234:
4820:
1754:
1594:". Uses such as "applied and sociolinguistics" (instead of "applied linguistics and sociolinguistics") are frowned upon; the Indiana University style guide uses this example and says "Do not 'take a shortcut' when the first expression is ordinarily open" (i.e., ordinarily two separate words). This is different, however, from instances where prefixes that are normally closed up (styled solidly) are used suspensively. For example,
336:
1075:. Without the hyphen, there is potential confusion about whether the writer means a "player of American football" or an "American player of football" and whether the writer means paintings that are "little celebrated" or "celebrated paintings" that are little. Compound modifiers can extend to three or more words, as in
3375: ... 12. Adverbs: Adverbs do not need to be linked to participles or adjectives by hyphens in simple constructions . But if the adverb is one of two words together being used adjectivally, a hyphen may be needed . The hyphen is especially likely to be needed if the adverb is short and common, such as
2071:
looks identical to the regular hyphen, but word processors treat it as a letter so that the hyphenated word will not be divided at the hyphen should this fall at what would be the end of a line of text; instead, either the whole hyphenated word will remain in full at the end of the line or it will go
1913:
for hyphen-minus will not have the optimal width, thickness, or vertical position, whereas the minus character is typically designed so that it does. Nevertheless, in many spreadsheet and programming applications the hyphen-minus must be typed to indicate subtraction, as use of the
Unicode minus sign
304:
shows that
Gutenberg's movable type was set justified in a uniform style, 42 equal lines per page. The Gutenberg printing press required words made up of individual letters of type to be held in place by a surrounding nonprinting rigid frame. Gutenberg solved the problem of making each line the same
1115:
the term to which it applies, a hyphen is typically not used if the compound is a temporary compound. For example, "that gentleman is well respected", not "that gentleman is well-respected"; or "a patient-centered approach was used" but "the approach was patient centered." But permanent compounds,
1100:. Although the expression is technically ambiguous ("students of a high school"/"school students who are high"), it would normally be formulated differently if other than the first meaning were intended. Noun–noun compound modifiers may also be written without a hyphen when no confusion is likely:
400:
provide detailed usage recommendations and have a significant amount of overlap in what they advise. Hyphens are mostly used to break single words into parts or to join ordinarily separate words into single words. Spaces are not placed between a hyphen and either of the elements it connects except
3698:
In typescript, a double hyphen (--) is often used for a long dash. Double hyphens in a typeset document are a sure sign that the type was set by a typist, not a typographer. A typographer will use an em dash, three-quarter em, or en dash, depending on context or personal style. The em dash is the
1246:
Hyphens are usually used to connect numbers and words in modifying phrases. Such is the case when used to describe dimensional measurements of weight, size, and time, under the rationale that, like other compound modifiers, they take hyphens in attributive position (before the modified noun),
3660:
Some ASCII characters have multiple uses, either through ambiguity in the original standards or through accumulated reinterpretations of a limited codeset. For example, 27 hex is defined in ANSI X3.4 as apostrophe (closing single quotation mark; acute accent), and 2D hex as hyphen
161:, and an unambiguous form known familiarly as the "Unicode hyphen", shown at the top of the infobox on this page. The character most often used to represent a hyphen (and the one produced by the key on a keyboard) is called the "hyphen-minus" by Unicode, deriving from the original
1116:
found as headwords in dictionaries, are treated as invariable, so if they are hyphenated in the cited dictionary, the hyphenation will be used in both attributive and predicative positions. For example, "A cost-effective method was used" and "The method was cost-effective" (
2044:, is used. A soft hyphen can be used to change the previous letter to a round s in the middle of a word. For example, 'prinſeſſen' can be corrected by inserting a soft hyphen between the 'ſ 's: 'prinſeſ-ſen' becomes 'prinſesſen' (which is correct in Norwegian).
1493:) for their new family by combining their two surnames with a hyphen. Jane Doe and John Smith might become Jane and John Smith-Doe, or Doe-Smith, for instance. In some countries only the woman hyphenates her birth surname, appending her husband's surname.
3699:
nineteenth-century standard, still prescribed in many editorial style books, but the em dash is too long for use with the best text faces. Like the oversized space between sentences, it belongs to the padded and corseted aesthetic of
Victorian typography.
274:, the hyphen, still written beneath the text, reversed its meaning. Scribes used the mark to connect two words that had been incorrectly separated by a space. This era also saw the introduction of the marginal hyphen, for words broken across lines.
2239:
systems slashes in a filename introduce subdirectories which may not be desirable. Besides encouraging use of dashes, the Y-M-D order and zero-padding of numbers less than 10 are also copied from ISO 8601 to make the filenames sort by date order.
1998:) can often automatically make decisions on when to hyphenate a word at a line break, it is also sometimes useful for the user to be able to insert cues for those decisions (which are dynamic in the online medium, given that text can be
2203:
5008 in
Germany). Now all official European Union (and many member state) documents use this style. This is also the typical date format used in large parts of Europe and Asia, although sometimes with other separators than the hyphen.
416:
nouns and verbs has, in general, been steadily declining. Compounds that might once have been hyphenated are increasingly left with spaces or are combined into one word. Reflecting this changing usage, in 2007, the sixth edition of the
505:
When flowing text, it is sometimes preferable to break a word into two so that it continues on another line rather than moving the entire word to the next line. The word may be divided at the nearest break point between syllables
1005:
In nineteenth-century
American literature, hyphens were also used irregularly to divide syllables in words from indigenous North American languages, without regard for etymology or pronunciation, such as "Shuh-shuh-gah" (from
305:
length to fit the frame by inserting a hyphen as the last element at the right-side margin. This interrupted the letters in the last word, requiring the remaining letters be carried over to the start of the line below. His
409:). Style conventions that apply to hyphens (and dashes) have evolved to support ease of reading in complex constructions; editors often accept deviations if they aid rather than hinder easy comprehension.
2677:
With numbers, where a plural noun would normally be used in an unhyphenated predicative position, the singular form of the noun is generally used in the hyphenated form used attributively. Thus
1590:
This usage is now common and specifically recommended in some style guides. Suspended hyphens are also used, though less commonly, when the base word comes first, such as in "investor-owned and
510:) and a hyphen inserted to indicate that the letters form a word fragment, rather than a full word. This allows more efficient use of paper, allows flush appearance of right-side margins (
1960:. The character is usually followed by one or more letters that indicate specific actions. Typically it is called a dash or switch in this context. Various implementations of the
447:). The increasing prevalence of computer technology and the advent of the Internet have given rise to a subset of common nouns that might have been hyphenated in the past (e.g.,
2141:
mark on keyboards is ambiguous (it can be interpreted – sometimes unexpectedly – as a hyphen or a minus, depending on context), in addition the
920:). This use of the diaeresis peaked in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but it was never applied extensively across the language: only a handful of diaereses, including
2021:
occur. It can be a tedious task to insert the soft hyphens by hand, and tools using hyphenation algorithms are available that do this automatically. Current modules of the
238:
1165:
However, if an adverb can also function as an adjective, then a hyphen may be or should be used for clarity, depending on the style guide. For example, the phrase
2047:
In contrast, a hyphen that is always displayed and printed is called a "hard hyphen". This can be a
Unicode hyphen, a hyphen-minus, or a nonbreaking hyphen (see
1968:, to specify long option names that are more descriptive than their single-letter equivalents. Another use of hyphens is that employed by programs written with
2087:
and a valid point at which to break a line when flowing text. However, this is not always desirable behavior, especially as it could lead to ambiguity (e.g.
350:. Almost nothing in this section is tied to reliable sources, and there's a great deal of prescriptivist punditry about "codification" of various "rules".
6002:
4405:
3278:
2714:
is preferred should one be needed. This avoids forcing a line break in an inconvenient place, should the text be reflowed. It becomes visible only if
1440:
clarifies that they stood near a group of people who loved aliens, as "alien" can be either an adjective or a noun. On the other hand, in the phrase
1582:) may be used when a single base word is used with separate, consecutive, hyphenated words that are connected by "and", "or", or "to". For example,
1375:, sometimes replaces the hyphen in hyphenated compounds if either of its constituent parts is already hyphenated or contains a space (for example,
468:
Despite decreased use, hyphenation remains the norm in certain compound-modifier constructions and, among some authors, with certain prefixes (see
2199:. This standard has been transposed as European Standard EN 28601 and has been incorporated into various national typographic style guides (e.g.,
611:
3309:
1890:
at U+2010 is generally inconvenient to enter on most keyboards and the glyphs for this hyphen and the hyphen-minus are identical in most fonts (
3462:
1421:(a tool that beats eggs), the result is sometimes hyphenated. Some authors do this consistently, others only for disambiguation; in this case,
4779:
518:. This kind of hyphenation is most useful when the width of the column (called the "line length" in typography) is very narrow. For example:
625:
for integral hyphens and a single hyphen for line-breaks, whereas
Kromhout's Afrikaans–English dictionary uses the opposite convention. The
4856:
3818:
1247:
although not in predicative position (after the modified noun). This is applied whether numerals or words are used for the numbers. Thus
1219:", might reasonably be judged superfluous (the syntax is unlikely to be misinterpreted), yet plenty of style guides call for it. Because
1150:, are less likely to need hyphens." In the 19th century, it was common to hyphenate adverb–adjective modifiers with the adverb ending in
221:
sign written below two adjacent letters to indicate that they belong to the same word when it was necessary to avoid ambiguity, before
3785:
1444:, the hyphen will often be omitted (a hungry pizza lover), as "pizza" cannot be an adjective and the phrase is therefore unambiguous.
