Flexible-fuel vehicle

783:. These vehicles could operate on either gasoline or methanol with only one fuel system. Legislation was passed to encourage the US auto industry to begin production, which started in 1993 for the M85 FFVs at Ford. In 1996, a new FFV Ford Taurus was developed, with models fully capable of running on either methanol or ethanol blended with gasoline. This ethanol version of the Taurus became the first commercial production of an E85 FFV. The momentum of the FFV production programs at the American car companies continued, although by the end of the 1990s, the emphasis shifted to the FFV E85 version, as it is today. Ethanol was preferred over methanol because there is a large support from the farming community, and thanks to the government's incentive programs and corn-based ethanol subsidies available at the time. Sweden also tested both the M85 and the E85 flexifuel vehicles, but due to agriculture policy, in the end emphasis was given to the ethanol flexifuel vehicles. Support for ethanol also comes from the fact that it is a 3121:. In 2008 the government announced priority for E85, expecting these flex-fuel vehicles to become widely available in Thailand in 2009, three years ahead of schedule. The incentives include cuts in excise tax rates for E85-compatible cars and reduction of corporate taxes for ethanol producers to make sure E85 fuel supply will be met. This new plan however, brought confusion and protests by the automakers which sign-up for the "eco-cars", as competition with the E85 flex-fuel cars will negatively affect their ongoing plans and investments, and their production lines will have to be upgraded at a high cost for them to produce flex-fuel cars. They also complained that flex-fuel vehicles popular in a few countries around the world, limiting their export potential as compared with other engine technologies. 309: 3568: 10189: 607: 2196: 2696: 2762: 1624: 1251: 3579: 3724: 1209: 2842: 258: 294: 3031:

or any blend of both. By 2014 the mandatory quota is 80% and it will reach 100 percent by 2016. All vehicles with engines bigger than 2.0 liters must be E85 capable starting in 2013. The decree also mandates that by 2011 all gasoline stations must provide infrastructure to guarantee availability of E85 throughout the country. The mandatory introduction of E85 flex-fuels has caused controversy among carmakers, car dealers, gasoline station owners, and even some ethanol producers complained the industry is not ready to supply enough ethanol for the new E85 fleet.

2976: 1912: 1329: 2990:. The country had around 1.6 million capable flex fuel E85s on the roads by 2014. However, most users are not aware they own an E85, as vehicles are not clearly labeled as such, and even though the newer models have a yellow cap in the fuel tank informing that the vehicle can handle E85, most users are still not aware because there are very few gas stations offering E85. Another major drawback to greater E85 fuel use is the fact that by June 2008 Canada had only three public E85 pumps, all located in 1864: 1659: 2008: 406:. However, all these vehicles actually are bi-fuel and not flexible-fuel vehicles, because they have engines that store the other fuel in a separate tank, and the engine runs on one fuel at a time. Bi-fuel vehicles have the capability to switch back and forth from gasoline to the other fuel, manually or automatically. The most common available fuel in the market for bi-fuel cars is natural gas (CNG), and by 2008 there were 9.6 million natural gas vehicles, led by Pakistan (2.0 million), 1936: 738:

but also because they were the most compatible fuels with existing distribution systems and engines, thus avoiding a big departure from the existing technologies and taking advantage of the vehicle and the refueling infrastructure. California led the search of sustainable alternatives with interest focused in methanol. Ford Motor Company and other automakers responded to California's request for vehicles that run on methanol. In 1981, Ford delivered 40 dedicated methanol fuel (M100)

3190: 1682:, up to 20% discount on auto insurance, free parking spaces in most of the largest cities, owner annual registration taxes, and a 20% tax reduction for flexifuel company cars. Also, a part of the program, the Swedish Government ruled that 25% of their vehicle purchases (excluding police, fire and ambulance vehicles) must be alternative fuel vehicles. By the first months of 2008, this package of incentives resulted in sales of flexible-fuel cars representing 25% of new car sales. 3910: 3537: 44: 1888: 1960: 1792: 1984: 3924: 2032: 1732: 77: 1197:, was kept to avoid start up problems in the central and southern regions, where winter temperatures normally drop below 15 °C (59 °F). An improved flex motor generation was launched in 2009 and allowed to eliminate the need for this secondary gas reservoir tank. Another improvement was the reduction of fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions, between 10% and 15% as compared to flex motors sold in 2008. In March 2009 1816: 3177: 1768: 755: 3164: 1840: 2056: 1352:. By December 2012 the five available models of flexible-fuel motorcycles from Honda and Yamaha reached a cumulative production of 2,291,072 units, representing 31.8% of all motorcycles manufactured in Brazil since 2009, and 48.2% of motorcycle production in 2012. Flexible-fuel motorcycle production passed the 3 million-unit milestone in October 2013. The 4 million mark was reached in March 2015. 1686:

represented just two percent of the four million Swedish vehicles. In addition, this law also mandated all new filling stations to offer alternative fuels, and stations with an annual volume of more than one million liters are required to have an alternative fuel pump by December 2009. Therefore, the number of E85 pumps is expected to reach by 2009 nearly 60% of Sweden's 4,000 filling stations.

2860:(OFS), introduced to Congress in May 2011, is intended to promote a massive adoption of flex-fuel vehicles capable of running on ethanol or methanol. The bill requires that 50 percent of automobiles made in 2014, 80 percent in 2016, and 95 percent in 2017, would be manufactured and warranted to operate on non-petroleum-based fuels, which includes existing technologies such as flex-fuel, 1639:

engine block heater. The use of this device is also recommended for gasoline vehicles when temperatures drop below −23 °C (−9 °F). Another option when extreme cold weather is expected is to add more pure gasoline in the tank, thus reducing the ethanol content below the E75 winter blend, or simply not to use E85 during extreme low temperature spells.

2135:, and no specific incentives have been granted for E85 flex-fuel cars; however, there is complete exemption of taxes on all biofuels while there is a normal tax of €0.65 per liter of petroleum fuels. The distribution of E85 began in 2005, and with 219 stations as of September 2008, Germany ranks second after Sweden with the most E85 fueling stations in the 3093:, by eliminating import duties and lowering excise taxes on CNG-compatible cars. Then in 2007, Thai authorities approved incentives for the production of "eco-cars", with the goal of the country to become a regional hub for the production of small, affordable and fuel-efficient cars. Seven automakers joint in the program, 746:, but only four refueling stations were installed. The biggest challenge in the development of alcohol vehicle technology was getting all of the fuel system materials compatible with the higher chemical reactivity of the fuel. Methanol was even more of a challenge than ethanol but much of the early experience gained with 2888:(RFA) found that oil companies prevent or discourage affiliated retailers from selling E85 through rigid franchise and branding agreements, restrictive supply contracts, and other tactics. The report showed independent retailers are five times more likely to offer E85 than retailers carrying an oil company brand. 2684:

actual blend available in the vehicle's tank. Because ethanol contains close to 34% less energy per unit volume than gasoline, E85 FFVs have a lower mileage per gallon than gasoline. Based on EPA tests for all 2006 E85 models, the average fuel economy for E85 vehicles was 25.56% lower than unleaded gasoline.

690:, low-interest loans for agro-industrial ethanol firms, and fixed gasoline and ethanol prices. After reaching more than 4 million cars and light trucks running on pure ethanol by the late 1980s, the use of E100-only vehicles sharply declined after increases in sugar prices produced shortages of ethanol fuel. 1573:. From 1997 to 1998 an additional 300 Taurus were imported, and the number of E85 fueling grew to 40. Then in 1998 the city of Stockholm placed an order for 2,000 of FFVs for any car manufacturer willing to produce them. The objective was to jump-start the FFV industry in Sweden. The two domestic car makers 2184:

companies, allowing retail prices to be low enough to offset the 25 per cent cut in fuel economy that E-85 cars offer, due to ethanol's lower energy content than gasoline. Also, the value added tax (VAT) on the fuel can also be claimed back. E-85 fuel is available across the country in more than 20 of

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A flex fuel conversion kit is a kit that allows a conventional equipment manufactured vehicle to be altered to operate on propane, natural gas, methane gas, ethanol, or electricity are classified as aftermarket AFV conversions. All vehicle conversions, except those that are completed for a vehicle to

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The E85 blend is used in gasoline engines modified to accept such higher concentrations of ethanol, and the fuel injection is regulated through a dedicated sensor, which automatically detects the amount of ethanol in the fuel, allowing to adjust both fuel injection and spark timing accordingly to the

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began negotiations in 2007 with Brazilian automakers in order to import flex cars that run on any blend of gasoline and ethanol. If successful, Paraguay would become the first destination for Brazilian flex-fuel car exports. In May 2008, the Paraguayan government announced a plan to eliminate import

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flexible-fuel cars. The executive decree applies to all gasoline-powered vehicles with engines smaller than 2.0 liters manufactured, imported, and commercialized in the country beginning in 2012, mandating that 60% of such vehicles must have flex-fuel engines capable of running with gasoline or E85,

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Mr. Gadkari has predicted that in the next 15 years, Indian automobile industry will be worth Rs 15 lakh crore and the Government is planning to submit an affidavit in the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India to allow manufacturing of flex-fuel engines under the Euro IV emission norms but for now he said

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Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari has emphasised the adoption of alternative fuels which will be import substitutes, cost-effective, pollution-free, indigenous, and discourage the use of Petrol or diesel. During an event held on 20 October 2021, while addressing the media

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that it cost to turn a conventional vehicle into a flex-fuel, without investing in new technology to improve fuel economy, and saving them the potential fines for not achieving that standard in a given model year. The CAFE standards proposed in 2011 for the period 2017–2025 will allow flexible-fuel

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The American E85 flex-fuel vehicle was developed to run on any mixture of unleaded gasoline and ethanol, anywhere from 0% to 85% ethanol by volume. Both fuels are mixed in the same tank, and E85 is sold already blended. In order to reduce ethanol evaporative emissions and to avoid problems starting

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All flexible-fuel vehicles in Sweden use an E75 winter blend instead of E85 to avoid engine starting problems during cold weather. This blend was introduced since the winter 2006–07 and E75 is used from November until March. For temperature below −15 °C (5 °F) E85 flex vehicles require an

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In the United States, initial support to develop alternative fuels by the government was also a response to the first oil crisis, and some time later, as a goal to improve air quality. Also, liquid fuels were preferred over gaseous fuels not only because they have a better volumetric energy density

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plug-in hybrid, launched in the U.S. in late 2010, would be the first commercially available flex-fuel plug-in capable of adapting the propulsion to several world markets such as the U.S., Brazil or Sweden, as the combustion engine can be adapted to run on E85, E100 or diesel respectively. The Volt

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manufactured and sold worldwide by March 2018, and concentrated in four markets, Brazil (30.5 million light-duty vehicles and over 6 million motorcycles), the United States (27 million by the end of 2021), Canada (1.6 million by 2014), and Europe, led by Sweden (243,100). In addition

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Notes: (1)The effective number of E85 flex vehicles in US roads actually using ethanol fuel is lower than shown, as a survey have shown than 68% of E85 owners are not aware they own a flex-fuel vehicle. A 2007 national survey found that only 5% of drivers actually use biofuels. (2) Regional prices

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A 2005 survey found that 68% of American flex-fuel car owners were not aware they owned an E85 flex. This was because the exteriors of flex and non-flex vehicles look exactly the same; there is no sale price difference between them; the lack of consumers' awareness about E85s; and also the initial

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As of 2017, there were more than 21 million E85 flex-fuel vehicles in the United States, up from about 11 million flex-fuel cars and light trucks in operation as of early 2013. The number of flex-fuel vehicles on U.S. roads increased from 1.4 million in 2001, to 4.1 million in

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On the supply side, since 2005 the gasoline fuelling stations selling more than 3 million liters of fuel a year are required to sell at least one type of biofuel, resulting in more than 1,200 gas stations selling E85 by August 2008. Despite all the sharp growth of E85 flexifuel cars, by 2007 they

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additive in gasoline, was contaminating groundwater. Due to the risks of widespread and costly litigation, and because MTBE use in gasoline was banned in almost 20 states by 2006, the substitution of MTBE opened a new market for ethanol fuel. This demand shift for ethanol as an oxygenate additive

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production in Brazil was transferable to methanol. The success of this small experimental fleet of M100s led California to request more of these vehicles, mainly for government fleets. In 1983, Ford built 582 M100 vehicles; 501 went to California, and the remaining to New Zealand, Sweden, Norway,

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VE Series II flex-fuel vehicles to be released later in 2010. Caltex Australia plans to begin selling Bio E-Flex in Melbourne from September and expects to have Bio E-Flex available in more than 30 service stations in Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, Adelaide and Canberra by the end of October, with

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A major restriction hampering sales of E85 flex vehicles, or fueling with E85, is the limited infrastructure available to sell E85 to the public with only 2% of the motor fuel stations offering E85 by March 2014. As of November 2015, there were only 3,218 fueling stations selling E85 to the

2139:. As of July 2012 retail prices of E85 was €1.09 per liter, and gasoline was priced at €1.60 per liter (for gasoline RON 95), then providing enough margin to compensate for ethanol's lower fuel economy. Ford has offered the Ford Focus since August 2005 in Germany. Ford is about to offer also the 2087:

Flexifuel vehicles are sold in 18 European countries, including Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Ford, Volvo and Saab are the main automakers

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The production of flex-fuel cars and light commercial vehicles since 2003 reached the milestone of 10 million vehicles in March 2010. At the end of 2012 registrations of flex-fuel cars and light trucks represented 87% of all passenger and light duty vehicles sold in the country in 2012, and

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1.8 Flexpower, using an engine developed by a joint-venture with Fiat called PowerTrain. Passenger flex-fuel vehicles became a commercial success in the country, and as of December 2013, a total of 15 car manufacturers produce flex-fuel engines for the Brazilian market, dominating all light

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were producing popular models of flex cars and light trucks. The adoption of ethanol flex fuel vehicles was so successful, that production of flex cars went from almost 40 thousand in 2003 to 1.7 million in 2007. This rapid adoption of the flex technology was facilitated by the fuel distribution

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of Fiat Brazil. This automobile can run as a flex-fuel on 100% ethanol (E100); or on E-20 to E25, Brazil's normal ethanol gasoline blend; on pure gasoline (though no longer available in Brazil since 1993, it is still used in neighboring countries); or just on natural gas. The Siena Tetrafuel was

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Flexible-fuel vehicles (FFVs) are based on dual-fuel systems that supply both fuels into the combustion chamber at the same time in various calibrated proportions. The most common fuels used by FFVs today are unleaded gasoline and ethanol fuel. Ethanol FFVs can run on pure gasoline, pure ethanol

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As ethanol FFVs became commercially available during the late 1990s, the common use of the term "flexible-fuel vehicle" became synonymous with ethanol FFVs. In the United States flex-fuel vehicles are also known as "E85 vehicles". In Brazil, the FFVs are popularly known as "total flex" or simply

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manufacturing. The Irish government established several incentives, including a 50% discount in vehicle registration taxes (VRT), which can account for more than one third of the retail price of a new car in Ireland (around €6,500). The bioethanol element of the E85 fuel is excise-free for fuel

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is lower than gasoline because of ethanol's energy content is close to 34% less per unit volume than gasoline, flex cars running on ethanol get a lower mileage than when running on pure gasoline. However, this effect is partially offset by the usually lower price per liter of ethanol fuel. As a

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Sweden has achieved the largest E85 flexible-fuel vehicle fleet in Europe, with a sharp growth from 717 vehicles in 2001 to 243,136 through December 2014. As of 2008 a total of 70% of all flexifuel vehicles operating in the EU were registered in Sweden. The recent and accelerated growth of the

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As of December 2014, almost half of new vehicles produced by Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors are flex-fuel, meaning roughly one-quarter of all new vehicles sold by 2015 are capable of using up to E85. However, obstacles to widespread use of E85 fuel remain. A 2014 analysis by the

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Flexible-fuel technology started being developed by Brazilian engineers near the end of the 1990s. The Brazilian flexible fuel car is built with an ethanol-ready engine and one fuel tank for both fuels. The small gasoline reservoir for starting the engine in cold weather, used in earlier

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supermarket chain stations, most automakers offer the same models in the UK that are available in the European market. In 2005 the Ford Focus Flexi-Fuel became the first flexible-fuel car sold in the UK, though E85 pumps were not opened until 2006. Volvo now offers its flexifuel models

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ethanol fuel (E100). The Brazilian flex vehicles were built-in with a small gasoline reservoir for cold starting the engine when temperatures drop below 15 °C (59 °F). An improved flex motor generation was launched in 2009 which eliminated the need for the secondary gas tank.

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decision of American automakers of not putting any kind of exterior labeling, so buyers could be unaware they are purchasing an E85 vehicle. Since 2008, all new FFV models in the US feature a bright yellow gas cap to remind drivers of the E85 capabilities and proper flex-fuel badging.

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and journalists he has said that the government will ask all vehicle manufacturers to make flex-fuel engines under the Euro VI emission norms in the next six-eight months. Flex-fuel, or flexible fuel, is an alternative fuel made of a combination of gasoline and methanol or ethanol.

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production. Regional retail E85 prices vary widely across the US, with more favorable prices in the Midwest region, where most corn is grown and ethanol produced. Depending on the vehicle capabilities, the break-even price of E85 has to be between 25 and 30% lower than gasoline.

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of flex vehicles reached 88.6% of all light-duty registrations in 2017. As of March 2018, fifteen years after the launch of the first flex fuel car, there were 30.5 million flex cars and light trucks registered in the country, and 6 million flex motorcycles.

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to attend these vehicles. Despite the introduction in the Spaniard market of several flexifuel models, by the end of 2008 still persists the problems of adequate E85 fueling infrastructure, as only 10 gas stations were selling E85 fuel to the public in the entire country.

