294:'invention of tradition' is a splendidly subversive phrase", but it "hides serious ambiguities". Hobsbawm "contrasts invented traditions with what he calls 'the strength and adaptability of genuine traditions'. But where does his 'adaptability', or his colleague Ranger's 'flexibility' end, and invention begin? Given that all traditions change, is it possible or useful to attempt to discriminate the 'genuine' antiques from the fakes?" Another also praised the high quality of the articles but had qualifications. "Such distinctions" (between invented and authentic traditions) "resolve themselves ultimately into one between the genuine and the spurious, a distinction that may be untenable because all traditions (like all symbolic phenomena) are humanly created ('spurious') rather than naturally given ('genuine')." Pointing out that "invention entails assemblage, supplementation, and rearrangement of cultural practices so that in effect traditions can be preserved, invented, and reconstructed",
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161:" is often itself invented. The concept is "highly relevant to that comparatively recent historical innovation, the 'nation', with its associated phenomena: nationalism, the nation-state, national symbols, histories, and the rest." Hobsbawm and Ranger remark on the "curious but understandable paradox: modern nations and all their impedimenta generally claim to be the opposite of novel, namely rooted in remotest antiquity, and the opposite of constructed, namely human communities so 'natural' as to require no definition other than self-assertion." The concept of
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originated as lumber company advertising. Dorson had seen the effect of print sources on orally transmitted Paul Bunyan stories as a form of cross-contamination that "hopelessly muddied the lore". For Olson, however, "the point is that I personally was exposed to Paul Bunyan in the genre of a living oral tradition, not of lumberjacks (of which there are precious few remaining), but of the present people of the area." What was fakelore had become folklore again.
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real thing was often "repetitive, clumsy, meaningless and obscene". He contrasted the genuine Paul Bunyan tales, which had been so full of technical logging terms that outsiders would find parts of them difficult to understand, with the commercialized versions, which sounded more like children's books. The original Paul Bunyan had been shrewd and sometimes ignoble; one story told how he cheated his men out of their pay.
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102:. Hobsbawm's introduction argues that many "traditions" which "appear or claim to be old are often quite recent in origin and sometimes invented." This "invention" is distinguished from "starting" or "initiating" a tradition that does not then claim to be old. The phenomenon is particularly clear in the modern development of the nation and of
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The articles in the volume include Hugh Trevor-Roper's "The invention of tradition: the
Highland tradition of Scotland," Prys Morgan's "From a death to a view: the hunt for the Welsh past in the romantic period," David Cannadine's "The context, performance, and meaning of ritual: the British monarchy
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region of North
America, William B. Laughead (1882–1958), an ad writer working for the Red River Lumber Company, invented many of the stories about him that are known today. According to Dorson, advertisers and popularizers turned Bunyan into a "pseudo folk hero of twentieth-century mass culture" who
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is often used by those who seek to expose or debunk modern reworkings of folklore, including Dorson himself, who spoke of a "battle against fakelore". Dorson complained that popularizers had sentimentalized folklore, stereotyping the people who created it as quaint and whimsical – whereas the
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is lore (or activities, documents, etc) falsely presented as if it were genuinely traditional. The term can refer to new stories or songs made up, or to folklore that is reworked and modified for modern tastes. The element of misrepresentation is central; artists who draw on traditional stories in
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story by the writer Owen
Francis. He was a literal man of steel who made rails from molten metal with his bare hands; he refused an opportunity to marry to devote himself to working 24 hours a day, worked so hard that the mill had to shut down, and finally, in despair at enforced idleness, melted
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also refers to the invention or adaptation of folklore. Unlike fakelore, however, folklorismus is not necessarily misleading; it includes any use of a tradition outside the cultural context in which it was created. The term was first used in the early 1960s by German scholars, who were primarily
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was a compliment, then laughed and talked to each other in their own language, which he did not speak. The word actually means "donkey" in
Croatian, and is an insult. Since no trace of the existence of Joe Magarac stories prior to 1931 has been discovered, Francis's informants may have made the
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Others have argued that professionally created art and folklore are constantly influencing each other and that this mutual influence should be studied rather than condemned. For example, Jon Olson, a professor of anthropology, reported that while growing up he heard Paul Bunyan stories that had
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are cultural practices that are presented or perceived as traditional, arising from people starting in the distant past, but which are relatively recent and often consciously invented by historical actors. The concept was highlighted in the 1983 book
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and the 'invention of tradition', c. 1820-1977," Bernard S. Cohen's "Representing authority in
Victorian India," Terence Ranger's "The invention of tradition in colonial Africa," and Eric Hobsbawm's "Mass-producing traditions: Europe, 1870-1914."
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266:, had been turned into a mouthpiece for capitalists: "This is an example of the way in which a traditional symbol has been used to manipulate the minds of people who had nothing to do with its creation."
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Responding to his opponents' argument that the writers have the same claim as the original folk storytellers, Dorson writes that the difference amounts to the difference between traditional culture and
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Gilley, Jennifer; Stephen
Burnett (November 1998). "Deconstructing and Reconstructing Pittsburgh's Man of Steel: Reading Joe Magarac against the Context of the 20th-Century Steel Industry".
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Ball, John; George Herzog; Thelma James; Louis C. Jones; Melville J. Herskovits; Wm. Hugh Jansen; Richard M. Dorson; Alvin W. Wolfe; Daniel G. Hoffman (1959). "Discussion from the Floor".
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character up as a joke on him. In 1998, Gilley and
Burnett reported "only tentative signs that the Magarac story has truly made a substantive transformation from 'fake-' into 'folklore
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their work are not producing fakelore unless they claim that their creations are real folklore. Over the last decades the term has generally fallen out of favor in
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proposed that a more accurate term would be "reinvention of tradition", signifying "a creative process involving renewal, reinterpretation and revision".
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513:– a belief that a "new tribe" will inherit the ways of the Native Americans and save the planet – as an example of fakelore.
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Inoue Shun, "The
Invention of the Martial Arts: Kanō Jigorō and Kōdōkan Judo", pp. 163-173 in Stephen Vlastos (ed.).
106:, creating a national identity promoting national unity, and legitimising certain institutions or cultural practices.