1917:
The hyphen-minus is often used instead of dashes or minus signs in situations where the latter characters are unavailable (such as
2006:(discretionary hyphen, optional hyphen) was introduced, allowing such manual specification of a place where a hyphenated break is
1089:). However, if the compound is a familiar one, it is usually unhyphenated. For example, some style guides prefer the construction
5317:
2845:
3533:
1664:
Due to their similar appearances, hyphens are sometimes mistakenly used where an en dash or em dash would be more appropriate.
1120:
is a permanent compound that is hyphenated as a headword in various dictionaries). When one of the parts of the modifier is a
3684:
3516:
3489:
3454:
3427:
3070:
2996:
2923:
2896:
1536:. Use is often dictated by convention rather than fixed rules, and hyphenation styles may vary between authors; for example,
1496:
With already-hyphenated names, some parts are typically dropped. For example, Aaron
Johnson and Samantha Taylor-Wood became
3849:
3223:
2786:
1135:(e.g., "a poorly written novel"), various style guides advise no hyphen. However, some do allow for this use. For example,
566:
Rules (or guidelines) for correct hyphenation vary between languages, and may be complex, and they can interact with other
1612:) when suspended. Some editors prefer to avoid suspending such pairs, choosing instead to write out both words in full.
1049:
are groups of two or more words that jointly modify the meaning of another word. When a compound modifier other than an
3629:
3475:
3104:
3030:
2111:
th" could be used), and it is inappropriate in some languages other than
English (e.g., a line break at the hyphen in
1894:
is one of the few exceptions). Consequently, use of the hyphen-minus as the hyphen character is very common. Even the
1223:
has both adverbial and adjectival senses, its hyphenation can attract attention; some editors, due to comparison with
1793:
419:
379:
361:
5733:
4849:
2970:
1364:. However, at least one major style guide hyphenates spelled-out fractions invariably (whether adjective or noun).
6078:
1929:), or when the writer is unaware of the distinction. Consequently, some writers use two or three hyphen-minuses (
1041:
3443:
3231:
2948: There is no firm rule to help you decide which words are run together, hyphenated or left separate.
2473:(compatibility character for a wide katakana middle dot, has the Unicode property of "Hyphen" despite its name)
1775:
346:
4774:
3286:
1342:, hyphens are usually used when the fraction is used as an adjective but not when it is used as a noun: thus
1199:
reason" is not necessary, because the syntax cannot be misinterpreted.) A few short and common words—such as
324:
6025:
4659:
4621:
1516:
Connecting hyphens are used in a large number of miscellaneous compounds, other than modifiers, such as in
1476:
1142:
advises: "Adverbs do not need to be linked to participles or adjectives by hyphens in simple constructions
5748:
4842:
4805:
3874:
3551:
It is customary to insert a dash in G-d's name when written or printed on a medium that could be defaced.
3134:
2827:
2803:
2710:
The soft hyphen serves as an invisible marker that is used to specify a place in text where a hyphenated
2084:
687:) are sometimes hyphenated, especially when the unhyphenated spelling resembles another word or when the
582:
1672:
Some stark examples of semantic changes caused by the placement of hyphens to mark attributive phrases:
4385:
2798:
1162:
are unambiguous, because the adverbs clearly modify the adjectives: "quickly" cannot modify "vehicle".
511:
477:
980:. This allows the hyphen to be reserved only for places where a hard hyphen is intended (for example,
4834:
4031:
3313:
3120:
3096:
The
History of Lexicography: Papers from the Dictionary Research Centre Seminar at Exeter, March 1986
998:). Similarly, hyphens may be used to indicate how a word is being or should be spelled. For example,
691:
is deemed misinterpretable, ambiguous, or somehow "odd-looking" (for example, having two consecutive
627:
233:
3812:
2770:
2014:. That is, it does not force a line break in an inconvenient place when the text is later reflowed.
774:. When there are tripled letters, the hyphenated variant of these words is often more common (as in
4789:
4606:
4277:
4214:
3919:
3842:
3592:
1216:
1020:
708:
315:, appears throughout the Bible as a short, double line inclined to the right at a 60-degree angle.
3758:
3674:
3173:
1964:
function to parse command-line options additionally allow the use of two hyphen-minus characters,
3419:
2715:
2711:
1771:
1764:
357:
249:. At the time hyphenation was joining two words that would otherwise be read separately by a low
20:
711:
has been relatively familiarized or popularized through extensive use in various contexts. As a
578:, when employed in concert with dictionaries, are sufficient for all but the most formal texts.
4234:
3957:
2636:
2189:
2175:
2022:
1639:
It can also be used to indicate a range of values, although many styles prefer an en dash (see
1339:
581:
It may be necessary to distinguish an incidental line-break hyphen from one integral to a word
3506:
3062:
2913:
2886:
543:
We, therefore, the
6020:
5134:
4709:
4209:
4204:
4117:
4104:
3937:
3735:
3020:
2986:
1995:
1490:
1480:
903:
731:
696:
575:
260:
146:
3094:
2842:
6073:
6047:
6030:
5916:
5491:
4501:
4142:
3996:
3645:
2032:) fonts will change the character at the end of a word. An example is a font that places a
1497:
1015:
692:
296:
hyphen, and he thus moved it to the middle of the line. Examination of an original copy on
2771:"American National Standard X3.4-1977: American Standard Code for Information Interchange"
1061:
a term, the compound modifier is often hyphenated to prevent misunderstanding, such as in
699:
of English, like e+a, e+e, or e+i). However, the unhyphenated style, which is also called
8:
6037:
5763:
5661:
5551:
5506:
5074:
4919:
4889:
4823:
4784:
4697:
4591:
4446:
4424:
4414:
4282:
3889:
3879:
3835:
2612:
2481:. The characters below do not have the Unicode property of "Hyphen" despite their names:
2181:
1999:
1957:
1891:
1505:
1436:, which without a hyphen implies that they stood near a group of lovers who were aliens;
617:
481:
301:
2915:
Shady Characters: The Secret Life of Punctuation, Symbols, and Other Typographical Marks
2888:
Shady Characters: The Secret Life of Punctuation, Symbols, and Other Typographical Marks
6052:
6042:
4747:
4674:
4654:
4644:
4616:
4586:
4546:
4173:
4036:
4021:
3962:
3952:
3413:
2142:
1647:
1501:
941:
598:
515:
278:
138:
4669:
2776:. National Institute of Standards and Technology. p. 10 (4.2 Graphic characters).
906:
may also be used in a like fashion, either to separate and mark off monographs (as in
5389:
5332:
4692:
4611:
4566:
4496:
3967:
3795:
3680:
3625:
3512:
3485:
3450:
3423:
3227:
3155:
3100:
3066:
3055:
3026:
2992:
2919:
2892:
2689:. There are occasional exceptions to this general rule, for instance with fractions (
2232:
2121:
2080:
2073:
1926:
1215:—attract special attention in this category. The hyphen in "well- noun", such as in "
1046:
1037:
401:
when using a suspended or "hanging" hyphen that stands in for a repeated word (e.g.,
123:, which is also wider and usually drawn a little higher to match the crossbar in the
1937:) to represent an em dash. In the TeX typesetting languages, a single hyphen-minus (
1154:(e.g., "a craftily-constructed chair"). However, this has become rare. For example,
5778:
5699:
5623:
5283:
4578:
4531:
4370:
4317:
4178:
3988:
3790:
3370:(11th ed.). London / New York: Profile Books / PublicAffairs. pp. 77–78.
3192:
2163:
1977:
1895:
1629:
1125:
590:
413:
393:
250:
2960:
976:, sometimes called a "middle dot" or "hyphenation point", for this purpose, as in
916:
6009:
5951:
5566:
4714:
4601:
4596:
4516:
4484:
4375:
4112:
3914:
3244:
2808:
2443:(compatibility character for a small hyphen-minus, used in East Asian typography)
1969:
1901:
The hyphen-minus has limited use in indicating subtraction; for example, compare
1455:; the first refers to a shark that eats people, and the second to a man who eats
1417:
1007:
965:
507:
473:
289:
246:
2988:
Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged
2739:
2458:(compatibility character for a wide hyphen-minus, used in East Asian typography)
353:
5813:
4991:
4719:
4664:
4541:
4344:
4168:
4122:
4056:
4026:
3894:
3568:
3534:"Why Don't Jews Say G‑d's Name? - On the use of the word "Hashem" - Chabad.org"
3445:
Le Système international d'unités (SI) / The International System of Units (SI)
2943:(11th ed.). London / New York: Profile Books / PublicAffairs. p. 74.