2749:(CAFE) requirements, that allows for a fuel economy credit for every flex-fuel vehicle sold, whether or not in practice these vehicles are fueled with E85. This loophole might allow the car industry to meet the CAFE targets in fuel economy just by spending between 2688:

the engine during cold weather, the maximum blend of ethanol was set to 85%. There is also a seasonal reduction of the ethanol content to E70 (called winter E85 blend) in very cold regions, where temperatures fall below 0 °C (32 °F) during the winter. In

1247:, Brazilian consumers are frequently advised by the media to use more alcohol than gasoline in their mix only when ethanol prices are 30% lower or more than gasoline, as ethanol price fluctuates heavily depending on the result of seasonal sugar cane harvests. 774:

As an answer to the lack of refueling infrastructure, Ford began development of a flexible-fuel vehicle in 1982, and between 1985 and 1992, 705 experimental FFVs were built and delivered to California and Canada, including the 1.6L Ford Escort, the 3.0L

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By the end of 2014, flex-fuel cars represented 54% of the Brazilian registered stock of light-duty vehicles, while gasoline only vehicles represented 34.3%. As of June 2015, flex-fuel light-duty vehicle sales totaled 25.5 million units. The

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Typical labeling used in the US to identify E85 flex-fuel vehicles. Top left: a small sticker in the back of the fuel filler door. Bottom left: the bright yellow gas cap now used in newer models. E85 Flexfuel badging used in newer models from

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are main growers of feedstock and producers of ethanol, hence, the comparison presented is one of the most favorable for ethanol/gasoline price ratios. For example, US average spread was 16.9% in August 2008, and it varied from 35% in

1648: 3519:. (3) Brazilian gasoline is heavily taxed (~54%), US ethanol production was subsidized (a US$ 0.51/gal federal tax credit) until December 2011, and Swedish E85 is exempt of CO2 and energy taxes until 2009 (~30% price reduction). 819:

were already significantly rising. By 2006, about 50 percent of the gasoline used in the U.S. contained ethanol at different proportions, and ethanol production grew so fast that the US became the world's top ethanol producer,

3132:. The S80 is manufactured locally and the C30 is imported. By the time of the introduction of flex vehicles there were already two gas stations with E85 fuel available. During 2009 it was expected that 15 fueling stations in 2679:

estimated that in 2011 only 862,837 flex-fuel fleet-operated vehicles were regularly fueled with E85. As a result, from all the ethanol fuel consumed in the country in 2009, only 1% was E85 consumed by flex-fuel vehicles.

1608:. All Volvo models were initially restricted to the Sweden market, until 2007, when these three models were launched in eight new European markets. In 2007, Saab also started selling a BioPower version of its popular 473:

built with a combustion engine capable of running on gasoline, E-85, or E-100 to help drive the wheels in conjunction with the electric engine or to recharge the battery pack that powers the electric engine. In 2007

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The first flexifuel vehicles were introduced in Spain by late 2007, with the acquisition of 80 cars for use in the Spaniard official government fleet. At that time the country had only three gas stations selling

327:"flex" cars. In Europe, FFVs are also known as "flexifuel" vehicles. Automakers, particularly in Brazil and the European market, use badging in their FFV models with the some variant of the word "flex", such as 223:

ethanol fuel with 15% gasoline. This upper limit in the ethanol content is set to reduce ethanol emissions at low temperatures and to avoid cold starting problems during cold weather, at temperatures lower than

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with adjustable jetting, allowing use of ethanol, gasoline or kerosene (each by itself), or a combination of the first two mentioned fuels. Other car manufactures also provided engines for ethanol fuel use.

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in the main cities of Argentina and Brazil. Normally, standard gasoline vehicles are retrofitted in specialized shops, which involve installing the gas cylinder in the trunk and the CNG injection system and

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announced that it will import from five to ten Volts to Brazil during the first semester of 2011 as part of a demonstration and also to lobby the federal government to enact financial incentives for

2924:, the first vehicle in Australia to give drivers a choice of three fuels, E85, diesel or gasoline, and both automobiles are sold for a small premium. Australia's largest independent fuel retailer, 1325:, combined with government subsidies to keep gasoline price lower than the international market value, by November 2013 only 23% flex-fuel car owners were using ethanol, down from 66% in 2009. 693:

After extensive research that began in the 90s, a second push took place in March 2003, when the Brazilian subsidiary of Volkswagen launched to the market the first full flexible-fuel car, the

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As part of the North American auto market, by 2007 Canada had available 51 models of E85 flex-vehicles, most from Chrysler, Ford and General Motors, including automobiles, pickup trucks, and

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In 2008, Chrysler, General Motors, and Ford pledged to manufacture 50 percent of their entire vehicle line as flexible fuel in model year 2012, if enough fueling infrastructure develops. The

8687: 458:, Brazil, allowing users to choose among three fuels (E25, E100 and CNG) according to current market prices at the pump. Vehicles with this adaptation are known in Brazil as "tri-fuel" cars. 4594: 9734: 9550: 3896: 7281: 1317:

According to two separate research studies conducted in 2009, at the national level 65% of the flex-fuel registered vehicles regularly used ethanol fuel, and the usage climbed to 93% in

4230: 2115:, as of April 2007. By May 2008, France had 211 pumps selling E85, even though the government made plans for the installation of up to 500 E85 pumps by year end 2007. French automakers 8055: 1674:

and energy taxes until 2009, resulting in a 30% price reduction at the pump of E85 fuel over gasoline. Furthermore, other demand side incentives for flexifuel vehicle owners include a

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of Brazil, and capable of using CNG, ethanol and gasoline (E20-E25 blend) as fuel. This automobile was aimed at the taxicab market and the switch among fuels is done manually. In 2006

4052: 3006:. E85 fueling is available primarily for fleet vehicles, including 20 government refueling stations not available for the public. The main feedstocks for E85 production in Canada are 371:

in Brazil. In the US, only since 2008 FFV models feature a yellow gas cap with the label "E85/Gasoline" written on the top of the cap to differentiate E85s from gasoline only models.

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that the Indian Government will ask all vehicle manufacturers to make flex-fuel engines (that can run on more than one fuel) under the Euro VI emission norms in the next 6–8 months.

1321:, the main ethanol producer state where local taxes are lower, and prices at the pump are more competitive than gasoline. However, as a result of higher ethanol prices caused by the 9196: 4248:

Download file "Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" see table: "Nyregistrerade miljöbilar per typ december 2014" with summary of E85 passenger car registrations for 2014 and 2013

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with flex-fuel engine capable of running with electricity and any blend of ethanol fuel and gasoline. The flexible fuel hybrid technology was developed in partnership with several

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E85 flex-fuel vehicles to Australia as a trial, in order to measure interest in ethanol-powered vehicles in the country. Saab Australia placed the vehicles with the fleets of the

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public in the entire U.S., while about 156,000 retail motor fuel outlets do not offer any ethanol blend. In addition, there has been a great concentration of E85 stations in the

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The article argues that even though Fiat called it tetra fuel, it actually runs on three fuels: natural gas, ethanol, and gasoline, as Brazilian gasoline is an E20 to E25 blend.

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Download file "Definitiva nyregistreringar 2012" see table: "Nyregistrerade miljöbilar per typ december 2012" with summary of E85 passenger car registrations for 2012 and 2011

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were imported to show the technology existed. Because of the existing interest, a project was started in 1995 with 50 Ford Taurus E85 flexifuel in different parts of Sweden:

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A key innovation in the Brazilian flex technology was avoiding the need for an additional dedicated sensor to monitor the ethanol-gasoline mix, which made the first American

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The rapid success of flex vehicles was made possible by the existence of 33,000 filling stations with at least one ethanol pump available by 2006, a heritage of the early

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taxes of flex-fuel vehicles and an incentive program for ethanol production. The plan also includes the purchase of 20,000 flex cars in 2009 for the government fleet.

6409: 5193: 5618: 5036: 3606: 3014:, and there were several proposals being discussed to increase the actual use of E85 fuel in FFVs, such as creating an ethanol-friendly highway or ethanol corridor. 200:

with E85 flex fuel vehicles, but as of June 2008, this fuel is not yet available to the general public. These successful tests with P-series fuels were conducted on

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states. The main constraint for a more rapid expansion of E85 availability is that it requires dedicated storage tanks at filling stations, at an estimated cost of

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blend of gasoline throughout the country, allowed Brazil in 2008 to achieve more than 50% of fuel consumption in the gasoline market from sugar cane-based ethanol.

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Saab Australia became the first car maker to produce an E85 flex-fuel car for the Australian market with the Saab 9-5 BioPower. One month later launched the new

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was one of the first E85 flexible fuel cars available in the country produced by a Swedish automaker. The Volvo FlexiFuel is now offered on the European market.

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In 2006 New Zealand began a pilot project with two E85 Ford Focus Flexi-Fuel evaluation cars. The main feedstock used in New Zealand for ethanol production is

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have announced a consortium with a co-ordinated plan to build a bio-ethanol plant from household waste for use as E85 fuel. In August 2010 Caltex launched the

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service stations. In October 2005, the 1.8 Ford Focus FFV became the first flexible-fuel vehicle to be commercially sold in Ireland. Later Ford launched the

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engineered to switch from any gasoline-ethanol blend to CNG automatically, depending on the power required by road conditions. Another existing option is to

9576: 9148: 7398:[Honda commemorates 3 million flexible-fuel motorcycles produced with FlexOne special edition] (in Portuguese). Notícias Automotivas. Archived from 5443: 1643:

Swedish fleet of E85 flexifuel vehicles is the result of the National Climate Policy in Global Cooperation Bill passed in 2005, which not only ratified the

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E85s for real-world testing in fleets in the U.S. Also as a demonstration project, Ford delivered in 2008 the first flexible-fuel plug-in hybrid SUV to the

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Despite the controversy, the first E85 flexible fuel vehicles were introduced in November 2008. The first two models available in the Thai market were the

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From 1 January 2011 E85 fuel is no longer excise-free in Ireland. Maxol has announced they will not provide E85 when their current supplies have run out.

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model, delivering the first cars in 2001, and selling more than 15,000 FFV Focus by 2005, then representing an 80% market share of the flexifuel market.

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infrastructure already in place, as around 27,000 filling stations countrywide were available by 1997 with at least one ethanol pump, a heritage of the

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ethanol (E100), or just on a blend of gasoline with 25 to 27% anhydrous ethanol (the mandatory blend), or on any arbitrary combination of both fuels.

9944: 7046: 10418: 9711: 9042: 8691: 7023: 6699: 6254: 5246: 9767: 7343: 6222: 4601: 686:. The Brazilian government provided three important initial drivers for the ethanol industry: guaranteed purchases by the state-owned oil company 450:

an ethanol flexible-fuel vehicle to add a natural gas tank and the corresponding injection system. This option is popular among taxicab owners in

144:, and both fuels are stored in the same common tank. Modern flex-fuel engines are capable of burning any proportion of the resulting blend in the 9738: 9554: 7289: 6797: 6666: 5139: 7312: 6467: 8962: 5279: 4173:

Click on the graph "Bought ethanol cars" showing total sales of E85 flexifuels by year since 2001. A total of 229,400 units is reported by 2015

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Ireland is the third best seller European market of E85 flex-fuel vehicles, after Sweden and France. Bioethanol (E85) in Ireland is made from

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Since 1975, and as a response to the shock caused by the first oil crisis, the Brazilian government implemented the National Alcohol Program -

9973: 9644: 8063: 6906: 6841: 5962: 654:. It began with a low blend of anhydrous alcohol with regular gasoline in 1976, and since July 2007 the mandatory blend is 25% of alcohol or 9056: 6608: 4060: 2245:(VED); and a 2% annual company car tax discount for flex-fuel cars. Despite the small number of E85 pump stations available, limited to the 1670:

In order to achieve these goals several government incentives were implemented. Ethanol, as the other biofuels, was exempted of both, the CO

10623: 9823: 8737: 6399:

Originally published online in Science Express on 7 February 2008. There are rebuttals to these findings for assuming a worst-case scenario

5775: 5569: 4305: 4279: 796: 156:

are adjusted automatically according to the actual blend detected by a fuel composition sensor. Flex-fuel vehicles are distinguished from

6636: 5306:"Lei Nº 8.723, de 28 de Outubro de 1993. Dispõe sobre a redução de emissão de poluentes por veículos automotores e dá outras providências" 5220: 4546: 579:

resulted in gasoline shortages and awareness on the dangers of oil dependence. This crisis opened a new opportunity for ethanol and other

10845: 9200: 9171: 8157: 7685: 6898: 6510: 2295: 2099:

cars in general get strong tax incentives in France, including a 0 or 50% reduction on the tax on new vehicles, and a 40% reduction on CO

232:). The alcohol content is reduced during the winter in regions where temperatures fall below 0 °C (32 °F) to a winter blend of 8282: 7489: 5596: 5113: 4663: 10335: 8366: 7904: 9410: 8221: 7092: 6943: 4633: 4440:

Sustainable Ethanol: Biofuels, Biorefineries, Cellulosic Biomass, Flex-Fuel Vehicles, and Sustainable Farming for Energy Independence

2758:

vehicles to receive extra credit but only when the carmakers present data proving how much E85 such vehicles have actually consumed.

211:

Though technology exists to allow ethanol FFVs to run on any mixture of gasoline and ethanol, from pure gasoline up to 100% ethanol (

10006: 9906: 9524: 8614: 1212:

Typical Brazilian flexible-fuel engine with secondary gasoline reservoir for cold starting the engine at temperatures below 15

7875: 10045: 5520: 5086: 8260: 8086: 7568: 2787: 7445: 6899:"Brazil Passenger Vehicle Market Statistics: International comparative assessment of technology adoption and energy consumption" 6195: 5040: 4986: 4926: 4693: 4468:

Davis, G.W.; et al. (6 August 2002). "Ethanol vehicle cold start improvement when using a hydrogen supplemented E85 fuel".

3884: 2233:

The UK government established several incentives for E85 flex-fuel vehicles. These include a fuel duty rebate on E85 fuel of 20

175:

The most common commercially available FFV in the world market is the ethanol flexible-fuel vehicle, with about 60 million

10370: 9878: 8854: 8343: 6141: 5900: 5809: 549:. Toyota announced plans to start production of a flex hybrid electric car for the Brazilian market in the second half of 2019. 383:

FFVs, but their use has been limited mainly to demonstration projects and small government fleets, particularly in California.

8561: 7944: 7069: 6441: 5305: 9452: 7150: 5401: 4865: 4447: 4028: 6818: 6559:

See Table 2.3 for production figures, and Tables 2.4 and 2.5 for actual registrations (includes flex imports from Argentina)

4740: 824:

Brazil in 2005. This shift also contributed to a sharp increase in the production and sale of E85 flex vehicles since 2002.

10509: 10411: 9797:"Thailand E85 tax incentive confusion has stymied flex-fuel car makers planning: ethanol glut looms as E85 takeoff delayed" 8312: 6416: 5197: 2630: 1238:

The flexibility of Brazilian FFVs empowers the consumers to choose the fuel depending on current market prices. As ethanol

7049:[Average age of Brazilian motorvehicles rises again while sales are falling] (in Portuguese). Revista Auto Esporte 5724: 5010: 8458: 7201: 5621:[In ceremony with President Temer, Toyota launches technology for the production of the first flex-fuel hybrid]. 4807: 4774: 697:

1.6 Total Flex. Several months later was followed by other Brazilian automakers, and by 2010 General Motors, Fiat, Ford,

9258: 6714: 4472:. Vol. 1. Energy Conversion Engineering Conference and Exhibit, 2000. (IECEC) 35th Intersociety. pp. 303–308. 1254:

Six typical flex-fuel models from several Brazilian carmakers, popularly known as "flex" cars, that run on any blend of

10351: 7232: 6992: 6541: 6042: 5472: 9502: 9223: 8714: 5543: 4896: 10652: 10363: 10243: 9977: 9336: 9096: 6583: 4485: 4120: 2745:

Some critics have argued that American automakers have been producing E85 flex models motivated by a loophole in the

2305: 8499: 7425:[Honda reaches 4 million flexible-fuel motorcycles produced in Brazil] (in Portuguese). Revista Auto Esporte 6665:

Associação Brasileira dos Fabricantes de Motocicletas, Ciclomotores, Motonetas, Bicicletas e Similares (ABRACICLO).

5937: 4955: 2675:) when filled with gasoline. Actual consumption of E85 among flex-fuel vehicle owners is limited. Nevertheless, the 2107:(VAT) on E85 vehicles. Also, E85 fuel price is set significantly lower than diesel or gasoline, resulting in E85 at 1277:

1.6 Total Flex, the first commercial flexible fuel vehicle capable of running on any blend of gasoline and ethanol.

1263: 655: 619: 274: 241: 237: 233: 8584: 8190: 8131: 7988: 7739: 7174: 5875: 2791: 838: 572: 9480: 5365: 3498:

vary widely in Brazil and the US. The states chosen reflect some of the lowest retail prices for ethanol, as both

795:, though nowadays these benefits are questioned and depend on the feedstock used for ethanol production and their 11058: 10667: 10404: 10282: 9583: 7619: 6966:"Automakers in Brazil Hit 10M Flex-Fuel Vehicle Mark; Brazilian Sugarcane Association Urges Global Dissemination" 5447: 3983: 3364: 1322: 390:. The term flexible-fuel vehicles is sometimes used to include other alternative fuel vehicles that can run with 308: 7966: 7799: 7519: 6794: 5901:"Anúario da Industria Automobilistica Brasileira 2010: Tabelas 2.1–2.2–2.3 Produção por combustível – 1957/2009" 4568: 4293:

Also published in the Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Vol. 62, January–February 2003, pp. 97–105

3306:

Brazil's fleet is 64.8 mi (2010), Sweden fleet is 4.8 mi (2008), and US fleet is 248.5 mi (2009).

2103:

tax for new cars. For company cars there is a corporate car tax free for two years and a recovery of 80% of the

10581: 7545: 6995:(in Portuguese). ANFAVEA – Associação Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veículos Automotores (Brasil). Archived from 6544:(in Portuguese). ANFAVEA – Associação Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veículos Automotores (Brasil). Archived from 5903:(in Portuguese). ANFAVEA – Associação Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veículos Automotores (Brasil). Archived from 5337: 4595:"Swedish comments on Euro 5/6 comitology version 4, 30 May 2007: Cold Temperature Tests For Flex Fuel Vehicles" 3758: 3754: 3567: 3452: 3416: 3027: 2857: 2794:(REAP). This ruling will provide financial assistance to fuel station owners to install E85 and blender pumps. 2746: 2200: 816: 9608: 9122: 8313:"Maxol Bioethanol E85 – Maxol Group – Fuel for All Engines. Maxol is Irelands leading independent oil company" 8033: 7662: 5421: 10971: 10682: 10188: 9525:"GM's high- ethanol Impalas seek future; Plan is to develop market via fleets No E85 stations for GTA owners" 8506: 6019:(in Portuguese). ANFAVEA – Associação Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veículos Automotores (Brasil). January 2011 5649: 10576: 9846: 5494: 2286:

bioethanol. Despite being introduced around a decade ago, E85 is no longer commercially available in the UK

10767: 7615: 6090:"Kia introduces new Flex-Fuel Soul Flex at Brazilian Motor Show; boosts output and lowers fuel consumption" 5171: 4155: 3963: 3745: 3233: 3229: 3225: 3208: 3137: 1592:

In 2005 both Volvo and Saab introduced to the Sweden market their flexifuel models. Saab began selling its

1336:

One of the latest innovation within the Brazilian flexible-fuel technology is the development of flex-fuel

1311: 1294:

of all new passenger vehicles sales in 2013. Production passed the 20 million-unit mark in June 2013.

