234:, and at least eighteen young men died in service; however, upon the surviving veterans' return, their requests for land were refused. The last residents were transferred to Lake Tyers apart from four elderly people, who were allowed to remain under the supervision of the local police constable. The residents' request for the land to be handed over to them for farming was refused, and blocks of land were sold to soldier settlers.
160:
residents under strict control. He refused to allow them to work on neighbouring farms; he would not permit family members to move onto the
Mission; and he considered rations as a reward rather than a right. The residents used grasses to make fish traps in order to supplement their diet. The mission language was English, and use of
331:
The mission land was included in the area described as "The Mt Eccles Lake Condah Area: About 7880ha, 6km south west of
Macarthur, comprising Mount Eccles National Park, Stones State Faunal Reserve, Muldoons Aboriginal Land, Allambie Aboriginal Land and Condah Mission", which was declared part of the
113:
Lake Condah had first been happened upon by
European settlers in 1841, when David Edgar and William Thompson Edgar were travelling through the area. Edgar gave it the name Lake Condon. Anglican pastoralist Cecil Pybus Cooke, who in 1849 acquired Lake Condah station, had changed the name of Lake
159:
Mission, most of whom, however, refused to move or moved and then returned to
Framlingham. After a few changes of superintendent, another former Moravian missionary, Heinrich Stähle, took over in April 1875. He was considered a disciplinarian (and therefore a good superintendent), who kept the
130:
Cooke had good relations with the local
Gunditjmara people, which was partly why the land was selected by the Anglican Mission board for an Aboriginal mission. Cooke donated the land and £2,000 for the construction of an Anglican church, with the rest of the land (3,000 acres (1,200 ha)
272:
In 1951, the reserve, with the exception of three small areas – the cemetery, the access road to it and an area of 43 acres (17 ha) comprising the mission buildings – was revoked and the land was handed over to the
Soldiers Settlement Commission. The Gunditjmara who had served in the
229:
to the Church
Missionary Association. Government-appointed school teachers taught at the mission. After Stähle retired in 1913, an army captain acted as superintendent, before the mission closed at the end of 1918. Many residents of the mission responded to the call for volunteers for
769:
308:, when the 53-hectare (130-acre) former reserve was vested to the Kerrup Jmara Elders Corporation. The transfer included "full management, control and enjoyment by the Kerrup-Jmara Elders Aboriginal Corporation of the land granted to it". The
304:
1144:"Royal Commission on the Aborigines: Report of the Commissioners appointed to inquire into the present condition of the Aborigines of this colony, and to advise as to the best means of caring for, and dealing with them, in the future"
392:
281:
were excluded from the claims for land – a repeat of what happened after World War I. These 43 acres were all that the people had left of the 2,043 acres (827 ha) originally allocated 83 years earlier by
131:
initially, but reduced to 2,000 acres (810 ha)), handed over by the government in 1867. The site, on 2,000 acres (810 ha) north of Darlot Creek, was formally reserved in 1869, the same year that the
576:
299:
269:; however some Gunditjmara people continued to live in the area until the late 1950s, mostly living off the land, catching fish and hunting for rabbits and other animals, which were sometimes sold.
148:(1860–1869), Central Board for the Protection of Aborigines, Colony of Victoria (1869–1900) and the Central Board for the Protection of Aborigines, State Government of Victoria (1901–1957).
316:
164:
was frowned upon. Annual reports reveal that deaths outnumbered births at the mission; by 1905 the number of children was so low that the school was reduced to part-time operation.
118:", which lived on the lake. The Gunditjmara people were driven off their lands by the new settlers, and some were relocated to the Mission, although not without resistance, in the
338:
110:
people, who lived around the shores of the lake, then known as Tae Rak, for thousands of years pre-dating the arrival of
Europeans, and had specific responsibility for it.
195:
Bishop
Thornton in 1885. There were 26 buildings in total, with 15 acres (6.1 ha) cultivated. By 1871 there were about 80 residents, and by the late 1880s about 120.
320:
257:
and to pave cowyards". Other sources say that the church was demolished in 1957. The government wanted the
Aboriginal people to move to the local towns of Hamilton,
587:
237:
Former residents living in the area continued to attend the church and send their children to the mission school, which continued to operate until June 1948.
218:
452:
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1080:
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and the Kerrup-Jmara people undertook a project in which part of the Mission was recreated, with buildings rebuilt, including tourist accommodation.
1230:
1049:
1215:"The People of Budj Bim: engineers of aquaculture, builders of stone house settlements and warriors defending country" by Gib Wettenhall (2010)
323:(Registered Native Title Corporate) in March 2008 by the Commonwealth government. As of 2020, GMTOAC continue to hold and manage the land.
963:
345:
On 6 July 2019, the Mission was included in Budj Bim Cultural Landscape, which was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site on that date.
245:
In 1950 it was decided that the Mission would close, and the church and other facilities were destroyed to facilitate this. According to
1245:
354:
460:. Monograph series (Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. Native Title Research Unit); no. 1/2009.
