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Genealogical Office

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entity, the application should include information about the legal status (if any) of the organisation, its structure, its activities and business, the length of time during which it has operated and, if relevant, information about membership. Where appropriate, a certified copy of the resolution of the council, board, or other controlling body should be submitted. If an application appears to be in order the matter is considered in detail by a herald of arms who will consult with the applicant about possible designs. A preliminary painting is then made for the approval of the applicant who will also be shown a draft of the letters patent. The final document is issued on vellum and includes a hand-painted exemplification of the arms. The grant of arms is recorded in the Register of Arms and is a matter of public record.
282: 581:. This enables the Board of the National Library to "designate a member of its staff to perform the duty of researching, granting and confirming coats of arms and such member shall use the appellation Chief Herald of Ireland or, in the Irish language, Príomh-Aralt na hÉireann, while performing such duties". While this was intended to legitimise the granting of arms in Ireland, it actually initiated a debate as to whether any grants made since 1943 were valid. These would include the 1945 grant of the 1658: 25: 768:
Mr Clinton's arms are blazoned thus: Or a lion rampant gules charged with three bars argent holding in the dexter paw a branch of olive proper between in the dexter chief and sinister base a cross crosslet fitchée sable and in the sinister chief and dexter base a shamrock slipped vert. And the Crest:
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In September 2007 a notice was added to the National Library website noting the suspension of grants of arms until the legal situation was clarified. Following the receipt of legal advice, the Board of the National Library was "satisfied that it can exercise the heraldic powers conferred on it by the
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Due reportedly to uncertainty concerning the legal validity of grants of arms in Ireland, the post of Chief Herald remained vacant from September 2003 until August 2005. It had been assumed that the prerogatives of the British Crown, including the power to grant arms, had been inherited after Irish
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An application for a grant of arms should be made to the Chief Herald, on a prescribed form, setting out, in the case of a personal application, basic personal information and accompanied by supporting certificates or other appropriate documents. For a grant of arms to a corporate body or other
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While the issue of the legality of grants of arms by the Chief Herald has been resolved, no penalties or jurisdiction have yet been legislated for to discourage anyone from designing and using a new coat of arms. The specific emblazonments of self-designed arms may be protected by the current
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where a group of male cousins of a chief were eligible to succeed by election. This was accepted by the new title-holders, but not by some of their cousins. Thereafter the chiefs of the name succeeded by primogeniture for several centuries, in a similar way to the clan chiefs in
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The issue of the chiefs' succession arose again after the creation of the Chief Herald of Ireland in 1943. Some Chiefs of the Name favoured tanistry, while others saw primogeniture as a more practical system. In an address to the Irish Senate in December 2006,
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The Constitution does not prohibit the granting of honours, other than titles of nobility, by the State. The Constitution is also silent as to untitled nobility. The Government acknowledges titles of nobility that have in the past derived from the
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The Board did, however, note that "doubts exist regarding the legal basis of heraldic functions exercised in the State prior to the establishment of the Board" and that "with minor amendment, the wording of the Act could be made more succinct".
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The sum of €400 is payable when lodging the application; half of the remaining fee is payable when work on the design begins, and the balance must be paid before work on the actual grant of arms is put in hand by the Herald Painter.
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Many other clan chiefs were never given formal titles or knighthoods from the Kingdom of Ireland, but were issued with arms and usually registered their genealogies with the heralds in Dublin, and became a significant part of the
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An individual, corporate body or other entity, not resident or located in Ireland but who or which has substantial historical, cultural, educational, financial or ancestral connections with Ireland.
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Following advice from the Attorney General that the recognition of Chiefs of the Name was without basis in law, the practice of courtesy recognition was abandoned in July 2003.
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by the State, and Article 40.2.2 prohibits acceptance by any citizen of any title of nobility or of honour "without the prior approval of the Government."
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then exercising sovereignty over Ireland, and in fact, such titles continue to be mentioned in confirmations of arms by the Chief Herald of Ireland.
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was created in 1541, the Dublin administration wanted to involve the Gaelic chiefs in the new entity, creating new titles for them such as the
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The tradition of the Irish abroad seeking grants of arms from the Chief Herald continues to the present. The office accepts petitions for
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In December 2007 an additional exhibition space was opened in the space previously occupied by the Heraldic Museum in 2/3 Kildare Street.