538: 8908: 8815: 5842: 5838:

Programa de Biocombustíveis no Brasil e na Colômbia: uma análise da implantação, resultados e perspectivas

5836: 3280:

Brazil as of March 2018, Sweden sales as of September 2013 and U.S. fleet on the road as of December 2016.

10985: 10494: 9771: 9689: 9254: 8534: 6776: 4513: 2885: 1239: 739: 614:

was the first full flexible-fuel vehicle produced and sold in Brazil, capable of running on any blend of

606: 9385:"Caltex Australia Introduces E85 Fuel; Targeted for Commodore Flex-Fuel Vehicles Coming Later This Year" 6265: 5322:

See article 9º and modifications approved by Law Nº 10.696, 2003-07-02 increasing the upper limit to 25%

5250: 2195: 10978: 10734: 9066: 8875: 8763: 6993:"Anúario da Industria Automobilistica Brasileira 2012: Tabela 2.3 Produção por combustível – 1957/2012" 6542:"Anúario da Industria Automobilistica Brasileira 2018: Tabela 2.3 Produção por combustível – 1957/2017" 6229: 6013: 3644: 2803:

run on electricity, must meet current applicable U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards.

2783: 1586: 360: 160:, where two fuels are stored in separate tanks and the engine runs on one fuel at a time, for example, 125: 8897:

As of 23 November 2015, there were 3,218 stations Selling E85 across 2013 cities in the U.S.

8788: 6965: 6674: 6293:"Use of U.S. Croplands for Biofuels Increases Greenhouse Gases Through Emissions from Land-Use Change" 5143: 2786:

set the goal of installing 10,000 blender pumps nationwide until 2015, and to support this target the

2695: 599:. Ethanol, methanol and natural gas were the three alternative fuels that received more attention for 11068: 10825: 9913: 8621: 8510: 8432: 7320: 6801: 6752: 6506: 6474: 4833: 2761: 2676: 483: 240:

in Sweden from November until March. Brazilian flex fuel vehicles are optimized to run on any mix of

9933:

See Table 4.17: 162,350 conventional refueling stations and US motor vehicle fleet 248,460 vehicles.

9384: 8669: 3774: 11053: 10687: 10645: 10427: 3943: 2873: 2827: 2301: 1679: 1623: 1250: 792: 679: 600: 121: 28: 10012:(in Portuguese). Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis. 2008. Archived from 7569:"BioEthanol for Sustainable Transport: Results and recommendations from the European BEST project" 6845: 6172: 6089: 5966: 4233:[New registrations in December 2014 (preliminar)] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden. Archived from 3723: 3578: 10907: 10866: 10672: 10635: 10149: 9618: 8538: 6773: 4514:"Development of Technologies to Improve Cold Start Performance of Ethanol Vehicles: Final Report" 3968: 3915: 2913:

Government, the media, and some ethanol producers. E85 is not available widely in Australia, but

2123:(Citroen & Peugeot) announced they will start selling FFV cars beginning in the summer 2007. 807: 780: 592: 534: 462: 395: 9017: 8410: 5991: 5783: 4309: 3287:

estimates that in 2009 only 504,297 flex-fuel vehicles were regularly fueled with E85 in the US.

2143:

and other models as FFV versions between 2008 and 2010. The Saab 9-5 and Saab 9-3 Biopower, the

11032: 10871: 10709: 10548: 10489: 10312: 9286: 8010: 6868: 5224: 4104:

According to IHS Markit, as of 2017, there were more than 21 million FFVs in the United States.

4020: 3938: 3086: 2943: 1366: 842: 588: 475: 391: 286: 161: 8290: 8164: 7689: 7142: 6514: 4837: 2120: 1581:

refused to participate arguing there were not in place any ethanol filling stations. However,

1208: 646:), a nationwide program financed by the government to phase out automotive fuels derived from 11063: 10830: 10657: 9732: 8656: 8117: 7493: 5619:"Toyota lança em cerimônia com Temer tecnologia para produção de primeiro carro híbrido flex" 4667: 4637: 3140:

was launched becoming the first mass-production E85 flexi-fuel vehicle produced in Thailand.

2826:, launched in the United States market in December 2010, would be flex-fuel-capable in 2013. 2664: 1541:

Flexible-fuel vehicles were introduced in Sweden as a demonstration test in 1994, when three

504: 19:

This article is about alcohol and gasoline fueled vehicles. For other types of vehicles, see

10077: 9358: 5064: 2841: 2819:

Plug-in Hybrid capable of running on E85 or gasoline. General Motors announced that the new

293: 257: 11027: 10611: 10272: 10218: 9414: 9061: 7637:

See sections or chapters on Brazil (Chp 1), the US (3.3), Europe (Chp 4), and Sweden (4.11)

7277: 7099: 6366: 6306: 5851: 3828: 1282: 1270: 1198: 1194: 1182: 747: 675: 6749: 4331: 1318: 762:

was the first flexible-fuel vehicle produced with versions capable of running with either

8: 10876: 10302: 10213: 10104: 10013: 9917: 9528: 9228: 8625: 8388: 5719: 5495:"GM-VOLT : Chevy Volt Electric Car Site: Moving the Chevy Volt to Production Status" 3978: 2861: 2242: 1965: 639: 7879: 6370: 6345:

by Wang and Haq. There are critics to these findings for assuming a worst-case scenario.

6310: 3550:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

57:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

10543: 10228: 10049: 9242:

A similar bill has been presented in previous Congress sessions with the same objective

8850: 8286: 7658: 7369:"Nova Honda NXR 150 Bros Mix é a 1ª On-Off Road com tecnologia bicombustível do Brasil" 6390: 6355:

Fargione; et al. (29 February 2008). "Land Clearing and the Biofuel Carbon Debt".

6332: 6117:"Contaminação de Águas Subterrâneas por Derramamentos de Gasolina: O problema é grave?" 6067: 5574: 5090: 4491: 4013: 3988: 3846: 3003: 2975: 2816: 2705: 1708:

producing over 1600 hp when running on biofuel, as compared to 1280 hp on 95

1582: 1348:. In September 2009, Honda launched a second flexible-fuel motorcycle, the on-off-road 743: 659: 487: 479: 356: 313: 302: 145: 10391: 8936: 7575: 6068:"Livina, primeiro carro flex da Nissan chega com preços entre R$ 46.690 e R$ 56.690" 5652:[Toyota confirms production of the first flex-fuel hybrid in Brazil in 2019]. 4087: 3516: 3499: 2270:. Other models available in the UK are the Ford C-Max Flexi-Fuel, and the Saab models 410:(1.7 million), and Brazil (1.6 million). Natural gas vehicles are a popular choice as 192:, there have been successful test programs with methanol flex-fuel vehicles, known as 10949: 10815: 10662: 10586: 10518: 10443: 10223: 9447: 9145:"GM to launch 18 flexible fuel vehicles including Hummer, Chevrolet and Caddy models" 9036: 8925:

Number of stations in leading states complemented with search on www.e85refueling.com

8225: 7717: 7449: 7146: 7135: 6693: 6394: 6382: 6357: 6324: 6297: 6199: 6145: 5539: 5397: 5391: 5194:"Astra é líder no segmento dos compactos em 2004: As versões do Chevrolet Astra 2005" 4704: 4481: 4443: 4024: 3948: 3859: 3571: 3378: 2877: 2283: 2159:, and five Volvo models are also available in the German market by 2008. Since 2011, 1655:, and also let to the 2006 government's commitment to eliminate oil imports by 2020. 1550: 1259: 627: 496: 430: 278: 212: 9613: 8485:"What is the best fuel for my car? A guide to different fuel types | RAC Drive" 6336: 6149: 5904: 5813: 5746: 5679: 4495: 3409:

Selected regions:Brazil, May 2019, Sweden, January 2008, and United States, May 2019

1332:

The Honda Biz 125 flex is one of the five flex-fuel motorcycles available in Brazil.

10840: 10820: 10787: 10640: 10591: 10563: 10461: 10238: 10233: 10180: 9667: 7072:[Flex engines require more efficiency] (in Portuguese). Automotive Business 6445: 6374: 6314: 6116: 5846: 5309: 5014: 4703:(in Portuguese). Centro Nacional de Referência em Biomassa (Cenbio). Archived from 4473: 3090: 2963: 2925: 2865: 2766: 2164: 2160: 1698: 1690: 596: 580: 546: 403: 184: 169: 6341:

Originally published online in Science Express on 7 February 2008. See Letters to

11017: 11007: 10897: 10533: 10063:

As of August 2011 there were 2,450 E85 stations and 307 flex fuel installations.

8592: 6938: 6805: 6780: 6756: 6719: 5703:

Hunt, V, D, The Gasohol Handbook, Industrial Press Inc., 1981, pp 9, 420,421, 442

5654: 5387: 4470:

Ethanol vehicle cold start improvement when using a hydrogensupplemented E85 fuel

4378: 3863: 3665: 2928:, announced plans to install Australia's first commercial E85 fuel pumps, one in 2104: 1202: 576: 495:

was initially expected to be flex-fuel-capable in 2013, but it was not produced.

442: 426: 387: 282: 157: 153: 24: 10007:"Anuário Estatístico Brasileiro do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis 2008" 9309: 8320: 2192:

and the Mondeo flexifuel models. Saab and Volvo also have E85 models available.

1328: 821: 10927: 10917: 10835: 10699: 10630: 10568: 9413:. Canadian Vehicle Manufacturers' Association. 21 November 2007. Archived from 9119:"Letter to Nancy Pelosi, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives" 8820: 8367:"Los Saab Aero 2009 incorporarán la tecnología BioPower, que utiliza bioetanol" 7396:"Honda comemora 3 milhões de motos flex produzidas com edição especial FlexOne" 5498: 3812: 3422: 3384: 2939: 2902: 2823: 2820: 2812: 2709: 2238: 2136: 2013: 1869: 1737: 1644: 1554: 1274: 788: 694: 683: 611: 508: 491: 470: 466: 455: 320: 197: 149: 32: 9824:"Volvo launches flex fuel S80 and C30 in Thailand to go with new E85 stations" 8462: 7284:[Today just 23% of flex fuel cars are using ethanol] (in Portuguese). 7026:[Brazil reaches 20 million flex fuel cars] (in Portuguese). UOL Carros 4692:<Please add first missing authors to populate metadata.> (August 2008). 4477: 1658: 11047: 11022: 10954: 10932: 10792: 10704: 10601: 10553: 10523: 10484: 10287: 10277: 9904: 9175: 9092: 8612: 6724: 6579: 5779: 5600: 5521:"Detroit Auto Show: It's here. GM's plug-in hybrid is the Chevy Volt Concept" 4803: 4770: 4547:"When is E85 not 85 percent ethanol? When it's E70 with an E85 sticker on it" 3929: 3880: 3728: 3692: 3630: 3431: 3393: 3195: 2831: 2660: 1709: 1244: 767: 584: 519: 500: 205: 141: 10396: 9641:"Polémica por decreto que impone el uso de combustible con un 85% de etanol" 7574:. Environmental and Health Administration, City of Stockholm. Archived from 6996: 6415:. Environmental Information Administration. 22 February 2006. Archived from 6378: 6319: 6292: 6114: 3617: 2148: 1701:, is currently the fastest and most powerful flexible fuel vehicle with its 188:

to flex-fuel vehicles running with ethanol, in Europe and the US, mainly in

10912: 10777: 10757: 10742: 10677: 10618: 10606: 10292: 10127:"National Survey Reveals Ignorance about Ethanol Runs High among Consumers" 9873: 7285: 6545: 6386: 6328: 5771: 4900: 4800:"Volks lança sistema que elimina tanquinho de gasolina para partida a frio" 4125: 3973: 3958: 3953: 3820: 3782: 3778: 3622: 3582: 2999: 2835: 2729: 2156: 1702: 1613: 1299: 1291: 1278: 763: 647: 623: 559: 542: 515: 422: 137: 85: 81: 9582:(in Spanish). Ministerio de Minas y Energía. 31 March 2009. Archived from 6504: 6185:

Original source: 1996 North American International Auto Show Press Release

5062: 4831: 4437: 3684: 3259:

In 2007, most Swedish ethanol was imported, with a high share from Brazil.

1566: 806:

in the United States was stimulated by the discovery in the late 90s that

635: 451: 429:

2.0 with a "MultiPower" engine built on flex fuel technology developed by

215:), North American and European flex-fuel vehicles are optimized to run on 76: 10762: 10476: 10453: 10307: 10297: 10265: 10255: 8816:"The CAFE Numbers Game: Making Sense of the New Fuel-Economy Regulations" 8738:"AFVI: Ford confirms that all 2008 police interceptors will be flex-fuel" 5624: 3824: 3816: 3803: 3670: 3660: 3652: 3626: 3114: 2850: 2725: 2648: 2279: 2144: 2140: 1941: 1917: 1542: 1337: 776: 759: 511: 201: 8194: 8135: 7747: 5170:(in Portuguese). Institutio Brasileiro de Petroleo e Gas. Archived from 4720:

Ano 2, No. 3 (every article is presented in both English and Portuguese)

4379:"Flexible Fuel Vehicles: Providing a Renewable Fuel Choice (Fact Sheet)" 10324: 10319: 10260: 10250: 7849: 6290: 5308:(in Portuguese). Casa Civil da Presidência da República. Archived from 4592: 3850: 3799: 3795: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3741: 3709: 3688: 3656: 3648: 3639: 3245: 3118: 3106: 2910: 2906: 2790:(USDA) issued a rule in May 2011 to include flexible fuel pumps in the 2644: 2189: 1570: 1217: 803: 726: 710: 651: 568: 563: 438: 335: 262: 229: 189: 180: 176: 113: 9945:"Frota de veículos cresce 119% em dez anos no Brasil, aponta Denatran" 7313:"Honda Begins Sales of Flex Fuel Motorcycle CG150 TITAN MIX in Brazil" 7047:"Com vendas em queda, idade média de veículos volta a subir no Brasil" 6528:

Only includes vehicles "made available" for sale or lease of a new AFV

3897:

List of currently produced flexible-fuel vehicles in the United States

2967:

plans to increase to 100 metropolitan and regional locations in 2011.

1205:, the first flex fuel model without an auxiliary tank for cold start. 718: 10942: 10937: 10922: 10747: 10719: 10714: 10504: 10499: 10435: 8994: 8848: 6513:. Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center. Archived from 5650:"Toyota confirma produção do primeiro híbrido flex no Brasil em 2019" 5156:

See this article for a comprehensive evaluation of the Astra Tri-fuel

4960: 3855: 3841: 3837: 3717: 3713: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3635: 3503: 3282:

The Brazilian fleet includes over 6.0 million flex fuel motorcycles.

3129: 3125: 2933: 2869: 2775: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2246: 2217: 2132: 1705: 1694: 1663: 1617: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1558: 1286:

vehicle segments except sports cars, off-road vehicles and minivans.

811: 687: 418: 407: 342: 266: 220: 20: 9411:"Listing of Flexible Fuel Vehicles Available in the Canadian market" 5282:(in Portuguese). Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento 5089:. International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles. Archived from 4544: 3909: 3526: 2203:

flexible fuel vehicle commercially available in the European market.

421:

vehicles are capable of operating with more than two fuels. In 2004

11012: 10807: 10797: 9172:"House members introduce technology-neutral Open Fuel Standard Act" 8761: 8585:"Obama's fuel-efficiency push may lead fleets to use more gasoline" 3868: 3679: 3675: 3082: 3069: 3023: 2921: 2701: 2275: 2271: 1627: 1616:

was introduced with E85 compatible engines, and Volvo launched the

1609: 1593: 1562: 1232: 1225: 667: 615: 523: 447: 380: 379:

has also been blended with gasoline in flex-fuel vehicles known as

376: 270: 193: 133: 93: 89: 9733:

Paraguai lança programa de estímulo a carros "flex" (8 May 2008).

9690:"Paraguai pode ser o primeiro destino dos carros "flex" do Brasil" 8034:"Volvo Goes Green: BioEthanol 'FlexiFuel' Cars Launched in Europe" 7876:"Schweiz: E85 mit besserer Ökobilanz als herkömmliche Treibstoffe" 7093:"Brazil Institute Special Report: The Global Dynamics of Biofuels" 6871:[GM launches the 2004 Corsa 1.8 with "Flexpower" engine]. 5292:

This decree fixed the mandatory blend at 25% starting July 1, 2007

4353: 10881: 10861: 10731: 10596: 10466: 10208: 10198: 9253: 8963:"USDA issues rule to provide incentives to install blender pumps" 7623: 6896: 6442:"Industry Statistics: Annual World Ethanol Production by Country" 6014:"Produção de Automóveis por Tipo e Combustível – 2010(Tabela 10)" 5597:"Lotus unveils range-extended electric city car concept in Paris" 5196:(in Portuguese). Journal Express. 18 January 2005. Archived from 3923: 3791: 3508: 3133: 2991: 2947: 2717: 2689: 2152: 2116: 2096: 1989: 1893: 1821: 1797: 1652: 1578: 1310:

ethanol program. These facts, together with the mandatory use of

1255: 1213: 784: 754: 702: 698: 663: 411: 399: 349: 245: 225: 165: 10147: 9712:"Paraguay dará el paso decisivo a la era del alcohol carburante" 7823: 6040: 4159: 3511:

to 3% in Utah. See more US price comparisons for most states at

3490:

Brazil, May 2019, Sweden, May 2019, and United States, May 2019.

2220:, making necessary to deploy an official E85 fueling station in 2078:

Note: Only countries with ten or more E85 stations are included.

1585:

took the offer and began importing the flexifuel version of its

1546: 541:

universities, and a prototype was tested for six months using a

196:

flex-fuel vehicles. There have been also successful tests using

11002: 10752: 10203: 9905:

Stacy C. Davis; Susan W. Diegel; Robert G. Boundy (June 2011).

8912: 8613:

Stacy C. Davis; Susan W. Diegel; Robert G. Boundy (July 2014).