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The
Highland Myth as an Invented Tradition of 18th and 19th Century and Its Significance for the Image of Scotland
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himself down in the mill's furnace to improve the quality of the steel. Francis said he heard this story from
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provided a sanitized Bunyan with a "spirit of gargantuan whimsy reflects no actual mood of lumberjacks".
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as fakelore. Although Bunyan originated as a character in traditional tales told by loggers in the
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American
Folklore: An Encyclopedia, ed. Jan Harold Brunvand, Taylor & Francis, 1996, p. 1105
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The Bible and Zionism: Invented Traditions, Archaeology and Post-Colonialism in Palestine-Israel
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According to Newall, 133, the German folklorist Hermann Bausinger expressed a similar view.
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because it places an emphasis on origin instead of practice to determine authenticity.
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this article does not cite a wide enough variety of sources to be properly informative.
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Newall, Venetia J. (1987). "The Adaptation of Folklore and Tradition (Folklorismus)".
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In addition to Paul Bunyan and Pecos Bill, Dorson identified the American folk hero
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777:"The Invention of Taekwondo Tradition, 1945–1972: When Mythology becomes 'History'"
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characters, and even academic studies of folklore are all forms of folklorism.
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505:. Marshall Fishwick describes these largely literary figures as imitations of
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Remembering the Year of the French Irish Folk History and Social Memory
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Fishwick, Marshall W. (1959). "Sons of Paul: Folklore or Fakelore?".
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Kendirbaeva, Gulnar (1994). "Folklore and Folklorism in Kazakhstan".
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are an example of an invented tradition created in the 19th century.
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237:. However, professional art based on folklore, TV commercials with
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1240:. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 272.
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Other American folk heroes that have been called fakelore include
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Anderson, Benedict. "The origins of national consciousness".
637:"Modern Pagan Festivals: A Study in the Nature of Tradition"
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The concept has been applied to cultural phenomena such as
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1022:
Dorson, Richard M. (1963). "Current Folklore Theories".
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Dorson, Richard M. (1973). "Is Folklore a Discipline?".
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Mirror of Modernity: Invented Traditions of Modern Japan
453:, Pennsylvania; he reported that they told him the word
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Professionalization and institutionalization of history
509:. Additionally, scholar Michael I. Niman describes the
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Indeed, the sharp distinction between "tradition" and "
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Heroic theory of invention and scientific development
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in his article "Folklore and Fake Lore" published in
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Recently invented cultural practices perceived as old
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Awareness in Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe
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Nationalism: Critical Concepts in Political Science
5140:Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
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827:. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
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874:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p.
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2607:Perspectives on capitalism by school of thought
849:Hobsbawm & Terence Ranger (1983), p. 13-14.
587:Hobsbawm, Eric; Ranger, Terence, eds. (1983).
586:
6188:Ecclesiastical history of the Catholic Church
6058:Western European colonialism and colonization
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380:The examples and perspective in this article
142:. It has influenced related concepts such as
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1367:Cornelius Holtorf (University of Toronto),
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202:. Dorson's examples included the fictional
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731:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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335:. Please do not remove this message until
209:, who was presented as a folk hero of the
192:was coined in 1950 by American folklorist
45:needs attention from an expert in religion
5243:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1857:Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder
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418:Learn how and when to remove this message
355:Learn how and when to remove this message
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233:interested in the use of folklore by the
226:bore little resemblance to the original.
6462:Historical geographic information system
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331:Relevant discussion may be found on the
213:but was actually invented by the writer
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1341:People of the Rainbow: A Nomadic Utopia
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6102:English historical school of economics
4154:Historical Series of the Bank of Italy
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1189:"Review of The Invention of Tradition"
1150:"Review of The Invention of Tradition"
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55:may be able to help recruit an expert.
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6137:Historical reliability of the Gospels
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1845:Right-wing authoritarian personality
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5185:Functionalism–intentionalism debate
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1100:Olson, Jon (1976). "Film Reviews".
615:Hobsbawm & Ranger (1983), p. 1.
110:Application of the term and paradox
24:
6198:Hermeneutics of Vatican Council II
4142:Fourth Italian War of Independence
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635:Hutton, Ronald (3 November 2008).
434:as fakelore. Magarac, a fictional
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5337:Palestinian expulsion and flight
3849:5000-year civilization assertion
3425:Nadir of American race relations
1263:The Journal of American Folklore
775:Moenig, Udo; Kim, Minho (2016).
705:The Invention of World Religions
371:
310:
122:in Scotland, the traditions of
34:
6326:Protestant Ethic and Capitalism
5200:Pope Pius XII and the Holocaust
5135:Soviets and the Warsaw Uprising
4942:Causes of the Armenian genocide
3251:Pyramid construction techniques
2818:Comparative historical research
2735:
2436:Library and information science
1298:
1289:
1254:
1227:
1180:
1141:
1093:
1058:
1015:
980:
843:
830:
749:. London; New York: Zed Books.
6338:Gunpowder and gun transmission
6288:Religionsgeschichtliche Schule
6097:Historical school of economics
6034:Nationalism in the Middle Ages
5472:Gunpowder and gun transmission
5346:Zionism as settler colonialism
4351:Limpieza de sangre controversy
3318:Metropolitan-hinterland thesis
1840:Authoritarian leadership style
1403:
817:
768:
739:
696:
647:(3). Taylor Francis: 251–273.
618:
609:
595:. Cambridge University Press.
580:
511:Legend of the Rainbow Warriors
438:, first appeared in 1931 in a
217:in 1923. Dorson also regarded
13:
1:
6517:Political science terminology
6147:Opposition to Papal supremacy
5523:
3335:Indigenous population history
1745:Social construction of gender
1345:University of Tennessee Press
1205:10.1525/aa.1984.86.4.02a00380
1154:The English Historical Review
1001:10.1080/0015587x.1973.9716514
931:10.1080/0015587x.1987.9716408
573:
6063:Desacralization of knowledge
4334:Carlism in the Francoist era
4302:Holodomor in modern politics
2971:
1740:Rally 'round the flag effect
1369:"The Invention of Tradition"
1067:Journal of American Folklore
676:Sievers, Marco (2007–2010).
281:
165:is also often questionable.
