427:
10055:
4230:
4029:
3516:
3415:
3392:
2831:
2594:
2423:
2290:
Cornish was the most widely spoken language west of the River Tamar until around the mid-1300s, when
2248:
2099:
1956:
1340:
1004:
984:
916:
856:
473:
10392:
2148:
to be the last Earl of Cornwall to be directly descended from the ancient monarchy of Cornwall. The
87:
26% of the population of Cornwall identified as Cornish in the Cornwall Quality of Life Survey 2007;
32:
This article is about the ethnic group and worldwide diaspora. For the inhabitants of Cornwall, see
11220:
10932:
10366:
10342:
9668:
8958:
8828:
8761:
4082:
3640:
3251:
3029:
2803:
2669:
2590:
2519:
2286:
between 1300 and 1750, with the Cornish people gradually adopting English as their common language.
2198:
2161:
1450:
750:
33:
6130:
11215:
10643:
10291:
9837:
9551:
9370:
9260:
8838:
8618:
8138:
Human Rights, Constitutional Law and the Development of the English Legal System: selected essays
6485:
5852:
4074:
3931:
3832:
3770:
is an occasional festive Cornish dish with the heads of fish standing on their tails, originally
3317:
3009:
2975:
2827:
2823:
1885:
1684:
1648:
1507:
1103:
735:
295:
7823:
Andrews, Robert; Brown, Jules; Humphreys, Rob; Lee, Phil; Reid, Donald; Whitfield, Paul (2006),
5295:
Willett, Joanie (2008). Payton, Philip (ed.). "Cornish Identity: Vague Notion or Social Fact?".
3858:), Wrasslin' has been promoted as a distinctly Celtic game, tied closely with Cornish identity.
2613:
in Celtic languages and culture during the 1960s and 1970s spurred on the popularisation of the
1343:. Many in Cornwall today continue to assert a distinct identity separate from or in addition to
11111:
11030:
10993:
10065:
9350:
9345:
8805:
8700:
Rebels and Rulers, 1500–1660; vol. 2: Provincial rebellion: Revolutionary Civil Wars, 1560–1660
8024:
5454:
4190:
4078:
4001:
3869:, one of Britain's "premier surfing towns", regularly hosts world championship surfing events.
3698:
3694:
3636:
3534:
was the first Cornish-born painter to gain widespread attention; his work was exhibited at the
3276:
3263:
3118:
2979:
2944:. During this haul through the jungle, the Cornishmen and their Mexican helpers fell victim to
2807:
2601:
was formed to facilitate, preserve and maintain Celticity in Cornwall, followed by the similar
2345:
1663:
1098:
785:
683:
40:
7197:
3803:
With its comparatively small, rural population, major contribution by the Cornish to national
1339:
from somewhere between the 11th and 7th centuries BC and inhabited Britain at the time of the
10877:
10692:
10437:
10337:
9708:
9546:
9525:
7460:"Cornish rugby union celebrate 125 years of pride and passion – but are they the lost tribe?"
6480:
4005:
3982:
3966:
3559:
3325:
3192:
3154:
3146:
2866:
2849:
2479:
2439:
2397:
2337:
2325:
2264:
2202:
2103:
1891:
1529:
1458:
1379:
1248:
1143:
949:
790:
775:
770:
631:
600:
221:
205:
6037:"The Bretons and Normans of England 1066–1154: the family, the fief and the feudal monarchy"
5939:
11020:
10892:
10626:
10276:
9673:
9591:
9400:
9325:
8646:
The Liberal Party in South-west Britain since 1918: political decline, dormancy and rebirth
8422:
Medieval Europeans: studies in ethnic identity and national perspectives in Medieval Europe
8010:
7894:
7516:
6654:
6248:
5734:
5312:"Xians-via-Yish?: Language Attitudes and Cultural Identities on Britain's Celtic Periphery"
3927:
3878:
3425:
3134:
3021:
2527:
2392:. As the Cornish language diminished the people of Cornwall underwent a process of English
2321:
2232:
2228:
2125:
2062:
1916:
1865:, making them distinct from the English, many (but not all) of whom are descended from the
1692:
1671:
1538:
1332:
1304:
1063:
780:
688:
626:
595:
573:
489:
7732:
7042:
5687:
5424:
5402:
5066:
3831:
has become a sport strongly tied with notions of Cornishness, and since the 20th century,
2562:
that had been used in the 16th century, before the language became influenced by English.
8:
11169:
10907:
10776:
10706:
10687:
10666:
10599:
10422:
10296:
10116:
10101:
10096:
10050:
10025:
9698:
9586:
9571:
9385:
9204:
8999:
8968:
8908:
8873:
8213:
3978:
3674:
3464:
3362:
3304:
3272:
3247:
3086:
3074:
3053:
3017:
2969:
2783:
2555:
2317:
2211:
2149:
2079:
2004:
1965:
1948:
1920:
1900:
1875:
1874:, most of the people that had inhabited Britain since the Neolithic era were replaced by
1816:
1446:
1408:
1359:
1088:
1058:
906:
740:
10306:
8014:
7898:
7235:
4781:"Cornish people formally declared a national minority along with Scots, Welsh and Irish"
4733:
3689:
monks and holy women from Ireland; this "formative period" has left a legacy of granite
3303:. He based his work on Cornish as it was spoken in the 18th century, although his pupil
2834:
towns on the Yorke Peninsula, which attracts tens of thousands of visitors bi-annually.
11073:
10804:
10697:
10661:
10582:
10537:
10432:
10258:
10149:
10106:
10035:
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9617:
9380:
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9360:
9355:
9265:
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9078:
8963:
8923:
8868:
8823:
8599:
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8117:
7922:
7553:"Devolution for the Duchy – The Liberal Party and the Nationalist Movement in Cornwall"
7337:
7142:
5588:
5334:
4380:
4057:
3993:
3947:
3759:
3662:
3478:
3470:
3382:
3336:
3078:
3062:
2949:
2937:
2905:
2779:
2749:
2712:
2688:
2649:
2593:
and the Cowethas Kelto-Kernuak (a Cornish language interest group) asserted the use of
2582:
2534:
in Cornwall, a social, linguistic and artistic movement interested in Cornish medieval
2499:
2486:
allowed for an influx of tourists to Cornwall from across Great Britain. Well into the
2456:
2452:
2443:
2353:
2141:
2124:, which began with an invasion by the troops of William, Duke of Normandy (later, King
2087:
2075:
1996:
1981:
1723:
telling people how to describe their ethnicity and national identity as Cornish in the
1375:
1149:
1083:
1078:
979:
954:
901:
283:
101:
8582:
The English and the Normans: ethnic hostility, assimilation, and identity 1066-c. 1220
8493:(1999), "The Dissidence of Despair: Rebellion and Identity in Early Modern Cornwall",
8126:
The History of Cornwall: from the earliest records and traditions, to the present time
6135:(2nd ed.). London: S. Baker, G. Leigh, T. Payne, and Benjamin White. p. 356.
3547:
1453:, the Cornish language and to some degree identity had faded, largely replaced by the
10937:
10912:
10902:
10638:
10611:
10492:
10347:
10332:
10327:
10286:
10281:
10186:
10075:
10030:
10020:
10012:
9683:
9637:
9627:
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9295:
9275:
9234:
8703:
8685:
8667:
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8626:
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8585:
8567:
8561:
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8529:
8514:
8477:
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8425:
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8317:
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8275:
8257:
8239:
8221:
8200:
8182:
8176:
8162:
8141:
8104:
8086:
8068:
8050:
8032:
7996:
7978:
7971:
7956:
7938:
7912:
7868:
7850:
7832:
7146:
7084:
6243:
6106:
5761:
5494:
5338:
5253:
4865:
4666:
4584:
4561:"Census Profile, 2016 Census – Canada [Country] and Canada [Country]"
4385:
4041:
3997:
3954:
3855:
3843:
3816:
3796:
3787:
3718:
3646:
3596:
3506:
3401:
3397:
3388:
3339:. Daily life in Cornwall therefore is conducted in the English language, albeit with
3170:
3162:
3066:
2909:
2893:
2819:
2704:
2515:
2368:
2231:
upon the impoverished Cornish to raise funds for his military campaigns against King
2215:
2214:
established two special administrative institutions in Cornwall, the first being the
2044:
1969:
1919:
in the south. The Britons were themselves a divided people; although they shared the
1730:
A campaign for the inclusion of a Cornish tick-box in the nationality section of the
1621:
1574:
1558:
1416:
1391:
1217:
1203:
1138:
1068:
994:
959:
710:
7710:
7266:
6556:
6204:
5903:
3085:, and that it is instead part of a Celtic tradition. According to American academic
2798:
Cornish settlement impacted upon social, cultural and religious life throughout the
10966:
10927:
10882:
10869:
10789:
10768:
10671:
10616:
10301:
10121:
10040:
9852:
9632:
9566:
9456:
9335:
9330:
9300:
9270:
9224:
9186:
9052:
8953:
8833:
8810:
8800:
8742:
8502:
8159:
The Australian People: an encyclopedia of the nation, its people, and their origins
7926:
7902:
7787:"The Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Growth Programme by Cornwall Council, 24/05/2022"
7134:
6051:
6015:
5784:
Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon genomes from East England reveal British migration history
5361:
5326:
4070:
4045:
3919:
3896:
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3354:
3243:
3214:
3182:
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3041:
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2661:
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2460:
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2240:
2206:
2190:
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1841:
1735:
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1430:
1427:
1352:
1296:
1093:
989:
668:
590:
551:
514:
418:
371:
279:
213:
197:
5157:
3799:
is a contact sport, a style of folk martial arts, that has its origins in Cornwall
3778:, also known as the tea treat bun, is a sweet bread with its origins in Cornwall.
3424:
account of the history of the ancient Britons, written in the mid-12th century by
2960:
are all part of the local heritage and tradition in and around Mineral del Monte.
1628:, giving the Cornish the same status as the Welsh, Scots and Irish within the UK.
1223:
11197:
11009:
10947:
10887:
10850:
10822:
10784:
10749:
10729:
10512:
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3851:
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3670:
3571:
3555:
3539:
3460:
3366:
3332:
3321:
3308:
3285:
3255:
3121:, derived from Celtic extraction, that have given rise to localised dedications.
3098:
2987:
2792:
2700:
2551:
2491:
2299:
1985:
1837:
1613:
1486:
1462:
1403:
678:
663:
655:
641:
636:
580:
561:
546:
541:
433:
266:
201:
5274:"Welsh patriotism is stronger than English national pride, according to a study"
4497:"Lives across a Liquid Landscape: Cornish Migration and the Transatlantic World"
4352:. British Society for Population Studies Conference. University of Southampton.
2554:, was based on Cornish as it was spoken in the 18th century, although his pupil
2294:
began to be adopted as a common language of the Cornish people. As late as 1542
1861:
Traditionally, the Cornish are thought to have been descended from the Iron Age
80:
99,754 stating their national identity as Cornish or Cornish and British in the
11048:
11038:
11014:
10961:
10917:
10832:
10812:
10794:
10739:
10734:
10702:
10547:
10527:
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10232:
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9340:
9315:
9280:
9239:
9229:
9152:
9092:
9036:
9028:
9019:
8992:
8863:
8784:
7801:"Anger over no Cornish tick box on next census AGAIN – despite minority status"
7548:
7293:
5782:
5757:
5273:
3600:
3567:
3511:
3312:
3281:
3267:
3259:
3236:
3150:
3102:
3094:
2692:
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2602:
2559:
2531:
2472:
2464:
2431:
2409:
2389:
2291:
2283:
2260:
2256:
2236:
2016:
1854:
1667:
1605:
1597:
1582:
1470:
1466:
1438:
1363:
1348:
1344:
1320:
999:
926:
585:
568:
428:
423:
354:
254:
117:
4258:"Figure 2: Polish remains the most specified non-UK national identity in 2021"
2243:, and feeling aggrieved at "Cornwall's status as England's poorest county", a
2039:, progressively defeating the Britons in battle. The Saxons of the Kingdom of
1541:, the Cornish were at some points accorded the same status as the English and
1423:
is thought to have resulted in a loss of land links with the people of Wales.
11209:
10845:
10817:
10724:
10716:
10458:
10410:
10196:
10144:
9873:
9813:
9803:
9703:
9678:
9464:
8893:
8458:
8309:
8288:
8272:
One Europe, Many Nations: a historical dictionary of European national groups
6689:
6088:
4936:
In this period however land travel was far more difficult than travel by sea.
4053:
3970:
3939:
3706:
3624:
3612:
3608:
3592:
3579:
3575:
3535:
3502:
3421:
3405:
3358:
3188:
3090:
3082:
3033:
2983:
2929:
2889:
2879:
2761:
was the son of Australian Cornish immigrants who lived in the mining town of
2736:
2606:
2586:
2487:
2483:
2427:
2393:
2361:
2309:
2304:
2295:
2218:(one of only two in the Kingdom of England) and the second being the Cornish
2170:
2165:
1973:
1943:
in the west. In the extreme southwest, what was to become Cornwall, were the
1700:
1652:
1550:
1434:
1387:
1336:
1328:
760:
725:
673:
556:
509:
504:
499:
484:
479:
361:
349:
313:
250:
8439:
2316:, highlighting its socially high status. However, in 1549 and following the
1850:
11163:
10956:
10744:
10268:
10222:
10161:
10070:
9847:
9825:
9818:
9255:
9180:
9170:
9102:
8973:
8197:
Heroes of Invention: technology, Liberalism and British identity, 1750–1914
7828:
7138:
5365:
5330:
4094:
3962:
3767:
3713:, rural isolation and compatibility with Cornish tastes and sensibilities,
3678:
3584:
3527:
3486:
3463:, loot and contraband provided by pirates supported a strong and secretive
3350:
3296:
3206:
3126:
2945:
2815:
2788:
2652:
prompted an exodus of Cornish miners and families resulting in a displaced
2539:
2447:
2413:
2313:
2268:
2223:
1960:
1866:
1617:
1542:
1420:
1324:
1312:
1113:
869:
494:
455:
438:
332:
270:
258:
236:
9447:
4298:
4296:
4116:
all Cornish seats were won by the Conservatives. This was repeated in the
3201:
2683:
In the first half of the 19th century, the Cornish people were leaders in
2418:
11078:
11063:
10464:
10383:
10191:
10176:
10166:
10139:
9965:
9918:
9830:
9576:
9193:
9097:
8984:
8938:
8898:
8853:
8795:
8521:
8490:
8121:
7656:
5709:
5091:
4102:
4098:
3910:
3892:
3837:
3828:
3775:
3714:
3710:
3702:
3666:
3589:
3438:
in a narrative spanning a time of two thousand years, beginning with the
3409:
3138:
3122:
2858:
2691:
was the people's major occupation. Increased competition from Australia,
2547:
2503:
2385:
2329:
2274:
2157:
2145:
2066:
1640:
1554:
1520:
1442:
1412:
864:
745:
720:
519:
460:
342:
262:
27:
Ethnic group in Cornwall, England, UK, and the worldwide Cornish diaspora
9733:
9499:
6055:
4319:"Cornwall Council's 2021 update to the UK Government Fifth Cycle Report"
3032:, over 60 per cent of the population was Cornish. It has a tradition of
2644:
1715:
11001:
10989:
10442:
10406:
10206:
10171:
10131:
9723:
9485:
9476:
8386:
Regionalism after Regionalisation: Spain, France and the United Kingdom
8154:
8083:
Internal Colonialism: the Celtic fringe in British National Development
6059:
5787:, Nature Communications 7, Article number:10408 doi:10.1038/ncomms10408
4293:
4038:
4021:
4013:
3690:
3543:
3408:
recounting a legendary Celtic history of Brittonic warriors, including
3106:
3025:
2862:
2673:
2618:
2495:
2468:
2252:
2153:
1871:
1601:
1228:
1155:
765:
5809:
5797:
4213:
3450:
Another strand of Cornish folklore is derived from tales of seafaring
3266:. The language functioned as a community language in Cornwall until a
2605:
in 1928, and the formation of the Cornish nationalist political party
2597:
as a "national dress ... common to all Celtic countries". In 1924 the
1907:, and formed a series of tribes, cultures and identities, notably the
1402:
starting from the late 5th and early 6th centuries and the arrival of
10401:
9508:
8918:
7907:
7481:
7119:
4037:
in 1973 prompted claims that the Cornish should be granted their own
3847:
3771:
3682:
3620:
3604:
3531:
3455:
3370:
3289:
3130:
2978:
of 1886 encouraged large numbers of Cornish miners to migrate to the
2925:
2811:
2754:
2732:
2677:
2535:
2372:
2302:
was in use by much of the English aristocracy, Cornish was used as a
1940:
1928:
1924:
1632:
1578:
1210:
1197:
879:
874:
9713:
9414:
7953:
Propaganda and the Tudor State: political culture in the Westcountry
7882:
7865:
British Consciousness and Identity: the Making of Britain, 1533–1707
4376:"Ethnic origins, 2016 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories"
11058:
10522:
9975:
9930:
9894:
9882:
9728:
9688:
9503:
9495:
9490:
9472:
9395:
9132:
9127:
9112:
8943:
8747:
8506:
5739:
5672:
5664:
4313:
4311:
4272:
3766:
were exported from Cornwall to France, Italy and Spain every year.