2748:
2624:
2207:
This method has gained influence within North America, as most common computer
2112:
882:
762:, and so on. Words often lose their hyphen as they become more common, such as
267:
3806:
word breaking, line breaks, and special characters (including hyphens) in HTML
3563:
3338:
293:
6067:
5901:
5521:
5449:
5268:
5245:
4511:
4479:
4469:
4349:
3608:
Many people confuse hyphens and dashes because they look similar in printing.
3219:
3211:
2849:
2794:
2630:
2556:
1856:. Unicode has, in addition, other encodings for minus and hyphen characters:
1658:
1621:
1137:
715:, affixes are not hyphenated unless the lack of a hyphen would hurt clarity.
712:
622:
306:
3458:
1640:
1508:
is a descendant of Louis Lemlé Dreyfus whose son was Léopold Louis-Dreyfus.
1019:. This usage is now rare and proscribed, except in some place names such as
5986:
5646:
5404:
5203:
4769:
4649:
4536:
4521:
4491:
4451:
4434:
4188:
4158:
4132:
4041:
3884:
3866:
2648:
2262:
2196:
2195:. Thus, for example, 1789-07-14 is the standard way of writing the date of
2017:
Soft hyphens are inserted into the text at the positions where hyphenation
1812:
1633:
1319:. When the unit names are spelled out, this recommendation does not apply:
632:
suggested repeating an integral hyphen at the start of the following line.
245:
The first known documentation of the hyphen is in the grammatical works of
222:
150:
5718:
5464:
2822:
1973:
5434:
5370:
5355:
5298:
4866:
4764:
4759:
4752:
4742:
4556:
4506:
4461:
4401:
4365:
4336:
4324:
4304:
4127:
4079:
3947:
2410:
2276:
2208:
2180:
Use of hyphens to delineate the parts of a written date (rather than the
2003:
1989:
1918:
1121:
836:
832:
571:
567:
485:
397:
271:
154:
134:
80:
3712:
3474:
2149:
for an unambiguous minus and an unambiguous hyphen. The Unicode hyphen (
1841:) is also assigned to this character in Unicode, where it is denoted as
5874:
5676:
5604:
4968:
4870:
4737:
4551:
4441:
4294:
4287:
4264:
4219:
4183:
4137:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4069:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3858:
3538:
3207:
2642:
2608:
2478:
2185:
1922:
1778: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1456:
973:
940:, etc. are seldom encountered. In borrowings from Modern French, whose
899:) is a common variant, particularly among oncologists and geneticists.
793:
586:
117:
4864:
2645: – Naming dispute over the name for post-Communist Czechoslovakia
2051:). Confusingly, the term is sometimes limited to nonbreaking hyphens.
1504:. Not all hyphenated surnames are the result of marriage. For example
6014:
5832:
5419:
5089:
5029:
5006:
4934:
4229:
4224:
4001:
3929:
3813:
Unicode interpretation of SOFT HYPHEN breaks ISO 8859-1 compatibility
3805:
2651: – Form of hyphen used in ancient Greek ("Papyrological hyphen")
2236:
2212:
2146:
1188:
1054:
788:
594:
489:
455:
208:
196:
184:
124:
3484:(6th ed.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association,
1829:
is identical to ASCII (the 1967 version) for all encodings up to 127
1753:
948:, various English dictionaries list the dieresis as optional (as in
364:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
5932:
5119:
5104:
4702:
4561:
4380:
4253:
4239:
4064:
4016:
3310:"Using Hyphens in Compound Adjectives (and Exceptions to the Rule)"
2965:
2192:
2129:
would be undesirable). The nonbreaking hyphen addresses this need.
2029:
2025:(CSS) standard provide language-specific hyphenation dictionaries.
1976:
of a filename, with the hyphen then serving as an indicator that a
1401:
1311:
1295:
945:
461:
255:
214:
88:
3119:
A fairly comprehensive list, although not exhaustive, is given at
1725:
are an indeterminate number of trees that are each 300 years old.
928:, are encountered with any appreciable frequency in English; thus
5970:
5859:
5044:
4526:
4312:
4163:
4074:
4006:
3942:
2654:
2224:
1826:
1486:
1368:
852:
814:
609:) but also to differentiate appearance (with a different glyph).
449:
142:
110:
103:
3481:
The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
1315:)—the numerical value is always separated from it with a space:
514:) without oddly large word spaces, and decreases the problem of
19:
This article is about the punctuation mark. For other uses, see
5180:
4046:
3801:
3679:(third ed.). Hartley & Marks, Publishers. p. 80.
2033:
1961:
1898:
regularly uses the hyphen-minus rather than the U+2010 hyphen.
1391:). A commonly used alternative style is the hyphenated string (
1050:
660:
640:
297:
2657: – South Korean boy band, whose name refers to the hyphen
1956:
The hyphen-minus character is also often used when specifying
1620:
A hyphen may be used to connect groups of numbers, such as in
5581:
5536:
5059:
4904:
4272:
4011:
3979:
3827:
3815:. Unicode Technical Committee document L2/03-155R, June 2003.
3459:"Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI)"
2787:
1910:
1818:
1305:
1289:
1131:
When the first modifier in a compound is an adverb ending in
911:
764:
734:. Some words have both hyphenated and unhyphenated variants:
688:
606:
202:
190:
178:
162:
3333:
3331:
5226:
4628:
4474:
4419:
2220:
396:
does not have definitive hyphenation rules, though various
99:
84:
3819:
United States Government Printing Office Style Manual 2000
1921:
or ASCII-only text), where they take effort to enter (via
1172:("reasons that are more important") is distinguished from
253:
between the two words. In Greek these marks were known as
3328:
2216:
2200:
1821:
character encoding, the hyphen (or minus) is character 45
1651:
1415:
When an object is compounded with a verbal noun, such as
972:. Various British and North American dictionaries use an
824:
589:) or present in an original text being quoted (when in a
241:
from the University of Texas copy. The page has 40 lines.
3786:
Wiktionary list of English phrases spelled with a hyphen
3564:"Like vs. Like-Like: A Look at Reduplication in English"
3504:
1941:) renders a hyphen, a single hyphen-minus in math mode (
1399:). (For other aspects of en dash–versus–hyphen use, see
1243:
clarifies that one is not speaking of little paintings.
3479:
2639: – Spelling and punctuation of the French language
2428:(has the Unicode property of "Hyphen" despite its name)
1284:
1128:, there is no hyphen (e.g., "a South American actor").
1467:
is a government program that monitors something else.
1146:... Less common adverbs, including all those that end
423:
removed the hyphens from 16,000 entries, such as
2083:
rules of most text systems consider a hyphen to be a
1042:
English compound § Hyphenated compound modifiers
3407:
3405:
3403:
3391:. Less common adverbs, including all those that end
3113:
1654:", although an en dash can be used as well ("G–d").
718:
The hyphen may be used between vowel letters (e.g.,
3796:
Using hyphens in English; rules and recommendations
2095:would be indistinguishable with a line break after
1463:is a program that monitors the government, whereas
944:utilizes the diaeresis as a means to differentiate
787:Closed-up style is avoided in some cases: possible
3054:
2477:Unicode distinguishes the hyphen from the general
500:
323:For Knowledge's own standards for hyphen use, see
3498:
3400:
3272:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3251:. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
3121:Prefix > List of English derivational prefixes
2409:(used in ancient Near-Eastern linguistics and in
472:). Hyphenation is also routinely used as part of
6065:
3025:. Allied Publishers. p. xxxviii, § 8.
1949:) renders an en dash, and three hyphen-minuses (
480:texts to avoid unsightly spacing (especially in
277:The modern format of the hyphen originated with
3468:
3361:
3359:
3149:
3147:
3057:Afrikaans–English, English–Afrikaans Dictionary
2673:
2671:
2072:in full to the beginning of the next line. The
1887:
1646:It is sometimes used to hide letters in words (
1408:
959:
91:of a single word. The use of hyphens is called
3759:"L2/21-036 Proposal to add the OBLIQUE HYPHEN"
3463:National Institute of Standards and Technology
3263:
2991:. Merriam-Webster. p. 14a, § 1.6.1.
2932:
2124:
1082:, and can be adverbial as well as adjectival (
707:, is usually preferred, particularly when the
4850:
4780:Intellectual property protection of typefaces
3843:
2911:
2884:
2132:
1432:An example of an ambiguous phrase appears in
895:, the solid (that is, unhyphenated) styling (
141:for use with computers, it is represented in
4322:
3356:
3144:
3086:
3046:
3012:
2668:
2633: – Historic punctuation mark (⹀)
2166:uses U+002D instead of U+2010 in its text.
1945:) renders a minus sign, two hyphen-minuses (
1731:are three trees that are each 100 years old.
1641:Dash § En dash §§ Ranges of values
612:Webster's Third New International Dictionary
3730:
3728:
3726:
3619:
3442:Bureau international des poids et mesures,
2905:
2867:
2861:
2115:
1980:, instead of a file, is to be worked with.
1972:in mind: a single hyphen may be recognized
555:We, therefore, the represen-
137:concept, the hyphen is a single entity. In
4857:
4843:
3850:
3836:
3672:
3508:The Writer's Digest grammar desk reference
2918:. W.W. Norton & Company. p. 132.
2891:. W.W. Norton & Company. p. 121.