7:
6455:Historiographic metafiction
6419:
6365:Organizations, publications
6154:Proto-orthodox Christianity
5104:German resistance to Nazism
4960:Persian famine of 1917–1919
4370:Islamic revolution of Spain
4297:Holodomor genocide question
4173:Revisionism of Risorgimento
4167:Rerum italicarum scriptores
4148:Historiae Patriae Monumenta
3915:Self-Strengthening Movement
3065:decolonization of knowledge
1943:Asch conformity experiments
1660:Identification (psychology)
866:Dorson, Richard M. (1977).
794:10.18399/acta.2016.19.2.006
709:University of Chicago Press
516:
394:, discuss the issue on the
337:conditions to do so are met
47:. The specific problem is:
10:
6568:
6252:Wissenschaft des Judentums
6229:Criticism of Protestantism
5109:Nazi foreign policy debate
4540:Second colonial occupation
4287:Soviet famine of 1930–1933
3925:Tibetan sovereignty debate
3469:Progressive-era historians
2904:Nationalization of history
2855:Historical-critical method
1958:Stanford prison experiment
1700:Normative social influence
591:The Invention of Tradition
449:immigrant steelworkers in
92:The Invention of Tradition
6474:
6425:
6414:
6370:
6359:
6308:
6112:
6071:
6002:
5991:
5847:
5533:
5529:
5518:
5490:
5459:
5423:
5317:
5271:
5257:Second Sino-Japanese War
5235:
5165:
5117:
5079:
5039:
4915:
4737:
4656:
4632:
4591:
4580:
4556:
4454:
4421:
4312:
4236:
4193:
4134:
4099:
4071:
4062:Vergangenheitsbewältigung
4006:
3933:
3839:
3767:
3481:
3410:
3343:
3305:
3238:
3234:
3223:
3048:
2981:
2977:
2966:
2743:
2730:
2557:
2424:
2386:
2382:
2369:
2246:
2220:
2216:
2203:
2136:
1966:
1935:
1907:Normalization of deviance
1869:
1835:Authoritarian personality
1827:
1587:
1544:
1418:
1411:
1187:Handler, Richard (1984).
703:Masuzawa, Tomoko (2005).
654:10.1080/00155870802352178
6012:Crisis of historiography
5175:Auschwitz bombing debate
4861:Indian Rebellion of 1857
4712:Late Bronze Age collapse
4646:List of military museums
4249:Pre-Revolutionary Russia
4221:Polish People's Republic
4056:Sybel-Ficker controversy
3420:African-American history
3393:Colonial Spanish America
3182:Second Thirty Years' War
1917:Preference falsification
1339:Niman, Michael I. 1997.
5125:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
4984:Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
4535:Porter–MacKenzie debate
4292:Causes of the Holodomor
3829:Problem of two emperors
3777:Catilinarian conspiracy
3004:Historical significance
2865:Indiscipline of history
2840:Historical anthropology
1579:Tyranny of the majority
1193:American Anthropologist
907:Dorson (1977), 214–226.
6532:Social constructionism
6219:Protestant Reformation
6193:Second Vatican Council
6171:Succession to Muhammad
6166:Criticism of the Quran
5917:Religious perspectives
5651:Klemens von Metternich
5248:"Battle for Australia"
5130:Soviet offensive plans
5099:Broad vs. narrow front
4938:Late Ottoman genocides
3871:Century of humiliation
3652:Goguryeo controversies
3630:2,500-year celebration
3288:Double genocide theory
3075:Historical negationism
2899:Ancestral civilisation
2887:Historical materialism
2845:Historical determinism
2795:History of mentalities
1882:Communal reinforcement
1635:False consensus effect
954:Asian Folklore Studies
245:Connection to folklore
83:
6537:Sociological theories
6343:Torsion mangonel myth
6246:Modern Jewish history
6241:Jesuit historiography
6234:Protestant work ethic
6214:Hesychast controversy
6079:Industrial Revolution
6029:Library of Alexandria
5947:The Lord of the Rings
5597:Constantine the Great
5477:Torsion mangonel myth
5409:Sri Lankan Civil War
4488:Storm over the gentry
4389:Colonies or Provinces
3920:Sprouts of capitalism
2994:Historic preservation
2989:Change and continuity
1986:Anti-social behaviour
1981:Anti-authoritarianism
1720:Pluralistic ignorance
1567:National conservatism
1562:Left-wing nationalism
1545:Governmental pressure
1148:Burke, Peter (1986).
840:1 (2000): 316, p. 37.
136:Japanese martial arts
77:
6430:Commemorative plaque
5646:Juan Manuel de Rosas
5094:"Blitzkrieg" concept
4965:Powder keg of Europe
4840:Franco-Prussian War
4510:Winter of Discontent
4493:Suffragette Campaign
4160:Italiani brava gente
4126:Revolutionary period
3948:Frankish Interregnum
3881:"Chineseness" debate
3814:Byzantine succession
3799:Fall of Western Rome
3740:Executed Renaissance
3229:By country or region
3173:Age of Enlightenment
3147:Vaticinium ex eventu
3094:Modernisation theory
2928:Quantitative history
2304:Historical documents
1948:Breaching experiment
1735:Operant conditioning
1680:Mere exposure effect
1234:Beiner, Guy (2007).
1024:Current Anthropology
745:Nur Masalha (2007).
