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communities during the inter-communal struggle of 1963–1964. On 4 April 1964, armed groups originating from both communities had fought over a strategic location overlooking the region's only highway. There had also been several sporadic incidents of gunfire between villages of the region. On 8 April
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The government of the
Republic of Cyprus viewed Kokkina as a point of insertion for Turkish paramilitaries and weaponry in Cyprus because about 500 Turkish Cypriot volunteers who had been trained and armed in Turkey had landed there. So, on 6 August 1964, elements of the Greek Cypriot National Guard
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Within the exclave at the village cemetery, there are 13 carefully tended graves of
Turkish Cypriots who were killed at the siege at Kokkina. The village itself still carries heavy battle damage. A museum memorialising the defenders and the North Cypriot military
543:) is also at the village. Kokkina is the site of annual memorial ceremonies attended by high-ranking dignitaries of both the TRNC and Turkish governments. On Greek Cypriot maps, the village is referred to by its Greek name of Kokkina.
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In the eyes of the Greek
Cypriot authorities, Kokkina was a threat to the nation's security posed by Turkish Cypriot paramilitaries and cutting it off would have severed Turkish armed groups from resupply and reinforcement.
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The defenders, while completely out-powered and lacking supplies, managed to hold their positions until 8 August when Turkey decided to intervene. The threat of a
Turkish military escalation and a resolution of the
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attacked the area around
Kokkina and surrounded the village forcing its defenders and the civilian population to retreat to a narrow beachhead. The defenders consisted of elements of the
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on its northern flank. Kokkina sits several kilometres west of mainland
Northern Cyprus and is a place with symbolic significance to Cypriots, because of the events of August 1964 (cf.
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Turkey claimed that the aerial attack and threat of further intervention were justified by her right to protect the
Turkish Cypriot population under the 1960
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calling for a ceasefire, ended the stand-off. A ceasefire was declared on 9 August 1964 and UNFICYP forces were once again deployed to the area.
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Since
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When the
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468:(with naval support) of the beachhead followed causing a number of casualties and heavy damage to the village.
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The
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in November 1983. However, this declaration of independence was condemned as legally invalid by
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or "New Erenköy" in Turkish) and the enclave has since functioned as a
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and a number of the volunteers mentioned above. A heavy
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and brought in much-needed supplies for the civilians.
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United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)
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64:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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524:United Nations Security Council Resolution 541
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124:Learn how and when to remove this message
512:Turkish Federated State of North Cyprus
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520:independence was unilaterally declared
420:military camp for the Turkish forces.
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62:adding citations to reliable sources
33:
27:For other places named Erenköy, see
561:Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
516:Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
24:
1754:Populated places in Lefke District
25:
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1774:Former populated places in Cyprus
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138:Place in Nicosia District, Cyprus
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1620:Lefke District (Northern Cyprus)
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1749:Communities in Nicosia District
600:Internal Displacement in Cyprus
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474:United Nations Security Council
459:Turkish Resistance Organization
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49:needs additional citations for
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1719:Xerovounos/Yukarı Yeşilırmak
1709:Potamos tou Kampou/Yedidalga
638:Photo Gallery of the exclave
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848:Agios Theodoros Tilliria
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628:BBC article on the siege
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1699:Peristeronari/Cengizköy
828:Agios Ioannis Malountas
803:Agios Epifanios Oreinis
783:Agia Marina (Skylloura)
581:by any UN state except
541:Security Forces Command
394:Turkish Cypriot enclave
1664:Karavostasi/Gemikonağı
808:Agios Epifanios Soleas
633:Aftermath of the siege
385:(pene-exclave) of the
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1764:Enclaves and exclaves
833:Agios Nikolaos Lefkas
818:Agios Georgios Lefkas
567:from the Republic of
565:declared independence
453:units led by General
441:managed to arrange a
364:[ˈkot͡ʃːʰina]
250:35.17917°N 32.61167°E
1659:Kalo Chorio/Çamlıköy
58:improve this article
1694:Pentageia/Yeşilyurt
1684:Limnitis/Yeşilırmak
1073:Kalo Chorio Oreinis
1068:Kalo Chorio Kapouti
481:Treaty of Guarantee
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1669:Kazivera/Gaziveren
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1368:Palaichori Oreinis
1363:Palaichori Morphou
1078:Kalo Chorio Soleas
604:PRIO Cyprus Centre
503:for the fighters.
