84:
Although there is some historical debate surrounding the issue, the consensus is that the
Hawarden Kite incident was a political disaster for William Gladstone. Gladstone had converted to home rule sometime during his second prime ministry of 1880–1885; however, he knew that passing it through
138:
wanted the meeting kept secret, now that he knew
Parnell's position, and hoped also that Parnell would mention the discussion to Gladstone. This might move Gladstone to up the ante and formally declare his support for home rule, offering slightly more than Parnell had indicated to Carnarvon;
168:
Once news of
Gladstone's conversion came to light following the Hawarden Kite, Liberals and Irish Nationalist MPs voted together to end Lord Salisbury's caretaker administration. This led Salisbury to believe Gladstone was playing games with him and he remained opposed to Irish home rule.
131:, the Irish Home Rule leader, for a confidential discussion to see how far each could meet the other's policy. Parnell assumed that Carnarvon was representing the Cabinet and would agree to his proposals that Carnarvon described as "surprisingly moderate".
172:
Salisbury had commented on 9 November: "The integrity of the Empire is more precious to us than any possession we can have. We are bound by motives, not only of expediency, not only of legal principle, but by motives of honour, to protect the minority."
153:. It included: "Nothing could induce me to countenance separation, but if five-sixths of the Irish people wish to have a Parliament in Dublin, for the management of their own local affairs, I say, in the name of justice, and wisdom, let them have it."
160:. The policy was strongly opposed by Protestants in Ireland, who supported the Conservatives. Gladstone hoped that Salisbury might feel honour-bound to allow his MPs to vote for and against the policy, thereby splitting the Conservatives.
48:
of the
National Press Agency in London. The statement was accurate but it is unknown whether the father knew and approved of releasing it to the press. The bombshell announcement resulted in the fall of
156:
This promised a large amount of local control within
Ireland, but Ireland would remain linked to Britain, with Queen Victoria as head of state, and it would remain in the
85:
Parliament, particularly the House of Lords, would be very troublesome. Therefore, Gladstone had sought cross-party agreement on the issue of home rule, thinking that the
108:, which increased the franchise, would give him increased and perhaps permanent majorities in subsequent elections. Formerly a Conservative MP, he was now head of the
65:, held the balance of power in Parliament. Gladstone's conversion to home rule convinced them to switch away from the Conservatives and support the
135:
50:
41:
105:
196:
188:
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316:
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would further strengthen his position in the House of
Commons. The Irish Party was then a third force in parliament.
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29:
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8:
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of
December 1885, revealing that Liberal Party leader and Leader of the Opposition
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21:
300:
45:
25:
220:
147:
On 17 December 1885 Gladstone's son
Herbert had a letter published in
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Salisbury believed that such a declaration would split the
Liberals.
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33:
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should pass to make it easier to get it through the House of Lords.
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had been all cross-party acts passed by
Conservative governments.
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Meanwhile, in London on 1 August 1885 the Conservative minister
203:, and Lord Salisbury became prime minister with their support.
44:, who often served as his father's secretary. It was given to
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later in 1886, 93 Liberal MPs voted against, causing the
199:. The Liberals opposed to home rule contested as the
69:using the 86 seats in Parliament they controlled.
298:
263:Coercion and Conciliation in Ireland, 1880–92
275:
219:
112:, and considered that support from the
57:government. Irish Nationalists, led by
299:
260:
280:. London: Phoenix. pp. 349–351.
237:
197:1886 United Kingdom general election
189:1885 United Kingdom general election
176:That minority in Ireland formed the
244:Journal of Liberal Democrat History
36:for Ireland. It was an instance of
13:
14:
328:
184:increased its numbers markedly.
284:
269:
254:
238:Foot, M. R. D. (Autumn 1998).
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76:, which was Gladstone's home.
1:
104:Gladstone also felt that the
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163:
7:
191:, but when he proposed the
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10:
333:
317:1885 in the United Kingdom
193:Government of Ireland Bill
40:, made by Gladstone's son
72:The expression refers to
63:Irish Parliamentary Party
276:Roberts, Andrew (1999).
206:
97:repeal in 1846, and the
312:William Ewart Gladstone
178:Irish Unionist Alliance
129:Charles Stewart Parnell
30:William Ewart Gladstone
261:Curtis, L. P. (1963).
201:Liberal Unionist Party
106:Electoral Act of 1884
91:Catholic Emancipation
307:Home rule in Ireland
134:Conservative leader
240:"The Hawarden Kite"
227:. pp. 523–532.
114:Irish Home Rule MPs
187:Gladstone won the
125:Viceroy of Ireland
180:and the loyalist
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99:Reform Act 1867
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74:Hawarden Castle
59:Charles Parnell
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158:British Empire
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136:Lord Salisbury
121:Lord Carnarvon
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51:Lord Salisbury
32:now supported
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110:Liberal Party
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87:Conservatives
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46:Edmund Rogers
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38:"kite-flying"
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20:was a famous
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18:Hawarden Kite
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221:Jenkins, Roy
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182:Orange Order
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55:Conservative
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15:
301:Categories
127:, had met
80:Background
24:newspaper
278:Salisbury
225:Gladstone
164:Reactions
150:The Times
95:Corn Laws
93:in 1829,
34:home rule
250:: 26–32.
223:(1997).
143:The kite
67:Liberals
42:Herbert
22:British
207:Notes
26:scoop
16:The
61:'s
53:'s
303::
248:20
246:.
242:.
123:,
265:.
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