3650:
3551:
3210:
3058:
3005:
2921:
2716:
2507:
2376:
2036:
1977:
1952:
1944:
1720:
1383:
1371:
1316:
715:
131:
9743:
3989:
in 1752, and continued, by adjournments, until 11 September 1753.
2884:
1370:, kingdoms, cultures and identities throughout Great Britain; the
11068:
11043:
10922:
10897:
10532:
10497:
10470:
10397:
10379:
9970:
9906:
9530:
9160:
9137:
8753:
6132:
Antiquities, Historical and Monumental, of the County of Cornwall
5480:
3950:. Cornish politics are marked by a long tradition of Liberalism.
3866:
3861:
3763:
3739:
3654:
3520:
3490:
2696:
2371:, a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between
2175:
2129:
2108:
1936:
1932:
1656:
1586:
1570:
1566:
1395:
755:
730:
121:
6787:"Population characteristics: Ancestry of Australia's population"
5205:"Phil Vickery: the long journey from farm boy to world champion"
4308:
3792:
3705:
was, eventually, near-universal in Cornwall and facilitated the
3166:
2308:, particularly in the remote far west of Cornwall. Many Cornish
1889:
An 18th century map of Great Britain based on accounts from the
11053:
10840:
10622:
Constitutional status of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles
10542:
10517:
10481:
10475:
10388:
10311:
10237:
10156:
9658:
9142:
9087:
3558:, began to visit, with more following after the opening of the
3451:
3142:
3024:
of the mid-19th century; in the 1890s it was estimated that in
3012:. By the early 19th century Cornish people were present in the
2913:
2897:
2660:
The Cornish people are concentrated in Cornwall, but after the
2574:
2357:
2349:
2186:
2040:
2028:
2024:
1367:
386:
8738:
8640:; 7 editions, Seventh ed. Revised by H. Michell Whitley, 1895)
1626:
Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
1485:
In the 2021 census, the population of Cornwall, including the
1480:
Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
9942:
9748:
9693:
9581:
9175:
9117:
9107:
9065:
9015:
5018:"The Cornish: They revolted in 1497, now they're at it again"
4644:
3986:
3915:
3827:. Viewed as an "important identifier of ethnic affiliation",
3755:
3744:
3693:
monuments throughout Cornwall. Dedications to many different
3686:
3658:
3482:
3443:
2917:
2511:
2341:
2333:
2194:
2179:
2133:
2083:
2071:
2049:
2020:
1989:
1912:
1908:
1879:
1862:
413:
125:
4559:
Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 February 2017).
3930:
take place within a wider national political framework of a
3485:. Tales of these creatures are thought to have developed as
2765:. Harold Oliver was a three time national champion with the
2340:
was a militant revolt in Cornwall and parts of neighbouring
2336:
and Celtic customs and services should be discontinued. The
2164:, King William I's half-brother, and ruled thereafter by an
1976:
shared strong linguistic, political and cultural links with
1846:
84:
in England and Wales (in Cornwall, 15.6% of the population);
10201:
9738:
9718:
9653:
9481:
7657:"The Core Values of Mebyon Kernow – The Party For Cornwall"
6552:
How far has the "Cornish Revival" affected modern Cornwall?
5517:"Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales 2011"
3762:
was also well established by the 16th century, and tons of
3550:
in one". Artists who appreciated the quality of Cornwall's
3439:
3412:. The Matter of Britain was supported by texts such as the
2578:
2400:, becoming "absorbed into the mainstream of English life".
2379:, polarised the populations of England and Wales. However,
8682:
The 1549 Rebellions and the Making of Early Modern England
5564:"Over 100,000 people identify as Cornish in latest census"
3973:
in the Middle Ages, including those administered by Kings
2822:
is the largest Cornish festival in the world, held in the
2403:
100:
1,975 identifying as having Cornish ethnic origins in the
39:"Cornishman" redirects here. For the passenger train, see
7330:"What We Believe; founder of the United Methodist Church"
5381:"David Cameron must have thought he had Cornwall sewn up"
2810:, where Cornish miners constituted a sizeable community.
2684:
2609:
in 1951. Increased interest and communication across the
2182:
which made explicit mention of both peoples as distinct.
1449:. By the 18th century, and following the creation of the
7822:
4962:
4735:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
3669:, a Galician theologian who may have been exiled to the
1984:
south of Cornwall inhabited by Britons; the Cornish and
1398:
Cornish are derived from the Celtic Cornovii tribe. The
5425:"Stephen Gilbert MP calls for 'Cornish' Census answers"
3846:(also known as Wrasslin') is a regional, folk style of
3807:
has been limited. There are no teams affiliated to the
3258:, and to a lesser extent shares commonalities with the
2936:. Following their sea voyage they attempted to dock at
2113:
5589:"School census shows rise in children who are Cornish"
5562:
Minchin, Rod; Becquart, Charlotte (30 November 2022).
4087:
2009 structural changes to local government in England
3069:
celebrating Cornish culture and history every 5 March.
2861:, particularly by those who served in Great Britain's
11181:
9934:
7131:
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
4069:
received 4 per cent of votes to elect councillors to
2251:. The rebellion was initially a political march from
1382:
who inhabited what was to become Cornwall during the
93:
37,500 identifying their ethnicity as Cornish in the
10320:
7935:
Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly: the complete guide
7198:"Crosses, Cornish Saints and Holy Wells in Cornwall"
4225:
4223:
4134:
4008:
of the late 19th century, and is represented by the
3836:
with pride and passion". In 1985, sports journalist
3173:
celebrating Cornish culture and history on 5 March.
3089:, modern-day Cornish activists have claimed several
3020:. Additional waves of Cornish migrants followed the
2648:
Cornish miners in the mid-19th century. A demise in
2589:
gathered pace in the early 20th century, Cornishman
2193:, but in 1337 the earldom was given the status of a
1415:
language as the "Westwalas" meaning West Welsh. The
5541:"National identity, England and Wales: Census 2021"
4252:
4250:
4248:
3865:conditions in some parts of the coast of Cornwall.
3685:, and other missionaries from Wales, as well as by
3645:Anciently, the religion of the Cornish Britons was
3578:settled in Cornwall in the 1880s, establishing the
3447:closely related to ancient heroic Celtic folklore.
3299:, a Celtic language enthusiast, published his book
2542:, a Celtic language enthusiast, published his book
1476:
European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
77:
Population of Cornwall from 2021 UK Census 532,300;
8044:
7970:
6301:
5543:. Office for National Statistics. 29 November 2022
5360:(18). Exeter: University of Exeter Press: 70–100.
5299:(16). Exeter: University of Exeter Press: 195–200.
4860:
4858:
4260:. Office for National Statistics. 29 November 2022
4000:won preference after World War I. Nationalism (or
2857:encouraged additional migration of the Cornish to
2185:The Earldom of Cornwall passed to various English
2136:of England were progressively divided amongst the
1569:9.2 per cent identified as ethnically Cornish, in
7228:"A Brief History of the Celtic Cross in Cornwall"
5667:(presenter) (7 June 2009). "A New Civilization".
5403:"MPs reject 'Cornish' nationality on 2011 census"
5325:(19). Exeter: University of Exeter Press: 60–83.
4233:. Office for National Statistics. 8 December 2022
4220:
3603:for abstract artists formed there, influenced by
1968:, and sometimes to have been governed by its own
1516:Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom
11207:
8623:Tourists' Guide to Cornwall and the Scilly Isles
8045:Fletcher, Anthony; MacCulloch, Diarmaid (2008),
6268:The other being the Duchy of Lancaster from 1354
5940:"General history: Etymology and ancient history"
5135:"They revolted in 1497. Now they're at it again"
4245:
2664:in the early modern period were involved in the
1806:resulting in a reduced figure for the year 2020.
1789:2013: 46.0 percent – 32,254 pupils out of 70,097
1786:2012: 43.0 percent – 30,181 pupils out of 69,909
1783:2011: 40.9 percent – 28,584 pupils out of 69,811
1780:2010: 37.2 percent – 26,140 pupils out of 69,950
1777:2009: 33.9 percent – 23,808 pupils out of 70,275
1774:2008: 30.3 percent – 21,610 pupils out of 71,302
1771:2007: 27.3 percent – 19,988 pupils out of 72,842
1768:2006: 23.7 percent – 17,218 pupils out of 72,571
7862:
7106:
6470:
6468:
5561:
4855:
4405:Release 2A: National Identity detailed Scotland
4231:"How life has changed in Cornwall: Census 2021"
4183:"The Cornish Transnational Communities Project"
3324:—were in use by the end of the 20th century. A
2312:chose mottos in the Cornish language for their
8661:
8636:(reissue of the work first published in 1878,
8597:
8563:Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups
7453:
7451:
7389:
7372:
6861:
6707:
6525:
6523:
6521:
6519:
6517:
6443:
6441:
6439:
5509:
5310:Dunmore, Stuart (2011). Payton, Philip (ed.).
4832:
4830:
4828:
4826:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4818:
4637:Busby, Anne; Busby, Bret (30 September 2008),
4494:
3701:, according to some scholars. The adoption of
3677:was introduced to Cornwall in the year 520 by
2093:
1400:Anglo-Saxon invasion and settlement of Britain
1331:) can trace its roots to the Brittonic Celtic
9898:
9000:
8769:
7124:"The term "Great Britain" in the Middle Ages"
6504:
6502:
5113:
5111:
4816:
4814:
4812:
4810:
4808:
4806:
4804:
4802:
4800:
4798:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4401:
4399:
4368:
3717:, an evangelical revival movement within the
3496:
3311:, later steered the revival more towards the
3141:in Cornwall by the will of God to preach the
2430:Cornish identity developed during Cornwall's
2061:(the Cornish). Conflict continued until King
2003:, and Cornwall then experienced an influx of
1268:
56:
9886:
8601:Class and Space: the Making of Urban Society
8161:(2nd ed.), Cambridge University Press,
8116:
8019:(2nd ed.), Truro: Netherton & Worth
7287:
6857:
6855:
6726:"I'm alright Jack > The Cornish Diaspora"
6465:
6397:
6395:
6393:
6157:
6145:
5937:
5583:
5581:
4899:
4897:
4895:
4893:
4891:
4589:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4280:"Corporate Equality and Diversity Framework"
3872:
3519:is a Cornish May Day festival celebrated in
1972:, either by the title of duke or king. This
922:Literature in the other languages of Britain
9946:
9910:
8750:, an online guide to Cornish Celtic culture
7639:
7637:
7635:
7633:
7631:
7618:
7616:
7510:
7508:
7506:
7448:
7438:
7436:
7434:
7432:
7430:
7417:
7415:
7413:
7165:
7163:
7102:
7100:
7060:
7058:
7056:
6825:
6823:
6821:
6808:
6806:
6804:
6769:
6767:
6598:
6596:
6583:
6581:
6568:
6566:
6514:
6436:
6380:
6378:
6376:
6199:
6197:
6195:
6193:
6092:
6034:
5933:
5931:
5929:
5927:
5925:
5923:
5921:
5898:
5896:
5894:
5892:
5890:
5888:
5886:
5844:
5838:
5659:
5657:
5227:"Matavesi the Cornish Fijian feels at home"
5011:
5009:
5007:
5005:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4944:
4942:
4495:Deacon, Bernard; Schwartz, Sharron (2013).
4349:Cornish ethnicity data from the 2001 Census
4101:body responsible for local policy, setting
3953:Important historical institutions were the
3429:
3413:
2558:later steered the revival more towards the
9922:
9014:
9007:
8993:
8776:
8762:
8566:(2nd ed.), Harvard University Press,
8559:
8330:Pittaway, Mark; et al., eds. (2003),
8274:, Greenwood Publishing Group, p. 21,
8254:Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z
8065:Celtic Geographies: Old Culture, New Times
7863:Bradshaw, Brendan; Roberts, Peter (2003),
7400:
7398:
7180:
7178:
6754:
6752:
6750:
6649:
6647:
6499:
6414:
6412:
6410:
6351:
6349:
6205:"Timeline of Cornish History 1066–1700 AD"
5969:
5704:
5702:
5700:
5108:
5086:
5084:
5082:
5080:
5078:
5076:
5045:
5041:
5039:
5037:
5035:
4920:
4918:
4916:
4914:
4912:
4795:
4768:
4743:(4th ed.), dictionary.reference.com,
4722:the people or former language of Cornwall.
4688:
4686:
4684:
4682:
4680:
4678:
4676:
4636:
4610:
4608:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4600:
4470:I'm alright Jack > The Cornish Diaspora
4396:
3376:
3295:The revival of Cornish began in 1904 when
2633:
2624:United Kingdom's fifth constituent country
1710:
1631:Inhabitants of Cornwall may have multiple
1319:and a recognised national minority in the
1275:
1261:
8617:
8383:
8174:
7906:
7880:
7622:
7543:
7541:
7457:
7404:
6935:
6933:
6931:
6852:
6720:
6718:
6716:
6701:
6548:
6390:
6336:
6334:
6297:
6295:
6293:
6280:
6278:
6276:
6274:
5959:
5957:
5946:, vol. 3: Cornwall, pp. iii–x,
5851:, prospect-magazine.co.uk, archived from
5738:
5578:
5495:"Cornish ethnicity and national identity"
5351:
4888:
4704:
3750:Cornish cuisine is a regional variety of
3489:explanations for the frequent and deadly
2932:industry after the neglect caused by the
2573:, melding it with romanticist notions of
2160:from England, but in 1067 was granted to
1758:
1699:In November 2010 British Prime Minister,
8726:characteristics of the Cornish peasantry
8643:
8329:
8233:
7990:
7844:
7628:
7613:
7607:
7595:
7583:
7547:
7503:
7427:
7410:
7385:
7383:
7381:
7368:
7366:
7357:
7334:United Methodist Church of Whitefish Bay
7322:
7160:
7097:
7076:
7064:
7053:
6960:
6958:
6891:
6885:
6873:
6818:
6801:
6779:
6764:
6602:
6593:
6578:
6572:
6563:
6430:
6373:
6190:
6180:
6178:
6101:(Revised and Updated ed.). Exeter:
5998:
5996:
5918:
5883:
5832:
5654:
5250:Ideology and Image: Britain and language
5059:"Genetic map of Britain goes on display"
5002:
4939:
4924:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4457:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4415:
4413:
4411:
3909:
3895:, the former administrative seat of the
3882:
3791:
3738:
3510:
3473:that appear in Cornish folklore include
3220:
3200:
3057:
2896:, a remnant of the Cornish migration to
2883:
2848:European fishing ventures in and around
2775:beginning of Australia's colonial period
2753:
2643:
2417:
2273:
2107:
1884:
1845:
1714:
1519:
8697:
8598:Thrift, N. J.; Williams, Peter (1987),
8465:(2nd ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press
8457:
8347:
8269:
8251:
8212:
8194:
8098:
8080:
8029:The Cornish Language and its Literature
8016:A Compendium of the History of Cornwall
8008:
7845:Ball, Martin John; Fife, James (1993),
7755:"Election results by party, 2 May 2013"
7643:
7395:
7175:
7005:
6993:
6909:
6897:
6758:
6747:
6644:
6587:
6544:
6542:
6540:
6538:
6529:
6476:"Richard Trevithick's steam locomotive"
6459:
6447:
6418:
6407:
6367:
6355:
6346:
6225:
6169:
6125:
6119:
5987:
5938:Lysons, Daniel; Lysons, Samuel (1814),
5697:
5505:from the original on 28 September 2011.
5309:
5294:
5128:
5126:
5117:
5073:
5032:
4909:
4836:
4692:
4673:
4651:
4597:
4526:"Australian Population: Ethnic Origins"
4346:Brown, Malcolm (18–20 September 2006).
4341:
4339:
3725:revivals within the Church of England.
2404:Industry, revival and the modern period
1832:Historical immigration to Great Britain
14:
11208:
9863:
8662:Trewin, Carol; Woolfitt, Adam (2005),
8579:
8541:
8489:
8469:
8437:
8308:
8132:
8062:
7968:
7950:
7686:"Elections – Thursday, 4th June, 2009"
7538:
7458:Gallagher, Brendan (23 October 2008),
7442:
7184:
7169:
7112:
7017:
6928:
6713:
6508:
6384:
6340:
6331:
6325:
6290:
6284:
6271:
6087:
6075:
6002:
5963:
5954:
5950:from the original on 10 September 2011
5865:
5820:
5732:
5708:
5679:
5378:
5190:
5178:
5168:from the original on 17 February 2017.
5145:from the original on 9 September 2009.
5090:
4974:
4903:
4698:
4630:
4558:
4548:– via Monash University Library.