2878:
2627: – Concept in international relations
2099:), it does not split off an ending as in "
602:
469:
116:and others), which are wider, or with the
4806:Punctuation and other typographic symbols
1794:Learn how and when to remove this message
1625:
1477:Spanish naming customs § Hyphenation
380:Learn how and when to remove this message
6003:Version of this table as a sortable list
3723:
3531:
3476:American Psychological Association (APA)
3099:. John Benjamins Publishing. p. 9.
3092:
3052:
3018:
2978:
2248:Unicode has multiple hyphen characters:
2048:
1983:
1909:(hyphen-minus) — in most typefaces, the
1685:is a disease that causes poor nutrition.
1176:("additional important reasons"), where
964:Hyphens are occasionally used to denote
956:) despite the juxtaposition of a and i.
635:
325:Knowledge:Manual of Style § Hyphens
232:
201:), "in one" (literally "under one"). An
158:
3756:
3710:
3411:
2169:
2040:at the end of a word, where a round s,
1737:are 300 trees that are each a year old.
1679:is poor nutrition that causes disease.
1438:they stood near a group of alien-lovers
1434:they stood near a group of alien lovers
177:The word is derived from Ancient Greek
6066:
3653:Unicode Version 1.0 · Character Blocks
3590:
3511:. Writer's Digest Books. p. 296.
3418:(10th ed.). Oxford, Oxfordshire:
3190:
2231:to introduce and separate switches to
2054:
2002:). For this purpose, the concept of a
1389:public-school–private-school rivalries
1362:I kept three quarters of it for myself
730:) to indicate that they do not form a
98:The hyphen is sometimes confused with
4838:
3831:
3620:Haralambous, Yannis (2007). "ASCII".
3591:Gunner, Jennifer (22 February 2010).
3532:Davidson, Baruch (23 February 2011).
3307:
2394:(used only as a line-breaking hyphen)
1031:
165:standard, where it was called "hyphen
5855: ⟨ ⟩
3757:Everson, Michael (12 January 2021).
3593:"When and How To Use a Hyphen ( - )"
3365:
3285:. Indiana University. Archived from
3171:
2984:
2961:"Small object of grammatical desire"
2938:
2835:
1776:adding citations to reliable sources
1747:
1648:filleting for redaction or censoring
1555:
329:
288:with the publication of his 42-line
237:First page of the first volume: the
3711:Korpela, Jukka K. (December 2020).
3505:Gary Lutz; Diane Stevenson (2005).
3395:, are less likely to need hyphens .
2855:
1743:
1485:Some married couples compose a new
16:Punctuation mark used to join words
13:
3312:(Grammar tip). UHV. Archived from
2820:
2235:commands, and on both Windows and
1717:is a man who is eating shark meat.
1667:
1511:
1481:Portuguese name § Hyphenation
557:tatives of the United States
14:
6090:
3802:Soft hyphen (SHY)—a hard problem?
3779:
3676:The elements of typographic style
3412:Iverson, Cheryl (2007). "8.3.1".
3216:The Elements of Technical Writing
2852:". 2005. Accessed 7 October 2014.
2843:Greek Unicode Issues: Punctuation
1806:
1470:
1195:. (In contrast, the hyphen in "a
420:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
318:
4819:
4818:
3736:"Unicode 16.0 UCD: PropList.txt"
3461:, NIST Special Publication 811,
3308:Davis, John (30 November 2004).
2971:British Broadcasting Corporation
2863:Ελληνικός Οργανισμός Τυποποίησης
1886:, respectively. The unambiguous
1752:
1358:I drank two thirds of the bottle
334:
292:. His tools did not allow for a
239:epistle of St Jerome to Paulinus
3750:
3704:
3666:
3638:
3613:
3584:
3556:
3525:
3436:
3301:
3236:
3201:
3184:
3165:
3126:
2953:
2704:
2572:KATAKANA-HIRAGANA DOUBLE HYPHEN
2188:countries) is specified in the
1763:needs additional citations for
1465:a government monitoring program
1461:A government-monitoring program
1393:hormone-receptor-positive cells
1381:hormone receptor–positive cells
501:Justification and line-wrapping
44:
3857:
3624:. O'Reilly Media. p. 29.
2814:
2780:
2763:
2732:
2266:, a character of multiple uses
1701:is a working man who is tough.
1683:Disease causing poor nutrition
1677:Disease-causing poor nutrition
1597:preoperative and postoperative
1584:short-term and long-term plans
1:
4775:History of Western typography
3791:Economist Style Guide—Hyphens
3249:Bloomberg School Style Manual
3191:Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth.
3133:"Hyphenated Words: A Guide",
2985:Gove, Philip Babcock (1993).
2725:
2471:HALFWIDTH KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT
1710:is a shark that eats humans.
1615:
803:(the act of creating again),
545:representatives of the United
495:
282:
149:. These include the dual-use
4622:traditional point-size names
3658:Loose vs. Precise Semantics.
3283:The IU editorial style guide
3093:Hartmann, R. Rf. K. (1986).
3061:. Hippocrene Books. p.
2718:occurs at the end of a line.
2637:French orthography § Hyphens
2615:for more round characters.)
2076:exists for similar reasons.
1735:Three hundred year-old trees
1729:Three hundred-year-old trees
1723:Three-hundred-year-old trees
1489:(sometimes referred to as a
1409:Object–verbal-noun compounds
1377:San Francisco–area residents
1283:. However, with symbols for
1180:is an adjective. Similarly,
960:Syllabification and spelling
887:is still hyphenated by both
209:
197:
185:
172:
7:
3875:Canons of page construction
3673:Bringhurst, Robert (2004).
3339:"Hyphenated Compound Words"
2828:Online Etymology Dictionary
2679:a woman who is 28 years old
2618:
2211:make the use of slashes in
2162:) is seldom used. Even the
1588:short- and long-term plans.
1241:little-celebrated paintings
1239:. Similarly, the hyphen in
593:), not only to control its
360:the claims made and adding
10:
6095:
5318:inverted ! and ?
3597:grammar.yourdictionary.com
2788:
2378:MONGOLIAN TODO SOFT HYPHEN
2336:And in non-Latin scripts:
2243:
2173:
1987:
1810:
1552:may be hyphenated or not.
1474:
1451:is nearly the opposite of
1397:cell-cycle-related factors
1385:cell cycle–related factors
1231:, like the parallelism of
1035:
1026:
540:
522:
322:
228:
203:
191:
179:
18:
5998:
5886:
5790:
5734:sound recording copyright
5688:
5593:
5476:
5344:
5257:
5192:
5018:
4878:
4814:
4798:
4730:
4683:
4637:
4577:
4460:
4400:
4358:
4335:
4303:
4263:
4252:
4197:
4151:
4103:
4055:
4032:Subscript and superscript
3987:
3978:
3928:
3865:
3804:(See also his article on
3368:The Economist Style Guide
3174:"American Indian Hyphens"
3019:Chambers, Allied (2006).
2941:The Economist Style Guide
2868:
2862:
2693:) and irregular plurals (
2495:CANADIAN SYLLABICS HYPHEN
2228:
2215:difficult or impossible.
2137:Because the conventional
2036:, 'ſ ', everywhere
1965:
1934:
1930:
1694:is a man who works hard.
1277:the woman is 28 years old
1217:well-differentiated cells
1111:When a compound modifier
914:terminal e (for example,
893:Merriam-Webster's Medical
628:Concise Oxford Dictionary
412:The use of the hyphen in
302:U. S. Library of Congress
300:(Hubay index #35) in the
266:With the introduction of
42:
35:
30:
4790:Vox-ATypI classification
3920:Intentionally blank page
2661:
2364:HEBREW PUNCTUATION MAQAF
2301:‐, ‐
1914:will not be recognised.
1626:§ Usage in date notation
1303:of these units (such as
1106:department store manager
3420:Oxford University Press
3366:Wroe, Ann, ed. (2015).
3022:The Chambers Dictionary
2939:Wroe, Ann, ed. (2015).
2872:. ELOT (Athens), 2001.
2804:A Greek–English Lexicon
2588:YEZIDI HYPHENATION MARK
2184:used conventionally in
1888:§ "Unicode hyphen"
1609:pre- and post-operative
1423:egg-beater, egg beater,
1156:wholly owned subsidiary
21:Hyphen (disambiguation)
6079:Punctuation of English
5851: { }
5843: ( )
5828: « »
5824: ‹ ›
5809: " "
5805: ' '
5801: “ ”
5797: ‘ ’
4323:
3136:The Grammar Curmudgeon
3053:Kromhout, Jan (2001).
2912:Keith Houston (2013).
2885:Keith Houston (2013).
2456:FULLWIDTH HYPHEN-MINUS
2190:international standard
2176:Date format by country
2125:
2116:
2055:Nonbreaking hyphens
2023:Cascading Style Sheets
1996:hyphenation algorithms
1953:) renders an em dash.
1603:pre- and postoperative
1225:advanced-stage disease
1193:more beautiful scenery
1174:more important reasons
1160:quickly moving vehicle
797:(fun or sport) versus
576:Hyphenation algorithms
547:States of America ...
