265:
obtained in the framework of the cooperation between France and the USSR for the pacific use of atomic energy. Plans were made on both sides to broaden the latter basis to joint work in high-energy physics in particular. "Foreign ministers signed a cooperation agreement for the study and exploration of outer space for peaceful purposes, as well as an agreement on scientific, technical, and economic cooperation. The French
Government and the Soviet Government attach great importance to these two agreements, which will increase trade and develop cooperation between the two countries in science and technology, particularly in the most advanced fields.
175:"The Ministry of the Interim, which has responsibility for internal security; the French representation in the NATO organization; the Ministry of Defense, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs were all penetrated in the higher echelons by KGB agents. An official who then appeared to be a member of De Gaulle's cabinet, and who had ministerial or near-ministerial rank in 1944 in De Gaulle's first government, had been identified in KGB discussions as a KGB agent. A network with the code name ʻSapphire,ʌ consisting of more than half a dozen French intelligence officers, all of whom had been recruited by the KGB, was operating inside the
160:, when he warned France that American nuclear weapons would be pointed at France if they performed a nuclear strike beyond the agreed plans. In March 1966, De Gaulle removed all French armed forces from NATO control and told the United States (and other NATO military members) to leave France. France remained an ally to NATO forces, but only agreed to station French troops in Germany during the Cold War". The French forces in Germany remained stationed in Germany until 1993, but in the context of a French-German military cooperation agreement.
259:
precariousness. The French
Government and the Soviet Government continue to believe that the only possible solution to such a situation, which poses a threat to the cause of peace, is a settlement based on the 1945 Geneva Agreements excluding any foreign intervention in Vietnam. In this spirit, they agree to continue exchanging their information and to confront their views. (...)
156:. What concerned the western nations in the NATO alliance was the statement of the French Chief of the General Staff. He pointed out that their nuclear weapons could fire in any direction. The obvious threat was that America could just as easily become a target. The remark was in response to the American Secretary of State
389:, imported in parts in the French Guiana Space Center of Kourou and assembled on site. Russia uses the Kourou space center to launch her own satellites. The latter cooperation justified the settlements of a number of other Russian companies in French Guiana that currently hires numerous Russians in the place.
234:
Both governments agree that Europe's problems must be considered in a
European framework, first. They believe that the States of the continent must devote their efforts to the creation of conditions necessary for the agreements to be concluded, and to the establishment of a climate of detente between
294:
The visit of De Gaulle to the USSR and the talks to which it gave rise constitute a vital contribution to the development of the understanding between France and the Soviet Union, and between the French people and the Soviet people. Thus way, the joint efforts will contribute to a renewed feeling of
252:
France and the Soviet Union have agreed that their own cooperation can constitute a decisive contribution to the latter endeavors. The two countries note with satisfaction that, in recent years, important progresses have been made, which are the results of De Gaulle's trip to Moscow and the talks he
228:
European problems drew first and foremost the attention of De Gaulle and of the Soviet statesmen. Those problems obviously are of paramount importance to France and to the Soviet Union since it is from their solving that the establishment in the whole continent of a normal situation depends on, and,
240:
To France and to the Soviet Union alike, the first objective is, in this spirit, the normalization, and then the gradual development of the relations between all
European countries in the respect of the independence of each, and of non-intervention in their domestic affairs. This action must resume
276:
Those consultations will focus on
European problems and other international problems of common interest. The two governments will endeavor to concert their efforts in the interests of peace and security in Europe and in the World. Additionally, the consultations will relate to bilateral relations,
264:
As for the French-Soviet scientific relations, it was found that contacts between French and Soviet scientists and researchers have become numerous and fruitful . Their development for the mutual benefit of the two countries will be encouraged. The conversations have shown the good results already
75:, France and the Soviet Union signed a joint declaration of cooperation on foreign affairs, science, and technology. The trip and the signing of the treaty had both a high symbolical value and dramatic implications with respect to the situation and stance of France in the Western World during the
258:
The situation in
Southeast Asia has been examined. The situation in the Indochinese Peninsula was found to be increasingly worrying, due to the worsening of the war in Vietnam that is multiplying suffering and chaos in this country, and is dragging the neighboring states, Cambodia and Laos, into
195:
that his hierarchy in Paris asked to him to organize a clandestine intelligence ring in the United States, with the specific purpose to collecting information about U.S. military installations and scientific researches. What furthermore troubled
Thyraud de Vosjoli is that, in their details, the
171:
had "demonstrated that NATO's headquarters in France were so deeply penetrated that all secrets of this body were deliverable to Moscow within 48 hours. The most worrying news was
Golitsyn's firsthand information pointing to the existence of a KGB spy among De Gaulle's closest, most trusted
320:
In particular, it gave birth from the inception to a close and uninterrupted cooperation between the two countries in aeronautics and space, and to regular exchanges of engineers and scientists for the development of a large range of technologies. In 1968, France had made operational her
270:
It was decided on both sides to conclude a consular convention between France and the Soviet Union and to exchange negotiations for that purpose very soon. "In view to strengthening mutual confidence and broadening the areas of agreement and cooperation between France and the USSR, the two
288:
De Gaulle invited to visit France the official Soviet leaders with whom he had talks, Mr. L. I. Brejnev, Mr. A. N. Kossyguine, and Mr. N. V. Podgorny. The latter gratefully accepted the invitation on behalf of the
Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the Soviet
172:
advisers". In the spring of 1962, "this moved
President Kennedy to take extraordinary measures to warn De Gaulle of traitors close to him â a warning that De Gaulle, always suspicious of America, refused to heed". The revelations of Golitsyn about France were as follow.