8582: 7098:. Brazil Institute of the Woodrow Wilson Center. Archived from 4442:. Prairie Oak Publishing, Maryville, Missouri. pp. 56–61. 3808: 3456: 3448: 3441: 3403: 3182: 3169: 3102: 3098: 3094: 2995: 2980: 2955: 2951: 2929: 2716:

E85 flex-fuel vehicles are becoming increasingly common in the

2221: 2180: 2037: 1845: 1773: 1596:, joined in 2006 by its 9-5 2.3 Biopower. Volvo introduced its 722: 714: 530: 8497: 7371:(in Portuguese). MotoDriver. 17 September 2009. Archived from 6819:"Álcool ou Gasolina? Saiba qual escolher quando for abastecer" 6576:"Motos flex foram as mais vendidas em 2009 na categoria 150cc" 4198:[Final registrations in 2012] (in Swedish). Bil Sweden 3367:. Brazil and US as of 2008-09-12, and Sweden as of 2008-06-30. 3325:

Brazil for December 2007, the US and Sweden as of August 2011.

7316: 7090: 6770: 6261: 4634:"FAQs: Do ethanol cars really start when it is cold outside?" 3875: 3833: 3787: 3750: 3435: 3426: 3397: 3388: 3284: 3253: 3110: 3011: 3007: 2721: 2234: 2185: 2112: 2061: 1574: 1341: 706: 575:. However, cheaper oil caused gasoline to prevail, until the 328: 8883: 8389:"First 'Green' Ford Focus Flexi-Fuel Car Arrives In Britain" 7713:"This is the Koenigsegg Jesko, the world's first 300mph car" 7423:"Honda chega a 4 milhões de Motos Flex Produzidas no Brasil" 7132: 3512: 2663:. Many of the models available in the market are trucks and 8533: 7943:. Bio-Ethanol (E85) en Belgique. 8 May 2007. Archived from 6530:

Click to download the Excel file "10299_AFV_available.xlsx.

4838:"Alternative and Advanced Vehicles: Flexible Fuel Vehicles" 4545:

Ethanol Promotion; Information Council (27 February 2007).

4053:"Carro flex chega aos 15 anos com 30,5 milhões de unidades" 3872: 3607:

List of currently produced flexible-fuel vehicles in Brazil

3057: 3053: 2176: 2108: 1604:

with flexible-fuel engines, joined in late 2006 by the new

671: 434: 129: 9089:"Carro híbrido Volt da GM deveria incluir tecnologia flex" 7878:(in German). Schweizer Bauer. 23 June 2008. Archived from 7024:"Brasil chega aos 20 milhões de motores flex, diz Anfavea" 5834: 4055:[Flex car arrives at 15 with 30.5 million units]. 533:

announced the development of the world's first commercial

10772: 8433:"About Ford FFV – a small change making a big difference" 6746: 6354: 4863: 3374: 3293:

Share of flex-fuel vehicles as % of total registered

3218: 3213: 2987: 2959: 2846: 2656: 2652: 1724: 1631: 316: 298: 216: 8849:

Michael Bredehoeft; Mindi Farber-DeAnda (7 March 2014).

8764:"Dual-Fuel Vehicles Open Mileage Loophole for Carmakers" 8762:

Alexei Barrionuevo; Micheline Maynard (31 August 2006).

8690:. About.com: Hybrid Cars & Alt Fuels. Archived from 8087:"Stillborn: French gas stations chain stops selling E85" 7746:. Koenigsegg Automotive AB. 7 March 2019. Archived from 7517: 7341: 7171:"ANP: consumo de álcool combustível é 50% maior em 2007" 6223:"Why is ethanol given emphasis over methanol in Sweden?" 5249:(in French). Caradisiac. 1 November 2007. Archived from 2962:

ethanol fuel called Bio E-Flex, designed for use in the

9643:(in Spanish). Portafolio. 24 April 2009. Archived from 9609:"Decreto que aumenta el uso de etanol prendió polémica" 8163:(in German). e85.biz. 16 September 2008. Archived from 7566: 6142:"Cars On Alcohol, Part 9: Corn Based Ethanol in the US" 6115:

Henry Xavier Corseuil; Marcus Sal Molin Marins (1997).

5444:"Hybrids Running on E85 Ethanol Fuel: 5 Things to Know" 4593:

Vägverket (Swedish Road Administration) (30 May 2007).

4276:"The Methanol Story: A Sustainable Fuel for the Future" 4088:"Alternative Fuels Data Center: Flexible Fuel Vehicles" 3344:

As % of total fueling gas stations in the country.

3143: 2834:. If successful, GM would adapt the Volt to operate on 1634:

model introduced by Saab in the Swedish market in 2007.

490:, which runs on gasoline or E85. GM announced that the 8685: 8031: 6041:

Adam Lashinsky; Nelson D. Schwartz (24 January 2006).

5114:"Forecast: 17M Natural Gas Vehicles Worldwide by 2015" 4303: 571:

continued to advocate for ethanol as fuel even during

10150:"Imposto põe gasolina brasileira entre as mais caras" 10148:

Daniel Bergamasco; Roberto Machado (27 August 2008).

9735:"Paraguai lança programa de estímulo a carros "flex"" 9527:. IOGEN Corporation. 17 December 2005. Archived from 9443:"Biofuels help environment, but they're hard to find" 8562:"GM, Ford announce E15 compatibility with new models" 8344:"Spain adding flex-fuel capability to official fleet" 6468:"Changing the Climate: Ethanol Industry Outlook 2008" 6291:

Timothy Searchinger; et al. (29 February 2008).

5807: 4840:. Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center 4438:

Goettemoeller, Jeffrey; Adrian Goettemoeller (2007).

4356:. Institute for the Analysis of Global Security. 2003 4308:. About.com:Hybrid Cars and Alt Fuels. Archived from 4010: 2692:

for example, E70 is sold as E85 from October to May.

670:, after testing with several prototypes developed by 562:, produced from 1908 through 1927, was fitted with a 9912:. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 9668:"Introducing New Zealand's First Flexi-Fuel Vehicle" 9365:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 24 March 2010 9197:"Bipartisan Group Introduces Open Fuel Standard Act" 9057:"GM vai trazer Volt para o Brasil para fazer testes" 8990:"USDA offers incentives to boost E-85 flex fuel use" 8911:. National Ethanol Vehicle Coalition. Archived from 8620:. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 8559: 8509:, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 8498:

Stacy C. Davis & Robert G. Boundy (April 2020).

8056:"Saab brings flexi-fuel and style to new 9-3 models" 7276: 7200:(in Portuguese). Agropecuária Brasil. Archived from 6897:

Francisco Posada; Cristiano Façanha (October 2015).

6712: 6667:"Anúario da Indústria Brasileira de Duas Rodas 2013" 5930:"Volkswagen to stop making gas-only cars for Brazil" 5393:

Plug-in Hybrids: The Cars that will Recharge America

3905: 3151:

Comparison of key characteristics among the leading

1323:

Brazilian ethanol industry crisis that began in 2009

848:

Ethanol flex-fuel motor vehicle production in Brazil

827: 9900: 9898: 9896: 9147:. Live Wire Edition. 22 August 2008. Archived from 7941:"Etat des choses dans différents pays (avril 2007)" 6934:"Brasil alcança marca de 10 milhões de carros flex" 6228:. Chalmers University of Technology. Archived from 6070:(in Portuguese). Car Magazine Online. 18 March 2009 5536:"GM Chevrolet Volt Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle" 5396:. New Society Publishers, Gabriola Island, Canada. 5364:(in Portuguese). TDenavagari.com.br. Archived from 5331: 5221:"Fiat Siena Tetra Power: Your Choice of Four Fuels" 4092:

Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center

2647:there are about 70 vehicles E85 capable, including 1231:Brazilian flex cars are capable of running on just 10124: 9665: 9016:Division, US EPA, OAR, OTAQ, Compliance; EPA, US. 8715:"More gas cap news: Chrysler going yellow for E85" 7918:Only Morrison Supermarkets BioEthanol E85 reported 7310: 7198:"ANP estima que consumo de álcool supere gasolina" 7134: 6795:Alternative Fuel Efficiencies in Miles per Gallon. 5965:(in Portuguese). Wolkswagen Brazil. Archived from 5063:Alternative Fuels; Advanced Vehicles Data Center. 4012: 3596:List of flexible-fuel vehicles by car manufacturer 3515:, and annual fuel costs for 2008 FFV US models at 3136:will have E85 fuel available. In October 2009 the 2736: 1174:Motorcycles: ABRACICLO 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012. 9762: 9760: 9758: 9756: 9503:"UPI Energy LP Opens Third E85 Station in Canada" 7800:"Search tool to locate E85 in European countries" 7222: 7091:Daniel Budny and Paulo Sotero, ed. (April 2007). 6669:[Two Wheels Brazilian Industry Yearbook] 6043:"How to Beat the High Cost of Gasoline. Forever!" 5467: 5465: 5218: 5212: 4694:"Here comes the 'Flex' vehicles third generation" 4273: 4224: 4222: 4220: 4218: 4216: 4189: 4187: 4185: 4183: 4181: 4019:. Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, England. pp. 3527:List of currently produced flexible-fuel vehicles 2111:0.80, diesel at €1.15, and gasoline at €1.30 per 1340:. The first flex-fuel motorcycle was launched by 662:, the first vehicle capable of running with pure 11045: 9942: 9893: 9799:. Biofuel Digest. 29 August 2008. Archived from 9065:(in Portuguese). 10 January 2011. Archived from 8851:"E85 fueling station availability is increasing" 8606: 8583:Angela Greiling Keane; Jeff Green (5 May 2011). 8491: 7393: 7195: 6196:"Cars On Alcohol, Part 13: GM Supports FlexFuel" 5570:"Sorting Myth From Fact as Volt Makes Its Debut" 5567: 4737:"Bosch investe na segunda geração do motor flex" 4511: 3350:Ethanol fueling stations per million inhabitants 2838:, as most new cars sold in Brazil are flex-fuel. 1620:with a 2.5-litre turbocharged Flexifuel engine. 10392:US Department of Energy: Flexible Fuel Vehicles 10048:. Growth Energy. 26 August 2011. Archived from 9737:(in Portuguese). O Globo Online. Archived from 9481:"Biofuel cars have nowhere to gas up in Canada" 9247: 8500:"Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 38.1" 8250: 8112: 8110: 8108: 8106: 8104: 7868: 7613: 7253: 7021: 6869:"GM lança Corsa 1.8 com motor "Flexpower" 2004" 6798:United States Energy Information Administration 5533: 5386: 5274: 5272: 5270: 5268: 4739:(in Portuguese). Gazeta do Povo. Archived from 4334:. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, USDoE 4269: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4261: 4259: 4257: 4255: 666:ethanol (E100) was launched to the market, the 10141: 10099: 10097: 10095: 10072: 10070: 9844: 9821: 9753: 9553:. Biofuels Canada. August 2007. Archived from 9259:"Going Global – 2015 Ehtanol Industry Outlook" 9199:. Biofuels Journal. 4 May 2011. Archived from 8341: 7986: 7648: 7646: 7644: 7616:"A Blueprint for Green Energy in the Americas" 7282:"Etanol é usado hoje em apenas 23% dos carros" 7168: 7067: 6931: 5810:"Brazil's Ethanol Program – An Insider's View" 5462: 5137: 4734: 4433: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4425: 4423: 4421: 4419: 4213: 4178: 3465:Price economy ethanol/gasoline price as % 1532:Sources: 2001–2010 BioAlcohol Fuel Foundation, 1172:: Cars and light trucks: ANFAVEA (2003–2017). 10426: 10412: 10371: 10040: 10038: 9974:European Automobile Manufacturers Association 9907:"Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 30" 9577:"Decreto Número 1135 del 31 de Marzo de 2009" 9478: 9440: 9221: 8757: 8755: 8644: 8615:"Transportation Energy Data Book: Edition 33" 8246: 8244: 7935: 7933: 7931: 7929: 7927: 7925: 7793: 7791: 7789: 7787: 7785: 7683: 7655:"Projects across Europe: The Swedish example" 7483: 7481: 7479: 7477: 7475: 7473: 7471: 7469: 7467: 6907:International Council on Clean Transportation 6660: 6658: 6631: 6629: 6603: 6601: 6569: 6567: 6473:. Renewable Fuels Association. Archived from 6444:. Renewable Fuels Association. Archived from 5986: 5984: 5873: 5641: 5446:. GreenCar.com. 16 March 2009. Archived from 5420:. HybridCarBlog. 11 June 2007. Archived from 5142:(in Portuguese). UOL Car Sale. Archived from 5111: 4891: 4889: 4887: 4864:Dominik Rutz; Rainer Jansen (February 2007). 4794: 4792: 4760: 4758: 4687: 4685: 4571:. Interesting Energy Facts. 23 September 2008 4417: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4409: 4407: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4399: 2625:Note: * Net increase is new FFVs manufactured 9169: 9041:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 8928: 8813: 8364: 8305: 8253:"Ford expands the Mondeo options with Flexi" 8101: 7899: 7897: 7783: 7781: 7779: 7777: 7775: 7773: 7771: 7769: 7767: 7765: 7518:Volvo Cars Press Release (8 November 2006). 7448:. BioAlcohol Fuel Foundation. Archived from 7414: 7387: 7342:Reese Ewing; Lisa Shumaker (29 April 2009). 7216: 6842:"Saiba o que fazer para economizar gasolina" 6698:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 5994:(in Portuguese). ParanaOnline. 30 March 2006 5957: 5955: 5924: 5922: 5770: 5612: 5610: 5265: 4881:See definition in Glossary and Abbreviations 4764: 4373: 4371: 4252: 4158:. BioAlcohol Fuel Foundation. Archived from 4114: 4112: 3081:In 2006, tax incentives were established in 2917:provided the E85 blend fuel for this trial. 2811:In 2008, Ford delivered the first flex-fuel 2640:2005, and rose to 7.3 million in 2008. 1678:bonus to buyers of FFVs, exemption from the 10846:Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle 10092: 10067: 9999: 9617:(in Spanish). 25 April 2009. Archived from 9436: 9434: 9432: 9307: 9121:. e85fuel. 9 September 2008. Archived from 8844: 8842: 8283:"Flexible-fuel: A new innovation from Ford" 8032:Motoring Channel Staff (16 November 2006). 7982: 7980: 7688:. Ethanol Producer Magazine. Archived from 7641: 7560: 7513: 7511: 7492:. Ethanol Producer Magazine. Archived from 7344:"Motorcycle joins Brazil's biofueled fleet" 7189: 7162: 7061: 7015: 6984: 6892: 6890: 6533: 6500: 6498: 6496: 6220: 5895: 5893: 5766: 5764: 5563: 5561: 4949: 4947: 4945: 4859: 4857: 4855: 4666:. Ethanol Producer Magazine. Archived from 4540: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4507: 4505: 4467: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4040: 4006: 4004: 3331:Ethanol filling stations as % of total 3242:Main feedstock used for ethanol consumption 2797: 2296:Flexible-fuel vehicles in the United States 1715: 269:car designed to run as a flex-fuel on pure 10419: 10405: 10378: 10364: 10336:Nuclear power proposed as renewable energy 10035: 9994:See pp. 12 Table 10: Total vehicles in use 9869:"Mitsubishi launches flexible-fuel Lancer" 9791: 9789: 9692:(in Portuguese). UOL Economia. 24 May 2007 8987: 8868: 8781: 8752: 8735: 8679: 8651:Davis; et al. (2011). "op. cit": 2–6. 8358: 8241: 8216: 8214: 8212: 8078: 7922: 7677: 7464: 7335: 7141:. Island Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 7128: 7126: 7124: 7122: 7120: 7070:"Motores flex precisam de mais eficiência" 6790: 6788: 6766: 6764: 6673:(in Portuguese). ABRACICLO. Archived from 6655: 6626: 6598: 6564: 6348: 6170: 5981: 5617:Barbiéri, Luiz Felipe (13 December 2018). 5300: 5298: 4953: 4899:. Sustainable Green Fleets. Archived from 4884: 4789: 4755: 4682: 4661: 4657: 4655: 4463: 4461: 4459: 4396: 4228: 3068:Government officials and businessmen from 3026:government enacted a mandate to introduce 802:The demand for ethanol fuel produced from 9474: 9472: 9470: 8712: 8576: 8191:"Flexible Fuel Vehicles (FFV) in Germany" 8011:"Ford is flex-fuel top seller in Germany" 7989:"Ford is flex-fuel top seller in Germany" 7905:"E85 Pump stations map locator in the UK" 7894: 7762: 7652: 7487: 7256:"Etanol é usado em 65% da frota flexível" 7173:(in Portuguese). Invertia. Archived from 6839: 6816: 6573: 6318: 6284: 5952: 5919: 5850: 5835:Julieta Andrea Puerto Rico (8 May 2008). 5803: 5801: 5607: 5527: 5336:(in Portuguese). WebMotor. Archived from 5334:"Siena Tetrafuel vai custar R$ 41,9 mil" 5280:"Portaria Nº 143, de 27 de Junho de 2007" 5247:"Nouvelle Fiat Siena 2008: sans complexe" 4827: 4825: 4730: 4728: 4726: 4368: 4109: 3205:Type of flexible-fuel vehicle (fuel used) 10152:(in Portuguese). Folha de S.Paulo Online 9666:Ford press release (14 September 2006). 9429: 8839: 8560:Susanne Retka Schill (17 October 2012). 8150: 7977: 7609: 7607: 7605: 7603: 7601: 7599: 7597: 7508: 6925: 6887: 6713:João Gabriel de Lima (1 February 2006). 6706: 6493: 6060: 6006: 5890: 5761: 5647: 5616: 5558: 5105: 4942: 4852: 4628: 4626: 4624: 4622: 4531: 4502: 4118: 4075: 4037: 4001: 3722: 3577: 3566: 3459:, May 2019, and United States, May 2019. 2974: 2840: 2760: 2694: 2194: 2088:offering flexifuel autos in the region. 1657: 1622: 1327: 1249: 1207: 753: 605: 307: 292: 256: 75: 9847:"Thailand Introduces First E85 Vehicle" 9786: 9359:"Govt backs plan for bio-ethanol plant" 9330: 9287:"GM Begins Saab E85 Trial in Australia" 9015: 8527: 8209: 7797: 7542:"About Volvo Corporation 2007 and 2008" 7520:"Volvo Expands Range of FlexiFuel Cars" 7133:Inslee, Jay; Bracken Hendricks (2007). 7117: 7084: 6958: 6785: 6761: 6034: 5712: 5473:"Ford Delivers Flex Fuel Hybrid to DOE" 5380: 5295: 5165: 5159: 4652: 4456: 4231:"Nyregistreringar december 2014 (prel)" 3312:Ethanol fueling stations in the country 2199:The Ford Focus flexifuel was the first 11046: 10125:Harris Interactive (22 January 2007). 9936: 9714:(in Spanish). ABC Digital. 21 May 2008 9551:"Canadian roadways grow eager for E85" 9467: 9224:"ZUBRIN: Open standards for auto fuel" 8855:U.S. Energy Information Administration 8158:"Bioethanoltankstellen in Deutschland" 7704: 6410:"Eliminating MTBE in Gasoline in 2006" 5992:"Volkswagen lança Golf Total Flex 1.6" 5852:10.11606/D.86.2007.tde-07052008-115336 5808:Milton Briquet Bastos (20 June 2007). 5798: 5168:"Montadores Investem nos Carros á GNV" 4822: 4723: 4588: 4586: 4384:. U.S. Department of Energy. June 2008 4193: 4149: 4147: 4145: 4143: 4050: 3265:Total flex-fuel vehicles produced/sold 3153:ethanol flexible-fuel vehicle markets 2815:as part of a demonstration project, a 2806: 10400: 9943:Ardilhes Moreira (13 February 2011). 9289:. Green Car Congress. 17 January 2007 8650: 8411:"Volvo increases its Flexifuel range" 8222:"Ireland discovers the whey to go..." 8084: 8013:. Green Car Congress. 8 February 2008 7594: 7446:"FFV-Vehicles: Environmental class 1" 7420: 7258:(in Portuguese). Diario do Grande ABC 7254:Wagner Oliveira (30 September 2009). 7044: 6866: 6639:[2011 Motorcycle Production] 6511:"On Road AFVs Made Available by Year" 6505:National Renewable Energy Laboratory 6460: 6434: 6247: 6082: 5475:. Fuel and Food America. 12 June 2008 5079: 5039:. Biofuel Marketplace. Archived from 4985:. Biofuel Marketplace. Archived from 4925:. Biofuel Marketplace. Archived from 4832:National Renewable Energy Laboratory 4619: 4600:. European Commission. Archived from 3574:(Brazilian version, known as "Kombi") 2782:for each dedicated ethanol tank. The 1281:followed three months later with the 8934: 8553: 8118:"Sweden prices of gasoline may 2019" 7967:"Stations – E85 – stations – Search" 7311:Honda News Release (11 March 2003). 6844:(in Portuguese). IGF. Archived from 5864:Ph.D. Dissertation Thesis, pp. 81-82 5648:Fagundes, Dyogo (13 December 2018). 5568:Norman Mayersohn (15 October 2010). 5359: 5332:Agência AutoInforme (19 June 2006). 5219:Christine Lepisto (27 August 2006). 4278:. Methanol Institute. Archived from 4153: 3530: 3144:Comparison among the leading markets 2954:, Veolia Environmental Services and 2631:National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1185:, flex, and diesel-powered vehicles. 658:. In 1979, and as a response to the 514:designed for flex-fuel operation on 84:'s engine was capable of running on 37: 9877:. 16 September 2009. Archived from 9845:Michelle Kautz (27 November 2008). 8342:Xavier Navarro (30 December 2007). 7710: 7394:Leonardo Andrade (8 October 2013). 6990: 6539: 5828: 5677: 5589: 5534:Kellen Schefter (10 January 2007). 5418:"Ford delivers E85 hybrid vehicles" 4999:See definition of Dual-Fuel Vehicle 4583: 4561: 4354:"Alternative Fuels: P-series fuels" 4140: 4121:"Why hybrid car sales are stalling" 2671:(12 L/100 km; 24 mpg 375:(E100) or any combination of both. 16:Vehicle that runs on multiple fuels 13: 10078:"Brasil Preços da gasolina, litro" 9967:"European Motor Vehicle Parc 2008" 9822:Sam Abuelsamid (2 December 2008). 9441:Kathryn Young (23 February 2008). 9331:Hassall, David (9 November 2007). 8835:From the print edition of C&D. 8251:Michael Moroney (20 August 2008). 8062:. 21 November 2007. Archived from 7987:Xavier Navarro (10 January 2008). 7544:. Volvo Cars. 2008. Archived from 5680:"Ethanol fuel: Journey to Forever" 4196:"Definitiva nyregistreringar 2012" 3890: 2891: 2131:Biofuel emphasis in Germany is on 1228:flex fuel vehicles too expensive. 808:methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) 441:, a four-fuel car developed under 14: 11080: 10653:Electric motorcycles and scooters 10167: 9768:"Thailand fuels: Thai indecision" 9479:Kathryn Young (1 November 2007). 9095:. 14 January 2011. Archived from 8937:"Renewable Fuels Face Bumpy Road" 8736:Abuelsamid, Sam (28 March 2007). 8319:. The Maxol Group. Archived from 7686:"Ethanol use increases in Sweden" 6198:. Green Car. 1995. Archived from 5874:William Lemos (5 February 2007). 5138:Rafaela Borges (25 August 2004). 5112:Pike Research (19 October 2009). 5053:See definition of Bi-fuel Vehicle 5008: 4512:Gregory W. Davis (11 June 2001). 2728:and is the primary feedstock for 2311:E85 FFVs Manufactured and in Use 2306:Ethanol fuel in the United States 2228: 2167:with a 1.6l 16v flexfuel engine. 828:Flexible-fuel vehicles by country 128:designed to run on more than one 10187: 10118: 10046:"New E85 and Flex Fuel Stations" 9959: 9861: 9838: 9815: 9726: 9704: 9682: 9659: 9633: 9601: 9569: 9543: 9517: 9495: 9403: 9377: 9351: 9324: 9301: 9279: 9215: 9189: 9163: 9137: 9111: 9081: 9049: 9009: 8981: 8955: 8935:Hess, Glen (17 September 2007). 8901: 8807: 8729: 8706: 8477: 8451: 8425: 8403: 8381: 8365:Europa Press (28 October 2008). 8335: 8275: 8183: 8124: 8048: 8025: 8003: 7959: 7842: 7816: 7812:This tool works in ten languages 7732: 7567:BEST Cities and Regions (2009). 7534: 7443: 7437: 7361: 7304: 7270: 7247: 7223:D. Sean Shurtleff (7 May 2008). 7158:See Chapter 6. Homegrown Energy. 7038: 7022:Fernando Calmon (28 June 2013). 5812:. Energy Tribune. Archived from 5713:English, Andrew (25 July 2008). 5140:"Testes: Astra Sedan Multipower" 5087:"Natural Gas Vehicle Statistics" 4701:Revista Brasileira de BioEnergia 4691: 4306:"P-series Fuel 101: What is it?" 4015:Sustainable Automobile Transport 4011:Ryan, Lisa; Turton, Hal (2007). 3922: 3908: 3535: 3188: 3175: 3162: 2792:Rural Energy for America Program 2627:discounted by the survival rate. 2289: 2278:Flex-Fuel Biopower, and the new 2054: 2030: 2006: 1982: 1958: 1934: 1910: 1886: 1862: 1838: 1814: 1790: 1766: 1730: 1630:SportCombi BioPower. The second 839:Flexible-fuel vehicles in Brazil 797:indirect land use change impacts 96:, or a mixture of the first two. 42: 10700:Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle 10347:Topics by country and territory 8941:Chemical & Engineering News 8909:"E85 Refueling Location Search" 7620:Inter-American Development Bank 7225:"Brazil's energy plan examined" 7169:Agência Brasil (15 July 2008). 6942:(in Portuguese). Archived from 6932:Agência Estado (4 March 2010). 6860: 6833: 6810: 6740: 6723:(in Portuguese). Archived from 6402: 6214: 6188: 6164: 6134: 6108: 5936:. 23 March 2006. Archived from 5867: 5739: 5706: 5697: 5671: 5513: 5487: 5436: 5410: 5353: 5325: 5239: 5186: 5131: 5056: 5029: 5002: 4975: 4915: 4806:. 12 March 2009. Archived from 4735:Agência Estado (10 June 2008). 4346: 4324: 4119:Flavelle, Dana (19 June 2015). 4059:(in Portuguese). Archived from 4051:Curcio, Mário (23 March 2018). 3984:Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle 3693:SEAT Altea XL 1.6 MPI MultiFuel 3365:List of countries by population 2737:Barriers to widespread adoption 2313:in the United States 1998–2018 2080:For other countries search here 1612:line. In 2008 the Saab-derived 10582:Battery electric multiple unit 9308:Andrew Koch (13 August 2008). 8814:Tony Quiroga (November 2011). 8686:Christine Gable; Scott Gable. 7907:. Korridor.se with Google Maps 7068:Giovanna Riato (7 July 2015). 6817:JB Online (20 November 2007). 6264:. 28 June 2008. Archived from 6173:"Alternative Fuel Ford Taurus" 6030:Production up to December 2010 4304:Christine Gable; Scott Gable. 4297: 3047: 2747:Corporate Average Fuel Economy 846: 650:in favor of ethanol made from 252: 1: 10683:Neighborhood Electric Vehicle 9505:. Domestic Fuel. 10 June 2008 9222:Robert Zubrin (2 July 2010). 8507:Oak Ridge National Laboratory 6574:Abraciclo (27 January 2010). 5876:"The Brazilian ethanol model" 4956:"'Flex-fuel' vehicles touted" 4866:"BioFuel Technology Handbook" 4332:"Alternative Fuels: P-series" 4229:Bil Sweden (2 January 2015). 3995: 3735: 2979:E85 flexible-fuel vehicle in 2667:getting less than 20 mpg 1651:regarding targets for use of 1181:(2) Total includes gasoline, 10972:Who Killed the Electric Car? 10768:Common ethanol fuel mixtures 10080:(in Portuguese). 