4430:I'm alright Jack: The Cornish Diaspora
4206:"Cornish Overseas / Cornwall Diaspora"
4063:House of Commons of the United Kingdom
4004:) in Cornwall traces its roots to the
2356:in Devon—which would both converge at
11095:
10987:
10766:
10568:
10000:
9780:
9426:
9063:
8988:
8757:
8520:
8419:
8401:
8365:
8350:Celtic Identity and the British Image
8023:
7932:
7514:
7421:
7378:
7363:
7029:
6955:
6736:from the original on 23 November 2011
6682:
6638:
6626:
6614:
6401:
6175:
6008:
5993:
5975:
5845:Oppenheimer, Stephen (October 2006),
5599:from the original on 15 January 2012.
5529:from the original on 10 January 2013.
5202:
5132:
5028:from the original on 9 September 2009
5015:
4448:
4437:from the original on 23 November 2011
4408:
4345:
4203:
3992:As in the rest of Great Britain, the
3119:its own tradition of Christian saints
2904:In 1825 a band of 60 Cornishmen left
8679:
8287:
8153:
7743:from the original on 29 January 2009
7527:from the original on 5 December 2009
6829:
6812:
6773:
6676:
6555:, cornishstudies.com, archived from
6535:
6313:
6184:
5877:
5685:
5247:
5155:
5123:
4998:from the original on 10 October 2006
4988:"Cornish gains official recognition"
4626:from the original on 4 February 2009
4336:
4210:Federation of Old Cornwall Societies
3944:Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
3809:Cornwall County Football Association
2855:British colonisation of the Americas
2666:British colonisation of the Americas
2599:Federation of Old Cornwall Societies
2530:in Europe inspired and influenced a
1999:in the year 410 prompted a complete
1828:Genetic history of the British Isles
111:Regions with significant populations
11226:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom
10988:
8728:. London: Simpkin, Marshall, 1846.
8181:, Edinburgh: W. & R. Chambers,
8049:(5th ed.), Pearson Education,
7733:"Unitary status agreed for council"
7560:Journal of Liberal Democrat History
7225:
7118:
6215:from the original on 27 August 2009
5810:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14230
5798:https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10326
5413:from the original on 14 March 2011.
5379:Waters, Calmer (27 November 2010).
5284:from the original on 14 March 2007.
4791:from the original on 24 April 2014.
4747:from the original on 28 August 2009
4665:. 30 September 2008. Archived from
4356:from the original on 1 October 2012
4067:2009 United Kingdom local elections
4016:, and win it the status as a fifth
3235:A Cornish speaker, recorded in the
2567:visit of King George IV to Scotland
1512:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom
1394:periods. The name Cornwall and its
24:
8783:
8717:
8438:Snyder, Christopher Allen (2003),
7667:from the original on 2 August 2009
7305:Methodist Central Hall Westminster
7077:Tristram, Hildegard L. C. (2007).
7043:"Standard Cornish spelling agreed"
6951:from the original on 27 April 2010
6484:, 15 December 2008, archived from
5914:from the original on 11 March 2014
5435:from the original on 8 March 2011.
5252:. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
4876:from the original on 16 March 2012
4850:Cornish National Minority Report 2
4659:"Cornish Emigrants to New Zealand"
4571:from the original on 28 April 2018
4392:from the original on 22 April 2018
4158:List of topics related to Cornwall
3961:. The Stannary court administered
2138:companions of William I of England
1821:
970:Baroque music of the British Isles
25:
11237:
10418:Festival Interceltique de Lorient
8732:
7893:(2771), Marshall Cavendish: 768,
7721:from the original on 25 July 2009
7517:"The good surf guide to Cornwall"
6797:from the original on 17 June 2009
6697:from the original on 10 July 2009
6549:Witterick, Susan (7 April 2007),
6021:United States Department of State
5133:Dugan, Emily (6 September 2009).
4523:
4477:from the original on 19 July 2009
4093:, serving as the sole executive,
3887:The surviving part of the former
3825:minor counties of English cricket
3400:Cornwall was associated with the
3331:Cornish is a restored and living
3016:—particularly the mining town of
2422:The National Tartan of Cornwall.
2381:Cornwall in the English Civil War
2201:, the first son and heir of King
1645:England national rugby union team
1501:
11191:
11168:
9781:
9413:
8368:Languages in Britain and Ireland
8218:Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples
7793:
7779:
7765:
7747:
7725:
7703:
7678:
7649:
7601:
7589:
7577:
7492:from the original on 17 May 2008
7474:
7351:
7281:
7249:
7219:
7190:
7070:
7035:
7023:
7011:
6999:
6987:
6976:from the original on 31 May 2009
6915:
6903:
6879:
6867:
6845:Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples
6835:
6683:McKie, Robin (15 January 2007),
6665:from the original on 7 June 2011
6632:
6620:
6608:
6453:
6424:
5722:from the original on 9 June 2008
5715:The Cornish: A Neglected Nation?
5671:. Episode 1. 36—40 minutes in.
5203:Viner, Brian (31 January 2004),
5104:from the original on 22 May 2009
5097:The Cornish: A Neglected Nation?
4137:
4010:Cornish self-government movement
3681:, a Brython from the kingdom of
3301:Handbook of the Cornish Language
3137:, but instead floated across to
2993:
2958:Cornish Mexican Cultural Society
2865:. The creation of the colony of
2615:Cornish self-government movement
2544:Handbook of the Cornish Language
1491:Cornish self-government movement
1242:
965:Early music of the British Isles
382:Post-war period (social history)
312:
8352:, Manchester University Press,
8316:, Fowey: Alexander Associates,
8220:, University of Toronto Press,
8134:Irvine, Alexander Andrew Mackay
8101:Methodism: Empire of the Spirit
8009:Daniell, John Jeremiah (1880),
7977:, Manchester University Press,
7482:"Cornish Wrestling Association"
7208:from the original on 7 May 2009
7080:The Celtic Languages in Contact
6925:. London: Westaway Books; p. 29
6791:Australian Bureau of Statistics
6361:
6319:
6307:
6262:
6231:
6219:
6163:
6151:
6139:
6081:
6069:
6028:
5981:
5871:
5859:
5826:
5814:
5802:
5790:
5771:
5747:
5726:
5686:Wade, Nicholas (6 March 2007),
5627:
5615:
5603:
5555:
5533:
5487:
5469:
5439:
5417:
5395:
5372:
5345:
5303:
5288:
5266:
5241:
5219:
5196:
5184:
5172:
5149:
5051:
4980:
4968:
4930:
4866:"2011 Census: Cornish identity"
4842:
4727:
4640:New Zealand Cornish Association
4552:
4517:
4488:
3959:Stannary Courts and Parliaments
3774:, piercing a pastry crust. The
3349:, a novella by American author
3254:. It is closely related to the
2963:
2956:, Cornish mining museums and a
2668:and other transcontinental and
2426:are emblematic of a resurgent,
2267:, but gathered pace across the
2220:Stannary Courts and Parliaments
2013:Anglo-Saxon invasion of Britain
1655:, describes himself as Cornish-
1489:, was recorded as 570,300. The
1407:Cornish people, who shared the
140:Significant Cornish diaspora in
8702:, Cambridge University Press,
8684:, Cambridge University Press,
8388:, Amsterdam University Press,
8256:, Greenwood Publishing Group,
8199:, Cambridge University Press,
7867:, Cambridge University Press,
7564:Liberal Democrat History Group
7083:. Universitätsverlag Potsdam.
6966:"Cornwall; St. Pirran's Cross"
6302:Fletcher & MacCulloch 2008
6035:Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. (1992).
5522:Office for National Statistics
5233:. 12 June 2010. Archived from
4197:
4175:
4089:, Cornwall Council has been a
3436:legendary kings of the Britons
2900:during the early-19th century.
2271:as a revolt against the king.
1959:in the 1st century introduced
1951:, who lived in the Kingdom of
1802:were inadvertently changed to
1594:politics of the United Kingdom
1433:experienced a slow process of
1315:native to, or associated with
912:Literature of Northern Ireland
642:Ireland & Northern Ireland
13:
1:
11137:Celtic place names in Galicia
10767:
8334:, Open University Worldwide,
8234:Magnaghi, Russell M. (2008),
8085:(2nd ed.), Transaction,
5904:"Overview of Cornish History"
5156:Husk, Kerryn Michael (2012).
5065:. 3 July 2012. Archived from
4163:
3900:
3197:List of Cornish dialect words
2502:, its coastline dominated by
1426:The Cornish people and their
305:Culture of the United Kingdom
10569:
9074:Ancient Celtic ethnic groups
8888:British Nationals (Overseas)
8648:, Presses Université Laval,
8560:Thernstrom, Stephan (1980),
7881:Cavendish, Marshall (2002),
7301:"About the Methodist Church"
6941:"St Pirans Day Celebrations"
5636:Cornish Minority Report 2014
5016:Dugan, Emily (6 June 2009),
4168:
4153:List of people from Cornwall
3821:Cornwall County Cricket Club
3657:faith, assumed to be led by
3611:, and involving the work of
2986:, until the outbreak of the
2743:
2001:Roman departure from Britain
1074:Football in Northern Ireland
689:Anglo-Indian and South Asian
7:
10061:Welsh literature in English
10001:
9427:
9153:Modern Celtic ethnic groups
9064:
8584:, Oxford University Press,
8295:, Oxford University Press,
8195:MacLeod, Christine (2007),
8178:Chambers Compact Dictionary
7995:(4th ed.), Routledge,
7955:, Oxford University Press,
7951:Cooper, John P. D. (2003),
7937:(2nd ed.), Troubador,
7262:The Grove Dictionary of Art
7107:Bradshaw & Roberts 2003
6044:Nottingham Medieval Studies
5669:How the Celts Saved Britain
4643:, busby.net, archived from
4130:
4050:National Assembly for Wales
4048:—comparable to that of the
4035:European Economic Community
3805:sport in the United Kingdom
3630:
3369:as Col. William Ludlow and
3353:, detailing the lives of a
3341:some regional peculiarities
3292:resident who died in 1777.
3176:
3073:The survival of a distinct
3014:Upper Peninsula of Michigan
2934:Mexican War of Independence
2767:Port Adelaide Football Club
2727:, which is concentrated in
2687:and copper smelting, while
2247:out of Cornwall ensued—the
2094:Anglicisation and rebellion
2009:decline of the Roman Empire
1457:(albeit Cornish-influenced
975:Early British popular music
10:
11242:
10081:Scottish Gaelic literature
9461:Brigantia (ancient region)
8959:Turks and Caicos Islanders
8495:Journal of British Studies
8406:, Penzance: Alison Hodge,
7825:The Rough Guide to Britain
7815:
7390:Trewin & Woolfitt 2005
7373:Trewin & Woolfitt 2005
6862:Thrift & Williams 1987
6708:Thrift & Williams 1987
6103:University of Exeter Press
4536:(4): 12–16. Archived from
4105:, and allocating budgets.
3876:
3785:
3732:
3728:
3634:
3500:
3497:Performing and visual arts
3386:
3380:
3186:
3180:
3051:
3047:
2997:
2967:
2877:
2841:
2800:history of South Australia
2747:
2729:English-speaking countries
2637:
2571:Scottish national identity
2407:
2122:Norman conquest of England
2097:
1835:
1825:
1814:
1810:
1563:United Kingdom Census 2001
1545:and considered a separate
1505:
1496:United Kingdom Census 2011
95:United Kingdom Census 2001
82:United Kingdom Census 2021
45:The Cornishman (newspaper)
38:
31:
11159:
11102:
11096:
11091:
11029:
11000:
10983:
10946:
10868:
10859:
10831:
10803:
10775:
10762:
10715:
10680:
10654:
10575:
10564:
10451:
10428:Hebridean Celtic Festival
10365:
10267:
10246:
10215:
10130:
10089:
10056:Welsh-language literature
10011:
10007:
9996:
9958:
9872:
9789:
9776:
9646:
9605:
9539:
9435:
9422:
9411:
9248:
9217:
9151:
9072:
9059:
9026:
8819:
8791:
8546:, Yale University Press,
8473:Rick Steves' England 2008
8420:Smyth, Alfred P. (1998),
8384:Schrijver, Frans (2006),
8366:Price, Glanville (2000),
8175:Macdonald, A. M. (1969),
8103:, Yale University Press,
8081:Hechter, Michael (1999),
7969:Cubitt, Geoffrey (1998),
6016:"United Kingdom – People"
5848:Myths of British Ancestry
5688:"A United Kingdom? Maybe"
5231:International Rugby Board
4058:left-wing political party
4030:law of the European Union
3873:Institutions and politics
3431:Historia Regum Britanniae
3416:Historia Regum Britanniae
3393:Historia Regum Britanniae
3129:was to be drowned in the
3093:inventions including the
2873:
2837:
2595:Cornish kilts and tartans
2506:increasingly composed of
2424:Cornish kilts and tartans
2249:Cornish rebellion of 1497
2100:Cornish rebellion of 1497
1957:Roman conquest of Britain
1705:Cornish unitary authority
1659:and Cornish not English.
1249:United Kingdom portal
1005:Music of Northern Ireland
985:Music in Medieval England
917:Welsh-language literature
277:
248:
243:
233:
228:
195:
190:
183:
176:
169:
161:
153:
145:
138:
115:
110:
69:
64:
43:. For the newspaper, see
10861:Ancient Celtic languages
8844:British Virgin Islanders
8644:Tregidga, Garry (2000),
8619:Tregellas, Walter Hawken
8604:, Taylor & Francis,
8580:Thomas, Hugh M. (2005),
8348:Pittock, Murray (1999),
8332:Globalization and Europe
7991:Cunliffe, Barry (2005),
7466:, London, archived from
7288:Hitchins & Drew 1824
6685:"Britain's moving story"
6158:Hitchins & Drew 1824
6146:Hitchins & Drew 1824
5642:. Cornwall Council. 2014
5211:, London, archived from
4085:(23 per cent) Since the
3936:United Kingdom's monarch
3781:
3641:Christianity in Cornwall
3538:and he was described by
3434:chronicled the lives of
3307:, with his orthography,
3262:, although they are not
3252:Insular Celtic languages
2791:, and South Australia's
2670:transatlantic migrations
2591:L. C. R. Duncombe-Jewell
2520:Battle of Bossenden Wood
2496:subtropical-like climate
2478:The construction of the
2199:Edward, the Black Prince
2162:Robert, Count of Mortain
1573:it was 7.5 per cent, in
1451:Kingdom of Great Britain
1419:between the Britons and
751:Late Summer Bank Holiday
34:Demographics of Cornwall
11132:Gaulish words in French
11117:Celtic words in English
9371:Scottish New Zealanders
9261:Anglo-Celtic Australian
8698:ZagorĂn, PĂ©rez (1982),
8542:Tanner, Marcus (2006),
8402:Smelt, Maurice (2006),
8270:Minahan, James (2000),
8252:Minahan, James (2002),
8099:Hempton, David (2006),
8025:Ellis, Peter Berresford
7711:"Council and democracy"
7566:: 21–23, archived from
4616:"The Cornish in Mexico"
3932:constitutional monarchy
3914:The Old County Hall in
3833:rugby union in Cornwall
3377:Literature and folklore
3318:Unified Cornish Revised
3010:Upper Mississippi River
2976:Witwatersrand Gold Rush
2769:in 1910, 1913 and 1914.
2759:William "Harold" Oliver
2634:Geographic distribution
1895:, showing "Cornweallas"
1711:2011 and 2021 UK Census
1685:University of Edinburgh
1649:British and Irish Lions
1508:British nationality law
1308:
510:Romani people (Gypsies)
10066:Early Irish literature
9947:
9935:
9923:
9911:
9899:
9887:
9351:Scotch-Irish Canadians
9346:Scotch-Irish Americans
8806:English-speaking world
8424:, Palgrave Macmillan,
8293:The Saints of Cornwall
8063:Harvey, David (2002),
7486:cornishwrestling.co.uk
7277:– via artnet.com
7139:10.9750/PSAS.089.55.66
6239:"History of the Duchy"
6093:
5447:"Census code document"
5366:10.1386/corn.18.1.70_1
5331:10.1386/corn.19.1.60_1
5162:University of Plymouth
4765:
4724:
4118:2017 general election.