282:
In order to reinforce mutual contact at the highest level, France and the Soviet Union have decided to establish a direct line of communication between the Kremlin and the ĂlysĂ©e, which can be used for exchanges of views and the sending of messages whenever it appears
246:
It was noted with satisfaction on both sides that significant progresses have been made already towards the normalization of the situation in Europe. The latter effort must be pursued with the intention to paving the way for fruitful cooperation over Europe from all
211:
considered he had to allow for the possibility of another reversal of situation in French politics, and said officially but cryptically, "As our old friend and ally, France's place awaits her wherever she decides to resume her leading role".
179:
itself. A new section for collecting scientific intelligence had been or was being created inside the SDECE, with the specific mission of spying out U.S. nuclear and other technological advances, eventually in the Soviet interest".
113:
Indeed, De Gaulle moved swiftly, as three months later only, in June 1959, he prohibited NATO nuclear weapons from being stationed in France. "His ultimate goal was two-fold. De Gaulle sought to make France independent of the
196:
objectives he was asked to spy on matched exactly a scheme that Golitsyn had revealed to his French interrogators months earlier. Additionally, the SDECE had asked to him to give the names of the sources he had in
235:
all the countries in particular, in the East as in the West. Such climate would actually encourage closer relations between the latter, and the examination and settlement of the problems that arise, consequently.
392:
Additionally, France and the Soviet Union developed a close partnership in intelligence activities from 1962, which resumed eventually with the Russian Federation and until today (2019) either.
204:, the former told to the latter, "Until now, ... you have been working in liaison with the Americans. That is all behind you, because we no longer consider America as our ally, our friend".
2003:
229:
consequently, of a real and stable peace. To them, the concerns are above all about the European security and the German question, on which the two parties exchanged their views.
3338:
564:
200:, "to cease working on Cuba altogether". On a meeting between Director of the SDECE General Paul Jacquier and Thyraud de Vosjoli at the headquarter of this agency in
253:
had on this occasion with the Soviet leaders. They are determined to continue in this direction, striving to rally gradually in their efforts all European countries.
455:
410:
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confidence in the traditional role of Europe as bedrock of civilization, and in common interests in the progress of peace throughout the World.
589:
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149:) From that speech on, De Gaulle often repeated the same latter phrase, thus making it a motto among the French ruling elite since then.
309:
The validity of the agreement between France and the Soviet Union survived the fall of the Soviet Union, and its terms resumed with the
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3452:
220:
Below is a translation of the major points of the French-Soviet Joint Declaration of June 30, 1966, concerning European affairs, the
3404:
1437:
373:
Launch Pad) in the French Guiana Space Center of Kourou. Finished in September 2010, it is identical to the Russian launch pad of
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taking into account the will of the two parties to develop friendly relations and further cooperation between France and the USSR.
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1484:
94:" with the support of the military and of allies of Communist politician and former Director of the French intelligence services
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1605:
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950:
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147:"Oui, c'est l'Europe, depuis l'Atlantique à l'Oural, c'est l'Europe, c'est toute l'Europe, qui décidera du destin du monde!"
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122:'s influence and to possess the ability to conduct autonomous negotiations with the USSR should the East Germans move into
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908:
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1905:
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1113:
2245:
2240:
1735:
1698:
1427:
873:
42:
1923:
1785:
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Chronologically, in 1959, as De Gaulle just took the power in France through a discreet coup d'Ă©tat since called "
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1306:
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1998:
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1790:
1499:
1422:
1093:
2376:
2336:
2306:
2255:
2115:
2033:
2029:
1900:
1830:
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1412:
1178:
1073:
1005:
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2820:
2815:
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2210:
1938:
1683:
1642:
1586:
1489:
1370:
1328:
1233:
758:
712:
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gave a speech in Moscow to celebrate "the 50th anniversary of the visit of General de Gaulle in Moscow".