242:
3821:6. Compounding Rules]
3646:"3.1 General scripts"
3622:Fonts & Encodings
3457:, sub§5.4.3, p. 149;
2795:Liddell, Henry George
2695:a two-criteria review
2691:a two-thirds majority
2542:HYPHEN WITH DIAERESIS
2407:DOUBLE OBLIQUE HYPHEN
2174:Further information:
1988:Further information:
1984:Soft and hard hyphens
1574:, or less commonly a
1491:double-barrelled name
1299:)—in contrast to the
1281:a wingspan of 32 feet
1257:twenty-eight-year-old
1036:Further information:
1000:W-O-R-D spells "word"
839:nouns or adjectives (
835:); combinations with
636:Prefixes and suffixes
603:hard and soft hyphens
236:
6048:Japanese punctuation
5749:registered trademark
5634: |
5492:plus and minus signs
4885:
4660:Typographic features
3717:IT and Communication
3713:"Dashes and hyphens"
3224:Macmillan Publishers
3194:The Song of Hiawatha
2973:. 20 September 2007.
2170:Use in date notation
2103:‑th" (though
1958:command-line options
1772:improve this article
1657:It is often used in
1498:Aaron Taylor-Johnson
1442:a hungry pizza-lover
1091:high school students
1057:combination appears
1016:The Song of Hiawatha
978:syl·la·bi·fi·ca·tion
970:syl-la-bi-fi-ca-tion
910:) or to signalize a
876:pre-1492 cartography
488:, as when used with
59:Non-breaking hyphen
6038:Chinese punctuation
5764:service mark symbol
5507:multiplication sign
5025: &
4785:Technical lettering
4684:Typography in other
4425:Hanging punctuation
3572:. 26 September 2013
3415:AMA Manual of Style
2869:ΕΛΟΤ 743, 2η Έκδοση
2613:bullet (typography)
2426:KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT
2316:NON-BREAKING HYPHEN
2061:non-breaking hyphen
1994:Although software (
1892:Lucida Sans Unicode
1540:is also written as
1506:Julia Louis-Dreyfus
1317:a 25 kg sphere
1237:early-onset disease
1233:early-stage disease
1229:adult-onset disease
1191:) is distinct from
1102:grade point average
1013:, "blue heron") in
807:(turn back) versus
695:that look like the
618:Chambers Dictionary
585:(as when used in a
527:without hyphenation
281:of Mainz, Germany,
189:), contracted from
6053:Korean punctuation
6043:Hebrew punctuation
4748:Handwriting script
4675:Desktop publishing
4645:Character encoding
4638:Digital typography
4152:Horizontal aspects
4105:Visual distinction
3963:Widows and orphans
2699:a two-teeth bridge
2441:SMALL HYPHEN-MINUS
2332:for medieval texts
2143:Unicode consortium
2065:nonbreaking hyphen
1927:keyboard shortcuts
1586:may be written as
1550:lily-of-the-valley
1518:lily-of-the-valley
1502:Sam Taylor-Johnson
1453:a man eating shark
1449:a man-eating shark
1078:ice-cream-flavored
1047:Compound modifiers
1032:Compound modifiers
989:un·self-con·scious
870:pre-1949 diplomacy
345:possibly contains
279:Johannes Gutenberg
243:
159:nonbreaking hyphen
145:by any of several
139:character encoding
83:mark used to join
6061:
6060:
5390:ordinal indicator
5333:irony punctuation
4832:
4831:
4579:Typographic units
4497:For position only
4396:
4395:
4248:
4247:
3686:978-0-88179-206-5
3518:978-1-58297-335-7
3491:978-1-4338-0562-2
3455:978-92-822-2272-0
3429:978-0-19-517633-9
3316:on 9 January 2010
3072:978-0-7818-0846-0
2998:978-0-87779-201-7
2925:978-0-393-06442-1
2898:978-0-393-06442-1
2848:6 August 2012 at
2821:Harper, Douglas.
2509:HYPHENATION POINT
2392:BALINESE PAMENENG
2133:"Unicode hyphen"
2081:word segmentation
2074:nonbreaking space
1804:
1803:
1796:
1630:telephone numbers
1568:suspensive hyphen
1556:Suspended hyphens
1071:little-celebrated
1064:American-football
1038:Compound modifier
858:anti-TNF antibody
564:
563:
405:twentieth-century
390:
389:
382:
347:original research
68:
67:
63:
62:
6086:
6010:Currency symbols
5990:
5989:
5983:
5975:
5974:
5973:(paragraph mark)
5967:
5963:
5955:
5954:
5948:
5944:
5936:
5935:
5929:
5921:
5920:
5913:
5905:
5904:
5898:
5894:
5878:
5877:
5871:
5863:
5862:
5856:
5852:
5848:
5844:
5836:
5835:
5829:
5825:
5817:
5816:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5798:
5782:
5781:
5779:trademark symbol
5775:
5767:
5766:
5760:
5752:
5751:
5745:
5737:
5736:
5730:
5722:
5721:
5715:
5713:
5703:
5702:
5700:copyright symbol
5696:
5680:
5679:
5673:
5665:
5664:
5658:
5650:
5649:
5643:
5639:
5635:
5627:
5626:
5620:
5618:
5608:
5607:
5601:
5585:
5584:
5578:
5570:
5569:
5563:
5555:
5554:
5548:
5540:
5539:
5533:
5525:
5524:
5518:
5510:
5509:
5503:
5495:
5494:
5488:
5484:
5468:
5467:
5461:
5453:
5452:
5446:
5438:
5437:
5431:
5423:
5422:
5416:
5408:
5407:
5401:
5393:
5392:
5386:
5382:
5374:
5373:
5367:
5359:
5358:
5352:
5336:
5335:
5329:
5321:
5320:
5314:
5310:
5302:
5301:
5295:
5287:
5286:
5284:exclamation mark
5280:
5272:
5271:
5265:
5249:
5248:
5242:
5238:
5230:
5229:
5223:
5219:
5215:
5207:
5206:
5200:
5184:
5183:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5165:
5162:
5158:
5155:
5151:
5148:
5138:
5137:
5131:
5123:
5122:
5116:
5108:
5107:
5101:
5093:
5092:
5086:
5078:
5077:
5071:
5063:
5062:
5056:
5048:
5047:
5041:
5033:
5032:
5026:
5010:
5009:
5003:
4995:
4994:
4988:
4984:
4980:
4972:
4971:
4965:
4961:
4953:
4952:
4946:
4938:
4937:
4931:
4923:
4922:
4916:
4908:
4907:
4901:
4893:
4892:
4886:
4859:
4852:
4845:
4836:
4835:
4822:
4821:
4799:Related template
4731:Related articles
4532:Phototypesetting
4386:reverse-contrast
4371:Display typeface
4328:
4305:Blackletter type
4261:
4260:
4198:Vertical aspects
4179:Sentence spacing
3989:Typeface anatomy
3985:
3984:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3829:
3828:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3768:
3763:
3754:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3743:
3732:
3721:
3720:
3708:
3702:
3701:
3695:
3693:
3670:
3664:
3663:
3650:
3642:
3636:
3635:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3603:
3588:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3560:
3554:
3553:
3548:
3546:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3472:
3466:
3449:(Sèvres: 2019),
3440:
3434:
3433:
3409:
3398:
3397:
3363:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3335:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3305:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3294:
3274:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3240:
3234:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3172:Liberman, Mark.
3169:
3163:
3161:
3151:
3142:
3140:
3130:
3124:
3117:
3111:
3110:
3090:
3084:
3083:
3081:
3079:
3060:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
2982:
2976:
2974:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2936:
2930:
2929:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2882:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2853:
2841:Nicolas, Nick. "
2839:
2833:
2832:
2818:
2812:
2791:
2790:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2736:
2719:
2708:
2702:
2686:
2675:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2559:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2457:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2283:
2279:
2274:
2272:
2265:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2230:
2164:Unicode Standard
2161:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2128:
2119:
2043:
1967:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1908:
1904:
1896:Unicode Standard
1885:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1799:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1779:
1756:
1748:
1744:Use in computing
1715:man eating shark
1708:man-eating shark
1699:hard working man
1692:hard-working man
1610:
1604:
1598:
1593:
1564:suspended hyphen
1429:are all common.