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A public or local authority, corporate body or other entity which has been located or functioning in Ireland for at least five years.
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The Bill was withdrawn on 12 December 2006 with the consent of the sponsoring senator and was referred to the board of the
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S.I. No. 328/2002 — Genealogical Office (Transfer of Departmental Administration and Ministerial Functions) Order 2002
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A person resident in the state for at least the five-year period immediately before the date of the application.
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The coat of arms of Ulster King of Arms, who preceded the Chief Herald of Ireland. Taken from Lant's Roll
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National Cultural Institutions Act, 1997, section 13 (Irish Statute Book), accessed 25 October 2007
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Genealogical Office: Register of Arms, 1982–95, GO MS 111 W+X, folio X77, grant dated 13 June 1995.
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Europe. Some of their descendants were granted courtesy recognition in 1943 by the Chief Herald as
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in April 1922, the pre-existing office of the Ulster King of Arms continued unchanged until 1943.
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Parliamentary Debates (Official Report – Unrevised) Seanad Éireann Tuesday, 12 December 2006
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National Cultural Institutions Act, 1997 §13: Provisions relating to genealogy and heraldry.
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to reform the Office and provide a firm legal basis for grants and confirmations of arms.
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information including birth, marriage and death certificates back to an ancestor that
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for consideration by John O'Donoghue, the then Minister for Arts, Sport and Tourism.
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Schools, clubs, professional associations and other non-profit organizations €8,600
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S.I. No. 267/1943 — Allocation of Administration (Genealogical Office) Order, 1943
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Article 40.2.1 of the Constitution of Ireland prohibits the conferral of a new
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An anchor erect azure on the stock the letters SPES argent. With the Motto:
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A citizen of Ireland or a person who has an entitlement to become a citizen.
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Press Release, Board of the National Library of Ireland, 24 October 2007
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Royal Roots, Republican Inheritance: The Survival of the Office of Arms
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Heraldic Consultant of the Episcopal Conference of Slovakia (Slovakia)
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At the request of the Irish government grants of arms were made to
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was housed in the Genealogical Office until its closure in 2007.
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containing genealogical records. It includes the Office of the
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Heraldic Council of the President of the Russian Federation
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booklet (National Library of Ireland, bi-lingual, undated)
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Local authorities, government offices and agencies €8,600
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in 1552. The Ulster King of Arms' duties in relation to