23 May 2019 9976:. March 2010. Archived from 8713:John Neff (6 October 2006). 8539:"New Ethanol Video Released" 8391:. CarPages. 2 September 2005 7684:Brian Warshaw (April 2008). 6637:"Produção Motocicletas 2011" 6609:"Produção Motocicletas 2010" 6255:"Another Inconvenient Truth" 5223:. Treehugger. Archived from 3964:Common ethanol fuel mixtures 3689:SEAT Altea 1.6 MPI MultiFuel 3589: 3415:Retail price of gasoline or 3224:Brazil's mandatory blend is 3156: 2896: 2788:US Department of Agriculture 1647:but also sought to meet the 1162: 1156: 1150: 1145: 1139: 1133: 1128: 1122: 1116: 1111: 1105: 1099: 1094: 1088: 1082: 1077: 1071: 1065: 1060: 1054: 1048: 1043: 1037: 1031: 1026: 1020: 1014: 1009: 1003: 997: 988: 982: 973: 967: 958: 952: 943: 937: 928: 922: 913: 907: 751:United Kingdom, and Canada. 7: 10986:Revenge of the Electric Car 10577:Battery-electric locomotive 10352:Marketing and policy trends 9772:Economist Intelligence Unit 9255:Renewable Fuels Association 9170:Eric Loveday (5 May 2011). 8988:Wendy Koch (8 April 2011). 8564:. Ethanol Producer Magazine 8535:Renewable Fuels Association 6171:Paul Dever (January 1996). 5013:. Motopoint. Archived from 4765:Quatro Rodas (March 2009). 4094:. U.S. Department of Energy 3901: 3685:SEAT León 1.6 MPI MultiFuel 3611: 3600: 3076: 3063: 3017: 2886:Renewable Fuels Association 1273:launched in the market the 1149: 1132: 1115: 1098: 1081: 1064: 1047: 1030: 1013: 996: 981: 966: 951: 936: 921: 906: 644:Programa Nacional do Álcool 10: 11085: 9947:(in Portuguese). Globo.com 7711:Rix, Jack (5 March 2019). 6821:(in Portuguese). Opinaoweb 6771:http://www.eere.energy.gov 6643:(in Portuguese). ABRACICLO 6614:(in Portuguese). ABRACICLO 5841:(Thesis) (in Portuguese). 5715:"Ford Model T reaches 100" 4274:Roberta J Nichols (2003). 3894: 3604: 3593: 2944:Victorian state government 2299: 2293: 2241:10 to 15 reduction in the 2170: 2126: 1649:2003 EU Biofuels Directive 1376:Sales by year (2001–2014) 1374:Flexi-fuel sales in Sweden 1364: 836: 815:took place at a time when 603:, and government support. 553: 488:Ford Escape Plug-in Hybrid 478:produced 20 demonstration 126:internal combustion engine 18: 10995: 10979:What Is the Electric Car? 10963: 10890: 10854: 10826:Hydrogen-powered aircraft 10806: 10730: 10562: 10532: 10475: 10452: 10434: 10428:Alternative fuel vehicles 9914:U.S. Department of Energy 8789:"Bumpy Ride for Biofuels" 8622:U.S. Department of Energy 8511:U.S. Department of Energy 8413:. AutoeBid. 3 August 2007 8085:Echos, Les (8 May 2008). 7490:"FFVs flourish in Sweden" 7488:Eric Kroh (August 2008). 7196:Gazeta Mercantil (2008). 6840:InfoMoney (30 May 2007). 6779:January 28, 2016, at the 6281:Oxfam Briefing Paper 114. 6122:(in Portuguese). Amda.org 5843:Universidade de São Paulo 5166:GNVNews (November 2006). 5067:. US Department of Energy 4954:Ken Thomas (7 May 2007). 4662:Ron Kotrba (March 2008). 4478:10.1109/IECEC.2000.870702 3640:Fiat Aegea 1.6 16V E.torQ 3544:This section needs to be 3495: 3228:. Winter E85 is actually 3150: 2970: 2677:U.S. Department of Energy 2623: 2616: 2605: 2594: 2583: 2572: 2561: 2550: 2539: 2528: 2517: 2506: 2237:per liter, until 2010; a 2091: 2076: 1722: 1534:and 2011–2014 Bil Sweden. 1530: 1523: 1520: 1373: 1360: 1355: 1167: 832: 484:U.S. Department of Energy 51:This article needs to be 10688:Plug-in electric vehicle 10668:Gyro flywheel locomotive 10646:Battery electric vehicle 9335:. GoAuto. Archived from 8193:. e85biz. Archived from 8134:. e85biz. Archived from 7614:Garten Rothkopf (2007). 6804:August 21, 2008, at the 6755:August 21, 2008, at the 5723:. London. Archived from 5011:"Flexible Fuel Vehicles" 4871:. WIP Renewable Energies 4767:"Volkswagen Polo E-Flex" 3944:Battery electric vehicle 3698:Volvo C30 1.8F FlexiFuel 3636:Fiat 500X 1.6 16V E.torQ 3085:for the introduction of 3034: 2828:General Motors do Brasil 2798:Flex fuel conversion kit 2302:E85 in the United States 2210: 1716:Other European countries 1680:Stockholm congestion tax 793:greenhouse gas emissions 601:research and development 587:, gaseous fuels such as 244:gasoline and up to 100% 208:flexible-fuel vehicles. 122:alternative fuel vehicle 29:Alternative fuel vehicle 10908:Hybrid electric vehicle 10872:Liquid nitrogen vehicle 10867:Hybrid electric vehicle 10673:Hybrid electric vehicle 10636:Electric platform truck 10129:. Pavilion Technologies 10030:See Table 3.17, pp. 138 8439:. London. 2 August 2007 8369:(in Spanish). Cotizalia 6379:10.1126/science.1152747 6320:10.1126/science.1151861 5747:"Ethanol: Introduction" 4636:. SEKAB. Archived from 4569:"Ethanol fuel and cars" 3969:Ethanol fuel by country 3916:Renewable energy portal 3671:Peugeot 307 1.6 BioFlex 3419:. (local currency/unit) 396:liquefied petroleum gas 166:liquefied petroleum gas 11059:Flexible-fuel vehicles 11033:Zero-emissions vehicle 10549:Compressed-air vehicle 10490:Solar-powered aircraft 10313:Tidal stream generator 9333:"United stance on E85" 9312:. Bnews Melbourne Star 8664:Cite journal requires 8641:See Table 6.1 pp. 6–3. 7421:Staff (9 March 2015). 6867:Staff (28 June 2003). 6747:http://www.eia.doe.gov 6737:Print edition No. 1941 6148:. 1994. Archived from 5362:"Gás Natural Veicular" 5065:"Natural Gas Vehicles" 3939:Alternative propulsion 3860:Captiva 2.4 Ecotec E85 3732: 3618:Citroën C4 1.6 BioFlex 3586: 3575: 3087:compressed natural gas 2983: 2858:Open Fuel Standard Act 2853: 2770: 2713: 2665:sport-utility vehicles 2204: 1667: 1635: 1367:Ethanol fuel in Sweden 1333: 1266: 1221: 843:ethanol fuel in Brazil 787:fuel, which addresses 771: 770:blended with gasoline. 643: 631: 392:compressed natural gas 323: 305: 290: 162:compressed natural gas 97: 10903:Flexible-fuel vehicle 10831:Hydrogen-powered ship 10783:Flexible-fuel vehicle 10658:Electric kick scooter 6715:"A riqueza é o saber" 4939:See definition of FFV 4897:"Definition of Terms" 4836:(17 September 2007). 4156:"Bought ethanol cars" 4154:BAFF (January 2015). 3726: 3581: 3570: 3381:(local currency/unit) 2978: 2844: 2764: 2698: 2198: 2179:, a waste product of 1661: 1626: 1331: 1253: 1211: 1195:neat ethanol vehicles 1179:(1) Includes exports. 757: 612:VW Gol 1.6 Total Flex 609: 505:2010 Paris Motor Show 439:Fiat Siena Tetra fuel 311: 296: 260: 102:flexible-fuel vehicle 79: 11028:Wind-powered vehicle 10612:Battery electric bus 10273:Marine current power 10219:Crosswind kite power 9983:on 27 September 2011 9923:on 28 September 2011 9803:on 19 September 2008 9621:on 28 September 2015 9339:on 24 September 2008 9203:on 10 September 2011 9151:on 29 September 2008 9062:O Estado de S. Paulo 8688:"Yellow E85 gas cap" 8323:on 28 September 2011 8170:on 11 September 2008 7581:on 30 September 2010 7375:on 29 September 2009 7280:(14 November 2013). 7278:O Estado de S. Paulo 7229:The Washington Times 7045:Staff (4 May 2015). 6221:Maria Grahn (2004). 5969:on 15 September 2008 5776:"O petróleo da cana" 5749:. Journey to Forever 5227:on 19 September 2008 4063:on 25 September 2020 3864:Cruze 1.8 Ecotec E85 3138:Mitsubishi Lancer Ex 2784:Obama Administration 2155:, two models of the 1691:Koenigsegg Jesko 300 1271:Volkswagen do Brasil 1199:Volkswagen do Brasil 748:neat ethanol vehicle 398:(LPG; also known as 263:Fiat Siena Tetrafuel 136:blended with either 10877:Natural gas vehicle 10303:Sustainable biofuel 10214:Carbon-neutral fuel 10175:Part of a series on 9589:on 20 December 2009 9557:on 26 February 2009 9229:The Washington Post 9018:"Alternative Fuels" 8263:on 20 November 2008 8197:on 30 December 2008 8138:on 30 December 2008 7947:on 31 December 2012 7496:on 20 February 2009 7177:on 26 December 2008 6727:on 5 September 2008 6548:on 17 December 2018 6371:2008Sci...319.1235F 6365:(5867): 1235–1238. 6311:2008Sci...319.1238S 6305:(5867): 1238–1240. 5963:"A Nova Volkswagen" 5940:on 13 February 2009 5424:on 31 December 2009 5340:on 10 December 2008 5200:on 12 December 2008 5174:on 11 December 2008 5146:on 14 December 2005 5043:on 11 December 2008 4989:on 11 December 2008 4929:on 11 December 2008 4519:. State of Michigan 4312:on 24 February 2009 4057:Automotive Business 3979:Natural gas vehicle 3572:VW Type 2 TotalFlex 3517:www.fueleconomy.gov 2994:, in the cities of 2905:brought UK-sourced 2807:Latest developments 2708:(middle right) and 2314: 2243:vehicle excise duty 1712:unleaded gasoline. 1664:Volvo FlexiFuel S40 1344:in March 2009, the 851: 535:hybrid electric car 522:as well as regular 507:. The CityCar is a 363:model in Europe as 277:, or pure ethanol ( 10544:Compressed-air car 10510:List of prototypes 10229:Geothermal heating 9849:. Domesticfuel.com 9389:Green Car Congress 8967:Green Car Congress 8915:on 22 October 2008 8768:The New York Times 8541:. DomesticFuel.com 8287:Ford Motor Company 8257:Galway Independent 8066:on 4 December 2008 8060:Galway Independent 7744:www.koenigsegg.com 7740:"Koenigsegg Jesko" 7692:on 27 October 2008 7665:on 24 October 2008 7659:Ford Motor Company 7653:Ford U.K. (2008). 7452:on 24 October 2008 6999:on 6 December 2013 6970:Green Car Congress 6873:O Estado do Paraná 6848:on 9 February 2009 6586:on 5 December 2012 6202:on 13 October 2008 6175:. The Auto Channel 6152:on 11 October 2008 6094:Green Car Congress 5907:on 18 January 2011 5684:Journey to Forever 5575:The New York Times 5118:Green Car Congress 5093:on 10 January 2010 4810:on 6 December 2012 4743:on 10 January 2009 4670:on 24 October 2008 3989:Vehicle conversion 3851:Focus 1.5 EcoBoost 3796:Mazda CX-5 KE / KF 3733: 3727:U.S. E85 FlexFuel 3718:S80 2.0F FlexiFuel 3714:V70 2.0F FlexiFuel 3706:V50 1.8F FlexiFuel 3702:S40 1.8F FlexiFuel 3587: 3576: 3056:, a by-product of 3022:In March 2009 the 2984: 2915:the Manildra Group 2854: 2771: 2765:2009 E85 FlexFuel 2714: 2310: 2205: 1668: 1636: 1583:Ford Motor Company 1334: 1267: 1222: 847: 781:LTD Crown Victoria 772: 744:Los Angeles County 632: 529:In December 2018, 324: 306: 303:Ford Escape Hybrid 291: 281:); or to run as a 236:in the U.S. or to 146:combustion chamber 98: 11041: 11040: 10950:Electric aircraft 10816:Fuel cell vehicle 10663:Fuel cell vehicle 10587:Electric aircraft 10519:Electric aircraft 10444:Fuel cell vehicle 10388: 10387: 10224:Geothermal energy 10052:on 17 August 2011 10019:on 3 October 2009 9448:The Vancouver Sun 9091:(in Portuguese). 8795:. 18 January 2008 8694:on 5 October 2008 8537:(28 March 2013). 8229:. 7 November 2007 8226:Belfast Telegraph 7882:on 7 January 2009 7718:Top Gear Magazine 7626:on 22 August 2008 7152:978-1-59726-175-3 6921:See pp. 3 and 14. 6578:(in Portuguese). 6490:Source:F.O. Licht 6422:on 22 August 2008 6271:on 19 August 2008 6146:Green Car Journal 6096:. 27 October 2010 5786:on 6 October 2008 5778:(in Portuguese). 5603:. 2 October 2010. 5546:on 3 January 2010 5540:Green Car Journal 5403:978-0-86571-571-4 5312:on 6 October 2008 4802:(in Portuguese). 4769:(in Portuguese). 4710:on 3 October 2008 4607:on 3 October 2008 4449:978-0-9786293-0-4 4237:on 4 January 2015 4030:978-1-84720-451-6 3949:Bivalent (engine) 3565: 3564: 3524: 3523: 3520: 3491: 3486: 3484: 3479: 3477: 3472: 3470: 3460: 3410: 3368: 3345: 3326: 3307: 3288: 3276: 3268:36.5 million 3260: 3237: 2907:Saab 9-5 Biopower 2637: 2636: 2633: 2085: 2084: 2081: 1689:The Swedish-made 1539: 1538: 1535: 1290:climbed to a 94% 1190: 1189: 1186: 903: 890: 879: 660:second oil crisis 581:alternative fuels 539:Brazilian federal 497:Lotus Engineering 469:are two types of 287:natural gas (CNG) 219:, a blend of 85% 185:light duty trucks 118:flex-fuel vehicle 110:dual-fuel vehicle 72: 71: 11076: 11069:Embedded systems 10841:Hydrogen vehicle 10821:Hydrogen economy 10788:Methanol economy 10641:Electric vehicle 10592:Electric bicycle 10564:Electric battery 10462:Electric bicycle 10421: 10414: 10407: 10398: 10397: 10380: 10373: 10366: 10244:Run-of-the-river 10239:Hydroelectricity 10234:Geothermal power 10191: 10181:Renewable energy 10172: 10171: 10162: 10161: 10159: 10157: 10145: 10139: 10138: 10136: 10134: 10122: 10116: 10115: 10113: 10111: 10105:"E85 Prices USA" 10101: 10090: 10089: 10087: 10085: 10074: 10065: 10061: 10059: 10057: 10042: 10033: 10028: 10026: 10024: 10018: 10011: 10003: 9997: 9992: 9990: 9988: 9982: 9971: 9963: 9957: 9956: 9954: 9952: 9940: 9934: 9932: 9930: 9928: 9922: 9916:. Archived from 9911: 9902: 9891: 9890: 9888: 9886: 9881:on 17 March 2019 9865: 9859: 9858: 9856: 9854: 9842: 9836: 9835: 9833: 9831: 9819: 9813: 9812: 9810: 9808: 9793: 9784: 9783: 9781: 9779: 9764: 9751: 9750: 9748: 9746: 9730: 9724: 9723: 9721: 9719: 9708: 9702: 9701: 9699: 9697: 9686: 9680: 9679: 9677: 9675: 9670:. Scoop Business 9663: 9657: 9656: 9654: 9652: 9637: 9631: 9630: 9628: 9626: 9605: 9599: 9598: 9596: 9594: 9588: 9581: 9573: 9567: 9566: 9564: 9562: 9547: 9541: 9540: 9538: 9536: 9531:on 20 April 2008 9521: 9515: 9514: 9512: 9510: 9499: 9493: 9492: 9490: 9488: 9476: 9465: 9464: 9462: 9460: 9455:on 4 August 2009 9451:. Archived from 9438: 9427: 9426: 9424: 9422: 9407: 9401: 9400: 9398: 9396: 9381: 9375: 9374: 9372: 9370: 9355: 9349: 9348: 9346: 9344: 9328: 9322: 9321: 9319: 9317: 9305: 9299: 9298: 9296: 9294: 9283: 9277: 9273: 9271: 9269: 9263: 9251: 9245: 9240: 9238: 9236: 9219: 9213: 9212: 9210: 9208: 9193: 9187: 9186: 9184: 9182: 9167: 9161: 9160: 9158: 9156: 9141: 9135: 9134: 9132: 9130: 9115: 9109: 9108: 9106: 9104: 9085: 9079: 9078: 9076: 9074: 9053: 9047: 9046: 9040: 9032: 9030: 9028: 9013: 9007: 9006: 9004: 9002: 8985: 8979: 8978: 8976: 8974: 8959: 8953: 8951: 8949: 8947: 8932: 8926: 8924: 8922: 8920: 8905: 8899: 8895: 8893: 8891: 8882:. Archived from 8872: 8866: 8865: 8863: 8861: 8846: 8837: 8833: 8831: 8829: 8811: 8805: 8804: 8802: 8800: 8785: 8779: 8778: 8776: 8774: 8759: 8750: 8749: 8747: 8745: 8733: 8727: 8726: 8724: 8722: 8710: 8704: 8703: 8701: 8699: 8683: 8677: 8673: 8667: 8662: 8660: 8652: 8648: 8642: 8640: 8638: 8636: 8630: 8624:. Archived from 8619: 8610: 8604: 8603: 8601: 8599: 8580: 8574: 8573: 8571: 8569: 8557: 8551: 8550: 8548: 8546: 8531: 8525: 8521: 8519: 8517: 8504: 8495: 8489: 8488: 8481: 8475: 8474: 8472: 8470: 8461:. Archived from 8455: 8449: 8448: 8446: 8444: 8429: 8423: 8422: 8420: 8418: 8407: 8401: 8400: 8398: 8396: 8385: 8379: 8378: 8376: 8374: 8362: 8356: 8355: 8353: 8351: 8339: 8333: 8332: 8330: 8328: 8309: 8303: 8302: 8300: 8298: 8289:. Archived from 8279: 8273: 8272: 8270: 8268: 8259:. Archived from 8248: 8239: 8238: 8236: 8234: 8218: 8207: 8206: 8204: 8202: 8187: 8181: 8180:As of 2008-09-16 8179: 8177: 8175: 8169: 8162: 8154: 8148: 8147: 8145: 8143: 8128: 8122: 8121: 8114: 8099: 8098: 8096: 8094: 8082: 8076: 8075: 8073: 8071: 8052: 8046: 8045: 8043: 8041: 8029: 8023: 8022: 8020: 8018: 8007: 8001: 8000: 7998: 7996: 7991:. Autoblog green 7984: 7975: 7974: 7963: 7957: 7956: 7954: 7952: 7937: 7920: 7916: 7914: 7912: 7901: 7892: 7891: 7889: 7887: 7872: 7866: 7865: 7863: 7861: 7846: 7840: 7839: 7837: 7835: 7828:St1 Verkkokauppa 7820: 7814: 7810: 7808: 7806: 7795: 7760: 7759: 7757: 7755: 7736: 7730: 7729: 7727: 7725: 7708: 7702: 7701: 7699: 7697: 7681: 7675: 7674: 7672: 7670: 7661:. Archived from 7650: 7639: 7635: 7633: 7631: 7622:. Archived from 7611: 7592: 7590: 7588: 7586: 7580: 7573: 7564: 7558: 7557: 7555: 7553: 7538: 7532: 7531: 7529: 7527: 7522:. World Car Fans 7515: 7506: 7505: 7503: 7501: 7485: 7462: 7461: 7459: 7457: 7441: 7435: 7434: 7432: 7430: 7418: 7412: 7411: 7409: 7407: 7391: 7385: 7384: 7382: 7380: 7365: 7359: 7358: 7356: 7354: 7339: 7333: 7332: 7330: 7328: 7323:on 13 March 2009 7319:. Archived from 7308: 7302: 7301: 7299: 7297: 7288:. Archived from 7274: 7268: 7267: 7265: 7263: 7251: 7245: 7244: 7242: 7240: 7231:. Archived from 7220: 7214: 7213: 7211: 7209: 7193: 7187: 7186: 7184: 7182: 7166: 7160: 7156: 7140: 7130: 7115: 7114: 7112: 7110: 7104: 7097: 7088: 7082: 7081: 7079: 7077: 7065: 7059: 7058: 7056: 7054: 7042: 7036: 7035: 7033: 7031: 7019: 7013: 7008: 7006: 7004: 6988: 6982: 6981: 6979: 6977: 6962: 6956: 6955: 6953: 6951: 6929: 6923: 6919: 6917: 6915: 6903: 6894: 6885: 6884: 6882: 6880: 6864: 6858: 6857: 6855: 6853: 6837: 6831: 6830: 6828: 6826: 6814: 6808: 6792: 6783: 6768: 6759: 6744: 6738: 6736: 6734: 6732: 6710: 6704: 6703: 6697: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6679: 6672: 6662: 6653: 6652: 6650: 6648: 6642: 6633: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6619: 6613: 6605: 6596: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6582:. Archived from 6571: 6562: 6557: 6555: 6553: 6537: 6531: 6526: 6524: 6522: 6502: 6491: 6489: 6487: 6485: 6479: 6472: 6464: 6458: 6457: 6455: 6453: 6438: 6432: 6431: 6429: 6427: 6421: 6414: 6406: 6400: 6398: 6352: 6346: 6340: 6322: 6288: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6276: 6270: 6259: 6251: 6245: 6244: 6242: 6240: 6234: 6227: 6218: 6212: 6211: 6209: 6207: 6192: 6186: 6184: 6182: 6180: 6168: 6162: 6161: 6159: 6157: 6138: 6132: 6131: 6129: 6127: 6121: 6112: 6106: 6105: 6103: 6101: 6086: 6080: 6079: 6077: 6075: 6064: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6053: 6038: 6032: 6028: 6026: 6024: 6018: 6010: 6004: 6003: 6001: 5999: 5988: 5979: 5978: 5976: 5974: 5959: 5950: 5949: 5947: 5945: 5926: 5917: 5916: 5914: 5912: 5897: 5888: 5887: 5885: 5883: 5871: 5865: 5863: 5861: 5859: 5854: 5832: 5826: 5825: 5823: 5821: 5805: 5796: 5795: 5793: 5791: 5782:. Archived from 5774:(13 June 1979). 5768: 5759: 5758: 5756: 5754: 5743: 5737: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5710: 5704: 5701: 5695: 5694: 5692: 5690: 5678:Addison, Keith. 