1374:
1367:In English, an
1353:
1346:
1332:
1324:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1198:
1184:
1169:
1145:
1126:proper adjective
1097:
1086:
1085:spine-tinglingly
1079:
1072:
1065:
996:
990:
984:
885:
877:
871:
865:
859:
849:
848:de-Stalinisation
843:
831:(organized into
821:
811:
801:
778:
772:
759:
752:
745:
738:
685:
679:
673:
667:
605:having the same
597:behavior (which
591:critical edition
536:with hyphenation
521:
520:
414:English compound
406:
403:nineteenth- and
394:English language
385:
378:
374:
371:
365:
362:inline citations
338:
337:
330:
313:
287:
284:
220:
212:
206:
205:
200:
194:
193:
188:
182:
181:
168:
129:
122:
115:
108:
87:and to separate
77:
45:
28:
27:
6094:
6093:
6089:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6084:
6083:
6064:
6063:
6062:
6057:
5994:
5985:
5982: §
5981:
5979:
5969:
5966: ⸿
5965:
5962: ¶
5961:
5959:
5950:
5947: ⌑
5946:
5943: ◊
5942:
5940:
5931:
5928: ☞
5927:
5925:
5919:(hedera, aldus)
5915:
5912: ❧
5911:
5909:
5900:
5897: ‡
5896:
5893: †
5892:
5890:
5882:
5873:
5870: ”
5869:
5867:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5840:
5831:
5827:
5823:
5821:
5812:
5808:
5804:
5800:
5796:
5794:
5786:
5777:
5773:
5771:
5762:
5758:
5756:
5747:
5744: ®
5743:
5741:
5732:
5729: ℗
5728:
5726:
5717:
5711:
5709:
5707:
5698:
5695: ©
5694:
5692:
5684:
5675:
5672: ·
5671:
5669:
5660:
5657: •
5656:
5654:
5645:
5642: ‖
5641:
5638: ¦
5637:
5633:
5631:
5622:
5616:
5614:
5612:
5603:
5600: _
5599:
5597:
5589:
5580:
5577: ^
5576:
5574:
5567:minus-plus sign
5565:
5562: ∓
5561:
5559:
5552:plus–minus sign
5550:
5547: ±
5546:
5544:
5535:
5532: ~
5531:
5529:
5520:
5517: ÷
5516:
5514:
5505:
5502: ×
5501:
5499:
5490:
5487: −
5486:
5483: +
5482:
5480:
5472:
5463:
5460: ⌀
5459:
5457:
5448:
5445: °
5444:
5442:
5433:
5430: ‱
5429:
5427:
5418:
5415: ‰
5414:
5412:
5403:
5400: %
5399:
5397:
5388:
5385: ª
5384:
5381: º
5380:
5378:
5369:
5366: №
5365:
5363:
5354:
5351: #
5350:
5348:
5340:
5331:
5328: ⸮
5327:
5325:
5316:
5313: ¿
5312:
5309: ¡
5308:
5306:
5297:
5294: ‽
5293:
5291:
5282:
5279: !
5278:
5276:
5267:
5264: ?
5263:
5261:
5253:
5244:
5241: ⸗
5240:
5237: ⹀
5236:
5234:
5225:
5222: —
5221:
5218: –
5217:
5214: ‒
5213:
5211:
5202:
5199: -
5198:
5196:
5188:
5179:
5173:
5170:
5167:
5163:
5160:
5156:
5153:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5142:
5133:
5130: ⁂
5129:
5127:
5118:
5115: *
5114:
5112:
5103:
5100: …
5099:
5097:
5088:
5085: \
5084:
5082:
5073:
5070: /
5069:
5067:
5058:
5055: ^
5054:
5052:
5043:
5040: @
5039:
5037:
5028:
5024:
5022:
5014:
5005:
5002: .
5001:
4999:
4990:
4987: ‴
4986:
4983: ″
4982:
4979: ′
4978:
4976:
4967:
4964: '
4963:
4960: ’
4959:
4957:
4948:
4945: ‐
4944:
4942:
4933:
4930: ;
4929:
4927:
4918:
4915: :
4914:
4912:
4903:
4900: ,
4899:
4897:
4888:
4884:
4882:
4874:
4863:
4833:
4828:
4810:
4794:
4726:
4686:writing systems
4685:
4679:
4633:
4573:
4517:Microtypography
4456:
4392:
4354:
4331:
4299:
4256:classifications
4255:
4244:
4193:
4147:
4113:Blackboard bold
4099:
4051:
3974:
3924:
3915:Recto and verso
3861:
3856:
3825:
3800:Jukka Korpela,
3782:
3777:
3776:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3755:
3751:
3741:
3739:
3734:
3733:
3724:
3709:
3705:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3671:
3667:
3648:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3632:
3618:
3614:
3601:
3599:
3589:
3585:
3575:
3573:
3562:
3561:
3557:
3544:
3542:
3530:
3526:
3519:
3503:
3499:
3492:
3473:
3469:
3441:
3437:
3430:
3410:
3401:
3364:
3357:
3347:
3345:
3343:englishplus.com
3337:
3336:
3329:
3319:
3317:
3306:
3302:
3292:
3290:
3289:on 14 June 2019
3277:
3275:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3243:
3241:
3237:
3206:
3202:
3189:
3185:
3170:
3166:
3153:
3152:
3145:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3118:
3114:
3107:
3091:
3087:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3051:
3047:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3017:
3013:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2983:
2979:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2937:
2933:
2926:
2910:
2906:
2899:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2860:
2856:
2840:
2836:
2819:
2815:
2809:Perseus Project
2785:
2781:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2754:
2752:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2722:
2709:
2705:
2684:
2676:
2669:
2664:
2621:
2601:
2598:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2568:
2563:
2562:
2555:
2552:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2533:
2532:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2505:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2491:
2486:
2485:
2470:
2467:
2462:
2461:
2455:
2452:
2447:
2446:
2440:
2437:
2432:
2431:
2425:
2422:
2417:
2416:
2406:
2403:
2398:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2383:
2382:
2377:
2374:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2360:
2355:
2354:
2350:ARMENIAN HYPHEN
2349:
2346:
2341:
2340:
2329:
2326:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2307:
2306:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2288:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2261:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2246:
2178:
2172:
2159:
2156:
2151:
2150:
2135:
2069:no-break hyphen
2057:
2041:
1992:
1986:
1978:standard stream
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1906:
1902:
1882:
1879:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1864:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1849:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1833:, the number 45
1832:
1824:
1815:
1809:
1800:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1769:
1757:
1746:
1670:
1668:Varied meanings
1618:
1608:
1602:
1596:
1591:
1580:floating hyphen
1566:(also called a
1558:
1514:
1512:Other compounds
1483:
1473:
1411:
1372:
1351:
1344:
1338:In spelled-out
1330:
1322:
1287:units (such as
1271:thirty-two-foot
1270:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1196:
1182:
1167:
1143:
1095:
1084:
1077:
1070:
1063:
1044:
1034:
1029:
994:
988:
983:self-con·scious
982:
966:syllabification
962:
881:
875:
869:
867:); or numbers (
863:
857:
847:
841:
819:
809:
799:
776:
770:
757:
750:
743:
736:
683:
677:
671:
665:
638:
630:(fifth edition)
583:being mentioned
559:of America ...
558:
556:
546:
544:
535:
526:
508:syllabification
503:
498:
474:syllabification
404:
386:
375:
369:
366:
351:
339:
335:
328:
321:
314:
311:
285:
247:Dionysius Thrax
231:
225:was practiced.
218:
175:
166:
127:
120:
113:
106:
75:
64:
38:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6092:
6082:
6081:
6076:
6059:
6058:
6056:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6034:
6033:
6028:
6023:
6018:
6012:
6006:
6005:
5999:
5996:
5995:
5993:
5992:
5977:
5957:
5938:
5923:
5907:
5887:
5884:
5883:
5881:
5880:
5865:
5847:
5838:
5819:
5814:quotation mark
5791:
5788:
5787:
5785:
5784:
5774:
5769:
5759:
5754:
5739:
5724:
5705:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5683:
5682:
5667:
5652:
5629:
5610:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5587:
5572:
5557:
5542:
5527:
5512:
5497:
5477:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5455:
5440:
5425:
5410:
5395:
5376:
5361:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5338:
5323:
5304:
5289:
5274:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5251:
5232:
5209:
5193:
5190:
5189:
5187:
5186:
5140:
5125:
5110:
5095:
5080:
5065:
5050:
5035:
5019:
5016:
5015:
5013:
5012:
4997:
4974:
4955:
4940:
4925:
4910:
4895:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4862:
4861:
4854:
4847:
4839:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4826:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4809:
4808:
4802:
4800:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4756:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4734:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4723:
4722:
4720:National Fonts
4712:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4695:
4689:
4687:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4665:Web typography
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4641:
4639:
4635:
4634:
4632:
4631:
4626:
4625:
4624:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4583:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4570:
4569:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4542:Reversing type
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4472:
4466:
4464:
4458:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4411:
4409:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4368:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4347:
4341:
4339:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4320:
4315:
4309:
4307:
4301:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4269:
4267:
4258:
4250:
4249:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4201:
4199:
4195:
4194:
4192:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4169:Letter-spacing
4166:
4161:
4155:
4153:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4123:Color printing
4120:
4115:
4109:
4107:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4061:
4059:
4057:Capitalization
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3993:
3991:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3970:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3934:
3932:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3895:Page numbering
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3871:
3869:
3863:
3862:
3855:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3832:
3823:
3822:
3816:
3809:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3781:
3780:External links
3778:
3775:
3774:
3749:
3722:
3703:
3685:
3665:
3655:. p. 30.