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In May 2005 the government enacted section 13 of the
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Constitutional Paradigms and the Stability of States
1237:"Brendan O'Donoghue obituary: a cultural influence" 705:"6.4 Constitutions in liberal states – a change of 49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 901:. Department of Arts, Sport and Tourism. p. 3 1841: 792: 790: 1478:Standing Council of Irish Chiefs and Chieftains 1402:Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups 1254:Oireachtas, Houses of the (12 December 2006). 1023:Oireachtas, Houses of the (12 December 2006). 1004:Oireachtas, Houses of the (12 December 2006). 572:Provisional Government of the Irish Free State 495:involved a change to succession to a title by 413:In November 1945 the Chief Herald granted the 317:. The Chief Herald authorises the granting of 1688: 1359: 1292:"Colette O'Flaherty: Chief Herald of Ireland" 869: 867: 787: 773:(English: The lion who bears away the branch) 607:1997 Act", and grants are again being made. 1695: 1681: 1373: 1366: 1352: 1253: 1158:White, Lawrence William (1 October 2009). 1090: 1086:, Sean J. Murphy, accessed 25 October 2007 1022: 1003: 894:National Library of Ireland (April 2009). 864: 566:While many functions had passed under the 133: 667:An applicant will be expected to provide 558:Questions over legal status of the office 109:Learn how and when to remove this message 1784:United States Army Institute of Heraldry 1702: 973:"Constitution of Ireland Article 40.2.2" 818:"The Genealogical Office, Dublin Castle" 280: 1860:Government agencies established in 1943 1340:of Genealogy & Heraldry Bill, 2006. 1130: 978:. Government of Ireland. Archived from 579:National Cultural Institutions Act 1997 1842: 1133:"MacLysaght, Edward Anthony Edgeworth" 1676: 1347: 1325:Office of the Chief Herald of Ireland 1157: 1041: 810: 682:Corporate bodies (Commercial) €17,250 568:Irish Free State (Agreement) Act 1922 460: 434: 374:Department of Arts, Sport and Tourism 352:The Genealogical Office was based in 1338:Full text and explanatory memorandum 1044:"Irish chieftains lose their crowns" 735: 663:Costs of granting and preparing arms 549:Minister for Arts, Sport and Tourism 356:until 1981. It was made part of the 47:adding citations to reliable sources 18: 1724:Council of Heraldry and Vexillology 1131:Lysaght, Charles (1 October 2009). 702: 16:Office of the Government of Ireland 13: 696: 14: 1871: 1318: 1209: 360:in 1943. In 1987 it relocated to 1790:New Zealand Herald Extraordinary 1657: 1656: 622: 527:, some dozens of the old Gaelic 23: 1599:Faolán Mac an Ghabhann na ScĂ©al 1458:Genealogical Society of Ireland 1302: 1284: 1266: 1247: 1229: 1203: 1178: 1151: 1124: 1113: 1102: 1076: 1065: 1054: 1035: 1016: 997: 965: 956: 930: 884:Hood 2002 pp. 82, 174, 216, 235 762: 715:. Routledge. pp. 163–187. 383: 364:, occupying part of the former 34:needs additional citations for 1541:Ă“ ClĂ©irigh Book of Genealogies 1521:Leabhar Cloinne Maoil Ruanaidh 1507:Tuilleadh feasa ar Éirinn Ăłigh 916: 887: 878: 855: 844: 801: 646:Brendan O Donoghue (1997–2003) 347:Norroy and Ulster King of Arms 1: 1164:Dictionary of Irish Biography 1137:Dictionary of Irish Biography 1097:Genealogy & Heraldry Bill 780: 590:Genealogy & Heraldry Bill 1468:National Archives of Ireland 1309:Applying for a grant of Arms 1042:Burns, John (27 July 2003). 