3923:
3907:
3800:
3747:
3699:Protestant Reformation
3637:List of Cornish saints
3524:
3430:
3414:
3277:Act of Uniformity 1549
3239:
3218:
3169:, and the pre-eminent
3165:is an annual patronal
3070:
3065:is an annual patronal
2980:South African Republic
2901:
2770:
2657:
2569:in 1822 reinvigorated
2498:, became a centre for
2435:
2346:Act of Uniformity 1549
2287:
2117:
1927:in the north, and the
1896:
1858:
1759:Schools census (PLASC)
1727:
1533:
1300:
57:
41:The Cornishman (train)
10693:Scottish independence
10438:Celtic Media Festival
10321:National music scenes
9547:Proto-Celtic religion
9249:Related ethnic groups
8544:The Last of the Celts
8470:Steves, Rick (2007),
8011:Collins, Joseph Henry
7933:Clegg, David (2005),
6921:Vyvyan, C. C. (1948)
6481:National Museum Wales
5477:"Cornish Census 2011"
4750:
4709:
4622:, 30 September 2008,
4114:2015 general election
4020:rather than outright
4018:country within the UK
4006:Irish Home Rule bills
3983:Edward III of England
3918:, the former seat of
3913:
3886:
3854:(a localised form of
3795:
3742:
3733:Further information:
3560:Great Western Railway
3514:
3501:Further information:
3363:film of the same name
3326:standard written form
3264:mutually intelligible
3234:
3213:, in the English and
3204:
3193:West Country dialects
3181:Further information:
3135:High Kings of Ireland
3061:
3052:Further information:
2887:
2867:British North America
2757:
2647:
2480:Great Western Railway
2440:Industrial Revolution
2421:
2338:Prayer Book Rebellion
2326:Book of Common Prayer
2277:
2265:Parliament of England
2203:Edward III of England
2111:
2104:Prayer Book Rebellion
2098:Further information:
1915:in the north and the
1892:Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
1888:
1849:
1826:Further information:
1718:
1523:
1459:West Country dialects
1144:Palace of Westminster
950:British popular music
601:British Sign Language
244:Related ethnic groups
206:West Country dialects
149:1,000,000 – 2,500,000
11017:(Medieval Welsh law)
10627:Scottish nationalism
10277:Ancient Celtic music
9592:Romano-Celtic temple
9401:Welsh New Zealanders
9326:Irish New Zealanders
8909:New Forest Commoners
8748:cornishculture.co.uk
8314:The Cornish Overseas
7847:The Celtic Languages
7269:on 19 September 2002
7065:Ball & Fife 1993
6573:Ball & Fife 1993
5525:. 11 December 2012.
5483:on 7 September 2011.
5248:Ager, D. E. (2003).
5063:University of Oxford
4647:on 12 September 2009
4504:University of Exeter
4187:University of Exeter
3928:politics of Cornwall
3879:Politics of Cornwall
3823:plays as one of the
3661:in full or in part.
3588:. By the 1920s, the
3426:Geoffrey of Monmouth
3328:was agreed in 2008.
3284:Cornish speaker was
3246:is derived from the
3022:California Gold Rush
2990:prompted a retreat.
2735:, a movement within
2528:Romantic nationalism
2322:Edward VI of England
2233:James IV of Scotland
2229:Henry VII of England
2168:aristocracy; in the
2144:, reported by later
2126:William I of England
2112:European nations in
2065:determined that the
2063:Athelstan of England
1966:kings of the Britons
1693:University of Exeter
1691:A 2010 study by the
1683:A 2008 study by the
1672:University of Exeter
1539:Early Modern Britain
1447:early modern periods
1134:World Heritage Sites
1064:Football in Scotland
10707:Irish republicanism
10688:Breton independence
10667:Scottish devolution
10600:Cornish nationalism
10423:Pan Celtic Festival
10297:Scottish folk music
10051:Scottish literature
9572:Celtic Christianity
9376:Scottish Travellers
9361:Scottish Argentines
9205:Scottish Travellers
8854:Chagossians (ĂŽlois)
8834:Ascension Islanders
8680:Wood, Andy (2007),
8463:Anglo-Saxon England
8444:, Wiley-Blackwell,
8370:, Wiley-Blackwell,
8236:Cornish in Michigan
8118:Hitchins, Fortescue
7899:1922Natur.110..768R
7883:"Peoples of Europe"
7739:, 5 December 2007,
7464:The Daily Telegraph
7290:, pp. 348–349.
7156:on 5 February 2009.
7032:, pp. 115–118.
7020:, pp. 234–235.
6912:, pp. 480–481.
6655:"The History of MK"
6641:, pp. 160–161.
6532:, pp. 180–181.
6511:, pp. 164–166.
6099:Cornwall: A History
6056:10.1484/J.NMS.3.202
5855:on 21 December 2008
5835:, pp. 115–118.
5457:on 7 September 2012
5409:. 1 December 2009.
5391:on 9 December 2012.
5069:on 28 October 2013.
5048:, pp. 243–244.
4994:, 6 November 2002,
4963:Andrews et al. 2006
4669:on 16 October 2010.
4565:www12.statcan.gc.ca
4204:Pritchard, George.
4193:on 20 January 2011.
4081:(28 per cent), and
3675:Celtic Christianity
3595:was established at
3517:'Obby 'Oss festival
3471:Legendary creatures
3465:underground economy
3373:as Tristan Ludlow.
3347:Legends of the Fall
3305:Robert Morton Nance
3273:English Reformation
3087:Paul Robert Magocsi
3054:Culture of Cornwall
2970:White South African
2784:mining in Australia
2556:Robert Morton Nance
2324:commanded that the
2318:English Reformation
2212:monarchy of England
2205:, became the first
2150:Earldom of Cornwall
2080:South West Scotland
1921:Brythonic languages
1901:classical antiquity
1817:History of Cornwall
1664:Plymouth University
1596:, particularly the
1366:formed a series of
1360:classical antiquity
1089:Cricket in Scotland
1059:Football in England
943:and performing arts
907:Scottish literature
786:Saint Patrick's Day
741:Spring Bank Holiday
61:
10698:Welsh independence
10662:Cornish devolution
10583:Breton nationalism
10433:Celtic Connections
10036:Cornish literature
9381:Ulster Protestants
9366:Scottish Canadians
9356:Scottish Americans
9266:Anglo-Irish people
8964:Ulster Protestants
8924:Pitcairn Islanders
8869:Falkland Islanders
8526:Blood of the Isles
7515:Alexander, Simon,
7470:on 27 October 2008
7311:on 21 January 2007
6094:Anglia et Cornubia
5718:, BBC, p. 2,
5712:(1 January 2001),
5692:The New York Times
5624:, Cornwall Council
5612:, Cornwall Council
5595:. 3 January 2012.
5100:, BBC, p. 1,
5094:(1 January 2001),
4540:on 6 February 2016
4513:on 1 October 2008.
4473:, BBC, p. 1,
4433:, BBC, p. 2,
4381:Canada 2016 Census
4324:. Cornwall Council
4305:, Cornwall Council
4075:Conservative Party
4026:status of Cornwall
3948:head of government
3924:
3908:
3801:
3760:commercial fishing
3748:
3663:Early Christianity
3525:
3383:Cornish literature
3337:BBC Radio Cornwall
3320:, Modern Cornish,
3240:
3219:
3151:Celtic Revivalists
3147:Saint Piran's Flag
3079:culture of England
3071:
2950:Mexican Revolution
2902:
2818:in Australia. The
2771:
2750:Cornish Australian
2713:North East England
2689:mining in Cornwall
2658:
2650:mining in Cornwall
2583:Scottish Highlands
2457:Richard Trevithick
2444:mining in Cornwall
2436:
2354:Sampford Courtenay
2288:
2118:
2088:Kingdom of England
2076:North West England
1982:continental Europe
1970:Dumnonian monarchy
1897:
1859:
1795:2017: 51.1 percent
1792:2014: 48.0 percent
1728:
1534:
1409:Brythonic language
1323:, which (like the
1150:Angel of the North
1084:Cricket in Ireland
1079:Cricket in England
980:English folk music
955:British rock music
902:English literature
776:Saint Andrew's Day
771:Saint George's Day
467:Modern ethnicities
284:Cornish Australian
102:Canada 2016 Census
53:
11179:
11178:
11155:
11154:
11087:
11086:
10979:
10978:
10975:
10974:
10938:Cisalpine Gaulish
10758:
10757:
10644:national identity
10639:Welsh nationalism
10632:national identity
10612:Irish nationalism
10560:
10559:
10556:
10555:
10493:Cornish wrestling
10361:
10360:
10282:Breton Folk music
10247:Regional cultures
10090:National cultures
10076:Gaelic literature
10031:Breton literature
9992:
9991:
9988:
9987:
9984:
9983:
9772:
9771:
9684:Chief of the Name
9552:Celtic polytheism
9469:Sub-Roman Britain
9409:
9408:
9296:Irish Australians
9276:Cornish Americans
9235:Scottish diaspora
8982:
8981:
8954:Tristan Islanders
8741:, the website of
8709:978-0-521-28712-8
8691:978-0-521-83206-9
8673:978-0-906720-39-4
8655:978-0-85989-679-5
8632:978-0-554-83977-6
8611:978-0-7102-0230-7
8591:978-0-19-927886-2
8573:978-0-674-37512-3
8553:978-0-300-11535-2
8535:978-0-593-05652-3
8483:978-1-59880-097-5
8476:, Avalon Travel,
8451:978-0-631-22260-6
8431:978-0-312-21301-5
8404:101 Cornish Lives
8395:978-90-5629-428-1
8377:978-0-631-21581-3
8359:978-0-7190-5826-4
8341:978-0-7492-9612-4
8323:978-1-899526-95-6
8302:978-0-19-820765-8
8281:978-0-313-30984-7
8263:978-0-313-32384-3
8245:978-0-87013-787-7
8227:978-0-8020-2938-6
8206:978-0-521-87370-3
8168:978-0-521-80789-0
8147:978-1-84113-411-6
8110:978-0-300-11976-3
8092:978-0-7658-0475-4
8074:978-0-415-22396-6
8056:978-1-4058-7432-8
8038:978-0-7100-7928-2
8002:978-0-415-34779-2
7984:978-0-7190-5460-0
7973:Imagining Nations
7962:978-0-19-926387-5
7944:978-1-904744-99-3
7918:978-0-7614-7378-7
7856:978-0-415-01035-1
7838:978-1-84353-686-4
7789:. 9 January 2023.
7775:. 9 January 2023.
7232:Krowskernewek.com
7202:Into Cornwall.com
7090:978-3-940793-07-2
6761:, pp. 25–28.
6559:on 8 October 2011
6287:, pp. 53–54.
6244:Duchy of Cornwall
6228:, pp. 17–18.
6112:978-0-85989-232-2
4787:. 23 April 2014.
4386:Statistics Canada
4091:unitary authority
4079:Liberal Democrats
4042:national assembly
3955:Duchy of Cornwall
3856:medieval football
3844:Cornish wrestling
3817:England and Wales
3811:that play in the
3797:Cornish wrestling
3788:Sport in Cornwall
3719:Church of England
3647:Celtic polytheism
3607:painters such as
3507:Music of Cornwall
3402:Matter of Britain
3389:Matter of Britain
3232:
3042:Cornish Americans
3004:The discovery of
2910:Mineral del Monte
2894:Mineral del Monte
2820:Kernewek Lowender
2715:—particularly on
2705:England and Wales
2516:John Nichols Thom
2369:English Civil War
2352:in Cornwall, and
2255:to London led by
2216:Duchy of Cornwall
1980:, a peninsula on
1622:Council of Europe
1559:identity politics
1417:Battle of Deorham
1285:
1284:
1218:God Save the King
1204:Dieu et mon droit
1139:Buckingham Palace
1069:Football in Wales
995:Music of Scotland
960:British pop music
781:Saint David's Day
289:
288:
16:(Redirected from
11233:
11196:
11195:
11194:
11187:
11172:
11093:
11092:
10985:
10984:
10967:Galwegian Gaelic
10866:
10865:
10764:
10763:
10672:Welsh devolution
10566:
10565:
10318:
10317:
10307:Sean-nĂłs singing
10302:Welsh folk music
10292:Irish folk music
10259:Highland culture
10041:Irish literature
10021:Arthurian Legend
10009:
10008:
9998:
9997:
9950:
9938:
9926:
9914:
9902:
9890:
9870:
9869:
9861:
9860:
9838:Neo-Christianity
9778:
9777:
9709:Gaelic astrology
9669:Celtic festivals
9567:Celtic mythology
9540:Ancient religion
9457:Iron Age Britain
9424:
9423:
9417:
9396:Welsh Argentines
9336:Irish Uruguayans
9331:Irish Travellers
9301:Irish Brazilians
9291:Irish Argentines
9271:Breton Americans
9225:Cornish diaspora
9187:Irish Travellers
9061:
9060:
9053:Celtic languages
9009:
9002:
8995:
8986:
8985:
8811:British diaspora
8801:English language
8778:
8771:
8764:
8755:
8754:
8743:Cornwall Council
8712:
8694:
8676:
8666:, Alison Hodge,
8664:Gourmet Cornwall
8658:
8635:
8625:, BiblioBazaar,
8614:
8594:
8576:
8556:
8538:
8528:, Bantam Press,
8517:
8486:
8466:
8454:
8434:
8416:
8398:
8380:
8362:
8344:
8326:
8305:
8284:
8266:
8248:
8230:
8214:Magocsi, Paul R.
8209:
8191:
8171:
8150:
8129:
8113:
8095:
8077:
8059:
8047:Tudor Rebellions
8041:
8020:
8005:
7987:
7976:
7965:
7947:
7929:
7910:
7908:10.1038/110768e0
7877:
7859:
7841:
7809:
7808:
7797:
7791:
7790:
7783:
7777:
7776:
7769:
7763:
7762:
7759:Cornwall Council
7751:
7745:
7744:
7729:
7723:
7722:
7715:Cornwall Council
7707:
7701:
7700:
7699:
7697:
7690:Cornwall Council
7682:
7676:
7675:
7674:
7672:
7653:
7647:
7641:
7626:
7620:
7611:
7605:
7599:
7593:
7587:
7581:
7575:
7574:
7572:
7557:
7545:
7536:
7535:
7534:
7532:
7512:
7501:
7500:
7499:
7497:
7478:
7472:
7471:
7455:
7446:
7440:
7425:
7419:
7408:
7402:
7393:
7387:
7376:
7370:
7361:
7355:
7349:
7348:
7347:
7345:
7340:on 25 March 2008
7336:, archived from
7326:
7320:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7307:, archived from
7297:
7291:
7285:
7279:
7278:
7276:
7274:
7265:, archived from
7253:
7247:
7246:
7245:
7243:
7238:on 13 March 2009
7234:, archived from
7223:
7217:
7216:
7215:
7213:
7194:
7188:
7182:
7173:
7167:
7158:
7157:
7155:
7149:. Archived from
7128:
7116:
7110:
7104:
7095:
7094:
7074:
7068:
7062:
7051:
7050:
7039:
7033:
7027:
7021:
7015:
7009:
7003:
6997:
6991:
6985:
6984:
6983:
6981:
6962:
6953:
6952:
6937:
6926:
6919:
6913:
6907:
6901:
6895:
6889:
6883:
6877:
6871:
6865:
6859:
6850:
6839:
6833:
6827:
6816:
6810:
6799:
6798:
6783:
6777:
6771:
6762:
6756:
6745:
6744:
6743:
6741:
6722:
6711:
6705:
6699:
6698:
6680:
6674:
6673:
6672:
6670:
6651:
6642:
6636:
6630:
6624:
6618:
6612:
6606:
6600:
6591:
6585:
6576:
6570:
6561:
6560:
6546:
6533:
6527:
6512:
6506:
6497:
6496:
6495:
6493:
6488:on 15 April 2011
6472:
6463:
6457:
6451:
6445:
6434:
6428:
6422:
6416:
6405:
6399:
6388:
6382:
6371:
6365:
6359:
6353:
6344:
6338:
6329:
6323:
6317:
6311:
6305:
6304:, pp. 21–22
6299:
6288:
6282:
6269:
6266:
6260:
6259:
6258:
6256:
6247:, archived from
6235:
6229:
6223:
6217:
6216:
6211:, 10 June 2009,
6209:Cornwall Council
6201:
6188:
6182:
6173:
6167:
6161:
6155:
6149:
6143:
6137:
6136:
6127:Borlase, William
6123:
6117:
6116:
6096:
6085:
6079:
6073:
6067:
6066:
6065:on 24 July 2011.
6064:
6058:. Archived from
6041:
6032:
6026:
6025:
6012:
6006:
6000:
5991:
5985:
5979:
5978:, pp. 24–25
5973:
5967:
5961:
5952:
5951:
5935:
5916:
5915:
5910:, 23 June 2009,
5908:Cornwall Council
5900:
5881:
5875:
5869:
5863:
5857:
5856:
5842:
5836:
5830:
5824:
5818:
5812:
5806:
5800:
5794:
5788:
5775:
5769:
5754:Iron Age Britain
5751:
5745:
5744:
5742:
5730:
5724:
5723:
5706:
5695:
5694:
5683:
5677:
5676:
5661:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5647:
5641:
5631:
5625:
5619:
5613:
5607:
5601:
5600:
5585:
5576:
5575:
5573:
5571:
5559:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5548:
5537:
5531:
5530:
5513:
5507:
5506:
5501:. 3 March 2011.
5499:Cornwall Council
5491:
5485:
5484:
5479:. Archived from
5473:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5462:
5453:. Archived from
5451:Cornwall Council
5443:
5437:
5436:
5431:. 7 March 2011.
5421:
5415:
5414:
5399:
5393:
5392:
5387:. Archived from
5385:This is Cornwall
5376:
5370:
5369:
5349:
5343:
5342:
5316:
5307:
5301:
5300:
5292:
5286:
5285:
5280:. 3 March 2004.