400:create a new article
392:improve this article
382:may not represent a
302:Examples of fakelore
262:said that Bunyan, a
199:The American Mercury
148:imagined communities
53:WikiProject Religion
6259:Schools of thought
6224:Proto-Protestantism
6093:School of Thoughts
5975:William Shakespeare
5960:Robert Falcon Scott
5865:Friedrich Nietzsche
5703:Cult of personality
5688:Neville Chamberlain
5548:Alexander the Great
5430:Russo-Georgian War
5403:Sovereignty dispute
5382:Iranian Revolution
5212:"Polish death camp"
5189:In relation to the
4898:Myth of English aid
4889:War of the Pacific
4666:Albigensian Crusade
4091:Indigenous Aryanism
3787:Constantinian shift
3323:Residential schools
3080:Historian's fallacy
2999:Historic recurrence
2497:Numismatics (Money)
2269:Archaeological site
2193:theories of history
1828:Individual pressure
1705:Passing (sociology)
1640:Fear of missing out
1605:Closure (sociology)
1519:Enemy of the people
441:Scribner's Magazine
324:of this section is
128:Korean martial arts
87:Invented traditions
78:"Ancient" Scottish
6450:Historical realism
6445:Historical fiction
6390:History institutes
6380:Historical society
6375:Heritage registers
6263:Biblical criticism
6176:Islamic golden age
6127:Early Christianity
6007:Bears in antiquity
5895:Medieval Christian
5693:Pedro II of Brazil
5641:José de San Martín
5445:Syrian revolution
5357:Malayan Emergency
5332:1948 Palestine war
5065:Spanish Civil War
5015:War guilt question
4824:American Civil War
4804:Invasion of Russia
4780:New Russian School
4564:Colonial Australia
4280:October Revolution
4043:Strukturgeschichte
3979:Location of Alésia
3898:Hua–Yi distinction
3819:Moscow, third Rome
3435:Reconstruction era
3256:Black Egypt Thesis
3178:European Civil War
3134:Translatio imperii
3089:Invented tradition
2210:Historical sources
1996:Civil disobedience
1953:Milgram experiment
1892:Creeping normality
1794:Social integration
1730:Psychosocial issue
1670:Invented tradition
1524:Enemy of the state
538:Imagined community
215:Edward S. O'Reilly
84:
6504:
6503:
6470:
6469:
6410:
6409:
6355:
6354:
6351:
6350:
6268:Catholic theology
6122:Avestan geography
5987:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5970:Søren Kierkegaard
5843:
5842:
5754:Warren G. Harding
5514:
5513:
5510:
5509:
5313:
5312:
5191:Armenian genocide
5054:Polish–Soviet War
5049:Burning of Smyrna
5035:
5034:
5025:Reichstag inquiry
4948:Patriotic consent
4819:
4818:
4794:War in the Vendée
4758:French Revolution
4740:century conflicts
4729:Peloponnesian War
4690:Eighty Years' War
4576:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4552:
4551:
4548:
4547:
4481:Westminster Stone
4178:Southern question
4017:Alltagsgeschichte
3967:Legendary Saracen
3669:Early settlements
3477:
3476:
3457:Political history
3442:Consensus history
3219:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3201:Continuity thesis
3140:Translatio studii
3026:Theory of history
2962:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2916:Subaltern Studies
2801:Nouvelle histoire
2726:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2638:Medieval churches
2625:Geistesgeschichte
2569:Paleoanthropology
2477:Encyclopaedistics
2365:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2233:Secondary sources
2096:
2095:
1976:Alternative media
1865:
1864:
1804:Spiral of silence
1675:Memory conformity
1615:Consensus reality
1508:Persona non grata
1429:Damnatio memoriae
1247:978-0-299-21824-9
870:American Folklore
763:978-1-84277-761-9
718:978-0-226-50989-1
689:978-3-638-81651-9
428:
427:
420:
402:, as appropriate.
365:
364:
357:
290:) noted that the
260:Daniel G. Hoffman
194:Richard M. Dorson
144:Benedict Anderson
70:
69:
16:(Redirected from
6559:
6493:
6492:
6483:
6482:
6435:Documentary film
6416:
6415:
6395:History journals
6361:
6360:
6334:
6206:
6142:Primacy of Peter
6089:Great Depression
6069:
6068:
6042:
6020:
5993:
5992:
5941:J. R. R. Tolkien
5796:
5795:
5791:
5779:
5767:
5749:Ulysses S. Grant
5744:Thomas Jefferson
5735:
5711:
5674:
5637:
5625:
5593:
5581:
5573:Chiang Ching-kuo
5563:Cato the Younger
5553:Amin al-Husseini
5531:
5530:
5520:
5519:
5499:
5498:
5482:War and genocide
5306:
5292:Résistancialisme
5279:Battle of France
5261:Nanjing Massacre
5115:
5114:
4996:
4995:
4992:
4956:
4906:
4788:
4771:
4744:
4743:
4671:Catharism debate
4657:pre-18th century
4639:Military history
4616:
4609:
4602:
4593:
4592:
4586:By war, conflict
4582:
4581:
4530:Cambridge School
4516:
4515:
4414:
4402:
4378:
4359:
4269:
4257:
4229:
4051:
4029:Historikerstreit
3999:
3987:
3975:
3956:
3942:Cordon sanitaire
3888:New Qing History
3876:Conquest dynasty
3867:
3782:Christianization
3765:
3764:
3684:
3597:
3585:
3573:
3551:
3539:
3531:Byzantine Empire
3386:Iquicha Royalism
3375:
3341:
3340:
3264:
3236:
3235:
3225:
3224:
3168:Age of Discovery
3157:Periodization of
3154:
3153:
3128:Transhistoricity
3123:Thirty-year rule
3034:
3022:
2979:
2978:
2968:
2967:
2948:Great Man theory
2911:People's history
2873:
2778:
2777:
2770:Three-age system
2732:
2731:
2432:Archival science
2384:
2383:
2371:
2370:
2238:Tertiary sources
2218:
2217:
2205:
2204:
2154:by area of study
2123:
2116:
2109:
2100:
2099:
2021:Devil's advocate
1991:Auto-segregation
1887:Countersignaling
1814:Toxic positivity
1789:Social influence
1750:Social contagion
1595:Bandwagon effect
1552:Authoritarianism
1416:
1415:
1398:
1391:
1384:
1375:
1374:
1355:
1337:
1331:
1330:
1307:Western Folklore
1302:
1296:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1269:(442): 392–408.
1258:
1252:
1251:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1199:(4): 1025–1026.
1184:
1178:
1177:
1160:(398): 316–317.
1145:
1139:
1136:
1127:
1125:
1102:Western Folklore
1097:
1091:
1090:
1073:(285): 233–241.