924:Applying for a Grant of Arms 652:Fergus Gillespie (2005–2009) 7: 1778:Canadian Heraldic Authority 1500:Triallam timcheall na Fodla 771:An leon do bheir an chraobh 523:in 1601 and the subsequent 370:National Library of Ireland 10: 1876: 1609:Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh 1589:Giolla na Naomh Ă“ hUidhrĂ­n 1553:Annals of the Four Masters 1438:Gaelic nobility of Ireland 1190:Irish Times Family Notices 823:Burke's Peerage and Gentry 658:Colette O'Flaherty (2010–) 655:Collette Byrne (2009–2010) 467:Gaelic nobility of Ireland 464: 1802: 1736:State Council of Heraldry 1710: 1652: 1604:CĂş ChoigcrĂ­che Ă“ ClĂ©irigh 1576: 1486: 1384: 836:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 643:Patricia Donlon (1995–97) 333:, established during the 275: 267: 257: 252: 248: 238: 197: 176: 164: 153: 145: 141: 132: 125: 1810:Toison d'Or King of Arms 1730:Flemish Heraldic Council 1514:Leabhar Adhamh Ă“ Cianáin 1160:"Slevin, ( John) Gerard" 755: 617:copyright law of Ireland 327:descendants of emigrants 307:PrĂ­omh Aralt na hÉireann 1568:Census of Ireland, 1911 1563:Census of Ireland, 1901 583:coat of arms of Ireland 415:coat of arms of Ireland 358:Department of Education 345:were taken over by the 299:Chief Herald of Ireland 148:Chief Herald of Ireland 1766:Court of the Lord Lyon 1186:"BEGLEY, Donal: Death" 1061:Section 13 text online 640:Donal Begley (1981–95) 563:independence in 1922. 306: 286: 1754:Cronista Rey de Armas 1547:An Leabhar Muimhneach 1535:Leabhar na nGenealach 1172:10.3318/dib.008122.v1 1145:10.3318/dib.005251.v1 585:to the state itself. 531:scattered throughout 493:surrender and regrant 417:to the state itself. 378:State Heraldic Museum 295:Government of Ireland 284: 58:"Genealogical Office" 1850:Heraldic authorities 1830:(Kingdom of Ireland) 1704:Heraldic authorities 1584:Seán MĂłr Ă“ Dubhagáin 1558:Griffith's Valuation 1494:Chronicle of Ireland 1331:An Irish Arms Crisis 1212:"Arms and the woman" 1084:An Irish Arms Crisis 896:"Annual Report 2007" 736:Hood, Susan (2002). 592:was introduced into 392:from the following: 368:premises beside the 321:to Irish bodies and 309:), the authority in 293:is an office of the 43:improve this article 1828:Ulster King of Arms 1742:Genealogical Office 1718:Council of Nobility 1639:Rev. Patrick Woulfe 1463:Genealogical Office 1412:Irish bardic poetry 1296:www.businesspost.ie 1280:. 21 November 2009. 740:. Woodfield Press. 649:Post vacant 2003–05 525:Flight of the Earls 366:Kildare Street Club 331:Ulster King of Arms 291:Genealogical Office 1772:Bureau of Heraldry 1629:Chevalier O'Gorman 703:Cox, Noel (2016). 537:Chiefs of the Name 481:Baron Upper Ossory 477:Kingdom of Ireland 461:Chiefs of the Name 435:Titles of nobility 339:Kingdom of Ireland 287: 189:Michael D. Higgins 127:Colette O'Flaherty 1837: 1836: 1822:Consulta Araldica 1670: 1669: 1644:Edward MacLysaght 1443:Chief of the Name 1278:Irish Independent 1260:www.oireachtas.ie 1029:www.oireachtas.ie 1010:www.oireachtas.ie 679:Individual €4,400 521:Battle of Kinsale 471:Chief of the Name 441:title of nobility 279: 278: 119: 118: 111: 93: 1867: 1697: 1690: 1683: 1674: 1673: 1660: 1659: 1619:Geoffrey Keating 1594:Adhamh Ă“ Cianáin 1528:Leabhar Ua Maine 1473:Clans of Ireland 1368: 1361: 1354: 1345: 1344: 1312: 1306: 1300: 1299: 1288: 1282: 1281: 1270: 1264: 1263: 1251: 1245: 1244: 1233: 1227: 1226: 1224: 1222: 1210:Logue, Antonia. 1207: 1201: 1200: 1198: 1196: 1182: 1176: 1175: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1128: 1122: 1117: 1111: 1106: 1100: 1094: 1088: 1080: 1074: 1069: 1063: 1058: 1052: 1051: 1039: 1033: 1032: 1020: 1014: 1013: 1001: 995: 994: 992: 990: 984: 977: 969: 963: 960: 954: 953: 951: 949: 940:. Archived from 934: 928: 920: 914: 913: 908: 906: 900: 891: 885: 882: 876: 871: 862: 861:Hood 2002 p. 235 859: 853: 848: 842: 841: 835: 827: 814: 808: 807:Hood 2002 p. 231 805: 799: 794: 774: 766: 751: 726: 629:Edward McLysaght 601:National Library 588:In May 2006 the 489:Barons Inchiquin 343:Northern Ireland 253:Personal details 241: 169: 137: 123: 122: 114: 107: 103: 100: 94: 92: 51: 27: 19: 1875: 1874: 1870: 1869: 1868: 1866: 1865: 1864: 1855:Irish genealogy 1840: 1839: 1838: 1833: 1816:Carolina Herald 1798: 1786:(United States) 1760:College of Arms 1706: 1701: 1671: 1666: 1648: 1572: 1482: 1380: 1378:Irish genealogy 1372: 1321: 1316: 1315: 1307: 1303: 1290: 1289: 1285: 1272: 1271: 1267: 1252: 1248: 1241:The Irish Times 1235: 1234: 1230: 1220: 1218: 1216:The Irish Times 1208: 1204: 1194: 1192: 1184: 