5270:
5264:
5263:
5245:
5239:
5238:
5237:on 13 June 2010.
5223:
5217:
5216:
5215:on 12 March 2009
5200:
5194:
5188:
5182:
5176:
5170:
5169:
5153:
5147:
5146:
5130:
5121:
5115:
5106:
5105:
5088:
5071:
5070:
5055:
5049:
5043:
5030:
5029:
5013:
5000:
4999:
4984:
4978:
4972:
4966:
4960:
4937:
4934:
4928:
4922:
4907:
4901:
4886:
4885:
4883:
4881:
4870:Cornwall Council
4862:
4853:
4846:
4840:
4834:
4793:
4792:
4777:
4766:
4748:
4731:
4725:
4702:
4696:
4690:
4671:
4670:
4663:Cornwall-OPC.org
4655:
4649:
4648:
4634:
4628:
4627:
4612:
4595:
4594:
4588:
4580:
4578:
4576:
4556:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4530:People and Place
4524:Price, Charles.
4521:
4515:
4514:
4512:
4506:. Archived from
4501:
4492:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4465:
4446:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4425:
4406:
4403:
4394:
4393:
4372:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4361:
4343:
4334:
4333:
4331:
4329:
4323:
4315:
4306:
4300:
4291:
4290:
4287:Cornwall Council
4284:
4276:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4254:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4227:
4218:
4217:
4216:on 1 March 2014.
4212:. Archived from
4201:
4195:
4194:
4189:. Archived from
4179:
4147:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4071:Cornwall Council
4046:Cornish Assembly
3957:and the Cornish
3920:Cornwall Council
3905:
3902:
3897:Duke of Cornwall
3617:Barbara Hepworth
3461:fishing villages
3433:
3422:pseudohistorical
3419:
3355:Cornish American
3244:Cornish language
3233:
3183:Cornish language
3171:Cornish festival
3159:Cornwall Council
3153:thereafter as a
3099:Christmas carols
3067:Cornish festival
3000:Cornish American
2844:Cornish Canadian
2725:Cornish diaspora
2709:hard rock mining
2662:Age of Discovery
2654:Cornish diaspora
2640:Cornish diaspora
2628:Cornish Assembly
2471:ironworks, near
2461:steam locomotive
2373:Parliamentarians
2280:Cornish language
2245:popular uprising
2241:northern England
2207:Duke of Cornwall
2191:High Middle Ages
2057:(West Welsh) or
2033:Germanic peoples
2005:Celtic Christian
1986:Breton languages
1905:Celtic languages
1903:the Celts spoke
1857:site in Cornwall
1842:Cornish surnames
1736:Cornwall Council
1585:6 per cent, and
1467:British identity
1455:English language
1431:Cornish language
1353:Cornish diaspora
1277:
1270:
1263:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1094:Cricket in Wales
990:English art song
515:Irish Travellers
474:British identity
409:Historic peoples
377:Second World War
362:Edwardian period
350:Victorian period
316:
307:
291:
290:
280:Cornish American
65:Total population
62:
60:
52:
21:
11241:
11240:
11236:
11235:
11234:
11232:
11231:
11230:
11221:Brythonic Celts
11206:
11205:
11202:
11192:
11190:
11182:
11180:
11175:
11151:
11098:
11083:
11025:
11021:Early Scots law
11010:Early Irish law
10996:
10971:
10948:Scottish Gaelic
10942:
10883:Proto-Brittonic
10855:
10851:Beurla Reagaird
10827:
10823:Scottish Gaelic
10799:
10771:
10754:
10750:Columba Project
10730:Celtic Congress
10711:
10676:
10650:
10571:
10552:
10513:Gaelic handball
10503:Gaelic football
10488:Cornish hurling
10447:
10357:
10316:
10263:
10242:
10228:Gaelic clothing
10211:
10126:
10085:
10046:Manx literature
10003:
9980:
9959:Other claimants
9954:
9859:
9809:Celtic Congress
9785:
9768:
9664:Celtic calendar
9642:
9601:
9535:
9431:
9418:
9405:
9391:Welsh Americans
9311:Irish Catholics
9306:Irish Canadians
9286:Irish Americans
9244:
9218:Celtic diaspora
9213:
9147:
9076:
9068:
9055:
9022:
9013:
8983:
8978:
8929:Saint Helenians
8815:
8787:
8782:
8739:cornwall.gov.uk
8735:
8723:Miles, Sibella
8720:
8718:Further reading
8715:
8710:
8692:
8674:
8656:
8633:
8612:
8592:
8574:
8554:
8536:
8484:
8452:
8432:
8414:
8396:
8378:
8360:
8342:
8324:
8303:
8282:
8264:
8246:
8228:
8207:
8189:
8169:
8148:
8111:
8093:
8075:
8057:
8039:
8003:
7985:
7963:
7945:
7919:
7875:
7857:
7839:
7818:
7813:
7812:
7805:Falmouth Packet
7799:
7798:
7794:
7785:
7784:
7780:
7771:
7770:
7766:
7753:
7752:
7748:
7731:
7730:
7726:
7717:, 27 May 2009,
7709:
7708:
7704:
7695:
7693:
7684:
7683:
7679:
7670:
7668:
7655:
7654:
7650:
7642:
7629:
7621:
7614:
7606:
7602:
7594:
7590:
7582:
7578:
7573:on 17 June 2009
7570:
7555:
7551:(Spring 1999),
7549:Tregidga, Garry
7546:
7539:
7530:
7528:
7513:
7504:
7495:
7493:
7480:
7479:
7475:
7456:
7449:
7441:
7428:
7420:
7411:
7403:
7396:
7388:
7379:
7371:
7364:
7356:
7352:
7343:
7341:
7328:
7327:
7323:
7314:
7312:
7299:
7298:
7294:
7286:
7282:
7272:
7270:
7255:
7254:
7250:
7241:
7239:
7226:Everitt, Alex,
7224:
7220:
7211:
7209:
7196:
7195:
7191:
7183:
7176:
7168:
7161:
7153:
7126:
7117:
7113:
7105:
7098:
7091:
7075:
7071:
7063:
7054:
7041:
7040:
7036:
7028:
7024:
7016:
7012:
7004:
7000:
6992:
6988:
6979:
6977:
6964:
6963:
6956:
6939:
6938:
6929:
6920:
6916:
6908:
6904:
6896:
6892:
6884:
6880:
6872:
6868:
6860:
6853:
6840:
6836:
6828:
6819:
6811:
6802:
6793:, 3 June 2003,
6785:
6784:
6780:
6772:
6765:
6757:
6748:
6739:
6737:
6724:
6723:
6714:
6706:
6702:
6681:
6677:
6668:
6666:
6653:
6652:
6645:
6637:
6633:
6625:
6621:
6613:
6609:
6601:
6594:
6586:
6579:
6571:
6564:
6547:
6536:
6528:
6515:
6507:
6500:
6491:
6489:
6474:
6473:
6466:
6458:
6454:
6446:
6437:
6429:
6425:
6417:
6408:
6400:
6391:
6383:
6374:
6366:
6362:
6354:
6347:
6339:
6332:
6324:
6320:
6312:
6308:
6300:
6291:
6283:
6272:
6267:
6263:
6254:
6252:
6251:on 20 July 2011
6237:
6236:
6232:
6224:
6220:
6203:
6202:
6191:
6183:
6176:
6168:
6164:
6156:
6152:
6144:
6140:
6124:
6120:
6113:
6086:
6082:
6078:, pp. 3–4.
6074:
6070:
6062:
6039:
6033:
6029:
6014:
6013:
6009:
6001:
5994:
5986:
5982:
5974:
5970:
5962:
5955:
5944:Magna Britannia
5936:
5919:
5902:
5901:
5884:
5876:
5872:
5864:
5860:
5843:
5839:
5831:
5827:
5823:, pp. 1–5.
5819:
5815:
5807:
5803:
5795:
5791:
5776:
5772:
5752:
5748:
5731:
5727:
5707:
5698:
5684:
5680:
5663:
5662:
5655:
5645:
5643:
5639:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5620:
5616:
5608:
5604:
5587:
5586:
5579:
5569:
5567:
5560:
5556:
5546:
5544:
5539:
5538:
5534:
5515:
5514:
5510:
5493:
5492:
5488:
5475:
5474:
5470:
5460:
5458:
5445:
5444:
5440:
5423:
5422:
5418:
5401:
5400:
5396:
5377:
5373:
5354:Cornish Studies
5350:
5346:
5319:Cornish Studies
5314:
5308:
5304:
5297:Cornish Studies
5293:
5289:
5272:
5271:
5267:
5260:
5246:
5242:
5225:
5224:
5220:
5209:The Independent
5201:
5197:
5189:
5185:
5177:
5173:
5154:
5150:
5139:The Independent
5131:
5124:
5116:
5109:
5089:
5074:
5057:
5056:
5052:
5046:Thernstrom 1980
5044:
5033:
5022:The Independent
5014:
5003:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4973:
4969:
4961:
4940:
4935:
4931:
4927:, pp. 2–3.
4923:
4910:
4902:
4889:
4879:
4877:
4864:
4863:
4856:
4847:
4843:
4835:
4796:
4785:The Independent
4779:
4778:
4769:
4749:
4732:
4728:
4708:
4703:
4699:
4691:
4674:
4657:
4656:
4652:
4635:
4631:
4614:
4613:
4598:
4582:
4581:
4574:
4572:
4557:
4553:
4543:
4541:
4522:
4518:
4510:
4499:
4493:
4489:
4480:
4478:
4467:
4466:
4449:
4440:
4438:
4427:
4426:
4409:
4404:
4397:
4374:
4373:
4369:
4359:
4357:
4344:
4337:
4327:
4325:
4321:
4317:
4316:
4309:
4301:
4294:
4282:
4278:
4277:
4273:
4263:
4261:
4256:
4255:
4246:
4236:
4234:
4229:
4228:
4221:
4202:
4198:
4181:
4180:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4145:Cornwall portal
4143:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4077:(34 per cent),
3934:, in which the
3903:
3881:
3875:
3852:Cornish hurling
3813:Football League
3790:
3784:
3752:British cuisine
3737:
3735:Cornish cuisine
3731:
3671:Isles of Scilly
3643:
3633:
3572:Stanhope Forbes
3556:J. M. W. Turner
3540:Joshua Reynolds
3509:
3499:
3395:
3385:
3379:
3367:Anthony Hopkins
3333:modern language
3322:Kernewek Kemmyn
3309:Unified Cornish
3286:Dolly Pentreath
3256:Breton language
3221:
3199:
3185:
3179:
3075:Cornish culture
3063:St. Piran's Day
3056:
3050:
3002:
2996:
2988:Second Boer War
2972:
2966:
2954:Cornish pasties
2882:
2876:
2846:
2840:
2793:Yorke Peninsula
2752:
2746:
2701:human migration
2642:
2636:
2552:Unified Cornish
2500:English tourism
2492:interwar period
2453:mining engineer
2416:
2406:
2300:Norman language
2189:throughout the
2106:
2096:
2011:encouraged the
1844:
1838:Tre Pol and Pen
1834:
1824:
1822:Ancestral roots
1819:
1813:
1804:Any Other White
1761:
1713:
1518:
1504:
1487:Isles of Scilly
1333:ancient Britons
1281:
1243:
1241:
1234:
1233:
1188:National anthem
1173:
1172:
1161:
1160:
1129:
1128:
1119:
1118:
1054:
1053:
1042:
1041:
1022:
1021:
1010:
1009:
945:
944:
932:
931:
897:
896:
885:
884:
860:
859:
848:
847:
843:Modern Paganism
808:
807:
796:
795:
706:
705:
694:
693:
659:
658:
647:
646:
622:
621:
606:
605:
581:Scottish Gaelic
537:
536:
525:
524:
406:
405:
394:
393:
372:Interwar period
367:First World War
338:Napoleonic Wars
333:Georgian period
328:
327:
303:
278:
273:
267:Scottish people
239:
224:
129:
128:) 99,754 (2021)
120:
116:United Kingdom
106:
55:
51:
48:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11239:
11229:
11228:
11223:
11218:
11216:Cornish people
11201:
11200:
11177:
11176:
11174:
11173:
11166:
11160:
11157:
11156:
11153:
11152:
11150:
11149:
11144:
11139:
11134:
11129:
11124:
11119:
11114:
11109:
11103:
11100:
11099:
11089:
11088:
11085:
11084:
11082:
11081:
11076:
11071:
11066:
11061:
11056:
11051:
11046:
11041:
11039:Gaelic warfare
11035:
11033:
11027:
11026:
11024:
11023:
11018:
11015:Cyfraith Hywel
11012:
11006:
11004:
10998:
10997:
10981:
10980:
10977:
10976:
10973:
10972:
10970:
10969:
10964:
10962:Deeside Gaelic
10959:
10953:
10951:
10944:
10943:
10941:
10940:
10935:
10933:Hispano-Celtic
10930:
10925:
10920:
10915:
10910:
10905:
10900:
10895:
10890:
10888:Proto-Goidelic
10885:
10880:
10874:
10872:
10863:
10857:
10856:
10854:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10837:
10835:
10829:
10828:
10826:
10825:
10820:
10815:
10809:
10807:
10801:
10800:
10798:
10797:
10792:
10787:
10781:
10779:
10773:
10772:
10760:
10759:
10756:
10755:
10753:
10752:
10747:
10742:
10740:Celtic society
10737:
10735:Celtic Revival
10732:
10727:
10721:
10719:
10713:
10712:
10710:
10709:
10703:United Ireland
10700:
10695:
10690:
10684:
10682:
10678:
10677:
10675:
10674:
10669:
10664:
10658:
10656:
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10647:
10646:
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10624:
10619:
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10609:
10608:
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10597:
10596:
10595:
10590:
10579:
10577:
10573:
10572:
10562:
10561:
10558:
10557:
10554:
10553:
10551:
10550:
10548:Welsh handball
10545:
10540:
10535:
10530:
10528:Highland games
10525:
10520:
10515:
10510:
10500:
10495:
10490:
10485:
10478:
10473:
10468:
10461:
10455:
10453:
10449:
10448:
10446:
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10425:
10420:
10415:
10414:
10413:
10404:
10395:
10386:
10371:
10369:
10363:
10362:
10359:
10358:
10356:
10355:
10350:
10345:
10340:
10335:
10330:
10324:
10322:
10315:
10314:
10309:
10304:
10299:
10294:
10289:
10284:
10279:
10273:
10271:
10265:
10264:
10262:
10261:
10256:
10254:Gaelic culture
10250:
10248:
10244:
10243:
10241:
10240:
10235:
10233:Highland dress
10230:
10225:
10219:
10217:
10213:
10212:
10210:
10209:
10204:
10199:
10197:Pictish stones
10194:
10189:
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10174:
10169:
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10142:
10136:
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10048:
10043:
10038:
10033:
10028:
10023:
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9994:
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9955:
9953:
9952:
9940:
9928:
9916:
9904:
9892:
9879:
9877:
9867:
9858:
9857:
9856:
9855:
9850:
9840:
9835:
9834:
9833:
9823:
9822:
9821:
9816:
9811:
9801:
9799:Celtic nations
9796:
9794:Celtic Revival
9790:
9787:
9786:
9774:
9773:
9770:
9769:
9767:
9766:
9761:
9751:
9746:
9741:
9736:
9731:
9726:
9721:
9716:
9711:
9706:
9701:
9696:
9691:
9686:
9681:
9676:
9671:
9666:
9661:
9656:
9650:
9648:
9644:
9643:
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9640:
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9625:
9620:
9615:
9609:
9607:
9603:
9602:
9600:
9599:
9594:
9589:
9584:
9579:
9574:
9569:
9564:
9562:Celtic Animism
9559:
9557:Celtic deities
9554:
9549:
9543:
9541:
9537:
9536:
9534:
9533:
9528:
9523:
9518:
9516:Cisalpine Gaul
9513:
9512:
9511:
9506:
9488:
9479:
9454:
9445:
9443:Gaelic Ireland
9439:
9437:
9433:
9432:
9420:
9419:
9412:
9410:
9407:
9406:
9404:
9403:
9398:
9393:
9388:
9383:
9378:
9373:
9368:
9363:
9358:
9353:
9348:
9343:
9341:Manx Americans
9338:
9333:
9328:
9323:
9318:
9316:Irish Chileans
9313:
9308:
9303:
9298:
9293:
9288:
9283:
9281:English people
9278:
9273:
9268:
9263:
9258:
9252:
9250:
9246:
9245:
9243:
9242:
9240:Welsh diaspora
9237:
9232:
9230:Irish diaspora
9227:
9221:
9219:
9215:
9214:
9212:
9211:
9210:
9209:
9208:
9207:
9196:
9191:
9190:
9189:
9173:
9168:
9163:
9157:
9155:
9149:
9148:
9146:
9145:
9140:
9135:
9130:
9125:
9120:
9115:
9110:
9105:
9100:
9095:
9090:
9084:
9082:
9070:
9069:
9057:
9056:
9037:Celtic studies
9029:Celtic nations
9027:
9024:
9023:
9012:
9011:
9004:
8997:
8989:
8980:
8979:
8977:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8961:
8956:
8951:
8946:
8941:
8936:
8931:
8926:
8921:
8916:
8914:Northern Irish
8911:
8906:
8904:Montserratians
8901:
8896:
8891:
8881:
8876:
8871:
8866:
8861:
8856:
8851:
8846:
8841:
8836:
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8826:
8820:
8817:
8816:
8814:
8813:
8808:
8803:
8798:
8792:
8789:
8788:
8785:British people
8781:
8780:
8773:
8766:
8758:
8752:
8751:
8745:
8734:
8733:External links
8731:
8730:
8729:
8719:
8716:
8714:
8713:
8708:
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8677:
8672:
8659:
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8641:
8631:
8615:
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8595:
8590:
8577:
8572:
8557:
8552:
8539:
8534:
8518:
8507:10.1086/386202
8501:(4): 423–444,
8487:
8482:
8467:
8459:Stenton, F. M.