1062:
1056:
1055:
1019:
1013:
1012:
984:
978:
977:
949:
943:
942:
914:
908:
905:
890:
889:
873:
863:
850:
847:
841:
834:
828:
821:
815:
814:
796:
772:
766:
743:
737:
736:
730:
722:
700:
694:
693:
673:
667:
666:
656:
632:
626:
622:
616:
613:
607:
606:
594:
584:
558:Pseudo-mythology
471:Febold Feboldson
461:
423:
416:
412:
409:
403:
375:
374:
367:
360:
353:
349:
346:
340:
314:
313:
306:
293:
235:tourism industry
183:folklore studies
65:
62:
56:
38:
37:
30:
21:
6567:
6566:
6562:
6561:
6560:
6558:
6557:
6556:
6547:1983 neologisms
6507:
6506:
6505:
6500:
6499:
6466:
6421:
6406:
6366:
6347:
6330:
6313:
6304:
6200:
6108:
6084:Great Recession
6067:
6038:
6014:
5998:
5979:
5870:H. P. Lovecraft
5839:
5801:
5794:
5785:
5773:
5761:
5729:
5705:
5678:Muammar Gaddafi
5668:
5656:Leonid Brezhnev
5631:
5619:
5602:Gregory Palamas
5587:
5585:Chiang Kai Shek
5575:
5535:
5525:
5506:
5505:
5486:
5467:Conflict thesis
5455:
5419:
5309:
5300:
5267:
5231:
5161:
5113:
5075:
5041:Interwar period
5031:
5001:
4994:
4986:
4970:Schlieffen Plan
4950:
4911:
4900:
4815:
4782:
4765:
4750:
4739:
4733:
4717:Dorian invasion
4702:Fall of Babylon
4658:
4652:
4651:
4628:
4620:
4587:
4568:
4544:
4521:
4514:
4476:Kingdom of Alba
4457:
4450:
4417:
4408:
4396:
4394:Spanish decline
4372:
4353:
4308:
4263:
4251:
4232:
4223:
4189:
4130:
4095:
4081:Greater Magadha
4067:
4045:
4002:
3993:
3981:
3969:
3950:
3929:
3903:Four Barbarians
3861:
3835:
3763:
3720:Götaland theory
3688:Lusotropicalism
3678:
3659:North Macedonia
3591:
3579:
3567:
3545:
3533:
3473:
3452:Frontier thesis
3447:Cyclical theory
3430:Neoabolitionism
3406:
3369:
3339:
3301:
3278:Greater Morocco
3258:
3230:
3207:
3158:
3152:
3044:
3028:
3016:
2973:
2954:
2867:
2782:
2776:
2758:Historical eras
2739:
2718:
2553:
2450:Writing systems
2420:
2378:
2376:Fields of study
2357:
2351:Service records
2336:Religious texts
2242:
2228:Primary sources
2212:
2199:
2198:
2132:
2127:
2097:
2092:
2063:Insubordination
2011:Culture jamming
2001:Cosmopolitanism
1962:
1931:
1902:Internalization
1861:
1823:
1583:
1574:Totalitarianism
1540:
1407:
1402:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1343:, pp. 131-148.
1338:
1334:
1319:10.2307/1497745
1303:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1259:
1255:
1248:
1232:
1228:
1185:
1181:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1130:
1114:10.2307/1498351
1098:
1094:
1063:
1059:
1020:
1016:
985:
981:
966:10.2307/1178561
950:
946:
915:
911:
906:
893:
886:
864:
853:
848:
844:
835:
831:
822:
818:
773:
769:
744:
740:
724:
723:
719:
701:
697:
690:
682:. GRIN Verlag.
674:
670:
633:
629:
623:
619:
614:
610:
603:
585:
581:
576:
553:Old wives' tale
523:False etymology
519:
499:Antonine Barada
491:Annie Christmas
459:
424:
413:
407:
404:
389:
376:
372:
361:
350:
344:
341:
330:
315:
311:
304:
291:
284:
247:
174:Pseudo-folklore
171:
169:Pseudo-folklore
124:major religions
112:
66:
60:
57:
51:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6565:
6555:
6554:
6552:Historiography
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6502:
6501:
6498:
6497:
6487:
6476:
6475:
6472:
6471:
6468:
6467:
6465:
6464:
6459:
6458:
6457:
6452:
6442:
6437:
6432:
6426:
6423:
6422:
6412:
6411:
6408:
6407:
6405:
6404:
6403:
6402:
6392:
6387:
6377:
6371:
6368:
6367:
6357:
6356:
6353:
6352:
6349:
6348:
6346:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6328:
6323:
6317:
6315:
6306:
6305:
6303:
6302:
6301:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6257:
6256:
6255:
6243:
6238:
6237:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6216:
6211:
6210:
6209:
6208:
6207:
6185:
6184:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6158:
6157:
6156:
6151:
6150:
6149:
6139:
6134:
6124:
6118:
6116:
6110:
6109:
6107:
6106:
6105:
6104:
6099:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6075:
6073:
6066:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6048:
6043:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6009:
6003:
6000:
5999:
5989:
5988:
5985:
5984:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5951:
5950:
5938:
5937:
5936:
5935:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5914:
5909:
5899:
5898:
5897:
5892:
5887:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5860:Charles Darwin
5857:
5851:
5849:
5845:
5844:
5841:
5840:
5838:
5837:
5832:
5830:United Kingdom
5827:
5822:
5820:Modern Germany
5817:
5812:
5806:
5804:
5793:
5792:
5780:
5768:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5739:Thomas Aquinas
5736:
5724:
5719:
5718:
5717:
5712:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5675:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5626:
5614:
5609:
5607:Horatio Nelson
5604:
5599:
5594:
5582:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5539:
5537:
5527:
5526:
5516:
5515:
5512:
5511:
5508:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5492:
5491:
5488:
5487:
5485:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5463:
5461:
5457:
5456:
5454:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5443:
5442:
5441:
5439:Responsibility
5436:
5427:
5425:
5421:
5420:
5418:
5417:
5416:
5415:
5407:
5406:
5405:
5395:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5380:
5379:
5378:
5370:
5365:
5364:
5363:
5355:
5354:
5353:
5351:New Historians
5348:
5343:
5329:
5323:
5321:
5315:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5295:
5288:
5281:
5275:
5273:
5269:
5268:
5266:
5265:
5264:
5263:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5239:
5237:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5217:Responsibility
5214:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5197:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5171:
5169:
5163:
5162:
5160:
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5152:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5121:
5119:
5112:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5085:
5083:
5077:
5076:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5071:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5051:
5045:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5028:
5027:
5022:
5012:
5006:
5004:
4993:
4981:
4975:Spirit of 1914
4972:
4967:
4962:
4957:
4945:
4935:
4932:Fischer thesis
4921:
4919:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4909:
4908:
4907:
4895:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4875:
4873:Paraguayan War
4870:
4869:
4868:
4858:
4853:
4852:
4851:
4846:
4838:
4837:
4836:
4831:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4813:
4812:
4811:
4806:
4799:Napoleonic era
4796:
4791:
4790:
4789:
4777:
4772:
4763:Pre-revolution
4754:
4752:
4748:Coalition Wars
4741:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4731:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4719:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4698:
4697:
4687:
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4675:
4674:
4673:
4662:
4660:
4654:
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4650:
4649:
4642:
4634:
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4630:
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4626:historiography
4619:
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4611:
4604:
4596:
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4588:
4578:
4577:
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4478:
4468:
4462:
4460:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4448:
4447:
4446:
4444:Decline thesis
4441:
4434:Ottoman Empire
4431:
4425:
4423:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4403:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4360:
4348:
4343:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4272:
4271:
4270:
4261:Skeptic School
4246:
4244:Anti-Normanism
4240:
4238:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4201:Golden Liberty
4197:
4195:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4183:Neo-Bourbonism
4175:
4170:
4163:
4156:
4151:
4144:
4138:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4111:
4105:
4103:
4097:
4096:
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4088:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4058:
4053:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4023:Borussian myth
4020:
4012:
4010:
4004:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3988:
3976:
3964:
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3494:Dealbanisation
3485:
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3479:
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3475:
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3472:
3471:
3466:
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3408:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3364:
3358:May Revolution
3349:
3347:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3328:Staples thesis
3325:
3320:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3299:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3282:
3281:
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3253:
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3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3193:
3184:
3175:
3170:
3164:
3162:
3160:modern history
3151:
3150:
3143:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3106:
3104:Paradigm shift
3101:
3096:
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3086:
3077:
3072:
3067:
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2815:
2806:
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2804:
2797:
2790:Annales school
2786:
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2775:
2774:
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2772:
2767:
2760:
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2703:
2702:
2692:
2687:
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2677:
2672:
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2660:
2655:
2653:Constitutional
2645:
2640:
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2630:
2629:
2628:
2616:
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2609:
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2599:
2589:
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2529:Postage stamps
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2362:
2359:
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2354:
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2333:
2328:
2326:Oral tradition
2323:
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2321:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
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2256:
2250:
2248:
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2240:
2235:
2230:
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2222:
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2213:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2130:Historiography
2126:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2103:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2006:Counterculture