1183: 1179: 1156: 1152: 1129: 1125: 1118: 1114: 1107: 1103: 1095: 1091: 1081: 1077: 1070: 1066: 1059: 1055: 1040: 1036: 1021: 1017: 1002: 998: 988: 986: 985:on 21 July 2011 982: 975: 971: 970: 966: 961: 957: 947: 945: 936: 935: 931: 921: 917: 904: 902: 898: 892: 888: 883: 879: 872: 865: 860: 856: 849: 845: 829: 828: 816: 815: 811: 806: 802: 795: 788: 783: 778: 777: 767: 763: 758: 748: 723: 699: 697:Further reading 665: 625: 560: 545:John O'Donoghue 473: 463: 454:fount of honour 437: 425:John F. Kennedy 386: 239: 234: 193: 171: 165: 160: 128: 115: 104: 98: 95: 52: 50: 40: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1873: 1863: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1835: 1834: 1832: 1831: 1825: 1819: 1813: 1806: 1804: 1800: 1799: 1797: 1796: 1793: 1787: 1781: 1775: 1774:(South Africa) 1769: 1763: 1757: 1751: 1745: 1739: 1733: 1727: 1721: 1714: 1712: 1708: 1707: 1700: 1699: 1692: 1685: 1677: 1668: 1667: 1665: 1664: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1621: 1616: 1611: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1580: 1578: 1574: 1573: 1571: 1570: 1565: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1543: 1538: 1531: 1524: 1517: 1510: 1503: 1496: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1483: 1481: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1465: 1460: 1455: 1453:Irish diaspora 1450: 1448:Irish heraldry 1445: 1440: 1435: 1428: 1421: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1388: 1386: 1382: 1381: 1371: 1370: 1363: 1356: 1348: 1342: 1341: 1335: 1327: 1320: 1319:External links 1317: 1314: 1313: 1301: 1283: 1265: 1246: 1228: 1202: 1177: 1150: 1123: 1112: 1101: 1089: 1075: 1064: 1053: 1034: 1015: 996: 964: 955: 944:on 18 May 2013 929: 915: 886: 877: 863: 854: 843: 809: 800: 785: 784: 782: 779: 776: 775: 760: 759: 757: 754: 753: 752: 746: 733: 727: 721: 698: 695: 690: 689: 686: 683: 680: 664: 661: 660: 659: 656: 653: 650: 647: 644: 641: 638: 632: 624: 621: 594:Seanad Éireann 559: 556: 485:Earl of Tyrone 462: 459: 436: 433: 407: 406: 403: 400: 397: 390:grants of arms 385: 382: 362:Kildare Street 337:period of the 277: 276: 273: 272: 269: 265: 264: 259: 255: 254: 250: 249: 246: 245: 244:Collette Byrne 242: 236: 235: 233: 232: 227: 222: 220:Micheál Martin 217: 212: 207: 201: 199: 195: 194: 192: 191: 186: 180: 178: 174: 173: 167:Assumed office 162: 161: 154: 151: 150: 143: 142: 139: 138: 130: 129: 126: 117: 116: 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1872: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1845: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1805: 1801: 1794: 1792:(New Zealand) 1791: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1779: 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1715: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1698: 1693: 1691: 1686: 1684: 1679: 1678: 1675: 1663: 1655: 1654: 1651: 1645: 1642: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1630: 1627: 1625: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1610: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1600: 1597: 1595: 1592: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1579: 1575: 1569: 1566: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1549: 1548: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1530: 1529: 1525: 1523: 1522: 1518: 1516: 1515: 1511: 1509: 1508: 1504: 1502: 1501: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1489: 1485: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1464: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1433: 1429: 1427: 1426: 1422: 1420: 1419: 1415: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1393: 1390: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1376: 1369: 1364: 1362: 1357: 1355: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1310: 1305: 1297: 1293: 1287: 1279: 1275: 1269: 1261: 1257: 1250: 1242: 1238: 1232: 1217: 1213: 1206: 1191: 1187: 1181: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1154: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1127: 