1235:
996:
465:
333:
1143:
824:
McVicker, Olive; Fenton, Cicely; Pizzey, Sue (2007), "A Church That Became a Site of Resistance and a Symbol of Hope",
191:) was also used build the houses, and the church (from 1883–1885). The church was named St Mary's, and consecrated by
141:. The location of the buildings was about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of Lake Condah, off the Condah Estate Road.
871:
161:
137:
1126:- various restoration works to the Lake area, starting in the 1970s, with works finally completed in the 2010s
315:
The Kerrup-Jmara Elders Corporation entered liquidation during the 1990s. The reserve was first handed to the
1166:
1163:- Lake Condah Sustainable Development Project, begun in 2002 (including the Mission), new partnership in 2012
1167:'Willing to fight to a man': The First World War and Aboriginal activism in the Western District of Victoria
29:
667:
This article was first published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 3, (MUP), 1969
145:
132:
71:. The Mission lands were returned to the Gunditjmara on 1 January 1987. The Mission was mentioned in the
53:
367:
73:
1104:
838:
694:
542:
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419:
253:: "Condah Mission Station Church, 1885. Destroyed 1950. Stones used to enlarge Church of England
85:
388:
1192:"Excavations at Lake Condah Aboriginal Mission 1984-85" by David Rhodes and Robyn Stocks (1985)
1022:
859:
833:
513:
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107:
78:
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8:
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36:—traditionally known as Tae Rak—and about 20–25 kilometres (12–16 mi) south-east of
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371:(1997) as an institution that housed Indigenous children removed from their families.
1196:
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32:
mission in Victoria, Australia. It is approximately 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from
1203:
225:
In March 1898, the Church Mission Society handed over ownership of Lake Condah and
1050:"Ancient Indigenous aquaculture site Budj Bim added to UNESCO World Heritage list"
1209:"Gunditjmara country" by Theo Watson Read and the Gunditijmara Community (2007?)
274:
152:
41:
48:, was formally reserved in 1869, and the Mission continued operations until the
309:
283:
246:
208:
155:
missionary, who was appointed to oversee the removal of the inhabitants of the
119:
1224:
847:
475:
1202:"The traditional settlement pattern in South West Victoria reconsidered" by
1154:
744:
151:
The first missionary appointed to run the mission was Job Francis, a former
1186:
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57:
45:
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33:
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1195:"Passport to nowhere: Aborigines in Australian cricket, 1850-1939" by
144:
The mission was overseen by the various incarnations of the Victorian
52:
was finally revoked in 1951, with most of the land handed over to the
1081:"On a mission: Uncovering the past of Victoria's Gunditjmara country"
547:
Australian Government. Dept of Agriculture, Water and the Environment
184:
176:
192:
106:
The Kerrup-Jmara ("people of the lake") are a clan of Gunditjmara
625:"Lake Condah near Heywood. Remains of Aboriginal stone eel traps"
543:"National Heritage Places - Budj Bim National Heritage Landscape"
146:
Central Board Appointed to Watch Over the Interests of Aborigines
188:
172:
37:
1212:"The Gunditjmara land justice story" by Jessica K Weir (2009)
966:
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999
910:"The Lake Condah Mission: discovering our Indigenous history"
339:
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999
305:
Aboriginal Land (Lake Condah and Framlingham Forest) Act 1987
88:, including the Budj Bim Cultural Landscape inscribed on the
1155:"Sustainable Development of the Budj Bim Cultural Landscape"
114:
Condon to Lake Condah in the mistaken belief that it meant "
286:, as compensation for the loss of their traditional lands.
1185:"Condah Mission: from half-caste to outcast" by Mary and
1027:
Australian Government. Dept of the Environment and Energy
888:
Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation
424:
Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation
321:
Gunditj Mirring Traditional Owners Aboriginal Corporation
977:. No. P 7. Commonwealth of Australia. 20 July 2004
216:" (part-European) Aboriginal people from reserves. The
1023:"World heritage Places - Budj Bim Cultural Landscape"
387:
Note: The location is marked on the map linked to on
179:
and storage building. A number of the buildings were
968:: Inclusion of Places in the National Heritage List"
558:
See also attached documents: National Heritage List
319:
to manage the lands, before they were vested to the
389:
World heritage Places - Budj Bim Cultural Landscape
222:rescinded that decision, and many people returned.
1001:National Indigenous Australians AgencyVic Projects
1178:"A history of Lake Condah Aboriginal reserve" by
365:Lake Condah Mission Station was mentioned in the
326:
16:Aboriginal mission station in Victoria, Australia
1222:
212:was passed, which provided for the removal of "
133:Central Board for the Protection of Aborigines
826:Local-Global: Identity, Security, Community
819:
817:
577:"Heritage Place: 95 Whyte Street Coleraine"
289:
198:
1241:Aboriginal communities in Victoria (state)
395:; coords around 38°04'28.0"S 141°47'29.1"E
300:Kerrup-Jmara Elders Aboriginal Corporation
956:
837:
355:Royal Commission on the Aborigines (1877)
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44:, on 2,000 acres (810 ha) north of
932:
930:
785:(Somewhere near -38.063564, 141.792526)
537:
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1231:Australian Aboriginal cultural history
1223:
997:"Lake Condah IPA and Budj Bim Rangers"
796:"Aboriginal Protection Act 1869 (Vic)"
788:
446:
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81:children removed from their families.