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1972:
1970:
1968:Anticonformity
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1927:Social reality
1924:
1919:
1914:
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1904:
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1894:
1889:
1884:
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1873:
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1854:
1849:
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1831:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1819:Untouchability
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1778:
1777:
1772:
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1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1685:Milieu control
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1665:Indoctrination
1662:
1657:
1655:Herd mentality
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1588:Group pressure
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1554:
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1511:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1495:
1485:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1466:Cancel culture
1463:
1453:
1446:
1441:
1432:
1424:
1422:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1401:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1363:
1362:External links
1360:
1357:
1356:
1332:
1313:(4): 277–286.
1297:
1288:
1275:10.2307/541047
1253:
1246:
1226:
1179:
1140:
1128:
1108:(3): 233–237.
1092:
1079:10.2307/538134
1057:
1036:10.1086/200339
1014:
995:(3): 177–205.
979:
944:
925:(2): 131–151.
909:
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842:
829:
816:
787:(2): 131–164.
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602:978-0521246453
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467:Old Stormalong
426:
425:
386:of the subject
384:worldwide view
379:
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318:
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300:
286:One reviewer (
283:
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108:
100:Terence Ranger
68:
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6336:
6333:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6321:Merton thesis
6319:
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6311:
6307:
6299:
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6284:
6281:
6279:
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6274:
6273:Panbabylonism
6271:
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6260:
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5846:
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5835:United States
5833:
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5828:
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5813:
5811:
5808:
5807:
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5772:
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5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5733:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5716:
5715:Bolivarianism
5713:
5709:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5699:
5698:Simon Bolivar
5696:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
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5676:
5672:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5635:
5630:
5629:Joseph Stalin
5627:
5623:
5618:
5615:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5591:
5586:
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5579:
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5571:
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5528:
5521:
5517:
5502:
5494:
5493:
5489:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5458:
5450:
5447:
5446:
5444:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5431:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5424:Post-Cold War
5422:
5414:
5411:
5410:
5408:
5404:
5401:
5400:
5399:
5398:Falklands War
5396:
5394:
5393:Iran–Iraq War
5391:
5387:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5377:
5374:
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5371:
5369:
5366:
5362:
5359:
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5356:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5341:Ongoing Nakba
5338:
5335:
5334:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5324:
5322:
5320:
5316:
5304:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5289:
5287:
5286:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5272:Western Front
5270:
5262:
5259:
5258:
5256:
5254:
5253:Bengal famine
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5238:
5234:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
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5206:
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5196:
5192:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5168:
5167:The Holocaust
5164:
5156:
5153:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5120:
5118:Eastern Front
5116:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5082:
5078:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5060:
5057:
5056:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5042:
5038:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5017:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5007:
5005:
5003:
4997:
4990:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4954:
4949:
4946:
4943:
4939:
4936:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4918:
4914:
4904:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4888:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4867:
4864:
4863:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4850:
4849:Paris Commune
4847:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4839:
4835:
4834:Turning point
4832:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4825:
4822:
4821:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4786:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4769:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4742:
4738:18th and 19th
4736:
4730:
4727:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4691:
4688:
4684:
4683:Islamic views
4681:
4680:
4679:
4676:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4667:
4664:
4663:
4661:
4655:
4648:
4647:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4636:
4635:
4631:
4627:
4624:
4617:
4612:
4610:
4605:
4603:
4598:
4597:
4594:
4590:
4583:
4579:
4565:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4555:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4523:
4517:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4453:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4424:
4420:
4412:
4407:
4406:Ser de España
4404:
4400:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4376:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4315:
4311:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4285:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4273:
4267:
4262:
4259:
4258:
4255:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4235:
4227:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4192:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4133:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4102:
4098:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4044:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4033:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4011:
4009:
4005:
3997:
3992:
3989:
3985:
3980:
3977:
3973:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3900:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3824:Ottoman claim
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3804:Prosopography
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3770:
3766:
3758:
3757:Trưng sisters
3755:
3753:
3752:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3706:
3703:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3682:
3677:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3595:
3590:
3587:
3583:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3549:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3537:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3504:Habsburg myth
3502:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3470:
3467:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3413:
3412:United States
3409:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3379:
3373:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3345:Latin America
3342:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3304:
3298:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3262:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3226:
3222:
3202:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3038:
3032:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2969:
2965:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2938:Transnational
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2895:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2871:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2829:
2828:Decoloniality
2826:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2809:Historiometry
2807:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2779:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2753:Periodization
2751:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2738:
2733:
2729:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2539:Sigillography
2537:
2535:
2534:Prosopography
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2411:Local history
2409:
2405:
2404:Human history
2402:
2401:
2400:
2399:World history
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2368:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2124:
2119:
2117:
2112:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2058:Individualism
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1897:Herd behavior
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1852:Control freak
1850:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1799:Socialization
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1715:Peer pressure
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1695:Normalization
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1620:Culture shock
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1476:Deplatforming
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1399:
1394:
1392:
1387:
1385:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1354:
1353:0-87049-988-2
1350:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1292:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1257:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1230:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1135:
1133:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1096:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1061:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1018:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
983:
975:
971:
967:
963:
960:(1): 97–123.