1121: 1116: 1110: 1105: 1098: 1093: 1087: 1085: 1079: 1073: 1068: 1062: 1057: 1049: 1045: 1038: 1030: 1026: 1019: 1011: 1007: 1000: 981: 974: 968: 959: 943: 939: 933: 927: 925: 919: 912: 897: 890: 881: 875: 870: 868: 858: 852: 847: 839: 833: 825: 824: 819: 813: 804: 798: 793: 791: 786: 772: 765: 761: 749: 747:9780953429332 743: 739: 734: 731: 728: 724: 722:9781317161653 718: 714: 710: 708: 701: 700: 694: 687: 684: 681: 678: 677: 676: 674: 670: 657: 654: 651: 648: 645: 642: 639: 636: 635:Gerard Slevin 633: 630: 627: 626: 623:Chief Heralds 620: 618: 612: 608: 604: 602: 597: 595: 591: 586: 584: 580: 575: 573: 569: 564: 555: 552: 550: 546: 540: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 517: 515: 514:landed gentry 509: 507: 502: 499:, and not by 498: 497:primogeniture 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 472: 468: 458: 456: 455: 450: 449:British Crown 444: 442: 432: 430: 426: 423: 422:US presidents 418: 416: 411: 404: 401: 398: 395: 394: 393: 391: 381: 379: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 354:Dublin Castle 350: 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 283: 274: 270: 266: 263: 260: 256: 251: 247: 243: 237: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 202: 200: 196: 190: 187: 185: 184:Mary McAleese 182: 181: 179: 175: 168: 163: 159: 158: 152: 149: 144: 140: 136: 131: 124: 121: 113: 110: 102: 99:November 2014 91: 88: 84: 81: 77: 74: 70: 67: 63: 60: â€“  59: 55: 54:Find sources: 48: 44: 38: 37: 32:This article 30: 26: 21: 20: 1741: 1577:Genealogists 1545: 1533: 1526: 1519: 1512: 1505: 1498: 1462: 1430: 1423: 1416: 1407:Irish annals 1330: 1308: 1304: 1295: 1286: 1277: 1268: 1259: 1249: 1240: 1231: 1219:. 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Retrieved 889: 880: 857: 846: 821: 812: 803: 770: 764: 737: 712: 706: 691: 669:genealogical 666: 613: 609: 605: 598: 587: 576: 570:to the then 565: 561: 553: 541: 518: 510: 474: 452: 445: 438: 429:Bill Clinton 427:in 1963 and 419: 412: 408: 387: 384:Jurisdiction 351: 325:, including 323:Irish people 298: 290: 288: 230:Simon Harris 225:Leo Varadkar 215:Leo Varadkar 166: 155: 120: 105: 96: 86: 79: 72: 65: 53: 41:Please help 36:verification 33: 1634:John O'Hart 1624:James Terry 1392:Irish clans 529:aristocracy 258:Nationality 240:Preceded by 205:Brian Cowen 1844:Categories 1818:(Carolina) 1812:(Burgundy) 1803:Historical 1768:(Scotland) 1614:James Ware 781:References 709:: Ireland" 519:After the 465:See also: 268:Profession 210:Enda Kenny 69:newspapers 1762:(England) 1744:(Ireland) 1738:(Georgia) 1732:(Belgium) 1726:(Belgium) 1720:(Belgium) 1221:19 August 1195:19 August 989:23 August 905:6 January 832:cite book 730:Cox, Noel 707:Grundnorm 673:bore arms 637:(1954–81) 631:(1943–54) 487:, or the 475:When the 431:in 1995. 271:Genealogy 198:Taoiseach 177:President 172:June 2010 157:Incumbent 1780:(Canada) 1750:(Russia) 1662:Category 1432:SeanchaĂ­ 533:Catholic 506:Scotland 501:tanistry 315:heraldry 146:8th 1824:(Italy) 1756:(Spain) 1711:Current 1385:General 1099:, 2006. 451:as the 376:. The 311:Ireland 83:scholar 1425:Ollamh 1375:Gaelic 948:30 May 744:  719:  85:  78:  71:  64:  56:  1487:Works 983:(PDF) 976:(PDF) 899:(PDF) 756:Notes 547:then 335:Tudor 303:Irish 262:Irish 170: 90:JSTOR 76:books 1418:Fili 1396:list 1223:2024 1197:2024 991:2008 950:2013 907:2024 838:link 742:ISBN 717:ISBN 469:and 319:arms 313:for 289:The 62:news 1168:doi 1141:doi 45:by 1846:: 1294:. 1276:. 1258:. 1239:. 1214:. 1188:. 1166:. 1162:. 1139:. 1135:. 1046:. 1027:. 1008:. 909:. 866:^ 834:}} 830:{{ 820:. 789:^ 711:. 619:. 516:. 508:. 483:, 349:. 305:: 1696:e 1689:t 1682:v 1398:) 1394:( 1367:e 1360:t 1353:v 1298:. 1262:. 1243:. 1225:. 1199:. 1174:. 1170:: 1147:. 1143:: 1050:. 1031:. 1012:. 993:. 952:. 840:) 750:. 725:. 301:( 112:) 106:( 101:) 97:( 87:· 80:· 73:· 66:· 39:.

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Chief Herald of Ireland
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