99:
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The President of the French Republic. The President of the Praesidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
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1835:
1323:
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893:
107:
432:
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3290:
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2043:
1750:
1311:
923:
840:
91:
72:
224:, and the sharing of technology and scientific researches including high physics and atomic energy.
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2607:
1870:
1760:
1514:
1058:
2780:
2270:
2215:
2200:
2140:
1948:
1928:
1688:
1365:
970:
103:
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3060:
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1958:
1632:
1108:
868:
863:
656:
338:
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590:""Anniversaire de la visite du général de Gaulle en URSS en juin 1966 discours de M. Ripert,""
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In 1966, in reaction to France's shift of stance in favor of the Soviet Union, U.S. President
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1208:
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801:
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2457:
2411:
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2019:
1968:
1963:
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106:, he began building up the defenses of France. On March 11 of the same year, he pulled the
152:"On Feb, 13, 1960, France became a nuclear power when it exploded a nuclear device in the
8:
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1993:
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133:, De Gaulle gave a speech in which the following short sentence struck many. "Yes, it is
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1973:
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49:
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governments have decided to resume consultations among themselves on a regular basis.
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83:. The latter concerns were further emphasized by France's withdrawal from integrated
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rocket launchers. In 2019, the Guiana Space Center of Kourou is co-managed by the
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3200:
3145:
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2100:
1978:
1805:
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888:
853:
809:
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in all areas, be they economic, cultural, technological, and political of course.
188:
1392:
126:. In coming years, he removed the rest of France's Navy from the NATO command".
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Moreover, unbeknownst to the public until April 1968, in December 1961, Soviet
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1953:
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2710:
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1286:
1136:
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985:
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145:; it is Europe, the whole Europe that will decide the fate of the World!" (
123:
23:
3250:
2855:
2825:
2680:
2670:
2569:
2432:
2225:
1714:
1544:
1529:
1340:
1188:
1156:
1043:
858:
763:
702:
378:
354:
221:
3009:
2720:
2690:
2644:
2559:
2527:
2519:
2462:
2150:
1865:
1554:
1442:
1048:
369:, and the latter built the launch-pad Ensemble de Lancement SoyuzâELS (
358:
130:
1663:
3305:
3150:
2999:
2972:
2785:
2740:
2649:
2617:
2597:
2589:
1918:
1708:
385:. Since 2011, Russia is launching satellites with commercial rockets
366:
157:
2884:
2725:
2622:
2497:
2316:
2220:
1360:
1218:
672:
138:
76:
2004:
Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
2830:
2715:
2705:
2654:
2195:
940:
456:""Looking back: De Gaulle tells American Forces to leave France""
411:""Looking back: De Gaulle tells American Forces to leave France""
386:
22:
is an important agreement on a range of cooperation between the
2898:
2700:
2639:
1574:
550:
Maurice Vaïsse, Clémence Sebag, "France and NATO: An History,"
326:
134:
61:
27:
3383:
3339:
American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation
2845:
2628:
707:
201:
176:
79:, and to the then ongoing yet still inchoate building of the
313:
since then. On June 21, 2016, France's Ambassador in Moscow
2923:
2805:
697:
641:
350:
197:
84:
35:
515:
magazine, "The French Spy Scandal," April 26, 1968, p. 35.
503:
magazine, "The French Spy Scandal," April 26, 1968, p. 34.
491:
magazine, "The French Spy Scandal," April 26, 1968, p. 31.
479:
magazine, "The French Spy Scandal," April 26, 1968, p. 31.
191:
Philippe Thyraud de Vosjoli reported spontaneously to the
3378:
3358:
3353:
565:""Déclaration commune franco-soviétique - 30 juin 1966,""
192:
164:
16:
Cooperation agreement between France and the Soviet Union
30:, signed in Moscow at the same date by President of the
361:. In the 2000s, ESA partnered with Russian company
55:
337:, from which she began to launch satellites with
3470:
3324:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States
614:, Little, Brown and Co. Pub., 1970, pp. 312-313.
528:, Little, Brown and Co. Pub., 1970, pp. 313-314.
20:French-Soviet Joint Declaration of June 30, 1966
1761:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972
1168:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences
657:
3400:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
951:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council
592:. Embassy of France in Moscow. June 21, 2016
554:, vol. hors série, no. 5, 2009, pp. 139-150.