959:
955:
948:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
913:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
887:
885:0-226-15859-4
881:
877:
872:
871:
862:
860:
858:
856:
846:
839:
833:
826:
820:
812:
808:
804:
800:
795:
790:
786:
782:
778:
771:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
742:
734:
728:
720:
714:
710:
706:
699:
691:
685:
681:
680:
672:
664:
660:
655:
650:
646:
642:
638:
631:
621:
612:
604:
598:
593:
592:
583:
579:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
543:Metamodernism
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
520:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
495:Cordwood Pete
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
463:
456:
452:
448:
443:
442:
437:
433:
422:
419:
411:
401:
397:
393:
387:
385:
378:
369:
368:
359:
356:
348:
338:
334:
328:
327:
323:
317:
308:
307:
299:
297:
289:
279:
277:
271:
267:
265:
261:
257:
252:
242:
240:
236:
231:
227:
224:
220:
216:
212:
211:American West
208:
205:
201:
200:
195:
191:
186:
184:
179:
175:
166:
164:
160:
155:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
107:
105:
101:
97:
96:Eric Hobsbawm
93:
88:
81:
76:
72:
64:
54:
50:
46:
43:This article
41:
32:
31:
19:
6250:
6052:The Simpsons
6050:
5997:Other topics
5945:
5922:Christianity
5912:Resurrection
5543:Adolf Hitler
5372:Six-Day War
5368:Algerian War
5339: /
5298:Vichy France
5290:
5283:
5193: /
5081:World War II
4977: /
4644:
4637:
4439:Ghaza thesis
4362:
4338:
4324:White legend
4322: /
4320:Black legend
4275:Soviet Union
4165:
4158:
4146:
4109:Great Famine
4086:Indocentrism
4060:
4041:
4034:
4027:
4015:
3961:Grand Siècle
3959:
3940:
3908:Sinocentrism
3769:Ancient Rome
3749:
3607:Aryan Kartli
3605:
3397:
3360: /
3294:
3191:19th century
3189: /
3180: /
3145:
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3132:
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3082: /
3056:Black legend
3014:Historiology
2811: /
2799:
2762:
2700:Quantitative
2623:
2619:Intellectual
2585: /
2581: /
2567: /
2565:Anthropology
2519:Phaleristics
2512:preservation
2507:Oral history
2448: /
2434: /
2416:Microhistory
2191:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2161:
2152: /
2148:
2141:
2068:Pueblo clown
2053:Idiosyncrasy
2038:Eccentricity
1922:Social proof
1669:
1630:Echo chamber
1610:Collectivism
1600:Brainwashing
1531:Scapegoating
1514:Public enemy
1506:
1497:
1461:Blacklisting
1448:
1427:
1420:Proscription
1340:
1335:
1310:
1306:
1300:
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781:Acta Koreana
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698:
678:
671:
644:
640:
630:
620:
611:
590:
582:
568:Urban legend
563:Tourist trap
528:Folklorismus
487:Whiskey Jack
464:
454:
439:
429:
414:
405:
381:
351:
342:
320:
285:
276:mass culture
272:
268:
256:Mass culture
250:
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230:Folklorismus
228:
197:
189:
187:
177:
173:
172:
163:authenticity
156:
152:pizza effect
118:in Britain,
116:neo-Druidism
113:
94:, edited by
91:
86:
85:
80:clan tartans
71:
58:
48:
44:
6527:Nationalism
6440:Hagiography
6201: [
6161:Early Islam
6015: [
5907:Historicity
5885:Historicity
5875:Jane Austen
5855:The Beatles
5825:Netherlands
5786: [
5783:Zhuge Liang
5774: [
5762: [
5759:Yuan Shikai
5730: [
5727:Sun Yat Tse
5706: [
5669: [
5632: [
5620: [
5617:Jiang Zemin
5588: [
5576: [
5568:Che Guevara
5301: [
5236:Pacific War
5020:Article 231
5010:Reparations
4987: [
4951: [
4928:Color books
4917:World War I
4901: [
4878:War of 1812
4783: [
4766: [
4751:(1792–1815)
4722:Sea Peoples
4707:Gallic Wars
4409: [
4397: [
4384:Revisionist
4373: [
4364:Reconquista
4354: [
4346:Inquisition
4340:Convivencia
4264: [
4252: [
4224: [
4121:Revisionism
4046: [
3994: [
3982: [
3970: [
3951: [
3893:Golden ages
3862: [
3859:Wunu School
3854:Archaeology
3727:Switzerland
3710:Kosovo Myth
3698:Great Union
3679: [
3664:Philippines
3647:Nationalist
3620:Ages of Man
3592: [
3580: [
3568: [
3546: [
3534: [
3370: [
3367:Revisionist
3259: [
3196:Renaissance
3061:Coloniality
3029: [
3017: [
3009:Historicity
2933:Revisionist
2923:Pop history
2894:Nationalist
2868: [
2813:Cliometrics
2781:Approaches,
2737:Methodology
2633:Linguistics
2583:Environment
2549:Vexillology
2472:Diplomatics
2455:Chorography
2394:Big History
2346:War diaries
2319:Illuminated
2314:Manuscripts
2299:Hieroglyphs
2179:historicity
2088:Shock value
2043:Eclecticism
1936:Experiments
1557:Nationalism
1493:Civil death
1412:Enforcement
1138:Olson, 235.