3637:
3631:978-0596102425
3630:
3612:
3583:
3569:Dictionary.com
3555:
3524:
3517:
3497:
3490:
3467:
3435:
3428:
3399:
3355:
3327:
3300:
3262:
3235:
3200:
3183:
3164:
3160:, Grammar book
3143:
3125:
3112:
3106:978-9027245236
3105:
3085:
3071:
3045:
3032:978-8186062258
3031:
3011:
2997:
2977:
2952:
2931:
2924:
2904:
2897:
2877:
2854:
2834:
2813:
2779:
2762:
2749:dictionary.com
2730:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2703:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2652:
2646:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2625:De-hyphenation
2620:
2617:
2605:
2604:
2590:
2574:
2560:
2544:
2530:
2511:
2497:
2475:
2474:
2459:
2444:
2429:
2414:
2395:
2380:
2366:
2352:
2334:
2333:
2330:OBLIQUE HYPHEN
2318:
2304:
2285:
2267:
2245:
2242:
2171:
2168:
2134:
2131:
2056:
2053:
1985:
1982:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1822:
1811:Main article:
1808:
1807:Hyphen-minuses
1805:
1802:
1801:
1760:
1758:
1751:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1732:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1669:
1666:
1617:
1614:
1572:hanging hyphen
1557:
1554:
1513:
1510:
1472:
1471:Personal names
1469:
1410:
1407:
1402:Dash § En dash
1197:more-important
1183:more-beautiful
1168:more-important
1118:cost-effective
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
995:long-stand·ing
961:
958:
883:proto-oncogene
637:
634:
562:
561:
552:
549:
539:
538:
534:Justified text
531:
529:
525:Justified text
502:
499:
497:
494:
388:
387:
342:
340:
333:
320:
319:Use in English
317:
310:
268:letter spacing
230:
227:
174:
171:
66:
65:
61:
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6021:Logic symbols
6019:
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5523:
5522:division sign
5519:
5513:
5508:
5504:
5498:
5493:
5489:
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5475:
5466:
5465:diameter sign
5462:
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5450:degree symbol
5447:
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5406:
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5300:
5296:
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5266:
5260:
5259:
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5243:
5233:
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5182:
5178:
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5017:
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4998:
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4906:
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4871:typographical
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4708:
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4696:
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4682:
4676:
4673:
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4670:Bézier curves
4668:
4666:
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4655:Rasterization
4653:
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4512:Microprinting
4510:
4508:
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4498:
4495:
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4470:Etaoin shrdlu
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3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:Markus Kuhn,
3810:
3807:
3803:
3799:
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3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3760:
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3738:. 31 May 2024
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3493:
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3471:
3465:, March 2008.
3464:
3460:
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3408:
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3271:
3269:
3267:
3250:
3246:
3239:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3212:Robert W. Bly
3209:
3204:
3196:
3195:
3187:
3179:
3175:
3168:
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3150:
3148:
3138:
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3098:
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3074:
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3064:
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3049:
3034:
3028:
3024:
3023:
3015:
3000:
2994:
2990:
2989:
2981:
2972:
2968:
2967:
2962:
2956:
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2935:
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2921:
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2916:
2908:
2900:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2881:
2858:
2851:
2850:archive.today
2847:
2844:
2838:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2806:
2805:
2800:
2799:Scott, Robert
2796:
2792:
2783:
2772:
2766:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2743:
2735:
2731:
2717:
2716:word wrapping
2713:
2707:
2700:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2680:
2674:
2672:
2667:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2631:Double hyphen
2629:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2591:
2575:
2561:
2558:
2557:DOUBLE HYPHEN
2545:
2531:
2523:HYPHEN BULLET
2512:
2498:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2460:
2445:
2430:
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2412:
2396:
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2198:
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2167:
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2148:
2144:
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2127:
2123:
2118:
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2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2085:word boundary
2082:
2077:
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2070:
2066:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1991:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1928:
1925:or multi-key
1924:
1920:
1915:
1912:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1828:
1820:
1814:
1798:
1795:
1787:
1784:November 2020
1777:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1761:This section
1759:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1716:
1712:
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1689:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1659:reduplication
1655:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1613:
1611:
1605:
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1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1560:
1553:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1530:tittle-tattle
1527:
1526:clever-clever
1523:
1519:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1492:
1488:
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1478:
1468:
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1424:
1420:
1419:
1413:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1331:35-millimetre
1326:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1297:
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1286:
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1190:
1186:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1141:
1139:
1138:The Economist
1134:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1092:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1024:
1022:
1021:Ah-gwah-ching
1018:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1003:
1001:
997:
991:
985:
979:
975:
971:
967:
957:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
918:
913:
909:
905:
900:
898:
897:protooncogene
894:
890:
886:
884:
878:
872:
866:
860:
854:
850:
844:
838:
834:
830:
827:form) versus
826:
822:
816:
812:
806:
802:
796:
795:
790:
785:
783:
779:
773:
767:
766:
761:
754:
747:
740:
733:
729:
725:
721:
716:
714:
713:rule of thumb
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
680:
674:
668:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
633:
631:
629:
624:
623:double hyphen
620:
619:
614:
613:
608:
604:
601:handles with
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
573:
569:
560:
553:
551:
550:
548:
541:
537:
532:
530:
528:
523:
519:
517:
513:
512:justification
509:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
466:
464:
463:
458:
457:
452:
451:
446:
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422:
421:
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410:
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395:
384:
381:
373:
363:
359:
355:
349:
348:
343:This section
341:
332:
331:
326:
316:
308:
307:double hyphen
303:
299:
295:
291:
280:
275:
273:
269:
264:
263:as a hyphen.
262:
259:, officially
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187:
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105:
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96:
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90:
86:
82:
78:
73:
58:
56:Hyphen-minus
55:
54:
50:
47:
46:
41:
34:
29:
26:
22:
6026:Math symbols
5987:section mark
5647:vertical bar
5405:percent sign
5204:hyphen-minus
4949:
4770:Type foundry
4607:Metric units
4537:Punchcutting
4522:Movable type
4492:Font catalog
4452:Vertical bar
4429:
4189:Word spacing
4159:Figure space
4042:Text figures
3885:Even working
3824:
3767:19 September
3765:. Retrieved
3752:
3742:11 September
3740:. Retrieved
3716:
3706:
3697:
3690:. Retrieved
3675:
3668:
3657:
3656:
3652:
3640:
3621:
3615:
3607:
3600:. Retrieved
3596:
3586:
3574:. Retrieved
3567:
3558:
3550:
3543:. Retrieved
3537:
3527:
3507:
3500:
3480:
3470:
3444:
3438:
3414:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3346:. Retrieved
3342:
3318:. Retrieved
3314:the original
3303:
3291:. Retrieved
3287:the original
3282:
3253:. Retrieved
3248:
3238:
3215:
3203:
3193:
3186:
3178:Language Log
3177:
3167:
3156:
3139:, City slide
3135:
3128:
3115:
3095:
3088:
3076:. Retrieved
3065:, § 5.
3056:
3048:
3036:. Retrieved
3021:
3014:
3002:. Retrieved
2987:
2980:
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2955:
2945:
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2914:
2907:
2887:
2880:
2857:
2837:
2826:
2816:
2802:
2782:
2765:
2753:. Retrieved
2747:
2741:
2734:
2706:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2682:
2678:
2649:Greek hyphen
2606:
2602:GARAY HYPHEN
2527:⁃
2476:
2335:
2263:HYPHEN-MINUS
2247:
2209:file systems
2206:
2197:Bastille Day
2179:
2139:hyphen-minus
2138:
2136:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2078:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2058:
2046:
2037:
2027:
2018:
2016:
2011:
2007:
1993:
1955:
1923:dialog boxes
1919:type-written
1916:
1905:(minus) and
1900:
1853:HYPHEN-MINUS
1816:
1813:Hyphen-minus
1790:
1781:
1770:Please help
1765:verification
1762:
1734:
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929:
925:
921:
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907:
901:
896:
892:
888:
880:
879:). Although
874:
868:
864:non-SI units
862:
856:
846:
840:
833:trade unions
828:
818:
817:again), and
808:
804:
798:
792:
786:
781:
775:
769:
763:
760:/deemphasize
758:de-emphasize
756:
749:
746:/cooperation
744:co-operation
742:
735:
727:
723:
719:
717:
704:
700:
682:
676:
670:
664:
656:
652:
648:
644:
639:
626:
616:
610:
580:
568:orthographic
565:
554:
542:
533:
524:
504:
486:line lengths
484:with narrow
467:
460:
454:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
418:
411:
402:
398:style guides
391:
376:
370:January 2016
367:
344:
276:
265:
254:
244:
223:word spacing
176:
151:hyphen-minus
135:orthographic
132:
97:
92:
74:
71:
69:
25:
6074:Punctuation
5435:basis point
5371:numero sign
5356:number sign
5299:interrobang
4867:punctuation
4765:Type design
4760:Style guide
4753:Calligraphy
4743:Handwriting
4557:Type design
4507:Lorem ipsum
4502:Letterpress
4462:Typesetting
4402:Punctuation
4366:Record type
4337:Gaelic type
4325:Schwabacher
4215:Body height
4080:Letter case
3948:Line length
3692:10 November
3348:18 November
3157:Punctuation
3154:"Hyphens",
3078:28 November
3038:28 November
3004:28 November
2744:Definition"
2685:28-year-old
2411:blackletter
2277:SOFT HYPHEN
2117:an t‑athair
2004:soft hyphen
1990:Soft hyphen
1522:cock-a-hoop
1447:Similarly,
1323:25-kilogram
1250:28-year-old
1140:Style Guide
1122:proper noun
1096:high-school
1087:frightening
942:orthography
938:deëmphasize
922:coöperation
908:coöperation
842:un-American
800:re-creation
780:instead of
768:instead of
739:/deescalate
737:de-escalate
574:practices.