458:. Royal Air Force Mildenhall. March 23, 2010
413:. Royal Air Force Mildenhall. March 23, 2010
2261:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
541:, Little, Brown and Co. Pub., 1970, p. 311.
3364:United States involvement in regime change
919:1947â1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine
664:
650:
1490:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia)
381:multinational European company and the
3471:
3334:Russian espionage in the United States
1606:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
357:, and Azerbaidjani satellite operator
3329:Soviet espionage in the United States
1485:Indonesian mass killings of 1965â1966
1264:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution
929:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
645:
365:and the Russian federal Space Agency
3405:Soviet UnionâUnited States relations
1756:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China
623:Poirier, Dominique (Aug. 21, 2019).
433:"L'Europe de l'Atlantique Ă L'Oural"
3369:Soviet involvement in regime change
13:
3410:Soviet UnionâUnited States summits
884:1947 Polish parliamentary election
769:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
347:Centre National d'Ătudes Spatiales
14:
3490:
2171:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency
2106:United States invasion of Grenada
1376:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence
1317:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania
2246:United States invasion of Panama
2096:1982 EthiopianâSomali Border War
1736:1971 Turkish military memorandum
1699:Communist insurgency in Thailand
1669:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
1601:Communist insurgency in Malaysia
1428:Assassination of John F. Kennedy
1356:IndonesiaâMalaysia confrontation
874:Restatement of Policy on Germany
215:
71:and Minister of Foreign Affairs
56:Historical and political context
43:President of the French Republic
2966:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
2347:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
2276:Fall of the inner German border
2176:1988 Black Sea bumping incident
1826:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
1816:Spanish transition to democracy
1776:1972â1975 Bangladesh insurgency
1403:Communist insurgency in Sarawak
909:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947â1948
790:Occupation of the Baltic states
617:
604:
582:
557:
544:
304:
60:On June 30, 1966, on a trip in
32:Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
1746:Four Power Agreement on Berlin
1381:Mozambican War of Independence
820:Indonesian National Revolution
610:Thyraud de Vosjoli, Philippe,
537:Thyraud de Vosjoli, Philippe,
531:
524:Thyraud de Vosjoli, Philippe,
518:
506:
494:
482:
470:
447:
425:
402:
377:, and has been co-financed by
167:defector to the United States
1:
3344:CIA and the Cultural Cold War
2359:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
2312:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident
2034:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts
1999:Seven Days to the River Rhine
1731:Corrective Revolution (Egypt)
1018:March 1949 Syrian coup d'Ă©tat
946:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'Ă©tat
570:. Embassy of France in Moscow
395:
2337:Fall of communism in Albania
2307:Mongolian Revolution of 1990
2256:Polish Round Table Agreement
1596:1968 Polish political crisis
1413:Eritrean War of Independence
1179:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
1074:East German uprising of 1953
1006:Chinese Communist Revolution
671:
625:DGSE: The French Spy Machine
7:
2211:Korean Air Lines Flight 007
1939:Korean Air Lines Flight 902
1684:Corrective Movement (Syria)
1648:New People's Army rebellion
1643:Sino-Soviet border conflict
1371:Angolan War of Independence
1234:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
1114:1954 Guatemalan coup d'Ă©tat
759:Jamaican political conflict
627:. Amazon.com Services LLC,
435:. Gaulism.fr. June 15, 2010
102:, thus giving birth to the
100:French constitution of 1946
10:
3495:
3479:Cold War history of France
2407:Sino-Indian border dispute
2236:First Nagorno-Karabakh War
2166:1987â1989 JVP insurrection
1924:1976 Argentine coup d'Ă©tat
1836:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
1786:1973 Uruguayan coup d'Ă©tat
1470:1964 Brazilian coup d'Ă©tat
1438:Cyprus crisis of 1963â1964
1127:First Taiwan Strait Crisis
894:Asian Relations Conference
108:French Mediterranean Fleet
3443:
3392:
3314:
3291:William Appleman Williams
3236:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.