8455:
8450:
8435:
8430:
8417:
8412:
8399:
8394:
8381:
8376:
8363:
8358:
8345:
8340:
8327:
8322:
8310:Payton, Philip
8306:
8301:
8289:Orme, Nicholas
8285:
8280:
8267:
8262:
8249:
8244:
8231:
8226:
8210:
8205:
8192:
8187:
8172:
8167:
8151:
8146:
8130:
8114:
8109:
8096:
8091:
8078:
8073:
8060:
8055:
8042:
8037:
8021:
8006:
8001:
7988:
7983:
7966:
7961:
7948:
7943:
7930:
7917:
7878:
7873:
7860:
7855:
7842:
7837:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7811:
7810:
7792:
7778:
7764:
7746:
7724:
7702:
7677:
7648:
7646:, p. 483.
7627:
7625:, p. 106.
7623:Schrijver 2006
7612:
7600:
7588:
7576:
7537:
7502:
7473:
7447:
7445:, p. 221.
7426:
7409:
7405:Tregellas 2008
7394:
7377:
7362:
7350:
7321:
7292:
7280:
7248:
7218:
7189:
7187:, p. 253.
7174:
7172:, p. 355.
7159:
7111:
7096:
7089:
7069:
7067:, p. 645.
7052:
7034:
7022:
7010:
7008:, p. 195.
6998:
6996:, p. 481.
6986:
6970:Flag Institute
6954:
6947:, March 2004,
6927:
6914:
6902:
6890:
6878:
6866:
6864:, p. 142.
6851:
6849:
6848:
6834:
6832:, p. 231.
6817:
6815:, p. 228.
6800:
6778:
6776:, p. 229.
6763:
6746:
6712:
6710:, p. 143.
6700:
6675:
6643:
6631:
6629:, p. 168.
6619:
6617:, p. 151.
6607:
6605:, p. 181.
6592:
6590:, p. 486.
6577:
6575:, p. 644.
6562:
6534:
6513:
6498:
6464:
6462:, p. 345.
6452:
6450:, p. 343.
6435:
6433:, p. 151.
6423:
6406:
6404:, p. 113.
6389:
6387:, p. 230.
6372:
6360:
6358:, p. 122.
6345:
6343:, p. 226.
6330:
6328:, p. 225.
6318:
6316:, p. 114.
6306:
6289:
6270:
6261:
6230:
6218:
6189:
6174:
6162:
6160:, p. 464.
6150:
6148:, p. 214.
6138:
6118:
6111:
6089:Payton, Philip
6080:
6068:
6027:
6007:
5992:
5990:, p. 337.
5980:
5968:
5953:
5917:
5882:
5870:
5868:, p. 161.
5858:
5837:
5825:
5813:
5801:
5789:
5777:Schiffels, S.
5770:
5758:Barry Cunliffe
5746:
5740:10.1101/135962
5725:
5696:
5678:
5653:
5626:
5614:
5602:
5577:
5566:. CornwallLive
5554:
5532:
5508:
5486:
5468:
5438:
5416:
5394:
5371:
5344:
5302:
5287:
5265:
5258:
5240:
5218:
5195:
5193:, p. 160.
5183:
5181:, p. 270.
5171:
5148:
5122:
5120:, p. 381.
5107:
5072:
5050:
5031:
5001:
4979:
4967:
4938:
4929:
4908:
4906:, p. 160.
4887:
4854:
4841:
4794:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4726:
4716:kor'nish, adj.
4707:, p. 108:
4705:Macdonald 1969
4697:
4695:, p. 482.
4672:
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4629:
4596:
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3971:Royal Charters
3877:Main article:
3874:
3871:
3786:Main article:
3783:
3780:
3730:
3727:
3723:Anglo-Catholic
3695:Cornish saints
3632:
3629:
3601:St Ives School
3528:Celtic crosses
3498:
3495:
3398:Early medieval
3381:Main article:
3378:
3375:
3313:Middle Cornish
3268:language shift
3260:Welsh language
3250:branch of the
3237:United Kingdom
3178:
3175:
3163:St Piran's Day
3103:rugby football
3095:Cornish engine
3081:, despite its
3049:
3046:
2998:Main article:
2995:
2992:
2965:
2962:
2875:
2872:
2839:
2836:
2780:Cornish mining
2745:
2742:
2693:British Malaya
2638:Main article:
2635:
2632:
2611:Celtic nations
2603:Gorseth Kernow
2560:Middle Cornish
2532:Celtic Revival
2473:Merthyr Tydfil
2432:Celtic Revival
2410:Celtic Revival
2405:
2402:
2390:William Scawen
2292:Middle English
2282:experienced a
2261:Michael An Gof
2257:Thomas Flamank
2237:Perkin Warbeck
2095:
2092:
1853:is an ancient
1823:
1820:
1815:Main article:
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1668:Morgan Stanley
1610:Northern Irish
1598:European Union
1583:North Cornwall
1581:6.3 per cent,
1577:6.6 per cent,
1503:
1502:Classification
1500:
1471:Celtic revival
1364:Celtic Britons
1362:, the ancient
1341:Roman conquest
1335:who inhabited
1321:United Kingdom
1289:Cornish people
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1000:Music of Wales
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711:New Year's Day
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692:
691:
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684:Northern Irish
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355:British Empire
347:
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343:Regency period
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173:
171:
167:
166:
163:
159:
158:
155:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
136:
135:
118:United Kingdom
113:
112:
108:
107:
105:
104:
98:
91:
88:
85:
78:
74:
67:
66:
54:Cornish people
49:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11238:
11227:
11224:
11222:
11219:
11217:
11214:
11213:
11211:
11204:
11199:
11189:
11188:
11185:
11171:
11167:
11165:
11162:
11161:
11158:
11148:
11147:– in Portugal
11145:
11143:
11140:
11138:
11135:
11133:
11130:
11128:
11127:– in Galician
11125:
11123:
11120:
11118:
11115:
11113:
11110:
11108:
11105:
11104:
11101:
11094:
11090:
11080:
11077:
11075:
11072:
11070:
11067:
11065:
11062:
11060:
11057:
11055:
11052:
11050:
11047:
11045:
11042:
11040:
11037:
11036:
11034:
11032:
11028:
11022:
11019:
11016:
11013:
11011:
11008:
11007:
11005:
11003:
10999:
10995:
10991:
10986:
10982:
10968:
10965:
10963:
10960:
10958:
10955:
10954:
10952:
10949:
10945:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10921:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10899:
10896:
10894:
10891:
10889:
10886:
10884:
10881:
10879:
10876:
10875:
10873:
10871:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10858:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10839:
10838:
10836:
10834:
10830:
10824:
10821:
10819:
10816:
10814:
10811:
10810:
10808:
10806:
10802:
10796:
10793:
10791:
10788:
10786:
10783:
10782:
10780:
10778:
10774:
10770:
10765:
10761:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10743:
10741:
10738:
10736:
10733:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10725:Celtic League
10723:
10722:
10720:
10718:
10717:Pan-Celticism
10714:
10708:
10704:
10701:
10699:
10696:
10694:
10691:
10689:
10686:
10685:
10683:
10679:
10673:
10670:
10668:
10665:
10663:
10660:
10659:
10657:
10653:
10645:
10642:
10641:
10640:
10637:
10633:
10630:
10629:
10628:
10625:
10623:
10620:
10618:
10615:
10613:
10610:
10606:
10603:
10602:
10601:
10598:
10594:
10593:reunification
10591:
10589:
10586:
10585:
10584:
10581:
10580:
10578:
10574:
10567:
10563:
10549:
10546:
10544:
10541:
10539:
10536:
10534:
10531:
10529:
10526:
10524:
10521:
10519:
10516:
10514:
10511:
10508:
10504:
10501:
10499:
10496:
10494:
10491:
10489:
10486:
10484:
10483:
10479:
10477:
10474:
10472:
10469:
10467:
10466:
10462:
10460:
10457:
10456:
10454:
10450:
10444:
10441:
10439:
10436:
10434:
10431:
10429:
10426:
10424:
10421:
10419:
10416:
10412:
10408:
10405:
10403:
10399:
10396:
10394:
10390:
10387:
10385:
10381:
10378:
10377:
10376:
10373:
10372:
10370:
10368:
10364:
10354:
10351:
10349:
10346:
10344:
10341:
10339:
10336:
10334:
10331:
10329:
10326:
10325:
10323:
10319:
10313:
10310:
10308:
10305:
10303:
10300:
10298:
10295:
10293:
10290:
10288:
10285:
10283:
10280:
10278:
10275:
10274:
10272:
10270:
10266:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10252:
10251:
10249:
10245:
10239:
10236:
10234:
10231:
10229:
10226:
10224:
10221:
10220:
10218:
10214:
10208:
10207:Triple spiral
10205:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10195:
10193:
10190:
10188:
10185:
10183:
10180:
10178:
10175:
10173:
10170:
10168:
10165:
10163:
10160:
10158:
10155:
10151:
10148:
10147:
10146:
10143:
10141:
10138:
10137:
10135:
10133:
10129:
10123:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10113:
10110:
10108:
10105:
10103:
10100:
10098:
10095:
10094:
10092:
10088:
10082:
10079:
10077:
10074:
10072:
10069:
10067:
10064:
10062:
10059:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10034:
10032:
10029:
10027:
10026:Bardic Poetry
10024:
10022:
10019:
10018:
10016:
10014:
10010:
10006:
9999:
9995:
9977:
9974:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9963:
9961:
9957:
9949:
9944:
9941:
9937:
9932:
9929:
9925:
9920:
9917:
9913:
9908:
9905:
9901:
9896:
9893:
9889:
9884:
9881:
9880:
9878:
9875:
9874:Celtic League
9871:
9868:
9866:
9862:
9854:
9851:
9849:
9846:
9845:
9844:
9841:
9839:
9836:
9832:
9829:
9828:
9827:
9824:
9820:
9817:
9815:
9814:Celtic League
9812:
9810:
9807:
9806:
9805:
9804:Pan-Celticism
9802:
9800:
9797:
9795:
9792:
9791:
9788:
9784:
9779:
9775:
9765:
9762:
9759:
9755:
9752:
9750:
9747:
9745:
9742:
9740:
9737:
9735:
9732:
9730:
9727:
9725:
9722:
9720:
9717:
9715:
9712:
9710:
9707:
9705:
9704:Gaelicisation
9702:
9700:
9697:
9695:
9692:
9690:
9687:
9685:
9682:
9680:
9679:Celticisation
9677:
9675:
9672:
9670:
9667:
9665:
9662:
9660:
9657:
9655:
9652:
9651:
9649:
9645:
9639:
9636:
9634:
9631:
9629:
9626:
9624:
9621:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9610:
9608:
9604:
9598:
9595:
9593:
9590:
9588:
9585:
9583:
9580:
9578:
9575:
9573:
9570:
9568:
9565:
9563:
9560:
9558:
9555:
9553:
9550:
9548:
9545:
9544:
9542:
9538:
9532:
9529:
9527:
9524:
9522:
9519:
9517:
9514:
9510:
9507:
9505:
9501:
9497:
9494:
9493:
9492:
9489:
9487:
9483:
9482:Iron Age Gaul
9480:
9478:
9474:
9470:
9466:
9465:Roman Britain
9462:
9458:
9455:
9453:
9449:
9446:
9444:
9441:
9440:
9438:
9434:
9430:
9425:
9421:
9416:
9402:
9399:
9397:
9394:
9392:
9389:
9387:
9384:
9382:
9379:
9377:
9374:
9372:
9369:
9367:
9364:
9362:
9359:
9357:
9354:
9352:
9349:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9337:
9334:
9332:
9329:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9321:Irish Mexican
9319:
9317:
9314:
9312:
9309:
9307:
9304:
9302:
9299:
9297:
9294:
9292:
9289:
9287:
9284:
9282:
9279:
9277:
9274:
9272:
9269:
9267:
9264:
9262:
9259:
9257:
9254:
9253:
9251:
9247:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9223:
9222:
9220:
9216:
9206:
9202:
9201:
9200:
9197:
9195:
9192:
9188:
9184:
9183:
9182:
9179:
9178:
9177:
9174:
9172:
9169:
9167:
9164:
9162:
9159:
9158:
9156:
9154:
9150:
9144:
9141:
9139:
9136:
9134:
9131:
9129:
9126:
9124:
9121:
9119:
9116:
9114:
9111:
9109:
9106:
9104:
9101:
9099:
9096:
9094:
9091:
9089:
9086:
9085:
9083:
9080:
9075:
9071:
9067:
9062:
9058:
9054:
9050:
9046:
9045:Celtic tribes
9042:
9038:
9034:
9030:
9025:
9021:
9017:
9010:
9005:
9003:
8998:
8996:
8991:
8990:
8987:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8957:
8955:
8952:
8950:
8949:Spanish Brits
8947:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8925:
8922:
8920:
8917:
8915:
8912:
8910:
8907:
8905:
8902:
8900:
8897:
8895:
8892:
8889:
8885:
8882:
8880:
8877:
8875:
8874:Gibraltarians
8872:
8870:
8867:
8865:
8862:
8860:
8857:
8855:
8852:
8850:
8847:
8845:
8842:
8840:
8837:
8835:
8832:
8830:
8827:
8825:
8822:
8821:
8818:
8812:
8809:
8807:
8804:
8802:
8799:
8797:
8794:
8793:
8790:
8786:
8779:
8774:
8772:
8767:
8765:
8760:
8759:
8756:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8740:
8737:
8736:
8727:
8722:
8721:
8711:
8705:
8701:
8696:
8693:
8687:
8683:
8678:
8675:
8669:
8665:
8660:
8657:
8651:
8647:
8642:
8639:
8634:
8628:
8624:
8620:
8616:
8613:
8607:
8603:
8602:
8596:
8593:
8587:
8583:
8578:
8575:
8569:
8565:
8564:
8558:
8555:
8549:
8545:
8540:
8537:
8531:
8527:
8523:
8519:
8516:
8512:
8508:
8504:
8500:
8496:
8492:
8488:
8485:
8479:
8475:
8474:
8468:
8464:
8460:
8456:
8453:
8447:
8443:
8442:
8436:
8433:
8427:
8423:
8418:
8415:
8413:0-906720-50-8
8409:
8405:
8400:
8397:
8391:
8387:
8382:
8379:
8373:
8369:
8364:
8361:
8355:
8351:
8346:
8343:
8337:
8333:
8328:
8325:
8319:
8315:
8311:
8307:
8304:
8298:
8294:
8290:
8286:
8283:
8277:
8273:
8268:
8265:
8259:
8255:
8250:
8247:
8241:
8238:, MSU Press,
8237:
8232:
8229:
8223:
8219:
8215:
8211:
8208:
8202:
8198:
8193:
8190:
8188:0-550-10605-7
8184:
8180:
8179:
8173:
8170:
8164:
8160:
8156:
8152:
8149:
8143:
8139:
8135:
8131:
8128:, W. Penaluna
8127:
8123:
8119:
8115:
8112:
8106:
8102:
8097:
8094:
8088:
8084:
8079:
8076:
8070:
8067:, Routledge,
8066:
8061:
8058:
8052:
8048:
8043:
8040:
8034:
8031:, Routledge,
8030:
8026:
8022:
8018:
8017:
8012:
8007:
8004:
7998:
7994:
7989:
7986:
7980:
7975:
7974:
7967:
7964:
7958:
7954:
7949:
7946:
7940:
7936:
7931:
7928:
7924:
7920:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7900:
7896:
7892:
7888:
7884:
7879:
7876:
7874:0-521-89361-5
7870:
7866:
7861:
7858:
7852:
7849:, Routledge,
7848:
7843:
7840:
7834:
7830:
7826:
7821:
7820:
7806:
7802:
7796:
7788:
7782:
7774:
7768:
7761:. 2 May 2013.