406:Battle of Tillyria
255:35.17917; 32.61167
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19:
1704:Petra/Taşköy
1673:
1649:Elia/Doğancı
1518:Syrianochori
1503:Skouriotissa
1443:Platanistasa
1383:Pano Deftera
1378:Paliometocho
1253:Lythrodontas
1182:
1133:Kato Deftera
938:Astromeritis
788:Agia Varvara
607:. Retrieved
599:
590:
572:
555:
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491:Significance
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414:Yeni Erenköy
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114:January 2015
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56:Please help
51:verification
48:
1679:Lefka/Lefke
1627:Settlements
1423:Peristerona
1418:Pera Chorio
1398:Pano Zodeia
1393:Pano Pyrgos
1373:Palaikythro
1158:Kato Zodeia
1153:Kato Pyrgos
1128:Kataliontas
1123:Karavostasi
958:Dyo Potamoi
913:Anthoupolis
778:Agia Marina
773:Agia Eirini
761:Communities
402:Morphou Bay
253: /
1743:Categories
1568:Xerovounos
1473:Psimolofou
1453:Polystypos
1358:Pachyammos
1323:Neo Chorio
1318:Moutoullas
1238:Louroujina
1058:Kakopetria
1033:Gerolakkos
1008:Fterikoudi
988:Exometochi
973:Episkopeio
898:Analiontas
609:14 January
579:recognised
547:References
437:1964, the
241:32°36′42″E
238:35°10′45″N
84:newspapers
1578:Yeniceköy
1533:Tsakistra
1508:Skylloura
1408:Pentageia
1313:Mosfileri
1298:Mylikouri
1288:Mathiatis
1213:Lagoudera
1198:Kotsiatis
1173:Trachonas
1148:Kato Moni
1138:Katokopia
1088:Kalyvakia
893:Ambelikou
878:Alithinou
858:Agrokipia
738:Strovolos
718:Lakatamia
688:Aglandjia
596:"KOKKINA"
463:artillery
443:ceasefire
412:(renamed
73:"Kokkina"
1573:Xyliatos
1548:Variseia
1528:Trachoni
1498:Sinaoros
1448:Politiko
1403:Pedoulas
1328:Nikitari
1268:Mansoura
1258:Malounta
1218:Lazanias
1168:Kazivera
1163:Katydata
1113:Kannavia
1108:Kanlıköy
1053:Haspolat
1048:Hamitköy
1028:Gerakies
998:Fikardou
993:Farmakas
983:Evrychou
908:Angolemi
888:Ammadies
574:de facto
410:Yialousa
387:de facto
335:District
311:de facto
306:Country
295:District
266:Country
1563:Vyzakia
1558:Vroisha
1523:Temvria
1483:Saranti
1468:Prastio
1463:Potamia
1438:Pigenia
1353:Ortaköy
1348:Orounta
1333:Nikitas
1303:Mitsero
1263:Mammari
1243:Loutros
1233:Livadia
1193:Korakou
1183:Kokkina
1118:Kapedes
1063:Kaliana
1038:Gönyeli
978:Ergates
948:Beykeuy
923:Arediou
903:Anageia
868:Alampra
733:Nicosia
728:Morphou
713:Kythrea
466:barrage
424:History
383:exclave
378:Koççina
373:Erenköy
369:Turkish
360:locally
356:Κόκκινα
348:Kokkina
271:de jure
219:Kokkina
175:Turkish
168:Erenköy
153:Κόκκινα
145:Kokkina
98:scholar
29:Erenköy
1543:Tymbou
1513:Spilia
1478:Pyrogi
1458:Potami
1293:Meniko
1283:Masari
1248:Lympia
1178:Klirou
1103:Kampos
1098:Kampia
1043:Gourri
1023:Galini
1018:Galata
1013:Fyllia
1003:Flasou
968:Epicho
953:Deneia
943:Avlona
928:Argaki
918:Apliki
873:Alevga
723:Latsia
703:Engomi
583:Turkey
571:. The
569:Cyprus
528:Turkey
501:Turkey
398:Cyprus
324:
287:Cyprus
284:
171:
156:
100:
93:
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79:
71:
1538:Tseri
1433:Petra
1343:Oikos
1338:Nisou
1278:Margo
1273:Margi
1228:Linou
1223:Lefka
1093:Kampi
933:Askas
883:Alona
863:Akaki
743:Tseri
534:Today
518:when
352:Greek
160:Greek
105:JSTOR
91:books
1553:Voni
1413:Pera
1308:Mora
1208:Kyra
963:Elia
768:Agia
708:Geri
698:Dali
611:2015
449:and
432:and
77:news
1493:Sia
396:in
375:or
60:by
1745::
602:.
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358:,
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