572:typesetting
441:pigeon-hole
286: 1455
272:Middle Ages
210:(he) hyphén
155:soft hyphen
93:hyphenation
81:punctuation
6068:Categories
6031:Whitespace
6015:Diacritics
5875:ditto mark
5677:interpunct
5605:underscore
4969:apostrophe
4869:and other
4738:Penmanship
4710:East Asian
4552:Type color
4485:monospaced
4442:Interpunct
4435:minus sign
4359:Specialist
4295:Sans-serif
4288:slab serif
4265:Roman type
4220:Cap height
4184:Thin space
4143:Whitespace
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4090:Snake case
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4070:Camel case
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3910:Pull quote
3905:Pagination
3900:Paper size
3859:Typography
3539:Chabad.org
3232:0020130856
3208:Gary Blake
2969:. London:
2874:(in Greek)
2726:References
2712:line break
2643:Hyphen War
2609:interpunct
2479:interpunct
2413:typefaces)
2213:file names
2186:Anglophone
2147:codepoints
2145:allocated
1970:pipelining
1868:MINUS SIGN
1650:), as in "
1632:or sports
1616:Other uses
1546:orang utan
1538:orang-utan
1534:orang-utan
1475:See also:
1457:shark meat
1418:egg-beater
1352:one-eighth
1345:two-thirds
1329:a roll of
974:interpunct
820:un-ionized
794:recreation
791:, such as
789:homographs
777:shell-like
753:/reexamine
751:re-examine
709:derivative
693:monographs
689:affixation
587:dictionary
496:Separating
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354:improve it
169:(minus)".
147:characters
118:minus sign
6017:(accents)
5833:guillemet
5420:per mille
5090:backslash
5030:ampersand
5007:full stop
4935:semicolon
4235:Overshoot
4230:Mean line
4225:Descender
4138:Underline
3980:Character
3958:Runaround
3938:Alignment
3930:Paragraph
3447:, 9th ed.
3320:5 January
3218:, p. 48.
2599:
2584:𐺭
2282:­
2237:Unix-like
1592:-operated
1542:orangutan
1427:eggbeater
1340:fractions
1189:mass-noun
1073:paintings
1055:adjective
946:graphemes
934:reïterate
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889:Dorland's
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782:shelllike
701:closed up
663:(such as
643:(such as
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478:justified
456:hyperlink
437:pot belly
433:pot-belly
358:verifying
294:sublinear
261:romanized
213:) was an
186:huph' hén
173:Etymology
125:plus sign
89:syllables
5933:manicule
5719:copyleft
5135:asterism
5120:asterisk
5105:ellipsis
4824:Category
4703:PT Fonts
4698:Cyrillic
4562:Typeface
4480:computer
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4254:Typeface
4240:x-height
4210:Baseline
4205:Ascender
4065:All caps
4027:Rotation
4022:Ligature
4017:Ink trap
3602:15 April
3576:15 April
3545:15 April
3478:(2010),
3226:, 1993.
3220:New York
2966:BBC News
2846:Archived
2823:"hyphen"
2681:becomes
2619:See also
2569:゠
2553:⹀
2539:⸚
2520:⁃
2506:‧
2492:᐀
2468:・
2453:-
2438:﹣
2423:・
2404:⸗
2389:᭠
2375:᠆
2327:⹝
2313:‑
2294:‐
2193:ISO 8601
2157:‐
2122:Romanian
2093:re‑treat
2030:OpenType
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2000:reflowed
1880:‐
1865:−
1600:becomes
1576:dangling
1347:majority
1312:kilogram
1273:wingspan
1266:wingspan
1187:(with a
1098:students
1011:zhashagi
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823:(not in
810:re-treat
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661:suffixes
641:Prefixes
615:and the
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462:pastebin
429:fig leaf
425:fig-leaf
256:enotikon
251:tie mark
215:undertie
204:(ἡ) ὑφέν
198:hypó hén
5971:pilcrow
5952:lozenge
5917:fleuron
5860:bracket
5714:
5710:
5619:
5615:
5176:
5145:
5045:at sign
4873:symbols
4865:Common
4650:Hinting
4527:Pangram
4345:Insular
4318:Rotunda
4313:Fraktur
4278:Antiqua
4164:Kerning
4133:Oblique
4128:Italics
4075:Initial
4007:Dingbat
3997:Counter
3943:Leading
3373:hyphens
3293:9 March
3255:9 March
2946:hyphens
2807:at the
2755:18 June
2655:Enhypen
2594:U+10D6E
2578:U+10EAD
2361:־
2347:֊
2244:Unicode
2225:Windows
2182:slashes
2089:retreat
2008:allowed
1974:in lieu
1907:4+3-2=5
1903:4+3−2=5
1827:Unicode
1817:In the
1487:surname
1369:en dash
1354:portion
1264:32-foot
1185:scenery
1170:reasons
1113:follows
1027:Joining
912:vocalic
815:therapy
805:retreat
732:digraph
482:columns
450:toolbar
439:), and
407:writers
352:Please
270:in the
229:History
143:Unicode
111:em dash
104:en dash
5991:
5980:
5976:
5964:
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4693:Arabic
4592:Cicero
4430:Hyphen
4415:Bullet
4376:script
4350:Uncial
4283:Didone
4047:Tittle
3890:Margin
3880:Column
3683:
3661:minus.
3628:
3515:
3488:
3453:
3426:
3381:little
3230:
3103:
3069:
3029:
2995:
2922:
2895:
2742:Hyphen
2596:
2580:
2566:
2564:U+30A0
2550:
2548:U+2E40
2536:
2534:U+2E1A
2517:
2515:U+2043
2503:
2501:U+2027
2489:
2487:U+1400
2465:
2463:U+FF65
2450:
2448:U+FF0D
2435:
2433:U+FE63
2420:
2418:U+30FB
2401:
2399:U+2E17
2386:
2384:U+1B60
2372:
2370:U+1806
2358:
2356:U+05BE
2344:
2342:U+058A
2324:
2322:U+2E5D
2310:
2308:U+2011
2297:HYPHEN
2291:
2289:U+2010
2273:
2271:U+00AD
2259:-
2256:
2254:U+002D
2160:HYPHEN
2154:
2152:U+2010
2038:except
2034:long s
2028:Some (
2012:forced
1962:getopt
1883:HYPHEN
1877:
1875:U+2010
1862:
1860:U+2212
1850:-
1847:
1845:U+002D
1634:scores
1548:, and
1479:, and
1387:, and
1325:sphere
1275:, but
1211:, and
1209:little
1144:
1066:player
1059:before
1051:adverb
1008:Ojibwe
926:Brontë
917:Brontë
837:proper
813:(give
771:e-mail
681:, and
659:) and
655:, and
621:use a
516:rivers
459:, and
298:vellum
217:-like
192:ὑπό ἕν
180:ὑφ' ἕν
167:
157:, the
153:, the
133:As an
100:dashes
72:hyphen
37:Hyphen
5582:caret
5537:tilde
5075:slash
5060:caret
4992:prime
4920:colon
4905:comma
4890:space
4617:Point
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4447:Space
4273:Serif
4174:Pitch
4037:Swash
4012:Glyph
3953:River
3762:(PDF)
3649:(PDF)
3276:E.g.
3242:E.g.
2774:(PDF)
2687:woman
2662:Notes
2607:(See
2233:shell
2113:Irish
2067:, or
2049:below
1943:$ -$
1911:glyph
1825:. As
1819:ASCII
1624:(see
1622:dates
1606:(not
1306:metre
1301:names
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1221:early
1124:or a
1093:, to
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954:naïve
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765:email
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4567:list
4547:Sort
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4118:Bold
3968:runt
3867:Page
3769:2022
3744:2024
3694:2020
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3604:2023
3578:2023
3547:2023
3513:ISBN
3486:ISBN
3451:ISBN
3424:ISBN
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3387:and
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3350:2014
3322:2010
3295:2019
3257:2019
3228:ISBN
3210:and
3101:ISBN
3080:2014
3067:ISBN
3040:2014
3027:ISBN
3006:2014
2993:ISBN
2920:ISBN
2893:ISBN
2789:ὑφέν
2757:2015
2611:and
2227:use
2223:and
2221:OS/2
2107:or "
2091:and
2079:The
2059:The
1871:and
1532:and
1500:and
1425:and
1356:but
1349:and
1333:film
1279:and
1268:and
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1227:and
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1104:and
1040:and
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924:and
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649:pre-
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5624:tie
3393:-ly
3377:ill
3279:"H"
3245:"H"
3063:182
2217:DOS
2201:DIN
2126:s‑a
2120:or
2042:'s'
2019:may
1951:---
1935:---
1933:or
1837:(2D
1774:by
1652:G-d
1643:).
1628:),
1578:or
1570:or
1544:or
1405:.)
1360:or
1309:or
1293:or
1261:or
1205:ill
1152:-ly
1148:-ly
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1068:or
851:);
825:ion
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703:or
653:re-
645:de-
492:).
476:in
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1327:,
1321:a
1296:kg
1285:SI
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