7760:
7756:
7750:
7742:
7738:
7734:
7728:
7720:
7716:
7712:
7706:
7692:, 4 June 2009
7691:
7687:
7681:
7666:
7662:
7661:Mebyon Kernow
7658:
7652:
7645:
7640:
7638:
7636:
7634:
7632:
7624:
7619:
7617:
7610:, p. 25.
7609:
7608:Tregidga 2000
7604:
7598:, p. 30.
7597:
7596:Tregidga 2000
7592:
7585:
7584:Tregidga 2000
7580:
7569:
7565:
7561:
7554:
7550:
7544:
7542:
7526:
7522:
7518:
7511:
7509:
7507:
7491:
7487:
7483:
7477:
7469:
7465:
7461:
7454:
7452:
7444:
7439:
7437:
7435:
7433:
7431:
7424:, p. 10.
7423:
7418:
7416:
7414:
7407:, p. 16.
7406:
7401:
7399:
7391:
7386:
7384:
7382:
7374:
7369:
7367:
7360:, p. 17.
7359:
7358:Tregidga 2000
7354:
7339:
7335:
7331:
7325:
7310:
7306:
7302:
7296:
7289:
7284:
7268:
7264:
7263:
7258:
7252:
7237:
7233:
7229:
7222:
7207:
7203:
7199:
7193:
7186:
7181:
7179:
7171:
7166:
7164:
7152:
7148:
7144:
7140:
7136:
7133:(81): 55–66.
7132:
7125:
7121:
7115:
7108:
7103:
7101:
7092:
7086:
7082:
7081:
7073:
7066:
7061:
7059:
7057:
7049:, 19 May 2008
7048:
7044:
7038:
7031:
7026:
7019:
7014:
7007:
7002:
6995:
6990:
6975:
6971:
6967:
6961:
6959:
6950:
6946:
6942:
6936:
6934:
6932:
6924:
6918:
6911:
6906:
6900:, p. 480
6899:
6894:
6888:, p. 44.
6887:
6886:Magnaghi 2008
6882:
6875:
6874:Magnaghi 2008
6870:
6863:
6858:
6856:
6846:
6843:
6842:
6838:
6831:
6826:
6824:
6822:
6814:
6809:
6807:
6805:
6796:
6792:
6788:
6782:
6775:
6770:
6768:
6760:
6755:
6753:
6751:
6735:
6732:, p. 3,
6731:
6727:
6721:
6719:
6717:
6709:
6704:
6696:
6692:
6691:
6690:New Statesman
6686:
6679:
6664:
6660:
6659:Mebyon Kernow
6656:
6650:
6648:
6640:
6635:
6628:
6623:
6616:
6611:
6604:
6603:Pittaway 2003
6599:
6597:
6589:
6584:
6582:
6574:
6569:
6567:
6558:
6554:
6553:
6545:
6543:
6541:
6539:
6531:
6526:
6524:
6522:
6520:
6518:
6510:
6505:
6503:
6487:
6483:
6482:
6477:
6471:
6469:
6461:
6456:
6449:
6444:
6442:
6440:
6432:
6431:Pittaway 2003
6427:
6421:, p. 64.
6420:
6415:
6413:
6411:
6403:
6398:
6396:
6394:
6386:
6381:
6379:
6377:
6370:, p. 26.
6369:
6364:
6357:
6352:
6350:
6342:
6337:
6335:
6327:
6322:
6315:
6310:
6303:
6298:
6296:
6294:
6286:
6281:
6279:
6277:
6275:
6265:
6250:
6246:
6245:
6240:
6234:
6227:
6222:
6214:
6210:
6206:
6200:
6198:
6196:
6194:
6186:
6181:
6179:
6172:, p. 16.
6171:
6166:
6159:
6154:
6147:
6142:
6134:
6133:
6128:
6122:
6114:
6108:
6104:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6084:
6077:
6072:
6061:
6057:
6053:
6050:(36): 42–78.
6049:
6045:
6038:
6031:
6023:
6022:
6017:
6011:
6004:
5999:
5997:
5989:
5984:
5977:
5972:
5966:, p. 157
5965:
5960:
5958:
5949:
5945:
5941:
5934:
5932:
5930:
5928:
5926:
5924:
5922:
5913:
5909:
5905:
5899:
5897:
5895:
5893:
5891:
5889:
5887:
5879:
5874:
5867:
5862:
5854:
5850:
5849:
5841:
5834:
5833:Cunliffe 2005
5829:
5822:
5817:
5811:
5805:
5799:
5793:
5786:
5785:
5780:
5774:
5767:
5766:0-7134-8839-5
5763:
5759:
5755:
5750:
5741:
5736:
5729:
5721:
5717:
5716:
5711:
5705:
5703:
5701:
5693:
5689:
5682:
5674:
5670:
5666:
5660:
5658:
5638:
5637:
5630:
5623:
5618:
5611:
5606:
5598:
5594:
5590:
5584:
5582:
5565:
5558:
5542:
5536:
5528:
5524:
5523:
5518:
5512:
5504:
5500:
5496:
5490:
5482:
5478:
5472:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5442:
5434:
5430:
5426:
5420:
5412:
5408:
5404:
5398:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5375:
5367:
5363:
5359:
5355:
5348:
5340:
5336:
5332:
5328:
5324:
5320:
5313:
5306:
5298:
5291:
5283:
5279:
5275:
5269:
5261:
5259:1-85359-660-4
5255:
5251:
5244:
5236:
5232:
5228:
5222:
5214:
5210:
5206:
5199:
5192:
5187:
5180:
5175:
5167:
5163:
5159:
5152:
5144:
5140:
5136:
5129:
5127:
5119:
5114:
5112:
5103:
5099:
5098:
5093:
5087:
5085:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5077:
5068:
5064:
5060:
5054:
5047:
5042:
5040:
5038:
5036:
5027:
5023:
5019:
5012:
5010:
5008:
5006:
4997:
4993:
4989:
4983:
4977:, p. 54.
4976:
4971:
4965:, p. 360
4964:
4959:
4957:
4955:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4943:
4933:
4926:
4925:Magnaghi 2008
4921:
4919:
4917:
4915:
4913:
4905:
4900:
4898:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4875:
4871:
4867:
4861:
4859:
4851:
4848:Ian Saltern,
4845:
4839:, p. 379
4838:
4833:
4831:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4823:
4821:
4819:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4807:
4805:
4803:
4801:
4799:
4790:
4786:
4782:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4746:
4742:
4741:
4736:
4730:
4723:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4706:
4701:
4694:
4689:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4677:
4668:
4664:
4660:
4654:
4646:
4642:
4641:
4633:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4611:
4609:
4607:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4592:
4586:
4570:
4566:
4562:
4555:
4539:
4535:
4531:
4527:
4520:
4509:
4505:
4498:
4491:
4476:
4472:
4471:
4464:
4462:
4460:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4436:
4432:
4431:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4412:
4402:
4400:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4371:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4342:
4340:
4320:
4314:
4312:
4304:
4299:
4297:
4288:
4281:
4275:
4259:
4253:
4251:
4249:
4232:
4226:
4224:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4200:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4178:
4174:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4135:
4128:
4124:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4110:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4073:, behind the
4072:
4068:
4065:, and in the
4064:
4059:
4055:
4054:Mebyon Kernow
4051:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4036:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3994:Liberal Party
3990:
3988:
3984:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3940:head of state
3937:
3933:
3929:
3921:
3917:
3912:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3870:
3868:
3863:
3859:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3839:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3814:
3810:
3806:
3798:
3794:
3789:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3746:
3745:Cornish pasty
3741:
3736:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3707:anglicisation
3704:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3638:
3628:
3626:
3625:Patrick Heron
3622:
3618:
3614:
3613:Ben Nicholson
3610:
3609:Alfred Wallis
3606:
3602:
3598:
3594:
3593:Bernard Leach
3591:
3587:
3586:
3581:
3580:Newlyn School
3577:
3576:Frank Bramley
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3552:natural light
3549:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3536:Royal Academy
3533:
3529:
3522:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3504:
3503:Cornish dance
3494:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3467:in Cornwall.
3466:
3462:
3457:
3453:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3423:
3418:
3417:
3411:
3407:
3406:national myth
3403:
3399:
3394:
3390:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3359:Academy Award
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3329:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3298:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3238:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3189:Anglo-Cornish
3184:
3174:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3117:Cornwall has
3115:
3113:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3091:Victorian era
3088:
3084:
3083:anglicisation
3080:
3076:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3055:
3045:
3043:
3038:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2994:United States
2991:
2989:
2985:
2984:Witwatersrand
2981:
2977:
2971:
2961:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2930:silver mining
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2890:silver mining
2886:
2881:
2880:White Mexican
2871:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2851:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2768:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2751:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2655:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2631:
2629:
2626:with its own
2625:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2607:Mebyon Kernow
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2587:Pan-Celticism
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2563:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2488:Edwardian era
2485:
2484:Victorian era
2481:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2449:
2448:steam engines
2445:
2441:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2411:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2394:enculturation
2391:
2387:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2364:of Brittany.
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2310:landed gentry
2307:
2306:
2305:lingua franca
2301:
2297:
2296:Andrew Boorde
2293:
2285:
2281:
2276:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2171:Domesday Book
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1974:petty kingdom
1971:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1894:
1893:
1887:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1876:Beaker People
1873:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1839:
1833:
1829:
1818:
1805:
1801:
1800:White Cornish
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1756:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1722:
1717:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1701:David Cameron
1697:
1694:
1689:
1686:
1681:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1653:Josh Matavesi
1650:
1646:
1643:prop for the
1642:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1551:Anglicisation
1548:
1544:
1540:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1499:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1463:Anglo-Cornish
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1435:anglicisation
1432:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1380:Celtic tribes
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1337:Great Britain
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1266:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1237:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1123:
1122:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
947:
942:
936:
935:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
899:
895:
889:
888:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
862:
858:
852:
851:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
810:
806:
800:
799:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
761:Christmas Day
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
726:Easter Monday
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
708:
704:
698:
697:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
661:
657:
651:
650:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
620:
616:
610:
609:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
575:
572:
571:
570:
567:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
548:
545:
544:
543:
540:
539:
535:
529:
528:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
505:British Mixed
503:
501:
500:British Arabs
498:
496:
493:
491:
490:Black British
488:
486:
485:Asian British
483:
481:
480:White British
478:
476:
475:
471:
470:
469:
468:
462:
459:
457:
454:
450:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
426:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
411:
410:
404:
398:
397:
388:
385:
384:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
356:
353:
352:
351:
348:
344:
341:
339:
336:
335:
334:
331:
330:
326:
320:
319:
315:
311:
310:
306:
302:
301:
297:
293:
292:
285:
281:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
247:
242:
238:
232:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:Anglo-Cornish
199:
194:
189:
186:
182:
179:
175:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
146:United States
144:
141:
137:
133:
127:
123:
119:
114:
109:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
86:
83:
79:
76:
75:
72:
68:
63:
59:
46:
42:
35:
30:
19:
11203:
11164:Celts portal
11122:– in Spanish
10957:Arran Gaelic
10878:Proto-Celtic
10846:Bungi Creole
10745:Celtic unity
10681:Independence
10480:
10463:
10287:Gaelic music
10223:Celtic Dress
10172:High crosses
10162:Celtic cross
10140:Bell shrines
10071:Irish annals
9853:Neo-Druidism
9848:Celtic Wicca
9819:Celtic union
9783:Modern Celts
9674:Celtic women
9577:Celtic Rites
9526:Transylvania
9386:Ulster Scots
9256:Anglo-Celtic
9165:
9103:Celtiberians
9048:
9040:
9032:
9020:modern Celts
8969:Ulster Scots
8858:
8724:
8699:
8681:
8663:
8645:
8637:
8622:
8600:
8581:
8562:
8543:
8525:
8522:Sykes, Bryan
8498:
8494:
8491:Stoyle, Mark
8472:
8462:
8440:
8421:
8403:
8385:
8367:
8349:
8331:
8313:
8292:
8271:
8253:
8235:
8217:
8196:
8177:
8158:
8137:
8125:
8122:Drew, Samuel
8100:
8082:
8064:
8046:
8028:
8015:
7992:
7972:
7952:
7934:
7890:
7886:
7864:
7846:
7829:Rough Guides
7824:
7804:
7795:
7781:
7767:
7758:
7749:
7736:
7727:
7714:
7705:
7694:, retrieved
7689:
7680:
7669:, retrieved
7660:
7651:
7644:Minahan 2002
7603:
7591:
7586:, p. 9.
7579:
7568:the original
7559:
7529:, retrieved
7520:
7494:, retrieved
7485:
7476:
7468:the original
7463:
7392:, p. 8.
7375:, p. 6.
7353:
7342:, retrieved
7338:the original
7333:
7324:
7313:, retrieved
7309:the original
7304:
7295:
7283:
7273:10 September
7271:, retrieved
7267:the original
7260:
7257:"Opie, John"
7251:
7242:10 September
7240:, retrieved
7236:the original
7231:
7221:
7212:10 September
7210:, retrieved
7201:
7192:
7151:the original
7130:
7114:
7109:, p. 1.
7079:
7072:
7046:
7037:
7025:
7013:
7006:Hechter 1999
7001:
6994:Minahan 2002
6989:
6978:, retrieved
6969:
6944:
6923:Our Cornwall
6922:
6917:
6910:Minahan 2002
6905:
6898:Minahan 2002
6893:
6881:
6876:, p. 1.
6869:
6844:
6837:
6790:
6781:
6759:Hempton 2006
6738:, retrieved
6729:
6703:
6688:
6678:
6667:, retrieved
6658:
6634:
6622:
6610:
6588:Minahan 2002
6557:the original
6551:
6530:Minahan 2000
6490:, retrieved
6486:the original
6479:
6460:MacLeod 2007
6455:
6448:MacLeod 2007
6426:
6419:Hechter 1999
6368:ZagorĂn 1982
6363:
6356:Pittock 1999
6321:
6309:
6264:
6253:, retrieved
6249:the original
6242:
6233:
6226:Daniell 1880
6221:
6208:
6187:, p. 6.
6170:Daniell 1880
6165:
6153:
6141:
6131:
6121:
6098:
6083:
6071:
6060:the original
6047:
6043:
6030:
6019:
6010:
6005:, p. 3.
5988:Stenton 1947
5983:
5971:
5943:
5907:
5880:, p. 2.
5873:
5861:
5853:the original
5847:
5840:
5828:
5816:
5804:
5792:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5760:. Batsford.
5753:
5749:
5728:
5714:
5710:Stoyle, Mark
5691:
5681:
5668:
5644:. Retrieved
5635:
5629:
5621:
5617:
5609:
5605:
5592:
5568:. Retrieved
5557:
5545:. Retrieved
5535:
5520:
5511:
5498:
5489:
5481:the original
5471:
5459:. Retrieved
5455:the original
5450:
5441:
5428:
5419:
5406:
5397:
5389:the original
5384:
5374:
5357:
5353:
5347:
5322:
5318:
5305:
5296:
5290:
5277:
5268:
5249:
5243:
5235:the original
5230:
5221:
5213:the original
5208:
5198:
5186:
5174:
5161:
5151:
5138:
5118:Magocsi 1999
5096:
5092:Stoyle, Mark
5067:the original
5062:
5053:
5021:
4991:
4982:
4970:
4932:
4878:. Retrieved
4869:
4849:
4844:
4837:Magocsi 1999
4784:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4739:
4729:
4720:Cornwall.—n.