3018:
2990:
2939:
2871:
2864:
2798:
2663:
2588:
2518:
2511:
2420:
2367:
2299:
2012:
1751:Bangladesh Liberation War
1741:1971 Sudanese coup d'Ă©tat
1656:
1628:1969 Sudanese coup d'Ă©tat
1616:1968 Peruvian coup d'Ă©tat
1279:
1054:Arab Cold War (1952â1979)
1031:
741:
679:
353:), French rocket builder
129:In November 23, 1959, in
92:May 1958 crisis in France
73:Maurice Couve de Murville
48:, which resumed with the
2066:1980 Turkish coup d'Ă©tat
1901:CambodianâVietnamese War
1871:1978 Somali coup attempt
1831:Second IraqiâKurdish War
1796:1973 Chilean coup d'Ă©tat
1621:Revolutionary Government
1515:South African Border War
1307:1960 Turkish coup d'Ă©tat
1224:Iraqi 14 July Revolution
1079:1953 Iranian coup d'Ă©tat
1059:1952 Egyptian revolution
2271:Fall of the Berlin Wall
2216:People Power Revolution
2201:Central American crisis
2141:1986 Black Sea incident
1791:1973 Afghan coup d'Ă©tat
1689:Western Sahara conflict
1500:1966 Syrian coup d'Ă©tat
1423:1963 Syrian coup d'Ă©tat
1366:Portuguese Colonial War
1329:First IraqiâKurdish War
1094:1954 Syrian coup d'Ă©tat
971:Annexation of Hyderabad
914:1947â1949 Palestine war
104:Fifth Republic (France)
87:earlier the same year.
2565:Neoclassical economics
2076:Gulf of Sidra incident
1633:1969 Libyan revolution
1324:IraqiâKurdish conflict
1109:1954 Geneva Conference
869:Turkish straits crisis
864:Corfu Channel incident
339:Ariane (rocket family)
302:
297:
291:
285:
279:
273:
267:
261:
255:
249:
243:
237:
231:
3415:RussiaâNATO relations
3296:Jonathan Reed Winkler
2580:Democratic capitalism
2575:Supply-side economics
2543:American conservatism
2342:Breakup of Yugoslavia
2231:Bougainville conflict
2146:South Yemen civil war
2081:Martial law in Poland
1944:Nicaraguan Revolution
1919:Dirty War (Argentina)
1726:1971 JVP insurrection
1540:Years of Lead (Italy)
1418:North Yemen civil war
1336:Berlin Crisis of 1961
1312:AlbanianâSoviet split
1244:1959 Tibetan uprising
1209:Syrian Crisis of 1957
1064:Iraqi Intifada (1952)
924:1948 ArabâIsraeli War
343:European Space Agency
298:
292:
286:
280:
274:
268:
262:
256:
250:
244:
238:
232:
226:
110:out of NATO command.
2836:Non-Aligned Movement
2458:Peaceful coexistence
2412:North Borneo dispute
2327:German reunification
2322:Min Ping Yu No. 5202
2020:Salvadoran Civil War
1969:Grand Mosque seizure
1964:Yemenite War of 1979
1856:Mozambican Civil War
1811:Carnation Revolution
1766:Yemenite War of 1972
1704:1970 Polish protests
1535:1967 Hong Kong riots
1510:Argentine Revolution
1460:Guatemalan Civil War
1388:Cuban Missile Crisis
1302:Bay of Pigs Invasion
1174:1956 PoznaĆ protests
1152:Geneva Summit (1955)
754:Hukbalahap Rebellion
733:Non-Aligned Movement
3281:Alex von Tunzelmann
3271:Vladimir TismÄneanu
3196:Thomas J. McCormick
3191:Jack F. Matlock Jr.
3091:Robert Hugh Ferrell
2954:Crusade for Freedom
2751:Illiberal democracy
2635:Ho Chi Minh Thought
2438:Eisenhower Doctrine
2291:Peaceful Revolution
2286:Romanian Revolution
2266:Revolutions of 1989
2251:1988 Polish strikes
2161:Operation INFEKTION
2156:1987 Lieyu massacre
2061:Eritrean Civil Wars
2044:Peruvian Revolution
1994:1979 Herat uprising
1984:Sino-Vietnamese War
1949:UgandaâTanzania War
1929:EgyptianâLibyan War
1896:Third Indochina War
1891:Sino-Albanian split
1881:Ethiopian Civil War
1781:Eritrean Civil Wars
1721:Ping-pong diplomacy
1694:Cambodian Civil War
1520:Korean DMZ Conflict
1505:Cultural Revolution
1475:Dominican Civil War
1453:Tlatelolco massacre
1239:1959 Mosul uprising
1229:1958 Lebanon crisis
956:Al-Wathbah uprising
879:First Indochina War
849:Iran crisis of 1946
552:Politique Ă©trangĂšre
375:Baikonur Cosmodrome
323:Guiana Space Center
315:Jean-Maurice Ripert
98:, and reformed the
66:President of France
3435:Russian Revolution