56:to provide land for white veterans of
1056:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation
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77:(1997) as an institution that housed
1172:
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1047:
927:
884:"Budj Bim National Heritage Listing"
648:
532:
450:
334:Budj Bim National Heritage Landscape
914:Australian Broadcasting Corporation
437:
302:, on 1 January 1987, following the
294:The mission lands were returned to
240:
13:
1072:
866:, Hawthorn Press: Melbourne, 1970
655:Australian Dictionary of Biography
489:
454:The Gunditjmara Land Justice Story
391:under the heading "Resources". On
14:
1257:
1118:"Lake Condah Restoration Project"
1113:- Includes much historical detail
649:Hone, J. Ann (10 February 2020).
420:"Lake Condah Restoration Project"
317:Winda Mara Aboriginal Corporation
1246:1867 establishments in Australia
1135:German Missionaries in Australia
802:. Museum of Australian Democracy
699:German Missionaries in Australia
876:
853:
762:
381:
28:, was established in 1867 as a
1236:Australian Aboriginal missions
908:Partland, Lily (14 May 2013).
642:
569:
327:21st century: Heritage listing
138:Aboriginal Protection Act 1869
95:
63:The area had been home to the
1:
514:"Lake Condah Mission Station"
402:
1079:Chai, Paul (27 April 2017).
7:
1149:. 1877 – via AIATSIS.
938:"Lake Condah Land Transfer"
451:Weir, Jessica Kate (2009).
348:
10:
1262:
1048:Neal, Matt (6 July 2019).
623:denisbin (30 April 2015).
99:
84:It is now part of several
54:Soldiers Settlement Scheme
1139:– very detailed overview.
1109:The Sydney Morning Herald
695:"Lake Condah (1867-1913)"
560:Location and Boundary Map
368:Bringing Them Home Report
360:
298:people, specifically the
74:Bringing Them Home Report
864:Four Towns and a Survey.
374:
290:1987: Return of the land
800:Documenting a Democracy
336:in July 2004 under the
251:Four Towns and a Survey
86:Budj Bim heritage areas
1131:"Ebenezer (1859-1904)"
393:Google Maps about here
310:National Parks service
206:In 1886 the so-called
67:people, a clan of the
584:South Grampians Shire
171:cottage and kitchen,
79:Indigenous Australian
1159:Gunditj Mirring TOAC
1122:Gunditj Mirring TOAC
1093:"Indigenous History"
770:"Condah Estate Road"
485:– via AIATSIS.
162:Aboriginal languages
651:"Cecil Pybus Cooke"
593:on 13 February 2020
227:Lake Tyers Missions
219:Aborigines Act 1910
209:Half-Caste Act 1886
135:was created by the
126:1867: Establishment
90:World Heritage List
22:Lake Condah Mission
1111:. 8 February 2004.
1099:. 19 October 2017.
1003:. 11 December 2015
975:Government Gazette
860:Learmonth, Noel F.
720:"Lake Condah, VIC"
564:Government Gazette
518:Find & Connect
40:. The site of the
1197:Bernard Whimpress
1173:Books and similar
467:978-0-85575-439-6
30:Church of England
1253:
1204:Rupert Gerritsen
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241:1950–51: Closure
24:, also known as
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832:(2007): 41–49,
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247:Noel Learmonth
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201:Half-Caste Act
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120:Eumeralla Wars
100:Main article:
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26:Condah Mission
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1105:"Lake Condah"
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1029:. 6 July 2019
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520:. 14 May 2014
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1180:Aldo Massola
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1058:. Retrieved
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724:Aussie Towns
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588:the original
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279:World War II
271:
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183:, but local
181:weatherboard
167:There was a
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83:
72:
65:Kerrup Jmara
62:
58:World War II
46:Darlot Creek
25:
21:
20:
18:
948:11 February
919:11 February
893:11 February
806:13 February
774:Google Maps
729:13 February
704:10 February
661:10 February
634:11 February
597:13 February
524:10 February
481:11 February
429:13 February
296:Gunditjmara
259:Warrnambool
232:World War I
157:Framlingham
102:Lake Condah
96:Lake Condah
69:Gunditjmara
34:Lake Condah
1225:Categories
1033:30 January
552:30 January
403:References
214:half-caste
199:1886: The
169:missionary
116:black swan
108:Aboriginal
848:1832-6919
834:CiteSeerX
476:1835-7709
185:bluestone
177:dormitory
1054:ABC News
1007:10 March
981:19 March
779:11 March
754:11 March
745:"Condah"
349:See also
267:Portland
255:Hamilton
193:Ballarat
153:Moravian
1206:(2000?)
277:during
263:Heywood
50:reserve
42:mission
1199:(1999)
1189:(1985)
1182:(1963)
1060:6 July
944:. 2011
870:
846:
836:
629:Flickr
562:, and
474:
464:
361:Legacy
189:basalt
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