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250:. Kirza SK is a pig leather imitation based on multi-layer coarse cotton fabric, impregnated by a film-forming synthetic rubber type substance involving a vacuum manufacturing process, which produced a fabric that is impervious to water, yet with a breathable membrane to let air through. Kirza was first used in 1936-1937 and authorized to replace leather goods in 1940. The Red Army trialed boots with kirza SK uppers during the
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invented the original leather substitute. He used a mixture of egg yolk, rosin and paraffin wax to impregnate kersey. Despite receiving several awards in Russia and abroad, it was not used due to
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The material is mainly used in the production of military boots, where it is a cheap and effective replacement for natural leather. It is also used in the production of
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is a material of natural origin known since the Middle Ages. However, kersey was used in the production of the first kirza. According to a popular legend, the name
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based on a multi-layer textile fabric, modified by membrane-like substances. It consisted of cotton, latex and rosin. It was produced mainly in the
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and in several other countries. About 85% of the kirza produced in Russia is used in military boots (including modern
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On 10 April 1942, Aleksandr
Khomutov, Ivan Plotnikov and seven other specialists were awarded the 2nd Degree
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and automobiles. The Kirza SK high boots were named by soldiers as 'shit trampers'. It is also used in
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In 1941, as technology improved, mass production was resumed to meet demand for army boots during the
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211:(an acronym for "Iskusstvennaya Kozha" - artificial leather), and the legend is simply an example of
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by leather boot manufacturers. It remained expensive, despite the demand, until the invention of
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By the end of the war, an estimated ten million Soviet soldiers were wearing kirza boots.
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261:. Plotnikov became the chief engineer for the supply of kirza SK boots to the army.
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Polymeric
Coating Systems for Artificial Leather: Standard and Latest Technologies
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The Stuff of
Soldiers: A History of the Red Army in World War II through Objects
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but it proved unfit for winter conditions, and production was halted.
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in the early 1930s which replaced the initial impregnating mixture.
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for their invention of the new kirza production technology.
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441:Π¨ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°, Π. Π. (2008). "ΠΡΠΊΠΎΠΆ". In Sitnikov, V. A. (ed.).
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Forty, Simon; Hook, Patrick; Cornish, Nik (2021-11-30).
203:), a factory producing artificial leather located near
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Soviet
Pistols: Tokarev, Makarov, Stechkin and others
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207:. However, the actual name of the factory was
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477:The Soviet Infantryman on the Eastern Front
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175:While some English dictionaries translate
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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978:
337:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
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501:Schechter, Brandon M. (2019-10-15).
274:Kirza has remained in production in
47:adding citations to reliable sources
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259:German invasion of the Soviet Union
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873:Artificial leather / Leatherette
246:developed a new material called
152:. The surface of kirza imitates
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939:British Museum leather dressing
548:from the original on 2024-02-02
423:from the original on 2017-12-13
331:Defonseka, Chris (2022-01-19).
34:needs additional citations for
531:The Shoemaker and his Daughter
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385:Thompson, Leroy (2022-10-27).
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528:O'Clery, Conor (2018-08-23).
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507:. Cornell University Press.
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934:Leather Archives and Museum
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474:Forty, Simon (2024-01-04).
443:Δnciklopedija zemli Vjatsko
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16:Type of artificial leather
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391:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
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238:During 1920s and 1930s,
924:Igualada Leather Museum
361:Red Army into the Reich
929:Walsall Leather Museum
183:this is incorrect, as
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919:German Leather Museum
240:Aleksandr M. Khomutov
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445:. ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ²: Π-ΠΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅.
413:"ΠΠΈΡΠ·Π° β’ ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°"
43:improve this article
161:belts for machinery
996:Artificial leather
960:Leather subculture
146:artificial leather
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1006:Soviet inventions
991:Technical fabrics
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514:978-1-5017-3980-4
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452:978-5-91402-040-5
398:978-1-4728-5347-9
371:978-1-63624-023-7
344:978-3-11-071654-2
225:Mikhail Pomortsev
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54:Find sources:
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32:This article
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550:. Retrieved
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480:. Casemate.
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425:. Retrieved
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364:. Casemate.
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280:combat boots
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266:Stalin Prize
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150:Soviet Union
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1001:Soviet Army
866:Substitutes
847:Bookbinding
648:Law leather
154:pig leather
125:Kirza boots
980:Categories
893:Ultrasuede
638:Corinthian
552:2024-02-02
427:2024-02-02
417:Β«ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΒ»
318:References
252:Winter War
99:March 2022
69:newspapers
898:Alcantara
888:Presstoff
883:Naugahyde
801:Processes
736:Crocodile
709:Alligator
683:Shearling
461:643163898
307:Footwraps
223:In 1904,
171:Etymology
986:Footwear
839:Crafting
814:Deliming
761:Kangaroo
724:Calfskin
678:Shagreen
628:Buckskin
546:Archived
421:Archived
302:Jackboot
296:See also
248:Kirza SK
229:lobbying
165:holsters
144:type of
965:Rawhide
948:Related
903:Clarino
824:Tanning
766:Ostrich
653:Morocco
643:Kidskin
633:Chamois
608:Aniline
594:Leather
219:History
193:acronym
181:kersey,
142:Russian
134:Russian
83:scholar
58:"Kirza"
829:Oiling
819:Bating
809:Liming
719:Cattle
673:Russia
668:Patent
663:Nubuck
623:Bonded
618:Boiled
613:Bicast
538:
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312:Puttee
276:Russia
209:IsKozh
191:is an
185:kersey
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878:Kirza
786:Snake
781:Sheep
756:Horse
729:Slunk
714:Bison
693:Suede
601:Types
205:Kirov
189:kirza
177:ΠΊΠΈΡΠ·Π°
138:ΠΊΠΈΡΠ·Π°
130:Kirza
90:JSTOR
76:books
776:Seal
751:Goat
741:Deer
658:Napa
536:ISBN
509:ISBN
482:ISBN
457:OCLC
447:ISBN
393:ISBN
366:ISBN
339:ISBN
284:yuft
242:and
195:for
62:news
791:Yak
771:Pig
746:Eel
286:or
179:as
45:by
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