5675: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5664: 5645: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5614: 5605: 5604: 5593: 5587: 5586: 5584: 5582: 5565: 5556: 5555: 5553: 5551: 5542:. Archived from 5531: 5525: 5524: 5517: 5511: 5510: 5508: 5506: 5491: 5485: 5484: 5482: 5480: 5469: 5460: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5450:on 12 March 2010 5440: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5429: 5414: 5408: 5407: 5384: 5378: 5377: 5375: 5373: 5357: 5351: 5349: 5347: 5345: 5329: 5323: 5321: 5319: 5317: 5302: 5293: 5291: 5289: 5287: 5276: 5263: 5262: 5260: 5258: 5243: 5237: 5236: 5234: 5232: 5216: 5210: 5209: 5207: 5205: 5190: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5179: 5163: 5157: 5155: 5153: 5151: 5135: 5129: 5128: 5126: 5124: 5109: 5103: 5102: 5100: 5098: 5083: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5072: 5060: 5054: 5052: 5050: 5048: 5033: 5027: 5026: 5024: 5022: 5006: 5000: 4998: 4996: 4994: 4979: 4973: 4972: 4970: 4968: 4951: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4934: 4919: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4908: 4893: 4882: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4870: 4861: 4850: 4849: 4847: 4845: 4829: 4820: 4819: 4817: 4815: 4796: 4787: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4773:. Archived from 4762: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4748: 4732: 4721: 4719: 4717: 4715: 4709: 4698: 4689: 4680: 4679: 4677: 4675: 4664:"Cold Start 101" 4659: 4650: 4649: 4647: 4645: 4630: 4617: 4616: 4614: 4612: 4606: 4599: 4590: 4581: 4580: 4578: 4576: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4556: 4554: 4542: 4529: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4518: 4509: 4500: 4499: 4465: 4454: 4453: 4435: 4394: 4393: 4391: 4389: 4383: 4375: 4366: 4365: 4363: 4361: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4339: 4328: 4322: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4301: 4295: 4291: 4289: 4287: 4271: 4250: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4226: 4211: 4207: 4205: 4203: 4191: 4176: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4151: 4138: 4137: 4135: 4133: 4116: 4107: 4106: 4101: 4099: 4084: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4048: 4035: 4034: 4018: 4008: 3932: 3927: 3926: 3918: 3913: 3912: 3560: 3557: 3551: 3539: 3538: 3531: 3496: 3489: 3485: 3483: 3478: 3476: 3471: 3469: 3446: 3408: 3373:Retail price of 3362: 3343: 3324: 3305: 3279: 3275: 3258: 3223: 3194: 3192: 3191: 3181: 3179: 3178: 3168: 3166: 3165: 3148: 3147: 3091:alternative fuel 2964:Holden Commodore 2926:United Petroleum 2901:In January 2007 2874:plug-in electric 2781: 2767:Chevrolet Impala 2756: 2752: 2624: 2315: 2309: 2077: 2060: 2058: 2057: 2036: 2034: 2033: 2012: 2010: 2009: 1988: 1986: 1985: 1964: 1962: 1961: 1940: 1938: 1937: 1916: 1914: 1913: 1892: 1890: 1889: 1868: 1866: 1865: 1844: 1842: 1841: 1820: 1818: 1817: 1796: 1794: 1793: 1772: 1770: 1769: 1740:, UK and Norway 1736: 1734: 1733: 1720: 1719: 1699:Koenigsegg Jesko 1677: 1594:9-5 2.0 Biopower 1531: 1371: 1370: 1350:NXR 150 Bros Mix 1346:CG 150 Titan Mix 1264:E20-E25 gasoline 1168: 893: 884: 875: 852: 547:development mule 531:Toyota do Brasil 388:Bi-fuel vehicles 158:bi-fuel vehicles 67: 64: 58: 46: 45: 38: 11084: 11083: 11079: 11078: 11077: 11075: 11074: 11073: 11054:Fuel technology 11044: 11043: 11042: 11037: 11018:Wave power ship 11008:Ram air turbine 10991: 10959: 10898:Bi-fuel vehicle 10886: 10850: 10802: 10726: 10566: 10558: 10535: 10534:Compressed-air 10528: 10471: 10448: 10430: 10425: 10384: 10170: 10165: 10155: 10153: 10146: 10142: 10132: 10130: 10123: 10119: 10109: 10107: 10103: 10102: 10093: 10083: 10081: 10076: 10075: 10068: 10055: 10053: 10044: 10043: 10036: 10022: 10020: 10016: 10009: 10005: 10004: 10000: 9986: 9984: 9980: 9969: 9965: 9964: 9960: 9950: 9948: 9941: 9937: 9926: 9924: 9920: 9909: 9903: 9894: 9884: 9882: 9867: 9866: 9862: 9852: 9850: 9843: 9839: 9829: 9827: 9826:. AutoblogGreen 9820: 9816: 9806: 9804: 9795: 9794: 9787: 9777: 9775: 9766: 9765: 9754: 9744: 9742: 9731: 9727: 9717: 9715: 9710: 9709: 9705: 9695: 9693: 9688: 9687: 9683: 9673: 9671: 9664: 9660: 9650: 9648: 9647:on 29 June 2012 9639: 9638: 9634: 9624: 9622: 9607: 9606: 9602: 9592: 9590: 9586: 9579: 9575: 9574: 9570: 9560: 9558: 9549: 9548: 9544: 9534: 9532: 9523: 9522: 9518: 9508: 9506: 9501: 9500: 9496: 9486: 9484: 9477: 9468: 9458: 9456: 9439: 9430: 9420: 9418: 9417:on 7 April 2010 9409: 9408: 9404: 9394: 9392: 9391:. 2 August 2010 9383: 9382: 9378: 9368: 9366: 9357: 9356: 9352: 9342: 9340: 9329: 9325: 9315: 9313: 9310:"Green is Good" 9306: 9302: 9292: 9290: 9285: 9284: 9280: 9267: 9265: 9261: 9252: 9248: 9234: 9232: 9220: 9216: 9206: 9204: 9195: 9194: 9190: 9180: 9178: 9168: 9164: 9154: 9152: 9143: 9142: 9138: 9128: 9126: 9125:on 10 July 2011 9117: 9116: 9112: 9102: 9100: 9099:on 19 July 2012 9087: 9086: 9082: 9072: 9070: 9069:on 31 July 2012 9055: 9054: 9050: 9034: 9033: 9026: 9024: 9014: 9010: 9000: 8998: 8986: 8982: 8972: 8970: 8961: 8960: 8956: 8945: 8943: 8933: 8929: 8918: 8916: 8907: 8906: 8902: 8889: 8887: 8874: 8873: 8869: 8859: 8857: 8847: 8840: 8827: 8825: 8812: 8808: 8798: 8796: 8787: 8786: 8782: 8772: 8770: 8760: 8753: 8743: 8741: 8734: 8730: 8720: 8718: 8711: 8707: 8697: 8695: 8684: 8680: 8665: 8663: 8654: 8653: 8649: 8645: 8634: 8632: 8631:on 30 June 2015 8628: 8617: 8611: 8607: 8597: 8595: 8593:Automotive News 8581: 8577: 8567: 8565: 8558: 8554: 8544: 8542: 8532: 8528: 8515: 8513: 8502: 8496: 8492: 8483: 8482: 8478: 8468: 8466: 8465:on 17 June 2008 8459:"Saab BioPower" 8457: 8456: 8452: 8442: 8440: 8431: 8430: 8426: 8416: 8414: 8409: 8408: 8404: 8394: 8392: 8387: 8386: 8382: 8372: 8370: 8363: 8359: 8349: 8347: 8346:. AutoblogGreen 8340: 8336: 8326: 8324: 8311: 8310: 8306: 8296: 8294: 8293:on 30 June 2008 8281: 8280: 8276: 8266: 8264: 8249: 8242: 8232: 8230: 8220: 8219: 8210: 8200: 8198: 8189: 8188: 8184: 8173: 8171: 8167: 8160: 8156: 8155: 8151: 8141: 8139: 8130: 8129: 8125: 8116: 8115: 8102: 8092: 8090: 8089:. AutoblogGreen 8083: 8079: 8069: 8067: 8054: 8053: 8049: 8039: 8037: 8030: 8026: 8016: 8014: 8009: 8008: 8004: 7994: 7992: 7985: 7978: 7971:www.korridor.se 7965: 7964: 7960: 7950: 7948: 7939: 7938: 7923: 7910: 7908: 7903: 7902: 7895: 7885: 7883: 7874: 7873: 7869: 7859: 7857: 7848: 7847: 7843: 7833: 7831: 7822: 7821: 7817: 7804: 7802: 7796: 7763: 7753: 7751: 7750:on 6 March 2019 7738: 7737: 7733: 7723: 7721: 7709: 7705: 7695: 7693: 7682: 7678: 7668: 7666: 7651: 7642: 7629: 7627: 7612: 7595: 7584: 7582: 7578: 7571: 7565: 7561: 7551: 7549: 7548:on 29 June 2008 7540: 7539: 7535: 7525: 7523: 7516: 7509: 7499: 7497: 7486: 7465: 7455: 7453: 7442: 7438: 7428: 7426: 7419: 7415: 7405: 7403: 7392: 7388: 7378: 7376: 7367: 7366: 7362: 7352: 7350: 7340: 7336: 7326: 7324: 7309: 7305: 7295: 7293: 7275: 7271: 7261: 7259: 7252: 7248: 7238: 7236: 7221: 7217: 7207: 7205: 7194: 7190: 7180: 7178: 7167: 7163: 7153: 7145:–155, 160–161. 7131: 7118: 7108: 7106: 7102: 7095: 7089: 7085: 7075: 7073: 7066: 7062: 7052: 7050: 7043: 7039: 7029: 7027: 7020: 7016: 7002: 7000: 6989: 6985: 6975: 6973: 6964: 6963: 6959: 6949: 6947: 6946:on 16 July 2011 6930: 6926: 6913: 6911: 6901: 6895: 6888: 6878: 6876: 6875:(in Portuguese) 6865: 6861: 6851: 6849: 6838: 6834: 6824: 6822: 6815: 6811: 6806:Wayback Machine 6793: 6786: 6781:Wayback Machine 6774:Energy.gov site 6769: 6762: 6757:Wayback Machine 6745: 6741: 6730: 6728: 6711: 6707: 6691: 6690: 6683: 6681: 6680:on 31 July 2020 6677: 6670: 6663: 6656: 6646: 6644: 6640: 6635: 6634: 6627: 6617: 6615: 6611: 6607: 6606: 6599: 6589: 6587: 6572: 6565: 6551: 6549: 6538: 6534: 6520: 6518: 6509:(10 May 2013). 6503: 6494: 6483: 6481: 6480:on 25 June 2008 6477: 6470: 6466: 6465: 6461: 6451: 6449: 6448:on 8 April 2008 6440: 6439: 6435: 6425: 6423: 6419: 6412: 6408: 6407: 6403: 6353: 6349: 6289: 6285: 6274: 6272: 6268: 6257: 6253: 6252: 6248: 6238: 6236: 6235:on 17 July 2011 6232: 6225: 6219: 6215: 6205: 6203: 6194: 6193: 6189: 6178: 6176: 6169: 6165: 6155: 6153: 6140: 6139: 6135: 6125: 6123: 6119: 6113: 6109: 6099: 6097: 6088: 6087: 6083: 6073: 6071: 6066: 6065: 6061: 6051: 6049: 6039: 6035: 6022: 6020: 6016: 6012: 6011: 6007: 5997: 5995: 5990: 5989: 5982: 5972: 5970: 5961: 5960: 5953: 5943: 5941: 5934:Automotive News 5928: 5927: 5920: 5910: 5908: 5899: 5898: 5891: 5881: 5879: 5872: 5868: 5857: 5855: 5833: 5829: 5819: 5817: 5816:on 10 July 2011 5806: 5799: 5789: 5787: 5769: 5762: 5752: 5750: 5745: 5744: 5740: 5730: 5728: 5711: 5707: 5702: 5698: 5688: 5686: 5676: 5672: 5662: 5660: 5659:(in Portuguese) 5646: 5642: 5632: 5630: 5629:(in Portuguese) 5615: 5608: 5595: 5594: 5590: 5580: 5578: 5566: 5559: 5549: 5547: 5532: 5528: 5523:. Autoblog.com. 5519: 5518: 5514: 5504: 5502: 5493: 5492: 5488: 5478: 5476: 5471: 5470: 5463: 5453: 5451: 5442: 5441: 5437: 5427: 5425: 5416: 5415: 5411: 5404: 5388:Sherry Boschert 5385: 5381: 5371: 5369: 5368:on 29 July 2007 5358: 5354: 5343: 5341: 5330: 5326: 5315: 5313: 5304: 5303: 5296: 5285: 5283: 5278: 5277: 5266: 5256: 5254: 5245: 5244: 5240: 5230: 5228: 5217: 5213: 5203: 5201: 5192: 5191: 5187: 5177: 5175: 5164: 5160: 5149: 5147: 5136: 5132: 5122: 5120: 5110: 5106: 5096: 5094: 5085: 5084: 5080: 5070: 5068: 5061: 5057: 5046: 5044: 5035: 5034: 5030: 5020: 5018: 5017:on 23 July 2008 5007: 5003: 4992: 4990: 4981: 4980: 4976: 4966: 4964: 4952: 4943: 4932: 4930: 4921: 4920: 4916: 4906: 4904: 4903:on 21 July 2011 4895: 4894: 4885: 4874: 4872: 4868: 4862: 4853: 4843: 4841: 4830: 4823: 4813: 4811: 4798: 4797: 4790: 4780: 4778: 4777:on 7 March 2009 4763: 4756: 4746: 4744: 4733: 4724: 4713: 4711: 4707: 4696: 4690: 4683: 4673: 4671: 4660: 4653: 4643: 4641: 4640:on 16 July 2011 4632: 4631: 4620: 4610: 4608: 4604: 4597: 4591: 4584: 4574: 4572: 4567: 4566: 4562: 4552: 4550: 4549:. AutoblogGreen 4543: 4532: 4522: 4520: 4516: 4510: 4503: 4488: 4466: 4457: 4450: 4436: 4397: 4387: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4376: 4369: 4359: 4357: 4352: 4351: 4347: 4337: 4335: 4330: 4329: 4325: 4315: 4313: 4302: 4298: 4285: 4283: 4282:on 26 July 2011 4272: 4253: 4240: 4238: 4227: 4214: 4201: 4199: 4192: 4179: 4165: 4163: 4162:on 21 July 2011 4152: 4141: 4131: 4129: 4117: 4110: 4097: 4095: 4086: 4085: 4076: 4066: 4064: 4049: 4038: 4031: 4009: 4002: 3998: 3993: 3928: 3921: 3914: 3907: 3904: 3899: 3893: 3792:Mazda 3 BM / BP 3783:Accord 10th gen 3738: 3666:Koenigsegg CCXR 3614: 3609: 3603: 3598: 3592: 3561: 3555: 3552: 3549: 3540: 3536: 3529: 3283: 3281: 3274:20 million 3200:Units/comments 3189: 3187: 3176: 3174: 3163: 3161: 3152: 3146: 3079: 3066: 3050: 3037: 3020: 2973: 2899: 2894: 2892:Other countries 2809: 2800: 2779: 2754: 2750: 2739: 2712:(bottom right). 2674: 2670: 2628: 2626: 2619: 2341: 2339: 2335: 2333: 2331: 2329: 2324: 2322: 2312: 2308: 2298: 2292: 2231: 2213: 2173: 2129: 2105:value added tax 2102: 2094: 2079: 2055: 2053: 2031: 2029: 2007: 2005: 1983: 1981: 1959: 1957: 1935: 1933: 1911: 1909: 1887: 1885: 1863: 1861: 1839: 1837: 1815: 1813: 1791: 1789: 1767: 1765: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1731: 1729: 1728: 1718: 1697:version of the 1675: 1673: 1533: 1526: 1521:Total 2001–2014 1516: 1508: 1498: 1490: 1480: 1472: 1462: 1454: 1444: 1436: 1426: 1418: 1408: 1400: 1375: 1369: 1363: 1358: 1283:Chevrolet Corsa 1180: 1175: 1173: 901: 899: 897: 895: 888: 886: 883: 877: 874: 872: 870: 865: 863: 861: 859: 849: 845: 837:Main articles: 835: 830: 779:, and the 5.0L 577:1973 oil crisis 556: 471:hybrid vehicles 463:hybrid electric 443:Magneti Marelli 437:introduced the 427:Chevrolet Astra 425:introduced the 255: 68: 62: 59: 56: 47: 43: 36: 25:Bi-fuel vehicle 17: 12: 11: 5: 11082: 11072: 11071: 11066: 11061: 11056: 11039: 11038: 11036: 11035: 11030: 11025: 11020: 11015: 11010: 11005: 10999: 10997: 10993: 10992: 10990: 10989: 10982: 10975: 10967: 10965: 10961: 10960: 10958: 10957: 10952: 10947: 10946: 10945: 10940: 10930: 10928:Plug-in hybrid 10925: 10920: 10918:Hybrid vehicle 10915: 10910: 10905: 10900: 10894: 10892: 10888: 10887: 10885: 10884: 10879: 10874: 10869: 10864: 10858: 10856: 10852: 10851: 10849: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10836:Hydrogen train 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10812: 10810: 10804: 10803: 10801: 10800: 10795: 10790: 10785: 10780: 10775: 10770: 10765: 10760: 10755: 10750: 10745: 10739: 10737: 10728: 10727: 10725: 10724: 10723: 10722: 10717: 10712: 10702: 10697: 10696: 10695: 10685: 10680: 10675: 10670: 10665: 10660: 10655: 10650: 10649: 10648: 10638: 10633: 10631:Electric truck 10628: 10627: 10626: 10616: 10615: 10614: 10604: 10599: 10594: 10589: 10584: 10579: 10573: 10571: 10560: 10559: 10557: 10556: 10551: 10546: 10540: 10538: 10530: 10529: 10527: 10526: 10521: 10516: 10515: 10514: 10513: 10512: 10502: 10497: 10492: 10481: 10479: 10473: 10472: 10470: 10469: 10464: 10458: 10456: 10450: 10449: 10447: 10446: 10440: 10438: 10432: 10431: 10424: 10423: 10416: 10409: 10401: 10395: 10394: 10386: 10385: 10383: 10382: 10375: 10368: 10360: 10357: 10356: 10355: 10354: 10349: 10341: 10340: 10339: 10338: 10330: 10329: 10328: 10327: 10322: 10317: 10316: 10315: 10305: 10300: 10295: 10290: 10285: 10280: 10275: 10270: 10269: 10268: 10263: 10258: 10248: 10247: 10246: 10236: 10231: 10226: 10221: 10216: 10211: 10206: 10201: 10193: 10192: 10184: 10183: 10177: 10176: 10169: 10168:External links 10166: 10164: 10163: 10140: 10117: 10091: 10066: 10034: 9998: 9958: 9935: 9892: 9860: 9837: 9814: 9785: 9774:. 10 June 2008 9752: 9741:on 17 May 2008 9725: 9703: 9681: 9658: 9632: 9600: 9568: 9542: 9516: 9494: 9466: 9428: 9402: 9376: 9350: 9323: 9300: 9278: 9257:(RFA) (2015). 9246: 9214: 9188: 9162: 9136: 9110: 9080: 9048: 9008: 8980: 8969:. 8 April 2011 8954: 8927: 8900: 8886:on 1 July 2014 8867: 8838: 8821:Car and Driver 8806: 8780: 8751: 8740:. AutobogGreen 8728: 8705: 8678: 8666:|journal= 8643: 8605: 8575: 8552: 8526: 8523:See Tables 6.1 8490: 8476: 8450: 8424: 8402: 8380: 8357: 8334: 8304: 8274: 8240: 8208: 8182: 8149: 8123: 8120:. 20 May 2019. 8100: 8077: 8047: 8024: 8002: 7976: 7958: 7921: 7893: 7867: 7841: 7815: 7761: 7731: 7703: 7676: 7640: 7593: 7559: 7533: 7507: 7463: 7436: 7413: 7402:on 19 May 2016 7386: 7360: 7334: 7303: 7292:on 16 May 2016 7269: 7246: 7235:on 10 May 2008 7215: 7204:on 1 June 2008 7188: 7161: 7151: 7116: 7105:on 28 May 2008 7083: 7060: 7037: 7014: 6983: 6972:. 6 March 2010 6957: 6924: 6886: 6859: 6832: 6809: 6784: 6760: 6739: 6705: 6654: 6625: 6597: 6563: 6532: 6517:on 8 June 2013 6492: 6459: 6433: 6401: 6347: 6283: 6246: 6213: 6187: 6163: 6133: 6107: 6081: 6059: 6033: 6005: 5980: 5951: 5918: 5889: 5866: 5827: 5797: 5760: 5738: 5727:on 29 May 2012 5705: 5696: 5670: 5640: 5606: 5588: 5557: 5526: 5512: 5499:General Motors 5486: 5461: 5435: 5409: 5402: 5379: 5352: 5324: 5294: 5264: 5253:on 1 July 2008 5238: 5211: 5185: 5158: 5130: 5104: 5078: 5055: 5028: 5009:Nassy, Diane. 