3231:Mary Elise Sarotte
3216:William B. Pickett
3141:Patrick J. Hearden
3121:Gabriel Gorodetsky
3116:Timothy Garton Ash
3101:Anneli Ute Gabanyi
2696:Ethnic nationalism
2448:Hallstein Doctrine
2332:Yemeni unification
2121:1985 Geneva Summit
2086:Casamance conflict
1989:New Jewel Movement
1974:Iranian Revolution
1959:ChadianâLibyan War
1906:Cambodian conflict
1886:Lebanese Civil War
1876:Western Sahara War
1851:June 1976 protests
1846:Cambodian genocide
1611:17 July Revolution
1565:Nigerian Civil War
1480:Rhodesian Bush War
1465:Colombian conflict
1408:Ramadan Revolution
1147:Bandung Conference
1023:Operation Valuable
904:Partition of India
311:Russian Federation
50:Russian Federation
3466:
3465:
3453:List of conflicts
3301:Rudolph Winnacker
3246:Giles Scott-Smith
3221:Ronald E. Powaski
3176:Melvyn P. Leffler
3106:John Lewis Gaddis
3081:Robert D. English
3046:Warren H. Carroll
3036:Michael Beschloss
3005:Nuclear arms race
2986:
2985:
2892:Neues Deutschland
2794:
2793:
2776:White nationalism
2746:Liberal democracy
2483:Ulbricht Doctrine
2473:Brezhnev Doctrine
2281:Velvet Revolution
2025:SovietâAfghan War
1841:Angolan Civil War
1638:Goulash Communism
1495:ASEAN Declaration
1448:Mexican Dirty War
1346:Annexation of Goa
1297:1960 U-2 incident
1271:Sino-Soviet split
1249:Laotian Civil War
1089:Bricker Amendment
1069:Mau Mau rebellion
1013:Malayan Emergency
1001:Chinese Civil War
961:TitoâStalin split
815:Division of Korea
209:Lyndon B. Johnson
183:In 1963, SDECE's
169:Anatoliy Golitsyn
96:Jacques Soustelle
69:Charles de Gaulle
46:Charles de Gaulle
3486:
3211:David S. Painter
3136:John Earl Haynes
3066:Nicholas J. Cull
3051:Adrian Cioroianu
3031:Thomas A. Bailey
2978:Voice of America
2869:
2868:
2781:White separatism
2761:Social democracy
2756:Guided democracy
2736:Authoritarianism
2686:Ultranationalism
2676:Anti-imperialism
2603:MarxismâLeninism
2516:
2515:
2503:Kinmen Agreement
2468:Johnson Doctrine
2453:Kennedy Doctrine
2369:Frozen conflicts
2352:1991 August Coup
2241:Afghan Civil War
2136:ReykjavĂk Summit
2131:Somali Rebellion
2071:Ugandan Bush War
2049:GdaĆsk Agreement
1570:Protests of 1968
1550:War of Attrition
1259:Cuban Revolution
1195:We will bury you
1162:Cyprus Emergency
1142:Kashmir Princess
1132:Jebel Akhdar War
981:Western betrayal
666:
659:
652:
643:
642:
636:
621:
615:
608:
602:
601:
599:
597:
586:
580:
579:
577:
575:
569:
561:
555:
548:
542:
535:
529:
522:
516:
510:
504:
498:
492:
486:
480:
474:
468:
467:
465:
463:
451:
445:
444:
442:
440:
429:
423:
422:
420:
418:
406:
185:Chief of Station
39:Nikolai Podgorny
3494:
3493:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3462:
3439:
3430:Second Cold War
3388:
3316:
3310:
3286:Odd Arne Westad
3276:Patrick Vaughan
3261:Athan Theoharis
3241:Ellen Schrecker
3226:Yakov M. Rabkin
3201:Timothy Naftali
3146:Tvrtko Jakovina
3131:Jussi HanhimÀki
3014:
2992:
2982:
2960:Paix et Liberté
2935:
2879:Active measures
2860:
2790:
2771:White supremacy
2731:Totalitarianism
2659:
2584:
2507:
2493:Reagan Doctrine
2488:Carter Doctrine
2428:Truman Doctrine
2416:
2363:
2295:
2190:Soviet reaction
2101:Ndogboyosoi War
2008:
1979:Saur Revolution
1806:1973 oil crisis
1771:Munich massacre
1679:Alcora Exercise
1674:Black September
1652:
1398:Sino-Indian War
1292:Simba rebellion
1275:
1119:Capture of the
1027:
966:Berlin Blockade
899:May 1947 crises
889:Truman Doctrine
854:Greek Civil War
843:Blacklist Forty
810:Gouzenko Affair
797:Cursed soldiers
749:Morgenthau Plan
737:
675:
670:
640:
639:
622:
618:
609:
605:
595:
593:
588:
587:
583:
573:
571:
567:
563:
562:
558:
549:
545:
536:
532:
523:
519:
511:
507:
499:
495:
487:
483:
475:
471:
461:
459:
454:
452:
448:
438:
436:
431:
430:
426:
416:
414:
409:
407:
403:
398:
307:
218:
189:Washington D.C.
58:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3492:
3482:
3481:
3464:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3396:
3394:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3320:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3256:Timothy Snyder
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3186:Vojtech Mastny
3183:
3181:Geir Lundestad
3178:
3173:
3171:Walter Laqueur
3168:
3166:Walter LaFeber
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3096:André Fontaine
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3026:Gar Alperovitz
3022:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2996:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2963:
2956:
2951:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2926:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2875:
2873:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2766:Third-Worldism
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2555:Libertarianism
2552:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2535:
2533:Chicago school
2530:
2524:
2522:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2478:Nixon Doctrine
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2424:
2422:
2421:Foreign policy
2418:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2206:Operation RYAN
2203:
2198:
2193:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2111:Able Archer 83
2108:
2103:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2027:
2022:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1861:Oromo conflict
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1801:Yom Kippur War
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1584:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1433:Aden Emergency
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1351:Papua conflict
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1256:
1254:Kitchen Debate
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1214:Sputnik crisis
1211:
1206:
1198:
1191:
1186:
1184:Polish October
1181:
1176:
1171:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1084:Pact of Madrid
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1039:Bamboo Curtain
1035:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1009:
1008:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
932:
931:
926:
921:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
838:
830:
822:
817:
812:
807:
799:
794:
793:
792:
787:
779:
766:
761:
756:
751:
745:
743:
739:
738:
736:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
688:
680:
677:
676:
669:
668:
661:
654:
646:
638:
637:
633:978-1687670533
616:
603:
581:
556:
543:
530:
517:
505:
493:
481:
469:
446:
424:
400:
399:
397:
394:
383:European Union
371:Soyuz (rocket)
363:TsSKB Progress
306:
303:
217:
214:
120:United Kingdom
81:European Union
57:
54:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3491:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3420:War on terror
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3315:Espionage and
3313:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3266:Andrew Thorpe
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3161:Gabriel Kolko
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3126:Fred Halliday
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3111:Lloyd Gardner
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3071:Norman Davies
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3056:John Costello
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3017:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2991:Technological
2989:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:Pro-communist
2870:
2867:
2863:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:Organizations
2797:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2613:Eurocommunism
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2443:Domino theory
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
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2397:South Ossetia
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2209:
2207:
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2202:
2199:
2197:
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2182:
2181:8888 Uprising
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
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2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2126:IranâIraq War
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2091:Falklands War
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
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2069:
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2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2005:
2002:
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1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1954:NDF Rebellion
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1934:German Autumn
1932:
1930:
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1821:Metapolitefsi
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1582:Prague Spring
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1560:Al-Wadiah War
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1525:12-3 incident
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1107:
1105:
1104:Domino theory
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1099:Petrov Affair
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976:Madiun Affair
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967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
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952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
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937:
936:Marshall Plan
934:
930:
927:
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922:
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685:United States
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553:
547:
540:
534:
527:
521:
514:
509:
502:
497:
490:
485:
478:
473:
457:
453:Mark Howell,
450:
434:
428:
412:
408:Mark Howell,
405:
401:
393:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
335:South America
332:
331:French Guiana
328:
324:
318:
316:
312:
301:
296:
290:
284:
278:
272:
266:
260:
254:
248:
242:
236:
230:
225:
223:
216:The agreement
213:
210:
205:
203:
199:
194:
190:
186:
181:
178:
173:
170:
166:
161:
159:
155:
154:Sahara Desert
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
127:
125:
121:
117:
116:United States
111:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
88:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
67:
63:
53:
51:
47:
44:
40:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
3425:Brinkmanship
3317:intelligence
3206:Marius Oprea
3156:Harvey Klehr
3086:Herbert Feis
3076:Willem Drees
3041:Archie Brown
2958:
2946:
2928:
2918:Trybuna Ludu
2916:
2909:
2905:Radio Moscow
2897:
2890:
2883:
2711:Anti-Zionism
2627:
2550:Keynesianism
2538:Conservatism
2402:Transnistria
2382:China-Taiwan
2039:Gera Demands
1912:
1713:
1588:
1393:El Porteñazo
1287:Congo Crisis
1202:
1137:Algerian War
1120:
996:Western Bloc
991:Eastern Bloc
986:Iron Curtain
842:
834:
826:
803:
783:
775:
692:Soviet Union
690:
683:
624:
619:
611:
606:
594:. Retrieved
584:
572:. Retrieved
559:
551:
546:
538:
533:
525:
520:
512:
508:
500:
496:
488:
484:
476:
472:
460:. Retrieved
449:
437:. Retrieved
427:
415:. Retrieved
404:
391:
319:
308:
305:Consequences
299:
293:
287:
281:
275:
269:
263:
257:
251:
245:
239:
233:
227:
219:
206:
182:
174:
162:
151:
146:
128:
124:West Germany
112:
89:
59:
52:since then.