4719:
4715:
4711:
4710:
4700:
4693:Minahan 2002
4667:the original
4662:
4653:
4645:the original
4639:
4632:
4619:
4573:. Retrieved
4564:
4554:
4542:. Retrieved
4538:the original
4533:
4529:
4519:
4508:the original
4503:
4490:
4479:, retrieved
4469:
4439:, retrieved
4429:
4379:
4370:
4360:30 September
4358:. Retrieved
4348:
4326:. Retrieved
4302:
4286:
4274:
4262:. Retrieved
4235:. Retrieved
4214:the original
4209:
4199:
4191:the original
4186:
4177:
4125:
4121:
4111:
4107:
4095:deliberative
4083:Independents
3998:Labour Party
3991:
3952:
3925:
3889:Duchy Palace
3888:
3860:
3842:
3802:
3768:Stargazy pie
3749:
3679:Saint Petroc
3644:
3585:en plein air
3583:
3582:of painting
3562:, including
3526:
3487:supernatural
3469:
3449:
3396:
3351:Jim Harrison
3346:
3345:
3330:
3300:
3297:Henry Jenner
3294:
3241:
3207:welcome sign
3127:Ancient Rome
3116:
3112:Our Cornwall
3111:
3072:
3039:
3030:Grass Valley
3003:
2973:
2964:South Africa
2946:yellow fever
2903:
2850:Newfoundland
2847:
2816:Irish people
2797:
2789:Copper Coast
2772:
2721:
2682:
2659:
2564:
2543:
2540:Henry Jenner
2524:
2504:resort towns
2477:
2437:
2414:Home Nations
2398:assimilation
2386:antiquarians
2366:
2344:against the
2314:coat of arms
2303:
2289:
2269:West Country
2224:Tudor period
2184:
2169:
2166:Anglo-Norman
2146:antiquarians
2119:
2058:
2054:
2048:
1997:Sack of Rome
1994:
1898:
1890:
1867:Anglo-Saxons
1860:
1803:
1799:
1762:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1729:
1719:A poster in
1698:
1690:
1682:
1676:
1662:A survey by
1661:
1637:Phil Vickery
1630:
1591:
1535:
1484:
1425:
1421:Anglo-Saxons
1357:
1313:ethnic group
1292:
1288:
1286:
1209:
1202:
1183:Coat of arms
1148:
1114:Gaelic games
1104:Rugby league
870:Scottish art
813:Christianity
736:Victoria Day
574:Ulster Scots
495:British Jews
472:
466:
465:
448:
408:
271:Welsh people
259:Irish people
237:Christianity
222:British Sign
217:
209:
184:South Africa
139:
134:) 467 (2011)
71:6–11 million
70:
50:Ethnic group
29:
11079:Trimarcisia
11064:GallĂłglaigh
10893:Celtiberian
10617:Isle of Man
10576:Nationalism
10465:Bataireacht
10384:Calan Gaeaf
10343:Isle of Man
10187:Leaf-crowns
10177:Insular art
10150:Dragonesque
10112:Isle of Man
9966:Nova Scotia
9919:Isle of Man
9843:Neopaganism
9587:Monasticism
9098:Caledonians
8944:Shetlanders
8939:Scots Gaels
8884:Hongkongers
8879:Guernésiais
8824:Anglo-Irish
8796:Anglosphere
8441:The Britons
8155:Jupp, James
7696:2 September
7671:2 September
7531:4 September
7496:2 September
7443:Harvey 2002
7315:31 December
7185:Steves 2007
7170:Thomas 2005
7018:Tanner 2006
6980:2 September
6669:2 September
6509:Cubitt 1998
6492:1 September
6385:Tanner 2006
6341:Tanner 2006
6326:Tanner 2006
6285:Cooper 2003
6076:Thomas 2005
6024:, July 2008
6003:Thomas 2005
5964:Snyder 2003
5866:Snyder 2003
5821:Snyder 2003
5570:20 December
5547:20 December
5191:Irvine 2003
5179:Thomas 2005
4975:Payton 1999
4904:Snyder 2003
4544:16 February
4264:20 December
4237:20 December
4103:council tax
4099:legislative
4002:regionalism
3967:Westminster
3904: 1265
3893:Lostwithiel
3838:Alan Gibson
3829:rugby union
3776:saffron bun
3711:John Wesley
3703:Anglicanism
3667:Priscillian
3615:, his wife
3410:King Arthur
3282:monolingual
3155:county flag
3139:Perranporth
3123:Saint Piran
3107:brass bands
2916:with 1,500
2912:in central
2859:the Canadas
2674:plantations
2548:orthography
2482:during the
2158:sovereignty
2067:River Tamar
1899:Throughout
1732:2011 census
1725:2011 census
1641:rugby union
1555:A. L. Rowse
1441:during the
1413:Old English
1358:Throughout
1309:Cornƿīelisċ
1305:Old English
1099:Rugby union
865:English art
818:No religion
746:The Twelfth
721:Good Friday
596:Angloromani
520:Other White
263:Manx people
177:New Zealand
11210:Categories
11142:– in Italy
11044:Ceathairne
10908:Gallaecian
10538:Road bowls
10443:Eisteddfod
10411:Calan Awst
10407:Lughnasadh
10013:Literature
9876:definition
9699:Clan chief
9486:Roman Gaul
9477:Hen Ogledd
9203:including
9185:including
8849:Caymanians
8839:Bermudians
8829:Anguillans
7422:Clegg 2005
7120:Hay, Denys
7030:Ellis 1974
6639:Ellis 1974
6627:Ellis 1974
6615:Ellis 1974
6402:Price 2000
5976:Smyth 1998
5141:. London.
5024:, London,
4164:References
4022:separatism
4014:devolution
3819:, and the
3691:high cross
3635:See also:
3599:, and the
3590:ceramicist
3554:, such as
3544:Caravaggio
3387:See also:
3187:See also:
3026:California
2968:See also:
2926:short tons
2892:museum in
2878:See also:
2863:Royal Navy
2842:See also:
2763:Waukaringa
2748:See also:
2737:Protestant
2619:devolution
2475:in Wales.
2469:Penydarren
2428:pan-Celtic
2408:See also:
2388:, such as
2253:St Keverne
1872:Bronze Age
1851:MĂŞn-an-Tol
1836:See also:
1602:devolution
1506:See also:
1392:post-Roman
1229:Tudor rose
1156:Stonehenge
1109:Ice hockey
1032:Television
894:Literature
766:Boxing Day
73:worldwide
18:Cornishmen
11074:Redshanks
11049:Ceithearn
10777:Brittonic
10769:Languages
10402:Calan Mai
10393:Gŵyl Fair
10367:Festivals
10182:Interlace
9606:Mythology
9597:Practices
9509:Gallaecia
9123:Galatians
8919:Orcadians
8515:162279176
7147:257295999
6830:Jupp 2001
6813:Jupp 2001
6774:Jupp 2001
6314:Wood 2007
6185:Orme 2000
6091:(2017). "
5878:Orme 2000
5646:6 January
5339:155290393
4756:adjective
4328:6 January
4169:Citations
3848:grappling
3772:pilchards
3764:pilchards
3715:Methodism
3683:Glywysing
3655:animistic
3621:Naum Gabo
3548:Velázquez
3542:as "like
3532:John Opie
3456:smugglers
3371:Brad Pitt
3365:starring
3290:Mousehole
3248:Brythonic
3217:languages
3131:Irish Sea
3018:Ishpeming
2922:long tons
2812:Methodism
2773:From the
2744:Australia
2733:Methodism
2678:Caribbean
2536:ethnology
2508:bungalows
2377:Royalists
2152:had held
2059:Cornwalas
2055:Westwalas
1941:Deceangli
1929:Ordovices
1925:Brigantes
1633:political
1579:Restormel
1439:attrition
1428:Brythonic
1378:were the
1311:) are an
1301:Kernowyon
1211:In Defens
1198:Britannia
1127:Monuments
880:Irish art
875:Welsh art
703:Festivals
615:Mythology
534:Languages
191:Languages
157:1,000,000
154:Australia
58:Kernowyon
11198:Cornwall
11059:Gaesatae
10950:dialects
10913:Lepontic
10903:Galatian
10805:Goidelic
10655:Autonomy
10570:Politics
10523:Rounders
10375:Calendar
10348:Scotland
10333:Cornwall
10328:Brittany
10216:Clothing
10167:Knotwork
10145:Brooches
10117:Scotland
10102:Cornwall
10097:Brittany
9976:Y Wladfa
9931:Scotland
9895:Cornwall
9883:Brittany
9734:SeanchaĂ
9729:Tanistry
9689:Derbfine
9618:Scottish
9504:Brittany
9500:Domnonée
9496:Armorica
9491:Britonia
9473:Dumnonia
9448:Dálriata
9133:Lepontii
9128:Helvetii
9113:Gallaeci
8894:Jersiais
8621:(2008),
8524:(2006),
8461:(1947),
8312:(1999),
8291:(2000),
8216:(1999),
8157:(2001),
8140:, Hart,
8136:(2003),
8124:(1824),
8027:(1974),
7741:archived
7737:BBC News
7719:archived
7665:archived
7525:archived
7521:BBC News
7490:archived
7344:1 August
7206:archived
7122:(1958).
7047:BBC News
6974:archived
6949:archived
6945:BBC News
6841:Source:
6795:archived
6734:archived
6730:BBC News
6695:archived
6663:archived
6213:archived
6129:(1769).
5948:archived
5912:archived
5720:archived
5673:BBC Four
5665:Dan Snow
5597:Archived
5593:BBC News
5527:Archived
5503:Archived
5461:20 April
5433:Archived
5429:BBC News
5411:Archived
5407:BBC News
5282:Archived
5278:BBC News
5166:Archived
5143:Archived
5102:archived
5026:archived
4996:archived
4992:BBC News
4880:20 April
4874:Archived
4789:Archived
4753:Corâ‹…nish
4745:archived
4737:(2004),
4624:archived
4620:BBC News
4585:cite web
4575:28 April
4569:Archived
4475:archived
4435:archived
4390:archived
4388:, 2016,
4354:Archived
4131:See also
4039:devolved
3979:Edward I
3942:and the
3906:to 1874.
3631:Religion
3564:Whistler
3491:cave-ins
3479:knockers
3361:winning
3275:and the
3211:Penzance
3177:Language
3006:lead ore
2942:Santa Fe
2938:Veracruz
2924:; 1,700
2906:Falmouth
2832:Wallaroo
2717:Teesside
2617:. Since
2581:and the
2330:Anglican
2154:devolved
2045:Germanic
2037:Scotland
1978:Brittany
1953:Dumnonia
1949:Cornovii
1945:Dumnonii
1939:and the
1721:Cornwall
1677:national
1443:medieval
1384:Iron Age
1376:Cornovii
1372:Dumnonii
1317:Cornwall
1193:Monarchy
838:Buddhism
828:Hinduism
805:Religion
716:Hogmanay
669:Scottish
632:Scotland
619:folklore
552:Scotland
434:Scottish
419:Germanic
296:a series
294:Part of
229:Religion
132:Scotland
11112:Deities
11069:Hobelar
11031:Warfare
10994:Warfare
10928:Pictish
10923:Cumbric
10898:Gaulish
10870:Extinct
10790:Cornish
10588:history
10533:Hurling
10507:Ladies'
10498:Curling
10471:Camogie
10398:Beltane
10380:Samhain
10338:Ireland
10107:Ireland
10002:Culture
9971:England
9907:Ireland
9865:Nations
9764:Coinage
9754:Warfare
9647:Society
9638:Cornish
9628:British
9531:Galatia
9521:Balkans
9429:Studies
9166:Cornish
9161:Bretons
9138:Noricum
9093:Britons
9066:Peoples
8864:English
8859:Cornish
8013:(ed.),
7927:4080467
7895:Bibcode
7816:Sources
5781:(2016)
5735:bioRxiv
4740:Cornish
4712:Cornish
4289:. 2010.
4112:In the
3946:is the
3867:Newquay
3862:Surfing
3729:Cuisine
3597:St Ives
3568:Sickert
3521:Padstow
3483:piskies
3452:pirates
3440:Trojans
3215:Cornish
3133:by the
3048:Culture
2920:(1,500
2804:Kapunda
2697:Bolivia
2676:of the
2467:of the
2465:tramway
2362:Bretons
2320:, King
2176:charter
2130:Normans
1937:Silures
1933:Demetae
1917:Britons
1811:History
1606:English
1587:Caradon
1575:Carrick
1571:Kerrier
1567:Penwith
1530:Cornish
1396:demonym
1349:British
1345:English
1329:Bretons
1297:Cornish
1293:Cornish
1224:Thistle
1170:Symbols
833:Judaism
756:Samhain
731:May Day
679:Cornish
664:English
656:Cuisine
627:England
591:Cornish
562:Ireland
547:England
542:English
449:Cornish
429:English
424:British
325:History
251:Bretons
235:Mainly
214:Cornish
208:)
198:English
122:England
11184:Portal
11107:Tribes
11054:Fianna
10841:Shelta
10785:Breton
10605:status
10543:Shinty
10518:Gouren
10482:Cnapan
10476:Cammag
10389:Imbolc
10312:Carnyx
10238:Tartan
10157:Carnyx
9924:Mannin
9900:Kernow
9888:Breizh
9758:Gaelic
9714:Fáinne
9659:Brehon
9633:Breton
9582:Druids
9436:Places
9143:Volcae
9088:Belgae
9049:·
9047:
9041:·
9039:
9033:·
9031:
8706:
8688:
8670:
8652:
8629:
8608:
8588:
8570:
8550:
8532:
8513:
8480:
8448:
8428:
8410:
8392:
8374:
8356:
8338:
8320:
8299:
8278:
8260:
8242:
8224:
8203:
8185:
8165:
8144:
8107:
8089:
8071:
8053:
8035:
7999:
7981:
7959:
7941:
7925:
7915:
7887:Nature
7871:
7853:
7835:
7562:(22),
7145:
7087:
6740:5 July
6255:3 July
6109:
5779:et al.
5764:
5737:
5337:
5256:
4852:, 2011
4481:1 July
4441:1 July
4097:, and
4028:, the
3963:equity
3687:Gaelic
3659:Druids
3475:buccas
3428:. The
3195:, and
3143:Gospel
3034:carols
2918:tonnes
2914:Mexico
2898:Mexico
2874:Mexico
2838:Canada
2828:Moonta
2824:Kadina
2575:tartan
2546:. His
2512:villas
2358:Exeter
2350:Bodmin
2197:, and
2187:nobles
2142:Condor
2134:shires
2041:Wessex
2029:Saxons
2025:Frisii
2017:Angles
2015:. The
1990:saints
1961:Romans
1955:. The
1935:, the
1931:, the
1657:Fijian
1532:flags.
1514:, and
1498:form.
1368:tribes
1037:Cinema
791:VE Day
414:Celtic
403:People
387:Brexit
298:on the
218:·
216:
210:·
170:Mexico
162:Canada
11097:Lists
10918:Noric
10833:Mixed
10813:Irish
10795:Welsh
10459:Bando
10452:Sport
10353:Wales
10269:Music
10202:Torcs
10192:Mazes
10122:Wales
9948:Cymru
9943:Wales
9826:Music
9749:Vates
9744:TĂşath
9694:Druid
9623:Welsh
9613:Irish
9199:Scots
9181:Irish
9176:Gaels
9171:Welsh
9118:Gauls
9108:Gaels
9079:Names
9051:
9043:
9035:
9016:Celts
8974:Welsh
8934:Scots
8511:S2CID
7923:S2CID
7571:(PDF)
7556:(PDF)
7154:(PDF)
7143:S2CID
7127:(PDF)
6063:(PDF)
6040:(PDF)
5640:(PDF)
5335:S2CID
5315:(PDF)
4511:(PDF)
4500:(PDF)
4322:(PDF)
4283:(PDF)
4056:is a
4044:—the
3987:Truro
3916:Truro
3899:from
3782:Sport
3756:pasty
3651:pagan
3605:naive
3444:Wales
2808:Burra
2585:. As
2579:kilts
2342:Devon
2334:Latin
2328:, an
2284:shift
2195:duchy
2180:Truro
2156:semi-
2084:Wales
2072:Devon
2050:walha
2047:word
2021:Jutes
1913:Gaels
1909:Picts
1880:Devon
1863:Celts
1618:Welsh
1614:Scots
1543:Welsh
1526:Union
1465:) or
1404:Scots
1388:Roman
1325:Welsh
1051:Sport
1027:Radio
1019:Media
941:Music
823:Islam
674:Welsh
637:Wales
586:Welsh
569:Scots
557:Wales
456:Irish
439:Welsh
220:
212:
165:1,975
126:Wales
10992:and
10818:Manx
10705:and
9936:Alba
9912:Éire
9831:Rock
9739:Sept
9719:Fili
9654:Bard
9452:Alba
9194:Manx
9018:and
8899:Manx
8704:ISBN
8686:ISBN
8668:ISBN
8650:ISBN
8627:ISBN
8606:ISBN
8586:ISBN
8568:ISBN
8548:ISBN
8530:ISBN
8478:ISBN
8446:ISBN
8426:ISBN
8408:ISBN
8390:ISBN
8372:ISBN
8354:ISBN
8336:ISBN
8318:ISBN
8297:ISBN
8276:ISBN
8258:ISBN
8240:ISBN
8222:ISBN
8201:ISBN
8183:ISBN
8163:ISBN
8142:ISBN
8105:ISBN
8087:ISBN
8069:ISBN
8051:ISBN
8033:ISBN
7997:ISBN
7979:ISBN
7957:ISBN
7939:ISBN
7913:ISBN
7869:ISBN
7851:ISBN
7833:ISBN
7698:2009
7673:2009
7533:2009
7498:2009
7346:2007
7317:2007
7275:2009
7244:2009
7214:2009
7085:ISBN
6982:2009
6742:2009
6671:2009
6494:2009
6257:2009
6107:ISBN
5762:ISBN
5648:2023
5572:2022
5549:2022
5463:2012
5254:ISBN
4882:2012
4591:link
4577:2018
4546:2017
4483:2009
4443:2009
4362:2009
4330:2023
4266:2022
4239:2022
3981:and
3975:John
3926:The
3649:, a
3639:and
3623:and
3574:and
3566:and
3546:and
3515:The
3505:and
3481:and
3454:and
3420:, a
3404:, a
3391:and
3288:, a
3242:The
3167:fĂŞte
3105:and
2974:The
2908:for
2830:and
2806:and
2695:and
2565:The
2510:and
2490:and
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