5001: 4974: 4941: 4914: 4883: 4851: 4821: 4788: 4754: 4722: 4681: 4651: 4618: 4582: 4560: 4530: 4501: 4486: 4455: 4448: 4395: 4367: 4345: 4323: 4296: 4251: 4212: 4177: 4139: 4108: 4074: 4036: 4029: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3935: 3934: 3933: 3919: 3903: 3900: 3895:Main article: 3892: 3889: 3888: 3887: 3878: 3866: 3853: 3844: 3831: 3806: 3785: 3779:Accord 9th gen 3748: 3737: 3734: 3721: 3720: 3710:XC60 (concept) 3695: 3682: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3642: 3633: 3620: 3613: 3610: 3605:Main article: 3602: 3599: 3591: 3588: 3563: 3562: 3556:September 2019 3543: 3541: 3534: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3521: 3493: 3492: 3487: 3480: 3473: 3466: 3462: 3461: 3444: 3438: 3429: 3420: 3412: 3411: 3406: 3400: 3391: 3382: 3370: 3369: 3360: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3347: 3346: 3341: 3338: 3335: 3332: 3328: 3327: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3309: 3308: 3303: 3300: 3297: 3294: 3290: 3289: 3277: 3272: 3269: 3266: 3262: 3261: 3256: 3251: 3248: 3243: 3239: 3238: 3232:in the US and 3221: 3216: 3211: 3206: 3202: 3201: 3198: 3185: 3172: 3159: 3158:Characteristic 3155: 3154: 3145: 3142: 3078: 3075: 3065: 3062: 3049: 3046: 3036: 3033: 3019: 3016: 2972: 2969: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2824:plug-in hybrid 2821:Chevrolet Volt 2813:plug-in hybrid 2808: 2805: 2799: 2796: 2738: 2735: 2672: 2668: 2661:pick-up trucks 2635: 2634: 2621: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2608: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2597: 2596: 2593: 2590: 2586: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2575: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2564: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2553: 2552: 2549: 2546: 2542: 2541: 2538: 2535: 2531: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2520: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2509: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2498: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2484: 2483: 2480: 2477: 2474: 2470: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2456: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2442: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2428: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2414: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2404: 2400: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2376: 2372: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2358: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2344: 2343: 2336: 2326: 2319: 2294:Main article: 2291: 2288: 2230: 2229:United Kingdom 2227: 2212: 2209: 2172: 2169: 2128: 2125: 2100: 2093: 2090: 2083: 2082: 2074: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2050: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2040: 2026: 2025: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2014:United Kingdom 2002: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1978: 1977: 1974: 1971: 1968: 1954: 1953: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1930: 1929: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1906: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1882: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1870:Czech Republic 1858: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1834: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1810: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1786: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1762: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1742: 1741: 1738:European Union 1717: 1714: 1671: 1645:Kyoto Protocol 1537: 1536: 1528: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1518: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1482: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1463: 1460: 1458: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1446: 1445: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1428: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1410: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1378: 1377: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1269:In March 2003 1188: 1187: 1165: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1148: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1131: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1114: 1113: 1110: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1097: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1087: 1084: 1080: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1046: 1045: 1042: 1039: 1036: 1033: 1029: 1028: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1016: 1012: 1011: 1008: 1005: 1002: 999: 995: 994: 992: 990: 987: 984: 980: 979: 977: 975: 972: 969: 965: 964: 962: 960: 957: 954: 950: 949: 947: 945: 942: 939: 935: 934: 932: 930: 927: 924: 920: 919: 917: 915: 912: 909: 905: 904: 891: 880: 867: 856: 834: 831: 829: 826: 789:climate change 768:methanol (M85) 705:, Volkswagen, 555: 552: 551: 550: 527: 509:plug-in hybrid 492:Chevrolet Volt 467:plug-in hybrid 465:and flex-fuel 459: 456:Rio de Janeiro 416: 321:plug-in hybrid 312:Demonstration 297:Demonstration 254: 251: 198:P-series fuels 150:fuel injection 70: 69: 50: 48: 41: 33:Hybrid vehicle 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11081: 11070: 11067: 11065: 11062: 11060: 11057: 11055: 11052: 11051: 11049: 11034: 11031: 11029: 11026: 11024: 11023:Windmill ship 11021: 11019: 11016: 11014: 11011: 11009: 11006: 11004: 11001: 11000: 10998: 10994: 10988: 10987: 10983: 10981: 10980: 10976: 10974: 10973: 10969: 10968: 10966: 10964:Documentaries 10962: 10956: 10955:Electric boat 10953: 10951: 10948: 10944: 10941: 10939: 10936: 10935: 10934: 10933:Solar vehicle 10931: 10929: 10926: 10924: 10921: 10919: 10916: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10904: 10901: 10899: 10896: 10895: 10893: 10891:Multiple-fuel 10889: 10883: 10880: 10878: 10875: 10873: 10870: 10868: 10865: 10863: 10860: 10859: 10857: 10853: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10813: 10811: 10809: 10805: 10799: 10796: 10794: 10793:Methanol fuel 10791: 10789: 10786: 10784: 10781: 10779: 10776: 10774: 10771: 10769: 10766: 10764: 10761: 10759: 10756: 10754: 10751: 10749: 10746: 10744: 10741: 10740: 10738: 10736: 10733: 10729: 10721: 10718: 10716: 10713: 10711: 10708: 10707: 10706: 10705:Solar vehicle 10703: 10701: 10698: 10694: 10691: 10690: 10689: 10686: 10684: 10681: 10679: 10676: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10664: 10661: 10659: 10656: 10654: 10651: 10647: 10644: 10643: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10625: 10622: 10621: 10620: 10617: 10613: 10610: 10609: 10608: 10605: 10603: 10602:Electric boat 10600: 10598: 10595: 10593: 10590: 10588: 10585: 10583: 10580: 10578: 10575: 10574: 10572: 10570: 10565: 10561: 10555: 10554:Tesla turbine 10552: 10550: 10547: 10545: 10542: 10541: 10539: 10537: 10531: 10525: 10524:Electric boat 10522: 10520: 10517: 10511: 10508: 10507: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10493: 10491: 10488: 10487: 10486: 10485:Solar vehicle 10483: 10482: 10480: 10478: 10474: 10468: 10465: 10463: 10460: 10459: 10457: 10455: 10451: 10445: 10442: 10441: 10439: 10437: 10433: 10429: 10422: 10417: 10415: 10410: 10408: 10403: 10402: 10399: 10393: 10390: 10389: 10381: 10376: 10374: 10369: 10367: 10362: 10361: 10359: 10358: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10344: 10343: 10342: 10337: 10334: 10333: 10332: 10331: 10326: 10323: 10321: 10318: 10314: 10311: 10310: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10289: 10288:Osmotic power 10286: 10284: 10283:Ocean thermal 10281: 10279: 10278:Marine energy 10276: 10274: 10271: 10267: 10264: 10262: 10259: 10257: 10254: 10253: 10252: 10249: 10245: 10242: 10241: 10240: 10237: 10235: 10232: 10230: 10227: 10225: 10222: 10220: 10217: 10215: 10212: 10210: 10207: 10205: 10202: 10200: 10197: 10196: 10195: 10194: 10190: 10186: 10185: 10182: 10179: 10178: 10174: 10173: 10151: 10144: 10128: 10121: 10106: 10100: 10098: 10096: 10079: 10073: 10071: 10064: 10051: 10047: 10041: 10039: 10031: 10015: 10008: 10002: 9995: 9979: 9975: 9968: 9962: 9946: 9939: 9919: 9915: 9908: 9901: 9899: 9897: 9880: 9876: 9875: 9870: 9864: 9848: 9841: 9825: 9818: 9802: 9798: 9792: 9790: 9773: 9769: 9763: 9761: 9759: 9757: 9740: 9736: 9729: 9713: 9707: 9691: 9685: 9669: 9662: 9646: 9642: 9636: 9620: 9616: 9615: 9610: 9604: 9585: 9578: 9572: 9556: 9552: 9546: 9530: 9526: 9520: 9504: 9498: 9482: 9475: 9473: 9471: 9454: 9450: 9449: 9444: 9437: 9435: 9433: 9416: 9412: 9406: 9390: 9386: 9380: 9364: 9360: 9354: 9338: 9334: 9327: 9311: 9304: 9288: 9282: 9276: 9260: 9256: 9250: 9243: 9231: 9230: 9225: 9218: 9202: 9198: 9192: 9177: 9176:AutoblogGreen 9173: 9166: 9150: 9146: 9140: 9124: 9120: 9114: 9098: 9094: 9093:UNICA, Brazil 9090: 9084: 9068: 9064: 9063: 9058: 9052: 9044: 9038: 9023: 9019: 9012: 8997: 8996: 8991: 8984: 8968: 8964: 8958: 8942: 8938: 8931: 8914: 8910: 8904: 8898: 8885: 8881: 8880:E85Prices.com 8877: 8871: 8856: 8852: 8845: 8843: 8836: 8823: 8822: 8817: 8810: 8794: 8793:The Economist 8790: 8784: 8769: 8765: 8758: 8756: 8739: 8732: 8716: 8709: 8693: 8689: 8682: 8676: 8675:See Table 2.4 8671: 8658: 8647: 8627: 8623: 8616: 8609: 8594: 8590: 8586: 8579: 8563: 8556: 8540: 8536: 8530: 8524: 8512: 8508: 8501: 8494: 8486: 8480: 8464: 8460: 8454: 8438: 8434: 8428: 8412: 8406: 8390: 8384: 8368: 8361: 8345: 8338: 8322: 8318: 8314: 8308: 8292: 8288: 8284: 8278: 8262: 8258: 8254: 8247: 8245: 8228: 8227: 8223: 8217: 8215: 8213: 8196: 8192: 8186: 8166: 8159: 8153: 8137: 8133: 8127: 8119: 8113: 8111: 8109: 8107: 8105: 8088: 8081: 8065: 8061: 8057: 8051: 8035: 8028: 8012: 8006: 7990: 7983: 7981: 7972: 7968: 7962: 7946: 7942: 7936: 7934: 7932: 7930: 7928: 7926: 7919: 7906: 7900: 7898: 7881: 7877: 7871: 7855: 7851: 7845: 7829: 7825: 7819: 7813: 7801: 7798:Korridor AB. 7794: 7792: 7790: 7788: 7786: 7784: 7782: 7780: 7778: 7776: 7774: 7772: 7770: 7768: 7766: 7749: 7745: 7741: 7735: 7720: 7719: 7714: 7707: 7691: 7687: 7680: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7649: 7647: 7645: 7638: 7625: 7621: 7617: 7610: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7602: 7600: 7598: 7577: 7570: 7563: 7547: 7543: 7537: 7521: 7514: 7512: 7495: 7491: 7484: 7482: 7480: 7478: 7476: 7474: 7472: 7470: 7468: 7451: 7447: 7440: 7424: 7417: 7401: 7397: 7390: 7374: 7370: 7364: 7349: 7345: 7338: 7322: 7318: 7314: 7307: 7291: 7287: 7283: 7279: 7273: 7257: 7250: 7234: 7230: 7226: 7219: 7203: 7199: 7192: 7176: 7172: 7165: 7159: 7154: 7148: 7144: 7139: 7138: 7137:Apollo's Fire 7129: 7127: 7125: 7123: 7121: 7101: 7094: 7087: 7071: 7064: 7048: 7041: 7025: 7018: 7011: 6998: 6994: 6987: 6971: 6967: 6961: 6945: 6941: 6940: 6935: 6928: 6922: 6910: 6908: 6900: 6893: 6891: 6874: 6870: 6863: 6847: 6843: 6836: 6820: 6813: 6807: 6803: 6799: 6796: 6791: 6789: 6782: 6778: 6775: 6772: 6767: 6765: 6758: 6754: 6751: 6748: 6743: 6726: 6722: 6721: 6716: 6709: 6701: 6695: 6676: 6668: 6661: 6659: 6638: 6632: 6630: 6610: 6604: 6602: 6585: 6581: 6577: 6570: 6568: 6560: 6547: 6543: 6536: 6529: 6516: 6512: 6508: 6501: 6499: 6497: 6476: 6469: 6463: 6447: 6443: 6437: 6418: 6411: 6405: 6396: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6359: 6351: 6344: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6312: 6308: 6304: 6300: 6299: 6294: 6287: 6267: 6263: 6256: 6250: 6231: 6224: 6217: 6201: 6197: 6191: 6174: 6167: 6151: 6147: 6143: 6137: 6118: 6111: 6095: 6091: 6085: 6069: 6063: 6048: 6044: 6037: 6031: 6015: 6009: 5993: 5987: 5985: 5968: 5964: 5958: 5956: 5939: 5935: 5931: 5925: 5923: 5906: 5902: 5896: 5894: 5877: 5870: 5853: 5848: 5844: 5840: 5839: 5831: 5815: 5811: 5804: 5802: 5785: 5781: 5780:Editora Abril 5777: 5773: 5767: 5765: 5748: 5742: 5726: 5722: 5721: 5720:The Telegraph 5716: 5709: 5700: 5685: 5681: 5674: 5658: 5656: 5651: 5644: 5628: 5626: 5620: 5613: 5611: 5602: 5601:AutoblogGreen 5598: 5592: 5577: 5576: 5571: 5564: 5562: 5545: 5541: 5537: 5530: 5522: 5516: 5501:. 5 June 2008 5500: 5496: 5490: 5474: 5468: 5466: 5449: 5445: 5439: 5423: 5419: 5413: 5405: 5399: 5395: 5394: 5389: 5383: 5367: 5363: 5356: 5339: 5335: 5328: 5311: 5307: 5301: 5299: 5281: 5275: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5252: 5248: 5242: 5226: 5222: 5215: 5199: 5195: 5189: 5173: 5169: 5162: 5145: 5141: 5134: 5119: 5115: 5108: 5092: 5088: 5082: 5066: 5059: 5042: 5038: 5032: 5016: 5012: 5005: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4963: 4962: 4957: 4950: 4948: 4946: 4928: 4924: 4918: 4902: 4898: 4892: 4890: 4888: 4867: 4860: 4858: 4856: 4839: 4835: 4828: 4826: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4795: 4793: 4776: 4772: 4771:Editora Abril 4768: 4761: 4759: 4742: 4738: 4731: 4729: 4727: 4706: 4702: 4695: 4688: 4686: 4669: 4665: 4658: 4656: 4639: 4635: 4629: 4627: 4625: 4623: 4603: 4596: 4589: 4587: 4570: 4564: 4548: 4541: 4539: 4537: 4535: 4515: 4508: 4506: 4497: 4493: 4489: 4487:1-56347-375-5 4483: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4451: 4445: 4441: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4428: 4426: 4424: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4416: 4414: 4412: 4410: 4408: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4380: 4374: 4372: 4355: 4349: 4333: 4327: 4311: 4307: 4300: 4294: 4281: 4277: 4270: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4258: 4256: 4249: 4236: 4232: 4225: 4223: 4221: 4219: 4217: 4210: 4197: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4184: 4182: 4174: 4161: 4157: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4144: 4128: 4127: 4122: 4115: 4113: 4105: 4093: 4089: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4047: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4032: 4026: 4022: 4017: 4016: 4007: 4005: 4000: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3931: 3930:Energy portal 3925: 3920: 3917: 3911: 3906: 3898: 3891:United States 3886: 3882: 3881:Mercedes-Benz 3879: 3877: 3874: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3829:Corolla Cross 3826: 3822: 3818: 3814: 3813:Corolla Altis 3810: 3807: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3780: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3746:Lancer Ex 1.8 3743: 3740: 3739: 3730: 3729:Chevrolet HHR 3725: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3690: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3631:Dacia Sandero 3628: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3615: 3608: 3597: 3584: 3580: 3573: 3569: 3559: 3547: 3542: 3533: 3532: 3518: 3514: 3513:e85prices.com 3510: 3505: 3501: 3494: 3488: 3481: 3474: 3467: 3464: 3463: 3458: 3455:), May 2019, 3454: 3450: 3445: 3443: 3439: 3437: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3424: 3421: 3418: 3414: 3413: 3407: 3405: 3401: 3399: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3386: 3383: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3358: 3355: 3352: 3349: 3348: 3342: 3339: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3329: 3323: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3310: 3304: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3291: 3286: 3278: 3273: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3263: 3257: 3255: 3252: 3249: 3247: 3244: 3241: 3240: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3215: 3212: 3210: 3207: 3204: 3203: 3199: 3197: 3186: 3184: 3173: 3171: 3160: 3157: 3149: 3141: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3122: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3092: 3088: 3084: 3074: 3071: 3061: 3059: 3055: 3045: 3041: 3032: 3029: 3025: 3015: 3013: 3009: 3005: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2982: 2977: 2968: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2937: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2918: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2889: 2887: 2881: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2852: 2848: 2843: 2839: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2804: 2795: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2777: 2768: 2763: 2759: 2748: 2743: 2734: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2711: 2707: 2704:(top right), 2703: 2697: 2693: 2691: 2685: 2681: 2678: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2646: 2643:For the 2011 2641: 2632: 2622: 2613: 2610: 2609: 2602: 2599: 2598: 2591: 2588: 2587: 2580: 2577: 2576: 2569: 2566: 2565: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2547: 2544: 2543: 2536: 2533: 2532: 2525: 2522: 2521: 2514: 2511: 2510: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2486: 2485: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2457: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2429: 2425: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2415: 2411: 2408: 2405: 2402: 2401: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2387: 2383: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2373: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2359: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2346: 2345: 2337: 2327: 2320: 2317: 2316: 2307: 2303: 2297: 2290:United States 2287: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2226: 2223: 2219: 2208: 2202: 2197: 2193: 2191: 2187: 2182: 2178: 2168: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2151:Bioflex, the 2150: 2147:Bioflex, the 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2124: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2098: 2089: 2075: 2071: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2052: 2051: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2039: 2028: 2027: 2023: 2020: 2017: 2015: 2004: 2003: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1991: 1980: 1979: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1956: 1955: 1951: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1932: 1931: 1927: 1924: 1921: 1919: 1908: 1907: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1884: 1883: 1879: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1860: 1859: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1836: 1835: 1831: 1828: 1825: 1823: 1812: 1811: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1788: 1787: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1764: 1763: 1757: 1752: 1747: 1744: 1743: 1739: 1726: 1721: 1713: 1711: 1707: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1687: 1683: 1681: 1665: 1660: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1640: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1590: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1568: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1529: 1519: 1513: 1510: 1505: 1502: 1501: 1495: 1492: 1487: 1484: 1483: 1477: 1474: 1469: 1466: 1465: 1459: 1456: 1451: 1448: 1447: 1441: 1438: 1433: 1430: 1429: 1423: 1420: 1415: 1412: 1411: 1405: 1402: 1397: 1394: 1393: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1379: 1372: 1368: 1353: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1330: 1326: 1324: 1320: 1315: 1313: 1309: 1304: 1301: 1295: 1293: 1287: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1252: 1248: 1246: 1245:rule of thumb 1241: 1236: 1234: 1229: 1227: 1219: 1215: 1210: 1206: 1204: 1201:launched the 1200: 1196: 1184: 1178: 1171: 1166: 1159: 1153: 1151:Total 2003–17 1142: 1136: 1125: 1119: 1108: 1102: 1091: 1085: 1074: 1068: 1057: 1051: 1040: 1034: 1023: 1017: 1006: 1000: 993: 991: 985: 978: 976: 970: 963: 961: 955: 948: 946: 940: 933: 931: 925: 918: 916: 910: 892: 881: 868: 857: 854: 853: 844: 840: 825: 823: 818: 813: 809: 805: 800: 798: 794: 791:concerns and 790: 786: 782: 778: 769: 765: 764:ethanol (E85) 761: 756: 752: 749: 745: 741: 735: 733: 728: 724: 720: 716: 712: 708: 704: 700: 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10758:Butanol fuel 10743:Alcohol fuel 10678:Hybrid train 10619:Electric car 10607:Electric bus 10293:Solar energy 10156:18 September 10154:. 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