24:Soviet Union
19:
18:
3251:Shen Zhihua
3061:Michael Cox
2993:competition
2940:Pro-Western
2930:Soviet Life
2856:Safari Club
2826:Warsaw Pact
2681:Nationalism
2671:Imperialism
2570:Reaganomics
2433:Containment
2226:Perestroika
1715:Realpolitik
1545:Six-Day War
1530:Greek junta
1341:Berlin Wall
1189:Suez Crisis
1157:Vietnam War
1044:McCarthyism
859:Baruch Plan
804:Unthinkable
764:Dekemvriana
703:Warsaw Pact
596:January 24,
574:January 24,
462:January 24,
439:January 24,
417:January 24,
379:Arianespace
355:Arianespace
345:(ESA), the
289:Government.
222:Vietnam War
137:, from the
3019:Historians
3010:Space Race
2911:Rudé pråvo
2865:Propaganda
2721:Neo-Nazism
2691:Chauvinism
2645:Trotskyism
2560:Monetarism
2528:Liberalism
2520:Capitalism
2512:Ideologies
2463:Ostpolitik
2186:Solidarity
2151:Toyota War
2054:Solidarity
1911:Operation
1866:Ogaden War
1555:Dhofar War
1443:Shifta War
1201:Operation
1049:Korean War
841:Operation
833:Operation
825:Operation
802:Operation
782:Operation
774:Operation
396:References
359:Azercosmos
283:necessary.
131:Strasbourg
3306:Ken Young
3151:Tony Judt
3000:Arms race
2973:Red Scare
2841:NN States
2786:Apartheid
2741:Autocracy
2650:Stalinism
2618:Guevarism
2608:Castroism
2598:Communism
2590:Socialism
2116:Star Wars
1709:Koza riot
835:Beleaguer
827:Masterdom
367:Roscosmos
158:Dean Rusk
3473:Category
3458:Timeline
3448:Category
3393:See also
2885:Izvestia
2726:Islamism
2623:Hoxhaism
2498:Rollback
2377:Abkhazia
2317:Gulf War
2221:Glasnost
1591:incident
1361:Sand War
1219:Ifni War
728:Rio Pact
673:Cold War
247:parties.
139:Atlantic
118:and the
77:Cold War
2948:Amerika
2831:Comecon
2716:Fascism
2706:Zionism
2655:Titoism
2196:Contras
1664:DĂ©tente
941:Comecon
387:Soyuz-2
34:of the
2899:Pravda
2701:Racism
2640:Maoism
2392:Kosovo
1913:Condor
1589:Pueblo
1575:May 68
1203:Gladio
1121:Tuapse
784:Jungle
776:Priboi
631:
327:Kourou
135:Europe
62:Moscow
28:France
3384:Stasi
2851:SAARC
2846:ASEAN
2811:SEATO
2664:Other
2629:Juche
2387:Korea
2300:1990s
2013:1980s
1657:1970s
1280:1960s
1032:1950s
742:1940s
723:NEATO
718:SEATO
708:ANZUS
612:Lamia
568:(PDF)
539:Lamia
526:Lamia
329:, in
202:Paris
177:SDECE
2924:TASS
2816:METO
2806:NATO
2032:and
2030:1980
1587:USS
713:METO
698:NATO
629:ISBN
598:2020
576:2020
513:Life
501:Life
489:Life
477:Life
464:2020
441:2020
419:2020
351:CNES
198:Cuba
143:Ural
85:NATO
41:and
36:USSR
26:and
3379:KGB
3374:MVD
3359:MI6
3354:MI5
3349:CIA
2821:EEC
325:in
193:CIA
187:in
165:KGB
141:to
64:of
3475::
333:,
2192:)
2188:(
1197:"
1193:"
1170:"
1166:"
665:e
658:t
651:v
635:.
600:.
578:.
466:.
443:.
421:.
349:(
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