507:Paul Bunyan
503:Kemp Morgan
483:Bowleg Bill
479:Tony Beaver
436:steelworker
432:Joe Magarac
408:August 2024
345:August 2024
288:Peter Burke
223:Great Lakes
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134:, and some
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6522:Conformity
6511:Categories
6495:Multimedia
6314:Technology
6278:Urreligion
6181:Kharijites
6132:Background
5800:Historical
5771:Zhou Enlai
5666:Mao Zedong
5661:Louis Riel
5434:Background
5285:Guilty Men
5227:Uniqueness
5150:Background
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5069:Background
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4503:Ricardians
4498:Tudor myth
4216:Partitions
3809:Succession
3099:Narratives
3084:Presentism
3040:Philosophy
2860:Humanistic
2748:Case study
2680:Indigenous
2658:Diplomatic
2602:Capitalism
2502:Onomastics
2460:Chronology
2289:Facsimiles
2274:Chronicles
2172:historians
2143:Historians
1877:Compliance
1870:Conformity
1770:Hysterical
1760:Behavioral
1725:Propaganda
1710:Patriotism
1645:Groupthink
1471:Censorship
1450:Homo sacer
1405:Conformity
1030:(1): 101.
755:2006-31826
707:. Chicago
574:References
548:Mythopoeia
451:Pittsburgh
322:neutrality
296:Guy Beiner
239:fairy tale
207:Pecos Bill
138:, such as
6542:Tradition
6283:Perennial
6072:Economics
6024:Feudalism
5810:Australia
5558:Aurangzeb
5534:Political
5524:By person
5205:Pius Wars
5000:Treaty of
4659:conflicts
4466:Poor Laws
4329:Hispanism
4206:Sarmatism
4036:Sonderweg
3794:Expansion
3519:Litvinism
3353:Argentina
3187:Long 18th
3070:Dark Ages
2850:Historism
2648:Political
2587:Geography
2524:Philology
2487:Genealogy
2482:Epigraphy
2425:By source
2264:Artifacts
2073:Rebellion
2031:Political
1912:Obedience
1782:Emotional
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1499:Vogelfrei
1456:Ostracism
1439:Dissenter
1435:Dissident
1213:0002-7294
1166:0013-8266
1052:143464386
811:193690675
803:2733-5348
727:cite book
663:145003549
396:talk page
333:talk page
282:Criticism
264:folk hero
249:The term
188:The term
159:modernity
132:Taekwondo
6485:Category
6400:template
6114:Religion
5965:Socrates
5880:Muhammed
5802:rankings
5683:Napoleon
5501:Category
5319:Cold War
5222:Slovakia
4809:Waterloo
4678:Crusades
4623:Military
4471:Scotland
4429:Kemalist
3751:Nam tiến
3746:Vietnam
3736:Ukraine
3694:Romania
3676:Portugal
3602:Georgia
3577:Medieval
3526:Bulgaria
3515:Belarus
3500:Austria
3306:Americas
3274:Morocco
3270:Ethiopia
3049:Specific
2972:Concepts
2877:Leninist
2835:Feminist
2823:Critical
2670:Feminism
2643:Military
2597:Business
2592:Economic
2574:Cultural
2558:By topic
2544:Toponymy
2492:Heraldry
2440:template
2387:By scale
2309:Logbooks
2294:Features
2259:Archives
2078:Red team
2016:Deviance
1536:Shunning
989:Folklore
919:Folklore
641:Folklore
517:See also
475:Big Mose
447:Croatian
390:You may
326:disputed
251:fakelore
190:fakelore
178:fakelore
150:and the
130:such as
120:tartanry
18:Fakelore
6420:Related
6310:Science
5955:Madonna
5927:Judaism
5890:Judaism
5722:Saladin
5612:Hypatia
5536:leaders
5460:Related
5413:Origins
5376:Origins
5327:Origins
4883:Origins
4829:Origins
4695:Origins
4557:Oceania
4520:British
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4101:Ireland
4008:Germany
3716:Sweden
3589:New Age
3565:Ancient
3561:Europe
3557:Croatia
3489:Albania
3482:Eurasia
3284:Rwanda
2982:General
2882:Marxist
2783:schools
2612:Thought
2579:Ecology
2341:Scrolls
2279:Codices
2247:Sources
2186:history
2163:History
2026:Dissent
1809:Teasing
1775:Suicide
1690:Mobbing
1483:Outcast
1327:1497745
1122:1498351
1044:2739820
1009:1259723
974:1178561
939:1259975
455:magarac
126:, some
6046:Salons
5848:Others
5815:Canada
5449:Causes
5386:Causes
5361:Causes
5155:Spirit
5089:Causes
5059:Causes
4924:Causes
4893:Causes
4866:Causes
4844:Causes
4775:Causes
4522:Empire
4456:United
4422:Turkey
4237:Russia
4211:Deluge
4194:Poland
3934:France
3732:Taiwan
3705:Serbia
3511:Balhae
3362:Causes
3313:Canada
3247:Egypt
3240:Africa
2764:Tarikh
2685:Labour
2675:Gender
2665:Social
2465:dating
2331:Papyri
2254:Annals
2083:Satire
2048:Hermit
1650:Hazing
1488:Outlaw
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5902:Jesus
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5195:Nakba
4991:]
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4135:Italy
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3642:Korea
3637:Japan
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2446:Books
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2221:Types
1765:Crime
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1323:JSTOR
1279:JSTOR
1217:JSTOR
1170:JSTOR
1118:JSTOR
1083:JSTOR
1048:S2CID
1040:JSTOR
1005:JSTOR
970:JSTOR
935:JSTOR
807:S2CID
659:S2CID
398:, or
6384:list
4979:1917
3991:Lyon
3462:Eras
3381:Peru
3116:list
3063:and
2943:Whig
2150:list
1349:ISBN
1242:ISBN
1209:ISSN
1162:ISSN
880:ISBN
799:ISSN
759:ISBN
751:LCCN
733:link
713:ISBN
684:ISBN
597:ISBN
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319:The
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1315:doi
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1201:doi
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